Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma: Treatment Options – LRF

  https://lymphoma.org/understanding-lymphoma/aboutlymphoma/nhl/ctcl/ctcltreatment/

  Many factors are considered to identify the most appropriate treatment for each patient, including the extent of skin involvement, the type of skin lesion, and whether the cancer has spread to the lymph nodes or other internal organs. […] For mycosis fungoides, treatment is either directed at the skin or the entire body (systemic). Many patients live normal lives while they treat their disease, and some are able to remain in remission for long periods of time. […] Since Szary syndrome is systemic, one in which both blood and skin involvement is noted, it is usually not treated with skin-directed therapies alone. Treatments may be prescribed alone or in combination to achieve the best long-term benefit. […] Skin-Directed Therapies are generally used for earlier stage disease and are typically useful for patches and limited plaques. […] Systemic Treatment may be used in more advanced stage disease and in those with earlier stage disease in whom skin-directed therapies did not help, were not tolerated, or are not available.

• #2 Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma: Diagnosis & treatment

  https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/a-z/ctcl-treatment

  Treatment depends on the type of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma you have and the stage of the cancer. […] Found early, cutaneous T-cell lymphoma is generally not deadly. With proper treatment, many people live long lives and living with this cancer is more like having a chronic disease that you need to manage. […] Patients who have an early-stage cancer may receive treatment from a dermatologist and sometimes a radiation oncologist (doctor who specializes in treating cancer with radiation). […] The goal of treatment is usually to achieve one of the following: Reduce symptoms (aka symptom control): The goal of this type of treatment is to help you feel better without compromising your quality of life. […] A treatment plan for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma may include one or more of the following types of treatment.

• #3 Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma: Diagnosis & treatment

  https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/a-z/ctcl-treatment

  Treatment depends on the type of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma you have and the stage of the cancer. […] Found early, cutaneous T-cell lymphoma is generally not deadly. With proper treatment, many people live long lives and living with this cancer is more like having a chronic disease that you need to manage. […] Patients who have an early-stage cancer may receive treatment from a dermatologist and sometimes a radiation oncologist (doctor who specializes in treating cancer with radiation). […] The goal of treatment is usually to achieve one of the following: Reduce symptoms (aka symptom control): The goal of this type of treatment is to help you feel better without compromising your quality of life. […] A treatment plan for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma may include one or more of the following types of treatment.

• #4 Mycosis Fungoides (Including Sézary Syndrome) Treatment – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/types/lymphoma/patient/mycosis-fungoides-treatment-pdq

  Mycosis fungoides and Szary syndrome are types of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. […] Mycosis fungoides and Szary syndrome are the two most common types of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (a type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma). […] Mycosis fungoides and Szary syndrome are hard to cure. Treatment is usually palliative, to relieve symptoms and improve the quality of life. Patients with early-stage disease may live many years. […] There are different types of treatment for patients with mycosis fungoides and cancer. […] Seven types of standard treatment are used: Photodynamic therapy, Radiation therapy, Chemotherapy, Other drug therapy, Immunotherapy, Targeted therapy, High-dose chemotherapy and radiation therapy with stem cell transplant. […] Treatment of newly diagnosed stage I and stage II mycosis fungoides may include the following: Psoralen and ultraviolet A (PUVA) radiation therapy, Ultraviolet B radiation therapy, Radiation therapy with total skin electron beam radiation therapy, Immunotherapy given alone or combined with therapy directed at the skin, Topical chemotherapy, Systemic chemotherapy with one or more drugs, Other drug therapy (topical corticosteroids, retinoid therapy, lenalidomide, histone deacetylase inhibitors), Targeted therapy (brentuximab vedotin).

• #5 Management of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4954104/

  Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) is an uncommon cutaneous malignancy that usually presents with patches and/or plaques, less commonly with tumours and/or haematological involvement. […] Mycosis fungoides is usually an indolent condition that can be managed with skin-directed therapies. […] Specialist multidisciplinary team involvement is vital for prompt diagnosis and optimal management. […] Ongoing trials of novel agents continue to provide hope for those with refractory disease. […] There is no cure for CTCL, so the emphasis of treatment is on clearance or improvement of lesions to produce disease remission. This aims to improve quality of life and optimise disease-free time and overall survival. The choice of treatment agent depends on disease stage. Importantly, there is evidence that aggressive therapy with radiation and chemotherapy in early-stage disease results in a worse prognosis than conservative treatment with sequential topical therapies.

• #6 Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma: Treatment Options – LRF

  https://lymphoma.org/understanding-lymphoma/aboutlymphoma/nhl/ctcl/ctcltreatment/

  Many factors are considered to identify the most appropriate treatment for each patient, including the extent of skin involvement, the type of skin lesion, and whether the cancer has spread to the lymph nodes or other internal organs. […] For mycosis fungoides, treatment is either directed at the skin or the entire body (systemic). Many patients live normal lives while they treat their disease, and some are able to remain in remission for long periods of time. […] Since Szary syndrome is systemic, one in which both blood and skin involvement is noted, it is usually not treated with skin-directed therapies alone. Treatments may be prescribed alone or in combination to achieve the best long-term benefit. […] Skin-Directed Therapies are generally used for earlier stage disease and are typically useful for patches and limited plaques. […] Systemic Treatment may be used in more advanced stage disease and in those with earlier stage disease in whom skin-directed therapies did not help, were not tolerated, or are not available.

• #7 Management of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4954104/

  In early-stage disease (IA and IB) skin-directed therapies are used including: Topical high-potency corticosteroids and emollients for localised patches and plaques. […] UV phototherapy for more widespread patches and plaques. […] Spot low-dose radiotherapy for localised stubborn plaques or tumours. […] Total skin electron beam radiotherapy for widespread plaques or tumours. […] Low-dose interferon-alfa (IFN-a) alters the immune system response and has a role in cell cycle regulation, oncogene suppression and modulation of cell adhesion. […] Extracorporeal photopheresis is a recommended first-line therapy for SS and stage III MF. […] Chemotherapy is reserved for advanced-stage disease (stage IV). […] A relatively small number of patients with refractory disease have received allogeneic stem cell transplantation. […] Some novel treatments are not currently licensed for use in the UK, although some have Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval for use in the US.

• #8 Management of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4954104/

  Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) is an uncommon cutaneous malignancy that usually presents with patches and/or plaques, less commonly with tumours and/or haematological involvement. […] Mycosis fungoides is usually an indolent condition that can be managed with skin-directed therapies. […] Specialist multidisciplinary team involvement is vital for prompt diagnosis and optimal management. […] Ongoing trials of novel agents continue to provide hope for those with refractory disease. […] There is no cure for CTCL, so the emphasis of treatment is on clearance or improvement of lesions to produce disease remission. This aims to improve quality of life and optimise disease-free time and overall survival. The choice of treatment agent depends on disease stage. Importantly, there is evidence that aggressive therapy with radiation and chemotherapy in early-stage disease results in a worse prognosis than conservative treatment with sequential topical therapies.

• #9 Management of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4954104/

  In early-stage disease (IA and IB) skin-directed therapies are used including: Topical high-potency corticosteroids and emollients for localised patches and plaques. […] UV phototherapy for more widespread patches and plaques. […] Spot low-dose radiotherapy for localised stubborn plaques or tumours. […] Total skin electron beam radiotherapy for widespread plaques or tumours. […] Low-dose interferon-alfa (IFN-a) alters the immune system response and has a role in cell cycle regulation, oncogene suppression and modulation of cell adhesion. […] Extracorporeal photopheresis is a recommended first-line therapy for SS and stage III MF. […] Chemotherapy is reserved for advanced-stage disease (stage IV). […] A relatively small number of patients with refractory disease have received allogeneic stem cell transplantation. […] Some novel treatments are not currently licensed for use in the UK, although some have Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval for use in the US.

• #10 Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma: Diagnosis & treatment

  https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/a-z/ctcl-treatment

  To destroy cancer cells found in the skin, you may need to apply medication to your skin, have radiation therapy, or get light treatments. Some patients receive a combination of these treatments. […] Radiation therapy is used to kill cancer cells and shrink tumors. It’s often part of a treatment plan for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. […] Several of these medications are used to treat the different types of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. […] If the cancer has advanced, a clinical trial may be your preferred treatment. […] Your doctor may recommend this treatment to remove tumors or other growths on your skin. […] This treatment is also called a hematopoietic stem cell transplant or bone marrow transplant. […] If you have an early-stage, slowly growing type of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma like mycosis fungoides, the best approach may be to watch it rather than treat it. […] If you’ve been diagnosed with CTCL, you may see a dermatologist for skin problems caused by treatment. […] Your dermatologist can relieve the itch by prescribing medication that you apply to your skin, wet dressings, or an antihistamine.

• #11 Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20351057

  Treatments for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma include medicines, radiation therapy, light therapy and bone marrow transplant. Many treatments exist for this cancer. Your treatment plan may include a mix of treatments. […] Some medicines for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma are applied to the skin. The medicines may come in creams, gels and ointments. […] Light therapy for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma involves shining a certain kind of light on the skin to kill the cancer cells. During this treatment, you stand in a treatment area while lamps shine on your skin. The treatment often is given a few times a week for several weeks. […] Radiation therapy treats cancer with powerful energy beams. For cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, the energy beams are most often X-rays or electrons. The treatment might target a small area of cancer on the skin. Or it can be given to all the skin on the body.

• #12 Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma: Diagnosis & treatment

  https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/a-z/ctcl-treatment

  To destroy cancer cells found in the skin, you may need to apply medication to your skin, have radiation therapy, or get light treatments. Some patients receive a combination of these treatments. […] Radiation therapy is used to kill cancer cells and shrink tumors. It’s often part of a treatment plan for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. […] Several of these medications are used to treat the different types of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. […] If the cancer has advanced, a clinical trial may be your preferred treatment. […] Your doctor may recommend this treatment to remove tumors or other growths on your skin. […] This treatment is also called a hematopoietic stem cell transplant or bone marrow transplant. […] If you have an early-stage, slowly growing type of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma like mycosis fungoides, the best approach may be to watch it rather than treat it. […] If you’ve been diagnosed with CTCL, you may see a dermatologist for skin problems caused by treatment. […] Your dermatologist can relieve the itch by prescribing medication that you apply to your skin, wet dressings, or an antihistamine.

• #13 Management of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4954104/

  In early-stage disease (IA and IB) skin-directed therapies are used including: Topical high-potency corticosteroids and emollients for localised patches and plaques. […] UV phototherapy for more widespread patches and plaques. […] Spot low-dose radiotherapy for localised stubborn plaques or tumours. […] Total skin electron beam radiotherapy for widespread plaques or tumours. […] Low-dose interferon-alfa (IFN-a) alters the immune system response and has a role in cell cycle regulation, oncogene suppression and modulation of cell adhesion. […] Extracorporeal photopheresis is a recommended first-line therapy for SS and stage III MF. […] Chemotherapy is reserved for advanced-stage disease (stage IV). […] A relatively small number of patients with refractory disease have received allogeneic stem cell transplantation. […] Some novel treatments are not currently licensed for use in the UK, although some have Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval for use in the US.

• #14 Skin-Directed Therapy for Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma/treatments/skin-directed-therapy-for-cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma

  Treatment can often lead to remission, meaning the signs and symptoms of the condition go away. Remission can last for months or years. […] Often, people with T-cell lymphoma covering small areas of the body can be treated with only topical medications creams, ointments, or gels placed directly onto the skin. Our doctors work with you to determine how often and how long these medications should be used. They are usually applied daily for several months. […] Topical steroids are medications that can help to reduce the itching and redness caused by both cutaneous T-cell lymphoma and some of the other medications used to treat this condition, such as retinoids. Steroids can cause your skin to become thinner, so your doctor carefully manages the dosage and monitors the length of use. […] Retinoids, which are made from vitamin A, can damage T-cell lymphoma cells on the skin, slowing cancer growth. They may cause increased redness and itching, usually relieved with topical steroids.

