Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Does the H1N1 Virus Still Exist? Causes & Risk Factors

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/h1n1-7644754

  The H1N1 virus known as swine flu is one type of influenza A virus. […] H1N1 continues to exist as a seasonal flu virus, causing illness, hospitalization, and deaths worldwide. The seasonal flu vaccine has included a component that protects against H1N1 every year since 2010. […] If you are in general good health and become infected with H1N1, you may not need to see a healthcare provider. Most people who become infected with swine flu can endure symptoms of H1N1 and recover without complications. […] While the H1N1 virus still exists today, it is under control. The annual vaccine protects against the H1N1 virus and other strains of the flu most common for the flu season it is given.

• #2 H1N1 influenza (Swine flu) – UF Health

  https://ufhealth.org/conditions-and-treatments/h1n1-influenza-swine-flu

  The H1N1 virus (swine flu) is an infection of the nose, throat, and lungs. It is caused by the H1N1 influenza virus. […] The H1N1 virus is now considered a regular flu virus. It is one of the three viruses included in the regular (seasonal) flu vaccine. […] You cannot get H1N1 flu virus from eating pork or any other food, drinking water, swimming in pools, or using hot tubs or saunas. […] Any flu virus can spread from person to person when: […] Symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of H1N1 influenza are similar to that for the flu in general.

• #3 H1N1 Influenza (Nursing) – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK568734/

  Prevention of human to human transmission: The main route of swine flu virus spread between humans is exposure to the virus when someone infected sneezes or coughs, and the virus enters one of the potential mucous surfaces, or when a person touched something infected with the virus and subsequently touch their nose, mouth, and surrounding areas. Swine flu is most contagious in the first 5 days of illness in most people, although this may increase in children and the elderly. Current CDC recommendations to prevent the spread of virus include frequent hand washing with soap and water or alcohol-based sanitizers, and also disinfecting household, hospital and public settings by cleaning with a diluted bleach solution. Anyone who resides in an area where the disease is prevalent and suspects an infection or presents with flu-like symptoms, should stay away from work and public transportation and immediately see a doctor.

• #4 Swine Flu (H1N1): Vaccine, Treatment & Prevention Options | Max Hospital

  https://www.maxhealthcare.in/blogs/how-to-protect-from-swine-flu

  Swine flu is a respiratory infection caused by a virus which usually infects pigs. The virus is highly contagious and can survive in the environment for days. […] Swine flu is transmitted from person to person by inhalation or ingestion of droplets containing virus from people sneezing or coughing; it is not transmitted by eating cooked pork products. […] The flu vaccine is the best protection against the flu. If you get the flu vaccine, you are 60% less likely to need treatment for the flu. […] Getting the vaccine has been shown to offer substantial benefits including reducing illness, antibiotic use, time lost from work, hospitalisations, and deaths. […] It takes about two weeks after vaccination for antibodies to develop in the body and provide protection against influenza virus infection.

• #5 H1N1 influenza (Swine flu) – UF Health

  https://ufhealth.org/conditions-and-treatments/h1n1-influenza-swine-flu

  The H1N1 virus (swine flu) is an infection of the nose, throat, and lungs. It is caused by the H1N1 influenza virus. […] The H1N1 virus is now considered a regular flu virus. It is one of the three viruses included in the regular (seasonal) flu vaccine. […] You cannot get H1N1 flu virus from eating pork or any other food, drinking water, swimming in pools, or using hot tubs or saunas. […] Any flu virus can spread from person to person when: […] Symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of H1N1 influenza are similar to that for the flu in general.

• #6 H1N1 Influenza (Swine Flu) – Washington County Health Department

  https://washcohealth.org/h1n1-influenza-swine-flu/

  Swine influenza has not been shown to be transmissible to people through eating properly handled and prepared pork (pig meat) or other products derived from pigs. […] Anyone who is at high risk of serious flu complications planning to attend a setting where pigs will be present should avoid pigs and swine barns. […] Dont take food or drink into pig areas; dont eat, drink or put anything in your mouth in pig areas. […] Avoid close contact with pigs that look or act ill. […] Wash your hands often with soap and running water before and after exposure to pigs. If soap and water are not available, use an alcohol-based hand rub. […] Avoid contact with pigs if you have flu symptoms. Wait to have contact with pigs until 7 days after your illness started or until you have been without fever for 24 hours without the use of fever-reducing medications, whichever is longer. If you must have contact with pigs while you are sick, take the protective actions listed above.

• #7 Factsheet on swine influenza in humans and pigs

  https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/swine-influenza/factsheet

  There are sporadic reports of human infections with swine influenza viruses, mainly in people who had direct contact with infected pigs. […] Since swine influenza is not a foodborne illness, it is highly unlikely for humans to contract swine influenza through eating pork, as influenza viruses are often only found in pigs’ respiratory tracts and cannot be found in their meat. Transmission occurs through aerosol and close contact with infected pigs as well as through a contaminated environment. […] Swine influenza is among the 10 priority zoonotic diseases for which surveillance strategies have been proposed by EFSA.

