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• #1 Pink Eye (Conjunctivitis): Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/pink-eye-conjunctivitis

  Pink eye is inflammation of the conjunctiva, a clear membrane layer that covers parts of your eyes and the inside of your eyelids. This condition is extremely common, partly because it happens for so many different reasons. Many of those reasons are also common. […] Conjunctivitis has dozens of potential causes, but theres one simple way to organize them: infectious and noninfectious. […] Infectious causes come in four subtypes: viral, bacterial, fungal and parasitic. Viral and bacterial conjunctivitis are extremely common. Fungal and parasitic conjunctivitis are generally uncommon or even rare. […] Viruses are the most common cause of acute (short-term) conjunctivitis. The most common virus type that can cause it is the adenovirus family. […] Bacteria rank second among the most common causes of infectious conjunctivitis. The most common bacterial culprits are: Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Haemophilus influenzae, and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) like chlamydia, gonorrhea and syphilis.

• #2 Pink Eye (Conjunctivitis): Symptoms, Causes, Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/eye-health/eye-health-conjunctivitis

  Conjunctivitis, also known as pink eye, is an inflammation of the conjunctiva — the thin, clear tissue that lies over the white part of the eye and lines the inside of the eyelid. […] Treatment will depend on whether your pink eye is due to a virus, bacteria, allergies, or an irritating substance. […] Several things could be to blame, but the most common causes of pink eye are: Viruses, including the kind that causes the common cold; Bacteria; Allergens such as pollen, dust, or smoke. It could also be due to a special type of allergy that affects some people who wear contact lenses. […] Other causes include: Irritants such as shampoos, dirt, smoke, and pool chlorine; A reaction to eye drops; A reaction to wearing contact lens; Fungi, amoebas, and parasites. […] Conjunctivitis sometimes results from an STD. Gonorrhea can bring on a rare but dangerous form of bacterial conjunctivitis. It can lead to vision loss if you dont treat it. Chlamydia can cause conjunctivitis in adults.

• #3 Conjunctivitis (pink eye) | AOA

  https://www.aoa.org/healthy-eyes/eye-and-vision-conditions/conjunctivitis

  Often referred to casually as pink eye, conjunctivitis is the swelling or inflammation of the conjunctiva, the thin, transparent layer of tissue that lines the inner surface of the eyelid and covers the white part of the eye. Causes may or may not be infectious. […] There are three main types of conjunctivitis: allergic, infectious and chemical. The cause of conjunctivitis varies depending on the type. […] Bacterial conjunctivitis is an infection most often caused by staphylococcal or streptococcal bacteria from your own skin or respiratory system. Insects, physical contact with other people, poor hygiene (touching the eye with unclean hands), or using contaminated eye makeup and facial lotions can also cause the infection. […] Viral conjunctivitis is most commonly caused by contagious viruses associated with the common cold. It can develop through exposure to the coughing or sneezing of someone with an upper respiratory tract infection. […] Chemical Conjunctivitis can be caused by irritants like air pollution, chlorine in swimming pools, and exposure to noxious chemicals.

• #4 Pink Eye (Conjunctivitis): Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/pink-eye-conjunctivitis

  Pink eye is inflammation of the conjunctiva, a clear membrane layer that covers parts of your eyes and the inside of your eyelids. This condition is extremely common, partly because it happens for so many different reasons. Many of those reasons are also common. […] Conjunctivitis has dozens of potential causes, but theres one simple way to organize them: infectious and noninfectious. […] Infectious causes come in four subtypes: viral, bacterial, fungal and parasitic. Viral and bacterial conjunctivitis are extremely common. Fungal and parasitic conjunctivitis are generally uncommon or even rare. […] Viruses are the most common cause of acute (short-term) conjunctivitis. The most common virus type that can cause it is the adenovirus family. […] Bacteria rank second among the most common causes of infectious conjunctivitis. The most common bacterial culprits are: Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Haemophilus influenzae, and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) like chlamydia, gonorrhea and syphilis.

• #5 Conjunctivitis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK541034/

  Conjunctivitis refers to the inflammation or infection of the conjunctiva. […] The etiology of this condition could be infectious or noninfectious; the most common is viral conjunctivitis, followed by bacterial conjunctivitis, and among noninfectious etiologies, the most common etiologies are allergic and toxin-induced conjunctivitis. […] Eye redness and discharge are often caused by conjunctivitis, which can be infectious or noninfectious. Viral conjunctivitis is the most frequent cause, followed by bacterial conjunctivitis. Allergic and toxin-induced conjunctivitis are the most common noninfectious causes. […] Infectious conjunctivitis can result from bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. However, 80% of acute cases of conjunctivitis are viral—the most common pathogen being adenovirus. […] Bacterial conjunctivitis is far more common in children than adults, and the pathogens responsible for bacterial conjunctivitis vary depending on the affected child’s age group. […] Allergens, toxins, and local irritants are responsible for noninfectious conjunctivitis.

• #6 Pink Eye (Conjunctivitis): Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/pink-eye-conjunctivitis

  Pink eye is inflammation of the conjunctiva, a clear membrane layer that covers parts of your eyes and the inside of your eyelids. This condition is extremely common, partly because it happens for so many different reasons. Many of those reasons are also common. […] Conjunctivitis has dozens of potential causes, but theres one simple way to organize them: infectious and noninfectious. […] Infectious causes come in four subtypes: viral, bacterial, fungal and parasitic. Viral and bacterial conjunctivitis are extremely common. Fungal and parasitic conjunctivitis are generally uncommon or even rare. […] Viruses are the most common cause of acute (short-term) conjunctivitis. The most common virus type that can cause it is the adenovirus family. […] Bacteria rank second among the most common causes of infectious conjunctivitis. The most common bacterial culprits are: Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Haemophilus influenzae, and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) like chlamydia, gonorrhea and syphilis.

• #7 What causes conjunctivitis?

  https://www.mymed.com/diseases-conditions/conjunctivitis-pink-eye/what-causes-conjunctivitis

  Transmission of bacterial conjunctivitis infections involves: Physical (direct) contact with others, Inadequate hygiene, Contact with contaminated objects or substances, such as bedding, facial products or make-up. […] Fungal infections in the body can result in either acute or chronic inflammatory reactions in the conjunctiva. Its not uncommon for fungi to occur in the conjunctiva but the majority do not affect conjunctival tissues too adversely. […] Parasitic agents are also known to cause subacute and chronic inflammation of the conjunctiva, although such infections are considered rare. […] Parasitic classes which have been associated with conjunctival infections include: Protozoa (single cell organisms, such as acanthamoeba species and toxoplasma gondii), Nematodes (e.g. roundworms – Loa loa, toxocara canis, toxocara cati and onchocerca volvulus), Cestodes (e.g. tapeworms – solium cysticercus, multiceps larvae and echinococcus granulosus), Trematodes (e.g. flatworms, known as flukes – fasciola hepatica and schistosoma species), Ectoparasites (parasites that can live outside of a host, such as flies and their larvae, fleas, ticks, mites and lice).

• #8 Conjunctivitis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK541034/

  Conjunctivitis refers to the inflammation or infection of the conjunctiva. […] The etiology of this condition could be infectious or noninfectious; the most common is viral conjunctivitis, followed by bacterial conjunctivitis, and among noninfectious etiologies, the most common etiologies are allergic and toxin-induced conjunctivitis. […] Eye redness and discharge are often caused by conjunctivitis, which can be infectious or noninfectious. Viral conjunctivitis is the most frequent cause, followed by bacterial conjunctivitis. Allergic and toxin-induced conjunctivitis are the most common noninfectious causes. […] Infectious conjunctivitis can result from bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. However, 80% of acute cases of conjunctivitis are viral—the most common pathogen being adenovirus. […] Bacterial conjunctivitis is far more common in children than adults, and the pathogens responsible for bacterial conjunctivitis vary depending on the affected child’s age group. […] Allergens, toxins, and local irritants are responsible for noninfectious conjunctivitis.

