Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Craniosynostosis Repair Home Care Instructions – University of Mississippi Medical Center

  https://umc.edu/Childrens/Childrens%20Surgery/Plastic-Reconstructive/Resources/craniosynostosis.html

  Craniosynostosis occurs when one or more of the sutures (growth seams) in a babys head close too early. Early closure can cause the skull to grow in unusual shapes depending on which suture is affected. Early closure can also restrict brain growth and cause vision problems. […] Surgery is the treatment for craniosynostosis. There are several types of surgery to treat this condition: minimally invasive treatment, cranial distractors, cranial vault remodeling. […] The type of surgery will depend on the type of suture closure and the childs age. […] Minimally invasive procedures are typically done up to about four months of age using a very small incision. These methods may require the use of a molding helmet. If springs are utilized, a second surgery about three months later to remove the springs is needed.

• #1 Craniosynostosis – Neurosurgery | UCLA Health

  https://www.uclahealth.org/medical-services/neurosurgery/conditions-treated/craniosynostosis

  Craniosynostosis refers to premature closure of cranial sutures, or joints between the bones of the skull. The condition has medical consequences only when it occurs abnormally early in development. […] Craniosynostosis occurs approximately once per 1,900 live births, with considerable variation in the shape of the skull. Less severe cases often go undetected. […] Primary craniosynostosis may involve one or two sutures in otherwise normal individuals or be part of a recognized syndrome. Secondary craniosynostosis occurs in response to absent or reduced growth of the brain. […] Not all children require treatment. A child with a head of normal or near normal shape does not need surgery for craniosynostosis. A head that has not been recognized as abnormal in shape in the first 6 months of life will almost never require surgery.

• #1 Craniosynostosis minimally invasive treatment | Children’s Hospital of Richmond at VCU

  https://www.chrichmond.org/services/neurosciences/programs-and-clinics/craniosynostosis-minimally-invasive-treatment/

  Craniosynostosis treatment option: Minimally invasive treatment There are minimally invasive surgery options for many conditions, including craniosynostosis. This minimally invasive or endoscopic procedure removes the involved fused suture through one or two smaller incisions using an endoscope, microscope or high magnification Loupes. No reshaping is done in surgery. A helmet is measured about three to four days after surgery and is used in the period following the procedure to contour the head shape. This option has been available for more than 20 years as an alternative to the traditional or open procedure, with benefits including a smaller incision, less blood loss, less discomfort and swelling and a much shorter hospital stay. The cosmetic outcomes are excellent. […] Request an appointment

• #1 Craniosynostosis Repair Home Care Instructions – University of Mississippi Medical Center

  https://umc.edu/Childrens/Childrens%20Surgery/Plastic-Reconstructive/Resources/craniosynostosis.html

  Cranial distractors are recommended when maximal increase in space for the brain is required. This is usually due to multiple growth seams being closed. The surgery involves placement of cranial distractors that are then slowly turned for a period of several weeks to maximize the space for the growing brain. A second surgery is required to remove the distractors. […] The cranial vault surgery involves remodeling certain areas of the skull to correct skull shape and to increase the amount of room for the growing brain. This is done at around 12 months of age and uses absorbable plates and screws. […] Your childs regular home diet is OK. […] Make sure your child is getting a normal amount of daily liquids to prevent dehydration. If you notice your child is drinking less or having fewer wet diapers, please notify the plastic surgery team right away.

• #1 Craniosyntostosis Surgery | Cranial Stenosis | Children’s Wisconsin

  https://childrenswi.org/medical-care/neuroscience/conditions/craniosynostosis

  There are many surgical options depending on the age and nature of the individual patient’s craniosynostosis. These options can be divided into two broad categories: minimally invasive surgery with post-operative helmet therapy, and traditional open surgery. […] Traditional open surgery refers to a variety of techniques involving a more direct repair of the cranial abnormality. These techniques require bigger incisions, longer operative time, greater blood loss (and often blood transfusion), and longer hospital stays. […] Patients are admitted to the hospital on the day of the operation. After surgery, it is common for the child to have a turban-like dressing around his/her head. The face and eyelids may be swollen after this type of surgery. Patients are ready to go home when they are comfortable with only oral medication, have an adequate oral intake, and demonstrate baseline behavior. Patients undergoing minimally invasive surgery are often ready to go home the day after surgery. Patients undergoing open surgery often require 3-4 days in the hospital. Patients are followed closely after surgery and less frequently over time. Children are typically monitored until at least the age of 6 years.

