Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Craniosynostosis – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/craniosynostosis/symptoms-causes/syc-20354513

  Craniosynostosis (kray-nee-o-sin-os-TOE-sis) is a disorder present at birth in which one or more of the fibrous joints between the bones of your baby’s skull (cranial sutures) close prematurely (fuse), before your baby’s brain is fully formed. Brain growth continues, giving the head a misshapen appearance. […] Treating craniosynostosis involves surgery to correct the shape of the head and allow for brain growth. Early diagnosis and treatment allow your baby’s brain adequate space to grow and develop. […] Although neurological damage can occur in severe cases, most children develop as expected in their ability to think and reason (cognitive development) and have good cosmetic results after surgery. Early diagnosis and treatment are key.

• #2 Craniosynostosis (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/craniosynostosis.html

  Craniosynostosis is when one or more seams between bones in a child’s skull close too soon. […] Craniosynostosis that’s not corrected can cause pressure inside the skull (intracranial pressure). If its not treated, the increased intracranial pressure can lead to developmental problems, headaches, brain damage, or blindness. […] Often, a team of doctors works together to find the best treatment for a child with craniosynostosis. […] Babies with craniosynostosis usually need surgery during their first year of life. The main goal of surgery is to protect the developing brain and give it plenty of room to grow. A secondary goal is to provide a more normal head shape. A neurosurgeon and a craniofacial surgeon will work together to remove the fused suture(s) and to remodel and expand the surrounding skull bones.

• #3 Craniosynostosis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544366/

  Craniosynostosis, the premature fusion of one or more cranial sutures, presents a spectrum of challenges ranging from altered skull morphology to potential neurodevelopmental impairment. […] This activity aims to enhance clinical decision-making and improve the long-term developmental and functional prognosis for patients with craniosynostosis. […] The treatment of craniosynostosis involves surgical intervention to unlock the fused sutures, ensuring unrestricted brain development and correcting cosmetic deformities. […] Primary treatment: Craniofacial surgery is the cornerstone of treatment for craniosynostosis. […] Indications for Surgical Treatment include risk of increased intracranial pressure, abnormal skull shape, correction of cosmetic deformity, expanding intracranial volume to allow for sufficient brain growth, and protection of the globes in cases of midface retrusion. […] Surgical intervention is the preferred treatment. The surgical approach typically depends on the child’s age and involves sutures.

• #4 Guideline on Treatment and Management of Craniosynostosis: Patient and Family Version

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9794150/

  Testing can take place in the specialist centre to determine whether and which cranial sutures are fused. […] Genetic diagnosis is done in a craniosynostosis specialist centre as soon as the diagnosis is confirmed and once parents have agreed to it. […] The role of the clinical geneticist within a multidisciplinary craniofacial team is aimed at being able to answer the questions of both the parents and the treating physicians. […] Surgical treatment seems to be assessed based on: The associated risk of ICP, Preventing or limiting associated brain abnormalities, The external abnormality (with both esthetic and psychological consequences) Surgical treatment of sagittal suture, unilateral coronal suture, and unilateral lambdoid suture synostosis is indicated as no spontaneous improvement of the abnormal skull shape is expected.

• #5 Craniosynostosis Symptoms and Treatment | UPMC Children’s Pittsburgh

  https://www.chp.edu/our-services/plastic-surgery/conditions/craniosynostosis

  The Cleft-Craniofacial Center at UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh treats each case individually, based on your child’s specific diagnosis and symptoms. […] Many babies with the condition require surgery to separate the skull where the sutures are supposed to be, giving the brain and skull enough room to grow. […] The treatment approach depends on your child’s age and the which suture is affected. In very mild cases, your doctors may decide to observe your child instead of performing surgery. However, most children with isolated, non-syndromic craniosynostosis will need surgery. […] It’s important to treat a craniosynostosis in the first few years of life. Left untreated, your child could experience increased pressure on the brain which can cause chronic headaches, developmental delay, seizures, and vision problems.

• #6 Craniosynostosis | Boston Children’s Hospital

  https://www.childrenshospital.org/conditions/craniosynostosis

  Craniosynostosis is a condition in which the fibrous connections, between the bones of the skull, called sutures, grow together (fuse) too early during a child’s development. It most commonly affects only one of the sutures, but it can also occur in more than one. This fusion can cause problems with brain and skull growth. In some cases, it can lead to developmental delays and cognitive problems, especially if more than one suture is involved. Some children with craniosynostosis can also develop high pressure inside the skull, called increased intracranial pressure. […] Most, but not all, children with craniosynostosis need surgery to relieve pressure on the brain and correct the shape of the head. In some mild cases, observation might be the best treatment alternative. […] Surgery for craniosynostosis often works best in children under age 1, since the bones are still soft and pliable, making them easier to move. Older babies and children can also have surgery, but it may be more complex. In rare cases, the surgery may need to be repeated over time, as the child grows.

• #7 Craniosynostosis – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/craniosynostosis/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20354517

  Mild cases of craniosynostosis may not need treatment. Your health care provider may recommend a specially molded helmet to help reshape your baby’s head if the cranial sutures are open and the head is misshapen. In this situation, the molded helmet can assist your baby’s brain growth and correct the shape of the skull. […] However, for most babies, surgery is the primary treatment. The type and timing of surgery depends on the type of craniosynostosis and whether there’s an underlying genetic syndrome. Sometimes more than one surgery is required. […] The purpose of surgery is to correct the head shape, reduce or prevent pressure on the brain, create room for the brain to grow properly, and improve your baby’s appearance. This involves a process of planning and surgery. […] Imaging studies can help surgeons develop a surgical procedure plan. Virtual surgical planning for treatment of craniosynostosis uses high-definition 3D CT scans and MRI scans of your baby’s skull to construct a computer-simulated, individualized surgical plan. Based on that virtual surgical plan, customized templates are constructed to guide the procedure.

• #8 Craniosynostosis – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/craniosynostosis/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20354517

  A team that includes a specialist in surgery of the head and face (craniofacial surgeon) and a specialist in brain surgery (neurosurgeon) generally performs the procedure. Surgery can be done by endoscopic or open surgery. Both types of procedures generally produce very good cosmetic results with low risk of complications. […] After minimally invasive surgery, office visits at certain intervals are needed to fit a series of helmets to help shape your baby’s skull. The surgeon will determine the length of helmet therapy based on how quickly the shape responds to treatment. If open surgery is done, usually no helmet is needed afterward.

• #9 Craniosynostosis: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment | Nationwide Children’s Hospital

  https://www.nationwidechildrens.org/conditions/craniosynostosis

  Craniosynostosis is a condition where a babys skull bones join together too early. […] Doctors can fix it with surgery to help the skull grow normally. Early treatment is important to prevent any issues with brain development. […] Treating craniosynostosis usually involves surgery to unlock and bones and reshape the skull. […] Historically, craniosynostosis has been treated using surgical methods that involve an incision from ear to ear and the removal, reshaping, and reattachment of affected bones. […] However, at Nationwide Childrens, advances in technology are allowing us to conduct more of these procedures in a minimally invasive manner. […] With traditional surgery, the procedure lasts approximately four hours and is performed with a craniofacial plastic surgeon. […] This procedure is performed around the age of six months.

