Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Prevention of shaken baby syndrome: Never shake a baby

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2721176/

  Shaken baby syndrome (SBS) represents injuries to the head, skeleton and eyes of a young child and is the leading cause of fatal or life-threatening child abuse. SBS is preventable. […] Simple educational programs and community nursing support programs have been shown to be helpful. […] This article outlines the evidence for interventions in the prevention of SBS and recommendations for health care providers and educators. […] Widely targeted programs that educate the public regarding the dangers of shaking babies have been recommended for over 30 years. […] Included in this statement is the recommendation to provide the general public and targeted audiences not just with the caution regarding shaking a baby but with guidance for coping with the demands of a baby. […] Parent education cards on such topics as constant crying, feeding problems, temper tantrums and toilet training, developed to contain information on appropriate expectations of children and nonviolent approaches to behaviour management have demonstrated effectiveness in changing parents knowledge and reported behaviour. […] The prevention of inflicted head injury has been targeted with information cards as part of a Don’t Shake the Baby project for new parents.

• #1

  https://www.healthychildren.org/English/safety-prevention/at-home/Pages/Abusive-Head-Trauma-Shaken-Baby-Syndrome.aspx

  One of the skills all parents and caregivers need to learn is how to cope with stress. This is especially important when there seems to be no end to a baby’s crying. Reacting impulsively in anger or frustration can be harmful or deadly. […] Keeping your baby safe is the most important thing you can do. It is normal to feel upset, frustrated or even angry, but it is important to keep your behavior under control. Remember, it is never safe to shake, throw, hit, slam or jerk any child and it never solves the problem! […] Hurting a crying baby is never OK. Anyone who cares for your children, including parents, child care providers, boyfriends, girlfriends, older siblings, grandparents and neighbors, should know about the dangers of shaking or striking a baby’s head.

• #2 Shaken Infant Syndrome and Abusive Head Trauma Preventionsearchicon-menusearchicon-addressicon-phoneicon-emailicon-youtubeicon-twittericon-facebookicon-instagram

  https://pcain.org/prevention-resources/shaken-infant-syndrome-abusive-head-trauma-prevention/

  Prevent Child Abuse Indiana, Indiana Youth Services Association, and The Health Foundation of Greater Indianapolis joined forces to raise awareness about child abuse prevention and shaken baby syndrome, or “abusive head trauma,” reaching out to men and talking about ways to relieve frustration and build stronger bonds with the little one. […] Frustration with crying is the number one reason why babies and young children are shaken. […] The important thing for fathers is to be cool; be calm; and call someone if you need to. Take a time out, but don’t take it out on a baby. […] Shaken Baby Syndrome (SBS), a form of abusive head trauma (AHT) and inflicted traumatic brain injury (ITBI), is a preventable and severe form of physical child abuse. […] Abusive head trauma is the leading cause of physical child abuse deaths in the United States. […] Babies less than one year old are at greatest risk of injury from abusive head trauma. […] The most common trigger for abusive head trauma is inconsolable or excessive crying.

• #3 Prevent Abusive Head Trauma

  https://johnshopkinshealthcare.staywellsolutionsonline.com/SummerHeat/1,1103

  Abusive head trauma (AHT), which includes shaken baby syndrome, is a severe form of physical child abuse. It results in injury to the brain of a child. AHT is a leading cause of physical child abuse deaths in children under 5 in the U.S. Babies less than 1 year old are at the greatest risk of injury from AHT. AHT can be prevented. […] Shaking, hitting, throwing, or dropping babies and toddlers can have dangerous results. […] Many new parents and caregivers may not understand that crying is the baby’s only way to communicate, and that some babies cry more than others. […] If you’re feeling overly tense or angry and you think you may shake, throw, or hit your baby, lay them in a safe place such as the crib and walk away for a short break. Call a friend or a family member and try to get help taking care of your baby. Sometimes being the primary caregiver can be overwhelming. Asking for help is the best thing to do for both you and your baby. […] These tips should be also shared with all of your child’s caregivers because babysitters and partners of the parent often feel frustrated by persistent crying.