• #15 Skin-Directed Therapy for Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma/treatments/skin-directed-therapy-for-cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma

  Mechlorethamine gel is a form of chemotherapy, a type of treatment in which medications are used to kill cancer cells. Applying the gel directly to the skin helps to destroy cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. This topical application helps you to avoid the nausea, vomiting, and other side effects that can result from systemic chemotherapy, in which the medications are injected into a vein through intravenous (IV) infusion or taken by mouth and then travel throughout the body. […] Topical chemotherapy can cause inflammation and redness of the skin. If this happens, your doctor may recommend adjusting the dose of mechlorethamine or using topical steroids to manage these side effects. […] Our doctors may use phototherapy which delivers ultraviolet light, the same type of light that comes from the sun to manage cutaneous T-cell lymphoma that does not respond to topical medications or that covers larger areas of skin.

• #16 Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma treatment | Macmillan Cancer Support

  https://www.macmillan.org.uk/cancer-information-and-support/lymphoma/non-hodgkin/treatment/cutaneous-t-cell

  Sometimes treatments that work throughout the body are used. These treatments may be given as tablets, or as an injection into a vein or under the skin. They are then carried in the blood to all areas of the body. […] You may have these treatments if: direct skin treatments are not controlling the CTCL, CTCL is affecting the lymph nodes or other organs, there are a lot of tumours on the skin. […] Skin creams (or topical treatments) are drugs that are put directly onto the area where they are needed. Your doctor may prescribe steroid or chemotherapy cream to treat areas of your skin. […] Steroids are drugs that help reduce redness and swelling. A steroid cream may be the only treatment you need to control early-stage CTCL. […] Chemotherapy uses anti-cancer (cytotoxic) drugs to destroy cancer cells. Your doctor or nurse will explain exactly how to use a chemotherapy cream and which areas of skin to use it on.

• #17 Skin-Directed Therapy for Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma/treatments/skin-directed-therapy-for-cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma

  Treatment can often lead to remission, meaning the signs and symptoms of the condition go away. Remission can last for months or years. […] Often, people with T-cell lymphoma covering small areas of the body can be treated with only topical medications creams, ointments, or gels placed directly onto the skin. Our doctors work with you to determine how often and how long these medications should be used. They are usually applied daily for several months. […] Topical steroids are medications that can help to reduce the itching and redness caused by both cutaneous T-cell lymphoma and some of the other medications used to treat this condition, such as retinoids. Steroids can cause your skin to become thinner, so your doctor carefully manages the dosage and monitors the length of use. […] Retinoids, which are made from vitamin A, can damage T-cell lymphoma cells on the skin, slowing cancer growth. They may cause increased redness and itching, usually relieved with topical steroids.

• #18 Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Topical Therapy, Systemic Therapy

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2139720-treatment

  Combination chemotherapy is generally not used in mycosis fungoides, because the infectious complications of this treatment, as well as the short response duration, outweigh the modest response rates seen in this disease. […] In highly selected patients, allogeneic or autologous bone marrow transplantation has yielded a 5-year overall survival rate ranging from 30% to 50%, with a relapse-free survival rate of 15% to 25%. […] Topical mycosis fungoides treatments, such as topical steroids, topical retinoids, topical chemotherapy, and light treatment that may be enhanced by the ingestion of psoralen, are used to induce remissions, which may be lengthy in patients whose disease is largely confined to the skin. […] A majority of patients in the patch stage will have a response, usually to class I (highest potency) steroids; steroids lyse T lymphocytes and block cytokine secretion.

• #19 Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma (CTCL) | Skin Cancer Institute

  https://azskincancerinstitute.org/sci/about/cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma-ctcl

  T treating CTCL depends on the extent of skin involvement, the type of skin lesion, and whether the cancer has spread to the lymph nodes or other internal organs. […] For mycosis fungoides, treatment is usually focused on the skin. Skin-directed therapies are useful for patch and limited plaque disease and include topical treatments such as corticosteroids, retinoids, or imiquimod (which activates immune cells), mechlorethamine gel (Valchlor), topical chemotherapy, local radiation, methotrexate, photopheresis, or ultraviolet light (phototherapy). […] Because Szary syndrome affects the entire body (not just skin), it is usually not treated with skin-directed therapies alone. Multiple treatments may be prescribed in combination to treat the entire disease. Common treatments include radiation, chemotherapy, and/or therapies such as: […] Combination chemotherapy regimens are usually only used when patients have not responded well to several single-agent therapies.

• #20 Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20351057

  Treatments for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma include medicines, radiation therapy, light therapy and bone marrow transplant. Many treatments exist for this cancer. Your treatment plan may include a mix of treatments. […] Some medicines for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma are applied to the skin. The medicines may come in creams, gels and ointments. […] Light therapy for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma involves shining a certain kind of light on the skin to kill the cancer cells. During this treatment, you stand in a treatment area while lamps shine on your skin. The treatment often is given a few times a week for several weeks. […] Radiation therapy treats cancer with powerful energy beams. For cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, the energy beams are most often X-rays or electrons. The treatment might target a small area of cancer on the skin. Or it can be given to all the skin on the body.

• #21 Skin-Directed Therapy for Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma/treatments/skin-directed-therapy-for-cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma

  Mechlorethamine gel is a form of chemotherapy, a type of treatment in which medications are used to kill cancer cells. Applying the gel directly to the skin helps to destroy cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. This topical application helps you to avoid the nausea, vomiting, and other side effects that can result from systemic chemotherapy, in which the medications are injected into a vein through intravenous (IV) infusion or taken by mouth and then travel throughout the body. […] Topical chemotherapy can cause inflammation and redness of the skin. If this happens, your doctor may recommend adjusting the dose of mechlorethamine or using topical steroids to manage these side effects. […] Our doctors may use phototherapy which delivers ultraviolet light, the same type of light that comes from the sun to manage cutaneous T-cell lymphoma that does not respond to topical medications or that covers larger areas of skin.

• #22 Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Topical Therapy, Systemic Therapy

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2139720-treatment

  Most cases of patch- or plaque-stage disease will respond to PUVA (76-90% complete responses); psoralens inhibit DNA synthesis in tissues exposed to psoralen and UV-A. […] Bexarotene is also sometimes used for disease confined to the skin. […] Treatment of stages T1 and T2 mycosis fungoides with total skin electron beam therapy is highly effective without adjuvant therapy. […] Management of relapses with local radiotherapy or a second round of total skin electron beam irradiation is feasible, timesaving, and cost-effective. […] Combination therapy with bexarotene and PUVA should be considered for patients with treatment-resistant CTCL that is refractory to monotherapy. […] The treatment of Szary syndrome should be predicated on disease burden and rapidity of progression. […] Because infection is the major cause of death in patients with mycosis Szary syndrome, one should attempt to preserve immune response, use immunomodulatory therapy before chemotherapy unless the disease burden or therapeutic failure requires otherwise, and consider combination therapy, particularly systemic immunomodulatory therapy plus skin-directed treatments, as a better option than monotherapy. […] Mogamulizumab, a CCR4-directed monoclonal antibody, was approved by the FDA in 2018 for adults with Szary syndrome or mycosis fungoides who have received at least 1 prior systemic therapy.

• #23 Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma treatment | Macmillan Cancer Support

  https://www.macmillan.org.uk/cancer-information-and-support/lymphoma/non-hodgkin/treatment/cutaneous-t-cell

  UVB light (a type of ultraviolet light) is sometimes used to treat CTCL. The treatment is given in using an air-conditioned cabinet containing ultraviolet lights. […] PUVA (sometimes called photochemotherapy) is mainly used to treat skin symptoms during early CTCL. It uses a drug called psoralen (P), which makes your skin sensitive to ultraviolet light (UVA). […] Radiotherapy uses high-energy rays to destroy cancer cells, while doing as little harm as possible to nearby healthy cells. It is an effective treatment for early CTCL. […] Chemotherapy may be given to help control CTCL. It is used if there are lots of tumours on the skin or if the lymph nodes or other organs are affected. […] Targeted therapies are drugs that use unique features of the cancer to find and treat cancer cells. A drug called brentuximab vedotin may be used if there are still signs of CTCL or it comes back after other treatments.

• #24 Strategies for Treating Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma Part 1: Remission | JCAD – The Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology

  https://jcadonline.com/strategies-for-treating-cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma-part-1-remission/

  The dependence of PUVA on an oral agent that often causes nausea and necessitates the use of eye protection has led to the use of ultraviolet B (UVB) phototherapy as a technically easier and more acceptable therapy. […] The role of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation is still being delineated in CTCL. […] Once the patients tumor burden is zero, the physicians main focus is how to maintain remission. […] Therapies used to achieve remission in CTCL are defined as successful if the tumor burden measures fail to reflect residual disease.

• #25 Management of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4954104/

  In early-stage disease (IA and IB) skin-directed therapies are used including: Topical high-potency corticosteroids and emollients for localised patches and plaques. […] UV phototherapy for more widespread patches and plaques. […] Spot low-dose radiotherapy for localised stubborn plaques or tumours. […] Total skin electron beam radiotherapy for widespread plaques or tumours. […] Low-dose interferon-alfa (IFN-a) alters the immune system response and has a role in cell cycle regulation, oncogene suppression and modulation of cell adhesion. […] Extracorporeal photopheresis is a recommended first-line therapy for SS and stage III MF. […] Chemotherapy is reserved for advanced-stage disease (stage IV). […] A relatively small number of patients with refractory disease have received allogeneic stem cell transplantation. […] Some novel treatments are not currently licensed for use in the UK, although some have Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval for use in the US.

• #26 Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20351057

  Treatments for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma include medicines, radiation therapy, light therapy and bone marrow transplant. Many treatments exist for this cancer. Your treatment plan may include a mix of treatments. […] Some medicines for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma are applied to the skin. The medicines may come in creams, gels and ointments. […] Light therapy for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma involves shining a certain kind of light on the skin to kill the cancer cells. During this treatment, you stand in a treatment area while lamps shine on your skin. The treatment often is given a few times a week for several weeks. […] Radiation therapy treats cancer with powerful energy beams. For cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, the energy beams are most often X-rays or electrons. The treatment might target a small area of cancer on the skin. Or it can be given to all the skin on the body.

• #27 Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20351057

  Treatments for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma include medicines, radiation therapy, light therapy and bone marrow transplant. Many treatments exist for this cancer. Your treatment plan may include a mix of treatments. […] Some medicines for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma are applied to the skin. The medicines may come in creams, gels and ointments. […] Light therapy for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma involves shining a certain kind of light on the skin to kill the cancer cells. During this treatment, you stand in a treatment area while lamps shine on your skin. The treatment often is given a few times a week for several weeks. […] Radiation therapy treats cancer with powerful energy beams. For cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, the energy beams are most often X-rays or electrons. The treatment might target a small area of cancer on the skin. Or it can be given to all the skin on the body.

• #28 Cutaneous T-cell Lymphoma: Mycosis Fungoides & Sezary Syndrome

  https://www.cancercenter.com/cancer-types/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/types/cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma

  Radiation therapy uses high-dose radiation (a type of energy) to kill or damage cancer cells. CTCL patients will likely undergo external radiation therapy, using a machine that gives off high-energy X-rays and targets an area of cancer, or that sends tiny particles called electrons across the surface of the skin (called electron beam radiation therapy). […] Chemotherapy uses drugs to kill or slow the growth of cancer cells. These drugs may be taken by mouth, injected into the bloodstream or applied to the skin. If the cancer is widespread, patients may receive chemotherapy by mouth or via injection, so the medicines can attack cancer cells throughout the body. Some patients may get topical chemotherapy, which is applied to the skin. […] Retinoids are a form of vitamin A that may prevent or slow the growth of cancer. Retinoids come in either a topical cream or gel, which is applied to the skin for a targeted treatment, or in pill form, which is taken orally to help slow cancer growth throughout the body.