• #9 Pink Eye (Conjunctivitis) Causes – All About Vision

  https://www.allaboutvision.com/conditions/infections-allergies/conjunctivitis/causes/

  Pink eye (conjunctivitis) does not have a single, universal cause. It can be caused by viruses, bacteria, allergens and several kinds of eye irritants. The name pink eye is generally used when its caused by a virus, which is the most common type of conjunctivitis. Other primary causes include: […] Viruses cause an estimated 80% of pink eye cases. Of that number, around 90% are caused by adenoviruses the same viruses responsible for the common cold. […] Bacterial pink eye is also extremely contagious. It is often due to staph and strep bacteria. The bacteria that cause pneumonia (Haemophilus influenzae) and ear and sinus infections (Moraxella catarrhalis) can also cause this type of infection. […] Common allergens like pollen, dust and animal dander can often lead to allergic conjunctivitis.

• #10 Conjunctivitis – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conjunctivitis

  Conjunctivitis, also known as pink eye, is inflammation of the conjunctiva, the thin, clear layer that covers the white surface of the eye and the inner eyelid. […] The most common infectious causes in adults are viral, whereas in children bacterial causes predominate. […] Both viral and bacterial cases are easily spread between people. […] Allergies to pollen or animal hair are also a common cause. […] Infective conjunctivitis is most commonly caused by a virus. […] Bacterial infections, allergies, other irritants, and dryness are also common causes. […] Infection by human adenovirus accounts for 65% to 90% of cases of viral conjunctivitis. […] Adenoviruses are the most common cause of viral conjunctivitis. […] The most common causes of acute bacterial conjunctivitis are Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Haemophilus influenzae. […] Conjunctivitis may also be caused by allergens such as pollen, perfumes, cosmetics, smoke, dust mites, Balsam of Peru, or eye drops.

• #11 Viral Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye): Practice Essentials, Background, Etiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1191370-overview

  Viral conjunctivitis, or pinkeye (see the image below), is a common, self-limiting condition that typically is caused by adenovirus. Other viruses that can be responsible for conjunctival infection include herpes simplex virus (HSV), varicella-zoster virus (VZV), picornavirus (enterovirus 70, Coxsackie A24), poxvirus (molluscum contagiosum, vaccinia), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). […] Adenoviral conjunctivitis is the most common cause of viral conjunctivitis. Particular subtypes of adenoviral conjunctivitis include epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC; pink eye) and pharyngoconjunctival fever (PCF). […] Primary ocular herpes simplex infection is common in children and usually is associated with a follicular conjunctivitis. Infection usually is caused by HSV type I, although HSV type II may be a cause, especially in neonates. Recurrent infection, typically seen in adults, often is associated with superficial epithelial or deep stromal corneal involvement.

• #12 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/What-Causes-Conjunctivitis.aspx

  Conjunctivitis has a number of potential causes. It can be caused by viral or bacterial infection, allergies, and chemical or mechanical irritation. […] Viral conjunctivitis, also known as pinkeye, is usually caused by adenovirus. Herpes simplex virus, varicella-zoster virus, picornavirus, poxvirus, and human immunodeficiency virus are other viruses that can cause conjunctivitis. […] Bacterial conjunctivitis comprises about 30% of conjunctivitis cases. The most common bacteria that cause this disease are Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species. Other possible infection agents are Corynebacterium, Haemophilus, Pseudomonas, and Moraxella species. […] Conjunctivitis can be caused by a chemical irritant or a mechanical insult like a foreign body. Some common irritants that may lead to conjunctivitis are dry eye, contact with acid or alkali solutions, a foreign body, abrasions, and blunt trauma.

• #13 Viral Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye): Practice Essentials, Background, Etiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1191370-overview

  Viral conjunctivitis, or pinkeye (see the image below), is a common, self-limiting condition that typically is caused by adenovirus. Other viruses that can be responsible for conjunctival infection include herpes simplex virus (HSV), varicella-zoster virus (VZV), picornavirus (enterovirus 70, Coxsackie A24), poxvirus (molluscum contagiosum, vaccinia), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). […] Adenoviral conjunctivitis is the most common cause of viral conjunctivitis. Particular subtypes of adenoviral conjunctivitis include epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC; pink eye) and pharyngoconjunctival fever (PCF). […] Primary ocular herpes simplex infection is common in children and usually is associated with a follicular conjunctivitis. Infection usually is caused by HSV type I, although HSV type II may be a cause, especially in neonates. Recurrent infection, typically seen in adults, often is associated with superficial epithelial or deep stromal corneal involvement.

• #14 Viral Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye) Symptoms & Treatments | Ada

  https://ada.com/conditions/viral-conjunctivitis/

  Conjunctivitis is the name for inflammation of the conjunctiva, which is the thin layer of tissue on the inside of the eyelids and which covers the white part of the eye. Also known as pink eye, conjunctivitis is often caused by a virus, for example, one of the varieties that causes the common cold, though it can be caused by bacteria or allergies too. When pink eye is caused by a virus, it is called viral conjunctivitis. […] The most common cause of viral conjunctivitis is infection with adenovirus, the group of viruses that cause the common cold and many other upper respiratory infections. […] Less common causes of viral conjunctivitis include: Enteroviruses, Herpes simplex virus, the cold sore virus, which usually affects only one eye, Herpes zoster ophthalmicus, associated with shingles, Molluscum contagiosum, also known as water warts, Measles, Mumps, Rubella, also known as German measles, Infectious mononucleosis, HIV. […] Conjunctivitis caused by some of the above, such as herpes simplex and herpes zoster, can be severe, and a person may need to be referred for specialist treatment to prevent complications.

• #15 Conjunctivitis > Fact Sheets > Yale Medicine

  https://www.yalemedicine.org/conditions/conjunctivitis

  Pink eye can affect children, adults, and even newborns, who may be exposed to bacteria that can cause conjunctivitis during vaginal childbirth. […] Different types of conjunctivitis have different causes. […] Viral conjunctivitis is caused by viruses such as: Adenovirus, Herpes simplex virus, Rubella, Rubeola, Varicella-zoster, EpsteinBarr virus, Newcastle disease, Zika virus, SARS-CoV-2, which causes COVID-19. […] Bacterial conjunctivitis is caused by bacterial infections such as: Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pnemoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, Moraxella lacunata, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Neisseria meningitidis, Chlamydia trachomatis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas. […] Allergic conjunctivitis may be caused by: Pet dander, Pollen, Mold, Dust mites. […] Toxic conjunctivitis may be caused by: Molluscum contagiosum infections, Phthirus pubis (crab lice) infections of the eyelashes, Overuse or prolonged use of certain eye medications. […] Non-specific conjunctivitis may be caused by: Dry eye, A foreign body in the eye. […] A temporary reaction to an eye wash after exposure to chemicals.

• #16 Viral Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye) Symptoms & Treatments | Ada

  https://ada.com/conditions/viral-conjunctivitis/

  Conjunctivitis is the name for inflammation of the conjunctiva, which is the thin layer of tissue on the inside of the eyelids and which covers the white part of the eye. Also known as pink eye, conjunctivitis is often caused by a virus, for example, one of the varieties that causes the common cold, though it can be caused by bacteria or allergies too. When pink eye is caused by a virus, it is called viral conjunctivitis. […] The most common cause of viral conjunctivitis is infection with adenovirus, the group of viruses that cause the common cold and many other upper respiratory infections. […] Less common causes of viral conjunctivitis include: Enteroviruses, Herpes simplex virus, the cold sore virus, which usually affects only one eye, Herpes zoster ophthalmicus, associated with shingles, Molluscum contagiosum, also known as water warts, Measles, Mumps, Rubella, also known as German measles, Infectious mononucleosis, HIV. […] Conjunctivitis caused by some of the above, such as herpes simplex and herpes zoster, can be severe, and a person may need to be referred for specialist treatment to prevent complications.

• #17 Viral Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye): Practice Essentials, Background, Etiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1191370-overview

  HIV is the etiologic agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Ocular abnormalities in patients with AIDS primarily affect the posterior segment, but anterior segment findings have been reported. When conjunctivitis occurs in a patient with AIDS, it tends to follow a more severe and prolonged course than in patients without AIDS.

• #18 Infectious Conjunctivitis – Eye Disorders – Merck Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/eye-disorders/conjunctival-and-scleral-disorders/infectious-conjunctivitis

  Infectious conjunctivitis is inflammation of the conjunctiva usually caused by viruses or bacteria. […] A variety of microorganisms may infect and cause inflammation in the conjunctiva (the membrane that lines the eyelid and covers the white of the eye). The most common organisms are viral, particularly those from the group known as adenoviruses. Bacteria can also cause infections. […] Both viral and bacterial conjunctivitis are very contagious, easily passing from one person to another, or from a person’s infected eye to the uninfected eye. […] Some viruses that cause bodywide symptoms also cause red, irritated eyes. Such viral infections include measles, mumps, rubella, chickenpox, Zika, and some of the viruses that cause cold- and flu-like symptoms. SARS-CoV2 (the virus that causes COVID-19) can cause conjunctivitis.

• #19 What Is Causing So Much Pink Eye? | Scientific American

  https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/what-is-causing-so-much-pink-eye/

  A new variant of the virus that causes COVID is drawing international attention, not just for its rapid spread but for its tendency to cause one unexpected symptom: conjunctivitis, or pink eye. […] Pink eye, known to doctors as conjunctivitis, describes inflammation of the conjunctiva—a thin, transparent mucous membrane that covers the white part of the eyeball. This inflammation causes blood vessels to become engorged, which is what makes eyes look red or pink. […] An estimated six million people in the U.S. see a health care provider each year for conjunctivitis, often because of viral infections. Adenovirus is by far the most common cause of viral conjunctivitis and is responsible for 90 percent of such infections. Influenza, herpesviruses and other viruses can also cause pink eye. In addition to viruses, bacterial infections, chemical exposures, allergies, compromised contact lenses and physical trauma can trigger the condition.

• #20 Pink Eye: Causes and How It Spreads | Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye) | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/conjunctivitis/causes/index.html

  Pink eye caused by viruses or bacteria is very contagious. […] Allergens and irritants can also cause pink eye, but these are not contagious. […] Most common causes of pink eye are viruses, bacteria, and allergens. […] Less common causes include irritants such as chemicals, contact lens wear, foreign bodies in the eye, indoor and outdoor air pollution, fungi, ameba, and parasites. […] Very contagious and sometimes can lead to large outbreaks depending on the virus. […] Cause: A number of different viruses, such as adenoviruses. […] Very contagious and can spread easily with certain bacteria and in certain settings. […] Cause: Certain bacteria. […] Not contagious from person to person. […] Cause: Body’s reaction to allergens, such as pollen from trees, plants, grasses, and weeds; dust mites; molds; dander from pets; medicines; or cosmetics. […] Not contagious from person to person. […] Cause: Irritation from a foreign body in the eye or contact with smoke, dust, fumes, or chemicals. […] Pink eye caused by viruses and bacteria can easily spread from person to person in different ways.

• #21

  https://www.aao.org/eye-health/diseases/pink-eye-conjunctivitis

  Bacterial and viral conjunctivitis can be quite contagious. […] The most common ways that adults and children become infected with viral or bacterial pink eye include: Direct contact with an infected child’s or adult’s bodily fluids, usually through hand-to-eye contact. […] Conjunctivitis usually goes away on its own within 1 to 2 weeks.

• #22 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/What-Causes-Conjunctivitis.aspx

  Conjunctivitis has a number of potential causes. It can be caused by viral or bacterial infection, allergies, and chemical or mechanical irritation. […] Viral conjunctivitis, also known as pinkeye, is usually caused by adenovirus. Herpes simplex virus, varicella-zoster virus, picornavirus, poxvirus, and human immunodeficiency virus are other viruses that can cause conjunctivitis. […] Bacterial conjunctivitis comprises about 30% of conjunctivitis cases. The most common bacteria that cause this disease are Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species. Other possible infection agents are Corynebacterium, Haemophilus, Pseudomonas, and Moraxella species. […] Conjunctivitis can be caused by a chemical irritant or a mechanical insult like a foreign body. Some common irritants that may lead to conjunctivitis are dry eye, contact with acid or alkali solutions, a foreign body, abrasions, and blunt trauma.

• #23 Conjunctivitis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK541034/

  Conjunctivitis refers to the inflammation or infection of the conjunctiva. […] The etiology of this condition could be infectious or noninfectious; the most common is viral conjunctivitis, followed by bacterial conjunctivitis, and among noninfectious etiologies, the most common etiologies are allergic and toxin-induced conjunctivitis. […] Eye redness and discharge are often caused by conjunctivitis, which can be infectious or noninfectious. Viral conjunctivitis is the most frequent cause, followed by bacterial conjunctivitis. Allergic and toxin-induced conjunctivitis are the most common noninfectious causes. […] Infectious conjunctivitis can result from bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. However, 80% of acute cases of conjunctivitis are viral—the most common pathogen being adenovirus. […] Bacterial conjunctivitis is far more common in children than adults, and the pathogens responsible for bacterial conjunctivitis vary depending on the affected child’s age group. […] Allergens, toxins, and local irritants are responsible for noninfectious conjunctivitis.

• #24 Pink Eye (Conjunctivitis): Symptoms, Causes, Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/eye-health/eye-health-conjunctivitis

  Pink eye, caused by some bacteria and viruses, can spread quickly from person to person. […] Though pink eye can happen to anyone, newborn babies are at a higher risk of having it. […] Bacteria that cause pink eye include: Staphylococcus aureus; Streptococcus pneumoniae; Haemophilus influenzae; Moraxella catarrhalis; Chlamydia trachomatis; Neisseria gonorrhoeae. […] Bacterial strains affect children more often than adults. […] Allergic pink eye may occur when allergens in the air, such as dust mites, cat dander, and pollen, enter the eye. […] Pink eye in newborns is called neonatal conjunctivitis or ophthalmia neonatorum. It can be caused by a bacterial or viral infection, a blocked tear duct, or irritation from topical medicines given to the baby at birth. […] Giant papillary conjunctivitis (GPC) is linked to long-term contact lens use, but it can also happen around surgery stitches near the eyelid. […] If caused by a virus, pink eye gets better in 2-3 weeks. If caused by bacteria, antibiotics may speed up the healing process.

• #25 Pink Eye (Conjunctivitis): Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/pink-eye-conjunctivitis

  Pink eye is inflammation of the conjunctiva, a clear membrane layer that covers parts of your eyes and the inside of your eyelids. This condition is extremely common, partly because it happens for so many different reasons. Many of those reasons are also common. […] Conjunctivitis has dozens of potential causes, but theres one simple way to organize them: infectious and noninfectious. […] Infectious causes come in four subtypes: viral, bacterial, fungal and parasitic. Viral and bacterial conjunctivitis are extremely common. Fungal and parasitic conjunctivitis are generally uncommon or even rare. […] Viruses are the most common cause of acute (short-term) conjunctivitis. The most common virus type that can cause it is the adenovirus family. […] Bacteria rank second among the most common causes of infectious conjunctivitis. The most common bacterial culprits are: Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Haemophilus influenzae, and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) like chlamydia, gonorrhea and syphilis.

• #26 Pink Eye (Conjunctivitis): Symptoms, Causes, Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/eye-health/eye-health-conjunctivitis

  Pink eye, caused by some bacteria and viruses, can spread quickly from person to person. […] Though pink eye can happen to anyone, newborn babies are at a higher risk of having it. […] Bacteria that cause pink eye include: Staphylococcus aureus; Streptococcus pneumoniae; Haemophilus influenzae; Moraxella catarrhalis; Chlamydia trachomatis; Neisseria gonorrhoeae. […] Bacterial strains affect children more often than adults. […] Allergic pink eye may occur when allergens in the air, such as dust mites, cat dander, and pollen, enter the eye. […] Pink eye in newborns is called neonatal conjunctivitis or ophthalmia neonatorum. It can be caused by a bacterial or viral infection, a blocked tear duct, or irritation from topical medicines given to the baby at birth. […] Giant papillary conjunctivitis (GPC) is linked to long-term contact lens use, but it can also happen around surgery stitches near the eyelid. […] If caused by a virus, pink eye gets better in 2-3 weeks. If caused by bacteria, antibiotics may speed up the healing process.

• #27 Causes of Pink Eye | National Eye Institute

  https://www.nei.nih.gov/learn-about-eye-health/eye-conditions-and-diseases/pink-eye/causes-pink-eye

  Pink eye, or conjunctivitis, causes swelling and redness in the inside of your eyelid and the white part of your eye. […] Most of the time, pink eye is caused by an infection a virus or bacteria. […] Viral pink eye is most often caused by a common virus called adenovirus, but other viruses can also cause pink eye. […] Bacterial pink eye can be caused by many different types of bacteria. Some common types are Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, or Haemophilus influenzae. […] You can get pink eye if something you’re allergic to gets in your eye. […] You can get pink eye if something gets in your eye that irritates it.

• #28 Clinical Overview of Pink Eye (Conjunctivitis) | Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye) | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/conjunctivitis/hcp/clinical-overview/index.html

  Conjunctivitis is caused by viruses, bacteria, allergens, contact lens use, chemicals, fungi, and certain diseases. […] Many species of bacteria can cause bacterial conjunctivitis including: Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Moraxella catarrhalis, Chlamydia trachomatis, Staphylococcus aureus, Moraxella lacunata, Neisseria gonorrhea, Neisseria meningitides. […] Allergic conjunctivitis is caused by the body’s reaction to certain substances and allergens like pollen from trees, plants, grasses, and weeds, dust mites, animal dander, molds, contact lenses and lens solution, cosmetics. […] Viral conjunctivitis is very contagious and mostly spread through hand-to-eye contact by hands or objects that are contaminated with the virus. […] Bacterial conjunctivitis is very contagious and can spread from person to person in many ways. […] Alternatively, changes in the usual bacteria that live on the conjunctiva can also cause conjunctivitis.

• #29 Bacterial Conjunctivitis – EyeWiki

  https://eyewiki.org/Bacterial_Conjunctivitis

  Acute bacterial conjunctivitis is primary due to Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Haemophilus influenzae. Other pathogens responsible for acute disease are Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Moraxella lacunata, Streptococcus viridans, and Proteus mirabilis. […] Hyperacute conjunctivitis is primarily due to Neisseria gonorrhoeae, which is a sexually transmitted disease. Neisseria meningitidis is also in the differential and is important to consider, as it can lead to potentially fatal meningeal or systemic infection. […] Chronic conjunctivitis is primarily caused by Chlamydia trachomatis. However, chronically ill, debilitated, or hospital patients can become colonized with other virulent bacteria responsible for chronic conjunctivitis. Staphylococcus aureus and Moraxella lacunata may also cause chronic conjunctivitis in patients with associated blepharitis.

• #30 Bacterial Conjunctivitis – EyeWiki

  https://eyewiki.org/Bacterial_Conjunctivitis

  Acute bacterial conjunctivitis is primary due to Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Haemophilus influenzae. Other pathogens responsible for acute disease are Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Moraxella lacunata, Streptococcus viridans, and Proteus mirabilis. […] Hyperacute conjunctivitis is primarily due to Neisseria gonorrhoeae, which is a sexually transmitted disease. Neisseria meningitidis is also in the differential and is important to consider, as it can lead to potentially fatal meningeal or systemic infection. […] Chronic conjunctivitis is primarily caused by Chlamydia trachomatis. However, chronically ill, debilitated, or hospital patients can become colonized with other virulent bacteria responsible for chronic conjunctivitis. Staphylococcus aureus and Moraxella lacunata may also cause chronic conjunctivitis in patients with associated blepharitis.

• #31 Bacterial Conjunctivitis – EyeWiki

  https://eyewiki.org/Bacterial_Conjunctivitis

  Acute bacterial conjunctivitis is primary due to Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Haemophilus influenzae. Other pathogens responsible for acute disease are Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Moraxella lacunata, Streptococcus viridans, and Proteus mirabilis. […] Hyperacute conjunctivitis is primarily due to Neisseria gonorrhoeae, which is a sexually transmitted disease. Neisseria meningitidis is also in the differential and is important to consider, as it can lead to potentially fatal meningeal or systemic infection. […] Chronic conjunctivitis is primarily caused by Chlamydia trachomatis. However, chronically ill, debilitated, or hospital patients can become colonized with other virulent bacteria responsible for chronic conjunctivitis. Staphylococcus aureus and Moraxella lacunata may also cause chronic conjunctivitis in patients with associated blepharitis.

• #32 What causes conjunctivitis?

  https://www.mymed.com/diseases-conditions/conjunctivitis-pink-eye/what-causes-conjunctivitis

  Transmission of bacterial conjunctivitis infections involves: Physical (direct) contact with others, Inadequate hygiene, Contact with contaminated objects or substances, such as bedding, facial products or make-up. […] Fungal infections in the body can result in either acute or chronic inflammatory reactions in the conjunctiva. Its not uncommon for fungi to occur in the conjunctiva but the majority do not affect conjunctival tissues too adversely. […] Parasitic agents are also known to cause subacute and chronic inflammation of the conjunctiva, although such infections are considered rare. […] Parasitic classes which have been associated with conjunctival infections include: Protozoa (single cell organisms, such as acanthamoeba species and toxoplasma gondii), Nematodes (e.g. roundworms – Loa loa, toxocara canis, toxocara cati and onchocerca volvulus), Cestodes (e.g. tapeworms – solium cysticercus, multiceps larvae and echinococcus granulosus), Trematodes (e.g. flatworms, known as flukes – fasciola hepatica and schistosoma species), Ectoparasites (parasites that can live outside of a host, such as flies and their larvae, fleas, ticks, mites and lice).

• #33

  https://www.aao.org/eye-health/diseases/pink-eye-conjunctivitis

  Bacterial and viral conjunctivitis can be quite contagious. […] The most common ways that adults and children become infected with viral or bacterial pink eye include: Direct contact with an infected child’s or adult’s bodily fluids, usually through hand-to-eye contact. […] Conjunctivitis usually goes away on its own within 1 to 2 weeks.

• #34 Pink Eye (Conjunctivitis): Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/pink-eye-conjunctivitis

  Pink eye is inflammation of the conjunctiva, a clear membrane layer that covers parts of your eyes and the inside of your eyelids. This condition is extremely common, partly because it happens for so many different reasons. Many of those reasons are also common. […] Conjunctivitis has dozens of potential causes, but theres one simple way to organize them: infectious and noninfectious. […] Infectious causes come in four subtypes: viral, bacterial, fungal and parasitic. Viral and bacterial conjunctivitis are extremely common. Fungal and parasitic conjunctivitis are generally uncommon or even rare. […] Viruses are the most common cause of acute (short-term) conjunctivitis. The most common virus type that can cause it is the adenovirus family. […] Bacteria rank second among the most common causes of infectious conjunctivitis. The most common bacterial culprits are: Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Haemophilus influenzae, and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) like chlamydia, gonorrhea and syphilis.

• #35 Pink Eye (Conjunctivitis): Symptoms, Causes, Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/eye-health/eye-health-conjunctivitis

  Conjunctivitis, also known as pink eye, is an inflammation of the conjunctiva — the thin, clear tissue that lies over the white part of the eye and lines the inside of the eyelid. […] Treatment will depend on whether your pink eye is due to a virus, bacteria, allergies, or an irritating substance. […] Several things could be to blame, but the most common causes of pink eye are: Viruses, including the kind that causes the common cold; Bacteria; Allergens such as pollen, dust, or smoke. It could also be due to a special type of allergy that affects some people who wear contact lenses. […] Other causes include: Irritants such as shampoos, dirt, smoke, and pool chlorine; A reaction to eye drops; A reaction to wearing contact lens; Fungi, amoebas, and parasites. […] Conjunctivitis sometimes results from an STD. Gonorrhea can bring on a rare but dangerous form of bacterial conjunctivitis. It can lead to vision loss if you dont treat it. Chlamydia can cause conjunctivitis in adults.

• #36 Conjunctivitis | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/1998/0215/p735.html

  Ocular Chlamydia trachomatis infection can occur in two distinct clinical forms: trachoma (associated with serotypes A through C) and inclusion conjunctivitis (associated with serotypes D through K). […] Inclusion conjunctivitis is a common, primarily sexually transmitted disease that occurs in both newborns (ophthalmia neonatorum) and adults (adult inclusion conjunctivitis). It is the most frequent cause of conjunctivitis in neonates, followed, in order of decreasing prevalence, by infections with several bacteria species and, finally, N. gonorrhoeae.

• #37 Infectious Conjunctivitis – Eye Disorders – Merck Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/eye-disorders/conjunctival-and-scleral-disorders/infectious-conjunctivitis

  Conjunctivitis in newborns is caused by Chlamydia trachomatis or Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Newborns are exposed to these bacteria in the mother’s birth canal during labor and delivery. […] Inclusion conjunctivitis is a particularly long-lasting form of conjunctivitis caused by certain strains of the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis. Inclusion conjunctivitis usually spreads by sexual contact with a person who has a genital chlamydial infection. Rarely, inclusion conjunctivitis is acquired from contaminated, incompletely chlorinated swimming pool water. […] Trachoma is another type of conjunctivitis caused by Chlamydia trachomatis. However, it is not spread through sexual contact with a person who has a genital chlamydial infection. […] Gonococcal conjunctivitis is conjunctivitis caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae (gonorrhea), a sexually transmitted infection that also may spread to the eye by contact with genital secretions from a person who has a genital gonorrheal infection. […] Fungal infections are rare and occur mainly in people who use corticosteroid eye drops for a long time or have eye injuries involving organic matter, such as plants or dirt.

• #38 Pinkeye (Conjunctivitis) (for Teens) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/teens/conjunctivitis.html

  Pinkeye is an inflammation of the conjunctiva, the white part of the eye and the inner eyelids. The condition can be either infectious (it can spread to other people) or noninfectious. […] When people talk about pinkeye, they usually mean the infectious kind. It’s often caused by the same bacteria and viruses responsible for colds and other infections, including ear infections, sinus infections, and sore throats. […] It’s also possible for the same types of bacteria that cause the sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) chlamydia and gonorrhea to cause conjunctivitis. If someone touches an infected person’s genitals and then rubs his or her own eye or touches a contact lens, the infection can spread to the eye. […] Some kinds of pinkeye are noninfectious, such as allergic conjunctivitis, caused by an allergic reaction and irritant conjunctivitis, caused by anything that irritates the eyes, such as air pollution or chlorine in pools.

• #39 Pink eye (Conjunctivitis) – Symptoms, Causes, Treatment and Prevention | MedPark Hospital

  https://www.medparkhospital.com/en-US/disease-and-treatment/pink-eye-conjunctivitis

  Conjunctivitis is an infection of the conjunctiva which is a transparent membrane covering the surface of eyeball and inner layer of eyelid. […] The common causes of conjunctivitis include infection by virus or bacteria, an allergy and incompletely opened tear duct in newborns. […] Pink eye may be a result of: Viral infection, Bacterial infection, Allergies, A chemical splash in the eye, A foreign object in the eye, A blocked tear duct in newborns. […] The most common cause of conjunctivitis is adenovirus. Other possible causes are herpes simplex virus, varicella-zoster virus, and other viruses, including the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). […] Not cleaning your contact lenses properly or wearing other peoples contact lenses can lead to bacterial conjunctivitis.

• #40 Conjunctivitis > Fact Sheets > Yale Medicine

  https://www.yalemedicine.org/conditions/conjunctivitis

  Pink eye can affect children, adults, and even newborns, who may be exposed to bacteria that can cause conjunctivitis during vaginal childbirth. […] Different types of conjunctivitis have different causes. […] Viral conjunctivitis is caused by viruses such as: Adenovirus, Herpes simplex virus, Rubella, Rubeola, Varicella-zoster, EpsteinBarr virus, Newcastle disease, Zika virus, SARS-CoV-2, which causes COVID-19. […] Bacterial conjunctivitis is caused by bacterial infections such as: Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pnemoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, Moraxella lacunata, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Neisseria meningitidis, Chlamydia trachomatis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas. […] Allergic conjunctivitis may be caused by: Pet dander, Pollen, Mold, Dust mites. […] Toxic conjunctivitis may be caused by: Molluscum contagiosum infections, Phthirus pubis (crab lice) infections of the eyelashes, Overuse or prolonged use of certain eye medications. […] Non-specific conjunctivitis may be caused by: Dry eye, A foreign body in the eye. […] A temporary reaction to an eye wash after exposure to chemicals.

• #41 Infectious Conjunctivitis – Eye Disorders – Merck Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/eye-disorders/conjunctival-and-scleral-disorders/infectious-conjunctivitis

  Conjunctivitis in newborns is caused by Chlamydia trachomatis or Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Newborns are exposed to these bacteria in the mother’s birth canal during labor and delivery. […] Inclusion conjunctivitis is a particularly long-lasting form of conjunctivitis caused by certain strains of the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis. Inclusion conjunctivitis usually spreads by sexual contact with a person who has a genital chlamydial infection. Rarely, inclusion conjunctivitis is acquired from contaminated, incompletely chlorinated swimming pool water. […] Trachoma is another type of conjunctivitis caused by Chlamydia trachomatis. However, it is not spread through sexual contact with a person who has a genital chlamydial infection. […] Gonococcal conjunctivitis is conjunctivitis caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae (gonorrhea), a sexually transmitted infection that also may spread to the eye by contact with genital secretions from a person who has a genital gonorrheal infection. […] Fungal infections are rare and occur mainly in people who use corticosteroid eye drops for a long time or have eye injuries involving organic matter, such as plants or dirt.

• #42 Infective conjunctivitis (pink eye): Symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/157671

  Conjunctivitis can result from an allergy or a viral or bacterial infection. […] Some 80% of cases result from viruses, such as: adenoviruses, herpes viruses, enteroviruses. […] Bacteria that may cause conjunctivitis include: Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenza. […] Bacterial conjunctivitis sometimes stems from a sexually transmitted infection (STI), such as chlamydia. […] Pinkeye in newborns can be due to infection, irritation, or a blocked tear duct. […] The bacteria or virus that lead to these infections can transmit to the infant during delivery, even if the person giving birth does not have symptoms. […] The most common bacterial cause is Neisseria gonorrhoeae, which causes gonorrhea. […] According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Chlamydia trachomatis can also cause it, as can the virus that leads to genital herpes, but this is less common. […] The CDC also indicate that symptoms of bacterial conjunctivitis due to C. trachomatis usually appear 5-12 days after delivery. […] If the bacteria is due to N. gonorrhoeae, they typically appear after 2-4 days.

• #43 Infectious Conjunctivitis – Eye Disorders – Merck Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/eye-disorders/conjunctival-and-scleral-disorders/infectious-conjunctivitis

  Conjunctivitis in newborns is caused by Chlamydia trachomatis or Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Newborns are exposed to these bacteria in the mother’s birth canal during labor and delivery. […] Inclusion conjunctivitis is a particularly long-lasting form of conjunctivitis caused by certain strains of the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis. Inclusion conjunctivitis usually spreads by sexual contact with a person who has a genital chlamydial infection. Rarely, inclusion conjunctivitis is acquired from contaminated, incompletely chlorinated swimming pool water. […] Trachoma is another type of conjunctivitis caused by Chlamydia trachomatis. However, it is not spread through sexual contact with a person who has a genital chlamydial infection. […] Gonococcal conjunctivitis is conjunctivitis caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae (gonorrhea), a sexually transmitted infection that also may spread to the eye by contact with genital secretions from a person who has a genital gonorrheal infection. […] Fungal infections are rare and occur mainly in people who use corticosteroid eye drops for a long time or have eye injuries involving organic matter, such as plants or dirt.

• #44 What causes conjunctivitis?

  https://www.mymed.com/diseases-conditions/conjunctivitis-pink-eye/what-causes-conjunctivitis

  Transmission of bacterial conjunctivitis infections involves: Physical (direct) contact with others, Inadequate hygiene, Contact with contaminated objects or substances, such as bedding, facial products or make-up. […] Fungal infections in the body can result in either acute or chronic inflammatory reactions in the conjunctiva. Its not uncommon for fungi to occur in the conjunctiva but the majority do not affect conjunctival tissues too adversely. […] Parasitic agents are also known to cause subacute and chronic inflammation of the conjunctiva, although such infections are considered rare. […] Parasitic classes which have been associated with conjunctival infections include: Protozoa (single cell organisms, such as acanthamoeba species and toxoplasma gondii), Nematodes (e.g. roundworms – Loa loa, toxocara canis, toxocara cati and onchocerca volvulus), Cestodes (e.g. tapeworms – solium cysticercus, multiceps larvae and echinococcus granulosus), Trematodes (e.g. flatworms, known as flukes – fasciola hepatica and schistosoma species), Ectoparasites (parasites that can live outside of a host, such as flies and their larvae, fleas, ticks, mites and lice).

• #45 Pink Eye (Conjunctivitis): Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/pink-eye-conjunctivitis

  These include causes that dont spread to people from other people, animals, or contaminated objects or surfaces. Examples include: Allergens, including molds, pollen or other substances that cause allergies; Irritants or toxic substances, including shampoos, cosmetics, contact lenses or contact solution, dirt, smoke and pool chlorine; Eye Injuries that damage the conjunctiva; Immune disorders and conjunctival tumors or cancers.

• #46 Conjunctivitis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK541034/

  Conjunctivitis refers to the inflammation or infection of the conjunctiva. […] The etiology of this condition could be infectious or noninfectious; the most common is viral conjunctivitis, followed by bacterial conjunctivitis, and among noninfectious etiologies, the most common etiologies are allergic and toxin-induced conjunctivitis. […] Eye redness and discharge are often caused by conjunctivitis, which can be infectious or noninfectious. Viral conjunctivitis is the most frequent cause, followed by bacterial conjunctivitis. Allergic and toxin-induced conjunctivitis are the most common noninfectious causes. […] Infectious conjunctivitis can result from bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. However, 80% of acute cases of conjunctivitis are viral—the most common pathogen being adenovirus. […] Bacterial conjunctivitis is far more common in children than adults, and the pathogens responsible for bacterial conjunctivitis vary depending on the affected child’s age group. […] Allergens, toxins, and local irritants are responsible for noninfectious conjunctivitis.

• #47 Clinical Overview of Pink Eye (Conjunctivitis) | Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye) | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/conjunctivitis/hcp/clinical-overview/index.html

  Conjunctivitis is caused by viruses, bacteria, allergens, contact lens use, chemicals, fungi, and certain diseases. […] Many species of bacteria can cause bacterial conjunctivitis including: Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Moraxella catarrhalis, Chlamydia trachomatis, Staphylococcus aureus, Moraxella lacunata, Neisseria gonorrhea, Neisseria meningitides. […] Allergic conjunctivitis is caused by the body’s reaction to certain substances and allergens like pollen from trees, plants, grasses, and weeds, dust mites, animal dander, molds, contact lenses and lens solution, cosmetics. […] Viral conjunctivitis is very contagious and mostly spread through hand-to-eye contact by hands or objects that are contaminated with the virus. […] Bacterial conjunctivitis is very contagious and can spread from person to person in many ways. […] Alternatively, changes in the usual bacteria that live on the conjunctiva can also cause conjunctivitis.

• #48 Conjunctivitis – treatment, symptoms and causes | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/conjunctivitis

  Conjunctivitis can be caused by bacterial or viral infections, allergies, or irritants such as dust or chemicals. […] Conjunctivitis can be caused by: bacterial infection, viral infection, allergies, irritants such as dust or chemicals. […] Allergic conjunctivitis may be seasonal, or triggered by specific allergens, for example, pollen or animal dander. […] You can catch conjunctivitis from droplets from the eyes, mouth and throat of an infective person. This can happen through touch, coughing or sneezing. You can also catch it from contact with objects that were contaminated with infectious eye secretions, such as towels, face washers and tissues. […] Allergic conjunctivitis is caused by exposure to allergens such as: dust mites, pollen, animal dander, mould spores, occasionally foods or food additives.

• #49 Conjunctivitis – EyeWiki

  https://eyewiki.org/Conjunctivitis

  The most common pathogens for bacterial conjunctivitis in adults are Staphylococcal species, followed by Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae. […] Hyperacute bacterial conjunctivitis is often caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae. […] Chronic bacterial conjunctivitis is commonly caused Staphylococcus aureus, Moraxella lacunata, and enteric bacteria. […] Allergic conjunctivitis is an inflammation of the ocular surface in response to a transient allergen (e.g. pollen in seasonal allergic conjunctivitis), or a persistent allergen (e.g. house dust mite in perennial allergic conjunctivitis). […] Seasonal allergic conjunctivitis (SAC) is a type I hypersensitivity response with conjunctival activated mast cells as a direct result of allergen cross-linking of surface IgE receptors resulting in degranulation and release of histamine, leukotrienes, proteases, prostaglandins, cytokines, and chemokines.

• #50 Pink Eye (Conjunctivitis) – All About Vision

  https://www.allaboutvision.com/conditions/infections-allergies/conjunctivitis/overview/

  Pink eye is the common name for conjunctivitis, which is an inflammation or infection of the eye’s conjunctiva. […] Viruses are the most common cause of contagious conjunctivitis, but it is often also caused by bacteria. […] Allergic conjunctivitis is not contagious, since its not a viral or bacterial infection. […] Viral pink eye can be due to any of the viruses associated with the common cold, but the most common cause is adenoviruses. […] Several different types of bacteria can cause pink eye. However, Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus are behind most cases, especially in children. […] Any allergens that cause a reaction in the eyes can lead to allergic conjunctivitis. […] Viruses, bacteria and allergies are the three main causes but not the only causes. […] Conjunctivitis is, essentially, any inflammation of the conjunctiva. […] Any substance, condition or activity that irritates the eyes enough can cause conjunctivitis.

• #51 Pink Eye (Conjunctivitis): Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/pink-eye-conjunctivitis

  These include causes that dont spread to people from other people, animals, or contaminated objects or surfaces. Examples include: Allergens, including molds, pollen or other substances that cause allergies; Irritants or toxic substances, including shampoos, cosmetics, contact lenses or contact solution, dirt, smoke and pool chlorine; Eye Injuries that damage the conjunctiva; Immune disorders and conjunctival tumors or cancers.

• #52 Pink Eye: Causes and How It Spreads | Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye) | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/conjunctivitis/causes/index.html

  Pink eye caused by viruses or bacteria is very contagious. […] Allergens and irritants can also cause pink eye, but these are not contagious. […] Most common causes of pink eye are viruses, bacteria, and allergens. […] Less common causes include irritants such as chemicals, contact lens wear, foreign bodies in the eye, indoor and outdoor air pollution, fungi, ameba, and parasites. […] Very contagious and sometimes can lead to large outbreaks depending on the virus. […] Cause: A number of different viruses, such as adenoviruses. […] Very contagious and can spread easily with certain bacteria and in certain settings. […] Cause: Certain bacteria. […] Not contagious from person to person. […] Cause: Body’s reaction to allergens, such as pollen from trees, plants, grasses, and weeds; dust mites; molds; dander from pets; medicines; or cosmetics. […] Not contagious from person to person. […] Cause: Irritation from a foreign body in the eye or contact with smoke, dust, fumes, or chemicals. […] Pink eye caused by viruses and bacteria can easily spread from person to person in different ways.

