Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Bacterial Conjunctivitis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK546683/

  Acute conjunctivitis of all causes is estimated to occur in 6 million individuals annually in the United States. Encounters for red eyes account for one to four percent of general practitioner visits in the developed world with acute bacterial conjunctivitis the most commonly diagnosed. A peak occurrence of bacterial conjunctivitis reportedly runs from December to April. Conjunctivitis of bacterial etiology is the second most commonly occurring infectious cause and affects children with increased frequency. A 1981 study determined that in approximately 54 percent of pediatric acute, infectious conjunctivitis cases, bacteria were the responsible pathogen. In 2017, a survey of 3000 children with acute conjunctivitis reported that only ten percent of cases were attributable to bacteria. Both studies concurred that physicians’ empiric treatment of conjunctivitis resulted in significantly higher rates of antibiotic administration than may be necessary.

• #2 The Conjunctivitis Conundrum

  https://www.reviewofoptometry.com/article/the-conjunctivitis-conundrum

  Conjunctivitis is the most common cause of eye redness and discharge. The three most common types are viral, allergic and bacterial. Acute conjunctivitis of all causes is estimated to occur in six million Americans annually. The highest rates are among children younger than seven years with the highest incidence occurring between birth and four years. Another peak occurs in women at age 22 and men at age 28. Overall conjunctivitis rates are slightly higher in women than men. Peak seasonal incidence occurs in children in March and in other age groups in May, and this seasonal occurrence is consistent in all geographic regions regardless of changes in climate or weather patterns. Allergic conjunctivitis is the most frequent cause, affecting 15% to 40% of the population, and is seen most often in the spring and summer. Acute bacterial conjunctivitis is second most common and its rates are highest from December to April. […] Conjunctivitis encompasses a wide range of diseases occurring worldwide. It rarely causes permanent vision loss, but its impact on patients quality of life can be considerable. It can cause them to miss work or school, not to mention its effect on their wallet.

• #3 PTA: Conjunctivitis

  https://www.uspharmacist.com/article/pta-conjunctivitis

  Conjunctivitis, also known as pink eye, is a term used to describe a group of conditions related to inflammation of the eyes conjunctiva. It affects nearly 6 million people annually in the United States and accounts for 1% of all visits to primary care doctors. […] Both viral and bacterial conjunctivitis are highly contagious and are easily spread from one person to another. […] Viral conjunctivitis is the most common cause of infectious conjunctivitis, especially in adults during the summer months. The second most common is bacterial conjunctivitis, which is common in school-age children. Bacterial conjunctivitis is more prevalent from December through April. […] Only conjunctivitis caused by viruses or bacteria can be spread from person to person. The virus or bacteria spread via the hands when people touch their eyes.

• #4 Conjunctivitis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK541034/

  The occurrence of conjunctivitis depends on various factors such as age, gender, and time of the year. In the emergency department, cases of acute conjunctivitis show a bimodal distribution. The first peak is observed among children under 7, with the highest incidence between 0 and 4 years. The second peak occurs at 22 years in women and 28 years in men. […] Regardless of changes in climate or weather patterns, seasonality is consistent for all geographic regions, as described in a nationwide emergency department study. Allergic conjunctivitis is the most common cause of conjunctivitis, affecting 15% to 40% of the population, and is often observed in spring and summer. Bacterial conjunctivitis rates are highest from December to April.

• #5 Conjunctivitis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK541034/

  The occurrence of conjunctivitis depends on various factors such as age, gender, and time of the year. In the emergency department, cases of acute conjunctivitis show a bimodal distribution. The first peak is observed among children under 7, with the highest incidence between 0 and 4 years. The second peak occurs at 22 years in women and 28 years in men. […] Regardless of changes in climate or weather patterns, seasonality is consistent for all geographic regions, as described in a nationwide emergency department study. Allergic conjunctivitis is the most common cause of conjunctivitis, affecting 15% to 40% of the population, and is often observed in spring and summer. Bacterial conjunctivitis rates are highest from December to April.

• #6 The Conjunctivitis Conundrum

  https://www.reviewofoptometry.com/article/the-conjunctivitis-conundrum

  Conjunctivitis is the most common cause of eye redness and discharge. The three most common types are viral, allergic and bacterial. Acute conjunctivitis of all causes is estimated to occur in six million Americans annually. The highest rates are among children younger than seven years with the highest incidence occurring between birth and four years. Another peak occurs in women at age 22 and men at age 28. Overall conjunctivitis rates are slightly higher in women than men. Peak seasonal incidence occurs in children in March and in other age groups in May, and this seasonal occurrence is consistent in all geographic regions regardless of changes in climate or weather patterns. Allergic conjunctivitis is the most frequent cause, affecting 15% to 40% of the population, and is seen most often in the spring and summer. Acute bacterial conjunctivitis is second most common and its rates are highest from December to April. […] Conjunctivitis encompasses a wide range of diseases occurring worldwide. It rarely causes permanent vision loss, but its impact on patients quality of life can be considerable. It can cause them to miss work or school, not to mention its effect on their wallet.

• #7 Pink Eye (Conjunctivitis) | MyVision.org

  https://myvision.org/eye-conditions/pink-eye/

  The prevalence of pink eye varies by sex, age and time of the year. The highest rates are in children below the age of 7, and the highest incidences coming in children younger than 4. The secondary peak of the condition occurs at age 22 in women and at 28 in men. […] Overall, the condition is diagnosed in many emergency departments and accounts for almost 1 percent of all eye-related complaints. Its prevalence is higher in women than in men. […] Bacterial conjunctivitis is common between December and April. This type of infection spreads easily, especially in some settings and with specific types of bacteria. Its more common in kids than adults. […] Infectious conjunctivitis spreads rapidly. That makes it crucial to teach your children to wash their hands often with warm water and soap. […] Screening and treating pregnant women for STDs can go a long way in preventing conjunctivitis in newborns. Prenatal screening helps in bacteria control in the birth canal to reduce the risk of infecting the baby during delivery.

• #8 The Conjunctivitis Conundrum

  https://www.reviewofoptometry.com/article/the-conjunctivitis-conundrum

  Conjunctivitis is the most common cause of eye redness and discharge. The three most common types are viral, allergic and bacterial. Acute conjunctivitis of all causes is estimated to occur in six million Americans annually. The highest rates are among children younger than seven years with the highest incidence occurring between birth and four years. Another peak occurs in women at age 22 and men at age 28. Overall conjunctivitis rates are slightly higher in women than men. Peak seasonal incidence occurs in children in March and in other age groups in May, and this seasonal occurrence is consistent in all geographic regions regardless of changes in climate or weather patterns. Allergic conjunctivitis is the most frequent cause, affecting 15% to 40% of the population, and is seen most often in the spring and summer. Acute bacterial conjunctivitis is second most common and its rates are highest from December to April. […] Conjunctivitis encompasses a wide range of diseases occurring worldwide. It rarely causes permanent vision loss, but its impact on patients quality of life can be considerable. It can cause them to miss work or school, not to mention its effect on their wallet.

• #9 Pink Eye (Conjunctivitis) | MyVision.org

  https://myvision.org/eye-conditions/pink-eye/

  The prevalence of pink eye varies by sex, age and time of the year. The highest rates are in children below the age of 7, and the highest incidences coming in children younger than 4. The secondary peak of the condition occurs at age 22 in women and at 28 in men. […] Overall, the condition is diagnosed in many emergency departments and accounts for almost 1 percent of all eye-related complaints. Its prevalence is higher in women than in men. […] Bacterial conjunctivitis is common between December and April. This type of infection spreads easily, especially in some settings and with specific types of bacteria. Its more common in kids than adults. […] Infectious conjunctivitis spreads rapidly. That makes it crucial to teach your children to wash their hands often with warm water and soap. […] Screening and treating pregnant women for STDs can go a long way in preventing conjunctivitis in newborns. Prenatal screening helps in bacteria control in the birth canal to reduce the risk of infecting the baby during delivery.

• #10 Bacterial Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye): Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1191730-overview

  Bacterial conjunctivitis is common worldwide. The estimated incidence of bacterial conjunctivitis in the United States is 135 cases per 10,000 population annually, constituting approximately 1% of all primary care consultations. Internationally, isolated epidemics can be devastating in areas affected by blinding infections of newborns, especially in areas heavily affected by C trachomatis, which can cause blindness in up to 8% of the population. Staphylococcal infection was the most common etiology in Paraguay, Pseudomonas in Thailand, and streptococci in India. […] Bacterial conjunctivitis occurs in persons of all races, although differences in frequencies may be reflected by geographic variations of pathogen prevalence. […] Age is a relevant factor in the prevalence of bacterial conjunctivitis. In the United States, bacterial conjunctivitis is more prevalent in children than in adults; 23% of cases are reported in children aged 0-2 years, 28% in children aged 3-9 years, and 13% in children aged 10-19 years. Adults account for 36% of cases. H influenzae is the most common pathogen in children, followed by S pneumoniae, S aureus, and Moraxella catarrhalis. In adults, S aureus, H influenzae, S pneumoniae, and Moraxella species are the most common pathogens; MRSA prevalence has been increasing in nursing homes.

• #11 Conjunctivitis epidemiology and demographics – wikidoc

  https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Conjunctivitis_epidemiology_and_demographics

  Conjunctivitis accounts for 1% of all primary care and emergency room visits. The incidence of viral conjunctivitis is approximately 80,000 per 100,000 cases with acute conjunctivitis. Viral conjunctivitis more commonly affects adults while bacterial conjunctivitis more commonly affects children. […] The prevalence and incidence of conjunctivitis varies according to the underlying cause, which may be influenced by the patients age, as well as the season of the year. […] The incidence of viral conjunctivitis is approximately 80,000 per 100,000 cases with acute conjunctivitis. The incidence of viral conjunctivitis caused by adenoviruses approximately ranges from 65,000 to 90,000 cases per 100,000 cases with viral conjunctivitis. The incidence of viral conjunctivitis caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV) ranges from 1,300 to 4,800 cases per 100,000 cases with acute conjunctivitis. The incidence of bacterial conjunctivitis was estimated to be 1,350 cases per 100,000 cases with acute conjunctivitis.