• #1

  https://journals.lww.com/nursingcriticalcare/fulltext/2015/01000/craniosynostosis.6.aspx

  Nursing care involves preoperative education and emotional support for the child and family, as well as postoperative monitoring for complications. […] Postoperative care includes continuous cardiorespiratory monitoring, vital signs and neurologic assessments every 4 hours, and head-of-bed elevation. […] Pain management is critical, typically starting with IV opioids and transitioning to oral medications. […] Nurses instruct parents on potential complications requiring prompt evaluation, maintaining head elevation to reduce facial edema, and the importance of helmet therapy post-surgery. […] Each family has a multidisciplinary care team including various specialists to support the child’s needs.

• #1 Craniosynostosis | Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment

  https://www.cincinnatichildrens.org/health/c/craniosynostosis

  Before surgery, your child will be scheduled for an appointment with the Craniosynostosis and Cranial Reconstruction Center. This will include neurosurgery and plastic surgery. […] After surgery, depending on the type of surgery, your child may go to our pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) right after surgery. Your child’s head will be fully wrapped with a turban dressing. […] You can take your child home on the fourth or fifth day after surgery if they had cranial vault reconstruction. Most children undergoing minimally invasive craniosynostosis surgery leave the hospital in one to two days after surgery. […] If your child needs to wear a helmet after minimally invasive surgery, they can start wearing the helmet approximately 72 hours after the procedure. Your child’s doctor and helmet specialist will give specific instructions of when to start the helmet therapy. […] Follow-up appointments are typically two weeks after the surgery. This appointment will either be with an advance practice provider or your child’s surgeon.

• #1 Craniosynostosis – Seattle Children’s

  https://www.seattlechildrens.org/conditions/craniosynostosis/

  If your child has craniosynostosis, the Seattle Children’s Craniofacial Center team is among the most experienced in the world. Research shows that experience equals better results. […] The main treatment for craniosynostosis is surgery to make sure your child’s brain has enough room to grow. […] Surgeons expand and reform your child’s cranial bones. An experienced craniofacial plastic surgeon and a neurosurgeon work as a team in the operating room. Surgery helps the skull grow into a more typical shape and prevents a buildup of pressure on the brain. […] Our doctors carefully assess your baby and explain the different surgeries. We work with you to decide the best for your child. […] Our recommended treatment depends on which suture in your child’s skull is affected. Their age also matters. We tailor care to your child and family. If only 1 suture is fused, most children need only 1 surgery.

• #1 Craniosynostosis: caring for infants and their families – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23908168/

  Craniosynostosis is a developmental anomaly with premature closure of the cranial sutures causing an abnormally shaped skull in an infant. Recommended surgical treatment involves cranial vault reconstruction to open the closed suture, increase intracranial volume, and allow the brain to grow normally. Parents work with a multidisciplinary team during the evaluation process and face various preoperative and postoperative stressors. Critical care nurses can improve the care of the infants and their families by being knowledgeable about the anatomy, assessment, and surgical and nursing management of infants with this anomaly and its impact on the patients’ families. […] This article discusses the definitions, diagnosis, and treatment of craniosynostosis and support for parents of infants with this malformation.

• #1 Craniosynostosis | Memorial Hermann

  https://memorialhermann.org/services/conditions/pediatric-craniosynostosis

  How Is the Child Cared for After Surgery? […] After surgery, the child remains in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit for 1-3 days, depending on the surgery. Swelling is most noticeable 2-3 days after surgery and takes several weeks to completely resolve. In a patient with significant facial swelling, the breathing tube is left in place to protect the air passage. This remains until the swelling improves and the patient can breathe on his or her own. […] The child is usually eating and drinking within several days after surgery. Once the bandage is removed, the scalp is cleaned with daily shampoos removing all crusts. Absorbable sutures are used, which do not require removal. When the child is discharged, parents need to be watchful for any redness or drainage around the suture line, which may be a sign of infection.