• #8 H1N1 flu (swine flu) – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/swine-flu/symptoms-causes/syc-20378103

  The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends annual flu vaccination for everyone age 6 months or older. The H1N1 virus is included in the seasonal flu vaccine. […] The flu vaccine can lower your risk of getting the flu. It also can lower the risk of having serious illness from the flu and needing to stay in the hospital. […] Each year’s seasonal flu vaccine protects against the three or four influenza viruses. These are the viruses expected to be the most common during that year’s flu season. […] Flu vaccination is especially important because the flu and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cause similar symptoms. […] Both COVID-19 and the flu may be spreading at the same time. Vaccination is the best way to protect against both. Flu vaccination could lessen symptoms that might be confused with those caused by COVID-19.

• #9

  https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/influenza-(seasonal)

  Vaccination is the best way to prevent influenza. […] Safe and effective vaccines have been used for more than 60 years. Immunity from vaccination goes away over time so annual vaccination is recommended to protect against influenza. […] Vaccination is especially important for people at high risk of influenza complications and their carers. […] Annual vaccination is recommended for: pregnant women, children aged 6 months to 5 years, people over age 65, people with chronic medical conditions, health workers. […] Other ways to prevent influenza: wash and dry your hands regularly, cover your mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing, dispose of tissues correctly, stay home when feeling unwell, avoid close contact with sick people, avoid touching your eyes, nose or mouth.

• #10 H1N1 Flu Virus (Swine Flu): Symptoms, Causes, Tests, and Treatments

  https://www.webmd.com/cold-and-flu/h1n1-flu-virus-swine-flu

  While swine flu isn’t as scary as it seemed a few years ago, it’s still important to protect yourself from getting it. […] The best bet is to get a flu vaccine, or flu shot, every year. Swine flu is one of the viruses included in the vaccine. […] Besides a flu shot, there are other things you can do to stay healthy: Wash your hands throughout the day with soap and water. Sing the „Happy Birthday” song twice to make sure you’ve washed long enough. Or use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer. […] Don’t touch your eyes, nose, or mouth. […] Avoid people who are sick.

• #11 H1N1 flu (swine flu) – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/swine-flu/symptoms-causes/syc-20378103

  The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends annual flu vaccination for everyone age 6 months or older. The H1N1 virus is included in the seasonal flu vaccine. […] The flu vaccine can lower your risk of getting the flu. It also can lower the risk of having serious illness from the flu and needing to stay in the hospital. […] Each year’s seasonal flu vaccine protects against the three or four influenza viruses. These are the viruses expected to be the most common during that year’s flu season. […] Flu vaccination is especially important because the flu and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cause similar symptoms. […] Both COVID-19 and the flu may be spreading at the same time. Vaccination is the best way to protect against both. Flu vaccination could lessen symptoms that might be confused with those caused by COVID-19.

• #12 H1N1 Influenza (Swine Flu) Medication: Antiviral Agent, Vaccines

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1807048-medication

  Reserve antiviral chemoprophylaxis for persons at higher risk for influenza-related complications who have had contact with someone likely to have been infected with influenza. […] Pre-exposure prophylaxis can be considered in the following persons: Any health care provider who is at high risk for complications (eg, persons with chronic medical conditions, adults 65 y, pregnant women). […] This analysis reaffirms the importance of prevention (ie, vaccination of pregnant women regardless of trimester) and prompt treatment with a neuraminidase inhibitor (ie, within 2 d of symptom onset) if influenza occurs during pregnancy. […] A systematic review and meta-analysis has reported on the immunogenicity and safety of the 2009 influenza A (H1N1) vaccine. […] All persons aged 6 months or older should receive influenza vaccine annually.

• #13

  https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/influenza-(seasonal)

  Vaccination is the best way to prevent influenza. […] Safe and effective vaccines have been used for more than 60 years. Immunity from vaccination goes away over time so annual vaccination is recommended to protect against influenza. […] Vaccination is especially important for people at high risk of influenza complications and their carers. […] Annual vaccination is recommended for: pregnant women, children aged 6 months to 5 years, people over age 65, people with chronic medical conditions, health workers. […] Other ways to prevent influenza: wash and dry your hands regularly, cover your mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing, dispose of tissues correctly, stay home when feeling unwell, avoid close contact with sick people, avoid touching your eyes, nose or mouth.

• #14 Swine Flu (H1N1) Explained: Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention

  https://www.artemishospitals.com/blog/articles-by-doctors/swine-flu-h1n1-explained-symptoms-treatment-and-prevention

  Get Vaccinated […] The most effective way to prevent swine flu (H1N1) is by getting the H1N1 flu vaccine. The vaccine is often included in the seasonal flu shot and protects against the H1N1 virus, along with other strains of influenza. Getting vaccinated is especially important for: […] Annual flu vaccination is recommended because the influenza virus can mutate, and the vaccine is updated each year to provide protection against the most current strains. […] Practice Good Hand Hygiene […] Frequent handwashing is one of the most important measures in preventing the spread of the H1N1 virus. Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water for at least 20 seconds, especially: […] If soap and water are unavailable, use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer with at least 60% alcohol. […] Avoid Close Contact with Infected Individuals

• #15 Swine Flu (H1N1) Explained: Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention

  https://www.artemishospitals.com/blog/articles-by-doctors/swine-flu-h1n1-explained-symptoms-treatment-and-prevention