• #10 Craniosynostosis: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment | Nationwide Children’s Hospital

  https://www.nationwidechildrens.org/conditions/craniosynostosis

  This involves one or two small incisions and the removal of only the closed suture to unlock the bones. […] Minimally invasive surgery produces the most successful outcomes when performed on children before the age of six months. […] The cranial molding helmet has a hard outer shell with moldable foam on the inside. […] Stainless steel cranial expander springs are implanted after the closed suture is opened. […] In very rare cases, when most or all of the sutures are closed, cranial distraction can be used to create more space inside of the skull. […] Our pediatric neurosurgeons are trained in treating children with craniosynostosis using some of the most advanced surgical techniques and equipment. […] Whether performing a traditional surgery or a minimally invasive procedure, our goal is to correct the shape of a childs head and allow normal brain growth, all to deliver the best outcome for every child.

• #11 Craniosynostosis Diagnosis and Treatment | OHSU

  https://www.ohsu.edu/doernbecher/craniosynostosis-diagnosis-and-treatment

  Early diagnosis and treatment of craniosynostosis is vital to help your child meet developmental milestones. The most common treatment is surgery to modify the shape of the head and allow for brain growth. We offer: […] If your child is diagnosed with craniosynostosis in the first few weeks of life, OHSU offers several surgery options to reshape the skull. We will work with you to create the right plan for your baby, based on the type and severity of their condition. […] Minimally invasive endoscopic surgery: We use this surgery for single-suture craniosynostosis in children less than 3 or 4 months old. Our surgeon uses a fiber-optic tool and tiny incisions to operate on the skull. After surgery, your baby will likely use a helmet for up to 12 months to help their head keep its new shape.

• #12 Craniosynostosis minimally invasive treatment | Children’s Hospital of Richmond at VCU

  https://www.chrichmond.org/services/neurosciences/programs-and-clinics/craniosynostosis-minimally-invasive-treatment/

  Craniosynostosis treatment option: Minimally invasive treatment There are minimally invasive surgery options for many conditions, including craniosynostosis. This minimally invasive or endoscopic procedure removes the involved fused suture through one or two smaller incisions using an endoscope, microscope or high magnification Loupes. No reshaping is done in surgery. A helmet is measured about three to four days after surgery and is used in the period following the procedure to contour the head shape. This option has been available for more than 20 years as an alternative to the traditional or open procedure, with benefits including a smaller incision, less blood loss, less discomfort and swelling and a much shorter hospital stay. The cosmetic outcomes are excellent.

• #13 Craniosynostosis

  https://www.rwjbh.org/treatment-care/neuroscience/neurosurgery/conditions-treated/craniosynostosis/

  Depending on the degree of deformity, a child may or may not need surgery to correct their craniosynostosis. Many infants, however, will require surgery within the first year of life to relieve brain pressure, correct the misshapen appearance, and allow for proper brain growth. Most pediatric neurosurgeons recommend waiting until the child is between 4 to 8 months old to operate, as there is a lower risk at that age. About 10 to 20% of patients who have had one operation will need further operations to correct small, remaining facial and head deformities. […] Surgical treatment options for craniosynostosis include: […] Endoscopic surgery: This minimally-invasive surgery involves making small scalp incisions and using a lighted tube and camera, called an endoscope, to access the affected suture(s). This is the preferred method for babies up to 6 months of age, as it only requires a one-night hospital stay and, usually, there is no need for a blood transfusion. After endoscopic surgery, the baby is required to wear a series of fitted helmets to help shape the skull.

• #14 Craniosynostosis Program | Children’s Hospital Los Angeles

  https://www.chla.org/neurological-institute/programs-and-services/craniosynostosis-program

  Craniosynostosis Treatment […] Childrens Hospital offers the full range of craniosynostosis therapies, including: […] Craniosynostosis Surgery […] Babies with moderate to severe craniosynostosis often need surgery early in life. Surgery reshapes the head, providing room for the brain to grow normally. […] Craniosynostosis surgery also helps your baby by: […] Decreasing the risk of high intracranial pressure […] Enhancing head shape and appearance […] Lowering the risk of developmental delays due to problems with brain growth […] Endoscopic Synostosis Surgery […] The endoscopic approach for synostosis surgery is most commonly done for sagittal synostosis on babies less than three months of age. It involves two small incisions on the head instead of larger ones. We pass tiny instruments and a camera through the incisions to carry out the procedure.

• #15 Craniosynostosis Program | Children’s Hospital Los Angeles

  https://www.chla.org/neurological-institute/programs-and-services/craniosynostosis-program

  Benefits include: […] Faster recovery […] Less scarring […] Low complication rates […] Helmet Therapy […] Babies with positional plagiocephaly (a cranial deformity that is not treated surgically) typically benefit from helmet therapy It involves wearing a special helmet that gently reshapes the skull. […] For the best results, we recommend helmet therapy during periods of brain growth and development. These growth periods typically occur during infancy and end before a child is two years old. We perform a detailed assessment to determine whether helmet therapy is right for your child. […] Expert Craniosynostosis Treatment […] Our craniosynostosis treatment team includes pediatric neurosurgeons, craniofacial plastic surgeons, ophthalmologists, geneticists and pediatricians with special training in children with congenital conditions. Having so many specialists in one program helps your child receive comprehensive, timely care. We also have a psychologist who provides developmental assessments to ensure that your child continues developing on a healthy path.

• #16 Pediatric Craniosynostosis – Conditions and Treatments | Children’s National Hospital

  https://www.childrensnational.org/get-care/health-library/craniosynostosis

  Treatment goals focus on relieving pressure inside the head, ensuring enough room for the brain to grow and correcting skull and facial deformities. At Childrens National, we may recommend one or more of the following treatment options: […] Surgery is typically the recommended treatment. The goal of treatment is to reduce the pressure in the head and correct the deformities of the face and skull bones. Less commonly, surgery is needed to decrease pressure within the skull. […] The optimal time to perform surgery is before the child is 1 year of age since the bones are still very soft, have not fused at other sutures, and are easy to work with. […] The healthcare team educates the family after surgery on how to best care for their child at home, and outlines specific problems that require immediate medical attention. […] The key to treating craniosynostosis is early detection and treatment.

• #17 Guideline on Treatment and Management of Craniosynostosis: Patient and Family Version

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9794150/

  Minimally invasive surgery is associated with less blood loss, fewer blood transfusions, shorter surgery duration and admission time, and a similar esthetic result in both sagittal sutures, metopic suture, unicoronal suture, and unilambdoid suture synostosis compared with classic open skull surgery. […] Surgery for isolated nonsyndromic craniosynostosis is done within the first year of life. […] Early referral to the specialist centre (well before the age of 6 mo) ensures the minimally invasive surgical option is possible. […] Operate on children with syndromic craniosynostosis or multisuture craniosynostosis. […] Patients should be screened regularly for ICP if it was decided to wait to operate. […] The treatment of ICP depends on the causative factors and treatment should be adapted accordingly.

• #18 Craniosynostosis Diagnosis and Treatment | OHSU

  https://www.ohsu.edu/doernbecher/craniosynostosis-diagnosis-and-treatment

  Cranial vault remodeling (CVR): We use this surgery in children 6 to 12 months old. This is a traditional or open surgery. We remove the affected suture and rebuild the skull to allow the brain to grow. Most children will not use a helmet after this surgery. […] Cranial vault distraction osteogenesis (CVDO): We may recommend this surgery for children with more than one suture affected by craniosynostosis. This is a traditional or open surgery. We carefully separate the skull bones and place devices to slowly stretch the bone and skin. This allows the brain to grow. […] After endoscopic surgery and cranial vault remodeling, your child will need a series of helmets to continue shaping their skull. […] In most cases, children with craniosynostosis do not need follow-up surgery. After your child’s surgery you will meet with your child’s brain surgeon, plastic surgeon, and pediatric nurse practitioner for follow-up care. Our team will also conduct tests to check how your child’s brain functions. […] OHSU’s complete care for craniofacial disorders includes emotional support for your family. Our team has a pediatric psychologist from OHSU’s Child Development Rehabilitation Center who will work with your family and connect you to community resources.

