Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Shaken Baby Syndrome (Abusive Head Trauma): Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/13779-shaken-baby-syndrome

  Shaken baby syndrome is a type of brain injury that occurs when a baby or toddler is shaken violently. This can cause swelling, bruising and bleeding in and around their brain. Shaken baby syndrome may damage a childs eyes, neck and spine as well. Another name for the condition is abusive head trauma. […] Shaken baby syndrome most often happens when a parent or other caregiver becomes frustrated or angry because of a babys crying. It can occur from as little as 5 seconds of shaking. The resulting injuries can lead to brain damage, permanent disabilities and death. […] Signs of shaken baby syndrome may appear immediately after the child has been shaken. The signs typically reach their peak within four to six hours. Some symptoms show up right away, but shaken baby syndrome symptoms may not appear until later in life. Some children may have attention and behavior problems later in life from being shaken when they were infants.

• #2 Shaken baby syndrome: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/007578.htm

  Shaken baby syndrome is a severe form of child abuse caused by violently shaking an infant or child. […] Shaken baby syndrome can occur from as little as 5 seconds of shaking. […] Shaken baby injuries most often occur in children younger than 2 years old, but may be seen in children up to 5 years old. […] When an infant or toddler is shaken, the brain bounces back and forth against the skull. This can cause bruising of the brain (cerebral contusion), swelling, pressure, and bleeding in the brain. The large veins along the outside of the brain may tear, leading to further bleeding, swelling, and increased pressure. This can easily cause permanent brain damage or death. […] The symptoms can vary, ranging from mild to severe. They may include: Convulsions (seizures), Decreased alertness, Extreme irritability or other changes in behavior, Lethargy, sleepiness, not smiling, Loss of consciousness, Loss of vision, No breathing, Pale or bluish skin, Poor feeding, lack of appetite, Vomiting.

• #3 Shaken baby syndrome: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/shaken-baby-syndrome

  Shaken baby syndrome is a severe form of child abuse caused by violently shaking an infant or child. […] Shaken baby syndrome can occur from as little as 5 seconds of shaking. […] Shaken baby injuries most often occur in children younger than 2 years old, but may be seen in children up to 5 years old. […] When an infant or toddler is shaken, the brain bounces back and forth against the skull. This can cause bruising of the brain (cerebral contusion), swelling, pressure, and bleeding in the brain. […] The symptoms can vary, ranging from mild to severe. They may include: Convulsions (seizures), Decreased alertness, Extreme irritability or other changes in behavior, Lethargy, sleepiness, not smiling, Loss of consciousness, Loss of vision, No breathing, Pale or bluish skin, Poor feeding, lack of appetite, Vomiting. […] There may not be any physical signs of injury, such as bruising, bleeding, or swelling. […] An eye doctor may find bleeding behind the baby’s eye or retinal detachment.

• #4 Shaken baby syndrome: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/007578.htm

  Shaken baby syndrome is a severe form of child abuse caused by violently shaking an infant or child. […] Shaken baby syndrome can occur from as little as 5 seconds of shaking. […] Shaken baby injuries most often occur in children younger than 2 years old, but may be seen in children up to 5 years old. […] When an infant or toddler is shaken, the brain bounces back and forth against the skull. This can cause bruising of the brain (cerebral contusion), swelling, pressure, and bleeding in the brain. The large veins along the outside of the brain may tear, leading to further bleeding, swelling, and increased pressure. This can easily cause permanent brain damage or death. […] The symptoms can vary, ranging from mild to severe. They may include: Convulsions (seizures), Decreased alertness, Extreme irritability or other changes in behavior, Lethargy, sleepiness, not smiling, Loss of consciousness, Loss of vision, No breathing, Pale or bluish skin, Poor feeding, lack of appetite, Vomiting.

• #5

  https://www.nuhs.edu.sg/patient-care/find-a-condition/shaken-baby-syndrome

  Shaken Baby Syndrome refers to the type of traumatic brain injury inflicted on a baby when he or she is forcefully shaken and occurs for the following reasons. As a baby’s neck muscles are still not well developed and provides little support for their relatively large, heavy head, violent shaking causes the baby’s head to rotate uncontrollably. This causes the fragile brain to bounce back and forth within the skull resulting in rupturing of blood vessels and nerves throughout the brain and tearing of the brain tissue. The end result is bruising, swelling, bleeding of the brain and increased pressure within the skull which can lead to permanent, severe brain damage or death. […] The initial symptoms of Shaken Baby Syndromes tend to be non-specific some of which are as follows: Poor feeding/eating, Vomiting, Lethargy, Irritability, Difficulty breathing, Seizures, Coma, Cardiopulmonary arrest.

• #6 Shaken Baby Syndrome – AANS

  https://www.aans.org/patients/conditions-treatments/shaken-baby-syndrome/

  Shaken Baby Syndrome (also known as Shaken Impact Syndrome) is a serious form of abuse inflicted upon a child. […] Symptoms vary and are caused by generalized brain swelling secondary to trauma. They may appear immediately after the shaking and usually reach a peak within 4-6 hours. The following signs and symptoms may indicate shaken baby syndrome: Altered level of consciousness, Drowsiness accompanied by irritability, Coma, Convulsions or seizures, Dilated pupils that do not respond to light, Decreased appetite, Vomiting, Posture in which the head is bent back and the back arched, Breathing problems and irregularities, Abnormally slow and shallow respiration, Cardiac arrest, Death. […] The prognosis for victims of shaken baby syndrome varies with the severity of injury but generally is poor. Many cases are fatal or lead to severe neurological deficits. Death is usually caused by uncontrollable increased intracranial pressure from cerebral edema, bleeding within the brain or tears in the brain tissue. However, even babies with injuries that appear to be mild may show developmental difficulties. Typically, surviving babies with this syndrome may develop any of the following disabilities: Cerebral palsy, Paralysis, Vision loss or blindness, Intellectual disability, Epilepsy, Seizures.

• #7 Shaken baby syndrome

  https://www.babycenter.com/health/safety-and-childproofing/shaken-baby-syndrome_1501729

  Shaken baby syndrome is when an adult violently shakes a child, causing serious brain injury. […] Symptoms vary but are caused by brain swelling. They may appear immediately after the shaking and usually reach a peak within 4 to 6 hours. […] In the most severe cases, a baby will have seizures or not be able to wake up. In less severe cases, a shaken child may have seizures or may: Move less than usual, Be cranky and hard to comfort, Throw up, Have trouble sucking or swallowing, Eat less than usual, Not smile or coo, Seem stiff, Have trouble breathing, Have skin that looks blue, Have pupils that aren’t the same size, Be unable to lift their head, Have trouble focusing their eyes or tracking movement. […] If you suspect your child is suffering from shaken baby syndrome, call 911 right away. Every moment counts in terms of minimizing the damage from a baby’s head injury.

• #8

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=hw169815

  Abusive head trauma may also be called shaken baby syndrome. […] Symptoms vary among children based on how old they are, how often they’ve been abused, how long they were abused each time, and how much force was used. […] A child with more severe injuries may have symptoms such as: Seizures. A slow heartbeat. Trouble hearing. Bleeding inside one or both eyes. […] Symptoms can start quickly, especially in a badly injured child. Other times, it may take a few days for brain swelling to cause symptoms. […] It is important to get help if something doesn’t seem right with your baby. Abusive head trauma may cause only mild symptoms at first, but any head injury in a young child can be dangerous.

• #9 Shaken Baby Syndrome – AANS

  https://www.aans.org/patients/conditions-treatments/shaken-baby-syndrome/

  Shaken Baby Syndrome (also known as Shaken Impact Syndrome) is a serious form of abuse inflicted upon a child. […] Symptoms vary and are caused by generalized brain swelling secondary to trauma. They may appear immediately after the shaking and usually reach a peak within 4-6 hours. The following signs and symptoms may indicate shaken baby syndrome: Altered level of consciousness, Drowsiness accompanied by irritability, Coma, Convulsions or seizures, Dilated pupils that do not respond to light, Decreased appetite, Vomiting, Posture in which the head is bent back and the back arched, Breathing problems and irregularities, Abnormally slow and shallow respiration, Cardiac arrest, Death. […] The prognosis for victims of shaken baby syndrome varies with the severity of injury but generally is poor. Many cases are fatal or lead to severe neurological deficits. Death is usually caused by uncontrollable increased intracranial pressure from cerebral edema, bleeding within the brain or tears in the brain tissue. However, even babies with injuries that appear to be mild may show developmental difficulties. Typically, surviving babies with this syndrome may develop any of the following disabilities: Cerebral palsy, Paralysis, Vision loss or blindness, Intellectual disability, Epilepsy, Seizures.

• #10 Shaken baby syndrome – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/shaken-baby-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20366619

  Symptoms of shaken baby syndrome may include: […] Extreme fussiness or irritability. […] Difficulty staying awake. […] Breathing problems. […] Poor eating. […] Vomiting. […] Pale or discolored skin. […] Seizures. […] Paralysis. […] Coma. […] While sometimes a child may have bruising on the face, you may not see signs of physical injury to the child’s outer body. Injuries that might not be seen immediately include: […] Bleeding in the brain and eyes. […] Spinal cord damage. […] Fractures of the ribs, skull, legs and other bones. […] Children with shaken baby syndrome often show symptoms of prior child abuse. […] In mild cases of shaken baby syndrome, children may appear OK after being shaken. But they may develop health or behavioral problems over time.

• #11 Shaken Baby Syndrome: Signs and Symptoms

  https://www.webmd.com/parenting/baby/shaken-baby-syndrome

  Shaken baby syndrome is a serious brain injury that happens to a baby or young child when its shaken with force. The impact kills the babys brain cells and keeps oxygen from getting to the brain. […] Symptoms include: Vomiting, Bluish skin, Tremors or shakes, Breathing issues, Drowsiness, Less interest in eating, Trouble sucking, No more smiling or talking, Low energy or decreased muscle tone, Extreme crankiness, Rigidity, Seizures, Not being able to lift their head. […] Shaken baby syndrome leads to long-term disabilities in about 80% of cases. It causes a traumatic brain injury, specifically what’s called a closed-brain injury. […] Thinking problems can include: Confusion, Short attention span, Memory problems, Trouble with judgment, Not being able to understand abstract concepts, Not being able to follow directions beyond one or two steps.

• #12 Shaken baby syndrome – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/shaken-baby-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20366619

  Symptoms of shaken baby syndrome may include: […] Extreme fussiness or irritability. […] Difficulty staying awake. […] Breathing problems. […] Poor eating. […] Vomiting. […] Pale or discolored skin. […] Seizures. […] Paralysis. […] Coma. […] While sometimes a child may have bruising on the face, you may not see signs of physical injury to the child’s outer body. Injuries that might not be seen immediately include: […] Bleeding in the brain and eyes. […] Spinal cord damage. […] Fractures of the ribs, skull, legs and other bones. […] Children with shaken baby syndrome often show symptoms of prior child abuse. […] In mild cases of shaken baby syndrome, children may appear OK after being shaken. But they may develop health or behavioral problems over time.

• #13

  https://www.healthychildren.org/English/safety-prevention/at-home/Pages/Abusive-Head-Trauma-Shaken-Baby-Syndrome.aspx

  Shaken baby syndrome and other forms of abusive head trauma too often results in the death of a child. It also can lead to: […] Victims of abusive head trauma may show one or all of the following signs and symptoms: […] Irritability […] Lethargy (trouble staying awake) […] Trouble breathing […] Vomiting […] Seizures […] Decreased alertness […] Coma (unable to be awakened)

• #14 Shaken Baby Syndrome – AANS

  https://www.aans.org/patients/conditions-treatments/shaken-baby-syndrome/

  Shaken Baby Syndrome (also known as Shaken Impact Syndrome) is a serious form of abuse inflicted upon a child. […] Symptoms vary and are caused by generalized brain swelling secondary to trauma. They may appear immediately after the shaking and usually reach a peak within 4-6 hours. The following signs and symptoms may indicate shaken baby syndrome: Altered level of consciousness, Drowsiness accompanied by irritability, Coma, Convulsions or seizures, Dilated pupils that do not respond to light, Decreased appetite, Vomiting, Posture in which the head is bent back and the back arched, Breathing problems and irregularities, Abnormally slow and shallow respiration, Cardiac arrest, Death. […] The prognosis for victims of shaken baby syndrome varies with the severity of injury but generally is poor. Many cases are fatal or lead to severe neurological deficits. Death is usually caused by uncontrollable increased intracranial pressure from cerebral edema, bleeding within the brain or tears in the brain tissue. However, even babies with injuries that appear to be mild may show developmental difficulties. Typically, surviving babies with this syndrome may develop any of the following disabilities: Cerebral palsy, Paralysis, Vision loss or blindness, Intellectual disability, Epilepsy, Seizures.

• #15

  https://www.boystownpediatrics.org/knowledge-center/shaken-baby-syndrome

  Shaken baby syndrome is a head trauma injury caused by forceful and vigorous shaking of an infant or young child. […] The main symptom that children will present with shaken baby syndrome is seizures. […] The other issue would be apnea, or just the stoppage of breathing, or just an incredibly fussy, irritable, unexplained irritability. […] Anywhere from 15 to 25 percent of cases end in death, so this is a cause of death with infants, in this age group. […] The ones that are fortunate enough to survive end up with long term neurological problems: often blindness sometimes, some hearing deficits, learning disabilities, permanent seizure disorder. […] Symptoms of Shaken Baby Syndrome: Seizures, Difficulty sleeping, Extreme irritability, Breathing problems, Poor eating, Pale or bluish skin, Vomiting, Paralysis, Death. […] Shaken baby syndrome has serious consequences including: Partial or total blindness, Hearing loss, Developmental delays or learning problems, Seizures, Cerebral palsy.

• #16

  https://www.nuhs.edu.sg/patient-care/find-a-condition/shaken-baby-syndrome

  At presentation, the medical team might pick up some of these additional signs: Decreased or increased muscle tone, Pallor, Retinal haemorrhages (blood pooling in eyes), Bulging or spongy anterior fontanelle, Increased head circumference, Presence of multiple bruises elsewhere on body, Poor weight gain (failure to thrive). […] It is important to see a doctor urgently if the child develops any of the above mentioned symptoms or if you suspect the child has been a victim of Shaken Baby Syndrome. […] Early medical intervention may save the child’s life but most affected children who survive tend to have permanent significant neurodisability.

• #17 Shaken baby syndrome – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/shaken-baby-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20366619

  Symptoms of shaken baby syndrome may include: […] Extreme fussiness or irritability. […] Difficulty staying awake. […] Breathing problems. […] Poor eating. […] Vomiting. […] Pale or discolored skin. […] Seizures. […] Paralysis. […] Coma. […] While sometimes a child may have bruising on the face, you may not see signs of physical injury to the child’s outer body. Injuries that might not be seen immediately include: […] Bleeding in the brain and eyes. […] Spinal cord damage. […] Fractures of the ribs, skull, legs and other bones. […] Children with shaken baby syndrome often show symptoms of prior child abuse. […] In mild cases of shaken baby syndrome, children may appear OK after being shaken. But they may develop health or behavioral problems over time.

• #18 Shaken Baby Syndrome – AANS

  https://www.aans.org/patients/conditions-treatments/shaken-baby-syndrome/

  Shaken Baby Syndrome (also known as Shaken Impact Syndrome) is a serious form of abuse inflicted upon a child. […] Symptoms vary and are caused by generalized brain swelling secondary to trauma. They may appear immediately after the shaking and usually reach a peak within 4-6 hours. The following signs and symptoms may indicate shaken baby syndrome: Altered level of consciousness, Drowsiness accompanied by irritability, Coma, Convulsions or seizures, Dilated pupils that do not respond to light, Decreased appetite, Vomiting, Posture in which the head is bent back and the back arched, Breathing problems and irregularities, Abnormally slow and shallow respiration, Cardiac arrest, Death. […] The prognosis for victims of shaken baby syndrome varies with the severity of injury but generally is poor. Many cases are fatal or lead to severe neurological deficits. Death is usually caused by uncontrollable increased intracranial pressure from cerebral edema, bleeding within the brain or tears in the brain tissue. However, even babies with injuries that appear to be mild may show developmental difficulties. Typically, surviving babies with this syndrome may develop any of the following disabilities: Cerebral palsy, Paralysis, Vision loss or blindness, Intellectual disability, Epilepsy, Seizures.

• #19 Shaken Baby Syndrome (Abusive Head Trauma): Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/13779-shaken-baby-syndrome

  Shaken baby syndrome is a type of brain injury that occurs when a baby or toddler is shaken violently. This can cause swelling, bruising and bleeding in and around their brain. Shaken baby syndrome may damage a childs eyes, neck and spine as well. Another name for the condition is abusive head trauma. […] Shaken baby syndrome most often happens when a parent or other caregiver becomes frustrated or angry because of a babys crying. It can occur from as little as 5 seconds of shaking. The resulting injuries can lead to brain damage, permanent disabilities and death. […] Signs of shaken baby syndrome may appear immediately after the child has been shaken. The signs typically reach their peak within four to six hours. Some symptoms show up right away, but shaken baby syndrome symptoms may not appear until later in life. Some children may have attention and behavior problems later in life from being shaken when they were infants.

• #20 Shaken Baby Syndrome Prevention, Children Ages Birth to Four Years

  https://www.health.ny.gov/prevention/injury_prevention/children/fact_sheets/birth-4_years/shaken_baby_syndrome_prevention_birth-4_years.htm

  SBS occurs when an adult violently shakes an infant or young child. The baby’s brain moves back and forth within the skull, which can cause bleeding within the skull. […] Shaking can cause: Permanent brain damage, Cerebral palsy, Blindness, Hearing loss, Learning behavior problems, Seizures, Paralysis (loss of the use of arms and legs), Death. […] What are the immediate signs that a baby may have been shaken? Extreme irritability (fussy), Not eating/ poor appetite, No smiling or vocalization (talking), Difficulty swallowing, sucking, or breathing, Head or forehead is larger than usual, Dilated pupils/ pupils different sizes, Baby is very stiff or like a rag doll, Vomiting, Seizures, Difficulty staying awake. […] Call 911 immediately! Emergency medical care could prevent permanent brain damage, or even save the baby’s life.

• #21 Abusive Head Trauma (Shaken Baby Syndrome) (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/shaken.html

  In the most severe cases, babies and children may come to the ER, hospital, or doctor’s office not awake, having seizures, or in shock. […] In less severe cases, a shaken child may: move less than usual, be cranky and hard to comfort, throw up, have trouble sucking or swallowing, eat less than usual, not smile or coo, seem stiff, have seizures, have trouble breathing, have skin that looks blue, have pupils (the dark spots in center of the eyes) that aren’t the same size, be unable to lift their head, have trouble focusing their eyes or tracking movement. […] Abusive head trauma often causes life-long harm to the brain and, sometimes, death. […] Babies and children who survive may have: poor eyesight or blindness, hearing loss, seizures, delayed development, problems with speech and learning, problems with memory and focus, cerebral palsy, weakness or problems moving parts of the body, problems with hormones controlled by the brain. […] If a child’s problems are mild, they might not be noticed until the child starts school and has problems with learning, focus, or behavior.

• #22 Shaken baby syndrome (SBS) Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments

  https://www.upmc.com/services/womens-health/conditions/shaken-baby-syndrome

  Shaken baby syndrome (SBS) is a traumatic brain injury that an infant can suffer after having been shaken violently. While the immediate damage is done to the brain, the lasting effects can be serious and life-long, such as seizures, learning impairments, and even blindness. […] The brain injury occurs when a baby is shaken to the point that the brain moves within and hits the interior of the skull. This impact may result in bruising, bleeding, and/or swelling of the brain. […] The are a few key symptoms that could be signs of shaken baby syndrome. They include: Bleeding in the eye. Difficulty breathing. Difficulty sucking or swallowing. Extreme irritability or discomfort. Enlarged head or forehead. Inability to lift the head. Inability of the eyes to follow an object. Paleness or blue-colored skin. Vomiting. Unconsciousness. Unequal pupil sizes.