  Get Vaccinated […] The most effective way to prevent swine flu (H1N1) is by getting the H1N1 flu vaccine. The vaccine is often included in the seasonal flu shot and protects against the H1N1 virus, along with other strains of influenza. Getting vaccinated is especially important for: […] Annual flu vaccination is recommended because the influenza virus can mutate, and the vaccine is updated each year to provide protection against the most current strains. […] Practice Good Hand Hygiene […] Frequent handwashing is one of the most important measures in preventing the spread of the H1N1 virus. Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water for at least 20 seconds, especially: […] If soap and water are unavailable, use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer with at least 60% alcohol. […] Avoid Close Contact with Infected Individuals

• #16 Swine Flu (H1N1): Vaccine, Treatment & Prevention Options | Max Hospital

  https://www.maxhealthcare.in/blogs/how-to-protect-from-swine-flu

  Every year everyone who is 6 months of age and older should get the flu vaccine as every year the strain of virus changes. […] Prevention is always better. You can do the following things to avoid falling prey to the disease: Maintain hygiene in and outside your house. Always cover your nose and mouth with a tissue when you cough or sneeze. People may also wear a mask. Wash your hands frequently with soap and water or alcohol-based hand rubs especially after you a cough or sneeze. Avoid touching your face this will help prevent a spread of germs. Avoid close contact with sick people, if you are sick then abstain from work or school and do not remain for long in crowded places. […] Oseltamivir should not be used in place of getting a yearly flu shot. The Centers for Disease Control recommends an annual flu shot to help protect you each year from new strains of influenza virus.

• #17 Swine Flu (H1N1): Vaccine, Treatment & Prevention Options | Max Hospital

  https://www.maxhealthcare.in/blogs/how-to-protect-from-swine-flu

  Swine flu is a respiratory infection caused by a virus which usually infects pigs. The virus is highly contagious and can survive in the environment for days. […] Swine flu is transmitted from person to person by inhalation or ingestion of droplets containing virus from people sneezing or coughing; it is not transmitted by eating cooked pork products. […] The flu vaccine is the best protection against the flu. If you get the flu vaccine, you are 60% less likely to need treatment for the flu. […] Getting the vaccine has been shown to offer substantial benefits including reducing illness, antibiotic use, time lost from work, hospitalisations, and deaths. […] It takes about two weeks after vaccination for antibodies to develop in the body and provide protection against influenza virus infection.

• #18 H1N1 Influenza (Nursing) – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK568734/

  The best-known prevention method against swine flu is getting the H1N1 swine flu vaccine. In September 2009, the FDA permitted the new swine flu vaccine, and various studies by the National Institute of Health (NIH) showed that a single dose was enough to create sufficient antibodies to protect against the virus within 10 days. The vaccination is contraindicated in people who had a previous severe allergic reaction to the influenza vaccination. Those who are moderate to severely ill, including those with or without a fever, should take the vaccination when they recover or are asymptomatic. […] Encourage patient to get vaccinated. […] The management for infected patients depends on the severity of symptoms of influenza, mild to moderate influenza can be treated at home with rest, oral hydration and symptomatic treatment with antipyretics like paracetamol, antihistaminic for nasal congestion and rhinitis and NSAIDS or Paracetamol for headaches and body aches.

• #19 Swine Flu (H1N1): What Is It, Causes, Treatments & Prevention

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/23928-swine-flu-h1n1

  Ways to prevent getting and spreading swine flu (H1N1) include: […] Cover your nose and mouth with a tissue when you sneeze or cough. […] If you dont have a tissue, sneeze or cough into your elbow. […] Wash your hands with soap and water. […] Dont touch your eyes, nose or mouth. […] Avoid people who are sick. […] Stay home if you’re sick. […] Dont share personal items such as cups, straws and utensils.

• #20 H1N1 flu (swine flu) – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/swine-flu/symptoms-causes/syc-20378103

  Vaccination also helps lower the number of people with severe flu and complications. And that may lower the number of people needing to stay in the hospital. […] The flu vaccine is available as an injection and as a nasal spray. […] These measures also help prevent the flu and limit its spread: […] Wash your hands often. If available, use soap and water, washing for at least 20 seconds. Or use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer that has at least 60% alcohol. […] Cover your coughs and sneezes. Cough or sneeze into a tissue or your elbow. Then wash your hands. […] Avoid touching your face. Avoid touching your eyes, nose and mouth. […] Clean and disinfect surfaces. Regularly clean often-touched surfaces to prevent spread of infection from a surface with the virus on it to your body. […] Avoid contact with the virus. Try to avoid people who are sick or have symptoms of flu. And if you have symptoms, stay home if you can. When flu is spreading, consider keeping distance between yourself and others while indoors, especially in areas with poor air flow. If you’re at high risk of complications from the flu consider avoiding swine barns at seasonal fairs and elsewhere.

• #21 H1N1 Flu | H1N1 | Swine Flu | MedlinePlus

  https://medlineplus.gov/h1n1fluswineflu.html

  Swine flu is an infection caused by a virus. It’s named for a virus that pigs can get. People do not normally get swine flu, but human infections can and do happen. In 2009 a strain of swine flu called H1N1 infected many people around the world. […] The virus is contagious and can spread from human to human. Symptoms of swine flu in people are similar to the symptoms of regular human flu and include fever, cough, sore throat, body aches, headache, chills and fatigue. […] There are antiviral medicines you can take to prevent or treat swine flu. There is a vaccine available to protect against swine flu. You can help prevent the spread of germs that cause respiratory illnesses like influenza by: […] Covering your nose and mouth with a tissue when you cough or sneeze. Throw the tissue in the trash after you use it.