• #29 Management of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4954104/

  In early-stage disease (IA and IB) skin-directed therapies are used including: Topical high-potency corticosteroids and emollients for localised patches and plaques. […] UV phototherapy for more widespread patches and plaques. […] Spot low-dose radiotherapy for localised stubborn plaques or tumours. […] Total skin electron beam radiotherapy for widespread plaques or tumours. […] Low-dose interferon-alfa (IFN-a) alters the immune system response and has a role in cell cycle regulation, oncogene suppression and modulation of cell adhesion. […] Extracorporeal photopheresis is a recommended first-line therapy for SS and stage III MF. […] Chemotherapy is reserved for advanced-stage disease (stage IV). […] A relatively small number of patients with refractory disease have received allogeneic stem cell transplantation. […] Some novel treatments are not currently licensed for use in the UK, although some have Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval for use in the US.

• #30 Strategies for Treating Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma Part 1: Remission | JCAD – The Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology

  https://jcadonline.com/strategies-for-treating-cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma-part-1-remission/

  The first step to cure is a complete remission. […] Bexarotene gel is typically used in patients with less than 15-percent body surface area (BSA) involvement. […] Complete clearance of lesions will usually occur after 12 to 16 weeks of therapy. […] Topical bexarotene is an effective treatment for localized CTCL. […] BCNU is an effective topical treatment for localized CTCL. […] NM is a safe, effective, self-administered therapy for patients with early stage CTCL but daily total body application is required. […] TSEBT brings about complete remission in 60 to 95 percent of patients, and the response is stage dependent. […] TSEBT can induce a remission in CTCL patients more reliably and quickly than other modalities. […] PUVA provides complete remissions in patch/plaque CTCL in the majority of patients.

• #31 Management of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4954104/

  In early-stage disease (IA and IB) skin-directed therapies are used including: Topical high-potency corticosteroids and emollients for localised patches and plaques. […] UV phototherapy for more widespread patches and plaques. […] Spot low-dose radiotherapy for localised stubborn plaques or tumours. […] Total skin electron beam radiotherapy for widespread plaques or tumours. […] Low-dose interferon-alfa (IFN-a) alters the immune system response and has a role in cell cycle regulation, oncogene suppression and modulation of cell adhesion. […] Extracorporeal photopheresis is a recommended first-line therapy for SS and stage III MF. […] Chemotherapy is reserved for advanced-stage disease (stage IV). […] A relatively small number of patients with refractory disease have received allogeneic stem cell transplantation. […] Some novel treatments are not currently licensed for use in the UK, although some have Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval for use in the US.

• #32 Strategies for Treating Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma Part 1: Remission | JCAD – The Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology

  https://jcadonline.com/strategies-for-treating-cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma-part-1-remission/

  The first step to cure is a complete remission. […] Bexarotene gel is typically used in patients with less than 15-percent body surface area (BSA) involvement. […] Complete clearance of lesions will usually occur after 12 to 16 weeks of therapy. […] Topical bexarotene is an effective treatment for localized CTCL. […] BCNU is an effective topical treatment for localized CTCL. […] NM is a safe, effective, self-administered therapy for patients with early stage CTCL but daily total body application is required. […] TSEBT brings about complete remission in 60 to 95 percent of patients, and the response is stage dependent. […] TSEBT can induce a remission in CTCL patients more reliably and quickly than other modalities. […] PUVA provides complete remissions in patch/plaque CTCL in the majority of patients.

• #33 Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma: Treatment Options – LRF

  https://lymphoma.org/understanding-lymphoma/aboutlymphoma/nhl/ctcl/ctcltreatment/

  Many factors are considered to identify the most appropriate treatment for each patient, including the extent of skin involvement, the type of skin lesion, and whether the cancer has spread to the lymph nodes or other internal organs. […] For mycosis fungoides, treatment is either directed at the skin or the entire body (systemic). Many patients live normal lives while they treat their disease, and some are able to remain in remission for long periods of time. […] Since Szary syndrome is systemic, one in which both blood and skin involvement is noted, it is usually not treated with skin-directed therapies alone. Treatments may be prescribed alone or in combination to achieve the best long-term benefit. […] Skin-Directed Therapies are generally used for earlier stage disease and are typically useful for patches and limited plaques. […] Systemic Treatment may be used in more advanced stage disease and in those with earlier stage disease in whom skin-directed therapies did not help, were not tolerated, or are not available.

• #34 Cutaneous T-cell Lymphoma | Cutaneous Lymphoma Foundation

  https://www.clfoundation.org/cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma

  Skin-directed therapies include ultraviolet light (PUVA, narrow-band UVB), topical steroids, topical chemotherapy (nitrogen mustard, carmustine), topical retinoids, local radiation to single lesions or total skin electron beam (TSEB) radiation. As most patients with CTCL have only skin disease, there is a lot of ongoing active research into new topical therapies. Full-body, or systemic, therapies include oral retinoids, photopheresis, interferon, targeted agents, antibody therapies, immunotherapy, and systemic chemotherapy. Its common for treatments to be prescribed in combination (such as a topical and a systemic therapy together), with the goal of achieving the best, long-term benefits for your condition with the least side effects. […] Individuals with disease limited to the skin (stages I and II) can often achieve a good response with one of the readily available skin-directed therapies. […] Individuals who have only partial or short responses to skin-directed therapies, or more advanced stages of disease, may benefit from systemic therapy.

• #35 Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma: Current and Emerging Therapies

  https://www.cancernetwork.com/view/cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma-current-and-emerging-therapies

  Oral retinoids are often selected as first-line systemic therapy for patients who have failed SDT. […] As the immune system of patients with advanced-stage MF/SS is shifted toward T-helper 2 (Th2) cytokines, treatment with interferons (IFNs) may aid in restoring the T-helper 1 (Th1)/ Th2 balance. […] Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) are small molecules that block deacetylation of tumor suppressor genes and cell cycle regulatory pathways. Vorinostat is an oral HDACi that is FDA-approved for the treatment of MF/SS; its ORR is 29%. […] AlloHSCT may result in long-term remission in a subset of patients with MF/SS and should be considered upfront for younger patients in otherwise good health who are refractory to multiple therapies or who demonstrate a high-risk profile of disease with poor life expectancy.

• #36 Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma Medication: Antineoplastics, Other, Immunomodulators, Antineoplastics, Monoclonal Antibody, Topical Skin Products, Retinoid-like Agents, Corticosteroids, Antineoplastics, Anti-CD30 Monoclonal Antibodies

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2139720-medication

  This product was discontinued in January 2014. This is a fusion protein (amino acid sequence of diphtheria linked to IL-2 amino acid sequence) that selectively delivers cytotoxic activity of diphtheria toxin to targeted cells. Denileukin diftitox is used only in T-cell lymphoma in which malignant cells express the CD25 component of the IL-2 receptor. It interacts with the high-affinity IL-2 receptor on the surface of malignant cells to inhibit intracellular protein synthesis, which in turn causes cell death. […] Bexarotene (Targretin) is an X-receptorspecific retinoid. The receptor works as transcription factors that regulate genes that control cellular differentiation and proliferation. It may inhibit sebaceous gland differentiation and abnormal keratinization.

• #37 Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma treatment | Macmillan Cancer Support

  https://www.macmillan.org.uk/cancer-information-and-support/lymphoma/non-hodgkin/treatment/cutaneous-t-cell

  Bexarotene (Targretin) is a type of drug called a retinoid. It may be used to treat CTCL that has come back after other treatments. […] ECP is a type of PUVA treatment for the blood. ECP treatment is used when there is a high level of abnormal lymphocytes in the blood. This may also help improve any skin symptoms caused by CTCL. […] Your doctor may talk to you about clinical trials. Clinical trials for CTCL may: test new treatments or new ways of giving treatments, record information about your condition.

• #38 Management of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4954104/

  In early-stage disease (IA and IB) skin-directed therapies are used including: Topical high-potency corticosteroids and emollients for localised patches and plaques. […] UV phototherapy for more widespread patches and plaques. […] Spot low-dose radiotherapy for localised stubborn plaques or tumours. […] Total skin electron beam radiotherapy for widespread plaques or tumours. […] Low-dose interferon-alfa (IFN-a) alters the immune system response and has a role in cell cycle regulation, oncogene suppression and modulation of cell adhesion. […] Extracorporeal photopheresis is a recommended first-line therapy for SS and stage III MF. […] Chemotherapy is reserved for advanced-stage disease (stage IV). […] A relatively small number of patients with refractory disease have received allogeneic stem cell transplantation. […] Some novel treatments are not currently licensed for use in the UK, although some have Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval for use in the US.

• #39 Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma: Current and Emerging Therapies

  https://www.cancernetwork.com/view/cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma-current-and-emerging-therapies

  Oral retinoids are often selected as first-line systemic therapy for patients who have failed SDT. […] As the immune system of patients with advanced-stage MF/SS is shifted toward T-helper 2 (Th2) cytokines, treatment with interferons (IFNs) may aid in restoring the T-helper 1 (Th1)/ Th2 balance. […] Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) are small molecules that block deacetylation of tumor suppressor genes and cell cycle regulatory pathways. Vorinostat is an oral HDACi that is FDA-approved for the treatment of MF/SS; its ORR is 29%. […] AlloHSCT may result in long-term remission in a subset of patients with MF/SS and should be considered upfront for younger patients in otherwise good health who are refractory to multiple therapies or who demonstrate a high-risk profile of disease with poor life expectancy.

• #40 Cutaneous T-cell Lymphoma: Mycosis Fungoides & Sezary Syndrome

  https://www.cancercenter.com/cancer-types/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/types/cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma

  Immunotherapy boosts or guides the patients own immune system to help it better fight cancer. Interferon is an immunotherapy, made from a substance that our body makes naturally, that may be used to treat CTCL. Injections of interferon may help strengthen the immune systems ability to kill cancer cells. […] Targeted therapy uses drugs or substances designed to attack specific types of cancer cells and cause less harm to healthy cells than chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Targeted therapy options for CTCL include brentuximab vedotin and mogamulizumab, both of which attach to targets on the cancer cells and then kill the cells. […] Stem cell transplant allows patients to receive higher doses of chemotherapy or radiation therapy, which can kill healthy blood cells along with cancer cells. With a stem cell transplant, doctors remove immature blood cells (stem cells) from the body before giving you high doses of chemotherapy and possibly radiation therapy. The stem cells are then reinjected to the bloodstream after chemotherapy and radiation therapy is complete so they can grow into healthy blood cells.

• #41 Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma | Baptist Health

  https://www.baptisthealth.com/care-services/conditions-treatments/cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma

  Baptist Health is known for advanced, superior care for patients with cancer and the diagnosis, treatment and management of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. […] Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma treatment depends on a persons overall health and whether it has spread to other parts of the body. Most people receive a combination of treatments, which can include: […] Biological Therapy These treatments help the immune system recognize and attack cancer cells. […] Blood Stem Cell Transplant This treatment is also called a bone marrow transplant. The patients own healthy bone marrow cells or those from a donor are injected into the bloodstream to replace the diseased cells. […] Chemotherapy Special drugs designed to kill cancer cells can be given as a pill or injected into the bloodstream. […] Extracorporeal Photopheresis In this treatment, blood cells are exposed to ultraviolet light, which damages cancer cells.

• #42 Management of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4954104/

  In early-stage disease (IA and IB) skin-directed therapies are used including: Topical high-potency corticosteroids and emollients for localised patches and plaques. […] UV phototherapy for more widespread patches and plaques. […] Spot low-dose radiotherapy for localised stubborn plaques or tumours. […] Total skin electron beam radiotherapy for widespread plaques or tumours. […] Low-dose interferon-alfa (IFN-a) alters the immune system response and has a role in cell cycle regulation, oncogene suppression and modulation of cell adhesion. […] Extracorporeal photopheresis is a recommended first-line therapy for SS and stage III MF. […] Chemotherapy is reserved for advanced-stage disease (stage IV). […] A relatively small number of patients with refractory disease have received allogeneic stem cell transplantation. […] Some novel treatments are not currently licensed for use in the UK, although some have Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval for use in the US.