• #19 Craniosynostosis Surgery | Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia

  https://www.chop.edu/treatments/surgical-treatment-craniosynostosis

  This procedure offers eye protection by expanding the anterior skull to create room for brain growth, as well as reshapes the upper eye socket and forehead. […] Cranial vault remodeling, commonly called cranial vault reconstruction, involves the reshaping of cranial bones in a single stage surgery. […] After the bone is removed, the bone is reshaped and expanded. […] Posterior cranial vault distraction is a surgical procedure that expands the back of the skull by gradually stretching the bone and skin to expand the intracranial space and create new bone. […] This surgery is often used for correction of syndromic craniosynostosis given its ability to improve the shape and provide greater volume of expansion. […] Final facial contouring may be needed to enhance the visual appearance and correct any remaining irregularities of the facial skeleton.

• #20 Craniosynostosis Treatments | San Antonio | University Health

  https://www.universityhealth.com/pediatrics/services/cleft-and-craniofacial-center/craniosynostosis/treatments

  Treatment for craniosynostosis usually involves minimally invasive or open surgery to: […] – Correct craniosynostosis […] – Relieve pressure on the brain […] – Allow the brain and skull to grow properly […] Count on our skilled surgical team to keep your infant or child comfortable and safe before, during and after surgery. […] Your surgeon may recommend open surgery depending on your childs condition and age. […] Your surgeon will remove and precisely reshape fused skull bones in one surgery to allow your childs brain to grow and develop a more natural skull shape. […] No helmet therapy is needed afterward. Your baby will recover in the hospital for three to five days. […] This surgery removes skull bone and orbital bone to create room inside the skull for brain growth. It also reshapes the bones above the eyes and behind the forehead.

• #21 Treatments and Services | Craniosynostosis and Cranial Reconstruction Center

  https://www.cincinnatichildrens.org/service/c/craniosynostosis/treatments-services

  Cranial springs surgery combines a strip craniectomy procedure with the placement of stainless-steel springs. This procedure is also called spring-mediated cranioplasty. […] If your child needs open surgery, well use our virtual surgical planning (VSP) technology before their surgery and while in the operating room. […] The type of craniosynostosis surgery we choose for your child will depend on the specific diagnosis and can include: […] This procedure reshapes and expands skull bones. […] This surgery repairs skull anomalies or holes. […] We use this surgery to help expand part of the skull. […] This procedure reshapes the skull bone around the forehead. […] After surgery, your child may spend some time in the intensive care unit (ICU). […] Most children who undergo open surgery will return for a three-month check-up.

• #22 Craniosynostosis – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/craniosynostosis/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20354517

  A team that includes a specialist in surgery of the head and face (craniofacial surgeon) and a specialist in brain surgery (neurosurgeon) generally performs the procedure. Surgery can be done by endoscopic or open surgery. Both types of procedures generally produce very good cosmetic results with low risk of complications. […] After minimally invasive surgery, office visits at certain intervals are needed to fit a series of helmets to help shape your baby’s skull. The surgeon will determine the length of helmet therapy based on how quickly the shape responds to treatment. If open surgery is done, usually no helmet is needed afterward.

• #23 Craniosynostosis Surgery | Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia

  https://www.chop.edu/treatments/surgical-treatment-craniosynostosis

  Surgical management for craniosynostosis is based on the suture(s) involved, the age of the child, and the individual needs for each patient. […] The most commonly recommended options for treatment are the following: […] A strip craniectomy is typically performed in conjunction with a pediatric neurosurgeon. […] Additional surgeries including vault expansion and reshaping procedures will be scheduled according to your child’s recovery and response to this preliminary procedure. […] Cranial molding helmet therapy may be used before surgery to limit the head shape progression associated with sagittal synostosis. Helmet therapy may also be used after spring removal to further redirect the skull growth to a more typical pattern. […] Fronto-orbital advancement may be used in the correction of metopic, coronal, or multi-suture craniosynostosis.

• #24 Treatments and Services | Craniosynostosis and Cranial Reconstruction Center

  https://www.cincinnatichildrens.org/service/c/craniosynostosis/treatments-services

  Cranial springs surgery combines a strip craniectomy procedure with the placement of stainless-steel springs. This procedure is also called spring-mediated cranioplasty. […] If your child needs open surgery, well use our virtual surgical planning (VSP) technology before their surgery and while in the operating room. […] The type of craniosynostosis surgery we choose for your child will depend on the specific diagnosis and can include: […] This procedure reshapes and expands skull bones. […] This surgery repairs skull anomalies or holes. […] We use this surgery to help expand part of the skull. […] This procedure reshapes the skull bone around the forehead. […] After surgery, your child may spend some time in the intensive care unit (ICU). […] Most children who undergo open surgery will return for a three-month check-up.

• #25 Craniosynostosis | University of Iowa Health Care Stead Family Children’s Hospital

  https://uihc.org/childrens/services/craniosynostosis

  During a procedure called endoscopic strip craniectomy, we can repair fused sutures with only a few small incisions in the scalp. […] Your baby will probably need to wear a special helmet for several months after endoscopic surgery. This helmet will also help the skull achieve a natural shape as it grows. […] In many cases, an open surgical procedure called cranial vault reconstruction is the most effective treatment option. […] Some babies, especially those with genetic syndromes, may need additional surgery later in life. […] Cranial vault reconstruction is an option for many patients, including children of any age including newborns who have several fused sutures. […] When you choose UI Health Care, your child will receive care from a team of experts in multiple specialties. […] If your child needs help reaching developmental milestones, we also offer pediatric psychology, rehabilitation, and other support services.

• #26 Your Baby’s Craniosynostosis Assessment and Treatment Plan

  https://www.technologyinmotion.com/craniosynostosis/craniosynostosis-treatment-plan

  Craniosynostosis is a condition in which one or more of the sutures in an infant’s skull fuse prematurely. This fusion restricts the normal growth of the skull, resulting in an abnormal head shape and, in some cases, potential complications for brain development. […] The treatment for craniosynostosis typically involves surgery to correct the abnormal skull shape and allow for normal brain growth. The specific surgical procedure depends on the type and severity of the craniosynostosis. […] If your baby is under 6 months of age, then your surgeon might recommend minimally invasive endoscopic surgery to release the fused sutures or, in more complex cases, surgery to remove and reposition sections of the skull. […] Following minimally invasive surgery, a craniosynostosis helmet is essential for allowing the head to recover and grow back to a regular shape as without it the head could remain in the deformed shape.

• #27 Your Baby’s Craniosynostosis Assessment and Treatment Plan

  https://www.technologyinmotion.com/craniosynostosis/craniosynostosis-treatment-plan

  If your surgeon proceeds with surgery for craniosynostosis, then they may refer you back to us for post-surgery helmet therapy. […] If your child has had craniosynostosis surgery and is ready to proceed to their post-surgery orthotic helmet, the next step is to take a scan. […] Your baby should wear their treatment helmet for 23 hours a day. […] The exact duration of treatment varies, but your clinician will be able to advise how long your child will need to keep wearing their helmet. Treatment duration is usually between 10 and 14 months and up to 3 helmets might be used to complete treatment. […] Our all-inclusive treatment plan includes assessment, 3D scans, custom helmet design, fitting, and ongoing support.