• #22 H1N1 Flu – Q and As

  http://www.idph.state.il.us/swine_flu/sf_qa.htm

  What is the best way to keep from spreading the virus through coughing or sneezing? If you are sick, limit your contact with other people as much as possible. Do not go to work or school if ill. Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue when coughing or sneezing. It may prevent those around you from getting sick. Put your used tissue in the waste basket. Cover your cough or sneeze if you do not have a tissue. Then, clean your hands, and do so every time you cough or sneeze. […] What is the best technique for washing my hands to avoid getting the flu? Washing your hands often will help protect you from germs. Wash with soap and water or clean with alcohol-based hand cleaner. We recommend that when you wash your hands — with soap and warm water — that you wash for 15 to 20 seconds. When soap and water are not available, alcohol-based disposable hand wipes or gel sanitizers may be used. You can find them in most supermarkets and drugstores. If using gel, rub your hands until the gel is dry. The gel doesn’t need water to work; the alcohol in it kills the germs on your hands.

• #23 Swine Flu (H1N1) Explained: Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention

  https://www.artemishospitals.com/blog/articles-by-doctors/swine-flu-h1n1-explained-symptoms-treatment-and-prevention

  Get Vaccinated […] The most effective way to prevent swine flu (H1N1) is by getting the H1N1 flu vaccine. The vaccine is often included in the seasonal flu shot and protects against the H1N1 virus, along with other strains of influenza. Getting vaccinated is especially important for: […] Annual flu vaccination is recommended because the influenza virus can mutate, and the vaccine is updated each year to provide protection against the most current strains. […] Practice Good Hand Hygiene […] Frequent handwashing is one of the most important measures in preventing the spread of the H1N1 virus. Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water for at least 20 seconds, especially: […] If soap and water are unavailable, use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer with at least 60% alcohol. […] Avoid Close Contact with Infected Individuals

• #24 Swine Flu (H1N1): What Is It, Causes, Treatments & Prevention

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/23928-swine-flu-h1n1

  Ways to prevent getting and spreading swine flu (H1N1) include: […] Cover your nose and mouth with a tissue when you sneeze or cough. […] If you dont have a tissue, sneeze or cough into your elbow. […] Wash your hands with soap and water. […] Dont touch your eyes, nose or mouth. […] Avoid people who are sick. […] Stay home if you’re sick. […] Dont share personal items such as cups, straws and utensils.

• #25 H1N1 Flu | H1N1 | Swine Flu | MedlinePlus

  https://medlineplus.gov/h1n1fluswineflu.html

  Swine flu is an infection caused by a virus. It’s named for a virus that pigs can get. People do not normally get swine flu, but human infections can and do happen. In 2009 a strain of swine flu called H1N1 infected many people around the world. […] The virus is contagious and can spread from human to human. Symptoms of swine flu in people are similar to the symptoms of regular human flu and include fever, cough, sore throat, body aches, headache, chills and fatigue. […] There are antiviral medicines you can take to prevent or treat swine flu. There is a vaccine available to protect against swine flu. You can help prevent the spread of germs that cause respiratory illnesses like influenza by: […] Covering your nose and mouth with a tissue when you cough or sneeze. Throw the tissue in the trash after you use it.

• #26 Swine Flu (H1N1) Explained: Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention

  https://www.artemishospitals.com/blog/articles-by-doctors/swine-flu-h1n1-explained-symptoms-treatment-and-prevention

  Swine flu is highly contagious and can spread through respiratory droplets when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks. To minimize your risk: […] Cover Your Mouth and Nose […] When coughing or sneezing, always cover your mouth and nose with a tissue or the crook of your elbow to prevent respiratory droplets from spreading. […] Disinfect Frequently-Touched Surfaces […] The H1N1 virus can survive on surfaces for several hours, so cleaning and disinfecting high-touch areas such as: […] Using a disinfectant that kills viruses is essential, particularly during flu season or when someone in the household is sick. […] Avoid Touching Your Face […] The H1N1 virus can enter your body through your eyes, nose, or mouth. Try to avoid touching your face, especially if your hands have been in contact with potentially contaminated surfaces.

• #27 Swine Flu (H1N1): What Is It, Causes, Treatments & Prevention

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/23928-swine-flu-h1n1

  Ways to prevent getting and spreading swine flu (H1N1) include: […] Cover your nose and mouth with a tissue when you sneeze or cough. […] If you dont have a tissue, sneeze or cough into your elbow. […] Wash your hands with soap and water. […] Dont touch your eyes, nose or mouth. […] Avoid people who are sick. […] Stay home if you’re sick. […] Dont share personal items such as cups, straws and utensils.