• #43 Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Topical Therapy, Systemic Therapy

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2139720-treatment

  Localized radiation or a surgical approach to localized mycosis fungoides can be used. The advantage of using surgery first is that a full dose of radiation can be delivered in the same location at a later time, thus preserving options for future therapy. […] A retrospective review by Thomas et al indicated that the use of a single dose of radiation (700-800 cGy) in place of multiple-fraction radiation treatment still results in excellent palliation in patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. […] The randomized phase III FLASH trial, conducted in 169 patients, found that photodynamic therapy with topical hypericin was more effective than placebo for treatment of early-stage (IA-IIA) patch and plaque mycosis fungoides/CTCL. […] In extracorporeal photopheresis, blood is drawn from the patient and the white blood cells are separated out, treated with 8-methoxypsoralen, exposed to ultraviolet light, and then returned to the patient. Extracorporeal photopheresis, either alone or in combination with other treatment modalities (eg, interferon alfa), is an effective treatment for Szary syndrome and for erythrodermic mycosis fungoides, with overall response rates of 30-80% and complete response rates of 14-25%.

• #44 Management of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4954104/

  In early-stage disease (IA and IB) skin-directed therapies are used including: Topical high-potency corticosteroids and emollients for localised patches and plaques. […] UV phototherapy for more widespread patches and plaques. […] Spot low-dose radiotherapy for localised stubborn plaques or tumours. […] Total skin electron beam radiotherapy for widespread plaques or tumours. […] Low-dose interferon-alfa (IFN-a) alters the immune system response and has a role in cell cycle regulation, oncogene suppression and modulation of cell adhesion. […] Extracorporeal photopheresis is a recommended first-line therapy for SS and stage III MF. […] Chemotherapy is reserved for advanced-stage disease (stage IV). […] A relatively small number of patients with refractory disease have received allogeneic stem cell transplantation. […] Some novel treatments are not currently licensed for use in the UK, although some have Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval for use in the US.

• #45 Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma: Current and Emerging Therapies

  https://www.cancernetwork.com/view/cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma-current-and-emerging-therapies

  SDTs are the mainstay for treatment of early-stage disease, but they also have an important role in disease palliation in patients with advanced disease. Because MF/SS is a chronic skin disease that likely requires treatment for many years, management should start out as conservatively as possible, with the goals of putting the disease in a prolonged or permanent remission and controlling pruritus. […] Treatment with EBT has the highest response rates, greater than 90%. Complete response rates are highest in patients with T1 and T2 disease, and early use of low-dose radiation to a solitary lesion may be curative. […] In patients with erythrodermic MF and SS, the frontline therapy is extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP), which combines phototherapy with leukapheresis. ECP may be administered for 2 consecutive days every month or, if disease is progressing, every 2 weeks. ECP as monotherapy has been shown to have overall response rates (ORRs) ranging from 33% to 75%.

• #46 Skin lymphoma – Cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL) | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/types/skin

  If you have stage 2B or stage 4 MF, you might have a type of radiotherapy called total skin electron beam therapy (TSEBT) as your first treatment. […] For stage 3 MF you might have a type of light treatment called extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP). […] Treatment can control MF very well. But it is common for MF to relapse. […] For more advanced MF (stage 2B or above) you might have: a targeted immunotherapy drug such as brentuximab or mogamulizumab, chemotherapy, stem cell transplant. […] You might have a type of radiotherapy called total skin electron beam therapy (TSEBT) for stage 3 MF that comes back. […] You might have these a single treatment, or several treatments together: a type of light treatment called extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) – you have it on its own or with either interferon, methotrexate or bexarotene, PUVA light treatment with either interferon, methotrexate or bexarotene, a chemotherapy drug treatment, usually with just one drug.

• #47 Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma: Current and Emerging Therapies

  https://www.cancernetwork.com/view/cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma-current-and-emerging-therapies

  Oral retinoids are often selected as first-line systemic therapy for patients who have failed SDT. […] As the immune system of patients with advanced-stage MF/SS is shifted toward T-helper 2 (Th2) cytokines, treatment with interferons (IFNs) may aid in restoring the T-helper 1 (Th1)/ Th2 balance. […] Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) are small molecules that block deacetylation of tumor suppressor genes and cell cycle regulatory pathways. Vorinostat is an oral HDACi that is FDA-approved for the treatment of MF/SS; its ORR is 29%. […] AlloHSCT may result in long-term remission in a subset of patients with MF/SS and should be considered upfront for younger patients in otherwise good health who are refractory to multiple therapies or who demonstrate a high-risk profile of disease with poor life expectancy.

• #48 Novel targeted therapies of T cell lymphomas | Journal of Hematology & Oncology | Full Text

  https://jhoonline.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13045-020-01006-w

  The mechanism of action of HDACi can be different; it depends on the type of cancer, the type of HDACi used, and its dose. […] HDAC inhibitors may act against all types of HDACs (pan-inhibitors) or, specifically, against some of the HDAC isoforms (HDAC isoform-selective inhibitors). […] Vorinostat was the first drug to be approved by the FDA, since 2006, for CTCL patients with progressive, persistent, and recurrent disease on or following two systemic therapies. […] The FDA approved Belinostat in 2014 for the treatment of patients with relapsed or refractory PTCL. […] Romidepsin was FDA-approved in 2009 for CTCL patients who have received at least one prior systemic therapy. […] The FDA approved panobinostat for the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM) in 2015. […] Chidamide was approved in December 2014 by the China Food and Drug Administration (CFDA) for the treatment of relapsed or refractory PTCL.

• #49 Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma: Current and Emerging Therapies

  https://www.cancernetwork.com/view/cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma-current-and-emerging-therapies

  Oral retinoids are often selected as first-line systemic therapy for patients who have failed SDT. […] As the immune system of patients with advanced-stage MF/SS is shifted toward T-helper 2 (Th2) cytokines, treatment with interferons (IFNs) may aid in restoring the T-helper 1 (Th1)/ Th2 balance. […] Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) are small molecules that block deacetylation of tumor suppressor genes and cell cycle regulatory pathways. Vorinostat is an oral HDACi that is FDA-approved for the treatment of MF/SS; its ORR is 29%. […] AlloHSCT may result in long-term remission in a subset of patients with MF/SS and should be considered upfront for younger patients in otherwise good health who are refractory to multiple therapies or who demonstrate a high-risk profile of disease with poor life expectancy.

• #50 Novel targeted therapies of T cell lymphomas | Journal of Hematology & Oncology | Full Text

  https://jhoonline.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13045-020-01006-w

  The mechanism of action of HDACi can be different; it depends on the type of cancer, the type of HDACi used, and its dose. […] HDAC inhibitors may act against all types of HDACs (pan-inhibitors) or, specifically, against some of the HDAC isoforms (HDAC isoform-selective inhibitors). […] Vorinostat was the first drug to be approved by the FDA, since 2006, for CTCL patients with progressive, persistent, and recurrent disease on or following two systemic therapies. […] The FDA approved Belinostat in 2014 for the treatment of patients with relapsed or refractory PTCL. […] Romidepsin was FDA-approved in 2009 for CTCL patients who have received at least one prior systemic therapy. […] The FDA approved panobinostat for the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM) in 2015. […] Chidamide was approved in December 2014 by the China Food and Drug Administration (CFDA) for the treatment of relapsed or refractory PTCL.

• #51 Whole-Body Medications for Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma/treatments/whole-body-medications-for-cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma

  Whole-body medications for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma may be used when skin-directed therapy does not respond. […] Whole-body medications are also an option if the cancer is found to be growing quickly when first diagnosed. […] Treatment with any whole-body medication for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma may last for many months, although the duration and frequency of therapy varies from person to person. […] NYU Langone doctors may use the immunomodulator interferon, which is given by injection under the skin, to manage cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. […] Our doctors may prescribe the oral retinoid bexarotene to treat cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. […] The enzyme inhibitor romidepsin targets and blocks enzymes found at particularly high levels in cancerous T-cell lymphocytes, helping to slow or stop cancer growth.

• #52 Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma Medication: Antineoplastics, Other, Immunomodulators, Antineoplastics, Monoclonal Antibody, Topical Skin Products, Retinoid-like Agents, Corticosteroids, Antineoplastics, Anti-CD30 Monoclonal Antibodies

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2139720-medication

  Mogamulizumab is approved by the FDA for treatment of mycosis fungoides and Szary syndrome in adults. Brentuximab vedotin is approved by the FDA for previously untreated CD30-expressing peripheral T-cell lymphomas, in combination with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and prednisone. […] The value of new therapeutic approaches to cutaneous T-cell lymphoma needs to be critically assessed with regard to overall survival and disease-specific survival. […] Vorinostat is a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor. HDAC inhibition causes hypoacetylation of core nucleosomal histones, condenses chromatin structure, and represses gene transcription. This agent is indicated for treatment of progressive, persistent, or recurrent cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. […] Romidepsin is a histamine deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor. It is indicated for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma in patients who have received at least one prior systemic therapy.

• #53 Novel targeted therapies of T cell lymphomas | Journal of Hematology & Oncology | Full Text

  https://jhoonline.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13045-020-01006-w

  The mechanism of action of HDACi can be different; it depends on the type of cancer, the type of HDACi used, and its dose. […] HDAC inhibitors may act against all types of HDACs (pan-inhibitors) or, specifically, against some of the HDAC isoforms (HDAC isoform-selective inhibitors). […] Vorinostat was the first drug to be approved by the FDA, since 2006, for CTCL patients with progressive, persistent, and recurrent disease on or following two systemic therapies. […] The FDA approved Belinostat in 2014 for the treatment of patients with relapsed or refractory PTCL. […] Romidepsin was FDA-approved in 2009 for CTCL patients who have received at least one prior systemic therapy. […] The FDA approved panobinostat for the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM) in 2015. […] Chidamide was approved in December 2014 by the China Food and Drug Administration (CFDA) for the treatment of relapsed or refractory PTCL.

• #54 Cutaneous T-cell Lymphoma: Mycosis Fungoides & Sezary Syndrome

  https://www.cancercenter.com/cancer-types/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/types/cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma

  Immunotherapy boosts or guides the patients own immune system to help it better fight cancer. Interferon is an immunotherapy, made from a substance that our body makes naturally, that may be used to treat CTCL. Injections of interferon may help strengthen the immune systems ability to kill cancer cells. […] Targeted therapy uses drugs or substances designed to attack specific types of cancer cells and cause less harm to healthy cells than chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Targeted therapy options for CTCL include brentuximab vedotin and mogamulizumab, both of which attach to targets on the cancer cells and then kill the cells. […] Stem cell transplant allows patients to receive higher doses of chemotherapy or radiation therapy, which can kill healthy blood cells along with cancer cells. With a stem cell transplant, doctors remove immature blood cells (stem cells) from the body before giving you high doses of chemotherapy and possibly radiation therapy. The stem cells are then reinjected to the bloodstream after chemotherapy and radiation therapy is complete so they can grow into healthy blood cells.

• #55 Whole-Body Medications for Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma/treatments/whole-body-medications-for-cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma

  Methotrexate is a form of chemotherapy given to people with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. […] Alemtuzumab and brentuximab vedotin are two monoclonal antibodies used to treat people with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. […] Whole-body medications may cause several side effects, including fatigue; low blood cell levels; elevated blood levels of triglycerides, a form of fat found in the blood; nausea; and diarrhea. […] Our doctors are studying the use of several new targeted medications, which home in on cancer cells and spare healthy tissue, in the treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma.