• #23 Shaken baby syndrome – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/shaken-baby-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20366619

  Symptoms of shaken baby syndrome may include: […] Extreme fussiness or irritability. […] Difficulty staying awake. […] Breathing problems. […] Poor eating. […] Vomiting. […] Pale or discolored skin. […] Seizures. […] Paralysis. […] Coma. […] While sometimes a child may have bruising on the face, you may not see signs of physical injury to the child’s outer body. Injuries that might not be seen immediately include: […] Bleeding in the brain and eyes. […] Spinal cord damage. […] Fractures of the ribs, skull, legs and other bones. […] Children with shaken baby syndrome often show symptoms of prior child abuse. […] In mild cases of shaken baby syndrome, children may appear OK after being shaken. But they may develop health or behavioral problems over time.

• #24 Shaken Baby Syndrome – AANS

  https://www.aans.org/patients/conditions-treatments/shaken-baby-syndrome/

  Shaken Baby Syndrome (also known as Shaken Impact Syndrome) is a serious form of abuse inflicted upon a child. […] Symptoms vary and are caused by generalized brain swelling secondary to trauma. They may appear immediately after the shaking and usually reach a peak within 4-6 hours. The following signs and symptoms may indicate shaken baby syndrome: Altered level of consciousness, Drowsiness accompanied by irritability, Coma, Convulsions or seizures, Dilated pupils that do not respond to light, Decreased appetite, Vomiting, Posture in which the head is bent back and the back arched, Breathing problems and irregularities, Abnormally slow and shallow respiration, Cardiac arrest, Death. […] The prognosis for victims of shaken baby syndrome varies with the severity of injury but generally is poor. Many cases are fatal or lead to severe neurological deficits. Death is usually caused by uncontrollable increased intracranial pressure from cerebral edema, bleeding within the brain or tears in the brain tissue. However, even babies with injuries that appear to be mild may show developmental difficulties. Typically, surviving babies with this syndrome may develop any of the following disabilities: Cerebral palsy, Paralysis, Vision loss or blindness, Intellectual disability, Epilepsy, Seizures.

• #25 Pediatric Abusive Head Trauma – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK499836/

  The initial signs and symptoms of abusive head trauma include decreased interaction, lack of a social smile, poor feeding, vomiting, lethargy, hypothermia, increased sleeping, and failure to thrive. Often these signs and symptoms are mistaken for a virus or other minor illness. […] Signs and Symptoms of Abusive Head Trauma include apnea, bulging fontanel, bradycardia, cardiovascular collapse, chills, decreased interaction, decreased level of consciousness, failure to thrive, hypothermia, irritability, increased sleeping, lack of a social smile, lethargy, microcephaly, poor feeding, vomiting, respiratory difficulty and arrest, and seizures. […] The most severe cases of trauma will present with life-threatening signs and symptoms. […] The infant or child may present with mild flu-like signs and symptoms or extreme illness, including apnea, severe respiratory distress, bradycardia, bulging fontanel, decreased consciousness, seizures, and cardiovascular collapse.

• #26 Pediatric Abusive Head Trauma – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK499836/

  The initial signs and symptoms of abusive head trauma include decreased interaction, lack of a social smile, poor feeding, vomiting, lethargy, hypothermia, increased sleeping, and failure to thrive. Often these signs and symptoms are mistaken for a virus or other minor illness. […] Signs and Symptoms of Abusive Head Trauma include apnea, bulging fontanel, bradycardia, cardiovascular collapse, chills, decreased interaction, decreased level of consciousness, failure to thrive, hypothermia, irritability, increased sleeping, lack of a social smile, lethargy, microcephaly, poor feeding, vomiting, respiratory difficulty and arrest, and seizures. […] The most severe cases of trauma will present with life-threatening signs and symptoms. […] The infant or child may present with mild flu-like signs and symptoms or extreme illness, including apnea, severe respiratory distress, bradycardia, bulging fontanel, decreased consciousness, seizures, and cardiovascular collapse.

• #27

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=hw169815

  Abusive head trauma may also be called shaken baby syndrome. […] Symptoms vary among children based on how old they are, how often they’ve been abused, how long they were abused each time, and how much force was used. […] A child with more severe injuries may have symptoms such as: Seizures. A slow heartbeat. Trouble hearing. Bleeding inside one or both eyes. […] Symptoms can start quickly, especially in a badly injured child. Other times, it may take a few days for brain swelling to cause symptoms. […] It is important to get help if something doesn’t seem right with your baby. Abusive head trauma may cause only mild symptoms at first, but any head injury in a young child can be dangerous.

• #28 Shaken baby syndrome – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/shaken-baby-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20366619

  Symptoms of shaken baby syndrome may include: […] Extreme fussiness or irritability. […] Difficulty staying awake. […] Breathing problems. […] Poor eating. […] Vomiting. […] Pale or discolored skin. […] Seizures. […] Paralysis. […] Coma. […] While sometimes a child may have bruising on the face, you may not see signs of physical injury to the child’s outer body. Injuries that might not be seen immediately include: […] Bleeding in the brain and eyes. […] Spinal cord damage. […] Fractures of the ribs, skull, legs and other bones. […] Children with shaken baby syndrome often show symptoms of prior child abuse. […] In mild cases of shaken baby syndrome, children may appear OK after being shaken. But they may develop health or behavioral problems over time.

• #29 Shaken baby syndrome: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/shaken-baby-syndrome

  Shaken baby syndrome is a severe form of child abuse caused by violently shaking an infant or child. […] Shaken baby syndrome can occur from as little as 5 seconds of shaking. […] Shaken baby injuries most often occur in children younger than 2 years old, but may be seen in children up to 5 years old. […] When an infant or toddler is shaken, the brain bounces back and forth against the skull. This can cause bruising of the brain (cerebral contusion), swelling, pressure, and bleeding in the brain. […] The symptoms can vary, ranging from mild to severe. They may include: Convulsions (seizures), Decreased alertness, Extreme irritability or other changes in behavior, Lethargy, sleepiness, not smiling, Loss of consciousness, Loss of vision, No breathing, Pale or bluish skin, Poor feeding, lack of appetite, Vomiting. […] There may not be any physical signs of injury, such as bruising, bleeding, or swelling. […] An eye doctor may find bleeding behind the baby’s eye or retinal detachment.

• #30 Shaken Baby Syndrome – AANS

  https://www.aans.org/patients/conditions-treatments/shaken-baby-syndrome/

  Shaken Baby Syndrome (also known as Shaken Impact Syndrome) is a serious form of abuse inflicted upon a child. […] Symptoms vary and are caused by generalized brain swelling secondary to trauma. They may appear immediately after the shaking and usually reach a peak within 4-6 hours. The following signs and symptoms may indicate shaken baby syndrome: Altered level of consciousness, Drowsiness accompanied by irritability, Coma, Convulsions or seizures, Dilated pupils that do not respond to light, Decreased appetite, Vomiting, Posture in which the head is bent back and the back arched, Breathing problems and irregularities, Abnormally slow and shallow respiration, Cardiac arrest, Death. […] The prognosis for victims of shaken baby syndrome varies with the severity of injury but generally is poor. Many cases are fatal or lead to severe neurological deficits. Death is usually caused by uncontrollable increased intracranial pressure from cerebral edema, bleeding within the brain or tears in the brain tissue. However, even babies with injuries that appear to be mild may show developmental difficulties. Typically, surviving babies with this syndrome may develop any of the following disabilities: Cerebral palsy, Paralysis, Vision loss or blindness, Intellectual disability, Epilepsy, Seizures.

• #31

  https://www.nuhs.edu.sg/patient-care/find-a-condition/shaken-baby-syndrome

  Shaken Baby Syndrome refers to the type of traumatic brain injury inflicted on a baby when he or she is forcefully shaken and occurs for the following reasons. As a baby’s neck muscles are still not well developed and provides little support for their relatively large, heavy head, violent shaking causes the baby’s head to rotate uncontrollably. This causes the fragile brain to bounce back and forth within the skull resulting in rupturing of blood vessels and nerves throughout the brain and tearing of the brain tissue. The end result is bruising, swelling, bleeding of the brain and increased pressure within the skull which can lead to permanent, severe brain damage or death. […] The initial symptoms of Shaken Baby Syndromes tend to be non-specific some of which are as follows: Poor feeding/eating, Vomiting, Lethargy, Irritability, Difficulty breathing, Seizures, Coma, Cardiopulmonary arrest.

• #32 Shaken baby syndrome – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/shaken-baby-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20366619

  Symptoms of shaken baby syndrome may include: […] Extreme fussiness or irritability. […] Difficulty staying awake. […] Breathing problems. […] Poor eating. […] Vomiting. […] Pale or discolored skin. […] Seizures. […] Paralysis. […] Coma. […] While sometimes a child may have bruising on the face, you may not see signs of physical injury to the child’s outer body. Injuries that might not be seen immediately include: […] Bleeding in the brain and eyes. […] Spinal cord damage. […] Fractures of the ribs, skull, legs and other bones. […] Children with shaken baby syndrome often show symptoms of prior child abuse. […] In mild cases of shaken baby syndrome, children may appear OK after being shaken. But they may develop health or behavioral problems over time.

• #33 Shaken baby syndrome: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/shaken-baby-syndrome

  Shaken baby syndrome is a severe form of child abuse caused by violently shaking an infant or child. […] Shaken baby syndrome can occur from as little as 5 seconds of shaking. […] Shaken baby injuries most often occur in children younger than 2 years old, but may be seen in children up to 5 years old. […] When an infant or toddler is shaken, the brain bounces back and forth against the skull. This can cause bruising of the brain (cerebral contusion), swelling, pressure, and bleeding in the brain. […] The symptoms can vary, ranging from mild to severe. They may include: Convulsions (seizures), Decreased alertness, Extreme irritability or other changes in behavior, Lethargy, sleepiness, not smiling, Loss of consciousness, Loss of vision, No breathing, Pale or bluish skin, Poor feeding, lack of appetite, Vomiting. […] There may not be any physical signs of injury, such as bruising, bleeding, or swelling. […] An eye doctor may find bleeding behind the baby’s eye or retinal detachment.

• #34 Shaken baby syndrome – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/shaken-baby-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20366619

  Symptoms of shaken baby syndrome may include: […] Extreme fussiness or irritability. […] Difficulty staying awake. […] Breathing problems. […] Poor eating. […] Vomiting. […] Pale or discolored skin. […] Seizures. […] Paralysis. […] Coma. […] While sometimes a child may have bruising on the face, you may not see signs of physical injury to the child’s outer body. Injuries that might not be seen immediately include: […] Bleeding in the brain and eyes. […] Spinal cord damage. […] Fractures of the ribs, skull, legs and other bones. […] Children with shaken baby syndrome often show symptoms of prior child abuse. […] In mild cases of shaken baby syndrome, children may appear OK after being shaken. But they may develop health or behavioral problems over time.

• #35 Shaken Baby Syndrome (Abusive Head Trauma): Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/13779-shaken-baby-syndrome

  Shaken baby syndrome is a type of brain injury that occurs when a baby or toddler is shaken violently. This can cause swelling, bruising and bleeding in and around their brain. Shaken baby syndrome may damage a childs eyes, neck and spine as well. Another name for the condition is abusive head trauma. […] Shaken baby syndrome most often happens when a parent or other caregiver becomes frustrated or angry because of a babys crying. It can occur from as little as 5 seconds of shaking. The resulting injuries can lead to brain damage, permanent disabilities and death. […] Signs of shaken baby syndrome may appear immediately after the child has been shaken. The signs typically reach their peak within four to six hours. Some symptoms show up right away, but shaken baby syndrome symptoms may not appear until later in life. Some children may have attention and behavior problems later in life from being shaken when they were infants.

• #36 Shaken Baby Syndrome Prevention, Children Ages Birth to Four Years

  https://www.health.ny.gov/prevention/injury_prevention/children/fact_sheets/birth-4_years/shaken_baby_syndrome_prevention_birth-4_years.htm

  SBS occurs when an adult violently shakes an infant or young child. The baby’s brain moves back and forth within the skull, which can cause bleeding within the skull. […] Shaking can cause: Permanent brain damage, Cerebral palsy, Blindness, Hearing loss, Learning behavior problems, Seizures, Paralysis (loss of the use of arms and legs), Death. […] What are the immediate signs that a baby may have been shaken? Extreme irritability (fussy), Not eating/ poor appetite, No smiling or vocalization (talking), Difficulty swallowing, sucking, or breathing, Head or forehead is larger than usual, Dilated pupils/ pupils different sizes, Baby is very stiff or like a rag doll, Vomiting, Seizures, Difficulty staying awake. […] Call 911 immediately! Emergency medical care could prevent permanent brain damage, or even save the baby’s life.

• #37 Shaken Baby Syndrome: Causes and SymptomsCircleBumpCheckedFilledMedicalBookmarkBookmarkTickBookmarkAddCheckBoxCheckBoxFilled

  https://www.thebump.com/a/shaken-baby-syndrome

  Shaken baby syndrome describes a set of symptoms that result from deliberate and violent shaking to quiet baby, says Marisa McPeck-Stringham, an information and research specialist at the National Center on Shaken Baby Syndrome. It can lead to permanent brain damage and, in the most severe cases, even death. Babies under a year old are at the greatest risk for shaken baby syndrome, especially between 2 and 4 months, a stage when babies tend to cry a lot. […] Milder shaken baby syndrome symptoms include: Trouble sucking or swallowing, Decreased appetite, Changes in sleeping patterns, Extreme crying or irritability, Vomiting, Lethargy. […] Severe signs of shaken baby syndrome include: Inability to suck or swallow, Unequal size of pupils, Inability to focus the eyes or track movement, Inability to lift the head, Difficulty breathing or turning blue, Loss of consciousness, Seizures.

• #38

  https://www.nuhs.edu.sg/patient-care/find-a-condition/shaken-baby-syndrome

  At presentation, the medical team might pick up some of these additional signs: Decreased or increased muscle tone, Pallor, Retinal haemorrhages (blood pooling in eyes), Bulging or spongy anterior fontanelle, Increased head circumference, Presence of multiple bruises elsewhere on body, Poor weight gain (failure to thrive). […] It is important to see a doctor urgently if the child develops any of the above mentioned symptoms or if you suspect the child has been a victim of Shaken Baby Syndrome. […] Early medical intervention may save the child’s life but most affected children who survive tend to have permanent significant neurodisability.

• #39

  https://www.nuh.com.sg/health-resources/diseases-and-conditions/shaken-baby-syndrome

  Shaken Baby Syndrome (SBS) often presents with non-specific initial symptoms including: Poor feeding or eating, Vomiting, Lethargy, Irritability, Difficulty breathing, Seizures, Coma, Cardiopulmonary arrest. […] Additional signs observed by medical professionals may include: Decreased or increased muscle tone, Pallor, Retinal haemorrhages (blood pooling in eyes), Bulging or spongy anterior fontanelle, Increased head circumference, Multiple bruises on the body, Poor weight gain or failure to thrive. […] Seek immediate medical attention if: A child exhibits any of the symptoms mentioned above, You suspect a child may be a victim of SBS. […] Early medical intervention is crucial. However, many survivors tend face lifelong significant neurodisability.

• #40 Shaken Baby Syndrome Prevention, Children Ages Birth to Four Years

  https://www.health.ny.gov/prevention/injury_prevention/children/fact_sheets/birth-4_years/shaken_baby_syndrome_prevention_birth-4_years.htm

  SBS occurs when an adult violently shakes an infant or young child. The baby’s brain moves back and forth within the skull, which can cause bleeding within the skull. […] Shaking can cause: Permanent brain damage, Cerebral palsy, Blindness, Hearing loss, Learning behavior problems, Seizures, Paralysis (loss of the use of arms and legs), Death. […] What are the immediate signs that a baby may have been shaken? Extreme irritability (fussy), Not eating/ poor appetite, No smiling or vocalization (talking), Difficulty swallowing, sucking, or breathing, Head or forehead is larger than usual, Dilated pupils/ pupils different sizes, Baby is very stiff or like a rag doll, Vomiting, Seizures, Difficulty staying awake. […] Call 911 immediately! Emergency medical care could prevent permanent brain damage, or even save the baby’s life.

• #41 Shaken Baby Syndrome (Abusive Head Trauma): Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/13779-shaken-baby-syndrome

  Shaken baby syndrome is a type of brain injury that occurs when a baby or toddler is shaken violently. This can cause swelling, bruising and bleeding in and around their brain. Shaken baby syndrome may damage a childs eyes, neck and spine as well. Another name for the condition is abusive head trauma. […] Shaken baby syndrome most often happens when a parent or other caregiver becomes frustrated or angry because of a babys crying. It can occur from as little as 5 seconds of shaking. The resulting injuries can lead to brain damage, permanent disabilities and death. […] Signs of shaken baby syndrome may appear immediately after the child has been shaken. The signs typically reach their peak within four to six hours. Some symptoms show up right away, but shaken baby syndrome symptoms may not appear until later in life. Some children may have attention and behavior problems later in life from being shaken when they were infants.

• #42 Abusive Head Trauma (Shaken Baby Syndrome) (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/shaken.html

  In the most severe cases, babies and children may come to the ER, hospital, or doctor’s office not awake, having seizures, or in shock. […] In less severe cases, a shaken child may: move less than usual, be cranky and hard to comfort, throw up, have trouble sucking or swallowing, eat less than usual, not smile or coo, seem stiff, have seizures, have trouble breathing, have skin that looks blue, have pupils (the dark spots in center of the eyes) that aren’t the same size, be unable to lift their head, have trouble focusing their eyes or tracking movement. […] Abusive head trauma often causes life-long harm to the brain and, sometimes, death. […] Babies and children who survive may have: poor eyesight or blindness, hearing loss, seizures, delayed development, problems with speech and learning, problems with memory and focus, cerebral palsy, weakness or problems moving parts of the body, problems with hormones controlled by the brain. […] If a child’s problems are mild, they might not be noticed until the child starts school and has problems with learning, focus, or behavior.

• #43 Pediatric Abusive Head Trauma – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK499836/

  The initial signs and symptoms of abusive head trauma include decreased interaction, lack of a social smile, poor feeding, vomiting, lethargy, hypothermia, increased sleeping, and failure to thrive. Often these signs and symptoms are mistaken for a virus or other minor illness. […] Signs and Symptoms of Abusive Head Trauma include apnea, bulging fontanel, bradycardia, cardiovascular collapse, chills, decreased interaction, decreased level of consciousness, failure to thrive, hypothermia, irritability, increased sleeping, lack of a social smile, lethargy, microcephaly, poor feeding, vomiting, respiratory difficulty and arrest, and seizures. […] The most severe cases of trauma will present with life-threatening signs and symptoms. […] The infant or child may present with mild flu-like signs and symptoms or extreme illness, including apnea, severe respiratory distress, bradycardia, bulging fontanel, decreased consciousness, seizures, and cardiovascular collapse.

• #44 Shaken Baby Syndrome: Causes and SymptomsCircleBumpCheckedFilledMedicalBookmarkBookmarkTickBookmarkAddCheckBoxCheckBoxFilled

  https://www.thebump.com/a/shaken-baby-syndrome

  Shaken baby syndrome describes a set of symptoms that result from deliberate and violent shaking to quiet baby, says Marisa McPeck-Stringham, an information and research specialist at the National Center on Shaken Baby Syndrome. It can lead to permanent brain damage and, in the most severe cases, even death. Babies under a year old are at the greatest risk for shaken baby syndrome, especially between 2 and 4 months, a stage when babies tend to cry a lot. […] Milder shaken baby syndrome symptoms include: Trouble sucking or swallowing, Decreased appetite, Changes in sleeping patterns, Extreme crying or irritability, Vomiting, Lethargy. […] Severe signs of shaken baby syndrome include: Inability to suck or swallow, Unequal size of pupils, Inability to focus the eyes or track movement, Inability to lift the head, Difficulty breathing or turning blue, Loss of consciousness, Seizures.