• #28 Swine Flu (H1N1) Explained: Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention

  https://www.artemishospitals.com/blog/articles-by-doctors/swine-flu-h1n1-explained-symptoms-treatment-and-prevention

  Swine flu is highly contagious and can spread through respiratory droplets when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks. To minimize your risk: […] Cover Your Mouth and Nose […] When coughing or sneezing, always cover your mouth and nose with a tissue or the crook of your elbow to prevent respiratory droplets from spreading. […] Disinfect Frequently-Touched Surfaces […] The H1N1 virus can survive on surfaces for several hours, so cleaning and disinfecting high-touch areas such as: […] Using a disinfectant that kills viruses is essential, particularly during flu season or when someone in the household is sick. […] Avoid Touching Your Face […] The H1N1 virus can enter your body through your eyes, nose, or mouth. Try to avoid touching your face, especially if your hands have been in contact with potentially contaminated surfaces.

• #29 Swine Flu (H1N1): What Is It, Causes, Treatments & Prevention

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/23928-swine-flu-h1n1

  Ways to prevent getting and spreading swine flu (H1N1) include: […] Cover your nose and mouth with a tissue when you sneeze or cough. […] If you dont have a tissue, sneeze or cough into your elbow. […] Wash your hands with soap and water. […] Dont touch your eyes, nose or mouth. […] Avoid people who are sick. […] Stay home if you’re sick. […] Dont share personal items such as cups, straws and utensils.

• #30 Swine Flu (H1N1): Symptoms, Causes and Treatment | Max Hospital

  https://www.maxhealthcare.in/blogs/swine-flu-symptoms-causes-and-treatment

  Use alcohol-based sanitisers when soap is not available. […] Avoid touching the face, especially the eyes, nose, and mouth, as viruses can enter the body this way. […] Respiratory droplets are the primary way swine flu spreads. To prevent this: Cover the mouth and nose with a tissue or elbow when coughing or sneezing. […] Dispose of used tissues immediately and wash hands afterward. […] Avoid close contact with people who show flu-like symptoms. […] A strong immune system helps the body fight infections more effectively. Eating a balanced diet rich in vitamins, staying hydrated, exercising regularly, and getting enough sleep can strengthen immunity. […] Swine flu spreads easily in crowded areas. During flu season, limit time in enclosed spaces with large groups, especially if cases are rising in the community. […] Resting at home when experiencing flu symptoms prevents the spread of infection. Seeking medical advice early can also help manage symptoms and prevent complications.

• #31

  https://journals.lww.com/lungindia/fulltext/2011/28010/an_insight_into_the_swine_influenza_a__h1n1__virus.9.aspx

  Influenza spreads between humans through coughing or sneezing and people touching something with the virus on it and then touching their own nose or mouth. This virus is not transmitted through food. In humans it is most contagious during the first 5 days of the illness although some people, most commonly children, can remain contagious for up to 10 days. […] Recommendations to prevent spread of the virus among humans include using standard infection control against influenza. This includes frequent washing of hands with soap and water or with alcohol-based hand sanitizers, especially after being out in public. […] Experts agree that hand-washing can help prevent viral infections, including ordinary influenza and the swine flu virus. […] Social distancing is another tactic. It means staying away from other people who might be infected and can include avoiding large gatherings, spreading out a little at work, or perhaps staying home and lying low if an infection is spreading in a community.

• #32 H1N1 Influenza (Swine Flu) Treatment & Management: Medical Care, Prevention

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1807048-treatment

  The CDC has issued interim recommendations for controlling the spread of H1N1 influenza in health care settings. Recommended measures for care of patients with suspected or confirmed H1N1 influenza include the following: Place patients in a single-patient room with the door kept closed. […] As per previous recommendations regarding mask and respirator use during influenza pandemics, personnel engaged in aerosol-generating activities should wear a fit-tested disposable N95 respirator. […] The 2009 influenza A (H1N1) monovalent vaccine was released in mid October. The immunization series consisted of 2 doses for children younger than 10 years, consisting of an initial dose and a booster to be administered several weeks later. Adults and children 10 years and older received a single dose. Targeted populations recommended to receive the 2009 H1N1 vaccine included pregnant women, household contacts and caregivers of children younger than 6 months, healthcare and emergency medical services personnel, children aged 6 months to 18 years, young adults aged 19-24 years, and persons aged 25 through 64 years with conditions associated with higher risk of medical complications from influenza. […] A 2011 CDC analysis reaffirms the importance of vaccinating pregnant women regardless of trimester and prompt treatment with a neuraminidase inhibitor if influenza occurs during pregnancy.

• #33 H1N1 Flu – Health Care Providers

  http://www.idph.state.il.us/swine_flu/sf_healthcare_dental.htm

  The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention provides important and up-to-date information to the public and health care providers on the recent outbreak of swine influenza in humans. […] The primary infection control goal is to prevent transmission of disease. Early detection of a suspected or confirmed case of swine influenza and prompt isolation from susceptible persons will reduce the risk of transmission. […] To prevent the transmission of respiratory infections in healthcare settings, including influenza, respiratory hygiene/cough etiquette infection control measures should be implemented at the first point of contact with a potentially infected person. […] Patients with an acute respiratory illness should identified at check-in and be placed in a single-patient room with the door kept closed.