• #28 Craniosynostosis Treatments | San Antonio | University Health

  https://www.universityhealth.com/pediatrics/services/cleft-and-craniofacial-center/craniosynostosis/treatments

  At your childs first appointment after surgery, we will fit your infant with a STARband cranial remolding orthotic helmet. This treatment is also called cranial orthosis. The cushioned, easy-to-put-on helmet will: […] – Guide and promote growth to specific areas of the skull by applying gentle pressure […] – Prevent further head flattening when your infant’s head is tilted or resting on a flat surface […] – Stop growth in prominent areas […] Craniosynostosis helmet therapy can last up to one year. Your babys treatment time will depend on their age and the severity of the condition. […] Rely on our team to carefully monitor your childs treatment and document changes in the head shape. There will be helmet fit adjustments during therapy to allow the brain and head to grow. […] The custom cranial helmet is a Class II device regulated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), which requires stringent quality, safety and labeling information. These highly specialized cranial helmets require clinical expertise to achieve your baby’s best and safest outcomes.

• #29 Jacob’s helmet therapy success after craniosynostosis surgery

  https://www.londonorthotics.co.uk/patient-story/jacobs-helmet-therapy-success-after-craniosynostosis-surgery/

  Jacob has not had an easy start to his young life. […] The conventional treatment for craniosynostosis has been open cranial surgery to correct the shape of the head and allow for normal brain growth. GOSH is pioneering a new approach the removal of the fused suture by endoscopic strip craniectomy as an alternative, less intrusive option than the traditional cranial surgery. […] Since Jacob was treated, LOC has improved its treatment protocol as we have found that in the majority of cases, there is no need for the initial Cranioband that Jacob had to wear. We have developed the fully enclosed, 3D-printed Cranio Lite helmet. This new bespoke cranial helmet both protects and corrects the babys head shape after surgery as healing continues and the baby undergoes its growth spurt, as in the case for LOCband treatment for positional plagiocephaly.

• #30 Jacob’s helmet therapy success after craniosynostosis surgery

  https://www.londonorthotics.co.uk/patient-story/jacobs-helmet-therapy-success-after-craniosynostosis-surgery/

  The LOCband is non-invasive and works by applying gentle, constant pressure over the areas of the babys skull that are most prominent while allowing unrestricted growth over the flattened areas. […] The optimum age for treatment is between four and seven months. […] Yes All babies that have completed their course of treatment with us have achieved a measurable improvement in head shape. […] This is very much dependent on how fast your baby is growing. […] Backed by clinical research, our cranial remoulding helmet offers excellent results and a pain-free, non-invasive solution to correct your babys head shape.

• #31 Pediatric Craniosynostosis Treatment & Management: Medical Care, Surgical Care, Consultations

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1175957-treatment

  Currently, surgery is indicated for cranial deformity correction for infants with fusion of 12 sutures that results in a misshapen head. For infants with microcephaly (ie, secondary craniosynostosis), surgery usually is not required. In those patients, investigate the cause of microcephaly. […] Surgery for craniosynostosis is typically indicated for increased intracranial pressure and/or for correction of the cranial deformity, and is usually performed in the first year of life. […] Minimally invasive surgery is preferred for babies with craniosynostosis up to age 6 months. Open surgery is done for babies older than 6 months. […] If the shape of the head does not improve by age 2 months, then the abnormality is unlikely to resolve with age. Early referral is helpful if children can be considered for minimally invasive surgery.

• #32 Pediatric Craniosynostosis Treatment & Management: Medical Care, Surgical Care, Consultations

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1175957-treatment

  Surgery to correct the cranial or craniofacial deformity is performed in infants aged 3-6 months in the author’s practice, although a variety of approaches exist among different surgeons. […] Surgery in younger infants may result in a relatively large loss of blood volume. Accordingly, minimally invasive surgical techniques should be considered. […] Results are best when surgery is performed in infants younger than 6 months. […] Patients with associated facial deformities may need a staged surgical approach (performed by a team of multidisciplinary specialists). […] No surgery is indicated for posterior plagiocephaly secondary to positional molding. […] The vast majority of infants improve with repositioning maneuvers and physical therapy for torticollis. […] Infants with a defined syndrome causing craniosynostosis should be evaluated early for surgery.

• #33 Craniosynostosis – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Craniosynostosis

  The prevention of post-surgical complications, including those mentioned above, plays an important role in discussions over the timing of potential surgery. The general consensus is to perform surgery in late infancy, i.e. between six and twelve months. Within this time frame the efficacy of surgery will be enhanced for several reasons: […] Most surgeons will not intervene until after the age of six months due to the heightened risk which blood loss poses before this age. It is generally preferable to wait until after three months of age when anaesthetic risks will also be decreased. […] It is important that families seek out a Pediatric Craniofacial Physician who has experience with craniosynostosis for proper diagnosis, surgical care, and followup.

• #34 Craniosynostosis Surgery: Procedure, Recovery, and Survival

  https://www.healthline.com/health/craniosynostosis-surgery

  Surgical repair of craniosynostosis typically occurs during infancy. The procedure has a high success rate with a very low risk of long-term side effects. Most babies go on to live typical, healthy lives. […] Doctors usually perform craniosynostosis surgery within the first year of life, when your baby’s brain and skull are growing most rapidly. This is a critical period for your baby’s learning and development. […] Craniosynostosis repair allows for healthy brain and skull growth after surgery, along with improved appearance of the skull and facial bones. It reduces the risk of serious complications from severe craniosynostosis. […] Although each diagnosis is different, surgery is usually successful, and many babies go on to live typical, healthy lives. […] The survival rate after craniosynostosis surgery exceeds 99%.

• #35 Craniosynostosis Surgery: Procedure, Recovery, and Survival

  https://www.healthline.com/health/craniosynostosis-surgery

  After initial surgery, some children may need multiple surgical procedures and continual postoperative helmeting for a period of time to help encourage healthy skull growth. […] Early surgery maximizes healthy postoperative brain and skull growth during the period when your child is growing and learning most rapidly. Expert craniofacial surgery teams can treat most types of craniosynostosis using either endoscopic surgery or open cranial vault remodeling. […] With treatment advances, many children born with craniosynostosis can now go on to lead healthy lives.

• #36 Craniosynostosis

  https://www.rwjbh.org/treatment-care/neuroscience/neurosurgery/conditions-treated/craniosynostosis/

  Open surgery: Babies over 6 months of age usually have open surgery. The pediatric neurosurgeon carefully makes an incision through the scalp and cranial bones to reshape the affected part(s) of the skull. The skull position is then held in place by absorbable plates and screws. Typically, infants must stay at the hospital for 3-4 days and require a blood transfusion. In complex cases, babies may need multiple open surgeries to correct the head shape. No helmet is necessary after this surgery. […] After surgery, the infant is usually transferred to the intensive care unit (ICU) for close monitoring. The face and eyelids may be swollen after the operation, which is normal. Complications after surgery may include fever, vomiting, irritability, swelling along the incision areas, and fatigue. […] During recovery, and for the rest of the baby’s life, it’s important to have frequent, ongoing medical evaluations to ensure the proper development of the skull, facial bones, and brain.