• #1 Craniosynostosis Repair – Resources – Pediatric Cleft and Craniofacial Center – Golisano Children’s Hospital – University of Rochester Medical Center

  https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/childrens-hospital/craniofacial/resources/craniosynostosis-repair-postoperative-instructio.aspx

  When at home it is important to monitor your childs oral intake and wet diapers. If you notice a significant decrease your child may be becoming dehydrated. If you are concerned about this please call our office. […] Your child may take several weeks to return to their usual routine and sleep patterns. […] Your child should avoid rough play (for example with an older sibling or in day care) for 6 weeks, but we recognize it is hard to control children of this age. Follow all your usual safety measures such as car seats, seat belts in high chairs, etc. […] Your child will not need a helmet to protect or shape the head after surgery unless instructed by your surgeon. […] Surprisingly, despite this being a large surgery, the postoperative pain is fairly minimal. Within a day or two most children are off narcotic pain medicine. Your child may have some mild discomfort at home. Give acetaminophen (Tylenol), as directed by your childs doctor.

• #1 Craniosynostosis Repair – Resources – Pediatric Cleft and Craniofacial Center – Golisano Children’s Hospital – University of Rochester Medical Center

  https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/childrens-hospital/craniofacial/resources/craniosynostosis-repair-postoperative-instructio.aspx

  If your child has more than mild discomfort, the doctor may prescribe medicine to help ease the pain. Give pain medicine as prescribed and instructed by your doctor and nurse. […] Try to schedule a dose of pain medicine around bedtime, especially for the first few days at home. This will help your child sleep better. […] Keep track of your childs bowel habits. He or she should return to previous bowel habits. If not, he or she may be constipated. […] Call your childs pediatrician or the Plastic Surgery team if you think your child is constipated. […] After surgery your child will have a small plastic drain coming out behind one of the ears. This prevents fluid from accumulating under the skin, and is typically removed a day or two after surgery, before you go home. […] The incision in the scalp is closed with absorbable sutures that will fall out over the next several weeks. You do need to keep these clean. After 48 hours, you should begin to wash your childs scalp with a moist washcloth, your usual mild soap, and water. Remove any developing scabs with a washcloth.

• #1 Craniosynostosis Repair Home Care Instructions – University of Mississippi Medical Center

  https://umc.edu/Childrens/Childrens%20Surgery/Plastic-Reconstructive/Resources/craniosynostosis.html

  Apply bacitracin ointment to the scalp incision twice daily for 10 days after the initial dressing is removed. After 10 days, ointment is no longer needed for the incision. […] Keep the site where the drain was removed covered with gauze for two days. A small amount of clear, red or brown drainage is normal for the first couple of days. After that, drainage should stop, and a gauze dressing is no longer needed. […] Every day, clean around the scalp incision with baby shampoo. Do not scrub the area. Instead, wipe it gently and pat it dry. […] Its OK to let soap and water run over the incision, but do not submerge your childs head under water. […] No gym, contact sports, or swimming for three weeks. […] Take over the counter Tylenol or Motrin as needed for pain. (OK to use Motrin for children older than 6 months.)

• #1 Craniosynostosis repair – discharge : MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000067.htm

  Craniosynostosis repair is surgery to correct a problem that causes the bones of a child’s skull to grow together (fuse) too early. […] Your child’s surgeon may prescribe a special helmet to be worn, starting at some point after the surgery. This helmet has to be worn to help further correct the shape of your child’s head or to prevent unwanted recurrence or changes after surgery. […] Your child should not go to school or daycare for at least 2 to 3 weeks after the surgery. […] Keep your child’s surgery wound clean and dry until the surgeon says you can wash it. Do not use any lotions, gels, or cream to rinse your child’s head until the skin has completely healed. […] Contact your child’s surgeon if your child has a temperature of 101.5°F (38.6°C). […] Also contact the surgeon if the surgery wound has pus, blood, or any other drainage coming from it.

• #1 Craniosynostosis: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment | Nationwide Children’s Hospital

  https://www.nationwidechildrens.org/conditions/craniosynostosis

  Craniosynostosis is a condition where a babys skull bones join together too early. This can change the shape of the head and sometimes cause brain problems. Doctors can fix it with surgery to help the skull grow normally. Early treatment is important to prevent any issues with brain development. […] The Center for Complex Craniofacial Disorders expertly cares for children with craniosynostosis. […] Treating craniosynostosis usually involves surgery to unlock and bones and reshape the skull. […] With traditional surgery, the procedure lasts approximately four hours and is performed with a craniofacial plastic surgeon. […] Minimally invasive surgery produces the most successful outcomes when performed on children before the age of six months. […] The cranial molding helmet has a hard outer shell with moldable foam on the inside. The helmet is worn 23 hours per day until the childs first birthday. […] The Center for Complex Craniofacial Disorders and Neurosurgery expertly care for children with craniosynostosis. Our pediatric neurosurgeons are trained in treating children with craniosynostosis using some of the most advanced surgical techniques and equipment.