• #34 H1N1 Flu – Health Care Providers

  http://www.idph.state.il.us/swine_flu/sf_healthcare_dental.htm

  Offer a disposable surgical mask to persons who are coughing or provide tissues and no-touch receptacles for used tissue disposal. […] Dental Healthcare Personnel assessing a patient with influenza like illness should wear disposable surgical facemask, non-sterile gloves, gown, and eye protection (e.g., goggles) to prevent direct skin and conjunctival exposure. […] Patient and dental healthcare workers should perform hand hygiene (e.g., hand washing with non-antimicrobial soap and water, alcohol-based hand rub, or antiseptic handwash) after having contact with respiratory secretions and contaminated objects/materials. […] Routine cleaning and disinfection strategies used during influenza seasons can be applied to the environmental management of swine influenza. […] If the dentist suspects the illness could be due to swine influenza (symptoms include fever, body aches, runny nose, sore throat, nausea, or vomiting or diarrhea) elective dental treatment should be deferred and the patient should be advised to contact their general health care provider.

• #35 H1N1 Flu – Health Care Providers

  http://www.idph.state.il.us/swine_flu/sf_healthcare_dental.htm

  If urgent dental care is required and swine flu has either been confirmed or is suspected, the care should be provided in a facility (e.g., hospital with dental care capabilities) that provides airborne infection isolation. […] Personnel providing direct patient care for suspected or confirmed swine influenza A (H1N1) cases should wear a fit-tested disposable N95 respirator when entering the patient room and when performing dental procedures. […] Staff experiencing influenza-like-illness (ILI) (fever with either cough or sore throat, muscle aches) should not report to work. […] Staff who were not using appropriate personal protective equipment during close contact with a confirmed, probable, or suspect case of swine influenza A (H1N1) virus infection during the cases infectious period should receive chemoprophylaxis according to CDC guidance. […] Respiratory hygiene/cough etiquette infection control measures along with contact precautions are currently recommended for preventing transmission of swine influenza in a dental healthcare setting.

• #36 Take Action to Prevent the Spread of Flu Between Pigs and People Prevention | Swine Flu | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/swine-flu/prevention/index.html

  People at increased risk for severe influenza complications should avoid exposure to pigs. […] Don’t eat, drink or put anything in your mouth in areas with pigs. […] Wash your hands with soap and running water before and after exposure to pigs outside or inside a swine barn. If soap and water are not available, use an alcohol-based hand rub. […] To further reduce the risk of infection, avoid or minimize contact with pigs in the pig barns and show arenas. […] Where possible, avoid direct contact with pigs that are known or suspected to be sick. […] Avoid contact with pigs if you have flu symptoms. […] Like everyone else, people who care for pigs should get a seasonal flu vaccine every flu season. […] Anyone who is at higher risk of serious flu complications who plans to attend an event or setting where pigs will be present, such as an agricultural fair, should avoid pigs and swine barns.

• #37 Health: Infectious Disease Epidemiology & Prevention Division: Swine Influenza

  https://www.in.gov/health/idepd/respiratory-disease/influenza/swine-influenza/

  Swine flu is a respiratory disease of pigs caused by type A influenza viruses. […] The best way to protect yourself from infection with swine flu is to understand your risk for exposure and take proper precautions when having contact with pigs or their environments. […] Anyone who is at higher risk of serious flu complications should avoid contact with pigs and swine barns. […] If unable to avoid exposure, wear a well-fitting mask that covers the nose and mouth (e.g., an N95 respirator or KN95 respirator if available, or if not available, a surgical mask). […] Always wash your hands with soap and running water before and after exposure to pigs. Use an alcohol-based hand rub if soap and running water are unavailable. […] IDOH recommends seasonal influenza vaccination for people working with swine. It will not prevent infection with swine flu viruses, but it can reduce the risk of coinfection with other seasonal flu viruses. […] Practice good respiratory and hand hygiene including using facial tissues to cover coughs and sneezes, disposing of contaminated tissues, and washing your hands with soap and running water.

• #38 Swine Flu: H1N1 Influenza Explained

  https://www.gideononline.com/blogs/swine-flu-h1n1-influenza-explained/

  Here are the ways to prevent swine flu: […] Avoid contact with pigs: Stay away from pigs, especially at agricultural fairs and pig barns. If you have to be in these areas, limit your exposure time. […] Avoid contaminated items: Do not consume food or drinks, and avoid using children’s toys or pacifiers in areas where pigs are present. […] Avoid sick pigs: Stay away from pigs that appear unwell to minimize the risk of infection. […] Avoid exposure when sick: If you have influenza-like symptoms or are sick with the flu, avoid contact with pigs to prevent the virus from spreading. […] Wear protective gear: If exposure to pigs is unavoidable, wear protective clothing, gloves, and masks (such as N95, KN95, or surgical masks) to reduce the risk of infection. […] Practice good hygiene: Wash your hands frequently with soap and water, or use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer.

• #39 Take Action to Prevent the Spread of Flu Between Pigs and People Prevention | Swine Flu | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/swine-flu/prevention/index.html

  If people at higher risk cannot avoid exposure to pigs, they should wear a well-fitting mask that covers the nose and mouth to reduce the risk of exposure to influenza viruses from pigs. […] People at higher risk of serious flu complications who develop flu symptoms should call a health care provider.