• #37 Craniosynostosis repair – discharge : MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000067.htm

  Craniosynostosis repair is surgery to correct a problem that causes the bones of a child’s skull to grow together (fuse) too early. […] Your child’s surgeon may prescribe a special helmet to be worn, starting at some point after the surgery. This helmet has to be worn to help further correct the shape of your child’s head or to prevent unwanted recurrence or changes after surgery. […] Swelling from the surgery should go away in about 3 weeks. […] Contact your child’s surgeon if your child: […] Also contact the surgeon if the surgery wound:

• #38 Craniosynostosis | Children’s Hospital Colorado

  https://www.childrenscolorado.org/conditions-and-advice/conditions-and-symptoms/conditions/craniosynostosis/

  Craniosynostosis treatment depends on many factors including the type and severity of the condition. […] Surgery is common for craniosynostosis treatment. The goals of surgery are to produce a more typical head shape and provide room for the brain to grow and develop. […] Our team of doctors, nurses and surgeons will talk with you and your family about the entire process if they recommend surgery. […] Your child’s surgeon may recommend minimally invasive endoscopic surgery if your baby is between 2 months and 4 months of age and has only one closed suture. […] Open surgery is the traditional surgical method for treating craniosynostosis. […] After most children leave the hospital, they only need over-the-counter pain medicine for several days. […] You and your baby will return to the Craniofacial Program several times during the first year after surgery for checkups, then usually once a year for the next several years.

• #39 Surgery for Craniosynostosis | Neurological Surgery

  https://neurosurgery.weillcornell.org/condition/craniosynostosis/surgery-craniosynostosis

  Open surgical corrections include cranial vault remodeling, fronto-orbital advancement, and vertex craniectomy, which are safe and produce excellent results. In these surgeries, a neurosurgeon removes the affected or closed suture as well as the bones that have become misshapen over time as a result of the fusion, and then a plastic surgeon remodels the skull. The surgery usually takes between two and six hours and requires three days in the hospital, depending on the age of the child and which suture is involved. Some children need blood transfusions during the surgery. No helmet therapy is needed after open surgical correction. […] Endoscopic-assisted strip craniectomy (also called endoscopic assisted suturectomy) is a minimally invasive approach to craniosynostosis surgery. As in the open approach, a neurosurgeon removes the closed suture but unlike the open approach, the endoscopic procedure does not include cranial remodeling. This minimally invasive procedure is typically performed on infants younger than four months of age, since it depends on rapid brain growth to help reposition the cranial bones. Endoscopic assisted suturectomy usually takes an hour in the operating room and requires a shorter hospital stay. After endoscopic surgery for craniosynostosis, the child will wear a cranial remodeling helmet to help reshape the skull. […] With all corrective forms of treatment, brain function and development are expected to be normal and there are no special precautions or significant limitations on activities.

• #40 Craniosynostosis | Types & Treatment Options | Riley Children’s Health

  https://www.rileychildrens.org/health-info/craniosynostosis

  Surgery is the typical treatment to separate the baby’s skull bones. Craniosynostosis surgery relieves pressure in your child’s skull, allowing it to expand and grow normally. Doctors typically perform reconstructive surgery before a baby turns one. Your child’s care will involve a team of physicians, including neurosurgeons, plastic surgeons, geneticists, ophthalmologists and pulmonologists. […] Riley Children’s Health is the only place in Indiana that offers a comprehensive program with all options for treating craniosynostosis. This includes open surgery and endoscopic surgery. The program works closely with craniofacial surgery, ophthalmology and genetics. […] After surgery, your child will continue checkups to monitor the growth of their skull and provide additional treatments as necessary. Sometimes, your child’s care team will follow your child’s care into their teen years to monitor for any cognitive or speech delays and help your child navigate any difficulties in school.

• #41 Treatments and Services | Craniosynostosis and Cranial Reconstruction Center

  https://www.cincinnatichildrens.org/service/c/craniosynostosis/treatments-services

  If your child underwent minimally invasive surgery and needs a helmet, well meet with you every three months until your child no longer needs the helmet. […] Our team will share all treatment details with your pediatrician or referring doctor. This process will help make sure you receive seamless care throughout your childs development.

• #42 Craniosynostosis: Causes, Types, Treatment

  https://www.gillettechildrens.org/conditions-care/craniosynostosis

  If your child has surgery, a craniofacial surgeon and neurosurgeon work together to correct abnormal head shape and give the brain enough room in the skull to grow. In rare cases, your child might need a cranial remodeling orthosis, such as a Gillette CranioCap orthosis, to complete the correction. […] Your child might also need therapy services to: Improve neck strength and movement, Help with feeding, swallowing, or speech, Uncover any other developmental delays. […] If your child has craniosynostosis, our multidisciplinary team of experts will create a treatment plan that fits your unique needs. We provide services throughout the diagnosis and treatment process that might include: Audiology, Chaplaincy, Child life, Dentistry and orthodontics, Ear, nose, and throat (ENT or otolaryngology), Medical genetics and genetic counseling, Occupational therapy, Physical therapy, Psychology, Radiology and imaging, Social work, Speech and language therapy. […] Through advanced surgical techniques and treatment options such as craniosynostosis repair surgery, we help your child feel their best.

• #43 Guideline on Treatment and Management of Craniosynostosis: Patient and Family Version

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9794150/

  The treatment being used is adapted per patient, and depends on the MRI results, among other things. […] In children with syndromic craniosynostosis suspected of having OSA, refer to a specialized centre for diagnostic sleep screening. […] Screen children with syndromic craniosynostosis annually with a diagnostic sleep test until at least the age of 6 years. […] Conduct regular speech therapy examinations on speech and language development from the moment the child is first referred to the craniosynostosis specialist team. […] A long-term treatment plan is drawn up at the first contact, at the age of 4 years.

• #44 Craniosynostosis: Diagnosis & Treatment | Cardinal Glennon

  https://www.ssmhealth.com/cardinal-glennon/services/pediatric-plastic-reconstructive-surgery/craniosynostosis

  Depending on the suture involved, the head can be flattened and wide or elongated and narrow. […] True craniosynostosis (bony fusion) requires surgical correction by a craniofacial team. […] If you suspect your child has one of these conditions, our team can help create an individualized treatment plan to best meet your childs needs.

• #45 Craniosynostosis: Causes, Types, Treatment

  https://www.gillettechildrens.org/conditions-care/craniosynostosis

  Craniosynostosis is often just one of many craniofacial and developmental concerns related to another condition. Consultation with medical geneticists and genetic counselors can help determine if your child has a related condition. […] In some cases, craniosynostosis can be diagnosed before your baby is born. Our craniofacial and plastic surgeons offer prenatal consultations. During a prenatal consultation, we teach you about current treatment options, provide counseling, and help plan a course of craniosynostosis treatment. […] Except in very mild cases, babies born with craniosynostosis need surgery to repair craniosynostosis at 4 to 8 months. The craniosynostosis surgery is called cranial vault remodeling. Usually, one surgery is enough to separate the joints (sutures), reshape the bones, and place them in the proper position. However, about 10 percent of children need a second surgery.

• #46 Craniosynostosis: Causes, Types, Treatment

  https://www.gillettechildrens.org/conditions-care/craniosynostosis

  If your child has surgery, a craniofacial surgeon and neurosurgeon work together to correct abnormal head shape and give the brain enough room in the skull to grow. In rare cases, your child might need a cranial remodeling orthosis, such as a Gillette CranioCap orthosis, to complete the correction. […] Your child might also need therapy services to: Improve neck strength and movement, Help with feeding, swallowing, or speech, Uncover any other developmental delays. […] If your child has craniosynostosis, our multidisciplinary team of experts will create a treatment plan that fits your unique needs. We provide services throughout the diagnosis and treatment process that might include: Audiology, Chaplaincy, Child life, Dentistry and orthodontics, Ear, nose, and throat (ENT or otolaryngology), Medical genetics and genetic counseling, Occupational therapy, Physical therapy, Psychology, Radiology and imaging, Social work, Speech and language therapy. […] Through advanced surgical techniques and treatment options such as craniosynostosis repair surgery, we help your child feel their best.