• #12 Conjunctivitis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK541034/

  The occurrence of conjunctivitis depends on various factors such as age, gender, and time of the year. In the emergency department, cases of acute conjunctivitis show a bimodal distribution. The first peak is observed among children under 7, with the highest incidence between 0 and 4 years. The second peak occurs at 22 years in women and 28 years in men. […] Regardless of changes in climate or weather patterns, seasonality is consistent for all geographic regions, as described in a nationwide emergency department study. Allergic conjunctivitis is the most common cause of conjunctivitis, affecting 15% to 40% of the population, and is often observed in spring and summer. Bacterial conjunctivitis rates are highest from December to April.

• #13 The Conjunctivitis Conundrum

  https://www.reviewofoptometry.com/article/the-conjunctivitis-conundrum

  Conjunctivitis is the most common cause of eye redness and discharge. The three most common types are viral, allergic and bacterial. Acute conjunctivitis of all causes is estimated to occur in six million Americans annually. The highest rates are among children younger than seven years with the highest incidence occurring between birth and four years. Another peak occurs in women at age 22 and men at age 28. Overall conjunctivitis rates are slightly higher in women than men. Peak seasonal incidence occurs in children in March and in other age groups in May, and this seasonal occurrence is consistent in all geographic regions regardless of changes in climate or weather patterns. Allergic conjunctivitis is the most frequent cause, affecting 15% to 40% of the population, and is seen most often in the spring and summer. Acute bacterial conjunctivitis is second most common and its rates are highest from December to April. […] Conjunctivitis encompasses a wide range of diseases occurring worldwide. It rarely causes permanent vision loss, but its impact on patients quality of life can be considerable. It can cause them to miss work or school, not to mention its effect on their wallet.

• #14 Bacterial Conjunctivitis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK546683/

  Acute conjunctivitis of all causes is estimated to occur in 6 million individuals annually in the United States. Encounters for red eyes account for one to four percent of general practitioner visits in the developed world with acute bacterial conjunctivitis the most commonly diagnosed. A peak occurrence of bacterial conjunctivitis reportedly runs from December to April. Conjunctivitis of bacterial etiology is the second most commonly occurring infectious cause and affects children with increased frequency. A 1981 study determined that in approximately 54 percent of pediatric acute, infectious conjunctivitis cases, bacteria were the responsible pathogen. In 2017, a survey of 3000 children with acute conjunctivitis reported that only ten percent of cases were attributable to bacteria. Both studies concurred that physicians’ empiric treatment of conjunctivitis resulted in significantly higher rates of antibiotic administration than may be necessary.

• #15 Conjunctivitis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK541034/

  The occurrence of conjunctivitis depends on various factors such as age, gender, and time of the year. In the emergency department, cases of acute conjunctivitis show a bimodal distribution. The first peak is observed among children under 7, with the highest incidence between 0 and 4 years. The second peak occurs at 22 years in women and 28 years in men. […] Regardless of changes in climate or weather patterns, seasonality is consistent for all geographic regions, as described in a nationwide emergency department study. Allergic conjunctivitis is the most common cause of conjunctivitis, affecting 15% to 40% of the population, and is often observed in spring and summer. Bacterial conjunctivitis rates are highest from December to April.

• #16 The Conjunctivitis Conundrum

  https://www.reviewofoptometry.com/article/the-conjunctivitis-conundrum

  Conjunctivitis is the most common cause of eye redness and discharge. The three most common types are viral, allergic and bacterial. Acute conjunctivitis of all causes is estimated to occur in six million Americans annually. The highest rates are among children younger than seven years with the highest incidence occurring between birth and four years. Another peak occurs in women at age 22 and men at age 28. Overall conjunctivitis rates are slightly higher in women than men. Peak seasonal incidence occurs in children in March and in other age groups in May, and this seasonal occurrence is consistent in all geographic regions regardless of changes in climate or weather patterns. Allergic conjunctivitis is the most frequent cause, affecting 15% to 40% of the population, and is seen most often in the spring and summer. Acute bacterial conjunctivitis is second most common and its rates are highest from December to April. […] Conjunctivitis encompasses a wide range of diseases occurring worldwide. It rarely causes permanent vision loss, but its impact on patients quality of life can be considerable. It can cause them to miss work or school, not to mention its effect on their wallet.

• #17 PTA: Conjunctivitis

  https://www.uspharmacist.com/article/pta-conjunctivitis

  Conjunctivitis, also known as pink eye, is a term used to describe a group of conditions related to inflammation of the eyes conjunctiva. It affects nearly 6 million people annually in the United States and accounts for 1% of all visits to primary care doctors. […] Both viral and bacterial conjunctivitis are highly contagious and are easily spread from one person to another. […] Viral conjunctivitis is the most common cause of infectious conjunctivitis, especially in adults during the summer months. The second most common is bacterial conjunctivitis, which is common in school-age children. Bacterial conjunctivitis is more prevalent from December through April. […] Only conjunctivitis caused by viruses or bacteria can be spread from person to person. The virus or bacteria spread via the hands when people touch their eyes.

• #18 Conjunctivitis – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conjunctivitis

  Conjunctivitis is the most common eye disease. Rates of disease is related to the underlying cause which varies by the age as well as the time of year. Acute conjunctivitis is most frequently found in infants, school-age children and the elderly. The most common cause of infectious conjunctivitis is viral conjunctivitis. […] It is estimated that acute conjunctivitis affects 6 million people annually in the United States. […] Some seasonal trends have been observed for the occurrence of different forms of conjunctivitis. In the northern hemisphere, the occurrence of bacterial conjunctivitis peaks from December to April, viral conjunctivitis peaks in the summer months and allergic conjunctivitis is more prevalent throughout the spring and summer. […] In September 2023, a significant outbreak of conjunctivitis occurred in Pakistan. The outbreak began in Karachi and quickly spread to Lahore, Rawalpindi, and Islamabad. By the end of the month, over 86,133 cases had been reported in Punjab alone. The rapid spread of the disease led to the temporary closure of schools in the region. This event marked one of the largest outbreaks of Pink Eye in the country’s recent history.

• #19 PTA: Conjunctivitis

  https://www.uspharmacist.com/article/pta-conjunctivitis

  Conjunctivitis, also known as pink eye, is a term used to describe a group of conditions related to inflammation of the eyes conjunctiva. It affects nearly 6 million people annually in the United States and accounts for 1% of all visits to primary care doctors. […] Both viral and bacterial conjunctivitis are highly contagious and are easily spread from one person to another. […] Viral conjunctivitis is the most common cause of infectious conjunctivitis, especially in adults during the summer months. The second most common is bacterial conjunctivitis, which is common in school-age children. Bacterial conjunctivitis is more prevalent from December through April. […] Only conjunctivitis caused by viruses or bacteria can be spread from person to person. The virus or bacteria spread via the hands when people touch their eyes.

• #20 Conjunctivitis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK541034/

  The occurrence of conjunctivitis depends on various factors such as age, gender, and time of the year. In the emergency department, cases of acute conjunctivitis show a bimodal distribution. The first peak is observed among children under 7, with the highest incidence between 0 and 4 years. The second peak occurs at 22 years in women and 28 years in men. […] Regardless of changes in climate or weather patterns, seasonality is consistent for all geographic regions, as described in a nationwide emergency department study. Allergic conjunctivitis is the most common cause of conjunctivitis, affecting 15% to 40% of the population, and is often observed in spring and summer. Bacterial conjunctivitis rates are highest from December to April.

• #21 Conjunctivitis – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conjunctivitis

  Conjunctivitis is the most common eye disease. Rates of disease is related to the underlying cause which varies by the age as well as the time of year. Acute conjunctivitis is most frequently found in infants, school-age children and the elderly. The most common cause of infectious conjunctivitis is viral conjunctivitis. […] It is estimated that acute conjunctivitis affects 6 million people annually in the United States. […] Some seasonal trends have been observed for the occurrence of different forms of conjunctivitis. In the northern hemisphere, the occurrence of bacterial conjunctivitis peaks from December to April, viral conjunctivitis peaks in the summer months and allergic conjunctivitis is more prevalent throughout the spring and summer. […] In September 2023, a significant outbreak of conjunctivitis occurred in Pakistan. The outbreak began in Karachi and quickly spread to Lahore, Rawalpindi, and Islamabad. By the end of the month, over 86,133 cases had been reported in Punjab alone. The rapid spread of the disease led to the temporary closure of schools in the region. This event marked one of the largest outbreaks of Pink Eye in the country’s recent history.

• #22 The Conjunctivitis Conundrum

  https://www.reviewofoptometry.com/article/the-conjunctivitis-conundrum

  Conjunctivitis is the most common cause of eye redness and discharge. The three most common types are viral, allergic and bacterial. Acute conjunctivitis of all causes is estimated to occur in six million Americans annually. The highest rates are among children younger than seven years with the highest incidence occurring between birth and four years. Another peak occurs in women at age 22 and men at age 28. Overall conjunctivitis rates are slightly higher in women than men. Peak seasonal incidence occurs in children in March and in other age groups in May, and this seasonal occurrence is consistent in all geographic regions regardless of changes in climate or weather patterns. Allergic conjunctivitis is the most frequent cause, affecting 15% to 40% of the population, and is seen most often in the spring and summer. Acute bacterial conjunctivitis is second most common and its rates are highest from December to April. […] Conjunctivitis encompasses a wide range of diseases occurring worldwide. It rarely causes permanent vision loss, but its impact on patients quality of life can be considerable. It can cause them to miss work or school, not to mention its effect on their wallet.

• #23 PTA: Conjunctivitis

  https://www.uspharmacist.com/article/pta-conjunctivitis

  Conjunctivitis, also known as pink eye, is a term used to describe a group of conditions related to inflammation of the eyes conjunctiva. It affects nearly 6 million people annually in the United States and accounts for 1% of all visits to primary care doctors. […] Both viral and bacterial conjunctivitis are highly contagious and are easily spread from one person to another. […] Viral conjunctivitis is the most common cause of infectious conjunctivitis, especially in adults during the summer months. The second most common is bacterial conjunctivitis, which is common in school-age children. Bacterial conjunctivitis is more prevalent from December through April. […] Only conjunctivitis caused by viruses or bacteria can be spread from person to person. The virus or bacteria spread via the hands when people touch their eyes.

• #24 Conjunctivitis epidemiology and demographics – wikidoc

  https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Conjunctivitis_epidemiology_and_demographics

  Conjunctivitis accounts for 1% of all primary care and emergency room visits. The incidence of viral conjunctivitis is approximately 80,000 per 100,000 cases with acute conjunctivitis. Viral conjunctivitis more commonly affects adults while bacterial conjunctivitis more commonly affects children. […] The prevalence and incidence of conjunctivitis varies according to the underlying cause, which may be influenced by the patients age, as well as the season of the year. […] The incidence of viral conjunctivitis is approximately 80,000 per 100,000 cases with acute conjunctivitis. The incidence of viral conjunctivitis caused by adenoviruses approximately ranges from 65,000 to 90,000 cases per 100,000 cases with viral conjunctivitis. The incidence of viral conjunctivitis caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV) ranges from 1,300 to 4,800 cases per 100,000 cases with acute conjunctivitis. The incidence of bacterial conjunctivitis was estimated to be 1,350 cases per 100,000 cases with acute conjunctivitis.

• #25 Conjunctivitis epidemiology and demographics – wikidoc

  https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Conjunctivitis_epidemiology_and_demographics

  Conjunctivitis accounts for 1% of all primary care and emergency room visits. The incidence of viral conjunctivitis is approximately 80,000 per 100,000 cases with acute conjunctivitis. Viral conjunctivitis more commonly affects adults while bacterial conjunctivitis more commonly affects children. […] The prevalence and incidence of conjunctivitis varies according to the underlying cause, which may be influenced by the patients age, as well as the season of the year. […] The incidence of viral conjunctivitis is approximately 80,000 per 100,000 cases with acute conjunctivitis. The incidence of viral conjunctivitis caused by adenoviruses approximately ranges from 65,000 to 90,000 cases per 100,000 cases with viral conjunctivitis. The incidence of viral conjunctivitis caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV) ranges from 1,300 to 4,800 cases per 100,000 cases with acute conjunctivitis. The incidence of bacterial conjunctivitis was estimated to be 1,350 cases per 100,000 cases with acute conjunctivitis.

• #26 Conjunctivitis epidemiology and demographics – wikidoc

  https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Conjunctivitis_epidemiology_and_demographics

  Conjunctivitis accounts for 1% of all primary care and emergency room visits. The incidence of viral conjunctivitis is approximately 80,000 per 100,000 cases with acute conjunctivitis. Viral conjunctivitis more commonly affects adults while bacterial conjunctivitis more commonly affects children. […] The prevalence and incidence of conjunctivitis varies according to the underlying cause, which may be influenced by the patients age, as well as the season of the year. […] The incidence of viral conjunctivitis is approximately 80,000 per 100,000 cases with acute conjunctivitis. The incidence of viral conjunctivitis caused by adenoviruses approximately ranges from 65,000 to 90,000 cases per 100,000 cases with viral conjunctivitis. The incidence of viral conjunctivitis caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV) ranges from 1,300 to 4,800 cases per 100,000 cases with acute conjunctivitis. The incidence of bacterial conjunctivitis was estimated to be 1,350 cases per 100,000 cases with acute conjunctivitis.

• #27 Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis – EyeWiki

  https://eyewiki.org/Epidemic_Keratoconjunctivitis

  Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis is a highly contagious disease. Given that no effective treatment yet exists, prevention is the best method to tackle it. The virus can be spread by contact with infected surfaces or objects, and it can remain alive on porous surfaces for 10 days and on nonporous surfaces for over 1 month. […] According to an analysis done at the Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary in Chicago, the risk of infection from household contacts is estimated at 10-20%. […] Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis can also spread via respiratory or infected bodily secretions that enter the body through the nose, throat or conjunctiva. […] The incubation period is about a week before the symptoms manifest. […] A person can be contagious for 2 weeks or longer after first showing symptoms, and this should be taken into consideration when deciding whether to return to work or school.

• #28 Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis – EyeWiki

  https://eyewiki.org/Epidemic_Keratoconjunctivitis

  Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis is a highly contagious disease. Given that no effective treatment yet exists, prevention is the best method to tackle it. The virus can be spread by contact with infected surfaces or objects, and it can remain alive on porous surfaces for 10 days and on nonporous surfaces for over 1 month. […] According to an analysis done at the Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary in Chicago, the risk of infection from household contacts is estimated at 10-20%. […] Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis can also spread via respiratory or infected bodily secretions that enter the body through the nose, throat or conjunctiva. […] The incubation period is about a week before the symptoms manifest. […] A person can be contagious for 2 weeks or longer after first showing symptoms, and this should be taken into consideration when deciding whether to return to work or school.

• #29 Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis – EyeWiki

  https://eyewiki.org/Epidemic_Keratoconjunctivitis

  Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis is a highly contagious disease. Given that no effective treatment yet exists, prevention is the best method to tackle it. The virus can be spread by contact with infected surfaces or objects, and it can remain alive on porous surfaces for 10 days and on nonporous surfaces for over 1 month. […] According to an analysis done at the Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary in Chicago, the risk of infection from household contacts is estimated at 10-20%. […] Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis can also spread via respiratory or infected bodily secretions that enter the body through the nose, throat or conjunctiva. […] The incubation period is about a week before the symptoms manifest. […] A person can be contagious for 2 weeks or longer after first showing symptoms, and this should be taken into consideration when deciding whether to return to work or school.

• #30 Bacterial Conjunctivitis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK546683/

  Acute conjunctivitis of all causes is estimated to occur in 6 million individuals annually in the United States. Encounters for red eyes account for one to four percent of general practitioner visits in the developed world with acute bacterial conjunctivitis the most commonly diagnosed. A peak occurrence of bacterial conjunctivitis reportedly runs from December to April. Conjunctivitis of bacterial etiology is the second most commonly occurring infectious cause and affects children with increased frequency. A 1981 study determined that in approximately 54 percent of pediatric acute, infectious conjunctivitis cases, bacteria were the responsible pathogen. In 2017, a survey of 3000 children with acute conjunctivitis reported that only ten percent of cases were attributable to bacteria. Both studies concurred that physicians’ empiric treatment of conjunctivitis resulted in significantly higher rates of antibiotic administration than may be necessary.

• #31 PTA: Conjunctivitis

  https://www.uspharmacist.com/article/pta-conjunctivitis

  Conjunctivitis, also known as pink eye, is a term used to describe a group of conditions related to inflammation of the eyes conjunctiva. It affects nearly 6 million people annually in the United States and accounts for 1% of all visits to primary care doctors. […] Both viral and bacterial conjunctivitis are highly contagious and are easily spread from one person to another. […] Viral conjunctivitis is the most common cause of infectious conjunctivitis, especially in adults during the summer months. The second most common is bacterial conjunctivitis, which is common in school-age children. Bacterial conjunctivitis is more prevalent from December through April. […] Only conjunctivitis caused by viruses or bacteria can be spread from person to person. The virus or bacteria spread via the hands when people touch their eyes.

• #32 Bacterial Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye): Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1191730-overview

  Bacterial conjunctivitis is common worldwide. The estimated incidence of bacterial conjunctivitis in the United States is 135 cases per 10,000 population annually, constituting approximately 1% of all primary care consultations. Internationally, isolated epidemics can be devastating in areas affected by blinding infections of newborns, especially in areas heavily affected by C trachomatis, which can cause blindness in up to 8% of the population. Staphylococcal infection was the most common etiology in Paraguay, Pseudomonas in Thailand, and streptococci in India. […] Bacterial conjunctivitis occurs in persons of all races, although differences in frequencies may be reflected by geographic variations of pathogen prevalence. […] Age is a relevant factor in the prevalence of bacterial conjunctivitis. In the United States, bacterial conjunctivitis is more prevalent in children than in adults; 23% of cases are reported in children aged 0-2 years, 28% in children aged 3-9 years, and 13% in children aged 10-19 years. Adults account for 36% of cases. H influenzae is the most common pathogen in children, followed by S pneumoniae, S aureus, and Moraxella catarrhalis. In adults, S aureus, H influenzae, S pneumoniae, and Moraxella species are the most common pathogens; MRSA prevalence has been increasing in nursing homes.

• #33 Conjunctivitis epidemiology and demographics – wikidoc

  https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Conjunctivitis_epidemiology_and_demographics

  Conjunctivitis accounts for 1% of all primary care and emergency room visits. The incidence of viral conjunctivitis is approximately 80,000 per 100,000 cases with acute conjunctivitis. Viral conjunctivitis more commonly affects adults while bacterial conjunctivitis more commonly affects children. […] The prevalence and incidence of conjunctivitis varies according to the underlying cause, which may be influenced by the patients age, as well as the season of the year. […] The incidence of viral conjunctivitis is approximately 80,000 per 100,000 cases with acute conjunctivitis. The incidence of viral conjunctivitis caused by adenoviruses approximately ranges from 65,000 to 90,000 cases per 100,000 cases with viral conjunctivitis. The incidence of viral conjunctivitis caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV) ranges from 1,300 to 4,800 cases per 100,000 cases with acute conjunctivitis. The incidence of bacterial conjunctivitis was estimated to be 1,350 cases per 100,000 cases with acute conjunctivitis.

• #34 Bacterial Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye): Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1191730-overview

  Bacterial conjunctivitis is common worldwide. The estimated incidence of bacterial conjunctivitis in the United States is 135 cases per 10,000 population annually, constituting approximately 1% of all primary care consultations. Internationally, isolated epidemics can be devastating in areas affected by blinding infections of newborns, especially in areas heavily affected by C trachomatis, which can cause blindness in up to 8% of the population. Staphylococcal infection was the most common etiology in Paraguay, Pseudomonas in Thailand, and streptococci in India. […] Bacterial conjunctivitis occurs in persons of all races, although differences in frequencies may be reflected by geographic variations of pathogen prevalence. […] Age is a relevant factor in the prevalence of bacterial conjunctivitis. In the United States, bacterial conjunctivitis is more prevalent in children than in adults; 23% of cases are reported in children aged 0-2 years, 28% in children aged 3-9 years, and 13% in children aged 10-19 years. Adults account for 36% of cases. H influenzae is the most common pathogen in children, followed by S pneumoniae, S aureus, and Moraxella catarrhalis. In adults, S aureus, H influenzae, S pneumoniae, and Moraxella species are the most common pathogens; MRSA prevalence has been increasing in nursing homes.

• #35

  https://www.healio.com/news/pediatrics/20120331/pediatric-acute-bacterial-conjunctivitis-an-update

  Pediatric acute bacterial conjunctivitis is a microbial infection involving the bulbar/palpebral conjunctiva of the eye. […] Acute bacterial conjunctivitis affects approximately 1 of every 8 children each year and 5 million cases occur in the United States annually. […] The epidemiology of bacterial conjunctivitis for patients of different age groups; […] changes in conjunctivitis epidemiology following the introduction of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13). […] Nontypeable H influenzae accounts for approximately 50% to 80% of cases of bacterial conjunctivitis after the newborn period. […] The incidence of S pneumoniae infection increases with age, and routine PCV13 vaccination may prevent most cases of PNSP. […] As many as one-third of younger children with acute bacterial conjunctivitis have concomitant acute otitis media.

• #36 Bacterial Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye): Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1191730-overview

  Bacterial conjunctivitis is common worldwide. The estimated incidence of bacterial conjunctivitis in the United States is 135 cases per 10,000 population annually, constituting approximately 1% of all primary care consultations. Internationally, isolated epidemics can be devastating in areas affected by blinding infections of newborns, especially in areas heavily affected by C trachomatis, which can cause blindness in up to 8% of the population. Staphylococcal infection was the most common etiology in Paraguay, Pseudomonas in Thailand, and streptococci in India. […] Bacterial conjunctivitis occurs in persons of all races, although differences in frequencies may be reflected by geographic variations of pathogen prevalence. […] Age is a relevant factor in the prevalence of bacterial conjunctivitis. In the United States, bacterial conjunctivitis is more prevalent in children than in adults; 23% of cases are reported in children aged 0-2 years, 28% in children aged 3-9 years, and 13% in children aged 10-19 years. Adults account for 36% of cases. H influenzae is the most common pathogen in children, followed by S pneumoniae, S aureus, and Moraxella catarrhalis. In adults, S aureus, H influenzae, S pneumoniae, and Moraxella species are the most common pathogens; MRSA prevalence has been increasing in nursing homes.

• #37 Bacterial Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye): Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1191730-overview

  Bacterial conjunctivitis is common worldwide. The estimated incidence of bacterial conjunctivitis in the United States is 135 cases per 10,000 population annually, constituting approximately 1% of all primary care consultations. Internationally, isolated epidemics can be devastating in areas affected by blinding infections of newborns, especially in areas heavily affected by C trachomatis, which can cause blindness in up to 8% of the population. Staphylococcal infection was the most common etiology in Paraguay, Pseudomonas in Thailand, and streptococci in India. […] Bacterial conjunctivitis occurs in persons of all races, although differences in frequencies may be reflected by geographic variations of pathogen prevalence. […] Age is a relevant factor in the prevalence of bacterial conjunctivitis. In the United States, bacterial conjunctivitis is more prevalent in children than in adults; 23% of cases are reported in children aged 0-2 years, 28% in children aged 3-9 years, and 13% in children aged 10-19 years. Adults account for 36% of cases. H influenzae is the most common pathogen in children, followed by S pneumoniae, S aureus, and Moraxella catarrhalis. In adults, S aureus, H influenzae, S pneumoniae, and Moraxella species are the most common pathogens; MRSA prevalence has been increasing in nursing homes.

• #38 Conjunctivitis epidemiology and demographics – wikidoc

  https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Conjunctivitis_epidemiology_and_demographics

  Worldwide, neonatal conjunctivitis or ophthalmia neonatorum still blinds approximately 10,000 babies annually. […] The prevalence of allergic conjunctivitis is estimated to range from 6,000 to 40,000 cases per 100,000 individuals annually. […] The prevalence of keratoconjunctivitis sicca (Dry eye syndrome) approximately ranges from 10,000 to 30,000 cases per 100,000 individuals annually. […] The incidence of infective conjunctivitis is higher in children 1 year old (8,000 cases per 100,000 patient) than in children 4 years of age (1,200 cases per 100,000 patient). […] The prevalence of neonatal conjunctivitis has decreased significantly in developed countries since the abandonment of silver nitrate as topical prophylaxis. Current prevalence of neonatal conjunctivitis in developed countries are 5 per 1,000 live births. […] In developing countries, the incidence of bacterial conjunctivitis is continuing to decrease. […] In the Africa, the incidence of neonatal conjunctivitis is still high.

• #39 Conjunctivitis epidemiology and demographics – wikidoc

  https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Conjunctivitis_epidemiology_and_demographics

  Worldwide, neonatal conjunctivitis or ophthalmia neonatorum still blinds approximately 10,000 babies annually. […] The prevalence of allergic conjunctivitis is estimated to range from 6,000 to 40,000 cases per 100,000 individuals annually. […] The prevalence of keratoconjunctivitis sicca (Dry eye syndrome) approximately ranges from 10,000 to 30,000 cases per 100,000 individuals annually. […] The incidence of infective conjunctivitis is higher in children 1 year old (8,000 cases per 100,000 patient) than in children 4 years of age (1,200 cases per 100,000 patient). […] The prevalence of neonatal conjunctivitis has decreased significantly in developed countries since the abandonment of silver nitrate as topical prophylaxis. Current prevalence of neonatal conjunctivitis in developed countries are 5 per 1,000 live births. […] In developing countries, the incidence of bacterial conjunctivitis is continuing to decrease. […] In the Africa, the incidence of neonatal conjunctivitis is still high.

• #40 PTA: Conjunctivitis

  https://www.uspharmacist.com/article/pta-conjunctivitis

  Specific infectious causes of conjunctivitis require special consideration because of the potential for serious complications. Eye infections caused by the sexually transmitted diseases chlamydia and gonorrhea require treatment with both topical and oral antibiotics. […] In rare instances, conjunctivitis can lead to vision disruption or blindness.

• #41 Pink Eye (Conjunctivitis) | MyVision.org

  https://myvision.org/eye-conditions/pink-eye/

  The prevalence of pink eye varies by sex, age and time of the year. The highest rates are in children below the age of 7, and the highest incidences coming in children younger than 4. The secondary peak of the condition occurs at age 22 in women and at 28 in men. […] Overall, the condition is diagnosed in many emergency departments and accounts for almost 1 percent of all eye-related complaints. Its prevalence is higher in women than in men. […] Bacterial conjunctivitis is common between December and April. This type of infection spreads easily, especially in some settings and with specific types of bacteria. Its more common in kids than adults. […] Infectious conjunctivitis spreads rapidly. That makes it crucial to teach your children to wash their hands often with warm water and soap. […] Screening and treating pregnant women for STDs can go a long way in preventing conjunctivitis in newborns. Prenatal screening helps in bacteria control in the birth canal to reduce the risk of infecting the baby during delivery.

• #42 Pink Eye (Conjunctivitis) | MyVision.org

  https://myvision.org/eye-conditions/pink-eye/

  The prevalence of pink eye varies by sex, age and time of the year. The highest rates are in children below the age of 7, and the highest incidences coming in children younger than 4. The secondary peak of the condition occurs at age 22 in women and at 28 in men. […] Overall, the condition is diagnosed in many emergency departments and accounts for almost 1 percent of all eye-related complaints. Its prevalence is higher in women than in men. […] Bacterial conjunctivitis is common between December and April. This type of infection spreads easily, especially in some settings and with specific types of bacteria. Its more common in kids than adults. […] Infectious conjunctivitis spreads rapidly. That makes it crucial to teach your children to wash their hands often with warm water and soap. […] Screening and treating pregnant women for STDs can go a long way in preventing conjunctivitis in newborns. Prenatal screening helps in bacteria control in the birth canal to reduce the risk of infecting the baby during delivery.

• #43 Conjunctivitis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK541034/

  The occurrence of conjunctivitis depends on various factors such as age, gender, and time of the year. In the emergency department, cases of acute conjunctivitis show a bimodal distribution. The first peak is observed among children under 7, with the highest incidence between 0 and 4 years. The second peak occurs at 22 years in women and 28 years in men. […] Regardless of changes in climate or weather patterns, seasonality is consistent for all geographic regions, as described in a nationwide emergency department study. Allergic conjunctivitis is the most common cause of conjunctivitis, affecting 15% to 40% of the population, and is often observed in spring and summer. Bacterial conjunctivitis rates are highest from December to April.