• #40 Interim Guidance for Clinicians on Human Infections with Variant Influenza Viruses | Swine Flu | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/swine-flu/php/guidance/human-infections-variant-influenza-viruses.html

  People who are at higher risk for serious influenza complications, including young children, are not routinely recommended for antiviral chemoprophylaxis. […] These people should avoid exposure to swine and to ill people with swine exposure. […] If exposure to swine cannot be avoided, people at higher risk for serious influenza complications should consider wearing appropriate personal protective equipment.

• #41 H1N1 Influenza (Swine Flu) Medication: Antiviral Agent, Vaccines

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1807048-medication

  WHO guidelines recommend treating serious cases immediately. […] Prompt initiation of antiviral agents within 48 hours of symptom onset is imperative for providing treatment efficacy against influenza virus. […] Prophylaxis with antiviral agents should also be considered in the following individuals (pre-exposure or postexposure): Close household contacts of a confirmed or suspected case who are at high risk for complications (eg, chronic medical conditions, persons 65 y or 5 y, pregnant women). […] In September 2009, the CDC updated recommendations concerning the use of antiviral medications for prevention because of reported oseltamivir resistance; antivirals should not be used for postexposure chemoprophylaxis in healthy children or adults to manage outbreaks in the community, school, camp, or other settings.

• #42 Swine Flu (H1N1, H3N2v) Symptoms, Vaccine, Treatment, Contagious

  https://www.emedicinehealth.com/swine_flu/article_em.htm

  Simple measures have been shown to reduce the risk of transmission of influenza. These include frequent hand washing with soap and water or disinfection with alcohol. People should try to avoid touching their faces or mucous membranes. The influenza virus can live about two hours on surfaces that become contaminated. During coughs and sneezes, the mouth should be covered with a tissue or a sleeve. In areas with large numbers of cases, it is best to minimize nonessential exposure to crowds. Sick people should stay home whenever possible. […] Rarely, if a person has been exposed to a confirmed case of any type of swine influenza, a physician may recommend a course of medications to reduce the risk of disease. This is called „prophylaxis” and is usually reserved for people at very high risk for complications, such as pregnant women. The CDC has issued guidelines for prophylaxis in special circumstances.

• #43 Swine Flu (H1N!): Pandemic, Vaccine, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Contagious

  https://www.medicinenet.com/swine_flu/article.htm

  Although vaccination is the best way to prevent the swine flu, there may be times in the future when the swine flu vaccine may not be available. […] The use of Tamiflu, Relenza, or other antivirals may help prevent the flu if taken before symptoms develop or reduce symptoms if taken within about 48 hours after symptoms develop. […] These six steps can help prevent individuals from getting H1N1 and other types of infection, but for many people, adherence to them may be difficult at best. […] In summary, if H1N1 or other viruses fail to contact cells they can infect, the disease will be prevented.

• #44 H1N1 Influenza (Swine Flu) Medication: Antiviral Agent, Vaccines

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1807048-medication

  WHO guidelines recommend treating serious cases immediately. […] Prompt initiation of antiviral agents within 48 hours of symptom onset is imperative for providing treatment efficacy against influenza virus. […] Prophylaxis with antiviral agents should also be considered in the following individuals (pre-exposure or postexposure): Close household contacts of a confirmed or suspected case who are at high risk for complications (eg, chronic medical conditions, persons 65 y or 5 y, pregnant women). […] In September 2009, the CDC updated recommendations concerning the use of antiviral medications for prevention because of reported oseltamivir resistance; antivirals should not be used for postexposure chemoprophylaxis in healthy children or adults to manage outbreaks in the community, school, camp, or other settings.

• #45 H1N1 Influenza (Swine Flu) Medication: Antiviral Agent, Vaccines

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1807048-medication

  WHO guidelines recommend treating serious cases immediately. […] Prompt initiation of antiviral agents within 48 hours of symptom onset is imperative for providing treatment efficacy against influenza virus. […] Prophylaxis with antiviral agents should also be considered in the following individuals (pre-exposure or postexposure): Close household contacts of a confirmed or suspected case who are at high risk for complications (eg, chronic medical conditions, persons 65 y or 5 y, pregnant women). […] In September 2009, the CDC updated recommendations concerning the use of antiviral medications for prevention because of reported oseltamivir resistance; antivirals should not be used for postexposure chemoprophylaxis in healthy children or adults to manage outbreaks in the community, school, camp, or other settings.

• #46 Swine Flu (H1N!): Pandemic, Vaccine, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Contagious

  https://www.medicinenet.com/swine_flu/article.htm

  Although vaccination is the best way to prevent the swine flu, there may be times in the future when the swine flu vaccine may not be available. […] The use of Tamiflu, Relenza, or other antivirals may help prevent the flu if taken before symptoms develop or reduce symptoms if taken within about 48 hours after symptoms develop. […] These six steps can help prevent individuals from getting H1N1 and other types of infection, but for many people, adherence to them may be difficult at best. […] In summary, if H1N1 or other viruses fail to contact cells they can infect, the disease will be prevented.