• #1 Craniosynostosis Treatments | San Antonio | University Health

  https://www.universityhealth.com/pediatrics/services/cleft-and-craniofacial-center/craniosynostosis/treatments

  Count on our skilled surgical team to keep your infant or child comfortable and safe before, during and after surgery. […] After less-invasive surgery, a custom-made helmet will help reshape your babys head. The cranial remolding program at University Childrens Health, in partnership with UT Health San Antonio, is nationally known for successfully treating craniosynostosis after surgery and plagiocephaly. […] Craniosynostosis helmet therapy can last up to one year. Your babys treatment time will depend on their age and the severity of the condition.

• #1 Craniosynostosis Repair – Resources – Pediatric Cleft and Craniofacial Center – Golisano Children’s Hospital – University of Rochester Medical Center

  https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/childrens-hospital/craniofacial/resources/craniosynostosis-repair-postoperative-instructio.aspx

  For a week or two after surgery, your child may need extra attention and understanding. Dont worry about spoiling your child during this time. It is OK to respond to your childs need for extra holding and comforting. […] Your child will be going to the ICU after surgery and will be sleepy for several hours. Occasionally children need to remain intubated (with the breathing tube left in place) after surgery. Your child will have an IV in place for giving fluids and pain medicines. Your child will have blood levels monitored and may require additional blood transfusions in the days after surgery. […] It may take a day or two for your child to return to their usual feeding regimen. In the first 48 hours after surgery, your childs eyes may swell closed. While feeding is encouraged during this time, it may be disorienting for him or her and may require extra effort on your part. Your child can resume feeding in their usual fashion, breast or bottle-feeding.

• #1 Pediatric Craniosynostosis Treatment & Management: Medical Care, Surgical Care, Consultations

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1175957-treatment

  Address the appearance of the skull abnormality. […] Surgery for craniosynostosis is typically indicated for increased intracranial pressure and/or for correction of the cranial deformity, and is usually performed in the first year of life. […] Minimally invasive surgery is preferred for babies with craniosynostosis up to age 6 months. Open surgery is done for babies older than 6 months. […] Surgery to correct the cranial or craniofacial deformity is performed in infants aged 3-6 months in the author’s practice, although a variety of approaches exist among different surgeons. […] Surgery in younger infants may result in a relatively large loss of blood volume. Accordingly, minimally invasive surgical techniques should be considered. […] Infants with a defined syndrome causing craniosynostosis should be evaluated early for surgery. […] Results are best when surgery is performed in infants younger than 6 months. […] Following surgery, patients may require some restriction in activity under the direction of the treating neurosurgeon to avoid head injury.

• #1 Craniosynostosis | Children’s Hospital Colorado

  https://www.childrenscolorado.org/conditions-and-advice/conditions-and-symptoms/conditions/craniosynostosis/

  In most cases, craniosynostosis does not cause any symptoms in babies. However, you or your pediatrician may notice physical signs of craniosynostosis as soon as your baby is born or a few months later. […] Your child’s craniosynostosis treatment depends on many factors including the type and severity of the condition. Some cases of craniosynostosis may be mild and only need to be monitored to see if the condition is affecting your child’s development and growth. […] Surgery is common for craniosynostosis treatment. The goals of surgery are to produce a more typical head shape and provide room for the brain to grow and develop. […] After most children leave the hospital, they only need over-the-counter pain medicine for several days. […] You and your baby will return to the Craniofacial Program several times during the first year after surgery for checkups, then usually once a year for the next several years.

• #1 Craniosynostosis Repair Home Care Instructions – University of Mississippi Medical Center

  https://umc.edu/Childrens/Childrens%20Surgery/Plastic-Reconstructive/Resources/craniosynostosis.html

  You will also be given a small amount of narcotic pain medication for any pain not controlled by Tylenol or Motrin. Use this sparingly. […] Follow up with your surgeon in the Sanderson Tower clinic as scheduled at discharge. This is usually two to three weeks after surgery. […] If your child develops increased pain or swelling, redness or drainage around the incisions, fever or chills, an inability to eat or drink, or other worrisome symptoms, please notify the plastic surgery team right away.