• #56 Novel targeted therapies of T cell lymphomas | Journal of Hematology & Oncology | Full Text

  https://jhoonline.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13045-020-01006-w

  Brentuximab vedotin is an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) combining CD30 mAb with the microtubule inhibitor monomethylauristatin E. […] Mogamulizumab-kpkc is a mAb directed against the CCR4 receptor, which increases antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) in CCR4+malignant T cells. […] IPH4102 is an anti-KIR3DL2 mAb that was shown to deplete KIR3DL2+cells through antibody-dependent phagocytosis and cell cytotoxicity. […] Daratumumab is the first-class mAb to target CD38+myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) and regulatory T cells currently approved as a therapy for MM. […] The phase-I trial of TTI-621 treatment provided a promising outcome for further studies. […] The phase-I trial of TTI-621 treatment provided a promising outcome for further studies. […] The presence of increased levels of soluble CD30 in the plasma of patients with HL and ALCL could raise concerns about competitive CAR binding; however, in vitro studies demonstrated that it did not negatively impact the activity of anti-CD30 CAR-Ts.

• #57 Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma Medication: Antineoplastics, Other, Immunomodulators, Antineoplastics, Monoclonal Antibody, Topical Skin Products, Retinoid-like Agents, Corticosteroids, Antineoplastics, Anti-CD30 Monoclonal Antibodies

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2139720-medication

  Mogamulizumab is approved by the FDA for treatment of mycosis fungoides and Szary syndrome in adults. Brentuximab vedotin is approved by the FDA for previously untreated CD30-expressing peripheral T-cell lymphomas, in combination with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and prednisone. […] The value of new therapeutic approaches to cutaneous T-cell lymphoma needs to be critically assessed with regard to overall survival and disease-specific survival. […] Vorinostat is a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor. HDAC inhibition causes hypoacetylation of core nucleosomal histones, condenses chromatin structure, and represses gene transcription. This agent is indicated for treatment of progressive, persistent, or recurrent cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. […] Romidepsin is a histamine deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor. It is indicated for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma in patients who have received at least one prior systemic therapy.

• #58 Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Topical Therapy, Systemic Therapy

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2139720-treatment

  Most cases of patch- or plaque-stage disease will respond to PUVA (76-90% complete responses); psoralens inhibit DNA synthesis in tissues exposed to psoralen and UV-A. […] Bexarotene is also sometimes used for disease confined to the skin. […] Treatment of stages T1 and T2 mycosis fungoides with total skin electron beam therapy is highly effective without adjuvant therapy. […] Management of relapses with local radiotherapy or a second round of total skin electron beam irradiation is feasible, timesaving, and cost-effective. […] Combination therapy with bexarotene and PUVA should be considered for patients with treatment-resistant CTCL that is refractory to monotherapy. […] The treatment of Szary syndrome should be predicated on disease burden and rapidity of progression. […] Because infection is the major cause of death in patients with mycosis Szary syndrome, one should attempt to preserve immune response, use immunomodulatory therapy before chemotherapy unless the disease burden or therapeutic failure requires otherwise, and consider combination therapy, particularly systemic immunomodulatory therapy plus skin-directed treatments, as a better option than monotherapy. […] Mogamulizumab, a CCR4-directed monoclonal antibody, was approved by the FDA in 2018 for adults with Szary syndrome or mycosis fungoides who have received at least 1 prior systemic therapy.

• #59 Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma Medication: Antineoplastics, Other, Immunomodulators, Antineoplastics, Monoclonal Antibody, Topical Skin Products, Retinoid-like Agents, Corticosteroids, Antineoplastics, Anti-CD30 Monoclonal Antibodies

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2139720-medication

  Mogamulizumab is approved by the FDA for treatment of mycosis fungoides and Szary syndrome in adults. Brentuximab vedotin is approved by the FDA for previously untreated CD30-expressing peripheral T-cell lymphomas, in combination with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and prednisone. […] The value of new therapeutic approaches to cutaneous T-cell lymphoma needs to be critically assessed with regard to overall survival and disease-specific survival. […] Vorinostat is a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor. HDAC inhibition causes hypoacetylation of core nucleosomal histones, condenses chromatin structure, and represses gene transcription. This agent is indicated for treatment of progressive, persistent, or recurrent cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. […] Romidepsin is a histamine deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor. It is indicated for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma in patients who have received at least one prior systemic therapy.

• #60 Whole-Body Medications for Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma/treatments/whole-body-medications-for-cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma

  Methotrexate is a form of chemotherapy given to people with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. […] Alemtuzumab and brentuximab vedotin are two monoclonal antibodies used to treat people with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. […] Whole-body medications may cause several side effects, including fatigue; low blood cell levels; elevated blood levels of triglycerides, a form of fat found in the blood; nausea; and diarrhea. […] Our doctors are studying the use of several new targeted medications, which home in on cancer cells and spare healthy tissue, in the treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma.

• #61 Advances in Cutaneous T-cell Lymphoma | CMAR

  https://www.dovepress.com/advances-in-immunotherapy-for-the-treatment-of-cutaneous-t-cell-lympho-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-CMAR

  This paper reviews the immune-based treatments for CTCL (mainly monoclonal antibodies and antibody-drug conjugates) that are either currently available or under investigation. […] Immune-targeted therapy has been used to treat advanced CTCL since the 1990s, starting with denileukin diftitox (DD), a recombinant protein that fuses the transmembrane domain protein (IL)-2 to the cytotoxic peptide of the diphtheria toxin. […] Alemtuzumab, an anti-CD52 antibody, was initially developed to treat chronic lymphocytic leukemia, but it was later found to benefit patients with multiple sclerosis. […] Mogamulizumab, a defucosylated humanized IgG1 anti-CCR4 monoclonal antibody, acts primarily through ADCC, but also leads to changes in the tumor microenvironment by selectively depleting tumor-residing Treg cells.

• #62 Mycosis Fungoides and Other Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphomas Treatment (PDQ®) – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/types/lymphoma/hp/mycosis-fungoides-treatment-pdq

  Treatment options for stages III and IV mycosis fungoides and Szary syndrome include the following: Photodynamic therapy, Radiation therapy, Biological therapy, Chemotherapy, Other drug therapy, Targeted therapy, Checkpoint inhibitors. […] The treatment of patients with relapsed mycosis fungoides and Szary syndrome involves the joint decisions of a dermatologist, medical oncologist, and radiation oncologist. […] Treatment options under clinical evaluation for recurrent mycosis fungoides and Szary syndrome include the following: Radiation therapy, Photodynamic therapy, Chemotherapy, Other drug therapy, Biological therapy, Allogeneic stem cell transplant, Targeted therapy.

• #63 Research | Multidisciplinary Cutaneous and T-Cell Lymphoma Research Group | Stanford Medicine

  https://med.stanford.edu/cutaneouslymphoma/research.html

  Immune checkpoint blockade such as anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody that unleashes the antitumor effector T cells that fight off malignant T cells in mycosis fungoides and Sezary syndrome. Promising clinical activity with durable responses were observed with pembrolizumab. Comprehensive translational studies are done to characterize the biomarkers predictive of clinical response or resistance to pembrolizumab. […] Novel macrophage checkpoint blockade, anti-CD47 monoclonal antibody, specifically discovered by Stanford investigators, is undergoing clinical development in solid tumors and lymphomas including cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Blocking the checkpoint (dont eat me) with the antibody allows effective phagocytosis of the malignant cells by patients own macrophages. Combination therapy with mogamulizumab (anti-CCR4 antibody) may enhance the eat-me signal and provide improved results. Stanford will be leading a multicenter trial exploring this novel combination approach.

• #64 Management of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4954104/

  In early-stage disease (IA and IB) skin-directed therapies are used including: Topical high-potency corticosteroids and emollients for localised patches and plaques. […] UV phototherapy for more widespread patches and plaques. […] Spot low-dose radiotherapy for localised stubborn plaques or tumours. […] Total skin electron beam radiotherapy for widespread plaques or tumours. […] Low-dose interferon-alfa (IFN-a) alters the immune system response and has a role in cell cycle regulation, oncogene suppression and modulation of cell adhesion. […] Extracorporeal photopheresis is a recommended first-line therapy for SS and stage III MF. […] Chemotherapy is reserved for advanced-stage disease (stage IV). […] A relatively small number of patients with refractory disease have received allogeneic stem cell transplantation. […] Some novel treatments are not currently licensed for use in the UK, although some have Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval for use in the US.

• #65 Whole-Body Medications for Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma/treatments/whole-body-medications-for-cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma

  Methotrexate is a form of chemotherapy given to people with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. […] Alemtuzumab and brentuximab vedotin are two monoclonal antibodies used to treat people with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. […] Whole-body medications may cause several side effects, including fatigue; low blood cell levels; elevated blood levels of triglycerides, a form of fat found in the blood; nausea; and diarrhea. […] Our doctors are studying the use of several new targeted medications, which home in on cancer cells and spare healthy tissue, in the treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma.

• #66 Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma treatment | Macmillan Cancer Support

  https://www.macmillan.org.uk/cancer-information-and-support/lymphoma/non-hodgkin/treatment/cutaneous-t-cell

  UVB light (a type of ultraviolet light) is sometimes used to treat CTCL. The treatment is given in using an air-conditioned cabinet containing ultraviolet lights. […] PUVA (sometimes called photochemotherapy) is mainly used to treat skin symptoms during early CTCL. It uses a drug called psoralen (P), which makes your skin sensitive to ultraviolet light (UVA). […] Radiotherapy uses high-energy rays to destroy cancer cells, while doing as little harm as possible to nearby healthy cells. It is an effective treatment for early CTCL. […] Chemotherapy may be given to help control CTCL. It is used if there are lots of tumours on the skin or if the lymph nodes or other organs are affected. […] Targeted therapies are drugs that use unique features of the cancer to find and treat cancer cells. A drug called brentuximab vedotin may be used if there are still signs of CTCL or it comes back after other treatments.

• #67 Systemic therapy of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) – Alpdogan – Chinese Clinical Oncology

  https://cco.amegroups.org/article/view/23840/22733

  Systemic therapy has a significant role in the treatment of CTCL especially advanced stage disease, which has been evolving with the addition of new antibodies such as brentuximab vedotin and mogamulizumab to previously approved medications including retinoids, and HDAC inhibitors. Some of the standard chemotherapy agents like gemcitabine and pegylated liposomal doxorubicin are tolerated well and shown activity in advanced stage CTCL. All medically fit patients with advanced disease should also be considered for allogeneic transplantation. Numerous new agents; anti-CD3 and anti-CD25 ADCs, immune checkpoint inhibitors, PI-3 Kinase inhibitors and anti-microRNA 155 are being studied by clinical trials. Identifying the patients with high-risk features in the early stage of the disease is a critical step for the development of optimal treatment strategies. Likewise, the best way to sequence or combine therapies in patients with advanced disease remains to be determined.

• #68 Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma Medication: Antineoplastics, Other, Immunomodulators, Antineoplastics, Monoclonal Antibody, Topical Skin Products, Retinoid-like Agents, Corticosteroids, Antineoplastics, Anti-CD30 Monoclonal Antibodies

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2139720-medication

  Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas are a heterogeneous group of entities. One should distinguish indolent, low-risk mycosis fungoides and Szary syndrome from aggressive HTLV-1associated adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. […] Treatment for early-stage cutaneous T-cell lymphomas includes topical therapies with or without interferon alfa or oral agents, while advanced-stage patients are treated with chemotherapy and novel agents. Multiagent cytotoxic regimens may be palliative, but they seem to lack a demonstrated survival benefit. […] Novel therapies for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma include bexarotene, which has demonstrated efficacy in advanced refractory cases of the disease. Other novel agents include the following: Interleukin-12, Pentostatin (a potent adenosine deaminase inhibitor), Gemcitabine, Histone deacetylase inhibitors (eg, romidepsin), NF-kappa-B inhibitors, Immunomodulatory therapies, Allogeneic stem cell therapy, Mogamulizumab, Brentuximab vedotin.