• #47 Craniosynostosis | University of Iowa Health Care Stead Family Children’s Hospital

  https://uihc.org/childrens/services/craniosynostosis

  During a procedure called endoscopic strip craniectomy, we can repair fused sutures with only a few small incisions in the scalp. […] Your baby will probably need to wear a special helmet for several months after endoscopic surgery. This helmet will also help the skull achieve a natural shape as it grows. […] In many cases, an open surgical procedure called cranial vault reconstruction is the most effective treatment option. […] Some babies, especially those with genetic syndromes, may need additional surgery later in life. […] Cranial vault reconstruction is an option for many patients, including children of any age including newborns who have several fused sutures. […] When you choose UI Health Care, your child will receive care from a team of experts in multiple specialties. […] If your child needs help reaching developmental milestones, we also offer pediatric psychology, rehabilitation, and other support services.

• #48 Physical & Occupational Therapy for Children with CraniosynostosisVisit our FacebookVisit our TwitterVisit our YouTube channelth-listclosechevron-downphonelinkedinfacebookpinterestyoutubersstwitterinstagramfacebook-blankrss-blanklinkedin-blankpinterestyou

  https://njcraniofacialcenter.com/news/articles/physical-and-occupational-therapy-support-children-with-craniosynostosis/

  Craniosynostosis is a condition where an infant’s cranial sutures prematurely fuse, affecting brain growth and skull shape. Physical and occupational therapies play pivotal roles in treating this condition. While physical therapy targets motor skills and strength, occupational therapy emphasizes daily functional activities. Together, they aim to help children achieve developmental milestones and enhance their life quality. […] Most treatments necessitate surgical interventions to correct fused sutures and ensure correct skull growth. Alongside surgery, physical and occupational therapies are crucial. Physical therapy addresses motor development, tackling muscle imbalances from the condition. Occupational therapy enhances daily skills like feeding and motor abilities impacted by craniosynostosis. A holistic approach, including both therapies, is essential to ensure the best developmental outcomes for affected children.

• #49 Physical & Occupational Therapy for Children with CraniosynostosisVisit our FacebookVisit our TwitterVisit our YouTube channelth-listclosechevron-downphonelinkedinfacebookpinterestyoutubersstwitterinstagramfacebook-blankrss-blanklinkedin-blankpinterestyou

  https://njcraniofacialcenter.com/news/articles/physical-and-occupational-therapy-support-children-with-craniosynostosis/

  Physical therapy offers a specialized approach to treating individuals with craniosynostosis, targeting motor impairments due to abnormal head shapes or limited mobility. The primary focus is to enhance a child’s range of motion, muscle strength, and overall motor function. […] Parents are also integrated into the therapy process. Physical therapists educate them on ways to aid their child’s developmental progress at home, which might include proper positioning techniques and strategies to encourage motor skills. In the bigger picture, physical therapy stands as a cornerstone in the holistic treatment of children with craniosynostosis, ensuring their optimal physical growth and functional outcomes. […] Occupational therapy provides comprehensive care for individuals with craniosynostosis by focusing on functional and cognitive development. Therapists create personalized treatment plans targeting specific challenges, including fine motor skills essential for tasks like writing and object manipulation.

• #50 Physical & Occupational Therapy for Children with CraniosynostosisVisit our FacebookVisit our TwitterVisit our YouTube channelth-listclosechevron-downphonelinkedinfacebookpinterestyoutubersstwitterinstagramfacebook-blankrss-blanklinkedin-blankpinterestyou

  https://njcraniofacialcenter.com/news/articles/physical-and-occupational-therapy-support-children-with-craniosynostosis/

  Overall, occupational therapy optimizes functional outcomes, ensuring individuals with craniosynostosis can actively and independently engage in daily activities. […] Physical and occupational therapy collaborate closely to offer comprehensive care for individuals with craniosynostosis. […] By jointly addressing the physical and functional challenges of craniosynostosis, these therapies foster optimal outcomes and greater independence in daily life activities, encapsulating a holistic approach to care. […] Parental involvement enhances the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions for craniosynostosis. […] The NJ Craniofacial Center spearheads innovations in craniosynostosis therapy, emphasizing research and advancement to enhance patient outcomes. The integration of technology, particularly Virtual Reality (VR), into therapy has been transformative. […] Ultimately, through collaborative expertise providing the full range of treatment and the use of modern technology the NJ Craniofacial Center aspires to elevate therapeutic outcomes for children with craniosynostosis.

• #51 Craniosynostosis: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Types

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/6000-craniosynostosis

  Craniosynostosis treatment varies depending on the type, severity and symptoms that affect your child. These may include: […] Surgery can reshape your childs skull, relieve increased intracranial pressure and allow your babys brain room to grow and develop. A surgeon will determine the type and timing of the surgery depending on the severity of the condition. Your baby might need surgery within their first year. […] Babies with mild craniosynostosis may wear a special medical helmet. This helmet gently reshapes their skull over time. […] Your child may need other supportive therapies, such as physical, occupational and speech therapies, to help them reach developmental milestones for their age. […] Most children who receive a timely diagnosis and undergo treatment have a good prognosis. Treatment within your babys first year minimizes developmental problems. […] With timely treatment, most children with craniosynostosis grow and develop in a healthy way.

• #52 Craniosynostosis: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment | Nationwide Children’s Hospital

  https://www.nationwidechildrens.org/conditions/craniosynostosis

  This involves one or two small incisions and the removal of only the closed suture to unlock the bones. […] Minimally invasive surgery produces the most successful outcomes when performed on children before the age of six months. […] The cranial molding helmet has a hard outer shell with moldable foam on the inside. […] Stainless steel cranial expander springs are implanted after the closed suture is opened. […] In very rare cases, when most or all of the sutures are closed, cranial distraction can be used to create more space inside of the skull. […] Our pediatric neurosurgeons are trained in treating children with craniosynostosis using some of the most advanced surgical techniques and equipment. […] Whether performing a traditional surgery or a minimally invasive procedure, our goal is to correct the shape of a childs head and allow normal brain growth, all to deliver the best outcome for every child.

• #53 Craniosynostosis | Birth Defects | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/birth-defects/about/craniosynostosis.html

  Many types of craniosynostosis require surgery. The surgical procedure is meant to relieve pressure on the brain to allow it to grow properly. It is usually performed during the first year of life. […] Babies with very mild craniosynostosis might not need surgery. Special medical helmets can be used to help mold the baby’s skull. As the baby gets older and grows hair, the shape of the skull can become less noticeable. […] A baby with craniosynostosis will need to see a doctor regularly to check that the brain and skull are developing properly.

• #54 Craniosynostosis: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Types

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/6000-craniosynostosis

  Craniosynostosis treatment varies depending on the type, severity and symptoms that affect your child. These may include: […] Surgery can reshape your childs skull, relieve increased intracranial pressure and allow your babys brain room to grow and develop. A surgeon will determine the type and timing of the surgery depending on the severity of the condition. Your baby might need surgery within their first year. […] Babies with mild craniosynostosis may wear a special medical helmet. This helmet gently reshapes their skull over time. […] Your child may need other supportive therapies, such as physical, occupational and speech therapies, to help them reach developmental milestones for their age. […] Most children who receive a timely diagnosis and undergo treatment have a good prognosis. Treatment within your babys first year minimizes developmental problems. […] With timely treatment, most children with craniosynostosis grow and develop in a healthy way.