• #4 Shaken Baby Syndrome Prevention | American SPCC – Definition, Signs, Symptoms & Effects

  https://americanspcc.org/shaken-baby-syndrome/

  Never Shake A Baby! […] Shaken Baby Syndrome (SBS) is preventable. […] The number one reason a child is shaken is because a parent or caregiver becomes so frustrated with a baby’s crying that they lose control and begin to shake them. […] The best thing that parents and caretakers can do is stay calm. […] Parental education is crucial for prevention of more cases of shaken baby syndrome.

• #5 Long-term outcomes of the shaken baby syndrome prevention program: Turkey’s experience

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4462299/

  Shaken baby syndrome (SBS) is a condition which may cause to serious health problems in the baby. SBS may be prevented by increasing awareness with giving education to parents especially in the early postnatal period. […] In Shaken Baby Syndrome prevention programs (SBSPP), education is recommended to be given before 24 months which is the period when the frequency of crying of babies is increased. It is important that the education given in the early period is permanent until the time when the frequency of crying is increased. […] Conclusively, it was found that SBS prevention program education was permanent until the 24th month. […] Shaken baby syndrome is a preventable problem. Prevention has become important, because it is late when the child is shaken and abused. […] Education is given to prevent this syndrome in the world especially in developed countries. During this education, it is important to explain to everybody who takes care of babies that crying is a normal part of the baby’s development, to teach coping with a crying baby and pacifying methods and to give information about the harms of shaking.

• #6 Shaken Baby Syndrome Prevention, Children Ages Birth to Four Years

  https://www.health.ny.gov/prevention/injury_prevention/children/fact_sheets/birth-4_years/shaken_baby_syndrome_prevention_birth-4_years.htm

  Shaken Baby Syndrome Prevention, Children Ages Birth to Four Years […] The most important thing is to make sure that every person who cares for your child knows to never, ever shake a baby. […] Talk to your family, friends, and babysitters about the dangers of SBS. […] Make sure that anyone caring for your child knows that it is okay to call you if they become upset and need a break. […] Share ideas for calming your baby with caregivers before you leave them alone with your child. […] Remember, no baby has ever died from crying. It is better to leave your baby in a safe spot (like a crib) while you take a short break than to risk becoming upset and hurting your child. Please share the information in this factsheet with everyone who cares for your child.

• #7 Abusive Head Trauma | Children’s Trust Fund of Missouri

  https://ctf4kids.org/abusive-head-trauma/

  The Childrens Trust Funds Prevent Shaken Baby Syndrome public education campaign is designed to heighten the awareness of the dangers of shaking a baby and encourage a plan of prevention. […] SBS/AHT can be prevented. Make sure that everyone who cares for your child knows about the dangers of shaking and give them permission to contact you anytime they become frustrated or angry. […] CTF has available rack cards, radio and television public service announcements to support the campaign. […] Hospitals throughout Missouri incorporate the prevention DVD into their newborn and childbirth programs and has approval from DHSS to satisfy State Statute 191.748 RSMo that requires every Missouri hospital and healthcare facility that provides obstetrical services to offer to view a video to new parents about the prevention of Shaken Baby Syndrome (SBS).

• #8 8. Interventions and Prevention of SBS/AHT | ATrain Education

  https://www.atrainceu.com/content/8-interventions-and-prevention-sbsaht

  The first thing to know is that crying in a young baby is often normal; its part of their neurological development. […] Giving parents and caregivers tools that help them cope with frustration while caring for a baby are important components of any SBS prevention program. […] Many prevention and education programs strive to raise awareness about SBS, educate parents and other caregivers about the serious effects of SBS-related injuries, and inform them about infant crying behavior and safe ways to reduce and prevent SBS injuries. […] The Period of PURPLE Crying program is a public health education approach to SBS/AHT that recognizes excessive crying as a normal part of child development. […] The PURPLE program also emphasizes three main points: Parents are encouraged to use typical calming responses (carry, comfort, walk, talk) with their infants.

• #9

  https://journals.lww.com/jtrauma/fulltext/2011/12000/shaken_baby_syndrome_and_a_triple_dose_strategy.54.aspx

  Inflicted traumatic brain injury associated with Shaken Baby Syndrome (SBS) is a leading cause of injury mortality and morbidity in infants. A triple-dose SBS prevention program was implemented with the aim to reduce the incidence of SBS. […] Implementing a triple-dose prevention program that provides education on crying patterns, coping strategies, and the dangers of shaking is key to SBS prevention. The program increased knowledge. Parents rated the program as useful. The media campaign allowed us to extend the primary prevention beyond new parents to help create a cultural change in the way crying, the primary trigger for SBS, is viewed. Targeting our intervention increased the likelihood that our message was reaching the population in greatest need.

• #10 Early Childhood Peace Consortium

  https://ecdpeace.org/shaken-baby-syndrome-and-triple-dose-strategy-its-prevention

  Shaken baby syndrome and a triple-dose strategy for its prevention. […] Inflicted traumatic brain injury associated with Shaken Baby Syndrome (SBS) is a leading cause of injury mortality and morbidity in infants. A triple-dose SBS prevention program was implemented with the aim to reduce the incidence of SBS. […] Implementing a triple-dose prevention program that provides education on crying patterns, coping strategies, and the dangers of shaking is key to SBS prevention. The program increased knowledge. Parents rated the program as useful. The media campaign allowed us to extend the primary prevention beyond new parents to help create a cultural change in the way crying, the primary trigger for SBS, is viewed. Targeting our intervention increased the likelihood that our message was reaching the population in greatest need.

• #11 Shaken Baby Syndrome

  https://oklahoma.gov/health/health-education/children—family-health/improving-infant-outcomes/injury-prevention-for-babies/shaken-baby-syndrome.html

  Shake a hand, shake a rug but never shake a baby. Shaking a baby can cause blindness, permanent brain damage, even death. Shaken baby syndrome (SBS) is the leading cause of death in abusive head trauma (AHT) cases. An estimated 1,200 to 1,400 children are injured or killed by shaking every year in the U.S. Over 300 babies a year die from being shaken in the U.S. […] What you can do to prevent Shaken Baby Syndrome: Never shake a child, especially under the age of six for any reason! Always provide support for the babys head when holding, playing with or transporting him or her. Learn what to do if a baby will not stop crying. Remember that all babies cry, some a lot, during the first few months of life. Make sure that everyone who cares for the child (including baby-sitters, childcare providers, and relatives) knows the dangers of shaking babies. Play gently with babies. […] Learn more about how to prevent Shaken Baby Syndrome (Abusive Head Trauma).

• #12 Shaken Baby Syndrome | Department of Health | Commonwealth of Pennsylvania

  https://www.pa.gov/agencies/health/programs/maternal-health-and-infant-care/shaken-baby-syndrome.html

  Act No. 2002 – 176, Shaken Baby Syndrome Education and Prevention Program signed in December 2002. […] The Act requires hospitals to: provide parents educational materials on SBS free of charge […] present parents with a voluntary commitment statement indicating that they have received the educational materials.

• #13 Shaken Baby Syndrome and Abusive Head Trauma (AHT) | Wisconsin Department of Public Instruction

  https://dpi.wi.gov/sbs

  Shaken Baby Syndrome, ACT 165 legislation was enacted on March 21, 2006. AN ACT to amend 48.67, 49.155 (1d) (a) and 49.45 (44) (intro.); and to create 46.515 (4) (b) 3., 48.982 (2m) (d), 121.02 (1) (L) 6. and 253.15 of the statutes; relating to: the provision of information regarding shaken baby syndrome and impacted babies to the parents of newborn infants, training regarding shaken baby syndrome and impacted babies for day care providers, and instruction regarding shaken baby syndrome and impacted babies for middle school and high school pupils; the identification of, and documentation of certain information concerning, shaken and impacted babies; granting rule-making authority; and making an appropriation. […] This state law includes several Shaken Baby Syndrome (SBS) prevention training requirements that impact local school districts. Information and resources to assist school districts in meeting the requirements of the Prevent Violence Against Children Act of 2005 offers many options.