• #69 Systemic therapy of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) – Alpdogan – Chinese Clinical Oncology

  https://cco.amegroups.org/article/view/23840/22733

  Systemic therapy has a significant role in the treatment of CTCL especially advanced stage disease, which has been evolving with the addition of new antibodies such as brentuximab vedotin and mogamulizumab to previously approved medications including retinoids, and HDAC inhibitors. Some of the standard chemotherapy agents like gemcitabine and pegylated liposomal doxorubicin are tolerated well and shown activity in advanced stage CTCL. All medically fit patients with advanced disease should also be considered for allogeneic transplantation. Numerous new agents; anti-CD3 and anti-CD25 ADCs, immune checkpoint inhibitors, PI-3 Kinase inhibitors and anti-microRNA 155 are being studied by clinical trials. Identifying the patients with high-risk features in the early stage of the disease is a critical step for the development of optimal treatment strategies. Likewise, the best way to sequence or combine therapies in patients with advanced disease remains to be determined.

• #70 Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Topical Therapy, Systemic Therapy

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2139720-treatment

  Combination chemotherapy is generally not used in mycosis fungoides, because the infectious complications of this treatment, as well as the short response duration, outweigh the modest response rates seen in this disease. […] In highly selected patients, allogeneic or autologous bone marrow transplantation has yielded a 5-year overall survival rate ranging from 30% to 50%, with a relapse-free survival rate of 15% to 25%. […] Topical mycosis fungoides treatments, such as topical steroids, topical retinoids, topical chemotherapy, and light treatment that may be enhanced by the ingestion of psoralen, are used to induce remissions, which may be lengthy in patients whose disease is largely confined to the skin. […] A majority of patients in the patch stage will have a response, usually to class I (highest potency) steroids; steroids lyse T lymphocytes and block cytokine secretion.

• #71 Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma (CTCL) | Skin Cancer Institute

  https://azskincancerinstitute.org/sci/about/cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma-ctcl

  T treating CTCL depends on the extent of skin involvement, the type of skin lesion, and whether the cancer has spread to the lymph nodes or other internal organs. […] For mycosis fungoides, treatment is usually focused on the skin. Skin-directed therapies are useful for patch and limited plaque disease and include topical treatments such as corticosteroids, retinoids, or imiquimod (which activates immune cells), mechlorethamine gel (Valchlor), topical chemotherapy, local radiation, methotrexate, photopheresis, or ultraviolet light (phototherapy). […] Because Szary syndrome affects the entire body (not just skin), it is usually not treated with skin-directed therapies alone. Multiple treatments may be prescribed in combination to treat the entire disease. Common treatments include radiation, chemotherapy, and/or therapies such as: […] Combination chemotherapy regimens are usually only used when patients have not responded well to several single-agent therapies.

• #72 Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20351057

  Some medicines for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma are given in pill form or through a vein. Giving the medicine this way means it travels through the body and can treat the cancer wherever it is growing. […] A bone marrow transplant, also called a bone marrow stem cell transplant, involves putting healthy bone marrow stem cells into the body. These cells replace cells hurt by chemotherapy and other treatments. A bone marrow transplant might be used when cutaneous T-cell lymphoma is far along or comes back after other treatments.

• #73 Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Topical Therapy, Systemic Therapy

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2139720-treatment

  Combination chemotherapy is generally not used in mycosis fungoides, because the infectious complications of this treatment, as well as the short response duration, outweigh the modest response rates seen in this disease. […] In highly selected patients, allogeneic or autologous bone marrow transplantation has yielded a 5-year overall survival rate ranging from 30% to 50%, with a relapse-free survival rate of 15% to 25%. […] Topical mycosis fungoides treatments, such as topical steroids, topical retinoids, topical chemotherapy, and light treatment that may be enhanced by the ingestion of psoralen, are used to induce remissions, which may be lengthy in patients whose disease is largely confined to the skin. […] A majority of patients in the patch stage will have a response, usually to class I (highest potency) steroids; steroids lyse T lymphocytes and block cytokine secretion.

• #74 Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Topical Therapy, Systemic Therapy

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2139720-treatment

  Combination chemotherapy is generally not used in mycosis fungoides, because the infectious complications of this treatment, as well as the short response duration, outweigh the modest response rates seen in this disease. […] In highly selected patients, allogeneic or autologous bone marrow transplantation has yielded a 5-year overall survival rate ranging from 30% to 50%, with a relapse-free survival rate of 15% to 25%. […] Topical mycosis fungoides treatments, such as topical steroids, topical retinoids, topical chemotherapy, and light treatment that may be enhanced by the ingestion of psoralen, are used to induce remissions, which may be lengthy in patients whose disease is largely confined to the skin. […] A majority of patients in the patch stage will have a response, usually to class I (highest potency) steroids; steroids lyse T lymphocytes and block cytokine secretion.

• #75 Research | Multidisciplinary Cutaneous and T-Cell Lymphoma Research Group | Stanford Medicine

  https://med.stanford.edu/cutaneouslymphoma/research.html

  Non-myeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) using total skin electron beam therapy (TSEBT), total lymphoid irradiation (TLI), and anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) as novel preparatory regimen for patients with mycosis fungoides and Sezary syndrome. Stanford’s „protective” conditioning regimen allows patients to have long-lasting or curative results with much improved safety profile than conventional donor blood stem cell transplantation regimens. This novel Stanford regimen is now being adopted at multiple expert centers, globally. Patients referred for consideration of allogeneic transplantation will be managed jointly with our multidisciplinary group. […] Chimeric antigen receptor T-cells (CAR-T) technology equips the activated T-cells with the ability to target specific molecules on the cancer cells, resulting in super potent killing of cancer cells by super-charged T-cells. With the discovery of gene editing tools, we now are able to utilize the CAR-T therapy to fight T-cell lymphoma cells specifically without the good T-cells killing each other. In partnership with CRISPR Therapeutics, CD70 targeting CAR-T therapy in cutaneous and systemic T-cell lymphomas have been initiated.

• #76 Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20351057

  Treatments for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma include medicines, radiation therapy, light therapy and bone marrow transplant. Many treatments exist for this cancer. Your treatment plan may include a mix of treatments. […] Some medicines for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma are applied to the skin. The medicines may come in creams, gels and ointments. […] Light therapy for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma involves shining a certain kind of light on the skin to kill the cancer cells. During this treatment, you stand in a treatment area while lamps shine on your skin. The treatment often is given a few times a week for several weeks. […] Radiation therapy treats cancer with powerful energy beams. For cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, the energy beams are most often X-rays or electrons. The treatment might target a small area of cancer on the skin. Or it can be given to all the skin on the body.

• #77 Cutaneous T-cell Lymphoma > Fact Sheets > Yale Medicine

  https://www.yalemedicine.org/conditions/cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma

  Treatments include medication, phototherapy, electron-beam therapy, and photopheresis. […] Yale Medicine’s Department of Dermatology offers expert, multidisciplinary care and advanced treatments, including phototherapy for this unusual type of lymphoma. […] We have more treatments for CTCL than we’ve ever had, says Dr. Girard. Which is right for a particular person depends on how their CTCL manifests. Some treatments are used individually, while others are effective in combination. […] These all have some efficacy, Dr. Girardi says. They can often be leveraged in combination, allowing us to use lower doses of each, so we can get much less toxicity by finding the right cocktail of therapy. […] But when a patient doesn’t respond to those types of treatments, doctors may explore more aggressive options, including treatments administered intravenously, such as Istodax (romidepsin).

• #78 Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Topical Therapy, Systemic Therapy

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2139720-treatment

  Most cases of patch- or plaque-stage disease will respond to PUVA (76-90% complete responses); psoralens inhibit DNA synthesis in tissues exposed to psoralen and UV-A. […] Bexarotene is also sometimes used for disease confined to the skin. […] Treatment of stages T1 and T2 mycosis fungoides with total skin electron beam therapy is highly effective without adjuvant therapy. […] Management of relapses with local radiotherapy or a second round of total skin electron beam irradiation is feasible, timesaving, and cost-effective. […] Combination therapy with bexarotene and PUVA should be considered for patients with treatment-resistant CTCL that is refractory to monotherapy. […] The treatment of Szary syndrome should be predicated on disease burden and rapidity of progression. […] Because infection is the major cause of death in patients with mycosis Szary syndrome, one should attempt to preserve immune response, use immunomodulatory therapy before chemotherapy unless the disease burden or therapeutic failure requires otherwise, and consider combination therapy, particularly systemic immunomodulatory therapy plus skin-directed treatments, as a better option than monotherapy. […] Mogamulizumab, a CCR4-directed monoclonal antibody, was approved by the FDA in 2018 for adults with Szary syndrome or mycosis fungoides who have received at least 1 prior systemic therapy.

• #79 Novel targeted therapies of T cell lymphomas | Journal of Hematology & Oncology | Full Text

  https://jhoonline.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13045-020-01006-w

  Resminostat is an orally bioavailable pan-HDAC inhibitor specifically targeting class I HDACs. […] The response to treatment with HDACi is 30%, which is still not satisfactory. […] Romidepsin has been tested together with both radiotherapy and chemotherapy in patients with TCL. […] The safety and efficacy of romidepsin and other anti-cancer drugs have been investigated. […] Multiple HDACi are also being incorporated into hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) approaches, in both the frontline and maintenance settings in patients with PTCLs. […] The synergistic interaction between romidepsin and liposomal doxorubicin (LD) in both CTCL cell lines and primary CTCL cells was detected, and it was confirmed in the phase-I study in relapsed/refractory CTCL and PTCL. […] Antibody-based therapies became one of the most important areas of treatment strategies for TCL.

• #80 Skin lymphoma – Cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL) | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/types/skin

  If you have stage 2B or stage 4 MF, you might have a type of radiotherapy called total skin electron beam therapy (TSEBT) as your first treatment. […] For stage 3 MF you might have a type of light treatment called extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP). […] Treatment can control MF very well. But it is common for MF to relapse. […] For more advanced MF (stage 2B or above) you might have: a targeted immunotherapy drug such as brentuximab or mogamulizumab, chemotherapy, stem cell transplant. […] You might have a type of radiotherapy called total skin electron beam therapy (TSEBT) for stage 3 MF that comes back. […] You might have these a single treatment, or several treatments together: a type of light treatment called extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) – you have it on its own or with either interferon, methotrexate or bexarotene, PUVA light treatment with either interferon, methotrexate or bexarotene, a chemotherapy drug treatment, usually with just one drug.

• #81 Research | Multidisciplinary Cutaneous and T-Cell Lymphoma Research Group | Stanford Medicine

  https://med.stanford.edu/cutaneouslymphoma/research.html

  Anti-KIR3DL2 monoclonal antibody therapy in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. KIR3DL2 is highly and selectively expressed on neoplastic T cell, including transformed mycosis fungoides and Sezary syndrome. This antibody works by stimulating the patients own immune system to attack the KIR3DL2 expressing cancer cells. In the phase 1 study, patients tolerated the humanized antibody very well and experienced significant clinical benefit, especially in those with Sezary syndrome. The early promising results has led to the development the currently ongoing phase 2 pitovtal study. […] Stanford investigators have shown that low-dose (12 Gy) total skin electron beam therapy (LD-TSEBT) can be highly effective in clearing the skin disease in patients with CTCL We are exploring various combination approaches with LD-TSEBT, to not only clear lymphoma in all compartments including the blood and lymph nodes but also to provide sustaining response by partnering with immune therapies. We have successfully combined LD-TSEBT with pembrolizumab or immune cytokines such as interleukin-12. Currently, we are exploring the combination of LD-TSEBT with mogamulizumab in a clinical trial.

• #82 Cutaneous T-cell Lymphoma > Fact Sheets > Yale Medicine

  https://www.yalemedicine.org/conditions/cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma

  Treatments include medication, phototherapy, electron-beam therapy, and photopheresis. […] Yale Medicine’s Department of Dermatology offers expert, multidisciplinary care and advanced treatments, including phototherapy for this unusual type of lymphoma. […] We have more treatments for CTCL than we’ve ever had, says Dr. Girard. Which is right for a particular person depends on how their CTCL manifests. Some treatments are used individually, while others are effective in combination. […] These all have some efficacy, Dr. Girardi says. They can often be leveraged in combination, allowing us to use lower doses of each, so we can get much less toxicity by finding the right cocktail of therapy. […] But when a patient doesn’t respond to those types of treatments, doctors may explore more aggressive options, including treatments administered intravenously, such as Istodax (romidepsin).