• #1 Craniosynostosis Repair – Resources – Pediatric Cleft and Craniofacial Center – Golisano Children’s Hospital – University of Rochester Medical Center

  https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/childrens-hospital/craniofacial/resources/craniosynostosis-repair-postoperative-instructio.aspx

  After cleaning, dress the suture line with antibiotic ointment for the first week, then switch to plain Vaseline until the sutures fall off. You should keep the suture line clean and greasy, applying ointment twice a day. […] Please make a clinic appointment for 1-2 weeks after surgery. […] When to call your childs doctor or nurse. If your child: has redness, increased swelling, drainage, or bleeding from the scalp incision; has separation of the suture line; has a fever higher than 101.5F degrees (taken under the arm); has pain that doesn’t get better after pain medicine is given; is not drinking liquids or is vomiting; has trouble breathing.

• #1 Syndromic craniosynostosis – Children’s Health Craniofacial Surgery

  https://www.childrens.com/specialties-services/conditions/syndromic-craniosynostosis

  Children with syndromic craniosynostosis require a team of specialists to best manage their care. It is best for a patient to see all of these specialists in one clinic visit. […] Patients with syndromic craniosynostosis frequently have significant additional problems with breathing, hearing, speech and eating. They may also be born with deformed hands and feet which present additional functional and surgical challenges. Patients with so many complex problems require a team of specialists with expertise in each of the childs problem areas and experience in caring for children with syndromic craniosynostosis. […] We always try to anticipate as many problems as possible in order to reduce risks presented by anesthesia in our surgeries. We follow our patients until they are fully grown adults.

• #1 Multidisciplinary care of craniosynostosis | JMDH

  https://www.dovepress.com/multidisciplinary-care-of-craniosynostosis-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-JMDH

  The management of craniosynostosis, especially in the setting of craniofacial syndromes, is ideally done in a multidisciplinary clinic with a team focused toward comprehensive care. […] Multidisciplinary CF teams commonly assume the responsibility of treating patients with craniosynostosis. […] The CF pediatrician or nurse practitioner serves as the primary care provider in the team and is one of the key members. […] Audiologists are important members of the team because many children with craniosynostosis and CF conditions can have ear and hearing issues. […] Dentists and orthodontists are absolutely essential to any complete CF team due to the frequency of dental and dentofacial deformities in children who have syndromic craniosynostosis. […] Otolaryngologists are essential members of the CF team, especially as it relates to the treatment of syndromic craniosynostosis.

• #1 Craniosynostosis | Birth Defects | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/birth-defects/about/craniosynostosis.html

  Craniosynostosis usually is diagnosed soon after a baby is born. […] Many types of craniosynostosis require surgery. The surgical procedure is meant to relieve pressure on the brain to allow it to grow properly. It is usually performed during the first year of life. […] A baby with craniosynostosis will need to see a doctor regularly to check that the brain and skull are developing properly. […] Children with craniosynostosis may have issues with self-esteem if they are concerned with visible differences between themselves and other children. Parent-to-parent support groups can be useful for new families of babies with craniosynostosis.

• #1 Craniosynostosis – What You Need to Know

  https://www.drugs.com/cg/craniosynostosis.html

  Craniosynostosis is a condition that causes one or more skull bones to close (fuse) too early. […] Treatment may not be needed if craniosynostosis is mild. The following are the most common treatments used, if needed: A helmet may be fitted to your baby’s head. The helmet helps change the shape of the skull so the brain has room to grow. The helmet also helps the way the head looks. A helmet may be used if the condition is mild. […] What can I do to care for my child? Help your child develop healthy self-esteem as he or she gets older. Your child may feel self-conscious or have body image problems if he or she looks different from other children. Try not to minimize your child’s feelings. Listen when your child wants to talk about how he or she looks. Also talk with your child about his or her strengths and interests. For example, your child may be a talented artist or writer, or have a great sense of humor. He or she may enjoy working with computers or be good at math. By helping your child focus on strengths and interests, you can help make appearance less important.

• #1 Craniosynostosis – What You Need to Know

  https://www.drugs.com/cg/craniosynostosis.html

  Ask about early intervention programs, if needed. Early intervention includes therapy, exercises, and activities that will help with development during the first 3 years. Your child may be taught physical, speech, or social skills. He or she may work with more than one provider to learn new skills. Providers can work with you and everyone who takes care of your child. This will help make sure everyone knows how to support your child. […] Join a support group. It may help to talk with other parents who have a child with craniosynostosis.