• #44 The Conjunctivitis Conundrum

  https://www.reviewofoptometry.com/article/the-conjunctivitis-conundrum

  Conjunctivitis is the most common cause of eye redness and discharge. The three most common types are viral, allergic and bacterial. Acute conjunctivitis of all causes is estimated to occur in six million Americans annually. The highest rates are among children younger than seven years with the highest incidence occurring between birth and four years. Another peak occurs in women at age 22 and men at age 28. Overall conjunctivitis rates are slightly higher in women than men. Peak seasonal incidence occurs in children in March and in other age groups in May, and this seasonal occurrence is consistent in all geographic regions regardless of changes in climate or weather patterns. Allergic conjunctivitis is the most frequent cause, affecting 15% to 40% of the population, and is seen most often in the spring and summer. Acute bacterial conjunctivitis is second most common and its rates are highest from December to April. […] Conjunctivitis encompasses a wide range of diseases occurring worldwide. It rarely causes permanent vision loss, but its impact on patients quality of life can be considerable. It can cause them to miss work or school, not to mention its effect on their wallet.

• #45 Conjunctivitis epidemiology and demographics – wikidoc

  https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Conjunctivitis_epidemiology_and_demographics

  Worldwide, neonatal conjunctivitis or ophthalmia neonatorum still blinds approximately 10,000 babies annually. […] The prevalence of allergic conjunctivitis is estimated to range from 6,000 to 40,000 cases per 100,000 individuals annually. […] The prevalence of keratoconjunctivitis sicca (Dry eye syndrome) approximately ranges from 10,000 to 30,000 cases per 100,000 individuals annually. […] The incidence of infective conjunctivitis is higher in children 1 year old (8,000 cases per 100,000 patient) than in children 4 years of age (1,200 cases per 100,000 patient). […] The prevalence of neonatal conjunctivitis has decreased significantly in developed countries since the abandonment of silver nitrate as topical prophylaxis. Current prevalence of neonatal conjunctivitis in developed countries are 5 per 1,000 live births. […] In developing countries, the incidence of bacterial conjunctivitis is continuing to decrease. […] In the Africa, the incidence of neonatal conjunctivitis is still high.

• #46 Conjunctivitis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK541034/

  The occurrence of conjunctivitis depends on various factors such as age, gender, and time of the year. In the emergency department, cases of acute conjunctivitis show a bimodal distribution. The first peak is observed among children under 7, with the highest incidence between 0 and 4 years. The second peak occurs at 22 years in women and 28 years in men. […] Regardless of changes in climate or weather patterns, seasonality is consistent for all geographic regions, as described in a nationwide emergency department study. Allergic conjunctivitis is the most common cause of conjunctivitis, affecting 15% to 40% of the population, and is often observed in spring and summer. Bacterial conjunctivitis rates are highest from December to April.

• #47 Conjunctivitis – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conjunctivitis

  Conjunctivitis is the most common eye disease. Rates of disease is related to the underlying cause which varies by the age as well as the time of year. Acute conjunctivitis is most frequently found in infants, school-age children and the elderly. The most common cause of infectious conjunctivitis is viral conjunctivitis. […] It is estimated that acute conjunctivitis affects 6 million people annually in the United States. […] Some seasonal trends have been observed for the occurrence of different forms of conjunctivitis. In the northern hemisphere, the occurrence of bacterial conjunctivitis peaks from December to April, viral conjunctivitis peaks in the summer months and allergic conjunctivitis is more prevalent throughout the spring and summer. […] In September 2023, a significant outbreak of conjunctivitis occurred in Pakistan. The outbreak began in Karachi and quickly spread to Lahore, Rawalpindi, and Islamabad. By the end of the month, over 86,133 cases had been reported in Punjab alone. The rapid spread of the disease led to the temporary closure of schools in the region. This event marked one of the largest outbreaks of Pink Eye in the country’s recent history.

• #48 The Conjunctivitis Conundrum

  https://www.reviewofoptometry.com/article/the-conjunctivitis-conundrum

  Conjunctivitis is the most common cause of eye redness and discharge. The three most common types are viral, allergic and bacterial. Acute conjunctivitis of all causes is estimated to occur in six million Americans annually. The highest rates are among children younger than seven years with the highest incidence occurring between birth and four years. Another peak occurs in women at age 22 and men at age 28. Overall conjunctivitis rates are slightly higher in women than men. Peak seasonal incidence occurs in children in March and in other age groups in May, and this seasonal occurrence is consistent in all geographic regions regardless of changes in climate or weather patterns. Allergic conjunctivitis is the most frequent cause, affecting 15% to 40% of the population, and is seen most often in the spring and summer. Acute bacterial conjunctivitis is second most common and its rates are highest from December to April. […] Conjunctivitis encompasses a wide range of diseases occurring worldwide. It rarely causes permanent vision loss, but its impact on patients quality of life can be considerable. It can cause them to miss work or school, not to mention its effect on their wallet.

• #49 Pink Eye (Conjunctivitis): What You Should Know – Consensus: AI Search Engine for Research

  https://consensus.app/home/blog/pink-eye-conjunctivitis-what-you-should-know/

  Conjunctivitis, or pink eye, is a common and treatable condition with various etiologies. […] Emerging surveillance tools and regional studies are enhancing our understanding of this condition, leading to better prevention and treatment strategies. […] Diagnosis of conjunctivitis is primarily clinical, based on the characteristic symptoms and patient history. However, emerging tools such as internet-based search engines and social media data are being explored to understand the epidemiologic patterns of conjunctivitis. […] This highlights the importance of regional surveillance to tailor appropriate public health interventions.

• #50 JMIR Public Health and Surveillance – Estimating the Incidence of Conjunctivitis by Comparing the Frequency of Google Search Terms With Clinical Data: Retrospective Study

  https://publichealth.jmir.org/2021/3/e22645/

  Background: Infectious conjunctivitis is contagious and may lead to an outbreak. Prevention systems can help to avoid an outbreak. […] Since 2001, in Germany, adenoviral epidemic keratoconjunctivitis has been a notifiable disease according to the German Protection Against Infection Act (IfSG). […] From an epidemiological point of view, this is a serious problem because this precludes preventive measures to contain the outbreak. […] The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential of the analysis of Google search data to estimate the incidence of epidemic conjunctivitis. […] It seems likely that the periodicity of the curves is caused by a seasonal effect since the timing of the highest search rates through the analyzed 4 years was very similar in the 13 curves. Seasonality is well known for infectious conjunctivitis.

• #51 Pink Eye (Conjunctivitis): What You Should Know – Consensus: AI Search Engine for Research

  https://consensus.app/home/blog/pink-eye-conjunctivitis-what-you-should-know/

  Conjunctivitis, or pink eye, is a common and treatable condition with various etiologies. […] Emerging surveillance tools and regional studies are enhancing our understanding of this condition, leading to better prevention and treatment strategies. […] Diagnosis of conjunctivitis is primarily clinical, based on the characteristic symptoms and patient history. However, emerging tools such as internet-based search engines and social media data are being explored to understand the epidemiologic patterns of conjunctivitis. […] This highlights the importance of regional surveillance to tailor appropriate public health interventions.

• #52 JMIR Public Health and Surveillance – Estimating the Incidence of Conjunctivitis by Comparing the Frequency of Google Search Terms With Clinical Data: Retrospective Study

  https://publichealth.jmir.org/2021/3/e22645/

  Background: Infectious conjunctivitis is contagious and may lead to an outbreak. Prevention systems can help to avoid an outbreak. […] Since 2001, in Germany, adenoviral epidemic keratoconjunctivitis has been a notifiable disease according to the German Protection Against Infection Act (IfSG). […] From an epidemiological point of view, this is a serious problem because this precludes preventive measures to contain the outbreak. […] The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential of the analysis of Google search data to estimate the incidence of epidemic conjunctivitis. […] It seems likely that the periodicity of the curves is caused by a seasonal effect since the timing of the highest search rates through the analyzed 4 years was very similar in the 13 curves. Seasonality is well known for infectious conjunctivitis.

• #53 JMIR Public Health and Surveillance – Estimating the Incidence of Conjunctivitis by Comparing the Frequency of Google Search Terms With Clinical Data: Retrospective Study

  https://publichealth.jmir.org/2021/3/e22645/

  Our analysis demonstrates a clear correlation between the Google search volume for the signs and symptoms of conjunctivitis and the density of patients who present with the signs and symptoms of conjunctivitis. […] Google search data may be useful in combination with clinical data to assist in estimating the incidence of infectious conjunctivitis in the context of epidemic outbreaks.

• #54 JMIR Public Health and Surveillance – Estimating the Incidence of Conjunctivitis by Comparing the Frequency of Google Search Terms With Clinical Data: Retrospective Study

  https://publichealth.jmir.org/2021/3/e22645/

  Our analysis demonstrates a clear correlation between the Google search volume for the signs and symptoms of conjunctivitis and the density of patients who present with the signs and symptoms of conjunctivitis. […] Google search data may be useful in combination with clinical data to assist in estimating the incidence of infectious conjunctivitis in the context of epidemic outbreaks.

• #55 JMIR Public Health and Surveillance – Estimating the Incidence of Conjunctivitis by Comparing the Frequency of Google Search Terms With Clinical Data: Retrospective Study

  https://publichealth.jmir.org/2021/3/e22645/

  Our analysis demonstrates a clear correlation between the Google search volume for the signs and symptoms of conjunctivitis and the density of patients who present with the signs and symptoms of conjunctivitis. […] Google search data may be useful in combination with clinical data to assist in estimating the incidence of infectious conjunctivitis in the context of epidemic outbreaks.