• #45 Shaken baby syndrome (SBS) Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments

  https://www.upmc.com/services/womens-health/conditions/shaken-baby-syndrome

  Shaken baby syndrome (SBS) is a traumatic brain injury that an infant can suffer after having been shaken violently. While the immediate damage is done to the brain, the lasting effects can be serious and life-long, such as seizures, learning impairments, and even blindness. […] The brain injury occurs when a baby is shaken to the point that the brain moves within and hits the interior of the skull. This impact may result in bruising, bleeding, and/or swelling of the brain. […] The are a few key symptoms that could be signs of shaken baby syndrome. They include: Bleeding in the eye. Difficulty breathing. Difficulty sucking or swallowing. Extreme irritability or discomfort. Enlarged head or forehead. Inability to lift the head. Inability of the eyes to follow an object. Paleness or blue-colored skin. Vomiting. Unconsciousness. Unequal pupil sizes.

• #46 Robert Roberson and the controversy of shaken baby syndrome | The Texas Tribune

  https://www.texastribune.org/2024/10/17/robert-roberson-shaken-baby-controversy/

  Starting in the 1980s, shaken baby syndrome was commonly diagnosed when doctors detected what’s known as the triad of symptoms unexplained bleeding on the brain, bleeding behind the retinas and brain swelling. […] Doctors and nurses suspected child abuse and didn’t believe such a low fall could have caused her injuries. At trial, doctors testified that Nikki exhibited the triad of symptoms associated with shaken baby syndrome and Roberson was convicted. […] Since Roberson was convicted in 2002, a lot more science has emerged about the diagnosis of shaken baby syndrome. […] Starting around that time, research began to show that many of the same symptoms associated with shaken baby syndrome could also occur from short falls, as well as a wide range of naturally occurring medical conditions and accidental traumas.

• #47 Shaken Baby Syndrome: Signs & Symptoms (Video)

  https://www.picmonic.com/pathways/medicine/courses/standard/emergency-medicine-10640/trauma-38907/abusive-head-trauma-shaken-baby-syndrome_2402

  Shaken baby syndrome is a constellation of medical findings, associated with the triad of brain hemorrhage, subdural hemorrhage and retinal hemorrhage. […] Repeated shaking can lead to subdural bleeding in children. Most commonly, subdural hemorrhage is seen, but subarachnoid bleeding can also occur. Another nervous system finding in children with shaken baby syndrome is brain swelling. […] Violent or abusive shaking can lead to bleeding in the layers of the retina, which can be accompanied with papilledema. […] Shaken baby syndrome also involves the finding of fractures of the child’s ribs or bones where they have been twisted from shaking. A skeletal survey or bone scan may show fractures in various stages of healing. […] A CT of the head is important for assessing the extent of injuries in a child with suspected shaken baby syndrome. Often, an MRI can be used, as these are better for imaging retinal bleeds.

• #48 Shaken Baby Syndrome (Abusive Head Trauma): Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/13779-shaken-baby-syndrome

  Severe immediate signs of shaken baby syndrome may include unconsciousness, seizures and shock. Other shaken baby syndrome symptoms may include: Not smiling, babbling or talking. Extreme irritability. Vomiting. Poor appetite or feeding problems. Breathing difficulties. Lethargy (extreme tiredness, lack of movement and/or an inability to stay awake). Pale- or blue-colored skin. Bruises on their arms or chest. A large head or forehead. A bulging soft spot on the top of their head. Inability to lift their head. Widened (dilated) pupils. Inability to focus or follow movement with their eyes. Tremors. Coma. […] Shaken baby syndrome can cause severe medical issues, including: Subdural hematoma: A collection of blood between the surface of your childs brain and their dura (the tough outer membrane surrounding their brain). This can happen when the veins that bridge your childs brain to their dura are stretched too far, causing tears and bleeding. Subarachnoid hemorrhage: Bleeding between your childs brain and arachnoid (the web-like membrane surrounding your childs brain). Direct brain trauma: This can occur when your childs brain strikes the inner surfaces of their skull. Brain damage: Brain damage can result from a lack of oxygen if your child stops breathing during shaking. Brain cell damage: This can occur when injured nerve cells release chemicals that add to the oxygen deprivation to your childs brain. Retinal hemorrhages: Bleeding in the back of your childs retinas. Neck and spinal cord damage: Injuries to your childs cervical spinal nerves. Fractures: This may include skull fractures as well as fractures to your babys ribs, collarbone, arms and legs.

• #49 Pediatric Abusive Head Trauma – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK499836/

  A lack of external injury should suggest the possibility of abusive head trauma. […] The primary neurological indicator of abusive head trauma is altered consciousness, developmental delays, seizures, nausea, and vomiting. […] Retinal hemorrhages are usually more severe in abusive head trauma than an accidental blunt head injury. […] A subdural hematoma is a common finding in abusive head trauma. […] Rib fractures in an infant are common with child abuse. […] Skull fractures are a result of a direct force applied to the head. […] Abusive head trauma does not always present with retinal or subdural hemorrhage or traumatic brain injury. Unexplained cervical spine injuries, seizures, or fractures should also lead the clinician to consider abusive head trauma. […] The evaluation should include a review of the timeline of the signs and symptoms leading up to the evaluation.

• #50 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/Symptoms-of-Shaken-Baby-Syndrome.aspx

  Also called abusive head trauma, shaken baby syndrome (SBS) is the end result of an infant being violently shaken. It is the main cause of death or neurological injury in infants who are abused. […] The clinical hallmarks of SBS are retinal and subdural hemorrhages. Subdural hemorrhages are the most common lesions seen in SBS. The ensuing symptoms are mostly due to the increased ICP. […] Infants may present with irritability of extreme proportions, lethargy, vomiting, poor feeding, and/ or appetite, blue or pale colored skin, unconsciousness, convulsions, and coma. […] Other clinical features include bruises, tremors, increased head circumference, and bulging fontanelles (i.e. soft spots on the head). Mild symptoms associated with SBS may be so subtle that they go unnoticed or their non-specificity cause them to be overlooked.

• #51

  https://step2.medbullets.com/pediatrics/120614/shaken-baby-syndrome

  A 23-year-old mother brings in a 3-month-old baby boy to the emergency room. She reported that he seemed to have difficulty breathing and was lethargic just not himself. She denied any inciting trauma. On physical exam, he was lethargic with an unequivocal neurological exam. However, there is localized swelling on the right occiput. An ophthalmologic exam shows retinal hemorrhages. A head CT showed cresent-shaped hemorrhage. The child abuse team is consulted. […] Symptoms […] seizures […] difficulty breathing […] apnea […] lethargy […] absence of traumatic event in combination with these symptoms has high specificity for abusive head injury. […] Physical exam […] localized swelling on head […] retinal hemorrhages (60-85%) […] bruising […] may have no findings at all. […] Prognosis […] mortality rate 13-23%. […] Complications […] neuromotor abnormalities […] speech and language impairment […] seizure disorder.

• #52 Shaken Baby Syndrome (Abusive Head Trauma): Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/13779-shaken-baby-syndrome

  Severe immediate signs of shaken baby syndrome may include unconsciousness, seizures and shock. Other shaken baby syndrome symptoms may include: Not smiling, babbling or talking. Extreme irritability. Vomiting. Poor appetite or feeding problems. Breathing difficulties. Lethargy (extreme tiredness, lack of movement and/or an inability to stay awake). Pale- or blue-colored skin. Bruises on their arms or chest. A large head or forehead. A bulging soft spot on the top of their head. Inability to lift their head. Widened (dilated) pupils. Inability to focus or follow movement with their eyes. Tremors. Coma. […] Shaken baby syndrome can cause severe medical issues, including: Subdural hematoma: A collection of blood between the surface of your childs brain and their dura (the tough outer membrane surrounding their brain). This can happen when the veins that bridge your childs brain to their dura are stretched too far, causing tears and bleeding. Subarachnoid hemorrhage: Bleeding between your childs brain and arachnoid (the web-like membrane surrounding your childs brain). Direct brain trauma: This can occur when your childs brain strikes the inner surfaces of their skull. Brain damage: Brain damage can result from a lack of oxygen if your child stops breathing during shaking. Brain cell damage: This can occur when injured nerve cells release chemicals that add to the oxygen deprivation to your childs brain. Retinal hemorrhages: Bleeding in the back of your childs retinas. Neck and spinal cord damage: Injuries to your childs cervical spinal nerves. Fractures: This may include skull fractures as well as fractures to your babys ribs, collarbone, arms and legs.

• #53 Pediatric Abusive Head Trauma – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK499836/

  A lack of external injury should suggest the possibility of abusive head trauma. […] The primary neurological indicator of abusive head trauma is altered consciousness, developmental delays, seizures, nausea, and vomiting. […] Retinal hemorrhages are usually more severe in abusive head trauma than an accidental blunt head injury. […] A subdural hematoma is a common finding in abusive head trauma. […] Rib fractures in an infant are common with child abuse. […] Skull fractures are a result of a direct force applied to the head. […] Abusive head trauma does not always present with retinal or subdural hemorrhage or traumatic brain injury. Unexplained cervical spine injuries, seizures, or fractures should also lead the clinician to consider abusive head trauma. […] The evaluation should include a review of the timeline of the signs and symptoms leading up to the evaluation.

• #54

  https://www.aapos.org/glossary/shaken-baby-syndrome

  Shaken baby syndrome (SBS), also known as non-accidental trauma (NAT), is a diagnosis that may include a combination of findings including broken long bones such as arms or legs, skull fractures, brain bleeding and retinal hemorrhages. […] Most children who are victims of SBS are under one year of age, with many of them being under six months of age. […] Injuries from SBS can lead to permanent visual and developmental disabilities, or even death. […] Retinal hemorrhages often resolve without treatment, but a vitreous hemorrhage may not. A vitreous hemorrhage can quickly cause amblyopia (lazy eye) by blocking the vision out of the eye. […] Permanent damage to vision can also occur as a result of direct injury to the eye or the brain. Damage to the brain is the main reason for poor vision. […] Scarring of the retina or atrophy of the optic nerve may show up months after the injury and is usually irreversible. […] Brain injury may also lead to developmental delays, seizures, paralysis, and even death. Nearly a quarter of shaken infants can die from their injuries.

• #55

  https://www.nuhs.edu.sg/patient-care/find-a-condition/shaken-baby-syndrome

  At presentation, the medical team might pick up some of these additional signs: Decreased or increased muscle tone, Pallor, Retinal haemorrhages (blood pooling in eyes), Bulging or spongy anterior fontanelle, Increased head circumference, Presence of multiple bruises elsewhere on body, Poor weight gain (failure to thrive). […] It is important to see a doctor urgently if the child develops any of the above mentioned symptoms or if you suspect the child has been a victim of Shaken Baby Syndrome. […] Early medical intervention may save the child’s life but most affected children who survive tend to have permanent significant neurodisability.

• #56 Shaken Baby Syndrome: Signs & Symptoms (Video)

  https://www.picmonic.com/pathways/medicine/courses/standard/emergency-medicine-10640/trauma-38907/abusive-head-trauma-shaken-baby-syndrome_2402

  Shaken baby syndrome is a constellation of medical findings, associated with the triad of brain hemorrhage, subdural hemorrhage and retinal hemorrhage. […] Repeated shaking can lead to subdural bleeding in children. Most commonly, subdural hemorrhage is seen, but subarachnoid bleeding can also occur. Another nervous system finding in children with shaken baby syndrome is brain swelling. […] Violent or abusive shaking can lead to bleeding in the layers of the retina, which can be accompanied with papilledema. […] Shaken baby syndrome also involves the finding of fractures of the child’s ribs or bones where they have been twisted from shaking. A skeletal survey or bone scan may show fractures in various stages of healing. […] A CT of the head is important for assessing the extent of injuries in a child with suspected shaken baby syndrome. Often, an MRI can be used, as these are better for imaging retinal bleeds.

• #57 Shaken Baby Syndrome – AANS

  https://www.aans.org/patients/conditions-treatments/shaken-baby-syndrome/

  Shaken Baby Syndrome (also known as Shaken Impact Syndrome) is a serious form of abuse inflicted upon a child. […] Symptoms vary and are caused by generalized brain swelling secondary to trauma. They may appear immediately after the shaking and usually reach a peak within 4-6 hours. The following signs and symptoms may indicate shaken baby syndrome: Altered level of consciousness, Drowsiness accompanied by irritability, Coma, Convulsions or seizures, Dilated pupils that do not respond to light, Decreased appetite, Vomiting, Posture in which the head is bent back and the back arched, Breathing problems and irregularities, Abnormally slow and shallow respiration, Cardiac arrest, Death. […] The prognosis for victims of shaken baby syndrome varies with the severity of injury but generally is poor. Many cases are fatal or lead to severe neurological deficits. Death is usually caused by uncontrollable increased intracranial pressure from cerebral edema, bleeding within the brain or tears in the brain tissue. However, even babies with injuries that appear to be mild may show developmental difficulties. Typically, surviving babies with this syndrome may develop any of the following disabilities: Cerebral palsy, Paralysis, Vision loss or blindness, Intellectual disability, Epilepsy, Seizures.

• #58 Shaken baby syndrome – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/shaken-baby-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20366619

  Symptoms of shaken baby syndrome may include: […] Extreme fussiness or irritability. […] Difficulty staying awake. […] Breathing problems. […] Poor eating. […] Vomiting. […] Pale or discolored skin. […] Seizures. […] Paralysis. […] Coma. […] While sometimes a child may have bruising on the face, you may not see signs of physical injury to the child’s outer body. Injuries that might not be seen immediately include: […] Bleeding in the brain and eyes. […] Spinal cord damage. […] Fractures of the ribs, skull, legs and other bones. […] Children with shaken baby syndrome often show symptoms of prior child abuse. […] In mild cases of shaken baby syndrome, children may appear OK after being shaken. But they may develop health or behavioral problems over time.

• #59 Shaken Baby Syndrome: Prevention, Symptoms, and Resources for Parents | Disability Resources

  https://www.disabilityresources.org/baby.html

  Symptoms may include extreme irritability, difficulty staying awake, breathing problems, poor feeding, vomiting, pale or bluish skin, seizures, paralysis, and coma. Some signs may not be immediately apparent and can develop over time. […] Shaking a baby for as little as 5 to 20 seconds can cause severe and irreversible brain damage. The fragile brain of an infant moves back and forth inside the skull when shaken, leading to bruising, swelling, and bleeding.

• #60 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/Symptoms-of-Shaken-Baby-Syndrome.aspx

  Infants who have been violently shaken will appear clinically ill immediately following the trauma to even the most untrained eye. Mild, non-specific signs may persist for some time and may be easily attributed to other etiological factors such as colic, feeding difficulties, or an infectious illness. […] Moreover, some signs of previous injury may only become evident after recurrent abusive head trauma. These children may have chronic enlargement of the head and perform poorly in terms of achieving the expected milestones of infancy.

• #61 Pediatric Abusive Head Trauma – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK499836/

  The initial signs and symptoms of abusive head trauma include decreased interaction, lack of a social smile, poor feeding, vomiting, lethargy, hypothermia, increased sleeping, and failure to thrive. Often these signs and symptoms are mistaken for a virus or other minor illness. […] Signs and Symptoms of Abusive Head Trauma include apnea, bulging fontanel, bradycardia, cardiovascular collapse, chills, decreased interaction, decreased level of consciousness, failure to thrive, hypothermia, irritability, increased sleeping, lack of a social smile, lethargy, microcephaly, poor feeding, vomiting, respiratory difficulty and arrest, and seizures. […] The most severe cases of trauma will present with life-threatening signs and symptoms. […] The infant or child may present with mild flu-like signs and symptoms or extreme illness, including apnea, severe respiratory distress, bradycardia, bulging fontanel, decreased consciousness, seizures, and cardiovascular collapse.

• #62 Shaken Baby Syndrome: Causes and SymptomsCircleBumpCheckedFilledMedicalBookmarkBookmarkTickBookmarkAddCheckBoxCheckBoxFilled

  https://www.thebump.com/a/shaken-baby-syndrome

  Shaken baby syndrome describes a set of symptoms that result from deliberate and violent shaking to quiet baby, says Marisa McPeck-Stringham, an information and research specialist at the National Center on Shaken Baby Syndrome. It can lead to permanent brain damage and, in the most severe cases, even death. Babies under a year old are at the greatest risk for shaken baby syndrome, especially between 2 and 4 months, a stage when babies tend to cry a lot. […] Milder shaken baby syndrome symptoms include: Trouble sucking or swallowing, Decreased appetite, Changes in sleeping patterns, Extreme crying or irritability, Vomiting, Lethargy. […] Severe signs of shaken baby syndrome include: Inability to suck or swallow, Unequal size of pupils, Inability to focus the eyes or track movement, Inability to lift the head, Difficulty breathing or turning blue, Loss of consciousness, Seizures.

• #63 Shaken Baby Syndrome: Causes and SymptomsCircleBumpCheckedFilledMedicalBookmarkBookmarkTickBookmarkAddCheckBoxCheckBoxFilled

  https://www.thebump.com/a/shaken-baby-syndrome

  Shaken baby syndrome describes a set of symptoms that result from deliberate and violent shaking to quiet baby, says Marisa McPeck-Stringham, an information and research specialist at the National Center on Shaken Baby Syndrome. It can lead to permanent brain damage and, in the most severe cases, even death. Babies under a year old are at the greatest risk for shaken baby syndrome, especially between 2 and 4 months, a stage when babies tend to cry a lot. […] Milder shaken baby syndrome symptoms include: Trouble sucking or swallowing, Decreased appetite, Changes in sleeping patterns, Extreme crying or irritability, Vomiting, Lethargy. […] Severe signs of shaken baby syndrome include: Inability to suck or swallow, Unequal size of pupils, Inability to focus the eyes or track movement, Inability to lift the head, Difficulty breathing or turning blue, Loss of consciousness, Seizures.

• #64 Shaken Baby Syndrome: Causes and SymptomsCircleBumpCheckedFilledMedicalBookmarkBookmarkTickBookmarkAddCheckBoxCheckBoxFilled

  https://www.thebump.com/a/shaken-baby-syndrome

  Shaken baby syndrome describes a set of symptoms that result from deliberate and violent shaking to quiet baby, says Marisa McPeck-Stringham, an information and research specialist at the National Center on Shaken Baby Syndrome. It can lead to permanent brain damage and, in the most severe cases, even death. Babies under a year old are at the greatest risk for shaken baby syndrome, especially between 2 and 4 months, a stage when babies tend to cry a lot. […] Milder shaken baby syndrome symptoms include: Trouble sucking or swallowing, Decreased appetite, Changes in sleeping patterns, Extreme crying or irritability, Vomiting, Lethargy. […] Severe signs of shaken baby syndrome include: Inability to suck or swallow, Unequal size of pupils, Inability to focus the eyes or track movement, Inability to lift the head, Difficulty breathing or turning blue, Loss of consciousness, Seizures.

• #65 Shaken Baby Syndrome – Avoiding what can be deadly

  https://love-radius.com/en/571-syndrome-du-bebe-secoue-eviter-ce-qui-peut-etre-mortel-

  This syndrome affects more than one baby a day in France! […] Clearly, you should NEVER shake baby. There can be serious after-effects, not just death. […] At such a young age, the consequences on the child’s brain development are important and irreversible. […] Sometimes the consequences are immediate, but not always! They can appear later. […] You won’t always physically see the symptoms of shaken baby. Then watch for these symptoms that may alert you: unusual sleepiness, loss of motor skills/previously acquired skills such as holding his head or sitting up, lasting irritability, less good contact, difficulty breathing, lethargy, abnormal movements, vomiting without fever and diarrhea and for no apparent reason, eye problems, no response to stimuli. […] If you spot any symptoms or hesitate, contact emergency services by calling 999 or 112. The faster the treatment, the less neurological consequences.

• #66 Shaken Baby Syndrome – Avoiding what can be deadly

  https://love-radius.com/en/571-syndrome-du-bebe-secoue-eviter-ce-qui-peut-etre-mortel-

  This syndrome affects more than one baby a day in France! […] Clearly, you should NEVER shake baby. There can be serious after-effects, not just death. […] At such a young age, the consequences on the child’s brain development are important and irreversible. […] Sometimes the consequences are immediate, but not always! They can appear later. […] You won’t always physically see the symptoms of shaken baby. Then watch for these symptoms that may alert you: unusual sleepiness, loss of motor skills/previously acquired skills such as holding his head or sitting up, lasting irritability, less good contact, difficulty breathing, lethargy, abnormal movements, vomiting without fever and diarrhea and for no apparent reason, eye problems, no response to stimuli. […] If you spot any symptoms or hesitate, contact emergency services by calling 999 or 112. The faster the treatment, the less neurological consequences.

• #67 Shaken Baby Syndrome (Abusive Head Trauma): Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/13779-shaken-baby-syndrome

  Severe immediate signs of shaken baby syndrome may include unconsciousness, seizures and shock. Other shaken baby syndrome symptoms may include: Not smiling, babbling or talking. Extreme irritability. Vomiting. Poor appetite or feeding problems. Breathing difficulties. Lethargy (extreme tiredness, lack of movement and/or an inability to stay awake). Pale- or blue-colored skin. Bruises on their arms or chest. A large head or forehead. A bulging soft spot on the top of their head. Inability to lift their head. Widened (dilated) pupils. Inability to focus or follow movement with their eyes. Tremors. Coma. […] Shaken baby syndrome can cause severe medical issues, including: Subdural hematoma: A collection of blood between the surface of your childs brain and their dura (the tough outer membrane surrounding their brain). This can happen when the veins that bridge your childs brain to their dura are stretched too far, causing tears and bleeding. Subarachnoid hemorrhage: Bleeding between your childs brain and arachnoid (the web-like membrane surrounding your childs brain). Direct brain trauma: This can occur when your childs brain strikes the inner surfaces of their skull. Brain damage: Brain damage can result from a lack of oxygen if your child stops breathing during shaking. Brain cell damage: This can occur when injured nerve cells release chemicals that add to the oxygen deprivation to your childs brain. Retinal hemorrhages: Bleeding in the back of your childs retinas. Neck and spinal cord damage: Injuries to your childs cervical spinal nerves. Fractures: This may include skull fractures as well as fractures to your babys ribs, collarbone, arms and legs.

• #68 Abusive Head Trauma (Shaken Baby Syndrome) (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/shaken.html

  In the most severe cases, babies and children may come to the ER, hospital, or doctor’s office not awake, having seizures, or in shock. […] In less severe cases, a shaken child may: move less than usual, be cranky and hard to comfort, throw up, have trouble sucking or swallowing, eat less than usual, not smile or coo, seem stiff, have seizures, have trouble breathing, have skin that looks blue, have pupils (the dark spots in center of the eyes) that aren’t the same size, be unable to lift their head, have trouble focusing their eyes or tracking movement. […] Abusive head trauma often causes life-long harm to the brain and, sometimes, death. […] Babies and children who survive may have: poor eyesight or blindness, hearing loss, seizures, delayed development, problems with speech and learning, problems with memory and focus, cerebral palsy, weakness or problems moving parts of the body, problems with hormones controlled by the brain. […] If a child’s problems are mild, they might not be noticed until the child starts school and has problems with learning, focus, or behavior.

• #69 Abusive Head Trauma (Shaken Baby Syndrome) (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/shaken.html

  In the most severe cases, babies and children may come to the ER, hospital, or doctor’s office not awake, having seizures, or in shock. […] In less severe cases, a shaken child may: move less than usual, be cranky and hard to comfort, throw up, have trouble sucking or swallowing, eat less than usual, not smile or coo, seem stiff, have seizures, have trouble breathing, have skin that looks blue, have pupils (the dark spots in center of the eyes) that aren’t the same size, be unable to lift their head, have trouble focusing their eyes or tracking movement. […] Abusive head trauma often causes life-long harm to the brain and, sometimes, death. […] Babies and children who survive may have: poor eyesight or blindness, hearing loss, seizures, delayed development, problems with speech and learning, problems with memory and focus, cerebral palsy, weakness or problems moving parts of the body, problems with hormones controlled by the brain. […] If a child’s problems are mild, they might not be noticed until the child starts school and has problems with learning, focus, or behavior.

• #70 Shaken Baby Syndrome: Causes and SymptomsCircleBumpCheckedFilledMedicalBookmarkBookmarkTickBookmarkAddCheckBoxCheckBoxFilled

  https://www.thebump.com/a/shaken-baby-syndrome

  Shaken baby syndrome describes a set of symptoms that result from deliberate and violent shaking to quiet baby, says Marisa McPeck-Stringham, an information and research specialist at the National Center on Shaken Baby Syndrome. It can lead to permanent brain damage and, in the most severe cases, even death. Babies under a year old are at the greatest risk for shaken baby syndrome, especially between 2 and 4 months, a stage when babies tend to cry a lot. […] Milder shaken baby syndrome symptoms include: Trouble sucking or swallowing, Decreased appetite, Changes in sleeping patterns, Extreme crying or irritability, Vomiting, Lethargy. […] Severe signs of shaken baby syndrome include: Inability to suck or swallow, Unequal size of pupils, Inability to focus the eyes or track movement, Inability to lift the head, Difficulty breathing or turning blue, Loss of consciousness, Seizures.

• #71 Abusive Head Trauma In Infants: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, And Treatment | OnlyMyHealth

  https://www.onlymyhealth.com/abusive-head-trauma-in-infants-causes-symptoms-diagnosis-treatment-1719862613

  Shaken Baby Syndrome (SBS), also known as Abusive Head Trauma (AHT), is a severe form of child abuse that occurs when an infant or young child is violently shaken. This shaking can cause significant brain injury, leading to devastating consequences, including permanent disability or death. […] The symptoms of shaken baby syndrome can vary widely, depending on the severity of the trauma. Dr Gupta listed some common signs of abusive head trauma: […] Physical Symptoms: These may include difficulty breathing, vomiting, lethargy, poor feeding, seizures, and inability to lift the head. In severe cases, there may be visible bruising, bleeding in the eyes, or other signs of physical trauma. […] Behavioural Changes: Infants may display irritability, excessive crying, or a noticeable decrease in alertness. […] Neurological Symptoms: These can include unresponsiveness, loss of consciousness, or coma in extreme cases.

• #72 Shaken Baby Syndrome (Abusive Head Trauma): Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/13779-shaken-baby-syndrome

  Shaken baby syndrome is a type of brain injury that occurs when a baby or toddler is shaken violently. This can cause swelling, bruising and bleeding in and around their brain. Shaken baby syndrome may damage a childs eyes, neck and spine as well. Another name for the condition is abusive head trauma. […] Shaken baby syndrome most often happens when a parent or other caregiver becomes frustrated or angry because of a babys crying. It can occur from as little as 5 seconds of shaking. The resulting injuries can lead to brain damage, permanent disabilities and death. […] Signs of shaken baby syndrome may appear immediately after the child has been shaken. The signs typically reach their peak within four to six hours. Some symptoms show up right away, but shaken baby syndrome symptoms may not appear until later in life. Some children may have attention and behavior problems later in life from being shaken when they were infants.

• #73 Shaken Baby Syndrome Prevention | American SPCC – Definition, Signs, Symptoms & Effects

  https://americanspcc.org/shaken-baby-syndrome/

  Immediate SYMPTOMS of Shaken Baby Syndrome (SBS) include tiredness, not eating, no smiling, talking or laughing, difficulty swallowing, sucking or breathing, vomiting, difficulty staying awake, or the baby is very stiff or limp like a rag doll. […] SHAKING CAN CAUSE serious effects including brain injury, cerebral palsy, blindness, hearing loss, learning and behavior problems, seizures, paralysis, and death. […] It is estimated that 1,000-3,000 children in the United States suffer from Shaken Baby Syndrome (SBS) each year. […] ONE FOURTH of victims of SBS die, and 80 PERCENT of survivors suffer from permanent damage. […] Approximately 20/100,000 CHILDREN sustain Abusive Head Trauma annually.

• #74 Shaken Baby Syndrome Prevention, Children Ages Birth to Four Years

  https://www.health.ny.gov/prevention/injury_prevention/children/fact_sheets/birth-4_years/shaken_baby_syndrome_prevention_birth-4_years.htm

  SBS occurs when an adult violently shakes an infant or young child. The baby’s brain moves back and forth within the skull, which can cause bleeding within the skull. […] Shaking can cause: Permanent brain damage, Cerebral palsy, Blindness, Hearing loss, Learning behavior problems, Seizures, Paralysis (loss of the use of arms and legs), Death. […] What are the immediate signs that a baby may have been shaken? Extreme irritability (fussy), Not eating/ poor appetite, No smiling or vocalization (talking), Difficulty swallowing, sucking, or breathing, Head or forehead is larger than usual, Dilated pupils/ pupils different sizes, Baby is very stiff or like a rag doll, Vomiting, Seizures, Difficulty staying awake. […] Call 911 immediately! Emergency medical care could prevent permanent brain damage, or even save the baby’s life.

• #75 Shaken Baby Syndrome (Abusive Head Trauma): Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/13779-shaken-baby-syndrome

  Shaken baby syndrome is a type of brain injury that occurs when a baby or toddler is shaken violently. This can cause swelling, bruising and bleeding in and around their brain. Shaken baby syndrome may damage a childs eyes, neck and spine as well. Another name for the condition is abusive head trauma. […] Shaken baby syndrome most often happens when a parent or other caregiver becomes frustrated or angry because of a babys crying. It can occur from as little as 5 seconds of shaking. The resulting injuries can lead to brain damage, permanent disabilities and death. […] Signs of shaken baby syndrome may appear immediately after the child has been shaken. The signs typically reach their peak within four to six hours. Some symptoms show up right away, but shaken baby syndrome symptoms may not appear until later in life. Some children may have attention and behavior problems later in life from being shaken when they were infants.

• #76 Shaken Baby Syndrome: Causes and SymptomsCircleBumpCheckedFilledMedicalBookmarkBookmarkTickBookmarkAddCheckBoxCheckBoxFilled

  https://www.thebump.com/a/shaken-baby-syndrome

  Shaken baby syndrome describes a set of symptoms that result from deliberate and violent shaking to quiet baby, says Marisa McPeck-Stringham, an information and research specialist at the National Center on Shaken Baby Syndrome. It can lead to permanent brain damage and, in the most severe cases, even death. Babies under a year old are at the greatest risk for shaken baby syndrome, especially between 2 and 4 months, a stage when babies tend to cry a lot. […] Milder shaken baby syndrome symptoms include: Trouble sucking or swallowing, Decreased appetite, Changes in sleeping patterns, Extreme crying or irritability, Vomiting, Lethargy. […] Severe signs of shaken baby syndrome include: Inability to suck or swallow, Unequal size of pupils, Inability to focus the eyes or track movement, Inability to lift the head, Difficulty breathing or turning blue, Loss of consciousness, Seizures.

• #77 Shaken Baby Syndrome (Abusive Head Trauma): Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/13779-shaken-baby-syndrome

  Shaken baby syndrome is a type of brain injury that occurs when a baby or toddler is shaken violently. This can cause swelling, bruising and bleeding in and around their brain. Shaken baby syndrome may damage a childs eyes, neck and spine as well. Another name for the condition is abusive head trauma. […] Shaken baby syndrome most often happens when a parent or other caregiver becomes frustrated or angry because of a babys crying. It can occur from as little as 5 seconds of shaking. The resulting injuries can lead to brain damage, permanent disabilities and death. […] Signs of shaken baby syndrome may appear immediately after the child has been shaken. The signs typically reach their peak within four to six hours. Some symptoms show up right away, but shaken baby syndrome symptoms may not appear until later in life. Some children may have attention and behavior problems later in life from being shaken when they were infants.

• #78 Abusive Head Trauma

  https://www.nationwidechildrens.org/conditions/abusive-head-trauma

  AHT may happen when caregivers, like parents, babysitters, or other family members, get upset or angry when a baby will not stop crying. […] These are signs and symptoms to look for if you think your baby is an AHT victim. […] Early Signs: Waking them up is hard, Crying that cannot be consoled, Not eating or nursing, Looking pale or blue (color change), Throwing up (vomiting), Bruising anywhere on them if they’re less than 6 months old. Unexplained bruising when they’re older. […] Late Signs: No heartbeat, Child will not respond or wake up, Breathing problems, Seizures and shaking (convulsions).

• #79 Shaken baby syndrome: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/shaken-baby-syndrome

  Shaken baby syndrome is a severe form of child abuse caused by violently shaking an infant or child. […] Shaken baby syndrome can occur from as little as 5 seconds of shaking. […] Shaken baby injuries most often occur in children younger than 2 years old, but may be seen in children up to 5 years old. […] When an infant or toddler is shaken, the brain bounces back and forth against the skull. This can cause bruising of the brain (cerebral contusion), swelling, pressure, and bleeding in the brain. […] The symptoms can vary, ranging from mild to severe. They may include: Convulsions (seizures), Decreased alertness, Extreme irritability or other changes in behavior, Lethargy, sleepiness, not smiling, Loss of consciousness, Loss of vision, No breathing, Pale or bluish skin, Poor feeding, lack of appetite, Vomiting. […] There may not be any physical signs of injury, such as bruising, bleeding, or swelling. […] An eye doctor may find bleeding behind the baby’s eye or retinal detachment.

• #80 Shaken Baby Syndrome – AANS

  https://www.aans.org/patients/conditions-treatments/shaken-baby-syndrome/

  Shaken Baby Syndrome (also known as Shaken Impact Syndrome) is a serious form of abuse inflicted upon a child. […] Symptoms vary and are caused by generalized brain swelling secondary to trauma. They may appear immediately after the shaking and usually reach a peak within 4-6 hours. The following signs and symptoms may indicate shaken baby syndrome: Altered level of consciousness, Drowsiness accompanied by irritability, Coma, Convulsions or seizures, Dilated pupils that do not respond to light, Decreased appetite, Vomiting, Posture in which the head is bent back and the back arched, Breathing problems and irregularities, Abnormally slow and shallow respiration, Cardiac arrest, Death. […] The prognosis for victims of shaken baby syndrome varies with the severity of injury but generally is poor. Many cases are fatal or lead to severe neurological deficits. Death is usually caused by uncontrollable increased intracranial pressure from cerebral edema, bleeding within the brain or tears in the brain tissue. However, even babies with injuries that appear to be mild may show developmental difficulties. Typically, surviving babies with this syndrome may develop any of the following disabilities: Cerebral palsy, Paralysis, Vision loss or blindness, Intellectual disability, Epilepsy, Seizures.

• #81 Abusive Head Trauma

  https://www.nationwidechildrens.org/conditions/abusive-head-trauma

  AHT may happen when caregivers, like parents, babysitters, or other family members, get upset or angry when a baby will not stop crying. […] These are signs and symptoms to look for if you think your baby is an AHT victim. […] Early Signs: Waking them up is hard, Crying that cannot be consoled, Not eating or nursing, Looking pale or blue (color change), Throwing up (vomiting), Bruising anywhere on them if they’re less than 6 months old. Unexplained bruising when they’re older. […] Late Signs: No heartbeat, Child will not respond or wake up, Breathing problems, Seizures and shaking (convulsions).

• #82 Shaken Baby Syndrome (Abusive Head Trauma): Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/13779-shaken-baby-syndrome

  Shaken baby syndrome is a type of brain injury that occurs when a baby or toddler is shaken violently. This can cause swelling, bruising and bleeding in and around their brain. Shaken baby syndrome may damage a childs eyes, neck and spine as well. Another name for the condition is abusive head trauma. […] Shaken baby syndrome most often happens when a parent or other caregiver becomes frustrated or angry because of a babys crying. It can occur from as little as 5 seconds of shaking. The resulting injuries can lead to brain damage, permanent disabilities and death. […] Signs of shaken baby syndrome may appear immediately after the child has been shaken. The signs typically reach their peak within four to six hours. Some symptoms show up right away, but shaken baby syndrome symptoms may not appear until later in life. Some children may have attention and behavior problems later in life from being shaken when they were infants.

• #83 Dallas-Area Attorneys Advocate for Victims of Shaken Baby Syndrome | The Button Law Firm, PLLC

  https://www.buttonlawfirm.com/practice_areas/dallas-area-attorneys-advocate-for-victims-of-shaken-baby-syndrome.cfm

  Shaken Baby Syndrome, or SBS, happens when a caregiver violently shakes a child. According to The Mayo Clinic, SBS destroys a childs brain cells, and prevents the brain from getting enough oxygen, resulting in severe brain damage or sometimes death. When a baby is shaken, their brain moves around in the skull, causing bruising, swelling, and bleeding. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the injuries from SBS are similar to what an adult may experience from repeated car crashes. […] According to the CDC, babies less than a year old are at the greatest risk for SBS, with the highest risk being for babies who are between two and four months old. […] Since young children are unable to tell parents or caregivers what has happened to them, its important to be aware of the symptoms of SBS. They can be wide-ranging and include: Extreme fussiness or irritability, Difficulty staying awake, Breathing problems, Poor eating, Vomiting, Pale or bluish skin, Seizures, Paralysis, Coma.

• #84 Shaken Baby Syndrome – Avoiding what can be deadly

  https://love-radius.com/en/571-syndrome-du-bebe-secoue-eviter-ce-qui-peut-etre-mortel-

  This syndrome affects more than one baby a day in France! […] Clearly, you should NEVER shake baby. There can be serious after-effects, not just death. […] At such a young age, the consequences on the child’s brain development are important and irreversible. […] Sometimes the consequences are immediate, but not always! They can appear later. […] You won’t always physically see the symptoms of shaken baby. Then watch for these symptoms that may alert you: unusual sleepiness, loss of motor skills/previously acquired skills such as holding his head or sitting up, lasting irritability, less good contact, difficulty breathing, lethargy, abnormal movements, vomiting without fever and diarrhea and for no apparent reason, eye problems, no response to stimuli. […] If you spot any symptoms or hesitate, contact emergency services by calling 999 or 112. The faster the treatment, the less neurological consequences.

• #85

  https://www.nuhs.edu.sg/patient-care/find-a-condition/shaken-baby-syndrome

  Shaken Baby Syndrome refers to the type of traumatic brain injury inflicted on a baby when he or she is forcefully shaken and occurs for the following reasons. As a baby’s neck muscles are still not well developed and provides little support for their relatively large, heavy head, violent shaking causes the baby’s head to rotate uncontrollably. This causes the fragile brain to bounce back and forth within the skull resulting in rupturing of blood vessels and nerves throughout the brain and tearing of the brain tissue. The end result is bruising, swelling, bleeding of the brain and increased pressure within the skull which can lead to permanent, severe brain damage or death. […] The initial symptoms of Shaken Baby Syndromes tend to be non-specific some of which are as follows: Poor feeding/eating, Vomiting, Lethargy, Irritability, Difficulty breathing, Seizures, Coma, Cardiopulmonary arrest.

• #86

  https://www.nuh.com.sg/health-resources/diseases-and-conditions/shaken-baby-syndrome

  Shaken Baby Syndrome (SBS) often presents with non-specific initial symptoms including: Poor feeding or eating, Vomiting, Lethargy, Irritability, Difficulty breathing, Seizures, Coma, Cardiopulmonary arrest. […] Additional signs observed by medical professionals may include: Decreased or increased muscle tone, Pallor, Retinal haemorrhages (blood pooling in eyes), Bulging or spongy anterior fontanelle, Increased head circumference, Multiple bruises on the body, Poor weight gain or failure to thrive. […] Seek immediate medical attention if: A child exhibits any of the symptoms mentioned above, You suspect a child may be a victim of SBS. […] Early medical intervention is crucial. However, many survivors tend face lifelong significant neurodisability.

• #87 Shaken baby syndrome – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/shaken-baby-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20366619

  Symptoms of shaken baby syndrome may include: […] Extreme fussiness or irritability. […] Difficulty staying awake. […] Breathing problems. […] Poor eating. […] Vomiting. […] Pale or discolored skin. […] Seizures. […] Paralysis. […] Coma. […] While sometimes a child may have bruising on the face, you may not see signs of physical injury to the child’s outer body. Injuries that might not be seen immediately include: […] Bleeding in the brain and eyes. […] Spinal cord damage. […] Fractures of the ribs, skull, legs and other bones. […] Children with shaken baby syndrome often show symptoms of prior child abuse. […] In mild cases of shaken baby syndrome, children may appear OK after being shaken. But they may develop health or behavioral problems over time.

• #88 Shaken baby syndrome – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/shaken-baby-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20366619

  Symptoms of shaken baby syndrome may include: […] Extreme fussiness or irritability. […] Difficulty staying awake. […] Breathing problems. […] Poor eating. […] Vomiting. […] Pale or discolored skin. […] Seizures. […] Paralysis. […] Coma. […] While sometimes a child may have bruising on the face, you may not see signs of physical injury to the child’s outer body. Injuries that might not be seen immediately include: […] Bleeding in the brain and eyes. […] Spinal cord damage. […] Fractures of the ribs, skull, legs and other bones. […] Children with shaken baby syndrome often show symptoms of prior child abuse. […] In mild cases of shaken baby syndrome, children may appear OK after being shaken. But they may develop health or behavioral problems over time.

• #89 Shaken baby syndrome: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/007578.htm

  There may not be any physical signs of injury, such as bruising, bleeding, or swelling. In some cases, the condition can be difficult to diagnose and may not be found during an office visit. However, rib fractures are common and can be seen on x-rays. […] An eye doctor may find bleeding behind the baby’s eye or retinal detachment. There are, however, other causes of bleeding behind the eye and they should be ruled out before diagnosing shaken baby syndrome. Other factors must be considered.

• #90 Shaken Baby Syndrome (Abusive Head Trauma): Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/13779-shaken-baby-syndrome

  Shaken baby syndrome is a type of brain injury that occurs when a baby or toddler is shaken violently. This can cause swelling, bruising and bleeding in and around their brain. Shaken baby syndrome may damage a childs eyes, neck and spine as well. Another name for the condition is abusive head trauma. […] Shaken baby syndrome most often happens when a parent or other caregiver becomes frustrated or angry because of a babys crying. It can occur from as little as 5 seconds of shaking. The resulting injuries can lead to brain damage, permanent disabilities and death. […] Signs of shaken baby syndrome may appear immediately after the child has been shaken. The signs typically reach their peak within four to six hours. Some symptoms show up right away, but shaken baby syndrome symptoms may not appear until later in life. Some children may have attention and behavior problems later in life from being shaken when they were infants.

• #91 Shaken Baby Syndrome Cases: Symptoms & Compensation for SBS

  https://www.wkw.com/birth-injuries/blog/shaken-baby-syndrome-cases/

  Shaken baby syndrome is one of the most common forms of abusive head trauma, a category of physical child abuse. Abusive head trauma can refer to any traumatic brain injury caused by an abuser. However, shaken baby syndrome refers specifically to an assortment of symptoms and injuries that result from a baby being shaken violently. […] The immediate signs of shaken baby syndrome often include: Bruises on the arms or chest (where theyve been grabbed), Being extra sleepy, Being extra irritable, Not smiling or babbling, Not eating well or vomiting, Problems with breathing, Seizures, Swelling at the soft spot on top of their head, Eyes dont focus or follow movement. […] According to the American Academy of Pediatricians (AAP), almost 25% of infants affected by shaken baby syndrome die. Of those who survive, about 70% have long-term neurological problems. These problems include: Permanent brain damage, which can affect: Motor control, Intellectual ability, Learning ability, Behavior, Cerebral palsy, a disorder that affects coordination, balance, and movement and may be accompanied by intellectual disabilities and problems with speech and vision, Cortical blindness, a partial or total loss of sight caused by damage to the area of the brain that processes input from the eyes, Seizures.

• #92

  https://www.nuhs.edu.sg/patient-care/find-a-condition/shaken-baby-syndrome

  At presentation, the medical team might pick up some of these additional signs: Decreased or increased muscle tone, Pallor, Retinal haemorrhages (blood pooling in eyes), Bulging or spongy anterior fontanelle, Increased head circumference, Presence of multiple bruises elsewhere on body, Poor weight gain (failure to thrive). […] It is important to see a doctor urgently if the child develops any of the above mentioned symptoms or if you suspect the child has been a victim of Shaken Baby Syndrome. […] Early medical intervention may save the child’s life but most affected children who survive tend to have permanent significant neurodisability.

• #93 Shaken baby syndrome (SBS) Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments

  https://www.upmc.com/services/womens-health/conditions/shaken-baby-syndrome

  Shaken baby syndrome (SBS) is a traumatic brain injury that an infant can suffer after having been shaken violently. While the immediate damage is done to the brain, the lasting effects can be serious and life-long, such as seizures, learning impairments, and even blindness. […] The brain injury occurs when a baby is shaken to the point that the brain moves within and hits the interior of the skull. This impact may result in bruising, bleeding, and/or swelling of the brain. […] The are a few key symptoms that could be signs of shaken baby syndrome. They include: Bleeding in the eye. Difficulty breathing. Difficulty sucking or swallowing. Extreme irritability or discomfort. Enlarged head or forehead. Inability to lift the head. Inability of the eyes to follow an object. Paleness or blue-colored skin. Vomiting. Unconsciousness. Unequal pupil sizes.

• #94 Shaken baby syndrome – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/shaken-baby-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20366619

  Symptoms of shaken baby syndrome may include: […] Extreme fussiness or irritability. […] Difficulty staying awake. […] Breathing problems. […] Poor eating. […] Vomiting. […] Pale or discolored skin. […] Seizures. […] Paralysis. […] Coma. […] While sometimes a child may have bruising on the face, you may not see signs of physical injury to the child’s outer body. Injuries that might not be seen immediately include: […] Bleeding in the brain and eyes. […] Spinal cord damage. […] Fractures of the ribs, skull, legs and other bones. […] Children with shaken baby syndrome often show symptoms of prior child abuse. […] In mild cases of shaken baby syndrome, children may appear OK after being shaken. But they may develop health or behavioral problems over time.

• #95 Shaken Baby Syndrome Prevention, Children Ages Birth to Four Years

  https://www.health.ny.gov/prevention/injury_prevention/children/fact_sheets/birth-4_years/shaken_baby_syndrome_prevention_birth-4_years.htm

  SBS occurs when an adult violently shakes an infant or young child. The baby’s brain moves back and forth within the skull, which can cause bleeding within the skull. […] Shaking can cause: Permanent brain damage, Cerebral palsy, Blindness, Hearing loss, Learning behavior problems, Seizures, Paralysis (loss of the use of arms and legs), Death. […] What are the immediate signs that a baby may have been shaken? Extreme irritability (fussy), Not eating/ poor appetite, No smiling or vocalization (talking), Difficulty swallowing, sucking, or breathing, Head or forehead is larger than usual, Dilated pupils/ pupils different sizes, Baby is very stiff or like a rag doll, Vomiting, Seizures, Difficulty staying awake. […] Call 911 immediately! Emergency medical care could prevent permanent brain damage, or even save the baby’s life.

• #96 Shaken Baby Syndrome – Health Information

  https://hi.easternhealth.ca/life-stages/infants/parenting/shaken-baby-syndrome-2/

  Symptoms depend on the type of head injury and how severe it is. Children with minor head injuries might not have any symptoms. […] Other symptoms a baby or child can have after a head injury include the following: Acting fussy, very tired, or not like themselves. Swelling or bruising on the scalp. Vomiting. Seizures. Loss of Consciousness. […] A head injury that involves a broken skull or facial bone can also cause: Bruising around the eyes or behind the ear. Blood or clear fluid draining from the nose or ear. […] Symptoms can start right after a head injury or a few hours or days later.

• #97 Shaken Baby Syndrome – Health Information

  https://hi.easternhealth.ca/life-stages/infants/parenting/shaken-baby-syndrome-2/

  Symptoms depend on the type of head injury and how severe it is. Children with minor head injuries might not have any symptoms. […] Other symptoms a baby or child can have after a head injury include the following: Acting fussy, very tired, or not like themselves. Swelling or bruising on the scalp. Vomiting. Seizures. Loss of Consciousness. […] A head injury that involves a broken skull or facial bone can also cause: Bruising around the eyes or behind the ear. Blood or clear fluid draining from the nose or ear. […] Symptoms can start right after a head injury or a few hours or days later.

• #98 Shaken Baby Syndrome: Signs & Symptoms (Video)

  https://www.picmonic.com/pathways/medicine/courses/standard/emergency-medicine-10640/trauma-38907/abusive-head-trauma-shaken-baby-syndrome_2402

  Shaken baby syndrome is a constellation of medical findings, associated with the triad of brain hemorrhage, subdural hemorrhage and retinal hemorrhage. […] Repeated shaking can lead to subdural bleeding in children. Most commonly, subdural hemorrhage is seen, but subarachnoid bleeding can also occur. Another nervous system finding in children with shaken baby syndrome is brain swelling. […] Violent or abusive shaking can lead to bleeding in the layers of the retina, which can be accompanied with papilledema. […] Shaken baby syndrome also involves the finding of fractures of the child’s ribs or bones where they have been twisted from shaking. A skeletal survey or bone scan may show fractures in various stages of healing. […] A CT of the head is important for assessing the extent of injuries in a child with suspected shaken baby syndrome. Often, an MRI can be used, as these are better for imaging retinal bleeds.

• #99 Shaken Baby Syndrome: Signs & Symptoms (Video)

  https://www.picmonic.com/pathways/medicine/courses/standard/emergency-medicine-10640/trauma-38907/abusive-head-trauma-shaken-baby-syndrome_2402

  A skeletal survey is a series of X-rays of all the bones in the body. This is important for detecting all of the injuries in a child with suspected shaken baby syndrome. Often, these surveys find bones in various stages of healing from repeated abuse. […] If there is a suspicion for shaken baby syndrome, child protective services should be notified immediately. A constellation of symptoms is highly indicative of child abuse, however, it should be noted that many of these symptoms can occur from non-abusive pathologies, such as gestational trauma, vitamin C deficiency or seizure disorders.

• #100 Shaken baby syndrome – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/shaken-baby-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20366619

  Symptoms of shaken baby syndrome may include: […] Extreme fussiness or irritability. […] Difficulty staying awake. […] Breathing problems. […] Poor eating. […] Vomiting. […] Pale or discolored skin. […] Seizures. […] Paralysis. […] Coma. […] While sometimes a child may have bruising on the face, you may not see signs of physical injury to the child’s outer body. Injuries that might not be seen immediately include: […] Bleeding in the brain and eyes. […] Spinal cord damage. […] Fractures of the ribs, skull, legs and other bones. […] Children with shaken baby syndrome often show symptoms of prior child abuse. […] In mild cases of shaken baby syndrome, children may appear OK after being shaken. But they may develop health or behavioral problems over time.

• #101 Shaken Baby Syndrome (Abusive Head Trauma): Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/13779-shaken-baby-syndrome

  Severe immediate signs of shaken baby syndrome may include unconsciousness, seizures and shock. Other shaken baby syndrome symptoms may include: Not smiling, babbling or talking. Extreme irritability. Vomiting. Poor appetite or feeding problems. Breathing difficulties. Lethargy (extreme tiredness, lack of movement and/or an inability to stay awake). Pale- or blue-colored skin. Bruises on their arms or chest. A large head or forehead. A bulging soft spot on the top of their head. Inability to lift their head. Widened (dilated) pupils. Inability to focus or follow movement with their eyes. Tremors. Coma. […] Shaken baby syndrome can cause severe medical issues, including: Subdural hematoma: A collection of blood between the surface of your childs brain and their dura (the tough outer membrane surrounding their brain). This can happen when the veins that bridge your childs brain to their dura are stretched too far, causing tears and bleeding. Subarachnoid hemorrhage: Bleeding between your childs brain and arachnoid (the web-like membrane surrounding your childs brain). Direct brain trauma: This can occur when your childs brain strikes the inner surfaces of their skull. Brain damage: Brain damage can result from a lack of oxygen if your child stops breathing during shaking. Brain cell damage: This can occur when injured nerve cells release chemicals that add to the oxygen deprivation to your childs brain. Retinal hemorrhages: Bleeding in the back of your childs retinas. Neck and spinal cord damage: Injuries to your childs cervical spinal nerves. Fractures: This may include skull fractures as well as fractures to your babys ribs, collarbone, arms and legs.

• #102 Pediatric Abusive Head Trauma – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK499836/

  A lack of external injury should suggest the possibility of abusive head trauma. […] The primary neurological indicator of abusive head trauma is altered consciousness, developmental delays, seizures, nausea, and vomiting. […] Retinal hemorrhages are usually more severe in abusive head trauma than an accidental blunt head injury. […] A subdural hematoma is a common finding in abusive head trauma. […] Rib fractures in an infant are common with child abuse. […] Skull fractures are a result of a direct force applied to the head. […] Abusive head trauma does not always present with retinal or subdural hemorrhage or traumatic brain injury. Unexplained cervical spine injuries, seizures, or fractures should also lead the clinician to consider abusive head trauma. […] The evaluation should include a review of the timeline of the signs and symptoms leading up to the evaluation.

• #103 Shaken baby syndrome: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/007578.htm

  There may not be any physical signs of injury, such as bruising, bleeding, or swelling. In some cases, the condition can be difficult to diagnose and may not be found during an office visit. However, rib fractures are common and can be seen on x-rays. […] An eye doctor may find bleeding behind the baby’s eye or retinal detachment. There are, however, other causes of bleeding behind the eye and they should be ruled out before diagnosing shaken baby syndrome. Other factors must be considered.

• #104 Shaken baby syndrome – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/shaken-baby-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20366619

  Symptoms of shaken baby syndrome may include: […] Extreme fussiness or irritability. […] Difficulty staying awake. […] Breathing problems. […] Poor eating. […] Vomiting. […] Pale or discolored skin. […] Seizures. […] Paralysis. […] Coma. […] While sometimes a child may have bruising on the face, you may not see signs of physical injury to the child’s outer body. Injuries that might not be seen immediately include: […] Bleeding in the brain and eyes. […] Spinal cord damage. […] Fractures of the ribs, skull, legs and other bones. […] Children with shaken baby syndrome often show symptoms of prior child abuse. […] In mild cases of shaken baby syndrome, children may appear OK after being shaken. But they may develop health or behavioral problems over time.

• #105 Pediatric Abusive Head Trauma – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK499836/

  A lack of external injury should suggest the possibility of abusive head trauma. […] The primary neurological indicator of abusive head trauma is altered consciousness, developmental delays, seizures, nausea, and vomiting. […] Retinal hemorrhages are usually more severe in abusive head trauma than an accidental blunt head injury. […] A subdural hematoma is a common finding in abusive head trauma. […] Rib fractures in an infant are common with child abuse. […] Skull fractures are a result of a direct force applied to the head. […] Abusive head trauma does not always present with retinal or subdural hemorrhage or traumatic brain injury. Unexplained cervical spine injuries, seizures, or fractures should also lead the clinician to consider abusive head trauma. […] The evaluation should include a review of the timeline of the signs and symptoms leading up to the evaluation.

• #106 Shaken baby syndrome – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/shaken-baby-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20366619

  Symptoms of shaken baby syndrome may include: […] Extreme fussiness or irritability. […] Difficulty staying awake. […] Breathing problems. […] Poor eating. […] Vomiting. […] Pale or discolored skin. […] Seizures. […] Paralysis. […] Coma. […] While sometimes a child may have bruising on the face, you may not see signs of physical injury to the child’s outer body. Injuries that might not be seen immediately include: […] Bleeding in the brain and eyes. […] Spinal cord damage. […] Fractures of the ribs, skull, legs and other bones. […] Children with shaken baby syndrome often show symptoms of prior child abuse. […] In mild cases of shaken baby syndrome, children may appear OK after being shaken. But they may develop health or behavioral problems over time.

• #107 Shaken Baby Syndrome (Abusive Head Trauma): Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/13779-shaken-baby-syndrome

  Severe immediate signs of shaken baby syndrome may include unconsciousness, seizures and shock. Other shaken baby syndrome symptoms may include: Not smiling, babbling or talking. Extreme irritability. Vomiting. Poor appetite or feeding problems. Breathing difficulties. Lethargy (extreme tiredness, lack of movement and/or an inability to stay awake). Pale- or blue-colored skin. Bruises on their arms or chest. A large head or forehead. A bulging soft spot on the top of their head. Inability to lift their head. Widened (dilated) pupils. Inability to focus or follow movement with their eyes. Tremors. Coma. […] Shaken baby syndrome can cause severe medical issues, including: Subdural hematoma: A collection of blood between the surface of your childs brain and their dura (the tough outer membrane surrounding their brain). This can happen when the veins that bridge your childs brain to their dura are stretched too far, causing tears and bleeding. Subarachnoid hemorrhage: Bleeding between your childs brain and arachnoid (the web-like membrane surrounding your childs brain). Direct brain trauma: This can occur when your childs brain strikes the inner surfaces of their skull. Brain damage: Brain damage can result from a lack of oxygen if your child stops breathing during shaking. Brain cell damage: This can occur when injured nerve cells release chemicals that add to the oxygen deprivation to your childs brain. Retinal hemorrhages: Bleeding in the back of your childs retinas. Neck and spinal cord damage: Injuries to your childs cervical spinal nerves. Fractures: This may include skull fractures as well as fractures to your babys ribs, collarbone, arms and legs.

• #108 Shaken Baby Syndrome: Signs & Symptoms (Video)

  https://www.picmonic.com/pathways/medicine/courses/standard/emergency-medicine-10640/trauma-38907/abusive-head-trauma-shaken-baby-syndrome_2402

  A skeletal survey is a series of X-rays of all the bones in the body. This is important for detecting all of the injuries in a child with suspected shaken baby syndrome. Often, these surveys find bones in various stages of healing from repeated abuse. […] If there is a suspicion for shaken baby syndrome, child protective services should be notified immediately. A constellation of symptoms is highly indicative of child abuse, however, it should be noted that many of these symptoms can occur from non-abusive pathologies, such as gestational trauma, vitamin C deficiency or seizure disorders.

• #109 What Is Shaken Baby Syndrome? Symptoms, Signs, Facts

  https://www.medicinenet.com/shaken_baby_syndrome_abusive_head_trauma/article.htm

  It is crucial to note that many studies have demonstrated that 20% to 50% of children who sustain shaken baby syndrome have evidence of other episodes of inflicted trauma, such as intentional burns, broken bones (most commonly rib and the long bones of the arms and legs), and/or bruising not consistent with routine and age-appropriate injury.

• #110 Shaken baby syndrome: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/007578.htm

  There may not be any physical signs of injury, such as bruising, bleeding, or swelling. In some cases, the condition can be difficult to diagnose and may not be found during an office visit. However, rib fractures are common and can be seen on x-rays. […] An eye doctor may find bleeding behind the baby’s eye or retinal detachment. There are, however, other causes of bleeding behind the eye and they should be ruled out before diagnosing shaken baby syndrome. Other factors must be considered.

• #111

  https://www.aapos.org/glossary/shaken-baby-syndrome

  Shaken baby syndrome (SBS), also known as non-accidental trauma (NAT), is a diagnosis that may include a combination of findings including broken long bones such as arms or legs, skull fractures, brain bleeding and retinal hemorrhages. […] Most children who are victims of SBS are under one year of age, with many of them being under six months of age. […] Injuries from SBS can lead to permanent visual and developmental disabilities, or even death. […] Retinal hemorrhages often resolve without treatment, but a vitreous hemorrhage may not. A vitreous hemorrhage can quickly cause amblyopia (lazy eye) by blocking the vision out of the eye. […] Permanent damage to vision can also occur as a result of direct injury to the eye or the brain. Damage to the brain is the main reason for poor vision. […] Scarring of the retina or atrophy of the optic nerve may show up months after the injury and is usually irreversible. […] Brain injury may also lead to developmental delays, seizures, paralysis, and even death. Nearly a quarter of shaken infants can die from their injuries.