• #1 Life-Long Considerations for Craniosynostosis | Stanford Health Care

  https://stanfordhealthcare.org/medical-conditions/bones-joints-and-muscles/craniosynostosis/treatments/life-long-considerations.html

  The key to treating craniosynostosis is early detection and treatment. Some forms of craniosynostosis can affect the brain and development of a child. The degree of the problems is dependent on the severity of the craniosynostosis, the number of sutures that are fused, and the presence of brain or other organ system problems that could affect the child. […] A child with craniosynostosis requires frequent medical evaluations to ensure that the skull, facial bones, and brain are developing normally. The medical team works with the child’s family to provide education and guidance to improve the health and well being of the child.

• #1 Craniosynostosis | Types & Treatment Options | Riley Children’s Health

  https://www.rileychildrens.org/health-info/craniosynostosis

  Surgery is the typical treatment to separate the baby’s skull bones. Craniosynostosis surgery relieves pressure in your child’s skull, allowing it to expand and grow normally. […] Your child’s care will involve a team of physicians, including neurosurgeons, plastic surgeons, geneticists, ophthalmologists and pulmonologists. […] After surgery, your child will continue checkups to monitor the growth of their skull and provide additional treatments as necessary. Sometimes, your child’s care team will follow your child’s care into their teen years to monitor for any cognitive or speech delays and help your child navigate any difficulties in school.

• #1 Craniosynostosis Care | UVA Health Children’s

  https://childrens.uvahealth.com/services/pediatric-neurosurgery/craniosynostosis

  We offer endoscopic surgery for babies younger than 4 months. In most cases, babies only need to stay in the hospital for a single night. […] Wearing a helmet is part of endoscopic surgery. […] If your baby is between 4-6 months, we typically recommend a spring-assisted surgical repair. […] UVA Health Children’s pioneered cranial vaulting, the gold standard of craniosynostosis care, in the 1970s and weve continued to improve it over time. […] Once treated, children with craniosynostosis have no lasting changes to long-term health or lifespan. […] Most of the time, doing surgery earlier is better. The sooner the craniosynostosis is addressed, the sooner your child can continue to develop.

• #1 Craniosynostosis Diagnosis & Treatment – NYC | Columbia Neurosurgery in New York City

  https://www.neurosurgery.columbia.edu/patient-care/conditions/craniosynostosis

  Following the operation, it is common for the child to have a turban-like dressing around his or her head. The face and eyelids may be swollen. The child is typically transferred to the pediatric intensive care unit after the operation for close monitoring. […] Recent research has shown that children may benefit from craniosynostosis surgery in more ways than previously thought. […] Children who have been treated for craniosynostosis should receive frequent medical and neurodevelopmental follow-up. Medical follow-up will ensure that the childs skull, facial bones and brain continue to develop normally. Neurodevelopmental evaluation can help determine whether therapy for learning or motor skills might be important. These interventions can have dramatic effects for children who may be at risk for delays. Your childs medical team will help you navigate these follow-up recommendations.

• #2 Craniosynostosis | Center for Craniofacial Care | Children’s Hospital of Richmond at VCU

  https://www.chrichmond.org/services/center-for-craniofacial-care/conditions-treated/craniosynostosis/

  Craniosynostosis is a condition where one or more of the fibrous connections between the brain and the skull, called sutures, in a child’s skull closes too early. When that occurs, it alters the skull’s growth pattern. […] Surgical treatment is recommended when craniosynostosis affects the shape of the head in a significant way. The more the shape of the head is affected, the greater the worry about the effect on the child’s brain. Surgery is believed to give a child the best possible chance to develop to their full potential. It also normalizes the child’s appearance. An unusual head shape can affect a child’s personality, self-esteem and social interactions. […] Our craniofacial specialists have two approaches to repairing craniosynostosis: Minimally invasive craniofacial surgery and Cranial vault remodeling.