• #83 Management of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4954104/

  Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) is an uncommon cutaneous malignancy that usually presents with patches and/or plaques, less commonly with tumours and/or haematological involvement. […] Mycosis fungoides is usually an indolent condition that can be managed with skin-directed therapies. […] Specialist multidisciplinary team involvement is vital for prompt diagnosis and optimal management. […] Ongoing trials of novel agents continue to provide hope for those with refractory disease. […] There is no cure for CTCL, so the emphasis of treatment is on clearance or improvement of lesions to produce disease remission. This aims to improve quality of life and optimise disease-free time and overall survival. The choice of treatment agent depends on disease stage. Importantly, there is evidence that aggressive therapy with radiation and chemotherapy in early-stage disease results in a worse prognosis than conservative treatment with sequential topical therapies.

• #84 Promising Therapies for Cutaneous T-cell Lymphoma Treatment

  https://www.delveinsight.com/blog/emerging-therapies-for-cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma-treatment

  Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCLs) characterized by cutaneous infiltration of malignant monoclonal T-lymphocytes is a rare lymphoma affecting around 6.4 cases per million individuals every year. Various treatment options available for CTCL treatment depend upon the severity of the disease or the stage of cancer. Currently, the FDA-approved drugs available in the CTCL market for the treatment of mycosis fungoides or Szary syndrome include Istodax (romidepsin), Valchlor (mechlorethamine), Uvadex (methoxsalen), Targretin (bexarotene), Adcetris (brentuximab vedotin) and Zolinza (vorinostat). […] Moreover, several pharma giants are working on CTCL treatment therapies, including Soligenix, Merck Sharp Dohme Corp, Elorac, Innate Pharma, Viridian Therapeutics, Sorrento Therapeutics, Bio-Path Holdings, Legend Biotech, Genzada Pharmaceuticals, VidacPharma, Bioniz Therapeutics, Otsuka Pharmaceutical, Hoffmann-La Roche, BioInvent International AB, Scopus BioPharma, Codiak BioSciences, and are working on developing effective cures for CTCL to cater to the needs of the patients.

• #85 Promising Therapies for Cutaneous T-cell Lymphoma Treatment

  https://www.delveinsight.com/blog/emerging-therapies-for-cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma-treatment

  The anticipated launch of emerging therapies such as SGX301, Pembrolizumab, Resminostat, CD11301, and EQ101 will boost the CTCL market growth in the coming years. SGX301 by Soligenix is a first-in-class photodynamic therapy that majorly overcomes the risks of already preferred PDT-UVA therapies and has received Fast-track and Orphan Drug designation from the USFDA. Pembrolizumab developed by Merck Co. is an anti-programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1) therapy that works by increasing the ability of the body’s immune system to help detect and fight tumor cells. […] Resminostat developed by 4SC AG, is an orally administered histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor that potentially represents a novel therapy for a broad spectrum of oncology indications, both in monotherapy and particularly in combination with other anti-cancer drugs. Galderma’s CD11301 has completed the Phase II study for CTCL treatment. Equillium Bio’s EQ101, formerly known as BNZ-1, is a first-in-class, tri-specific inhibitor of IL-2, IL-9, and IL-15, three inflammatory cytokines implicated in multiple diseases.

• #86 Promising Therapies for Cutaneous T-cell Lymphoma Treatment

  https://www.delveinsight.com/blog/emerging-therapies-for-cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma-treatment

  The anticipated launch of emerging therapies such as SGX301, Pembrolizumab, Resminostat, CD11301, and EQ101 will boost the CTCL market growth in the coming years. SGX301 by Soligenix is a first-in-class photodynamic therapy that majorly overcomes the risks of already preferred PDT-UVA therapies and has received Fast-track and Orphan Drug designation from the USFDA. Pembrolizumab developed by Merck Co. is an anti-programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1) therapy that works by increasing the ability of the body’s immune system to help detect and fight tumor cells. […] Resminostat developed by 4SC AG, is an orally administered histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor that potentially represents a novel therapy for a broad spectrum of oncology indications, both in monotherapy and particularly in combination with other anti-cancer drugs. Galderma’s CD11301 has completed the Phase II study for CTCL treatment. Equillium Bio’s EQ101, formerly known as BNZ-1, is a first-in-class, tri-specific inhibitor of IL-2, IL-9, and IL-15, three inflammatory cytokines implicated in multiple diseases.

• #87 Promising Therapies for Cutaneous T-cell Lymphoma Treatment

  https://www.delveinsight.com/blog/emerging-therapies-for-cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma-treatment

  The anticipated launch of emerging therapies such as SGX301, Pembrolizumab, Resminostat, CD11301, and EQ101 will boost the CTCL market growth in the coming years. SGX301 by Soligenix is a first-in-class photodynamic therapy that majorly overcomes the risks of already preferred PDT-UVA therapies and has received Fast-track and Orphan Drug designation from the USFDA. Pembrolizumab developed by Merck Co. is an anti-programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1) therapy that works by increasing the ability of the body’s immune system to help detect and fight tumor cells. […] Resminostat developed by 4SC AG, is an orally administered histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor that potentially represents a novel therapy for a broad spectrum of oncology indications, both in monotherapy and particularly in combination with other anti-cancer drugs. Galderma’s CD11301 has completed the Phase II study for CTCL treatment. Equillium Bio’s EQ101, formerly known as BNZ-1, is a first-in-class, tri-specific inhibitor of IL-2, IL-9, and IL-15, three inflammatory cytokines implicated in multiple diseases.

• #88 Novel targeted therapies of T cell lymphomas | Journal of Hematology & Oncology | Full Text

  https://jhoonline.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13045-020-01006-w

  Resminostat is an orally bioavailable pan-HDAC inhibitor specifically targeting class I HDACs. […] The response to treatment with HDACi is 30%, which is still not satisfactory. […] Romidepsin has been tested together with both radiotherapy and chemotherapy in patients with TCL. […] The safety and efficacy of romidepsin and other anti-cancer drugs have been investigated. […] Multiple HDACi are also being incorporated into hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) approaches, in both the frontline and maintenance settings in patients with PTCLs. […] The synergistic interaction between romidepsin and liposomal doxorubicin (LD) in both CTCL cell lines and primary CTCL cells was detected, and it was confirmed in the phase-I study in relapsed/refractory CTCL and PTCL. […] Antibody-based therapies became one of the most important areas of treatment strategies for TCL.

• #89 Promising Therapies for Cutaneous T-cell Lymphoma Treatment

  https://www.delveinsight.com/blog/emerging-therapies-for-cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma-treatment

  The anticipated launch of emerging therapies such as SGX301, Pembrolizumab, Resminostat, CD11301, and EQ101 will boost the CTCL market growth in the coming years. SGX301 by Soligenix is a first-in-class photodynamic therapy that majorly overcomes the risks of already preferred PDT-UVA therapies and has received Fast-track and Orphan Drug designation from the USFDA. Pembrolizumab developed by Merck Co. is an anti-programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1) therapy that works by increasing the ability of the body’s immune system to help detect and fight tumor cells. […] Resminostat developed by 4SC AG, is an orally administered histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor that potentially represents a novel therapy for a broad spectrum of oncology indications, both in monotherapy and particularly in combination with other anti-cancer drugs. Galderma’s CD11301 has completed the Phase II study for CTCL treatment. Equillium Bio’s EQ101, formerly known as BNZ-1, is a first-in-class, tri-specific inhibitor of IL-2, IL-9, and IL-15, three inflammatory cytokines implicated in multiple diseases.

• #90 Promising Therapies for Cutaneous T-cell Lymphoma Treatment

  https://www.delveinsight.com/blog/emerging-therapies-for-cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma-treatment

  The anticipated launch of emerging therapies such as SGX301, Pembrolizumab, Resminostat, CD11301, and EQ101 will boost the CTCL market growth in the coming years. SGX301 by Soligenix is a first-in-class photodynamic therapy that majorly overcomes the risks of already preferred PDT-UVA therapies and has received Fast-track and Orphan Drug designation from the USFDA. Pembrolizumab developed by Merck Co. is an anti-programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1) therapy that works by increasing the ability of the body’s immune system to help detect and fight tumor cells. […] Resminostat developed by 4SC AG, is an orally administered histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor that potentially represents a novel therapy for a broad spectrum of oncology indications, both in monotherapy and particularly in combination with other anti-cancer drugs. Galderma’s CD11301 has completed the Phase II study for CTCL treatment. Equillium Bio’s EQ101, formerly known as BNZ-1, is a first-in-class, tri-specific inhibitor of IL-2, IL-9, and IL-15, three inflammatory cytokines implicated in multiple diseases.

• #91 Novel targeted therapies of T cell lymphomas | Journal of Hematology & Oncology | Full Text

  https://jhoonline.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13045-020-01006-w

  Brentuximab vedotin is an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) combining CD30 mAb with the microtubule inhibitor monomethylauristatin E. […] Mogamulizumab-kpkc is a mAb directed against the CCR4 receptor, which increases antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) in CCR4+malignant T cells. […] IPH4102 is an anti-KIR3DL2 mAb that was shown to deplete KIR3DL2+cells through antibody-dependent phagocytosis and cell cytotoxicity. […] Daratumumab is the first-class mAb to target CD38+myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) and regulatory T cells currently approved as a therapy for MM. […] The phase-I trial of TTI-621 treatment provided a promising outcome for further studies. […] The phase-I trial of TTI-621 treatment provided a promising outcome for further studies. […] The presence of increased levels of soluble CD30 in the plasma of patients with HL and ALCL could raise concerns about competitive CAR binding; however, in vitro studies demonstrated that it did not negatively impact the activity of anti-CD30 CAR-Ts.

• #92 Research | Multidisciplinary Cutaneous and T-Cell Lymphoma Research Group | Stanford Medicine

  https://med.stanford.edu/cutaneouslymphoma/research.html

  Non-myeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) using total skin electron beam therapy (TSEBT), total lymphoid irradiation (TLI), and anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) as novel preparatory regimen for patients with mycosis fungoides and Sezary syndrome. Stanford’s „protective” conditioning regimen allows patients to have long-lasting or curative results with much improved safety profile than conventional donor blood stem cell transplantation regimens. This novel Stanford regimen is now being adopted at multiple expert centers, globally. Patients referred for consideration of allogeneic transplantation will be managed jointly with our multidisciplinary group. […] Chimeric antigen receptor T-cells (CAR-T) technology equips the activated T-cells with the ability to target specific molecules on the cancer cells, resulting in super potent killing of cancer cells by super-charged T-cells. With the discovery of gene editing tools, we now are able to utilize the CAR-T therapy to fight T-cell lymphoma cells specifically without the good T-cells killing each other. In partnership with CRISPR Therapeutics, CD70 targeting CAR-T therapy in cutaneous and systemic T-cell lymphomas have been initiated.

• #93 Research | Multidisciplinary Cutaneous and T-Cell Lymphoma Research Group | Stanford Medicine

  https://med.stanford.edu/cutaneouslymphoma/research.html

  Immune checkpoint blockade such as anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody that unleashes the antitumor effector T cells that fight off malignant T cells in mycosis fungoides and Sezary syndrome. Promising clinical activity with durable responses were observed with pembrolizumab. Comprehensive translational studies are done to characterize the biomarkers predictive of clinical response or resistance to pembrolizumab. […] Novel macrophage checkpoint blockade, anti-CD47 monoclonal antibody, specifically discovered by Stanford investigators, is undergoing clinical development in solid tumors and lymphomas including cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Blocking the checkpoint (dont eat me) with the antibody allows effective phagocytosis of the malignant cells by patients own macrophages. Combination therapy with mogamulizumab (anti-CCR4 antibody) may enhance the eat-me signal and provide improved results. Stanford will be leading a multicenter trial exploring this novel combination approach.