• #55 Syndromic Craniosynostosis | Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia

  https://www.chop.edu/conditions-diseases/syndromic-craniosynostosis

  The treatment approach is dependent on the associated anomalies. For example, patients with Apert, Crouzon and Pfeiffer syndromes are treated with similar procedures, such as midface surgery to correct the underdeveloped structures of the midface. […] The treatment of syndromic craniosynostosis is dependent upon both functional and appearance-related needs, and should be addressed immediately after your child is born at a medical center that includes the pediatric specialists across the many clinical areas your child may need. […] Because every patient with syndromic craniosynostosis has unique problems, the timing and course of surgical treatment is highly individualized. It is important to see a surgeon with expertise in pediatric plastic, reconstructive and oral surgery who specializes in treating these rare conditions.

• #56 Syndromic Craniosynostosis | Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia

  https://www.chop.edu/conditions-diseases/syndromic-craniosynostosis

  So beginning in childhood, and infancy, and all the way through adolescents, your child needs to be in a center that can know the needs and address the needs of a child growing. And can address them on multiple levels: the eye socket, the forehead, the orbits and the face sequentially. […] What your child will need and what he will get will depend upon his age and the degree of deformity. And we have a team that has been utilizing these different techniques for years, and years, and years. And the team will tailor the treatment for your child. […] Our team looks to coordinate the care and individualize the treatment of these complex deformities to fit your child.

• #57 Craniosynostosis Surgery

  https://www.plasticsurgery.org/reconstructive-procedures/craniosynostosis-surgery/results

  Craniosynostosis surgery is designed to correct an abnormal head shape and allow the growing brain room to expand normally. […] The immediate results of craniosynostosis surgery will depend on the type of surgery performed. With open craniosynostosis procedures, the fused sutures are released, and the skull bones are repositioned to create a more typical head shape. The results of open procedures will be immediately apparent with a significant change in your child’s head shape from before to after surgery. […] Strip craniectomy surgery will release the fused suture but will rely on the use of a custom helmet after surgery to improve your child’s head shape over time. Spring-assisted craniectomy surgery will also not result in significant change in your child’s head shape immediately following surgery and may require the use of helmet therapy after removal of the spring to help redirect skull growth to a more typical pattern.

• #58 Craniosynostosis Surgery

  https://www.plasticsurgery.org/reconstructive-procedures/craniosynostosis-surgery/results

  Although good results are expected from your procedure, there is a chance your child may require additional surgeries in the future. If your child demonstrates repeat signs of increased intracranial pressure, then additional craniosynostosis surgery may be required. Some patients with persistent skull defects from incomplete bone healing may require revisionary surgery depending on the location and size of the defect. […] Following craniosynostosis surgery, your child will be followed regularly by your craniofacial surgeon or craniofacial team to monitor their immediate recovery and continued growth and development.

• #59 Metopic Craniosynostosis: What It Is, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/metopic-craniosynostosis-trigonocephaly

  Metopic craniosynostosis happens when the frontal bones in your babys skull close too soon. Surgery helps safely reshape your childs skull with few side effects. Your child may need to wear a helmet to reshape their skull. […] In cases where trigonocephaly is moderate or severe, treatment with surgery helps reshape your childs head and gives their brain more space to grow. If necessary, surgery can relieve pressure on your childs brain as well. […] There are two types of surgery to treat metopic craniosynostosis: Endoscopic-assisted surgery and Open surgery (cranial vault remodeling). […] After endoscopic surgery, your child will need to wear a helmet until theyre about 12 months old. The helmet helps your childs skull grow into a round shape. […] Each type of surgery comes with possible risks and side effects, which could include: Blood loss, Infection, Brain bleed (hematoma). […] Your child may feel much better within a few weeks of surgery, but it could take between two to three months for your child to recover completely. […] Treatment with surgery is successful and side effects are usually minor.

• #60 Craniosynostosis – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Craniosynostosis

  The primary goal of surgical intervention is to allow normal cranial vault development to occur. This can be achieved by excision of the prematurely fused suture and correction of the associated skull deformities. If the synostosis goes uncorrected, the deformity will progressively worsen not only threatening the aesthetic aspect, but also the functional aspect. This is especially prevalent with asymmetric conditions, such as unilateral coronal synostosis, with compromised function of the eyes and the jaw. In addition, signs of compromised neurodevelopment have been seen amongst all the synostoses, although this may also be caused by primary maldevelopment of the brain and can thus not be prevented by surgical intervention. […] There are a few basic elements involved in surgical intervention which is aimed at normalization of the cranial vault: […] Surgery for craniosynostosis is often associated with significant perioperative hemorrhage so multiple strategies are often used to minimize blood loss. One such method involves the injection of vasoconstrictive agents (i.e. epinephrine) seven to ten minutes before scalp incision. Additionally, the initiation of surgery should be delayed until blood products are physically present in the operating room. […] Another general agreement is the avoidance of the use of titanium plates in the fixation of the skull. One potential complication following this procedure involves the gradual movement of the titanium plates towards the brain, induced by resorption of the innermost bone layer of the skull with deposition of new bone on the outermost layer, thereby integrating the titanium plates. In some cases, the plates have been observed to come into direct contact with the brain. Absorbable plates are now used instead.

• #61 Pediatric Craniosynostosis: UF Pediatric Neurosurgery » Pediatric Craniosynostosis » Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery at the University of Florida » College of Medicine » University of Florida

  https://neurosurgery.ufl.edu/patient-care/pediatric-neurosurgery/pediatric-diseases-conditions-services/pediatric-craniosynostosis/

  Craniosynostosis must be ruled out because it has significant medical implications. Early diagnosis and treatment of craniosynostosis improves outcomes and reduces possible adverse effects on brain development. […] We are proud to offer the full range of surgical options for craniosynostosis, including minimally invasive endoscopy, springs, and distractors. […] Multiple types of surgical intervention for craniosynostosis exist. […] The goals of craniosynostosis surgery are to unlock and reshape the bones. […] Historically, craniosynostosis has been treated using surgical methods that involve an incision from ear to ear and the removal, reshaping and reattachment of affected bones. […] Advances in technology are allowing us to conduct more of these procedures in a minimally invasive manner.

• #62 Craniosynostosis | Valley Children’s Healthcare

  https://www.valleychildrens.org/services/neuroscience-center/conditions-we-treat/craniosynostosis

  Craniosynostosis is a condition where one or more of the sutures close too early. This may cause: […] The key to treating craniosynostosis is early detection and treatment. Treatment will depend on your child’s symptoms, age, and general health. It will also depend on how severe the condition is. […] When the diagnosis is made before a child is age 1, surgery is usually the recommended treatment. The goal of surgery is to fix the deformities of the face and skull bones. It can also ease pressure in the skull, if it is present. […] It is usually best for your baby to have the surgery before they reach age 1. This is because the bones are still very soft. It is easier to fix the deformities at that time. […] Most surgeries are done between ages 3 and 8 months old. […] When the diagnosis is made after 1 year of age, nonsurgical treatment is often recommended if the skull’s shape appears close to normal. […] Surgery is usually the recommended treatment. […] Most children who have surgery early live healthy lives.