• #56 Conjunctivitis – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conjunctivitis

  Conjunctivitis is the most common eye disease. Rates of disease is related to the underlying cause which varies by the age as well as the time of year. Acute conjunctivitis is most frequently found in infants, school-age children and the elderly. The most common cause of infectious conjunctivitis is viral conjunctivitis. […] It is estimated that acute conjunctivitis affects 6 million people annually in the United States. […] Some seasonal trends have been observed for the occurrence of different forms of conjunctivitis. In the northern hemisphere, the occurrence of bacterial conjunctivitis peaks from December to April, viral conjunctivitis peaks in the summer months and allergic conjunctivitis is more prevalent throughout the spring and summer. […] In September 2023, a significant outbreak of conjunctivitis occurred in Pakistan. The outbreak began in Karachi and quickly spread to Lahore, Rawalpindi, and Islamabad. By the end of the month, over 86,133 cases had been reported in Punjab alone. The rapid spread of the disease led to the temporary closure of schools in the region. This event marked one of the largest outbreaks of Pink Eye in the country’s recent history.

• #57 The Outbreak of Highly Contagious Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye) in Major Cities of Pakistan

  https://www.openinfectiousdiseasesjournal.com/VOLUME/16/ELOCATOR/e18742793285298/FULLTEXT/

  In the last week of August, an adenovirus-based conjunctivitis outbreak emerged, as various media sources claimed that the conjunctivitis epidemic in Karachi was caused by the weather, a subpar hygiene system, and the compromised cleaning practices. According to statistics from the first week of September 2023, every major hospital in Karachi received more than 100 daily reports of patients with acute conjunctivitis seeking medical attention. In a previous study conducted in Karachi, it was shown that a similar outbreak in the city occurred in the 1990s and 75% of the cases were caused by Adenovirus while bacterial conjunctivitis accounted for 20% of the total cases while the same pattern is observed in the recent ongoing outbreak as well. The health authorities also implemented school closures as a precautionary measure to curb the transmission of the virus among children.

• #58 The Outbreak of Highly Contagious Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye) in Major Cities of Pakistan

  https://www.openinfectiousdiseasesjournal.com/VOLUME/16/ELOCATOR/e18742793285298/FULLTEXT/

  Though Lahore is the second-largest city in Pakistan according to demographic measures, and hundreds of people travel daily from Karachi to other parts of Pakistan, it is quite understandable that Lahore has become the second victim city of the highly contagious viral conjunctivitis, reaching 40% prevalence of infection. As per the latest reports, more than 200 individuals in Lahore’s major hospitals had severe conjunctivitis. The primary and secondary health department of the Punjab, which is based in Lahore, issued an advisory suggesting the greater need for prevention strategies such as the use of hand sanitizer, avoiding touching eyes without proper hand hygiene, and refraining from using items that had come into contact with infected individuals. Furthermore, there are a few eye drops in the market, however, only recommended drops must be used. The key factors for this dissemination are poor sanitation, severe rains that clog sewerage systems in many parts of the city, and an absence of awareness of the infection’s prevention and transmission.

• #59 The Outbreak of Highly Contagious Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye) in Major Cities of Pakistan

  https://www.openinfectiousdiseasesjournal.com/VOLUME/16/ELOCATOR/e18742793285298/FULLTEXT/

  Pakistan, as well as some parts of its neighboring country India, are under the surge of this outbreak as a result of low hygiene, bad sanitation systems, and the current climate, higher rainfall that creates humid circumstances that are favorable conditions for the survival of etiological agents of conjunctivitis and their possible transmission. Lack of awareness among the masses regarding the prevention, control, and treatment of conjunctivitis are also major contributing factor to the current spread of conjunctivitis. It is highly recommended that health authorities take these factors specified attentively in order to stop this alarming and highly transmissible infection.

• #60

  https://journals.lww.com/ijsgh/fulltext/2024/03010/rising_rates_of_conjunctivitis_in_pakistan_.29.aspx

  A delay in diagnosing and treating conjunctivitis can cause pain and eye loss, and access to healthcare facilities and adequate treatment is problematic owing to disparities in healthcare provision between urban and rural locations. […] The temperature and environment of Pakistan have a significant impact on the occurrence of eye infections like conjunctivitis, and as these illnesses may have a detrimental effect on ones quality of life and mental health, it is imperative that steps be taken to address the pandemic. […] According to the Provincial Health Department, conjunctivitis, often known as pink eye, is becoming more prevalent in the metropolis and surrounding metropolitan areas. […] Delay in conjunctivitis diagnosis and treatment can cause discomfort and damage to eyesight, and access to medical facilities and adequate care is challenging due to the gap in healthcare accessibility between urban and rural locations. […] The climate and environment of Pakistan have a significant impact on the occurrence of eye infections.

• #61 What Is Causing So Much Pink Eye? | Scientific American

  https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/what-is-causing-so-much-pink-eye/

  A new variant of the virus that causes COVID is drawing international attention, not just for its rapid spread but for its tendency to cause one unexpected symptom: conjunctivitis, or pink eye. […] The World Health Organization has categorized Arcturus as a variant of interest, which means it has genetic changes that could affect its behavior, along with an advantage over other variants in circulation. […] Experts have known since the pandemics beginning that COVID can cause eye symptoms such as pain, itching, burning and the telltale pink hue of conjunctivitis. […] Its still not clear exactly how often COVID causes conjunctivitis, but it appears to be more common in young people. […] According to the American Academy of Ophthalmology, the estimated prevalence in adults is 1 to 3 percent, a number based on research in China.

• #62 What Is Causing So Much Pink Eye? | Scientific American

  https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/what-is-causing-so-much-pink-eye/

  A new variant of the virus that causes COVID is drawing international attention, not just for its rapid spread but for its tendency to cause one unexpected symptom: conjunctivitis, or pink eye. […] The World Health Organization has categorized Arcturus as a variant of interest, which means it has genetic changes that could affect its behavior, along with an advantage over other variants in circulation. […] Experts have known since the pandemics beginning that COVID can cause eye symptoms such as pain, itching, burning and the telltale pink hue of conjunctivitis. […] Its still not clear exactly how often COVID causes conjunctivitis, but it appears to be more common in young people. […] According to the American Academy of Ophthalmology, the estimated prevalence in adults is 1 to 3 percent, a number based on research in China.

• #63 What Is Causing So Much Pink Eye? | Scientific American

  https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/what-is-causing-so-much-pink-eye/

  Although there is not yet an official analysis to quantify the rate of conjunctivitis caused by the latest variant, chatter among experts and early evidence from India suggests that pink eye is fairly commonespecially in kids under age 12, says Shahzad Mian, an ophthalmologist at the University of Michigan. […] The reason why some variants cause more eye problems than others likely depends on mutations in the viruss spike protein that make it bond more strongly to cells in the eye, experts say. […] Arcturus isnt the first variant that has shown an affinity for receptors in the eyes. […] If a variant can more easily bind to a receptor, more virus particles can infect the cells, leading to a bigger immune response, Singh says. […] A COVID infection can begin in the eyes and spread systemically, or it can begin somewhere else, and the systemic changes can affect the eyes, he adds.

• #64 What Is Causing So Much Pink Eye? | Scientific American

  https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/what-is-causing-so-much-pink-eye/

  A new variant of the virus that causes COVID is drawing international attention, not just for its rapid spread but for its tendency to cause one unexpected symptom: conjunctivitis, or pink eye. […] The World Health Organization has categorized Arcturus as a variant of interest, which means it has genetic changes that could affect its behavior, along with an advantage over other variants in circulation. […] Experts have known since the pandemics beginning that COVID can cause eye symptoms such as pain, itching, burning and the telltale pink hue of conjunctivitis. […] Its still not clear exactly how often COVID causes conjunctivitis, but it appears to be more common in young people. […] According to the American Academy of Ophthalmology, the estimated prevalence in adults is 1 to 3 percent, a number based on research in China.

• #65 What Is Causing So Much Pink Eye? | Scientific American

  https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/what-is-causing-so-much-pink-eye/

  A new variant of the virus that causes COVID is drawing international attention, not just for its rapid spread but for its tendency to cause one unexpected symptom: conjunctivitis, or pink eye. […] The World Health Organization has categorized Arcturus as a variant of interest, which means it has genetic changes that could affect its behavior, along with an advantage over other variants in circulation. […] Experts have known since the pandemics beginning that COVID can cause eye symptoms such as pain, itching, burning and the telltale pink hue of conjunctivitis. […] Its still not clear exactly how often COVID causes conjunctivitis, but it appears to be more common in young people. […] According to the American Academy of Ophthalmology, the estimated prevalence in adults is 1 to 3 percent, a number based on research in China.

• #66 What Is Causing So Much Pink Eye? | Scientific American

  https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/what-is-causing-so-much-pink-eye/

  Although there is not yet an official analysis to quantify the rate of conjunctivitis caused by the latest variant, chatter among experts and early evidence from India suggests that pink eye is fairly commonespecially in kids under age 12, says Shahzad Mian, an ophthalmologist at the University of Michigan. […] The reason why some variants cause more eye problems than others likely depends on mutations in the viruss spike protein that make it bond more strongly to cells in the eye, experts say. […] Arcturus isnt the first variant that has shown an affinity for receptors in the eyes. […] If a variant can more easily bind to a receptor, more virus particles can infect the cells, leading to a bigger immune response, Singh says. […] A COVID infection can begin in the eyes and spread systemically, or it can begin somewhere else, and the systemic changes can affect the eyes, he adds.

• #67 How climate change is damaging our vision | Knowable Magazine

  https://knowablemagazine.org/content/article/health-disease/2025/how-climate-change-threatens-eye-health

  Cataracts, pink eye and other ocular disorders are linked to heat, air pollution and higher UV exposure. […] Climate change is also causing an uptick in other eye conditions. These include keratitis an inflammation of the cornea, the eyes clear, outermost layer pterygium, an overgrowth of fleshy pink tissue over the white part of the eye (called the sclera) and conjunctivitis, an eye infection or irritation also called pinkeye, notes Yee Ling Wong, an ophthalmologist-in-training at Manchester Royal Eye Hospital in the UK and coauthor of a 2024 overview in the Journal of Climate Change and Health. […] One 2023 study of nearly 60,000 people in rmqi, in northwestern China, found that temperatures exceeding 28.7C just 83F increased the risk of conjunctivitis by roughly 16 percent compared to daily temperatures around 10.7C, or 51F. Longer pollen seasons and increased mold growth, both of which have been linked to climate change, are also contributing to an uptick in conjunctivitis caused by allergies, says ophthalmologist Malik Kahook at the University of Colorado School of Medicine.

• #68 How climate change is damaging our vision | Knowable Magazine

  https://knowablemagazine.org/content/article/health-disease/2025/how-climate-change-threatens-eye-health

  Cataracts, pink eye and other ocular disorders are linked to heat, air pollution and higher UV exposure. […] Climate change is also causing an uptick in other eye conditions. These include keratitis an inflammation of the cornea, the eyes clear, outermost layer pterygium, an overgrowth of fleshy pink tissue over the white part of the eye (called the sclera) and conjunctivitis, an eye infection or irritation also called pinkeye, notes Yee Ling Wong, an ophthalmologist-in-training at Manchester Royal Eye Hospital in the UK and coauthor of a 2024 overview in the Journal of Climate Change and Health. […] One 2023 study of nearly 60,000 people in rmqi, in northwestern China, found that temperatures exceeding 28.7C just 83F increased the risk of conjunctivitis by roughly 16 percent compared to daily temperatures around 10.7C, or 51F. Longer pollen seasons and increased mold growth, both of which have been linked to climate change, are also contributing to an uptick in conjunctivitis caused by allergies, says ophthalmologist Malik Kahook at the University of Colorado School of Medicine.

• #69 Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye) | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/conjunctivitis/index.html

  Pink eye is one of the most common and treatable eye conditions. Pink eye caused by viruses and bacteria is very contagious. […] Learn about the different causes and types of conjunctivitis and how to treat and counsel patients.

• #70 Pink Eye: Causes and How It Spreads | Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye) | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/conjunctivitis/causes/index.html

  Pink eye caused by viruses and bacteria is very contagious. […] Pink eye caused by viruses and bacteria can easily spread from person to person in different ways. […] Prevent getting or spreading pink eye by practicing good hygiene, including washing your hands often for at least 20 seconds. […] Pink eye is one of the most common and treatable eye conditions.

• #71 PTA: Conjunctivitis

  https://www.uspharmacist.com/article/pta-conjunctivitis

  Conjunctivitis, also known as pink eye, is a term used to describe a group of conditions related to inflammation of the eyes conjunctiva. It affects nearly 6 million people annually in the United States and accounts for 1% of all visits to primary care doctors. […] Both viral and bacterial conjunctivitis are highly contagious and are easily spread from one person to another. […] Viral conjunctivitis is the most common cause of infectious conjunctivitis, especially in adults during the summer months. The second most common is bacterial conjunctivitis, which is common in school-age children. Bacterial conjunctivitis is more prevalent from December through April. […] Only conjunctivitis caused by viruses or bacteria can be spread from person to person. The virus or bacteria spread via the hands when people touch their eyes.

• #72

  https://www.aao.org/eye-health/diseases/pink-eye-conjunctivitis

  Bacterial and viral conjunctivitis are easily spread from person to person. […] Children are more likely than adults to get pink eye from bacteria or viruses. That’s because these germs easily spread from child to child on infected surfaces and unwashed hands, especially in areas with close contact such as schools and day care centers. […] Bacterial and viral conjunctivitis can be quite contagious. Children are most likely to get pink eye from bacteria or viruses. This is because they are in close contact with so many others in school or day care centers. […] Viral and bacterial conjunctivitis can spread quickly from person to person.

• #73

  https://www.aao.org/eye-health/diseases/pink-eye-conjunctivitis

  Bacterial and viral conjunctivitis are easily spread from person to person. […] Children are more likely than adults to get pink eye from bacteria or viruses. That’s because these germs easily spread from child to child on infected surfaces and unwashed hands, especially in areas with close contact such as schools and day care centers. […] Bacterial and viral conjunctivitis can be quite contagious. Children are most likely to get pink eye from bacteria or viruses. This is because they are in close contact with so many others in school or day care centers. […] Viral and bacterial conjunctivitis can spread quickly from person to person.

• #74 „Icky” stuff kids get: Pink eye

  https://www.childrens.com/health-wellness/pink-eye-educational-resources

  Pink eye, or conjunctivitis, is an inflammation of the thin membrane that covers the inner eyelids and white surface of the eye. […] Pink eye is an extremely common condition in kids, says LeAnn Kridelbaugh, M.D., pediatrician with Children’s Health. […] Viral and bacterial pink eye are extremely contagious. The infection can spread from one eye to the other by touching the affected eye or fluid from the eye, and it can also spread to other people. Fluid from the eye is still contagious for 24 to 48 hours after starting treatment. […] Pink eye spreads rapidly. The best way to avoid it is to make sure your child washes his or her hands frequently with soap and water.

• #75 Pink Eye: Causes and How It Spreads | Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye) | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/conjunctivitis/causes/index.html

  Pink eye caused by viruses and bacteria is very contagious. […] Pink eye caused by viruses and bacteria can easily spread from person to person in different ways. […] Prevent getting or spreading pink eye by practicing good hygiene, including washing your hands often for at least 20 seconds. […] Pink eye is one of the most common and treatable eye conditions.

• #76 „Icky” stuff kids get: Pink eye

  https://www.childrens.com/health-wellness/pink-eye-educational-resources

  Pink eye, or conjunctivitis, is an inflammation of the thin membrane that covers the inner eyelids and white surface of the eye. […] Pink eye is an extremely common condition in kids, says LeAnn Kridelbaugh, M.D., pediatrician with Children’s Health. […] Viral and bacterial pink eye are extremely contagious. The infection can spread from one eye to the other by touching the affected eye or fluid from the eye, and it can also spread to other people. Fluid from the eye is still contagious for 24 to 48 hours after starting treatment. […] Pink eye spreads rapidly. The best way to avoid it is to make sure your child washes his or her hands frequently with soap and water.

• #77 Conjunctivitis – treatment, symptoms and causes | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/conjunctivitis

  Conjunctivitis is sometimes known as 'pink eye’ or 'sticky eye’. […] Conjunctivitis affects people of all ages. Bacterial conjunctivitis is more common in children, and viral conjunctivitis is more common in adults. Viral and bacterial conjunctivitis can be highly contagious. […] You can catch conjunctivitis from droplets from the eyes, mouth and throat of an infective person. This can happen through touch, coughing or sneezing. You can also catch it from contact with objects that were contaminated with infectious eye secretions, such as towels, face washers and tissues. […] Both viral and bacterial conjunctivitis are highly contagious. To help stop the spread of infectious conjunctivitis to other people you should: Cover your mouth when you cough or sneeze. […] Most people who have conjunctivitis recover within 2-5 days. Rarely, complications can occur which include: dry eyes, corneal ulcer (keratitis).

• #78 Pink Eye: Causes and How It Spreads | Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye) | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/conjunctivitis/causes/index.html

  Pink eye caused by viruses and bacteria is very contagious. […] Pink eye caused by viruses and bacteria can easily spread from person to person in different ways. […] Prevent getting or spreading pink eye by practicing good hygiene, including washing your hands often for at least 20 seconds. […] Pink eye is one of the most common and treatable eye conditions.

• #79 The Outbreak of Highly Contagious Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye) in Major Cities of Pakistan

  https://www.openinfectiousdiseasesjournal.com/VOLUME/16/ELOCATOR/e18742793285298/FULLTEXT/

  Though Lahore is the second-largest city in Pakistan according to demographic measures, and hundreds of people travel daily from Karachi to other parts of Pakistan, it is quite understandable that Lahore has become the second victim city of the highly contagious viral conjunctivitis, reaching 40% prevalence of infection. As per the latest reports, more than 200 individuals in Lahore’s major hospitals had severe conjunctivitis. The primary and secondary health department of the Punjab, which is based in Lahore, issued an advisory suggesting the greater need for prevention strategies such as the use of hand sanitizer, avoiding touching eyes without proper hand hygiene, and refraining from using items that had come into contact with infected individuals. Furthermore, there are a few eye drops in the market, however, only recommended drops must be used. The key factors for this dissemination are poor sanitation, severe rains that clog sewerage systems in many parts of the city, and an absence of awareness of the infection’s prevention and transmission.

• #80 Conjunctivitis („Pink Eye”) Fact Sheet

  https://health.maryland.gov/phpa/pages/conjuctivitis.aspx

  Conjunctivitis is an infection of the eyes commonly known as „pink eye”. It is most often caused by a virus but can also be caused by bacteria. […] Anyone can get conjunctivitis. Preschoolers and schoolage children get it most often because of crowding and lack of good handwashing and hygiene. […] Conjunctivitis is usually a mild illness. Viral conjunctivitis will go away by itself in one to six weeks. Yellow pus may be a sign of infection by bacteria. […] People with conjunctivitis should be excluded from school and child care settings until cleared by a health care provider that it is not contagious, after taking antibiotics for 24 hours, or until symptoms have resolved.

• #81 Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis – EyeWiki

  https://eyewiki.org/Epidemic_Keratoconjunctivitis

  The physician’s office or hospital setting is often the point of origin for many EKC outbreaks and prevention measures should be exercised thoroughly in these locations. […] It has been postulated that in addition to causing acute outbreaks, EKC can also be endemic, in some instances arising from reservoirs found within individual communities.