• #112 Pediatric Abusive Head Trauma – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK499836/

  A lack of external injury should suggest the possibility of abusive head trauma. […] The primary neurological indicator of abusive head trauma is altered consciousness, developmental delays, seizures, nausea, and vomiting. […] Retinal hemorrhages are usually more severe in abusive head trauma than an accidental blunt head injury. […] A subdural hematoma is a common finding in abusive head trauma. […] Rib fractures in an infant are common with child abuse. […] Skull fractures are a result of a direct force applied to the head. […] Abusive head trauma does not always present with retinal or subdural hemorrhage or traumatic brain injury. Unexplained cervical spine injuries, seizures, or fractures should also lead the clinician to consider abusive head trauma. […] The evaluation should include a review of the timeline of the signs and symptoms leading up to the evaluation.

• #113 Shaken Baby Syndrome | Chemung County, NY

  https://www.chemungcountyny.gov/328/Shaken-Baby-Syndrome

  The symptoms of SBS can range from mild forms of irritability, poor feeding, vomiting, and lethargy to the more serious symptoms of breathing difficulties, seizures, coma, and death. […] Another symptom of SBS is retinal hemorrhages (bleeding in the back of the eye). Retinal hemorrhage occurs when blood vessels in the retina (lining the back of the eye) are torn and begin to bleed. […] As children grow and more demands are placed on their brain, signs of brain injury from SBS become more evident.

• #114 Shaken baby syndrome: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/shaken-baby-syndrome

  Shaken baby syndrome is a severe form of child abuse caused by violently shaking an infant or child. […] Shaken baby syndrome can occur from as little as 5 seconds of shaking. […] Shaken baby injuries most often occur in children younger than 2 years old, but may be seen in children up to 5 years old. […] When an infant or toddler is shaken, the brain bounces back and forth against the skull. This can cause bruising of the brain (cerebral contusion), swelling, pressure, and bleeding in the brain. […] The symptoms can vary, ranging from mild to severe. They may include: Convulsions (seizures), Decreased alertness, Extreme irritability or other changes in behavior, Lethargy, sleepiness, not smiling, Loss of consciousness, Loss of vision, No breathing, Pale or bluish skin, Poor feeding, lack of appetite, Vomiting. […] There may not be any physical signs of injury, such as bruising, bleeding, or swelling. […] An eye doctor may find bleeding behind the baby’s eye or retinal detachment.

• #115 Shaken baby syndrome: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/007578.htm

  There may not be any physical signs of injury, such as bruising, bleeding, or swelling. In some cases, the condition can be difficult to diagnose and may not be found during an office visit. However, rib fractures are common and can be seen on x-rays. […] An eye doctor may find bleeding behind the baby’s eye or retinal detachment. There are, however, other causes of bleeding behind the eye and they should be ruled out before diagnosing shaken baby syndrome. Other factors must be considered.

• #116 Shaken Baby Syndrome: Signs & Symptoms (Video)

  https://www.picmonic.com/pathways/medicine/courses/standard/emergency-medicine-10640/trauma-38907/abusive-head-trauma-shaken-baby-syndrome_2402

  Shaken baby syndrome is a constellation of medical findings, associated with the triad of brain hemorrhage, subdural hemorrhage and retinal hemorrhage. […] Repeated shaking can lead to subdural bleeding in children. Most commonly, subdural hemorrhage is seen, but subarachnoid bleeding can also occur. Another nervous system finding in children with shaken baby syndrome is brain swelling. […] Violent or abusive shaking can lead to bleeding in the layers of the retina, which can be accompanied with papilledema. […] Shaken baby syndrome also involves the finding of fractures of the child’s ribs or bones where they have been twisted from shaking. A skeletal survey or bone scan may show fractures in various stages of healing. […] A CT of the head is important for assessing the extent of injuries in a child with suspected shaken baby syndrome. Often, an MRI can be used, as these are better for imaging retinal bleeds.

• #117 Shaken Baby Syndrome: Causes and SymptomsCircleBumpCheckedFilledMedicalBookmarkBookmarkTickBookmarkAddCheckBoxCheckBoxFilled

  https://www.thebump.com/a/shaken-baby-syndrome

  How soon do symptoms of shaken baby syndrome appear? Signs may appear immediately after the incident and usually peak within four to six hours, according to the American Association of Neurological Surgeons. Since shaken baby syndrome causes brain injury, damage may not become apparent until much later, when baby is developmentally ready to crawl, walk or talk but misses the developmental milestone. […] According to the National Center on Shaken Baby Syndrome, 25 percent of babies with shaken baby syndrome die, and upward of 80 percent of surviving victims suffer from lifelong disabilities. Long-term effects of shaken baby syndrome include: Learning disabilities, Speech disabilities, Visual disabilities or blindness, Hearing impairment, Motor delays or dysfunction, including paralysis, Behavior disorders, Cognitive impairment, Cerebral palsy (a neurological disorder that affects body movement, muscle control, posture and balance), Seizures, Spasticity (a condition in which muscles continuously contract, causing stiffness and difficulty moving).

• #118 Abusive Head Trauma (Shaken Baby Syndrome) (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/shaken.html

  In the most severe cases, babies and children may come to the ER, hospital, or doctor’s office not awake, having seizures, or in shock. […] In less severe cases, a shaken child may: move less than usual, be cranky and hard to comfort, throw up, have trouble sucking or swallowing, eat less than usual, not smile or coo, seem stiff, have seizures, have trouble breathing, have skin that looks blue, have pupils (the dark spots in center of the eyes) that aren’t the same size, be unable to lift their head, have trouble focusing their eyes or tracking movement. […] Abusive head trauma often causes life-long harm to the brain and, sometimes, death. […] Babies and children who survive may have: poor eyesight or blindness, hearing loss, seizures, delayed development, problems with speech and learning, problems with memory and focus, cerebral palsy, weakness or problems moving parts of the body, problems with hormones controlled by the brain. […] If a child’s problems are mild, they might not be noticed until the child starts school and has problems with learning, focus, or behavior.

• #119 Pediatric Abusive Head Trauma – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK499836/

  Signs and symptoms of abusive head injury occur immediately in over 90% of infants who suffer shaking. […] The goal of therapy is to maintain low intracranial pressure while maintaining acceptable blood pressure, ensuring adequate cerebral perfusion pressure. […] There are substantial morbidity and mortality associated with abusive head trauma. Morbidity ranges from mild learning disabilities to severe cognitive or physical abnormalities and death. […] Long-term survivors of severe abusive head trauma have a substantial reduction in quality of life. Even those with mild injuries may have a substantial lifetime impairment. […] More than half of children aged 0 to 4 years injured by abusive head trauma will die before they turn 21. […] Abusive head trauma commonly causes a number of long-term sequelae. More than 50% of children will have partial or complete blindness. Another 5% need eye surgery, and more than 20% will require a feeding tube after the injuries.

• #120 Shaken Baby Syndrome – AANS

  https://www.aans.org/patients/conditions-treatments/shaken-baby-syndrome/

  Shaken Baby Syndrome (also known as Shaken Impact Syndrome) is a serious form of abuse inflicted upon a child. […] Symptoms vary and are caused by generalized brain swelling secondary to trauma. They may appear immediately after the shaking and usually reach a peak within 4-6 hours. The following signs and symptoms may indicate shaken baby syndrome: Altered level of consciousness, Drowsiness accompanied by irritability, Coma, Convulsions or seizures, Dilated pupils that do not respond to light, Decreased appetite, Vomiting, Posture in which the head is bent back and the back arched, Breathing problems and irregularities, Abnormally slow and shallow respiration, Cardiac arrest, Death. […] The prognosis for victims of shaken baby syndrome varies with the severity of injury but generally is poor. Many cases are fatal or lead to severe neurological deficits. Death is usually caused by uncontrollable increased intracranial pressure from cerebral edema, bleeding within the brain or tears in the brain tissue. However, even babies with injuries that appear to be mild may show developmental difficulties. Typically, surviving babies with this syndrome may develop any of the following disabilities: Cerebral palsy, Paralysis, Vision loss or blindness, Intellectual disability, Epilepsy, Seizures.

• #121 Shaken baby syndrome

  https://www.babycenter.com/health/safety-and-childproofing/shaken-baby-syndrome_1501729

  Shaken baby syndrome is when an adult violently shakes a child, causing serious brain injury. […] Symptoms vary but are caused by brain swelling. They may appear immediately after the shaking and usually reach a peak within 4 to 6 hours. […] In the most severe cases, a baby will have seizures or not be able to wake up. In less severe cases, a shaken child may have seizures or may: Move less than usual, Be cranky and hard to comfort, Throw up, Have trouble sucking or swallowing, Eat less than usual, Not smile or coo, Seem stiff, Have trouble breathing, Have skin that looks blue, Have pupils that aren’t the same size, Be unable to lift their head, Have trouble focusing their eyes or tracking movement. […] If you suspect your child is suffering from shaken baby syndrome, call 911 right away. Every moment counts in terms of minimizing the damage from a baby’s head injury.

• #122 Shaken Baby Syndrome: Causes and SymptomsCircleBumpCheckedFilledMedicalBookmarkBookmarkTickBookmarkAddCheckBoxCheckBoxFilled

  https://www.thebump.com/a/shaken-baby-syndrome

  How soon do symptoms of shaken baby syndrome appear? Signs may appear immediately after the incident and usually peak within four to six hours, according to the American Association of Neurological Surgeons. Since shaken baby syndrome causes brain injury, damage may not become apparent until much later, when baby is developmentally ready to crawl, walk or talk but misses the developmental milestone. […] According to the National Center on Shaken Baby Syndrome, 25 percent of babies with shaken baby syndrome die, and upward of 80 percent of surviving victims suffer from lifelong disabilities. Long-term effects of shaken baby syndrome include: Learning disabilities, Speech disabilities, Visual disabilities or blindness, Hearing impairment, Motor delays or dysfunction, including paralysis, Behavior disorders, Cognitive impairment, Cerebral palsy (a neurological disorder that affects body movement, muscle control, posture and balance), Seizures, Spasticity (a condition in which muscles continuously contract, causing stiffness and difficulty moving).

• #123

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=hw169815

  Abusive head trauma may also be called shaken baby syndrome. […] Symptoms vary among children based on how old they are, how often they’ve been abused, how long they were abused each time, and how much force was used. […] A child with more severe injuries may have symptoms such as: Seizures. A slow heartbeat. Trouble hearing. Bleeding inside one or both eyes. […] Symptoms can start quickly, especially in a badly injured child. Other times, it may take a few days for brain swelling to cause symptoms. […] It is important to get help if something doesn’t seem right with your baby. Abusive head trauma may cause only mild symptoms at first, but any head injury in a young child can be dangerous.

• #124 Shaken Baby Syndrome – Health Information

  https://hi.easternhealth.ca/life-stages/infants/parenting/shaken-baby-syndrome-2/

  Symptoms depend on the type of head injury and how severe it is. Children with minor head injuries might not have any symptoms. […] Other symptoms a baby or child can have after a head injury include the following: Acting fussy, very tired, or not like themselves. Swelling or bruising on the scalp. Vomiting. Seizures. Loss of Consciousness. […] A head injury that involves a broken skull or facial bone can also cause: Bruising around the eyes or behind the ear. Blood or clear fluid draining from the nose or ear. […] Symptoms can start right after a head injury or a few hours or days later.

• #125 Shaken Baby Syndrome: Symptoms, Signs & Child Abuse Prevention

  https://www.emedicinehealth.com/shaken_baby_syndrome/article_em.htm

  Shaken baby syndrome is the term that is used to describe a form of child abuse caused by vigorously shaking an infant, often in anger, to get a child to stop crying or whining. It usually occurs in children less than 1 year of age, and the violent shaking often results in severe and permanent brain injury, spinal-cord injuries, bleeding in the eyes (retinal hemorrhages), and even death. […] Infants with shaken baby syndrome have life-threatening injuries. Many affected infants develop permanent brain damage and blindness as a result of the abuse. […] The injuries associated with shaken baby syndrome may not be immediately noticeable. Infants may present with nonspecific complaints, such as irritability or vomiting. These symptoms are caused by the developing increased pressure within the brain (intracranial pressure) caused by brain hemorrhages and swelling. These infants often develop additional symptoms, such as lethargy, breathing difficulties, and seizures.

• #126 Shaken baby syndrome – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/shaken-baby-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20366619

  Symptoms of shaken baby syndrome may include: […] Extreme fussiness or irritability. […] Difficulty staying awake. […] Breathing problems. […] Poor eating. […] Vomiting. […] Pale or discolored skin. […] Seizures. […] Paralysis. […] Coma. […] While sometimes a child may have bruising on the face, you may not see signs of physical injury to the child’s outer body. Injuries that might not be seen immediately include: […] Bleeding in the brain and eyes. […] Spinal cord damage. […] Fractures of the ribs, skull, legs and other bones. […] Children with shaken baby syndrome often show symptoms of prior child abuse. […] In mild cases of shaken baby syndrome, children may appear OK after being shaken. But they may develop health or behavioral problems over time.

• #127 Abusive Head Trauma (Shaken Baby Syndrome) (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/shaken.html

  In the most severe cases, babies and children may come to the ER, hospital, or doctor’s office not awake, having seizures, or in shock. […] In less severe cases, a shaken child may: move less than usual, be cranky and hard to comfort, throw up, have trouble sucking or swallowing, eat less than usual, not smile or coo, seem stiff, have seizures, have trouble breathing, have skin that looks blue, have pupils (the dark spots in center of the eyes) that aren’t the same size, be unable to lift their head, have trouble focusing their eyes or tracking movement. […] Abusive head trauma often causes life-long harm to the brain and, sometimes, death. […] Babies and children who survive may have: poor eyesight or blindness, hearing loss, seizures, delayed development, problems with speech and learning, problems with memory and focus, cerebral palsy, weakness or problems moving parts of the body, problems with hormones controlled by the brain. […] If a child’s problems are mild, they might not be noticed until the child starts school and has problems with learning, focus, or behavior.

• #128 Shaken Baby Syndrome | Chemung County, NY

  https://www.chemungcountyny.gov/328/Shaken-Baby-Syndrome

  The symptoms of SBS can range from mild forms of irritability, poor feeding, vomiting, and lethargy to the more serious symptoms of breathing difficulties, seizures, coma, and death. […] Another symptom of SBS is retinal hemorrhages (bleeding in the back of the eye). Retinal hemorrhage occurs when blood vessels in the retina (lining the back of the eye) are torn and begin to bleed. […] As children grow and more demands are placed on their brain, signs of brain injury from SBS become more evident.

• #129 Shaken Baby Syndrome: Signs and Symptoms

  https://www.webmd.com/parenting/baby/shaken-baby-syndrome

  Shaken baby syndrome is a serious brain injury that happens to a baby or young child when its shaken with force. The impact kills the babys brain cells and keeps oxygen from getting to the brain. […] Symptoms include: Vomiting, Bluish skin, Tremors or shakes, Breathing issues, Drowsiness, Less interest in eating, Trouble sucking, No more smiling or talking, Low energy or decreased muscle tone, Extreme crankiness, Rigidity, Seizures, Not being able to lift their head. […] Shaken baby syndrome leads to long-term disabilities in about 80% of cases. It causes a traumatic brain injury, specifically what’s called a closed-brain injury. […] Thinking problems can include: Confusion, Short attention span, Memory problems, Trouble with judgment, Not being able to understand abstract concepts, Not being able to follow directions beyond one or two steps.

• #130 Abusive Head Trauma (Shaken Baby Syndrome) (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/shaken.html

  In the most severe cases, babies and children may come to the ER, hospital, or doctor’s office not awake, having seizures, or in shock. […] In less severe cases, a shaken child may: move less than usual, be cranky and hard to comfort, throw up, have trouble sucking or swallowing, eat less than usual, not smile or coo, seem stiff, have seizures, have trouble breathing, have skin that looks blue, have pupils (the dark spots in center of the eyes) that aren’t the same size, be unable to lift their head, have trouble focusing their eyes or tracking movement. […] Abusive head trauma often causes life-long harm to the brain and, sometimes, death. […] Babies and children who survive may have: poor eyesight or blindness, hearing loss, seizures, delayed development, problems with speech and learning, problems with memory and focus, cerebral palsy, weakness or problems moving parts of the body, problems with hormones controlled by the brain. […] If a child’s problems are mild, they might not be noticed until the child starts school and has problems with learning, focus, or behavior.

• #131 Shaken baby syndrome | Altru Health System

  https://www.altru.org/health-library/conditions/shaken-baby-syndrome

  Symptoms of shaken baby syndrome may include: Extreme fussiness or irritability. Difficulty staying awake. Breathing problems. Poor eating. Vomiting. Pale or discolored skin. Seizures. Paralysis. Coma. […] In mild cases of shaken baby syndrome, children may appear OK after being shaken. But they may develop health or behavioral problems over time. […] Even brief shaking of an infant can cause brain damage that can’t be reversed. Many children affected by shaken baby syndrome die. […] Children who survive shaken baby syndrome may require lifelong medical care for conditions such as: Partial or total blindness. Delayed development. Troubles with learning and behavior. Seizures or epilepsy. Cerebral palsy, a disorder that affects movement and muscle coordination.

• #132 Shaken baby syndrome – HonorHealth

  https://www.honorhealth.com/medical-services/maternity/shaken-baby-syndrome

  Shaken baby syndrome has several signs and symptoms. Severe cases typically exhibit obvious symptoms and often result in critical neurological consequences or death. Signs and symptoms of shaken baby syndrome include: Lethargy/decreased muscle tone, Extreme irritability, Decreased appetite, poor feeding or vomiting for no apparent reason, No reaction to sounds or acting lifeless, No smiling or vocalization, Poor sucking or swallowing, Inability to lift head, Inability of eyes to focus or track movement or unequal size of pupils, Head or forehead appears larger than usual or a soft spot on the head appears to be bulging, Rigidity or posturing, Seizures, Irregular, difficult or lack of breathing. […] Less severe cases may not show immediate symptoms or noticeable injury and, therefore, may not be brought to the attention of medical professionals. Although these cases may never be diagnosed or reported, they’re still capable of causing long-term damage or consequences. Possible long-term effects include: Physical and learning disabilities, Visual impairment or blindness, Hearing impairment, Speech disabilities, Cerebral palsy, Seizures, Behavioral disorders, Death. […] It only takes seconds of shaking to cause irreversible brain damage in an infant.

• #133 Shaken Baby Syndrome: Signs and Symptoms

  https://www.webmd.com/parenting/baby/shaken-baby-syndrome

  Shaken baby syndrome is a serious brain injury that happens to a baby or young child when its shaken with force. The impact kills the babys brain cells and keeps oxygen from getting to the brain. […] Symptoms include: Vomiting, Bluish skin, Tremors or shakes, Breathing issues, Drowsiness, Less interest in eating, Trouble sucking, No more smiling or talking, Low energy or decreased muscle tone, Extreme crankiness, Rigidity, Seizures, Not being able to lift their head. […] Shaken baby syndrome leads to long-term disabilities in about 80% of cases. It causes a traumatic brain injury, specifically what’s called a closed-brain injury. […] Thinking problems can include: Confusion, Short attention span, Memory problems, Trouble with judgment, Not being able to understand abstract concepts, Not being able to follow directions beyond one or two steps.

• #134 Abusive head trauma factsheet | The Sydney Children’s Hospitals Network

  https://www.schn.health.nsw.gov.au/abusive-head-trauma-factsheet

  Abusive head trauma is severe and is the most common type of abuse that causes death and long-term disability in children younger than 12 months old. […] After abusive head trauma, a baby may not be awake or may have a seizure. Other signs that a baby has had an abusive head trauma include: vomiting, trouble with feeding, sucking or swallowing, feeling stiff, having seizures, having trouble breathing, blue colour to the skin, being unable to move or lift their head, having trouble following movement with their eyes, moving less and being more quiet, being upset and hard to settle. […] Abusive head trauma is serious and can cause death or life-long issues, including: breathing difficulties, bruising, brain damage, loss of vision, loss of hearing, seizures, developmental delays, learning difficulties, memory and attention problems, severe intellectual and physical disability, including cerebral palsy.

• #135 Shaken Baby Syndrome: Signs and Symptoms

  https://www.webmd.com/parenting/baby/shaken-baby-syndrome

  Movement problems can include: Paralysis, Weakness, Tightening and stiffening of muscles (spasticity), Poor balance and coordination, Tremors, Swallowing problems. […] Problems with the senses can include: Trouble speaking, finding the right words, or understanding speech (aphasia), Trouble reading and writing, Slow speech, Problems identifying objects and what they do. […] Problems with daily life can include: Trouble dressing, eating, or bathing, Trouble paying bills or handling other tasks, Not being able to drive. […] Social problems can include: Trouble making friends, Not understanding social cues. […] Physical problems can include: Fatigue, Dizziness, Headache, Lack of bowel or bladder control. […] Personality issues can include: Moodiness, Short temper, Lack of motivation, Anxiety and depression, Inappropriate sexual behavior. […] Traumatic brain injuries can sometimes lead to epilepsy, which might show up years later.

• #136

  https://step2.medbullets.com/pediatrics/120614/shaken-baby-syndrome

  A 23-year-old mother brings in a 3-month-old baby boy to the emergency room. She reported that he seemed to have difficulty breathing and was lethargic just not himself. She denied any inciting trauma. On physical exam, he was lethargic with an unequivocal neurological exam. However, there is localized swelling on the right occiput. An ophthalmologic exam shows retinal hemorrhages. A head CT showed cresent-shaped hemorrhage. The child abuse team is consulted. […] Symptoms […] seizures […] difficulty breathing […] apnea […] lethargy […] absence of traumatic event in combination with these symptoms has high specificity for abusive head injury. […] Physical exam […] localized swelling on head […] retinal hemorrhages (60-85%) […] bruising […] may have no findings at all. […] Prognosis […] mortality rate 13-23%. […] Complications […] neuromotor abnormalities […] speech and language impairment […] seizure disorder.

• #137 Shaken Baby Syndrome: Signs and Symptoms

  https://www.webmd.com/parenting/baby/shaken-baby-syndrome

  Movement problems can include: Paralysis, Weakness, Tightening and stiffening of muscles (spasticity), Poor balance and coordination, Tremors, Swallowing problems. […] Problems with the senses can include: Trouble speaking, finding the right words, or understanding speech (aphasia), Trouble reading and writing, Slow speech, Problems identifying objects and what they do. […] Problems with daily life can include: Trouble dressing, eating, or bathing, Trouble paying bills or handling other tasks, Not being able to drive. […] Social problems can include: Trouble making friends, Not understanding social cues. […] Physical problems can include: Fatigue, Dizziness, Headache, Lack of bowel or bladder control. […] Personality issues can include: Moodiness, Short temper, Lack of motivation, Anxiety and depression, Inappropriate sexual behavior. […] Traumatic brain injuries can sometimes lead to epilepsy, which might show up years later.

• #138 Abusive Head Trauma (Shaken Baby Syndrome) (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/shaken.html

  In the most severe cases, babies and children may come to the ER, hospital, or doctor’s office not awake, having seizures, or in shock. […] In less severe cases, a shaken child may: move less than usual, be cranky and hard to comfort, throw up, have trouble sucking or swallowing, eat less than usual, not smile or coo, seem stiff, have seizures, have trouble breathing, have skin that looks blue, have pupils (the dark spots in center of the eyes) that aren’t the same size, be unable to lift their head, have trouble focusing their eyes or tracking movement. […] Abusive head trauma often causes life-long harm to the brain and, sometimes, death. […] Babies and children who survive may have: poor eyesight or blindness, hearing loss, seizures, delayed development, problems with speech and learning, problems with memory and focus, cerebral palsy, weakness or problems moving parts of the body, problems with hormones controlled by the brain. […] If a child’s problems are mild, they might not be noticed until the child starts school and has problems with learning, focus, or behavior.

• #139 Shaken Baby Syndrome: Causes and SymptomsCircleBumpCheckedFilledMedicalBookmarkBookmarkTickBookmarkAddCheckBoxCheckBoxFilled

  https://www.thebump.com/a/shaken-baby-syndrome

  How soon do symptoms of shaken baby syndrome appear? Signs may appear immediately after the incident and usually peak within four to six hours, according to the American Association of Neurological Surgeons. Since shaken baby syndrome causes brain injury, damage may not become apparent until much later, when baby is developmentally ready to crawl, walk or talk but misses the developmental milestone. […] According to the National Center on Shaken Baby Syndrome, 25 percent of babies with shaken baby syndrome die, and upward of 80 percent of surviving victims suffer from lifelong disabilities. Long-term effects of shaken baby syndrome include: Learning disabilities, Speech disabilities, Visual disabilities or blindness, Hearing impairment, Motor delays or dysfunction, including paralysis, Behavior disorders, Cognitive impairment, Cerebral palsy (a neurological disorder that affects body movement, muscle control, posture and balance), Seizures, Spasticity (a condition in which muscles continuously contract, causing stiffness and difficulty moving).

• #140 Shaken Baby Syndrome (Abusive Head Trauma): Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/13779-shaken-baby-syndrome

  Shaken baby syndrome is a very serious condition. The prognosis varies by the severity of your babys injuries but is generally poor. About 25% of babies will die due to their injuries. Death is typically caused by: Swelling and pressure within your babys skull and brain. Bleeding within your babys brain. Tears in your babys brain tissue. Up to 80% of those that survive will experience serious medical problems, severe neurological deficits and lifelong disabilities. Even babies that appear to have only mild shaken baby syndrome injuries may show signs of developmental difficulties. Shaken baby syndrome may cause disabilities including: Speech and developmental delays. Learning disabilities. Vision loss or blindness. Permanent hearing loss. Cerebral palsy. Epilepsy. Seizures. Paralysis.

• #141 Shaken Baby Syndrome – AANS

  https://www.aans.org/patients/conditions-treatments/shaken-baby-syndrome/

  Shaken Baby Syndrome (also known as Shaken Impact Syndrome) is a serious form of abuse inflicted upon a child. […] Symptoms vary and are caused by generalized brain swelling secondary to trauma. They may appear immediately after the shaking and usually reach a peak within 4-6 hours. The following signs and symptoms may indicate shaken baby syndrome: Altered level of consciousness, Drowsiness accompanied by irritability, Coma, Convulsions or seizures, Dilated pupils that do not respond to light, Decreased appetite, Vomiting, Posture in which the head is bent back and the back arched, Breathing problems and irregularities, Abnormally slow and shallow respiration, Cardiac arrest, Death. […] The prognosis for victims of shaken baby syndrome varies with the severity of injury but generally is poor. Many cases are fatal or lead to severe neurological deficits. Death is usually caused by uncontrollable increased intracranial pressure from cerebral edema, bleeding within the brain or tears in the brain tissue. However, even babies with injuries that appear to be mild may show developmental difficulties. Typically, surviving babies with this syndrome may develop any of the following disabilities: Cerebral palsy, Paralysis, Vision loss or blindness, Intellectual disability, Epilepsy, Seizures.

• #142 Shaken Baby Syndrome (Abusive Head Trauma): Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/13779-shaken-baby-syndrome

  Shaken baby syndrome is a very serious condition. The prognosis varies by the severity of your babys injuries but is generally poor. About 25% of babies will die due to their injuries. Death is typically caused by: Swelling and pressure within your babys skull and brain. Bleeding within your babys brain. Tears in your babys brain tissue. Up to 80% of those that survive will experience serious medical problems, severe neurological deficits and lifelong disabilities. Even babies that appear to have only mild shaken baby syndrome injuries may show signs of developmental difficulties. Shaken baby syndrome may cause disabilities including: Speech and developmental delays. Learning disabilities. Vision loss or blindness. Permanent hearing loss. Cerebral palsy. Epilepsy. Seizures. Paralysis.

• #143 Shaken Baby Syndrome – Facts and Figures

  https://www.health.ny.gov/prevention/injury_prevention/shaken_baby_syndrome/sbs_fact_sheet.htm

  SBS is a form of child abuse that occurs when an adult or older child violently shakes a baby or young child. […] It only takes a few seconds of violent shaking to cause permanent damage. […] Immediate symptoms of SBS include tiredness, not eating, no smiling, talking or laughing, difficulty swallowing, sucking or breathing, vomiting, difficulty staying awake, or the baby is very stiff or like a rag doll. […] Shaking can cause brain injury, cerebral palsy, blindness, hearing loss, learning and behavior problems, seizures, paralysis, and death. […] One fourth of victims of SBS die, and 80 percent of survivors suffer from permanent damage. […] An average of 33 children under the age of 4 years old are hospitalized each year for SBS.

• #144 Shaken Baby Syndrome Prevention | American SPCC – Definition, Signs, Symptoms & Effects

  https://americanspcc.org/shaken-baby-syndrome/

  Immediate SYMPTOMS of Shaken Baby Syndrome (SBS) include tiredness, not eating, no smiling, talking or laughing, difficulty swallowing, sucking or breathing, vomiting, difficulty staying awake, or the baby is very stiff or limp like a rag doll. […] SHAKING CAN CAUSE serious effects including brain injury, cerebral palsy, blindness, hearing loss, learning and behavior problems, seizures, paralysis, and death. […] It is estimated that 1,000-3,000 children in the United States suffer from Shaken Baby Syndrome (SBS) each year. […] ONE FOURTH of victims of SBS die, and 80 PERCENT of survivors suffer from permanent damage. […] Approximately 20/100,000 CHILDREN sustain Abusive Head Trauma annually.

• #145

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=hw169815

  Abusive head trauma may also be called shaken baby syndrome. […] Symptoms vary among children based on how old they are, how often they’ve been abused, how long they were abused each time, and how much force was used. […] A child with more severe injuries may have symptoms such as: Seizures. A slow heartbeat. Trouble hearing. Bleeding inside one or both eyes. […] Symptoms can start quickly, especially in a badly injured child. Other times, it may take a few days for brain swelling to cause symptoms. […] It is important to get help if something doesn’t seem right with your baby. Abusive head trauma may cause only mild symptoms at first, but any head injury in a young child can be dangerous.

• #146 Shaken Baby Syndrome: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment | Qwark

  https://qwarkhealth.com/conditions/shaken-baby-syndrome

  It is rare for a shaken baby syndrome victim to fully recover. Even with medical treatment, many victims are left with long-term physical and cognitive disabilities. […] Yes, the severity of the injury can have a significant impact on the prognosis. Those with more severe injuries tend to have worse outcomes. […] Early treatment and intervention can have a positive impact on the long-term prognosis. The sooner medical attention is received, the better the chances are for a positive outcome. […] Yes, the prognosis can vary depending on the age of the victim. Infants under the age of one are particularly vulnerable to shaken baby syndrome and tend to have worse outcomes. This is because their neck muscles are not yet fully developed, making their head heavier in proportion to their body. Additionally, their brain is still developing and is more susceptible to damage.

• #147 National Center on Shaken Baby Syndrome – Facts & Info

  https://www.dontshake.org/learn-more/item/114-facts-and-info

  Shaken Baby Syndrome/Abusive Head Trauma (SBS/AHT) is a term used to describe the constellation of signs and symptoms resulting from violent shaking or shaking and impacting of the head of an infant or small child. […] Violent shaking for just a few seconds has the potential to cause severe injuries. While shaking may cause injury to children of any age, children are most susceptible to being injured during their first year of life. […] Possible Signs and Symptoms of SBS/AHT include lethargy / decreased muscle tone, extreme irritability, decreased appetite, poor feeding or vomiting for no apparent reason, grab-type bruises on arms or chest, no smiling or vocalization, poor sucking or swallowing, rigidity or posturing, difficulty breathing, decreased level of consciousness, seizures, head or forehead appears larger than usual, soft spot on head appears to be bulging, inability to lift head, inability of eyes to focus or track movement, and unequal size of pupils. […] Upwards of 80% of surviving victims of SBS/AHT suffer lifelong disabilities. […] Approximately 25% of victims of SBS/AHT die. […] SBS/AHT occurs most often in babies less than 6 months old.

• #148 Shaken Baby Syndrome: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment | Qwark

  https://qwarkhealth.com/conditions/shaken-baby-syndrome

  It is rare for a shaken baby syndrome victim to fully recover. Even with medical treatment, many victims are left with long-term physical and cognitive disabilities. […] Yes, the severity of the injury can have a significant impact on the prognosis. Those with more severe injuries tend to have worse outcomes. […] Early treatment and intervention can have a positive impact on the long-term prognosis. The sooner medical attention is received, the better the chances are for a positive outcome. […] Yes, the prognosis can vary depending on the age of the victim. Infants under the age of one are particularly vulnerable to shaken baby syndrome and tend to have worse outcomes. This is because their neck muscles are not yet fully developed, making their head heavier in proportion to their body. Additionally, their brain is still developing and is more susceptible to damage.

• #149 Shaken Baby Syndrome: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment | Qwark

  https://qwarkhealth.com/conditions/shaken-baby-syndrome

  It is rare for a shaken baby syndrome victim to fully recover. Even with medical treatment, many victims are left with long-term physical and cognitive disabilities. […] Yes, the severity of the injury can have a significant impact on the prognosis. Those with more severe injuries tend to have worse outcomes. […] Early treatment and intervention can have a positive impact on the long-term prognosis. The sooner medical attention is received, the better the chances are for a positive outcome. […] Yes, the prognosis can vary depending on the age of the victim. Infants under the age of one are particularly vulnerable to shaken baby syndrome and tend to have worse outcomes. This is because their neck muscles are not yet fully developed, making their head heavier in proportion to their body. Additionally, their brain is still developing and is more susceptible to damage.

• #150

  https://www.aapos.org/glossary/shaken-baby-syndrome

  Shaken baby syndrome (SBS), also known as non-accidental trauma (NAT), is a diagnosis that may include a combination of findings including broken long bones such as arms or legs, skull fractures, brain bleeding and retinal hemorrhages. […] Most children who are victims of SBS are under one year of age, with many of them being under six months of age. […] Injuries from SBS can lead to permanent visual and developmental disabilities, or even death. […] Retinal hemorrhages often resolve without treatment, but a vitreous hemorrhage may not. A vitreous hemorrhage can quickly cause amblyopia (lazy eye) by blocking the vision out of the eye. […] Permanent damage to vision can also occur as a result of direct injury to the eye or the brain. Damage to the brain is the main reason for poor vision. […] Scarring of the retina or atrophy of the optic nerve may show up months after the injury and is usually irreversible. […] Brain injury may also lead to developmental delays, seizures, paralysis, and even death. Nearly a quarter of shaken infants can die from their injuries.

• #151

  https://www.aapos.org/glossary/shaken-baby-syndrome

  Shaken baby syndrome (SBS), also known as non-accidental trauma (NAT), is a diagnosis that may include a combination of findings including broken long bones such as arms or legs, skull fractures, brain bleeding and retinal hemorrhages. […] Most children who are victims of SBS are under one year of age, with many of them being under six months of age. […] Injuries from SBS can lead to permanent visual and developmental disabilities, or even death. […] Retinal hemorrhages often resolve without treatment, but a vitreous hemorrhage may not. A vitreous hemorrhage can quickly cause amblyopia (lazy eye) by blocking the vision out of the eye. […] Permanent damage to vision can also occur as a result of direct injury to the eye or the brain. Damage to the brain is the main reason for poor vision. […] Scarring of the retina or atrophy of the optic nerve may show up months after the injury and is usually irreversible. […] Brain injury may also lead to developmental delays, seizures, paralysis, and even death. Nearly a quarter of shaken infants can die from their injuries.

• #152 Dallas-Area Attorneys Advocate for Victims of Shaken Baby Syndrome | The Button Law Firm, PLLC

  https://www.buttonlawfirm.com/practice_areas/dallas-area-attorneys-advocate-for-victims-of-shaken-baby-syndrome.cfm

  Shaken Baby Syndrome, or SBS, happens when a caregiver violently shakes a child. According to The Mayo Clinic, SBS destroys a childs brain cells, and prevents the brain from getting enough oxygen, resulting in severe brain damage or sometimes death. When a baby is shaken, their brain moves around in the skull, causing bruising, swelling, and bleeding. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the injuries from SBS are similar to what an adult may experience from repeated car crashes. […] According to the CDC, babies less than a year old are at the greatest risk for SBS, with the highest risk being for babies who are between two and four months old. […] Since young children are unable to tell parents or caregivers what has happened to them, its important to be aware of the symptoms of SBS. They can be wide-ranging and include: Extreme fussiness or irritability, Difficulty staying awake, Breathing problems, Poor eating, Vomiting, Pale or bluish skin, Seizures, Paralysis, Coma.

• #153 Shaken baby syndrome: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/007578.htm

  Shaken baby syndrome is a severe form of child abuse caused by violently shaking an infant or child. […] Shaken baby syndrome can occur from as little as 5 seconds of shaking. […] Shaken baby injuries most often occur in children younger than 2 years old, but may be seen in children up to 5 years old. […] When an infant or toddler is shaken, the brain bounces back and forth against the skull. This can cause bruising of the brain (cerebral contusion), swelling, pressure, and bleeding in the brain. The large veins along the outside of the brain may tear, leading to further bleeding, swelling, and increased pressure. This can easily cause permanent brain damage or death. […] The symptoms can vary, ranging from mild to severe. They may include: Convulsions (seizures), Decreased alertness, Extreme irritability or other changes in behavior, Lethargy, sleepiness, not smiling, Loss of consciousness, Loss of vision, No breathing, Pale or bluish skin, Poor feeding, lack of appetite, Vomiting.

• #154 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/Symptoms-of-Shaken-Baby-Syndrome.aspx

  Also called abusive head trauma, shaken baby syndrome (SBS) is the end result of an infant being violently shaken. It is the main cause of death or neurological injury in infants who are abused. […] The clinical hallmarks of SBS are retinal and subdural hemorrhages. Subdural hemorrhages are the most common lesions seen in SBS. The ensuing symptoms are mostly due to the increased ICP. […] Infants may present with irritability of extreme proportions, lethargy, vomiting, poor feeding, and/ or appetite, blue or pale colored skin, unconsciousness, convulsions, and coma. […] Other clinical features include bruises, tremors, increased head circumference, and bulging fontanelles (i.e. soft spots on the head). Mild symptoms associated with SBS may be so subtle that they go unnoticed or their non-specificity cause them to be overlooked.

• #155

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=hw169815

  Abusive head trauma may also be called shaken baby syndrome. […] Symptoms vary among children based on how old they are, how often they’ve been abused, how long they were abused each time, and how much force was used. […] A child with more severe injuries may have symptoms such as: Seizures. A slow heartbeat. Trouble hearing. Bleeding inside one or both eyes. […] Symptoms can start quickly, especially in a badly injured child. Other times, it may take a few days for brain swelling to cause symptoms. […] It is important to get help if something doesn’t seem right with your baby. Abusive head trauma may cause only mild symptoms at first, but any head injury in a young child can be dangerous.