• #2 Craniosynostosis | Dayton Children’s Hospital

  https://www.childrensdayton.org/patients-visitors/services/craniofacial-center/conditions-we-treat/craniosynostosis

  Craniosynostosis occurs an estimated 1 in every 2000 births. The majority are isolated cases with only a small amount (15%) being attributed to syndromes. It affects both males and females; however, research indicates that males are affected more than females. […] Yes, this is a craniofacial condition that babies are born with, although, it may not be readily apparent at birth. In some syndromes, it may not be diagnosed until the child is a few years old. […] The treatment of craniosynostosis is focused on the specific symptoms apparent in each individual since the symptoms can vary widely. Several specialties and physicians may be involved throughout the child’s life. Early surgeries may include craniofacial and reconstructive procedures to correct skull and head malformations to allow the brain to grow and develop properly. Also, there may be possible surgery to relieve any intracranial pressure. Patients may see some or all of the following physician specialties: pediatrician, neurologist/neurosurgeon, ophthalmologist, otolaryngologist (ENT), audiologist, dentist, orthodontist, oral surgeon, geneticist/genetic counselor, social worker and other healthcare professionals. Early intervention may be important to ensure that children with this condition reach their full potential. Special services like physical and occupational therapies along with special education may be very beneficial in some cases.

• #2 Craniosynostosis | Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment

  https://www.cincinnatichildrens.org/health/c/craniosynostosis

  Craniosynostosis is treated by surgery that opens the fused sutures. This creates space for brain growth. A variety of surgeries may be used. The surgeon will discuss the craniosynostosis treatment options available for your child. They will work with you to choose the most appropriate procedure depending on the sutures involved and your child’s age when they are diagnosed. A neurosurgeon and a plastic surgeon work together for more complex types of craniosynostosis. […] Minimally invasive surgery can be used to treat patients with various types of craniosynostosis. It is reserved only for young infants (younger than 4 months of age). […] Patients who have minimally invasive surgery will wear a custom-made helmet for a few months after surgery. The helmet will gently mold the child’s head into a more natural shape as the brain grows.

• #2 What Parents Should Know About Craniosynostosis | Stony Brook Medicine

  https://www.stonybrookmedicine.edu/patientcare/askexpert/craniosynostosis

  Craniosynostosis occurs when one or more of the sutures close too early. It causes problems with normal skull growth. […] Treatment is determined based on your child’s age, overall health and medical history, and the extent of and type of craniosynostosis. The best time to perform surgery is before the child is 1 year of age when the bones are still very soft and easy to remove and reassemble. Traditional open-skull surgery is performed between 6 and 9 months of age and can take between 2 and 12 hours. Blood transfusions are common with open surgery and the average hospital stay is five to seven days. Minimally invasive endoscopic surgery for craniosynostosis is generally performed at 3 months of age and typically takes between 90 and 180 minutes, with an average hospital stay of one night. Post-operative care for endoscopic craniosynostosis surgery often includes a custom-fit helmet for the infant to wear for up to a year, to help guide and mold the shape of the skull as the child grows. The endoscopic procedure offers comparable results to open surgery. And because there is rarely a need for blood transfusions with endoscopic surgery, the risk of complications is dramatically lowered.

• #2 Pediatric Craniosynostosis: UF Pediatric Neurosurgery » Pediatric Craniosynostosis » Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery at the University of Florida » College of Medicine » University of Florida

  https://neurosurgery.ufl.edu/patient-care/pediatric-neurosurgery/pediatric-diseases-conditions-services/pediatric-craniosynostosis/

  The cranial molding helmet has a hard outer shell with moldable foam on the inside. […] Stainless steel cranial expander springs are implanted after the fused suture is resected. […] In some cases, when multiple sutures are fused, cranial distraction can be employed to create more intracranial volume. […] Positional plagiocephaly may be prevented by regularly checking head shape and educating parents during well visits.

• #2 Craniosynostosis Repair – Resources – Pediatric Cleft and Craniofacial Center – Golisano Children’s Hospital – University of Rochester Medical Center

  https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/childrens-hospital/craniofacial/resources/craniosynostosis-repair-postoperative-instructio.aspx

  After cleaning, dress the suture line with antibiotic ointment for the first week, then switch to plain Vaseline until the sutures fall off. You should keep the suture line clean and greasy, applying ointment twice a day. […] Please make a clinic appointment for 1-2 weeks after surgery. […] When to call your childs doctor or nurse. If your child: has redness, increased swelling, drainage, or bleeding from the scalp incision; has separation of the suture line; has a fever higher than 101.5F degrees (taken under the arm); has pain that doesn’t get better after pain medicine is given; is not drinking liquids or is vomiting; has trouble breathing.