• #82 The Conjunctivitis Conundrum

  https://www.reviewofoptometry.com/article/the-conjunctivitis-conundrum

  Conjunctivitis is the most common cause of eye redness and discharge. The three most common types are viral, allergic and bacterial. Acute conjunctivitis of all causes is estimated to occur in six million Americans annually. The highest rates are among children younger than seven years with the highest incidence occurring between birth and four years. Another peak occurs in women at age 22 and men at age 28. Overall conjunctivitis rates are slightly higher in women than men. Peak seasonal incidence occurs in children in March and in other age groups in May, and this seasonal occurrence is consistent in all geographic regions regardless of changes in climate or weather patterns. Allergic conjunctivitis is the most frequent cause, affecting 15% to 40% of the population, and is seen most often in the spring and summer. Acute bacterial conjunctivitis is second most common and its rates are highest from December to April. […] Conjunctivitis encompasses a wide range of diseases occurring worldwide. It rarely causes permanent vision loss, but its impact on patients quality of life can be considerable. It can cause them to miss work or school, not to mention its effect on their wallet.

• #83 The Conjunctivitis Conundrum

  https://www.reviewofoptometry.com/article/the-conjunctivitis-conundrum

  Conjunctivitis is the most common cause of eye redness and discharge. The three most common types are viral, allergic and bacterial. Acute conjunctivitis of all causes is estimated to occur in six million Americans annually. The highest rates are among children younger than seven years with the highest incidence occurring between birth and four years. Another peak occurs in women at age 22 and men at age 28. Overall conjunctivitis rates are slightly higher in women than men. Peak seasonal incidence occurs in children in March and in other age groups in May, and this seasonal occurrence is consistent in all geographic regions regardless of changes in climate or weather patterns. Allergic conjunctivitis is the most frequent cause, affecting 15% to 40% of the population, and is seen most often in the spring and summer. Acute bacterial conjunctivitis is second most common and its rates are highest from December to April. […] Conjunctivitis encompasses a wide range of diseases occurring worldwide. It rarely causes permanent vision loss, but its impact on patients quality of life can be considerable. It can cause them to miss work or school, not to mention its effect on their wallet.

• #84 PTA: Conjunctivitis

  https://www.uspharmacist.com/article/pta-conjunctivitis

  Specific infectious causes of conjunctivitis require special consideration because of the potential for serious complications. Eye infections caused by the sexually transmitted diseases chlamydia and gonorrhea require treatment with both topical and oral antibiotics. […] In rare instances, conjunctivitis can lead to vision disruption or blindness.

• #85 PTA: Conjunctivitis

  https://www.uspharmacist.com/article/pta-conjunctivitis

  Specific infectious causes of conjunctivitis require special consideration because of the potential for serious complications. Eye infections caused by the sexually transmitted diseases chlamydia and gonorrhea require treatment with both topical and oral antibiotics. […] In rare instances, conjunctivitis can lead to vision disruption or blindness.

• #86

  https://journals.lww.com/ijsgh/fulltext/2024/03010/rising_rates_of_conjunctivitis_in_pakistan_.29.aspx

  A delay in diagnosing and treating conjunctivitis can cause pain and eye loss, and access to healthcare facilities and adequate treatment is problematic owing to disparities in healthcare provision between urban and rural locations. […] The temperature and environment of Pakistan have a significant impact on the occurrence of eye infections like conjunctivitis, and as these illnesses may have a detrimental effect on ones quality of life and mental health, it is imperative that steps be taken to address the pandemic. […] According to the Provincial Health Department, conjunctivitis, often known as pink eye, is becoming more prevalent in the metropolis and surrounding metropolitan areas. […] Delay in conjunctivitis diagnosis and treatment can cause discomfort and damage to eyesight, and access to medical facilities and adequate care is challenging due to the gap in healthcare accessibility between urban and rural locations. […] The climate and environment of Pakistan have a significant impact on the occurrence of eye infections.

• #87 Conjunctivitis epidemiology and demographics – wikidoc

  https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Conjunctivitis_epidemiology_and_demographics

  Conjunctivitis accounts for 1% of all primary care and emergency room visits. The incidence of viral conjunctivitis is approximately 80,000 per 100,000 cases with acute conjunctivitis. Viral conjunctivitis more commonly affects adults while bacterial conjunctivitis more commonly affects children. […] The prevalence and incidence of conjunctivitis varies according to the underlying cause, which may be influenced by the patients age, as well as the season of the year. […] The incidence of viral conjunctivitis is approximately 80,000 per 100,000 cases with acute conjunctivitis. The incidence of viral conjunctivitis caused by adenoviruses approximately ranges from 65,000 to 90,000 cases per 100,000 cases with viral conjunctivitis. The incidence of viral conjunctivitis caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV) ranges from 1,300 to 4,800 cases per 100,000 cases with acute conjunctivitis. The incidence of bacterial conjunctivitis was estimated to be 1,350 cases per 100,000 cases with acute conjunctivitis.

• #88 Conjunctivitis epidemiology and demographics – wikidoc

  https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Conjunctivitis_epidemiology_and_demographics

  Worldwide, neonatal conjunctivitis or ophthalmia neonatorum still blinds approximately 10,000 babies annually. […] The prevalence of allergic conjunctivitis is estimated to range from 6,000 to 40,000 cases per 100,000 individuals annually. […] The prevalence of keratoconjunctivitis sicca (Dry eye syndrome) approximately ranges from 10,000 to 30,000 cases per 100,000 individuals annually. […] The incidence of infective conjunctivitis is higher in children 1 year old (8,000 cases per 100,000 patient) than in children 4 years of age (1,200 cases per 100,000 patient). […] The prevalence of neonatal conjunctivitis has decreased significantly in developed countries since the abandonment of silver nitrate as topical prophylaxis. Current prevalence of neonatal conjunctivitis in developed countries are 5 per 1,000 live births. […] In developing countries, the incidence of bacterial conjunctivitis is continuing to decrease. […] In the Africa, the incidence of neonatal conjunctivitis is still high.

• #89 Conjunctivitis epidemiology and demographics – wikidoc

  https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Conjunctivitis_epidemiology_and_demographics

  Conjunctivitis accounts for 1% of all primary care and emergency room visits. The incidence of viral conjunctivitis is approximately 80,000 per 100,000 cases with acute conjunctivitis. Viral conjunctivitis more commonly affects adults while bacterial conjunctivitis more commonly affects children. […] The prevalence and incidence of conjunctivitis varies according to the underlying cause, which may be influenced by the patients age, as well as the season of the year. […] The incidence of viral conjunctivitis is approximately 80,000 per 100,000 cases with acute conjunctivitis. The incidence of viral conjunctivitis caused by adenoviruses approximately ranges from 65,000 to 90,000 cases per 100,000 cases with viral conjunctivitis. The incidence of viral conjunctivitis caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV) ranges from 1,300 to 4,800 cases per 100,000 cases with acute conjunctivitis. The incidence of bacterial conjunctivitis was estimated to be 1,350 cases per 100,000 cases with acute conjunctivitis.

• #90 Conjunctivitis epidemiology and demographics – wikidoc

  https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Conjunctivitis_epidemiology_and_demographics

  Worldwide, neonatal conjunctivitis or ophthalmia neonatorum still blinds approximately 10,000 babies annually. […] The prevalence of allergic conjunctivitis is estimated to range from 6,000 to 40,000 cases per 100,000 individuals annually. […] The prevalence of keratoconjunctivitis sicca (Dry eye syndrome) approximately ranges from 10,000 to 30,000 cases per 100,000 individuals annually. […] The incidence of infective conjunctivitis is higher in children 1 year old (8,000 cases per 100,000 patient) than in children 4 years of age (1,200 cases per 100,000 patient). […] The prevalence of neonatal conjunctivitis has decreased significantly in developed countries since the abandonment of silver nitrate as topical prophylaxis. Current prevalence of neonatal conjunctivitis in developed countries are 5 per 1,000 live births. […] In developing countries, the incidence of bacterial conjunctivitis is continuing to decrease. […] In the Africa, the incidence of neonatal conjunctivitis is still high.

• #91 Keeping an eye on pink eye: a global conjunctivitis outbreak expert survey. | Doan Lab at UCSF

  https://doanlab.ucsf.edu/publications/keeping-eye-pink-eye-global-conjunctivitis-outbreak-expert-survey

  Recurrent conjunctivitis epidemics are prevalent worldwide. […] We surveyed conjunctivitis researchers about perceived trends in prevalence, incidence and aetiologies of conjunctivitis epidemics. […] Of the 155 participants, 7% endorsed globally variable and dynamic microbial aetiologies of conjunctivitis epidemics. Increased incidence of conjunctivitis epidemics over the last decade were reported by 21% of respondents. […] There is regional equipoise regarding the increasing incidence and emerging underlying aetiologies of epidemic conjunctivitis. Further investigation of global surveillance and microbial characterization of conjunctivitis outbreaks could improve prevention and outcomes.

• #92 Keeping an eye on pink eye: a global conjunctivitis outbreak expert survey. | Doan Lab at UCSF

  https://doanlab.ucsf.edu/publications/keeping-eye-pink-eye-global-conjunctivitis-outbreak-expert-survey

  Recurrent conjunctivitis epidemics are prevalent worldwide. […] We surveyed conjunctivitis researchers about perceived trends in prevalence, incidence and aetiologies of conjunctivitis epidemics. […] Of the 155 participants, 7% endorsed globally variable and dynamic microbial aetiologies of conjunctivitis epidemics. Increased incidence of conjunctivitis epidemics over the last decade were reported by 21% of respondents. […] There is regional equipoise regarding the increasing incidence and emerging underlying aetiologies of epidemic conjunctivitis. Further investigation of global surveillance and microbial characterization of conjunctivitis outbreaks could improve prevention and outcomes.

Zobacz więcej