• #63 Craniosynostosis | Causes, Symptoms, Types & Treatment | CHOC

  https://choc.org/neuroscience/craniosynostosis/

  Craniosynostosis is a condition in which the sutures in a child’s skull close too early, causing problems with head growth. […] Surgery is typically the recommended treatment for craniosynostosis. The goal of treatment is to reduce the pressure in the head and correct the deformities of the face and skull bones. […] For babies up to 6 months of age, CHOC is the only hospital in the region to offer a minimally invasive, endoscopic procedure. Two small incisions are made and a small strip of bone is removed, to allow the head to grow normally. […] For older children with craniosynostosis, CHOC neurosurgeons are the regional leaders in performing an open procedure to correct your child’s head shape, with immediate results. […] The key to treating craniosynostosis is early detection and treatment. Some forms of craniosynostosis can affect the brain and its development. […] A child with craniosynostosis requires frequent medical evaluations to ensure that the skull, facial bones and brain are developing normally.

• #64 Craniosynostosis – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/craniosynostosis/symptoms-causes/syc-20354513

  Craniosynostosis (kray-nee-o-sin-os-TOE-sis) is a disorder present at birth in which one or more of the fibrous joints between the bones of your baby’s skull (cranial sutures) close prematurely (fuse), before your baby’s brain is fully formed. Brain growth continues, giving the head a misshapen appearance. […] Treating craniosynostosis involves surgery to correct the shape of the head and allow for brain growth. Early diagnosis and treatment allow your baby’s brain adequate space to grow and develop. […] Although neurological damage can occur in severe cases, most children develop as expected in their ability to think and reason (cognitive development) and have good cosmetic results after surgery. Early diagnosis and treatment are key.

• #65 Sagittal Craniosynostosis: Types, Treatment, and More

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/sagittal-craniosynostosis-5190936

  Calvarial vault remodeling: During this procedure, the surgeon makes an incision in your child’s scalp and then moves the skull bones into a circular shape. This surgery is usually recommended for babies older than 6 months because their skull bones are thick enough to hold their shape once they are moved. […] Most babies who are treated for sagittal craniosynostosis have successful outcomes without complications. Early diagnosis and treatment are important for treatment success. […] When sagittal craniosynostosis is left untreated, babies can experience increased intracranial pressure and long-term complications, including: Developmental delays, Head or facial abnormalities, Breathing problems, Vision problems, Seizures, Low self-esteem. […] Treatment for sagittal craniosynostosis involves surgery to correct the skull’s shape and give the brain room to grow.

• #66 Treatment for Craniosynostosis | Stanford Health Care

  https://stanfordhealthcare.org/medical-conditions/bones-joints-and-muscles/craniosynostosis/treatments.html

  Being involved in your baby’s care while he or she is in the hospital may help you feel more comfortable when you take your baby home. You’ll need to know how to care for your baby’s incision and what problems to watch for. Problems after surgery aren’t common. […] It’s normal to feel a wide range of emotions when your child has a problem like craniosynostosis. Counseling or a support group can help.

• #67 Craniosynostosis Information & Treatment

  https://www.columbiadoctors.org/health-library/condition/craniosynostosis/

  Being involved in your baby’s care while your baby is in the hospital may help you feel more comfortable when you take your baby home. You’ll need to know how to care for your baby’s incision and what problems to watch for. Problems after surgery aren’t common. […] It’s normal to feel a wide range of emotions when your child has a problem like craniosynostosis. Counseling or a support group can help.

• #68 Craniosynostosis Diagnosis and Treatment | OHSU

  https://www.ohsu.edu/doernbecher/craniosynostosis-diagnosis-and-treatment

  Cranial vault remodeling (CVR): We use this surgery in children 6 to 12 months old. This is a traditional or open surgery. We remove the affected suture and rebuild the skull to allow the brain to grow. Most children will not use a helmet after this surgery. […] Cranial vault distraction osteogenesis (CVDO): We may recommend this surgery for children with more than one suture affected by craniosynostosis. This is a traditional or open surgery. We carefully separate the skull bones and place devices to slowly stretch the bone and skin. This allows the brain to grow. […] After endoscopic surgery and cranial vault remodeling, your child will need a series of helmets to continue shaping their skull. […] In most cases, children with craniosynostosis do not need follow-up surgery. After your child’s surgery you will meet with your child’s brain surgeon, plastic surgeon, and pediatric nurse practitioner for follow-up care. Our team will also conduct tests to check how your child’s brain functions. […] OHSU’s complete care for craniofacial disorders includes emotional support for your family. Our team has a pediatric psychologist from OHSU’s Child Development Rehabilitation Center who will work with your family and connect you to community resources.

• #69 Craniosynostosis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544366/

  Craniosynostosis, the premature fusion of one or more cranial sutures, presents a spectrum of challenges ranging from altered skull morphology to potential neurodevelopmental impairment. […] This activity aims to enhance clinical decision-making and improve the long-term developmental and functional prognosis for patients with craniosynostosis. […] The treatment of craniosynostosis involves surgical intervention to unlock the fused sutures, ensuring unrestricted brain development and correcting cosmetic deformities. […] Primary treatment: Craniofacial surgery is the cornerstone of treatment for craniosynostosis. […] Indications for Surgical Treatment include risk of increased intracranial pressure, abnormal skull shape, correction of cosmetic deformity, expanding intracranial volume to allow for sufficient brain growth, and protection of the globes in cases of midface retrusion. […] Surgical intervention is the preferred treatment. The surgical approach typically depends on the child’s age and involves sutures.

• #70 Craniosynostosis Program | Neurological Surgery

  https://neurosurgery.weillcornell.org/craniosynostosis

  Surgery for Craniosynostosis […] Surgery is the only treatment for craniosynostosis. There are several surgical options, including open surgery (called cranial vault remodeling) and endoscopic surgery (called suturectomy). Its best to perform surgery at just a few weeks to a few months of age, since the skull bones are the softest and most malleable then. The craniofacial team that evaluates a child will recommend the best surgery based on which suture closed prematurely, the degree of deformity, and the age of the patient. […] […] A child who has endoscopic surgery for craniosynostosis has very little bone removed the surgical team re-opens the closed suture, which allows the natural growth of the brain to expand the skull over the following months. To provide guidance as that happens, babies who have endoscopic surgery wear a helmet until about one year of age. Learn how helmets allow us to offer this minimally invasive surgical option.

• #71 Craniosynostosis | University of Iowa Health Care Stead Family Children’s Hospital

  https://uihc.org/childrens/services/craniosynostosis

  UI Health Care experts treat all types of primary and syndromic craniosynostosis. Our areas of expertise include endoscopic strip craniectomy and cranial vault reconstruction. […] Because treatment usually requires surgery often during the first year of life, you should carefully consider where to seek care. […] We also offer every kind of surgical treatment for children including cranial vault reconstruction and endoscopic strip craniectomy. […] Our goal is to diagnose and treat your child as early as possible, reducing their risk of long-term cognitive or cosmetic problems. […] Although very mild cases of craniosynostosis may not need treatment, most children with this condition need surgery. […] No matter which procedure your child has, our goals are the same: to correct the shape of their skull and make sure their brain has enough room to grow.

• #72 Craniosynostosis | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/craniosynostosis

  Craniosynostosis is when one or more of the seams (called sutures) between the bones in your baby’s skull close too early. […] It’s important to detect craniosynostosis early so treatment can be started. […] How is craniosynostosis treated? […] Surgery is the main treatment. The aim is to return the skull to a more typical shape. Surgery also enables your baby’s brain to grow and develop normally. […] Surgery for craniosynostosis is usually done between the ages of 3 months and 12 months. In rare cases, a child will need further surgery when they’re a little older. […] Your child will need to see their doctors regularly after surgery, to monitor their head growth and development.

Zobacz więcej