• #156 Shaken Baby Syndrome: Signs and Symptoms

  https://www.webmd.com/parenting/baby/shaken-baby-syndrome

  Movement problems can include: Paralysis, Weakness, Tightening and stiffening of muscles (spasticity), Poor balance and coordination, Tremors, Swallowing problems. […] Problems with the senses can include: Trouble speaking, finding the right words, or understanding speech (aphasia), Trouble reading and writing, Slow speech, Problems identifying objects and what they do. […] Problems with daily life can include: Trouble dressing, eating, or bathing, Trouble paying bills or handling other tasks, Not being able to drive. […] Social problems can include: Trouble making friends, Not understanding social cues. […] Physical problems can include: Fatigue, Dizziness, Headache, Lack of bowel or bladder control. […] Personality issues can include: Moodiness, Short temper, Lack of motivation, Anxiety and depression, Inappropriate sexual behavior. […] Traumatic brain injuries can sometimes lead to epilepsy, which might show up years later.

• #157 Shaken baby syndrome: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/shaken-baby-syndrome

  Shaken baby syndrome is a severe form of child abuse caused by violently shaking an infant or child. […] Shaken baby syndrome can occur from as little as 5 seconds of shaking. […] Shaken baby injuries most often occur in children younger than 2 years old, but may be seen in children up to 5 years old. […] When an infant or toddler is shaken, the brain bounces back and forth against the skull. This can cause bruising of the brain (cerebral contusion), swelling, pressure, and bleeding in the brain. […] The symptoms can vary, ranging from mild to severe. They may include: Convulsions (seizures), Decreased alertness, Extreme irritability or other changes in behavior, Lethargy, sleepiness, not smiling, Loss of consciousness, Loss of vision, No breathing, Pale or bluish skin, Poor feeding, lack of appetite, Vomiting. […] There may not be any physical signs of injury, such as bruising, bleeding, or swelling. […] An eye doctor may find bleeding behind the baby’s eye or retinal detachment.

• #158 Shaken baby syndrome: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/007578.htm

  Shaken baby syndrome is a severe form of child abuse caused by violently shaking an infant or child. […] Shaken baby syndrome can occur from as little as 5 seconds of shaking. […] Shaken baby injuries most often occur in children younger than 2 years old, but may be seen in children up to 5 years old. […] When an infant or toddler is shaken, the brain bounces back and forth against the skull. This can cause bruising of the brain (cerebral contusion), swelling, pressure, and bleeding in the brain. The large veins along the outside of the brain may tear, leading to further bleeding, swelling, and increased pressure. This can easily cause permanent brain damage or death. […] The symptoms can vary, ranging from mild to severe. They may include: Convulsions (seizures), Decreased alertness, Extreme irritability or other changes in behavior, Lethargy, sleepiness, not smiling, Loss of consciousness, Loss of vision, No breathing, Pale or bluish skin, Poor feeding, lack of appetite, Vomiting.

• #159 Shaken Baby Syndrome: Signs and Symptoms

  https://www.webmd.com/parenting/baby/shaken-baby-syndrome

  Movement problems can include: Paralysis, Weakness, Tightening and stiffening of muscles (spasticity), Poor balance and coordination, Tremors, Swallowing problems. […] Problems with the senses can include: Trouble speaking, finding the right words, or understanding speech (aphasia), Trouble reading and writing, Slow speech, Problems identifying objects and what they do. […] Problems with daily life can include: Trouble dressing, eating, or bathing, Trouble paying bills or handling other tasks, Not being able to drive. […] Social problems can include: Trouble making friends, Not understanding social cues. […] Physical problems can include: Fatigue, Dizziness, Headache, Lack of bowel or bladder control. […] Personality issues can include: Moodiness, Short temper, Lack of motivation, Anxiety and depression, Inappropriate sexual behavior. […] Traumatic brain injuries can sometimes lead to epilepsy, which might show up years later.

• #160 Shaken Baby Syndrome: Signs and Symptoms

  https://www.webmd.com/parenting/baby/shaken-baby-syndrome

  Shaken baby syndrome is a serious brain injury that happens to a baby or young child when its shaken with force. The impact kills the babys brain cells and keeps oxygen from getting to the brain. […] Symptoms include: Vomiting, Bluish skin, Tremors or shakes, Breathing issues, Drowsiness, Less interest in eating, Trouble sucking, No more smiling or talking, Low energy or decreased muscle tone, Extreme crankiness, Rigidity, Seizures, Not being able to lift their head. […] Shaken baby syndrome leads to long-term disabilities in about 80% of cases. It causes a traumatic brain injury, specifically what’s called a closed-brain injury. […] Thinking problems can include: Confusion, Short attention span, Memory problems, Trouble with judgment, Not being able to understand abstract concepts, Not being able to follow directions beyond one or two steps.

• #161 Shaken Baby Syndrome: Signs and Symptoms

  https://www.webmd.com/parenting/baby/shaken-baby-syndrome

  Movement problems can include: Paralysis, Weakness, Tightening and stiffening of muscles (spasticity), Poor balance and coordination, Tremors, Swallowing problems. […] Problems with the senses can include: Trouble speaking, finding the right words, or understanding speech (aphasia), Trouble reading and writing, Slow speech, Problems identifying objects and what they do. […] Problems with daily life can include: Trouble dressing, eating, or bathing, Trouble paying bills or handling other tasks, Not being able to drive. […] Social problems can include: Trouble making friends, Not understanding social cues. […] Physical problems can include: Fatigue, Dizziness, Headache, Lack of bowel or bladder control. […] Personality issues can include: Moodiness, Short temper, Lack of motivation, Anxiety and depression, Inappropriate sexual behavior. […] Traumatic brain injuries can sometimes lead to epilepsy, which might show up years later.

• #162 Shaken Baby Syndrome Cases: Symptoms & Compensation for SBS

  https://www.wkw.com/birth-injuries/blog/shaken-baby-syndrome-cases/

  Shaken baby syndrome is one of the most common forms of abusive head trauma, a category of physical child abuse. Abusive head trauma can refer to any traumatic brain injury caused by an abuser. However, shaken baby syndrome refers specifically to an assortment of symptoms and injuries that result from a baby being shaken violently. […] The immediate signs of shaken baby syndrome often include: Bruises on the arms or chest (where theyve been grabbed), Being extra sleepy, Being extra irritable, Not smiling or babbling, Not eating well or vomiting, Problems with breathing, Seizures, Swelling at the soft spot on top of their head, Eyes dont focus or follow movement. […] According to the American Academy of Pediatricians (AAP), almost 25% of infants affected by shaken baby syndrome die. Of those who survive, about 70% have long-term neurological problems. These problems include: Permanent brain damage, which can affect: Motor control, Intellectual ability, Learning ability, Behavior, Cerebral palsy, a disorder that affects coordination, balance, and movement and may be accompanied by intellectual disabilities and problems with speech and vision, Cortical blindness, a partial or total loss of sight caused by damage to the area of the brain that processes input from the eyes, Seizures.

• #163 Shaken baby syndrome (SBS) Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments

  https://www.upmc.com/services/womens-health/conditions/shaken-baby-syndrome

  If your baby experiences any of the above symptoms, take your child to an emergency department immediately. Treatment for SBS must be given as soon as possible to limit the impact of brain damage. […] Nearly 25% of infants who experience SBS die from their injuries. […] An estimated 80% of babies that survive shaken baby syndrome will have lifelong disabilities. The damage from SBS often leads to other serious conditions.

• #164 Shaken baby syndrome

  https://www.babycenter.com/health/safety-and-childproofing/shaken-baby-syndrome_1501729

  Shaken baby syndrome is when an adult violently shakes a child, causing serious brain injury. […] Symptoms vary but are caused by brain swelling. They may appear immediately after the shaking and usually reach a peak within 4 to 6 hours. […] In the most severe cases, a baby will have seizures or not be able to wake up. In less severe cases, a shaken child may have seizures or may: Move less than usual, Be cranky and hard to comfort, Throw up, Have trouble sucking or swallowing, Eat less than usual, Not smile or coo, Seem stiff, Have trouble breathing, Have skin that looks blue, Have pupils that aren’t the same size, Be unable to lift their head, Have trouble focusing their eyes or tracking movement. […] If you suspect your child is suffering from shaken baby syndrome, call 911 right away. Every moment counts in terms of minimizing the damage from a baby’s head injury.

• #165 What is Shaken Baby Syndrome? | BrainLine

  https://www.brainline.org/article/what-shaken-baby-syndrome

  When a baby or young child is violently shaken, the head rolls back and forth, causing his or her brain to hit the skull. This causes swelling and bleeding of the brain even the eyes can bleed. It only takes a few seconds of shaking to cause permanent damage to a child. Shaking can result in: […] Signs and Symptoms of Shaken Baby Syndrome: Extreme irritability, Baby is very stiff or like a rag doll, Lethargy, Seizures, Not eating or poor appetite, Dilated pupils, Feeding problems, Difficulty breathing, Vomiting, Blood spots in eyes. […] If you think your child has been shaken, call 911 or bring your baby to the nearest emergency room immediately. Getting medical attention right away could save your child’s life.

• #166 Shaken baby syndrome – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/shaken-baby-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20366619

  Symptoms of shaken baby syndrome may include: […] Extreme fussiness or irritability. […] Difficulty staying awake. […] Breathing problems. […] Poor eating. […] Vomiting. […] Pale or discolored skin. […] Seizures. […] Paralysis. […] Coma. […] While sometimes a child may have bruising on the face, you may not see signs of physical injury to the child’s outer body. Injuries that might not be seen immediately include: […] Bleeding in the brain and eyes. […] Spinal cord damage. […] Fractures of the ribs, skull, legs and other bones. […] Children with shaken baby syndrome often show symptoms of prior child abuse. […] In mild cases of shaken baby syndrome, children may appear OK after being shaken. But they may develop health or behavioral problems over time.

• #167

  https://www.healthychildren.org/English/safety-prevention/at-home/Pages/Abusive-Head-Trauma-Shaken-Baby-Syndrome.aspx

  Shaken baby syndrome and other forms of abusive head trauma too often results in the death of a child. It also can lead to: […] Victims of abusive head trauma may show one or all of the following signs and symptoms: […] Irritability […] Lethargy (trouble staying awake) […] Trouble breathing […] Vomiting […] Seizures […] Decreased alertness […] Coma (unable to be awakened)

• #168 Shaken baby syndrome – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/shaken-baby-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20366619

  Symptoms of shaken baby syndrome may include: […] Extreme fussiness or irritability. […] Difficulty staying awake. […] Breathing problems. […] Poor eating. […] Vomiting. […] Pale or discolored skin. […] Seizures. […] Paralysis. […] Coma. […] While sometimes a child may have bruising on the face, you may not see signs of physical injury to the child’s outer body. Injuries that might not be seen immediately include: […] Bleeding in the brain and eyes. […] Spinal cord damage. […] Fractures of the ribs, skull, legs and other bones. […] Children with shaken baby syndrome often show symptoms of prior child abuse. […] In mild cases of shaken baby syndrome, children may appear OK after being shaken. But they may develop health or behavioral problems over time.

• #169

  https://www.healthychildren.org/English/safety-prevention/at-home/Pages/Abusive-Head-Trauma-Shaken-Baby-Syndrome.aspx

  Shaken baby syndrome and other forms of abusive head trauma too often results in the death of a child. It also can lead to: […] Victims of abusive head trauma may show one or all of the following signs and symptoms: […] Irritability […] Lethargy (trouble staying awake) […] Trouble breathing […] Vomiting […] Seizures […] Decreased alertness […] Coma (unable to be awakened)

• #170 Shaken baby syndrome: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/shaken-baby-syndrome

  Shaken baby syndrome is a severe form of child abuse caused by violently shaking an infant or child. […] Shaken baby syndrome can occur from as little as 5 seconds of shaking. […] Shaken baby injuries most often occur in children younger than 2 years old, but may be seen in children up to 5 years old. […] When an infant or toddler is shaken, the brain bounces back and forth against the skull. This can cause bruising of the brain (cerebral contusion), swelling, pressure, and bleeding in the brain. […] The symptoms can vary, ranging from mild to severe. They may include: Convulsions (seizures), Decreased alertness, Extreme irritability or other changes in behavior, Lethargy, sleepiness, not smiling, Loss of consciousness, Loss of vision, No breathing, Pale or bluish skin, Poor feeding, lack of appetite, Vomiting. […] There may not be any physical signs of injury, such as bruising, bleeding, or swelling. […] An eye doctor may find bleeding behind the baby’s eye or retinal detachment.

• #171 Shaken baby syndrome – HonorHealth

  https://www.honorhealth.com/medical-services/maternity/shaken-baby-syndrome

  Shaken baby syndrome has several signs and symptoms. Severe cases typically exhibit obvious symptoms and often result in critical neurological consequences or death. Signs and symptoms of shaken baby syndrome include: Lethargy/decreased muscle tone, Extreme irritability, Decreased appetite, poor feeding or vomiting for no apparent reason, No reaction to sounds or acting lifeless, No smiling or vocalization, Poor sucking or swallowing, Inability to lift head, Inability of eyes to focus or track movement or unequal size of pupils, Head or forehead appears larger than usual or a soft spot on the head appears to be bulging, Rigidity or posturing, Seizures, Irregular, difficult or lack of breathing. […] Less severe cases may not show immediate symptoms or noticeable injury and, therefore, may not be brought to the attention of medical professionals. Although these cases may never be diagnosed or reported, they’re still capable of causing long-term damage or consequences. Possible long-term effects include: Physical and learning disabilities, Visual impairment or blindness, Hearing impairment, Speech disabilities, Cerebral palsy, Seizures, Behavioral disorders, Death. […] It only takes seconds of shaking to cause irreversible brain damage in an infant.

• #172 Shaken baby syndrome – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/shaken-baby-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20366619

  Symptoms of shaken baby syndrome may include: […] Extreme fussiness or irritability. […] Difficulty staying awake. […] Breathing problems. […] Poor eating. […] Vomiting. […] Pale or discolored skin. […] Seizures. […] Paralysis. […] Coma. […] While sometimes a child may have bruising on the face, you may not see signs of physical injury to the child’s outer body. Injuries that might not be seen immediately include: […] Bleeding in the brain and eyes. […] Spinal cord damage. […] Fractures of the ribs, skull, legs and other bones. […] Children with shaken baby syndrome often show symptoms of prior child abuse. […] In mild cases of shaken baby syndrome, children may appear OK after being shaken. But they may develop health or behavioral problems over time.

• #173 Shaken baby syndrome: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/shaken-baby-syndrome

  Shaken baby syndrome is a severe form of child abuse caused by violently shaking an infant or child. […] Shaken baby syndrome can occur from as little as 5 seconds of shaking. […] Shaken baby injuries most often occur in children younger than 2 years old, but may be seen in children up to 5 years old. […] When an infant or toddler is shaken, the brain bounces back and forth against the skull. This can cause bruising of the brain (cerebral contusion), swelling, pressure, and bleeding in the brain. […] The symptoms can vary, ranging from mild to severe. They may include: Convulsions (seizures), Decreased alertness, Extreme irritability or other changes in behavior, Lethargy, sleepiness, not smiling, Loss of consciousness, Loss of vision, No breathing, Pale or bluish skin, Poor feeding, lack of appetite, Vomiting. […] There may not be any physical signs of injury, such as bruising, bleeding, or swelling. […] An eye doctor may find bleeding behind the baby’s eye or retinal detachment.

• #174 Shaken Baby Syndrome Prevention, Children Ages Birth to Four Years

  https://www.health.ny.gov/prevention/injury_prevention/children/fact_sheets/birth-4_years/shaken_baby_syndrome_prevention_birth-4_years.htm

  SBS occurs when an adult violently shakes an infant or young child. The baby’s brain moves back and forth within the skull, which can cause bleeding within the skull. […] Shaking can cause: Permanent brain damage, Cerebral palsy, Blindness, Hearing loss, Learning behavior problems, Seizures, Paralysis (loss of the use of arms and legs), Death. […] What are the immediate signs that a baby may have been shaken? Extreme irritability (fussy), Not eating/ poor appetite, No smiling or vocalization (talking), Difficulty swallowing, sucking, or breathing, Head or forehead is larger than usual, Dilated pupils/ pupils different sizes, Baby is very stiff or like a rag doll, Vomiting, Seizures, Difficulty staying awake. […] Call 911 immediately! Emergency medical care could prevent permanent brain damage, or even save the baby’s life.

• #175 Shaken baby syndrome (SBS) Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments

  https://www.upmc.com/services/womens-health/conditions/shaken-baby-syndrome

  Shaken baby syndrome (SBS) is a traumatic brain injury that an infant can suffer after having been shaken violently. While the immediate damage is done to the brain, the lasting effects can be serious and life-long, such as seizures, learning impairments, and even blindness. […] The brain injury occurs when a baby is shaken to the point that the brain moves within and hits the interior of the skull. This impact may result in bruising, bleeding, and/or swelling of the brain. […] The are a few key symptoms that could be signs of shaken baby syndrome. They include: Bleeding in the eye. Difficulty breathing. Difficulty sucking or swallowing. Extreme irritability or discomfort. Enlarged head or forehead. Inability to lift the head. Inability of the eyes to follow an object. Paleness or blue-colored skin. Vomiting. Unconsciousness. Unequal pupil sizes.

• #176 Shaken baby syndrome

  https://www.babycenter.com/health/safety-and-childproofing/shaken-baby-syndrome_1501729

  Shaken baby syndrome is when an adult violently shakes a child, causing serious brain injury. […] Symptoms vary but are caused by brain swelling. They may appear immediately after the shaking and usually reach a peak within 4 to 6 hours. […] In the most severe cases, a baby will have seizures or not be able to wake up. In less severe cases, a shaken child may have seizures or may: Move less than usual, Be cranky and hard to comfort, Throw up, Have trouble sucking or swallowing, Eat less than usual, Not smile or coo, Seem stiff, Have trouble breathing, Have skin that looks blue, Have pupils that aren’t the same size, Be unable to lift their head, Have trouble focusing their eyes or tracking movement. […] If you suspect your child is suffering from shaken baby syndrome, call 911 right away. Every moment counts in terms of minimizing the damage from a baby’s head injury.

• #177 Shaken Baby Syndrome – Avoiding what can be deadly

  https://love-radius.com/en/571-syndrome-du-bebe-secoue-eviter-ce-qui-peut-etre-mortel-

  This syndrome affects more than one baby a day in France! […] Clearly, you should NEVER shake baby. There can be serious after-effects, not just death. […] At such a young age, the consequences on the child’s brain development are important and irreversible. […] Sometimes the consequences are immediate, but not always! They can appear later. […] You won’t always physically see the symptoms of shaken baby. Then watch for these symptoms that may alert you: unusual sleepiness, loss of motor skills/previously acquired skills such as holding his head or sitting up, lasting irritability, less good contact, difficulty breathing, lethargy, abnormal movements, vomiting without fever and diarrhea and for no apparent reason, eye problems, no response to stimuli. […] If you spot any symptoms or hesitate, contact emergency services by calling 999 or 112. The faster the treatment, the less neurological consequences.

• #178

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=hw169815

  Abusive head trauma may also be called shaken baby syndrome. […] Symptoms vary among children based on how old they are, how often they’ve been abused, how long they were abused each time, and how much force was used. […] A child with more severe injuries may have symptoms such as: Seizures. A slow heartbeat. Trouble hearing. Bleeding inside one or both eyes. […] Symptoms can start quickly, especially in a badly injured child. Other times, it may take a few days for brain swelling to cause symptoms. […] It is important to get help if something doesn’t seem right with your baby. Abusive head trauma may cause only mild symptoms at first, but any head injury in a young child can be dangerous.

• #179

  https://www.nuhs.edu.sg/patient-care/find-a-condition/shaken-baby-syndrome

  At presentation, the medical team might pick up some of these additional signs: Decreased or increased muscle tone, Pallor, Retinal haemorrhages (blood pooling in eyes), Bulging or spongy anterior fontanelle, Increased head circumference, Presence of multiple bruises elsewhere on body, Poor weight gain (failure to thrive). […] It is important to see a doctor urgently if the child develops any of the above mentioned symptoms or if you suspect the child has been a victim of Shaken Baby Syndrome. […] Early medical intervention may save the child’s life but most affected children who survive tend to have permanent significant neurodisability.

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