• #14 Shaken Baby Syndrome and Abusive Head Trauma (AHT) | Wisconsin Department of Public Instruction

  https://dpi.wi.gov/sbs

  The first training requirement applies to all school districts. According to state statutes [§121.02(1)(L)6, Wis. Stats.] school boards must provide pupils with the instruction described in §253.15 (5) on shaken baby syndrome and impacted babies in one of grades 5 to 8 and in one of grades 10 to 12. […] The second SBS prevention training requirement takes place in the Family and Consumer Sciences course, Assistant Child Care Teacher. […] The third training requirement applies to those school districts that operate child care programs. Any person who provides care and supervision to children under age five in a child care setting operated by a school district or licensed as a group child care center, family child care center, or day camp must receive training in Shaken Baby Syndrome prevention.

• #15 Shaken Baby Syndrome

  https://www.health.ny.gov/prevention/injury_prevention/shaken_baby_syndrome/

  Shaken Baby Syndrome (SBS), a form of abusive head trauma, occurs when an adult or older child violently shakes a young child, sometimes hitting the baby’s head on a surface such as a bed or floor. […] Evidence based research suggests that programs that teach parents and caregivers about the dangers of shaking a baby, as well as ways to cope with the stresses of caring for a child, are very effective in reducing the incidence of SBS. […] In New York State, all hospitals are required to offer new parents the option of viewing a video on Shaken Baby Syndrome, including ways to cope with a crying child. […] The following are tools and educational resources for parents and caregivers to help prevent Shaken Baby Syndrome. […] „Never, Ever, Shake A Baby” Videos.

• #16 Tips to Prevent Shaken Baby Syndrome | Washington State Department of Children, Youth, and Families

  https://dcyf.wa.gov/safety/shaken-baby-syndrome

  Call the Family Help Line 1.800.932.HOPE (4673) and get the checklist, „What to Do When the Baby Cries.” Put the checklist up on the fridge and refer to it when the baby cries. Going through the checklist will help you feel like a good parent who has done everything you can think of to help your baby! […] Remember the 10-foot rule. When you are very frustrated or angry, make sure the baby is in a safe place and then stay 10 feet away from the baby until you have calmed down. Parents report that this simple rule has changed their lives and kept their children safe. […] Grab the phone, not the baby. Have a list of 3 people or places that you can call when the stress of parenting is getting to you. Often, a 10-minute conversation with a person who really listens can make all the difference. […] Take a break of at least 20 minutes for yourself every day to do something that you enjoy. Caring for a baby is hard work. Listen to music, read, or take a hot bath – whatever helps you relax and recharge your batteries. You deserve it and this daily investment will make you a better parent!

• #17 Shaken Baby Syndrome (Abusive Head Trauma): Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/13779-shaken-baby-syndrome

  Parents or caregivers who shake babies usually say that the shaking occurred when their baby was crying inconsolably. […] Understanding the dangers of shaking your baby and finding support can help prevent shaken baby syndrome. Some things you can do to avoid shaken baby syndrome include: […] Make sure all of your babysitters, nannies and other caregivers know about the dangers of shaking a baby. Ensure they know what to do and what not to do if they feel stressed while caring for your child. Always check references and choose your caregivers carefully. Never leave your baby with a caregiver whom you dont trust completely. […] Shaken baby syndrome is completely preventable. If your baby wont stop crying, try some of the tips in the Prevention section above, or ask a trusted caregiver for help.

• #18 About Abusive Head Trauma | Child Abuse and Neglect Prevention | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/child-abuse-neglect/about/about-abusive-head-trauma.html

  Abusive head trauma can be prevented by understanding the dangers of shaking a baby and offering support to parents and caregivers. […] Anyone can play a role in preventing abusive head trauma. It is important to understand that infant crying is worse in the first few months of life. However, it will get better as the child grows. […] If you are getting upset, focus on calming yourself down. Parenting is hard work! It’s ok to ask for help. Put the baby in a safe place and walk away to calm down. […] Be aware of new parents in your family and community who may need help or support. […] Encourage parents and caregivers to take a break if needed while the baby is safe in the crib. […] Support work policies that make it easier for working parents to stay with their infants during the period of increased infant crying (i.e., between 4-20 weeks of age). […] This resource, developed by the National Center on Shaken Baby Syndrome (NCSBS), helps prevent shaken baby syndrome and abusive head trauma by providing programs and services to parents and professionals all over North America.

• #19 Abusive Head Trauma (Shaken Baby Syndrome) (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/shaken.html

  Abusive head trauma is 100% preventable. A key part of prevention is increasing awareness of the dangers of shaking: […] Tell people caring for your baby to never shake the baby. […] Talk about normal crying so a caregiver is less likely to get upset. […] Talk about safe ways to calm a baby, such as swaddling, rocking, or singing. […] Let caregivers know it’s OK to put the baby or child in a safe place and walk away to take a break.

• #20 Shaken Baby Syndrome – AANS

  https://www.aans.org/patients/conditions-treatments/shaken-baby-syndrome/

  Shaken baby syndrome is completely preventable. Taking care of a baby can present challenges, especially for first-time parents. However, it is important to remember that it is never acceptable to shake, throw or hit a baby. The following tips may help prevent abuse: […] Never leave a baby with a caregiver, friend or family member in whom there is not complete trust. Always check references carefully before entrusting a baby to a caregiver or daycare center.

• #21 Shaken Baby Syndrome Prevention | Medical Professionals | UNM Health System | Albuquerque, New Mexico

  https://unmhealth.org/medical-professionals/shaken-baby-syndrome.html

  As a provider of health care to parents and children, you can help prevent shaken baby syndrome (SBS) brain damage that can cause death or lifelong disability. […] Parents and guardians of all babies born at UNMH receive education aimed at increasing awareness of the dangers of SBS, and on improving their responses when an infant cries. […] We hope to significantly reduce cases of SBS in the state.

• #22 Prevention of shaken baby syndrome: Never shake a baby

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2721176/

  Community-based public health initiatives have been proposed as a means to provide prevention of child maltreatment in general, prevention within targeted high-risk groups and prevention of recidivism in families with a history of child abuse. […] More recently, frequent home visits by nurses from the prenatal period until the child’s second birthday have been shown to prevent child maltreatment, reduce childhood injuries, and reduce the number of health care encounters among disadvantaged primipara mothers. […] In order to protect children, we must make parents and caregivers aware of the dangers of shaking. […] Handouts for parents on the dangers of shaking and strategies for dealing with a crying infant are available.

• #23 8. Interventions and Prevention of SBS/AHT | ATrain Education

  https://www.atrainceu.com/content/8-interventions-and-prevention-sbsaht

  The National Center on Shaken Baby Syndrome also offers a school-based program for junior and senior high school students, which teaches students about the medical aspects of shaking injuries, combined with basic anger management and childcare skills. […] States or communities have used any one or all elements of a three-pronged strategy for disseminating and teaching the materials to parents. […] Trained staff at hospitals and birthing centers are encouraged to distribute the DVD called Crying, Soothing and Coping: Doing What Comes Naturally and a full-color, 10-page booklet (packaged together) to all new parents, using an established protocol. […] During their regular interactions with new parents, pediatricians, public health workers, and representatives of foster care agencies, home visitation programs, and adoption agencies are encouraged to ask parents and caregivers if they have received the Period of PURPLE Crying materials. […] Some organizations have sponsored communitywide media campaigns to promote the sharing of program materials.

• #24 Shaken baby syndrome – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/shaken-baby-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20366619

  Shaken baby syndrome is preventable. Help is available for parents who are at risk of harming a child. Parents also can teach other caregivers about the dangers of shaken baby syndrome. […] New parent education classes can help parents better understand the dangers of violent shaking. The classes also may provide tips to soothe a crying baby and manage stress. […] If you’re having trouble managing your emotions or the stress of parenthood, seek help. Your child’s healthcare professional may offer a referral to a counselor or other mental health professional. […] If other people help take care of your child, make sure they know the dangers of shaken baby syndrome.

• #25 Shaken Baby Syndrome

  https://www.kidcentraltn.com/health/safety/shaken-baby-syndrome.html

  Never shake a baby under any circumstances! […] NEVER shake a baby or child in play or in anger. Even gentle shaking can become violent shaking when you are angry. […] If you find yourself becoming annoyed or angry with your baby, put him in the crib and leave the room. Try to calm down. Call someone for support. […] Contact a local crisis hotline or child abuse hotline for help and guidance. […] Seek the help of a counselor and attend parenting classes. […] Every parent has access to the 24-hour Parent Helpline (800-CHILDREN) for support.

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