• #2 Craniosynostosis | Memorial Hermann

  https://memorialhermann.org/services/conditions/pediatric-craniosynostosis

  How Is the Child Cared for After Surgery? […] After surgery, the child remains in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit for 1-3 days, depending on the surgery. Swelling is most noticeable 2-3 days after surgery and takes several weeks to completely resolve. In a patient with significant facial swelling, the breathing tube is left in place to protect the air passage. This remains until the swelling improves and the patient can breathe on his or her own. […] The child is usually eating and drinking within several days after surgery. Once the bandage is removed, the scalp is cleaned with daily shampoos removing all crusts. Absorbable sutures are used, which do not require removal. When the child is discharged, parents need to be watchful for any redness or drainage around the suture line, which may be a sign of infection.

• #2 Craniosynostosis Repair – Resources – Pediatric Cleft and Craniofacial Center – Golisano Children’s Hospital – University of Rochester Medical Center

  https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/childrens-hospital/craniofacial/resources/craniosynostosis-repair-postoperative-instructio.aspx

  If your child has more than mild discomfort, the doctor may prescribe medicine to help ease the pain. Give pain medicine as prescribed and instructed by your doctor and nurse. […] Try to schedule a dose of pain medicine around bedtime, especially for the first few days at home. This will help your child sleep better. […] Keep track of your childs bowel habits. He or she should return to previous bowel habits. If not, he or she may be constipated. […] Call your childs pediatrician or the Plastic Surgery team if you think your child is constipated. […] After surgery your child will have a small plastic drain coming out behind one of the ears. This prevents fluid from accumulating under the skin, and is typically removed a day or two after surgery, before you go home. […] The incision in the scalp is closed with absorbable sutures that will fall out over the next several weeks. You do need to keep these clean. After 48 hours, you should begin to wash your childs scalp with a moist washcloth, your usual mild soap, and water. Remove any developing scabs with a washcloth.

• #2 Craniosynostosis repair – discharge Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/discharge-instructions/craniosynostosis-repair-discharge

  Craniosynostosis repair is surgery to correct a problem that causes the bones of a child’s skull to grow together (fuse) too early. […] Your child’s surgeon may prescribe a special helmet to be worn, starting at some point after the surgery. This helmet has to be worn to help further correct the shape of your child’s head or to prevent unwanted recurrence or changes after surgery. […] Your child should not go to school or daycare for at least 2 to 3 weeks after the surgery. […] Keep your child’s surgery wound clean and dry until the surgeon says you can wash it. Do not use any lotions, gels, or cream to rinse your child’s head until the skin has completely healed. […] Contact your child’s surgeon if your child has a temperature of 101.5°F (38.6°C).

• #2 Multidisciplinary care of craniosynostosis | JMDH

  https://www.dovepress.com/multidisciplinary-care-of-craniosynostosis-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-JMDH

  Ophthalmologists are necessary to any CF team given the number of eye-related issues. […] Geneticists and genetic counselors provide patients and their families with answers to questions related to their diagnosis, prognosis, and potential for inheritance. […] Pediatric neurosurgeons are necessary to help with the surgical treatment of patients with craniosynostosis. […] The dentofacial and neurologic issues patients with craniosynostosis suffer from can leave them malnourished and in need of extra care as it relates their nutrition. […] Occupational and physical therapists can help families and patients with mobility and coordination issues that can result due to some of the neurologic problems that can arise. […] Oral and maxillofacial surgeons are commonly a part of CF teams that help to surgically treat dentofacial deformities.

• #3 Multidisciplinary care of craniosynostosis | JMDH

  https://www.dovepress.com/multidisciplinary-care-of-craniosynostosis-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-JMDH

  Plastic and reconstructive surgeons, with specific training in CF surgery, provide patients with the surgical care path required for their diagnosis. […] Psychologists are required to assess the neuropsychological growth and development of patients. […] Researchers should be included in all CF teams to track patients from birth until eventual discharge. […] Respiratory therapists are important for patients with craniosynostosis who suffer from airway issues, such as sleep apnea, midface hypoplasia, tracheocartilagenous sleeves, and tracheostomies. […] Social workers help families and patients obtain the services they need as they go through their treatment. […] Speech and language pathologists help the children very early in life with any feeding difficulties and later with speech delays or issues. […] The support staff on any multidisciplinary team is helpful with the logistical side of care. […] Craniosynostosis is a complex disorder and the management requires a coordinated effort from a multidisciplinary team.

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