• #53 Pink Eye: Causes and How It Spreads | Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye) | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/conjunctivitis/causes/index.html

  Pink eye caused by viruses or bacteria is very contagious. […] Allergens and irritants can also cause pink eye, but these are not contagious. […] Most common causes of pink eye are viruses, bacteria, and allergens. […] Less common causes include irritants such as chemicals, contact lens wear, foreign bodies in the eye, indoor and outdoor air pollution, fungi, ameba, and parasites. […] Very contagious and sometimes can lead to large outbreaks depending on the virus. […] Cause: A number of different viruses, such as adenoviruses. […] Very contagious and can spread easily with certain bacteria and in certain settings. […] Cause: Certain bacteria. […] Not contagious from person to person. […] Cause: Body’s reaction to allergens, such as pollen from trees, plants, grasses, and weeds; dust mites; molds; dander from pets; medicines; or cosmetics. […] Not contagious from person to person. […] Cause: Irritation from a foreign body in the eye or contact with smoke, dust, fumes, or chemicals. […] Pink eye caused by viruses and bacteria can easily spread from person to person in different ways.

• #54 Pink Eye (Conjunctivitis): Symptoms, Causes, Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/eye-health/eye-health-conjunctivitis

  Pink eye, caused by some bacteria and viruses, can spread quickly from person to person. […] Though pink eye can happen to anyone, newborn babies are at a higher risk of having it. […] Bacteria that cause pink eye include: Staphylococcus aureus; Streptococcus pneumoniae; Haemophilus influenzae; Moraxella catarrhalis; Chlamydia trachomatis; Neisseria gonorrhoeae. […] Bacterial strains affect children more often than adults. […] Allergic pink eye may occur when allergens in the air, such as dust mites, cat dander, and pollen, enter the eye. […] Pink eye in newborns is called neonatal conjunctivitis or ophthalmia neonatorum. It can be caused by a bacterial or viral infection, a blocked tear duct, or irritation from topical medicines given to the baby at birth. […] Giant papillary conjunctivitis (GPC) is linked to long-term contact lens use, but it can also happen around surgery stitches near the eyelid. […] If caused by a virus, pink eye gets better in 2-3 weeks. If caused by bacteria, antibiotics may speed up the healing process.

• #55 Pink Eye (Conjunctivitis) Causes – All About Vision

  https://www.allaboutvision.com/conditions/infections-allergies/conjunctivitis/causes/

  An eye irritant can be anything from a foreign object in the eye to strong fumes. The basic definition of conjunctivitis is an inflammation or infection of the eyes conjunctiva. So, beyond viruses, bacteria and allergens, nearly anything that irritates the eye can lead to conjunctivitis. […] GPC is a combination of the allergic and irritant types. It is caused by a foreign body in the eye, most usually soft contact lenses. […] Chemical conjunctivitis is another subtype of the irritant form. Its the name sometimes used for cases that are caused specifically by a chemical irritant. […] This form is another example of irritant conjunctivitis caused by a chemical. It can develop as a toxicity reaction or as an immune response to certain types of eye drops. […] Also called neonatal conjunctivitis, ophthalmia neonatorum is the name used for pink eye in newborns. It is often caused by the sexually transmitted bacterial infections chlamydia and gonorrhea.

• #56 Pink Eye (Conjunctivitis) Causes – All About Vision

  https://www.allaboutvision.com/conditions/infections-allergies/conjunctivitis/causes/

  An eye irritant can be anything from a foreign object in the eye to strong fumes. The basic definition of conjunctivitis is an inflammation or infection of the eyes conjunctiva. So, beyond viruses, bacteria and allergens, nearly anything that irritates the eye can lead to conjunctivitis. […] GPC is a combination of the allergic and irritant types. It is caused by a foreign body in the eye, most usually soft contact lenses. […] Chemical conjunctivitis is another subtype of the irritant form. Its the name sometimes used for cases that are caused specifically by a chemical irritant. […] This form is another example of irritant conjunctivitis caused by a chemical. It can develop as a toxicity reaction or as an immune response to certain types of eye drops. […] Also called neonatal conjunctivitis, ophthalmia neonatorum is the name used for pink eye in newborns. It is often caused by the sexually transmitted bacterial infections chlamydia and gonorrhea.

• #57 Pink Eye (Conjunctivitis): Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/pink-eye-conjunctivitis

  These include causes that dont spread to people from other people, animals, or contaminated objects or surfaces. Examples include: Allergens, including molds, pollen or other substances that cause allergies; Irritants or toxic substances, including shampoos, cosmetics, contact lenses or contact solution, dirt, smoke and pool chlorine; Eye Injuries that damage the conjunctiva; Immune disorders and conjunctival tumors or cancers.

• #58 Patient education: Conjunctivitis (pink eye) (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/conjunctivitis-pink-eye-beyond-the-basics/print

  It is possible to develop a red eye and discharge that is not caused by an infection or allergy or toxicity. The most common causes include one of the following: People with a dry eye may have chronic or intermittent redness or discharge. A person whose eyes are irrigated after a chemical splash may have redness and discharge. A person with a foreign body (eg, dust, eyelash) in the eye may have redness and discharge for 12 to 24 hours after the object is removed. […] The treatment of conjunctivitis depends upon the cause. For this reason, it is important to have the correct diagnosis before treatment begins.

• #59 Pink eye (Conjunctivitis) – Symptoms, Causes, Treatment and Prevention | MedPark Hospital

  https://www.medparkhospital.com/en-US/disease-and-treatment/pink-eye-conjunctivitis

  Conjunctivitis is an infection of the conjunctiva which is a transparent membrane covering the surface of eyeball and inner layer of eyelid. […] The common causes of conjunctivitis include infection by virus or bacteria, an allergy and incompletely opened tear duct in newborns. […] Pink eye may be a result of: Viral infection, Bacterial infection, Allergies, A chemical splash in the eye, A foreign object in the eye, A blocked tear duct in newborns. […] The most common cause of conjunctivitis is adenovirus. Other possible causes are herpes simplex virus, varicella-zoster virus, and other viruses, including the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). […] Not cleaning your contact lenses properly or wearing other peoples contact lenses can lead to bacterial conjunctivitis.

• #60 Bacterial Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye): Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1191730-overview

  Conjunctivitis, which is defined as inflammation of the bulbar and/or palpebral conjunctiva (the transparent lubricating mucous membrane that covers both the surface of the eye and lining of the undersurface of the eyelids), has many etiologies, including infection from various bacteria, fungi, and viruses, as well as toxic and allergic insults. […] The bacterial etiology often depends on geography and age, but the most common include Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Corynebacterium, Haemophilus, Pseudomonas, and Moraxella species. […] Bacterial conjunctivitis most often occurs in otherwise healthy individuals. Risk factors include exposure to infected individuals, fomite contact (eg, towels, napkins, pillow cases, slit-lamp chin rests and handles), contact lens wear, sinusitis, immunodeficiency states, prior ocular disease, trauma, and exposure to agents of sexually transmitted disease at birth.

• #61 Pink Eye (Conjunctivitis) Causes – All About Vision

  https://www.allaboutvision.com/conditions/infections-allergies/conjunctivitis/causes/

  There are a few different reasons that pink eye may recur (keep coming back). Some are related to the cause of the infection or inflammation. […] The primary risk factors for developing conjunctivitis are related to a persons environment and hygiene habits. […] The most common types of pink eye do not generally cause any harmful complications. But complications are possible, especially in newborns and in severe or chronic cases.

• #62 Pink Eye (Conjunctivitis): Symptoms, Causes, Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/eye-health/eye-health-conjunctivitis

  Pink eye, caused by some bacteria and viruses, can spread quickly from person to person. […] Though pink eye can happen to anyone, newborn babies are at a higher risk of having it. […] Bacteria that cause pink eye include: Staphylococcus aureus; Streptococcus pneumoniae; Haemophilus influenzae; Moraxella catarrhalis; Chlamydia trachomatis; Neisseria gonorrhoeae. […] Bacterial strains affect children more often than adults. […] Allergic pink eye may occur when allergens in the air, such as dust mites, cat dander, and pollen, enter the eye. […] Pink eye in newborns is called neonatal conjunctivitis or ophthalmia neonatorum. It can be caused by a bacterial or viral infection, a blocked tear duct, or irritation from topical medicines given to the baby at birth. […] Giant papillary conjunctivitis (GPC) is linked to long-term contact lens use, but it can also happen around surgery stitches near the eyelid. […] If caused by a virus, pink eye gets better in 2-3 weeks. If caused by bacteria, antibiotics may speed up the healing process.

• #63 Patient education: Conjunctivitis (pink eye) (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/conjunctivitis-pink-eye-beyond-the-basics/print

  Conjunctivitis, also called „pink eye,” is defined as an inflammation of the conjunctiva. There are many potential causes of conjunctivitis, including bacterial or viral infections, allergies, or a nonspecific condition (eg, a foreign body in the eye). […] Most cases of infectious conjunctivitis are viral in adults and children; however, bacterial conjunctivitis is more common in children than in adults. […] Viral conjunctivitis is typically caused by a virus that can also cause the common cold. […] Bacterial conjunctivitis is highly contagious, often affecting multiple family members or children within a classroom. […] Allergic conjunctivitis is caused by airborne allergens that come in contact with the eye. […] Toxic conjunctivitis (also called toxic keratoconjunctivitis) is a chronic inflammation of the surface of the eye from an offending agent, usually a preservative or a medication.

• #64

  https://www.aao.org/eye-health/diseases/pink-eye-conjunctivitis

  Bacterial and viral conjunctivitis can be quite contagious. […] The most common ways that adults and children become infected with viral or bacterial pink eye include: Direct contact with an infected child’s or adult’s bodily fluids, usually through hand-to-eye contact. […] Conjunctivitis usually goes away on its own within 1 to 2 weeks.

• #65 Clinical Overview of Pink Eye (Conjunctivitis) | Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye) | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/conjunctivitis/hcp/clinical-overview/index.html

  Conjunctivitis is caused by viruses, bacteria, allergens, contact lens use, chemicals, fungi, and certain diseases. […] Many species of bacteria can cause bacterial conjunctivitis including: Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Moraxella catarrhalis, Chlamydia trachomatis, Staphylococcus aureus, Moraxella lacunata, Neisseria gonorrhea, Neisseria meningitides. […] Allergic conjunctivitis is caused by the body’s reaction to certain substances and allergens like pollen from trees, plants, grasses, and weeds, dust mites, animal dander, molds, contact lenses and lens solution, cosmetics. […] Viral conjunctivitis is very contagious and mostly spread through hand-to-eye contact by hands or objects that are contaminated with the virus. […] Bacterial conjunctivitis is very contagious and can spread from person to person in many ways. […] Alternatively, changes in the usual bacteria that live on the conjunctiva can also cause conjunctivitis.

• #66 Pink Eye (Conjunctivitis) | University of Utah Health

  https://healthcare.utah.edu/moran/ophthalmology/corneal-disease/pink-eye-conjunctivitis

  Pink eye is usually a viral infection (viral conjunctivitis) caused by a cold virus. However, pink eye from bacteria (bacterial conjunctivitis) is most commonly caused by exposure to staphylococcal or streptococcal bacteria from your own skin or respiratory system. […] Allergic conjunctivitis (allergy-related pink eye) is common among people who suffer from allergic reactions to: pollen, animal dander, dust, chemicals, makeup, contact lens solution, or eye drops. […] Conjunctivitis is contagious while the eye is red (typically five to seven days). It is no longer contagious once redness or other symptoms have resolved. […] Treatment for conjunctivitis focuses on relieving uncomfortable symptoms. Your treatment may vary depending on the type of conjunctivitis you have.

• #67

  https://www.aao.org/eye-health/diseases/pink-eye-conjunctivitis

  Conjunctivitis (pink eye) can be caused by: A virus, Bacteria, Allergies. […] Bacterial and viral conjunctivitis are easily spread from person to person. […] Viral conjunctivitis usually causes burning, red eyes with a watery discharge. […] Viral pink eye is very contagious and spreads quickly among children and adults in schools and other crowded places. […] Bacterial conjunctivitis causes sore, red eyes, with a lot of sticky pus oozing out of the eye. […] The bacteria that cause this type of pink eye can be easily spread from person to person through hand-eye contact. […] Allergic conjunctivitis (pink eye) causes puffy, itchy eyes. […] You might develop allergic pink eye if you have an allergic reaction to pollen, animals, cigarette smoke, pool chlorine, car fumes or something else in the environment.

• #68 What causes conjunctivitis?

  https://www.mymed.com/diseases-conditions/conjunctivitis-pink-eye/what-causes-conjunctivitis

  Viral conjunctivitis (pink eye) is highly contagious and the most common type of conjunctivitis. It is triggered by a virus (usually one of the adenoviruses – a family of viruses that cause a variety of infections and result in everything from the common cold and respiratory infections to gastroenteritis and neurological diseases). […] When conjunctivitis is caused by adenoviruses and enteroviruses, the condition can spread rapidly through communities and result in conjunctivitis epidemics. […] Other viruses, like the poxvirus and the herpes simplex virus, result in skin infections wherein the eye may also become infected if the eyelids are affected. Of all the viruses causing the condition, herpes viruses result in the most serious complications. […] Bacterial conjunctivitis is also highly contagious although from the reported data, appears to be less common. The specific bacterial causes of conjunctivitis often depend on one’s geographical location (warmer regions have higher incidences) and age and are identified as follows:

• #69 Pink Eye (Conjunctivitis): Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/pink-eye-conjunctivitis

  Pink eye is inflammation of the conjunctiva, a clear membrane layer that covers parts of your eyes and the inside of your eyelids. This condition is extremely common, partly because it happens for so many different reasons. Many of those reasons are also common. […] Conjunctivitis has dozens of potential causes, but theres one simple way to organize them: infectious and noninfectious. […] Infectious causes come in four subtypes: viral, bacterial, fungal and parasitic. Viral and bacterial conjunctivitis are extremely common. Fungal and parasitic conjunctivitis are generally uncommon or even rare. […] Viruses are the most common cause of acute (short-term) conjunctivitis. The most common virus type that can cause it is the adenovirus family. […] Bacteria rank second among the most common causes of infectious conjunctivitis. The most common bacterial culprits are: Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Haemophilus influenzae, and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) like chlamydia, gonorrhea and syphilis.

• #70 Conjunctivitis (pink eye) | AOA

  https://www.aoa.org/healthy-eyes/eye-and-vision-conditions/conjunctivitis

  Often referred to casually as pink eye, conjunctivitis is the swelling or inflammation of the conjunctiva, the thin, transparent layer of tissue that lines the inner surface of the eyelid and covers the white part of the eye. Causes may or may not be infectious. […] There are three main types of conjunctivitis: allergic, infectious and chemical. The cause of conjunctivitis varies depending on the type. […] Bacterial conjunctivitis is an infection most often caused by staphylococcal or streptococcal bacteria from your own skin or respiratory system. Insects, physical contact with other people, poor hygiene (touching the eye with unclean hands), or using contaminated eye makeup and facial lotions can also cause the infection. […] Viral conjunctivitis is most commonly caused by contagious viruses associated with the common cold. It can develop through exposure to the coughing or sneezing of someone with an upper respiratory tract infection. […] Chemical Conjunctivitis can be caused by irritants like air pollution, chlorine in swimming pools, and exposure to noxious chemicals.

• #71 Patient education: Conjunctivitis (pink eye) (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/conjunctivitis-pink-eye-beyond-the-basics/print

  It is possible to develop a red eye and discharge that is not caused by an infection or allergy or toxicity. The most common causes include one of the following: People with a dry eye may have chronic or intermittent redness or discharge. A person whose eyes are irrigated after a chemical splash may have redness and discharge. A person with a foreign body (eg, dust, eyelash) in the eye may have redness and discharge for 12 to 24 hours after the object is removed. […] The treatment of conjunctivitis depends upon the cause. For this reason, it is important to have the correct diagnosis before treatment begins.

• #72 Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye) | Disease Outbreak Control Division

  https://health.hawaii.gov/docd/disease_listing/conjunctivitis-pink-eye/

  Conjunctivitis or pink eye is an inflammation of the outer lining of the eye. Conjunctivitis is frequently caused by infectious agents, either viruses or bacteria. Conjunctivitis can also be caused by an allergy or by exposure to chemicals that irritate the eye. […] Antibiotic medicines work well to treat pink eye caused by bacteria. These are most often given in the form of eye drops. Viral pink eye will go away on its own without antibiotics.

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