• #47 Influenza pandemic (H1N1) of 2009 – Vaccines, Antivirals, Hygiene | Britannica

  https://www.britannica.com/event/influenza-pandemic-H1N1-of-2009/Treatment-and-prevention

  Treatment for H1N1 infection consists of administration of the antiviral drugs oseltamivir (Tamiflu) or zanamivir (Relenza). […] The spread of the virus can be controlled through basic sanitary practices, including washing hands, wearing face masks, and disinfecting potentially contaminated surfaces. However, the most effective method of prevention for high-risk persons, including young children, women who are pregnant, and individuals with compromised immune systems, is vaccination. […] In late 2009 two types of H1N1 vaccines were made available: one that could be injected and one that could be inhaled. […] In the postpandemic period, which began on Aug. 10, 2010, vaccination remained an important means of protection against H1N1 infection for high-risk populations, which included young children, pregnant women, and persons affected by underlying respiratory diseases or chronic illness. […] Despite the link to narcolepsy, health officials maintained that the benefits of H1N1 vaccination outweighed the risks of possible side effects.

• #48 H1N1 Influenza (Swine Flu) Medication: Antiviral Agent, Vaccines

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1807048-medication

  WHO guidelines recommend treating serious cases immediately. […] Prompt initiation of antiviral agents within 48 hours of symptom onset is imperative for providing treatment efficacy against influenza virus. […] Prophylaxis with antiviral agents should also be considered in the following individuals (pre-exposure or postexposure): Close household contacts of a confirmed or suspected case who are at high risk for complications (eg, chronic medical conditions, persons 65 y or 5 y, pregnant women). […] In September 2009, the CDC updated recommendations concerning the use of antiviral medications for prevention because of reported oseltamivir resistance; antivirals should not be used for postexposure chemoprophylaxis in healthy children or adults to manage outbreaks in the community, school, camp, or other settings.

• #49 H1N1 Influenza (Swine Flu) Medication: Antiviral Agent, Vaccines

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1807048-medication

  Reserve antiviral chemoprophylaxis for persons at higher risk for influenza-related complications who have had contact with someone likely to have been infected with influenza. […] Pre-exposure prophylaxis can be considered in the following persons: Any health care provider who is at high risk for complications (eg, persons with chronic medical conditions, adults 65 y, pregnant women). […] This analysis reaffirms the importance of prevention (ie, vaccination of pregnant women regardless of trimester) and prompt treatment with a neuraminidase inhibitor (ie, within 2 d of symptom onset) if influenza occurs during pregnancy. […] A systematic review and meta-analysis has reported on the immunogenicity and safety of the 2009 influenza A (H1N1) vaccine. […] All persons aged 6 months or older should receive influenza vaccine annually.

• #50 H1N1 Influenza (Nursing) – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK568734/

  Prevention of human to human transmission: The main route of swine flu virus spread between humans is exposure to the virus when someone infected sneezes or coughs, and the virus enters one of the potential mucous surfaces, or when a person touched something infected with the virus and subsequently touch their nose, mouth, and surrounding areas. Swine flu is most contagious in the first 5 days of illness in most people, although this may increase in children and the elderly. Current CDC recommendations to prevent the spread of virus include frequent hand washing with soap and water or alcohol-based sanitizers, and also disinfecting household, hospital and public settings by cleaning with a diluted bleach solution. Anyone who resides in an area where the disease is prevalent and suspects an infection or presents with flu-like symptoms, should stay away from work and public transportation and immediately see a doctor.

• #51 Swine Flu (H1N1) Explained: Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention

  https://www.artemishospitals.com/blog/articles-by-doctors/swine-flu-h1n1-explained-symptoms-treatment-and-prevention

  Swine flu is highly contagious and can spread through respiratory droplets when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks. To minimize your risk: […] Cover Your Mouth and Nose […] When coughing or sneezing, always cover your mouth and nose with a tissue or the crook of your elbow to prevent respiratory droplets from spreading. […] Disinfect Frequently-Touched Surfaces […] The H1N1 virus can survive on surfaces for several hours, so cleaning and disinfecting high-touch areas such as: […] Using a disinfectant that kills viruses is essential, particularly during flu season or when someone in the household is sick. […] Avoid Touching Your Face […] The H1N1 virus can enter your body through your eyes, nose, or mouth. Try to avoid touching your face, especially if your hands have been in contact with potentially contaminated surfaces.

• #52 H1N1 flu (swine flu) – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/swine-flu/symptoms-causes/syc-20378103

  Vaccination also helps lower the number of people with severe flu and complications. And that may lower the number of people needing to stay in the hospital. […] The flu vaccine is available as an injection and as a nasal spray. […] These measures also help prevent the flu and limit its spread: […] Wash your hands often. If available, use soap and water, washing for at least 20 seconds. Or use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer that has at least 60% alcohol. […] Cover your coughs and sneezes. Cough or sneeze into a tissue or your elbow. Then wash your hands. […] Avoid touching your face. Avoid touching your eyes, nose and mouth. […] Clean and disinfect surfaces. Regularly clean often-touched surfaces to prevent spread of infection from a surface with the virus on it to your body. […] Avoid contact with the virus. Try to avoid people who are sick or have symptoms of flu. And if you have symptoms, stay home if you can. When flu is spreading, consider keeping distance between yourself and others while indoors, especially in areas with poor air flow. If you’re at high risk of complications from the flu consider avoiding swine barns at seasonal fairs and elsewhere.

• #53 Centre for Health Protection – