Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Laryngitis – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/laryngitis/symptoms-causes/syc-20374262

  Laryngitis is an inflammation of your voice box (larynx) from overuse, irritation or infection. […] Most cases of laryngitis are triggered by a temporary viral infection and aren’t serious. […] Causes of acute laryngitis include: Viral infections similar to those that cause a cold, Vocal strain, caused by yelling or overusing your voice, Bacterial infections, although these are less common. […] Laryngitis that lasts longer than three weeks is known as chronic laryngitis. This type of laryngitis is generally caused by exposure to irritants over time. Chronic laryngitis can be caused by: Inhaled irritants, such as chemical fumes, allergens or smoke, Acid reflux, also called gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), Chronic sinusitis, Excessive alcohol use, Habitual overuse of your voice (such as in singers or cheerleaders), Smoking.

• #1 Acute Laryngitis

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7152044/

  Acute laryngitis is a clinical syndrome commonly encountered by primary care physicians. The symptoms are often described as the recent onset of hoarseness or a husky voice with decreased voice projection often associated with a dry cough. […] All of the major respiratory viruses have been etiologically associated with laryngitis. In the study of patients older than 5 years of age with a primary diagnosis of laryngitis, 21% had infection with parainfluenza virus, 15% had rhinovirus, 3% had influenza virus, and 3% had adenovirus. […] Bacterial respiratory infections have also been associated with acute laryngitis. Several authors have noted the presence of hoarseness in patients with acute streptococcal pharyngitis. […] Uncommon causes of acute laryngitis include herpesviruses, parvovirus B19, mucosal candidiasis, Coccidioides immitis, Anncaliia algerae, Cryptococcus neoformans, Sporothrix schenckii, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and group G -hemolytic streptococci in normal and immunocompromised patients.

• #2 Acute Laryngitis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK534871/

  Laryngitis refers to inflammation of the larynx, most commonly caused by an acute viral infection, resulting in hoarseness, sore throat, and voice loss. […] The etiology of acute laryngitis can be classified as either infectious or non-infectious. The infectious form is more common and usually follows an upper respiratory tract infection. Viral agents such as rhinovirus, parainfluenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, coronavirus, adenovirus, and influenza are all potential etiologic agents (listed in roughly descending order of frequency). […] Acute infectious laryngitis in adults is most commonly caused by the viral organisms listed above. These same agents are common in pediatric acute laryngitis, though it is important to remember croup (laryngotracheobronchitis) in children, which is due to parainfluenza virus (most commonly parainfluenza-1).

• #2 Acute Laryngitis

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7152044/

  Gastroesophageal reflux is a recognized cause of both acute and chronic laryngitis and should be treated when recognized. […] Laryngeal histoplasmosis is a complication of disseminated infection and manifests as hoarseness of indolent onset without cough. […] Other noninfectious causes of acute laryngitis include voice abuse, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and laryngeal malignancy.

• #3 Laryngitis: Diagnosis, Symptoms, Causes, Treatments & Recovery

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22268-laryngitis

  Laryngitis occurs because of infection, irritation or overuse of the vocal cords. […] The condition can develop when your vocal cords are overused, irritated or infected. […] Laryngitis may occur for several reasons. However, laryngitis causes can vary depending on whether your condition is acute or chronic: […] Acute laryngitis causes include temporary vocal strain from yelling, singing or frequent speaking, viral infections, bacterial infections, and Candida (yeast) infections. […] Chronic laryngitis causes include persistent overuse of your voice, chronic sinusitis, GERD (chronic acid reflux), smoking, and heavy drinking.

• #3 Acute Laryngitis

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7152044/

  Acute laryngitis is a clinical syndrome commonly encountered by primary care physicians. The symptoms are often described as the recent onset of hoarseness or a husky voice with decreased voice projection often associated with a dry cough. […] All of the major respiratory viruses have been etiologically associated with laryngitis. In the study of patients older than 5 years of age with a primary diagnosis of laryngitis, 21% had infection with parainfluenza virus, 15% had rhinovirus, 3% had influenza virus, and 3% had adenovirus. […] Bacterial respiratory infections have also been associated with acute laryngitis. Several authors have noted the presence of hoarseness in patients with acute streptococcal pharyngitis. […] Uncommon causes of acute laryngitis include herpesviruses, parvovirus B19, mucosal candidiasis, Coccidioides immitis, Anncaliia algerae, Cryptococcus neoformans, Sporothrix schenckii, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and group G -hemolytic streptococci in normal and immunocompromised patients.

• #3 What is Laryngitis? Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://nnmg.com/blog/what-is-laryngitis-causes-symptoms-and-treatment/

  Laryngitis is a common medical condition characterized by inflammation of the larynx, also known as the voice box. This inflammation results in a range of symptoms, most notably changes in voice quality. […] Viral infections, such as the common cold or flu, are the most common cause of sudden laryngitis. Overusing your voice, through shouting or prolonged speaking, can also lead to laryngitis. Other causes include viral infections and harsh irritants like pollution. […] Often caused by viral infections like the common cold or flu, it may also result from straining the voice, such as from excessive talking, shouting, cheering or singing. […] Risk factors for chronic laryngitis include: Smoking and secondhand smoke exposure are among the most significant risk factors for developing chronic laryngitis. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), where stomach acid backs up into the throat, can cause chronic laryngitis. Other risk factors include environmental allergies and consistent exposure to chemical fumes or toxins.

• #4 Laryngitis – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laryngitis

  Laryngitis is categorized as acute if it lasts less than 3 weeks and chronic if symptoms last more than 3 weeks. Acute cases usually occur as part of a viral upper respiratory tract infection, other infections, and trauma such as from coughing or other causes. Chronic cases may occur due to smoking, tuberculosis, allergies, acid reflux, rheumatoid arthritis, or sarcoidosis. The underlying mechanism involves irritation of the vocal cords. […] Most acute cases of laryngitis are caused by viral infections, the most common of which tend to be rhinovirus, influenza virus, parainfluenza virus, adenovirus, coronavirus, and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). In patients who have a compromised immune system, other viruses such as herpes and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) may also be potential causes.

• #5 Laryngitis – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laryngitis

  This is another major cause of acute laryngitis, and it may develop in conjunction with or due to a bacterial infection. Common bacterial strains are group A streptococcus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, C. diphtheriae, M. catarrhalis, Haemophilus influenzae, Bordetella pertussis, Bacillus anthracis, and M. tuberculosis. […] Laryngitis can be infectious as well as noninfectious in origin. The resulting inflammation of the vocal folds results in a distortion of the sound produced there. It normally develops in response to either an infection, trauma to the vocal folds, or allergies. Chronic laryngitis may also be caused by more severe problems, such as nerve damage, sores, and polyps, or hard and thick lumps (nodules) on the vocal cords. […] One possible explanation of chronic laryngitis is that inflammation is caused by gastro-esophageal reflux, which causes subsequent irritation of the vocal folds.

• #6 Infectious or Allergic Chronic Laryngitis Clinical Presentation: History, Physical, Causes

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/864767-clinical

  The bacterium most commonly isolated in chronic infectious laryngitis is Staphylococcus aureus. Haemophilus influenzae and pneumococcal species may complicate the course of viral laryngitis. […] Tuberculosis, caused by infection with the tubercle bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosis hominis, was a common disease of the larynx. Overall incidence has declined. The hematogenous route and the infected sputum from pulmonary tuberculosis are the most likely sources of infection. […] Leprosy, caused by infection with Mycobacterium leprae (also known as Hansen bacillus): This acid-fast bacilli has a propensity to invade nerves and to affect the larynx, primarily the epiglottis. […] Syphilis, caused by the spiral bacterium Treponema pallidum: Syphilis has 3 stages of disease, as follows: primary, in which the chancre is the main clinical finding; secondary, in which systemic and cutaneous involvement predominate; and tertiary, in which destructive noninfectious processes are prevalent. The larynx is involved in the secondary and tertiary stages.

• #6 Acute Laryngitis

  https://fpnotebook.com/ENT/Larynx/ActLryngts.htm

  Laryngitis is the most common cause of Hoarseness in adults. […] Viral Infection (Most common, responsible for 90% of cases) includes Parainfluenza Virus, Rhinovirus, Influenza Virus, Adenovirus, and Coronavirus. […] Bacterial Infection includes Acute Streptococcal Pharyngitis, Diphtheria (rare in United States due to Vaccine), Moraxella catarrhalis, and Haemophilus Influenzae. […] Atypical infections include Coccidioides immitis, Cryptococcus neoformans, Tuberculosis, Blastomycosis, and Histoplasmosis. […] Causes: Non-Infectious Acute Laryngitis include Acute Voice Abuse, Persistent coughing, and Allergic Rhinitis.

• #7 Infectious or Allergic Chronic Laryngitis Clinical Presentation: History, Physical, Causes

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/864767-clinical

  Viruses, although most important in determining viral laryngitis, play a minor role in the etiology of chronic laryngitis. […] Fungal infections are very common. Patients who are immunocompromised, either naturally or as a consequence of a pharmacologic treatment, are mainly affected. […] Allergic responses of immediate or delayed hypersensitivity types can cause chronic laryngitis. […] Environmental factors, such as dust, fumes, chemicals, and toxins, can cause this condition. […] Systemic diseases, mostly autoimmune, may cause chronic laryngitis. […] Neurologic causes may contribute to chronic laryngitis.

• #8 Laryngitis: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

  https://patient.info/ears-nose-throat-mouth/laryngitis-leaflet

  Less common infections (for example, the fungal infection called thrush or candida). […] Overuse of your voice. This is particularly common in people who use their voice in their jobs – for example, teachers, professional singers, actors. […] Allergies – for example, hay fever, allergic rhinitis, asthma. […] Reflux of acid from the stomach. Acid can travel up from the stomach and cause irritation of the throat or voice box (larynx). […] Cigarette smoke – smoking yourself or second hand smoke (passive smoking). […] Trauma or injury to your neck. […] Other diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis or systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). […] Certain medicines – for example: […] Steroid inhalers. […] Antihistamines (often used for hay fever or allergy). […] Certain blood pressure medicines such as angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and water tablets (diuretics). […] A change in your voice which lasts for more than three weeks always needs checking out by your doctor.

• #8 Laryngitis: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

  https://patient.info/ears-nose-throat-mouth/laryngitis-leaflet

  Laryngitis is an inflammation of the mucus membranes of your voice box (larynx), which causes you to have a hoarse voice. It is most commonly due to an infection, usually a virus. […] Most cases of laryngitis are caused by a virus infection but there are many other possible causes (see 'Laryngitis causes’ below). […] The causes of laryngitis include: […] Laryngitis is most often due to infection with a germ. The commonest germ causing laryngitis is a virus (viral laryngitis) although bacteria and fungi can also be causes of laryngitis. Other causes are much less common. […] Laryngitis may also be caused by a long period of screaming, yelling or singing very loudly. This causes your vocal cords to bang together which can make them inflamed. […] If laryngitis doesn’t settle after three weeks, it is called chronic laryngitis. Causes for this include:

• #9 Infectious Laryngitis

  https://app1.unmc.edu/medicine/heywood/laryngealdisease/Data/infection.htm

  Bacterial laryngitis occurs frequently with bronchitis and is predominantly caused by M.catarrhalis and H.influenzae. […] Fungal laryngitis is most commonly caused by candid albicans and occurs in immuno-compromised patients. The patients on long courses of antibiotics or patients receiving inhaled steroids are also susceptible to this type of laryngitis. […] Viral laryngitis is the most common cause of hoarseness and it occurs very frequently with upper respiratory infections.

• #10 Acute Laryngitis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK534871/

  Acute non-infectious laryngitis can be due to vocal trauma/abuse/misuse, allergy, gastroesophageal reflux disease, asthma, environmental pollution, smoking, inhalational injuries, or functional/conversion disorders. […] Gastroesophageal reflux (GERD), specifically extra-esophageal GERD, termed laryngopharyngeal reflux, is an exceptionally common cause of voice symptoms and laryngitis. […] Asthma may predispose to laryngitis due to chemical irritation from inhaler use, and chronic steroid inhaler use can predispose to fungal laryngitis, particularly if patients are not drinking plain water after their steroid inhaler use as instructed. […] Environmental causes, such as seasonal and environmental allergies or seasonal or constant air pollution, can irritate the vocal cords which may trigger acute laryngeal symptoms. […] Functional dysphonia is a term for a group of true conversion disorders and encompasses a wide range of voice symptoms and physical examination findings.

• #11 Laryngitis: Causes, Treatment, Prevention | Froedtert & MCW

  https://www.froedtert.com/ent/laryngitis

  Laryngitis is an inflammation of the larynx, the medical term for the voice box. […] Acute cases of laryngitis are often caused by irritants to the vocal cords, such as a minor infection. Laryngitis can also be caused by: Overusing your voice, Yelling or screaming, Vocal fatigue, Sinusitis (infection in the sinuses), Smoking, Heavy drinking, Reflux, Allergies, Preexisting respiratory conditions such as asthma. […] Most people do not reach the point of overuse, but people who use their voice often and loudly, such as teachers, pastors, singers and actors, have the highest risk for laryngitis. […] However, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, ear, nose and throat specialists are seeing an increase in people with vocal issues who aren’t typical patients. […] In many cases, chronic laryngitis can be permanently resolved with conservative measures.

• #12 Laryngitis: Causes, Symptoms, and Diagnosis

  https://www.healthline.com/health/laryngitis-2

  Laryngitis occurs when your voice box or vocal cords become inflamed from overuse, irritation, or infection. […] Many conditions can cause the inflammation that results in laryngitis. Viral infections, environmental factors, and bacterial infections can all cause laryngitis. […] Acute laryngitis is a temporary condition caused by overusing the vocal cords. It can also be caused by an infection. […] Acute laryngitis can be caused by: viral infections, straining your vocal cords by talking or yelling, bacterial infections, drinking too much alcohol. […] Chronic laryngitis results from long-term exposure to irritants. […] Chronic laryngitis can be caused by: frequent exposure to harmful chemicals or allergens, acid reflux, frequent sinus infections, smoking or being around smokers, overusing your voice, low-grade yeast infections caused by frequent use of an asthma inhaler. […] Cancer, paralysis of the vocal cords, or changes in vocal cord shape as you age can also cause persistent hoarseness and sore throats.

• #13 Acute Laryngitis: Practice Essentials, Pathophysiology, Epidemiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/864671-overview

  Although acute laryngitis is usually not a result of vocal abuse, vocal abuse is often a result of acute laryngitis. The underlying infection or inflammation results in a hoarse voice. […] Acute laryngitis is an inflammation of the vocal fold mucosa and larynx that lasts less than 3 weeks. When the etiology of acute laryngitis is infectious, white blood cells remove microorganisms during the healing process. […] Patients who develop acute laryngitis from an infectious etiology rather than vocal trauma may ultimately injure their vocal folds.

• #14 Laryngitis – symptoms, treatment, causes and diagnosis | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/laryngitis

  Laryngitis is commonly caused by a viral infection, such as a cold or flu. Bacterial infection may also cause laryngitis, although this is rare. COVID-19 may also lead to laryngitis and a hoarse voice. You can also get laryngitis if you strain or overuse your voice by yelling or after long periods of talking, shouting or singing. […] Laryngitis is said to be chronic (long term) when it lasts for more than 3 weeks. Chronic laryngitis is usually caused by: smoking or excessive alcohol use, breathing in irritants, such as fumes, dust and chemicals, reflux, repeated strain on the vocal cords, such as in singers, an injury to the vocal cords or growths on the vocal cords, allergies, a sinus infection.

• #15 Infectious or Allergic Chronic Laryngitis Clinical Presentation: History, Physical, Causes

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/864767-clinical

  Cigarette smoke is chronically irritating to the laryngeal mucosa. At the extreme, it can provoke cancer. […] Ethanol contains many impurities, such as mycotoxins, tannins, aldehydes, and pesticides, which may cause cancer, either by direct contact with the mucosa or through a systemic effect, or may act as an irritant. […] Chronic laryngitis associated with GERD is particularly important. The irritant is the gastric content, and the most significant part of the injury occurs at night when patients lie down. […] The posterior wall of the larynx is mainly involved in the common and mild forms of GERD, although the process can involve any part of the upper respiratory tract epithelium. Diagnosis can be made after excluding other causes and after confirming the condition with appropriate pH studies. Reflux from any cause can elicit chronic laryngitis.

• #16 Chronic Laryngitis – Harvard Health

  https://www.health.harvard.edu/a_to_z/chronic-laryngitis-a-to-z

  Laryngitis is an inflammation of the larynx, the „voice box” that contains the vocal cords in the upper portion of the neck. […] Among adults, the most common causes of chronic laryngitis are: Voice abuse or misuse. This means talking too much or too loudly. […] Smoking. Cigarette smoke irritates the larynx, causing swelling and inflammation that thickens the vocal cords. […] Drinking alcohol heavily. Alcohol causes a chemical irritation of the larynx that produces changes similar to those seen in smokers. […] Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). GERD is a disorder in which acidic fluids from the stomach flow backward (reflux) into the esophagus and throat, irritating the larynx. […] Work-related exposure to irritating chemicals or dusts. Many industrial products are suspected of causing chronic laryngitis and other respiratory problems. […] Less often, chronic laryngitis can be caused by chronic sinusitis with postnasal drip. Rarely, it can be caused by an inflammatory illness or infection directly involving the vocal cords (such as sarcoidosis or tuberculosis).

• #17 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/Laryngitis-Causes-Symptoms.aspx

  Laryngitis is inflammation in and around the mucus membranes of the larynx or voice box. Most cases of laryngitis are caused by an infection. […] The common cold and influenza are the most common causes of laryngitis. Less often, the condition is caused by fungal infections such as candidiasis or bacterial infections such as diphtheria. When infection is the cause of laryngitis, the condition is referred to as infectious laryngitis. […] Laryngitis can also be caused by over straining the voice through shouting or singing loudly, for example. Straining the voice causes rapid vibration of the vocal cords, which can damage their surface and cause them to become inflamed. Laryngitis caused by this is known of as mechanical laryngitis. […] Other causes of laryngitis include excessive smoking and alcohol intake, gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) and allergy to dust, fumes or toxins.

• #18 Laryngitis – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/laryngitis/symptoms-causes/syc-20374262

  Less common causes of chronic laryngitis include: Bacterial or fungal infections, Infections with certain parasites. […] Other causes of chronic hoarseness include: Cancer, Vocal cord paralysis, which can result from nerve injury due to surgery, injury to the chest or neck, cancer, nerve disorders, or other health conditions, Bowing of the vocal cords.

• #19 Acute Laryngitis: Practice Essentials, Pathophysiology, Epidemiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/864671-overview

  Laryngitis, an inflammation of the larynx, is one of the most common laryngeal conditions identified. It manifests in acute and chronic forms. […] The etiology of acute laryngitis includes vocal misuse, exposure to noxious agents, or infectious agents leading to upper respiratory tract infections. The infectious agents are most often viral but sometimes bacterial. […] Rarely, laryngeal inflammation results from an autoimmune condition such as rheumatoid arthritis, relapsing polychondritis, Wegener granulomatosis, or sarcoidosis. A case report showed a 2-year-old intubated patient who was given activated charcoal for poisoning, resulting in obstructive laryngitis. This unusual case demonstrates the myriad potential etiologies of acute laryngitis. […] Chronic laryngitis may be caused by environmental factors such as inhalation of cigarette smoke or polluted air (eg, gaseous chemicals), irritation from asthma inhalers, vocal misuse (eg, prolonged vocal use at abnormal loudness or pitch), or gastrointestinal esophageal reflux.

• #20 Laryngitis: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://www.medicinenet.com/laryngitis/article.htm

  The SARS-Co-V2 (Covid-19) virus, along with the omicron variant, can laryngitis. The omicron variant has been reported to cause some cases of severe laryngitis, leading to further complications such as upper airway stenosis. […] Autoimmune diseases that cause chronic laryngitis include: Wegner’s granulomatosis, Amyloidosis, Systemic lupus erythematosus, Relapsing polychondritis.

• #21 Laryngitis – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laryngitis

  Between approximately 30 and 75% of persons with rheumatoid arthritis report symptoms of laryngitis. Symptoms of laryngitis are present in only 0.55% of people that have sarcoidosis. According to a meta-analysis by Silva et al. (2007), this disease is often an uncommon cause of laryngeal symptoms and is frequently misdiagnosed as another voice disorder.

• #22 Laryngitis Causes and Diagnoses | Northwestern Medicine

  https://www.nm.org/conditions-and-care-areas/ent-ear-nose-throat/laryngitis/causes-and-diagnosis

  When you talk or sing, air passes through your vocal cords from the lungs, causing the vocal cords to vibrate and produce sound. Inflammation of the vocal cords causes the voice changes and pain associated with laryngitis. Causes of that inflammation include: […] In rare cases, causes can include: […] Hoarseness is often a natural part of the aging process or can be associated with hormonal changes during menstruation.

• #23 Laryngitis | Symptoms, Causes, Treatment | Britannica

  https://www.britannica.com/science/laryngitis

  Laryngitis is classified as simple, diphtheritic, tuberculous, or syphilitic laryngitis. […] Simple laryngitis is usually associated with the common cold or similar infections. Nonbacterial agents such as chlorine gas, steam, or sulfur dioxide can also cause severe inflammation. […] Diphtheritic laryngitis is caused by the spread of diphtheria from the region of the upper throat down to the larynx. […] Tuberculous laryngitis is a secondary infection spread from the initial site in the lungs. […] Syphilitic laryngitis is one of the many complications of syphilis.

• #24 Laryngitis Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/diseases-conditions/laryngitis

  Laryngitis is swelling and irritation (inflammation) of the voice box (larynx). The most common form of laryngitis is an infection caused by a virus. It may also be caused by: […] Laryngitis often occurs with an upper respiratory infection, which is typically caused by a virus. […] Several forms of laryngitis occur in children that can lead to a dangerous or fatal respiratory blockage. These forms include: Croup, Epiglottitis.

• #25 Laryngitis Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/condition/laryngitis

  Certain viruses or bacteria can infect the larynx and cause it to swell. Usually, the virus comes from another illness, such as a cold, the flu, or bronchitis. Laryngitis can also occur from using the voice too much (singing or shouting). Chronic laryngitis can be caused by heavy smoking, excessive alcohol use, or acid reflux (gastroesophageal reflux disease or GERD), caused when stomach acid backs up into the esophagus. […] Antibiotics are not recommended because most cases of laryngitis are caused by a virus. […] For laryngitis resulting from a bacterial infection. […] For laryngitis resulting from allergies. […] Laryngitis rarely causes serious problems. However, two conditions that may occur in children include: Croup, which narrows the airway passages, causes difficulty breathing, and leads to a „barking” cough. Epiglottitis, which is inflammation of the epiglottis, the flap of cartilage at the back of the tongue that closes off the windpipe when swallowing. If it swells, the child may have trouble breathing.

• #26 Laryngitis: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://www.medicinenet.com/laryngitis/article.htm

  Laryngitis is an inflammation of the vocal cords located in the larynx or voice box. […] There are a number of different causes of acute and chronic laryngitis. […] Acute laryngitis is most commonly caused by a viral infection that inflames the vocal cords. It also may be caused by voice overuse with excess talking, singing, or shouting. […] Laryngitis is considered chronic when symptoms last more than three weeks, and it may be caused by: Prolonged alcohol use, Smoking, Constant exposure to secondhand smoke, Exposure to polluted air, Excess coughing, Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) may cause reflux laryngitis and chronic cough. […] Not all individuals who have lost their voice have an infection. Not all hoarseness is due to a primary inflammation of the vocal cords. […] Diphtheria and pertussis may cause laryngitis-like symptoms, but because most people in the United States have been immunized against these infections, these are very uncommon causes.

• #27 Identify signs of acute laryngitis | Ada

  https://ada.com/conditions/acute-laryngitis/

  Acute laryngitis may have infectious or non-infectious causes, including overuse of the voice which puts a strain on the vocal cords, or gastrointestinal reflux disease (GERD); laryngitis caused by GERD is called reflux laryngitis. […] There are both infectious and non-infectious causes of acute laryngitis. The most common causes are flu or cold due to a virus. Non-infectious causes include overuse of the voice, gastric reflux (which can irritate the lining of the throat), or an injury to the voice box region. […] The hoarseness of the voice (dysphonia) which results from laryngitis is caused by the distorted shape of the inflamed larynx. Because the vocal cords in the larynx are swollen, the air passing over them makes sounds (speech) which are different from normal. […] Chronic laryngitis is less likely to be caused by bacterial or viral infections than acute laryngitis, and more likely to be caused by an ongoing problem or condition, such as by acid reflux from gastrointestinal reflux disease (GERD), habitual overuse of the voice which damages the vocal cords, excessive alcohol use, use of tobacco products (especially smoking), or chronic sinusitis.

• #28 Laryngitis Causes, Symptoms, & Treatments

  https://throatdisorder.com/voice-disorders/laryngitis/

  Laryngitis is inflammation of the larynx or vocal fold swelling. […] However, laryngitis can be due to a number of causes including allergies, post nasal drip, reflux, fungus, or other infections. […] Vocal fold inflammation is commonly due to the accumulation of proteins and water in the vocal folds which disturbs the delicate layer of the vocal folds.

• #29 Laryngitis – Hancock Health

  https://www.hancockhealth.org/mayo-health-library/laryngitis/

  Risk factors for laryngitis include: Having a respiratory infection, such as a cold, bronchitis or sinusitis, Exposure to irritating substances, such as cigarette smoke, excessive alcohol intake, stomach acid or workplace chemicals, Overusing your voice, by speaking too much, speaking too loudly, shouting or singing. […] In some cases of laryngitis caused by infection, the infection may spread to other parts of the respiratory tract.

• #30 Laryngitis Symptoms and Causes | Voice Box Inflammation | swheal

  https://swheal.com/conditions/laryngitis/

  Laryngitis occurs when the vocal cords are overused, irritated, or infected. […] The risk factors for laryngitis include: Exposure to irritants like smoke, allergens, or pollutants, Respiratory tract infections, such as a cold, bronchitis, or sinusitis, Overuse of voice, Heavy drinking, Conditions such as asthma, allergies, or immune system disorders, Gastrointestinal reflux disease (GERD). […] Acute laryngitis causes: Temporary vocal strain due to yelling, singing, or frequent speaking, Viral infections, Bacterial infections, Candida (yeast) infections. […] Causes of chronic laryngitis: Persistent overuse of the voice, Chronic sinusitis, GERD (chronic acid reflux), Smoking, Consuming too much alcohol. […] Common triggers for laryngitis include viral infections, vocal cord strain, acid reflux, smoking, and exposure to irritants or allergens as well as bacterial infections.

• #31 Laryngitis: Symptoms & Causes | NewYork-Presbyterian

  https://www.nyp.org/primary-care/laryngitis

  Laryngitis is inflammation of the voice box (larynx). […] The types of laryngitis include: […] Acute laryngitis is short-lived, lasting no more than a few days or up to three weeks, and may be caused by temporary factors such as an upper respiratory infection or overuse of the voice. […] Chronic laryngitis lasts longer than three weeks and may be attributed to ongoing exposures such as inhaled irritants, smoking, or alcohol abuse. […] There are many causes of laryngitis. Among the most common are: […] Viral infection, such as a cold or the flu […] Bronchitis […] Straining the voice through overuse or yelling […] Acid reflux (heartburn) […] Smoking […] Inhaled irritants […] Excessive alcohol use […] Larynx cancer. […] People with the following risk factors are more likely to develop laryngitis: […] Smoking […] Regular straining of the voice, such as cheerleaders or coaches […] Occupational exposure to irritating chemicals […] Chronic sinus infections and other respiratory infections […] Allergies […] Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).

• #32 What is Laryngitis and How to Treat It

  https://www.webmd.com/cold-and-flu/what-is-laryngitis

  Acid reflux can also play a role. Acids can travel up from the stomach into your throat and all the way to your larynx. This may irritate your larynx and make you lose your voice. […] Rarely, chronic laryngitis is caused by infection by bacteria, viruses, or parasites. Some health conditions, including certain cancers, can also make you more likely to get laryngitis. […] COVID-19 itself doesn’t give you laryngitis, but its symptoms could. COVID-19 often makes you cough a lot, which may inflame your voice box and make your vocal cords stiff and swollen. Infections such as COVID-19 can also damage your vagus nerve, which starts in your brain and runs all the way down into your stomach. If the vagus nerve isn’t working like it should, your vocal cords won’t, either. […] Having a tube down your throat can irritate your vocal cords and lead to laryngitis.

• #33 Laryngitis symptoms and treatment | St. Luke’s Health

  https://www.stlukeshealth.org/services-specialties/primarycare/laryngitis

  Laryngitis is not contagious. It’s usually caused by factors like infections, overuse, or irritants, and isn’t directly spread from person to person. However, if the underlying cause is a viral or bacterial infection, that infection might be contagious. […] What are the causes of laryngitis? […] Viral infections: Common cold, flu, and other viral infections can lead to inflammation of the vocal cords. […] Bacterial infections: Bacterial infections, although less common, can also contribute to laryngitis. […] Voice strain: Overuse or strain on the vocal cords from excessive talking, shouting, or singing. […] Irritants: Exposure to irritants like smoke, pollutants, and chemicals can lead to inflammation. […] Acid reflux: Stomach acid flowing back into the throat can irritate and inflame the vocal cords.

• #34 Laryngitis I Ohio State Medical Center

  https://wexnermedical.osu.edu/ear-nose-throat/voice-and-swallowing-disorders/laryngitis

  Laryngitis is one of the most common voice disorders that can affect the way you talk or communicate. […] The voice box becomes inflamed for three main reasons: infection, irritation or overuse. If your laryngitis is caused by a viral or bacterial infection, it can be contagious, meaning you can pass it on to others. […] Other causes of laryngitis include: Straining or overuse of voice, Poor vocal hygiene, including dehydration, Smoking or vaping, Heavy drinking, Irritants, such as gastroesophageal reflux or sinus issues, Inhalation of certain medications, Certain autoimmune disorders, like Wegeners disease or pemphigus, Sore or dry throat and cough. […] Laryngitis is generally acute, meaning it goes away in a few days or weeks, if its caused by an infection or temporary vocal strain from yelling or singing loudly. It can be longer-term or chronic if caused by smoking, drinking alcohol, an allergic reaction or persistent overuse.

• #35 Laryngitis – Diagnosis & treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/laryngitis/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20374267

  Chronic laryngitis treatments are aimed at treating the underlying causes, such as heartburn, smoking or excessive use of alcohol. […] In almost all cases of laryngitis, an antibiotic won’t do any good because the cause is usually viral. But if you have a bacterial infection, your doctor may recommend an antibiotic. […] Sometimes, corticosteroids can help reduce vocal cord inflammation. However, this treatment is used only when there’s an urgent need to treat laryngitis such as in some cases when a toddler has laryngitis associated with croup.

• #36 Pain in the larynx: is it laryngitis? | CURAPROX

  https://curaprox.us/blog/post/laryngeal-pain-laryngitis-or-another-cause?srsltid=AfmBOooWs4Ww10YzebtKigfXKgTWJ6Iw6ohKeBhKr7nPT–TGuOcU5ao

  The main symptom of laryngitis is hoarseness, which can range from a slight croak to complete loss of voice. […] Laryngitis causes pain in the larynx (especially when swallowing), which can be quite severe. […] If hoarseness and pain in the larynx persist for longer than three weeks, you should definitely consult an ENT specialist and have a check-up. […] Can laryngeal pain be a sign of laryngeal cancer? Unfortunately, yes. Therefore, if you have persistent hoarseness or difficulty swallowing, you should see an ENT specialist after three weeks at the latest to have a check-up as a precautionary measure to rule out cancer. […] The first signs of laryngeal cancer hardly differ from those of normal laryngitis. Depending on the area affected, laryngeal cancer can manifest itself as follows: Pain in the larynx when swallowing.

• #37 What Causes You to Lose Your Voice? | Orlando Sinus & Allergy Center

  https://flotogroup.com/what-causes-you-to-lose-your-voice/

  Voice Misuse/Overuse. While speaking is second nature to us and seems really simple to do, it uses a lot of different muscle groups, which can be affected negatively if used improperly. Things like talking for extended periods of time, yelling excessively, speaking loudly in noisy situations, or using a pitch that is too high or too low can result in vocal misuse or overuse. You may also be at risk for developing benign vocal cord lesions. […] Yes, there are 4 serious medical conditions to watch out for that are associated with losing one’s voice. […] Laryngeal Cancer. If you are suffering from chronic hoarseness, it requires an ENT evaluation as it may be due to laryngeal cancer. Risk factors for laryngeal cancer include smoking, alcohol, GERD, or a history of HPV infection. Laryngeal cancer is a very serious condition that requires immediate medical attention. In the early stages, laryngeal cancer is highly curable, so make sure you are listening to your voice for any changes.

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