• #94 Research | Multidisciplinary Cutaneous and T-Cell Lymphoma Research Group | Stanford Medicine

  https://med.stanford.edu/cutaneouslymphoma/research.html

  Anti-KIR3DL2 monoclonal antibody therapy in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. KIR3DL2 is highly and selectively expressed on neoplastic T cell, including transformed mycosis fungoides and Sezary syndrome. This antibody works by stimulating the patients own immune system to attack the KIR3DL2 expressing cancer cells. In the phase 1 study, patients tolerated the humanized antibody very well and experienced significant clinical benefit, especially in those with Sezary syndrome. The early promising results has led to the development the currently ongoing phase 2 pitovtal study. […] Stanford investigators have shown that low-dose (12 Gy) total skin electron beam therapy (LD-TSEBT) can be highly effective in clearing the skin disease in patients with CTCL We are exploring various combination approaches with LD-TSEBT, to not only clear lymphoma in all compartments including the blood and lymph nodes but also to provide sustaining response by partnering with immune therapies. We have successfully combined LD-TSEBT with pembrolizumab or immune cytokines such as interleukin-12. Currently, we are exploring the combination of LD-TSEBT with mogamulizumab in a clinical trial.

• #95 Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma: Diagnosis & treatment

  https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/a-z/ctcl-treatment

  To destroy cancer cells found in the skin, you may need to apply medication to your skin, have radiation therapy, or get light treatments. Some patients receive a combination of these treatments. […] Radiation therapy is used to kill cancer cells and shrink tumors. It’s often part of a treatment plan for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. […] Several of these medications are used to treat the different types of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. […] If the cancer has advanced, a clinical trial may be your preferred treatment. […] Your doctor may recommend this treatment to remove tumors or other growths on your skin. […] This treatment is also called a hematopoietic stem cell transplant or bone marrow transplant. […] If you have an early-stage, slowly growing type of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma like mycosis fungoides, the best approach may be to watch it rather than treat it. […] If you’ve been diagnosed with CTCL, you may see a dermatologist for skin problems caused by treatment. […] Your dermatologist can relieve the itch by prescribing medication that you apply to your skin, wet dressings, or an antihistamine.

• #96 Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Topical Therapy, Systemic Therapy

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2139720-treatment

  Clinicians should encourage the use of supportive treatments to decrease pruritus and to lubricate the skin in patients with mycosis fungoides. Nonspecific antipruritic treatments are useful and often necessary adjuncts to more specific therapies. Patients should avoid sun exposure and should remain in a cool environment. […] Localized mycosis fungoides may benefit from a number of therapeutic modalities, including radiotherapy, intralesional steroids, or surgical excision. In early-stage cutaneous disease, complete remission rates of 80-90% have been reported with ultraviolet (UV) light therapy; narrowband UVB is recommended for patches/thin plaques, while psoralen and UVA (PUVA) is recommended for thicker plaques. […] One option is to excise a patch or plaque with a 0.5-cm margin and then control subsequent disease using one of the following treatment modalities: irradiation, PUVA, photodynamic therapy, carbon dioxide laser surgery.

• #97 Treatments for skin lymphoma | Lymphoma Action

  https://lymphoma-action.org.uk/types-lymphoma-skin-lymphoma/treatments-skin-lymphoma

  Topical treatments include: emollients (moisturising creams, lotions or ointments), topical steroids, topical chemotherapy, other topical treatments. […] Topical steroids are safe if used carefully. If you use them for a long time, particularly the more potent ones, you may get side effects such as thinning of the skin, dilated (widened) blood vessels or an acne-like rash. […] Topical chemotherapy drugs kill cells that are dividing rapidly, such as cancer cells. In early-stage skin lymphomas some chemotherapy drugs can be applied directly to the skin as gels. […] Chlormethine (also known as mechlorethamine or nitrogen mustard) is a topical chemotherapy that has been used to treat skin lymphoma for over 50 years. […] Fluorouracil (also known as Efudix) is a chemotherapy cream that is used to treat some types of skin cancer and pre-cancerous skin conditions. Studies suggest it may help some people with skin lymphoma.

• #98 Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma: Diagnosis & treatment

  https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/a-z/ctcl-treatment

  To destroy cancer cells found in the skin, you may need to apply medication to your skin, have radiation therapy, or get light treatments. Some patients receive a combination of these treatments. […] Radiation therapy is used to kill cancer cells and shrink tumors. It’s often part of a treatment plan for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. […] Several of these medications are used to treat the different types of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. […] If the cancer has advanced, a clinical trial may be your preferred treatment. […] Your doctor may recommend this treatment to remove tumors or other growths on your skin. […] This treatment is also called a hematopoietic stem cell transplant or bone marrow transplant. […] If you have an early-stage, slowly growing type of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma like mycosis fungoides, the best approach may be to watch it rather than treat it. […] If you’ve been diagnosed with CTCL, you may see a dermatologist for skin problems caused by treatment. […] Your dermatologist can relieve the itch by prescribing medication that you apply to your skin, wet dressings, or an antihistamine.

• #99 Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma: Diagnosis & treatment

  https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/a-z/ctcl-treatment

  To destroy cancer cells found in the skin, you may need to apply medication to your skin, have radiation therapy, or get light treatments. Some patients receive a combination of these treatments. […] Radiation therapy is used to kill cancer cells and shrink tumors. It’s often part of a treatment plan for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. […] Several of these medications are used to treat the different types of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. […] If the cancer has advanced, a clinical trial may be your preferred treatment. […] Your doctor may recommend this treatment to remove tumors or other growths on your skin. […] This treatment is also called a hematopoietic stem cell transplant or bone marrow transplant. […] If you have an early-stage, slowly growing type of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma like mycosis fungoides, the best approach may be to watch it rather than treat it. […] If you’ve been diagnosed with CTCL, you may see a dermatologist for skin problems caused by treatment. […] Your dermatologist can relieve the itch by prescribing medication that you apply to your skin, wet dressings, or an antihistamine.

• #100 Novel targeted therapies of T cell lymphomas | Journal of Hematology & Oncology | Full Text

  https://jhoonline.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13045-020-01006-w

  ALK+ALCL patients treated with the first-generation ALK inhibitor crizotinib have yielded remarkably positive results, particularly in the pediatric population. […] A phase 1b study of ceritinib was conducted in patients with ALK+ALCL. […] The selective Bcl11b dependence of transformed T cells makes it an attractive target for novel therapeutic strategies directed against T-ALL and TCLs. […] Due to the progressive immunodeficiency and skin barrier breakdown, bacterial infections constitute a major clinical problem in patients with CTCLs. […] Recently, Lindahl et al proposed a new therapeutic strategy for CTCL patients colonized by S.aureus. […] Currently, two clinical trials are examining the efficacy of doxycycline antibiotic treatment alone or in combination with other drugs in CTCL patients. […] In contrast to tremendous improvement in the treatment of B cell lymphomas, advances in T cell lymphomas have been hindered by the rarity of each individual subtype, an incomplete understanding of the pathophysiology, and a lack of large clinical trials.

• #101 Management of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4954104/

  Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) is an uncommon cutaneous malignancy that usually presents with patches and/or plaques, less commonly with tumours and/or haematological involvement. […] Mycosis fungoides is usually an indolent condition that can be managed with skin-directed therapies. […] Specialist multidisciplinary team involvement is vital for prompt diagnosis and optimal management. […] Ongoing trials of novel agents continue to provide hope for those with refractory disease. […] There is no cure for CTCL, so the emphasis of treatment is on clearance or improvement of lesions to produce disease remission. This aims to improve quality of life and optimise disease-free time and overall survival. The choice of treatment agent depends on disease stage. Importantly, there is evidence that aggressive therapy with radiation and chemotherapy in early-stage disease results in a worse prognosis than conservative treatment with sequential topical therapies.

• #102 Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma: Diagnosis & treatment

  https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/a-z/ctcl-treatment

  Treatment depends on the type of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma you have and the stage of the cancer. […] Found early, cutaneous T-cell lymphoma is generally not deadly. With proper treatment, many people live long lives and living with this cancer is more like having a chronic disease that you need to manage. […] Patients who have an early-stage cancer may receive treatment from a dermatologist and sometimes a radiation oncologist (doctor who specializes in treating cancer with radiation). […] The goal of treatment is usually to achieve one of the following: Reduce symptoms (aka symptom control): The goal of this type of treatment is to help you feel better without compromising your quality of life. […] A treatment plan for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma may include one or more of the following types of treatment.

• #103 Cutaneous Lymphoma | Diagnosis and Treatment | University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center

  https://www.rogelcancercenter.org/lymphoma/cutaneous-lymphoma

  Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) is the most common type of cutaneous lymphoma. […] Cutaneous Lymphoma is treated by the University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center’s oncologists, using a team approach to care. Patients have their disease discussed not only by our dermatologist oncologists and hematologist oncologists, but also by radiation oncologists, surgical oncologists, registered nurses and social workers. By having everyone involved, a personalized treatment plan is developed. In most cases, this discussion happens the same day as the appointment.

• #104 Cutaneous T-cell Lymphoma > Fact Sheets > Yale Medicine

  https://www.yalemedicine.org/conditions/cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma

  Treatment of CTCL can help to keep symptoms to a minimum, and even lead to remission. But the disease can recur, and treatments may need to be explored again. […] In general we don’t think we’re curing anyone with a lot of these treatments, Dr. Girardi says. We’re just keeping the cells to a minimum and helping as best we can to prevent them from growing and traveling. Patients need to be watched closely over many years. […] Yale Medicine’s Department of Dermatology offers a wide range of treatments for CTCL in one convenient location. […] Another important advantage Yale Medicine offers is an interdisciplinary approach that provides a level of care few, if any, other centers can match.

• #105 Systemic therapy of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) – Alpdogan – Chinese Clinical Oncology

  https://cco.amegroups.org/article/view/23840/22733

  Systemic therapy has a significant role in the treatment of CTCL especially advanced stage disease, which has been evolving with the addition of new antibodies such as brentuximab vedotin and mogamulizumab to previously approved medications including retinoids, and HDAC inhibitors. Some of the standard chemotherapy agents like gemcitabine and pegylated liposomal doxorubicin are tolerated well and shown activity in advanced stage CTCL. All medically fit patients with advanced disease should also be considered for allogeneic transplantation. Numerous new agents; anti-CD3 and anti-CD25 ADCs, immune checkpoint inhibitors, PI-3 Kinase inhibitors and anti-microRNA 155 are being studied by clinical trials. Identifying the patients with high-risk features in the early stage of the disease is a critical step for the development of optimal treatment strategies. Likewise, the best way to sequence or combine therapies in patients with advanced disease remains to be determined.

• #106 Cutaneous T-cell Lymphoma: Mycosis Fungoides & Sezary Syndrome

  https://www.cancercenter.com/cancer-types/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/types/cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma

  Existing treatment for CTCL rarely leads to scans that show no evidence of disease, but it may be especially helpful at managing symptoms. Its important to know that advanced-stage mycosis fungoides and Szary syndrome tend to have worse outcomes, but treatment may help patients live longer and have good quality of life. […] New treatments for CTCL are being tested and refined in clinical trials. Clinical trials may offer patients access to emerging treatments that may become standard in the future. If appropriate, your doctor will be able to provide more information on clinical trials that may be a good fit for you.

• #107 Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma: Overview

  https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/a-z/ctcl-overview

  Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma can show up on the skin in many ways. […] More than half the people who develop cutaneous T-cell lymphoma have mycosis fungoides. Its a slow growing cancer, so its very treatable and manageable. […] Treatment can help prevent mycosis fungoides from spreading and reduce symptoms, which means minimal disruption to a persons life. […] With ongoing care, many people live for decades with minimal disruption to their lives. […] Treatment may put the cancer in remission. This means that the person has fewer signs or symptoms. Some patients have a complete remission, which means they no longer have signs or symptoms of CTCL. […] For most people, the cancer goes into remission and returns. […] If you are diagnosed with CTCL, the NCCN recommends getting treatment at a treatment center with expertise in treating the type of CTCL that you have.

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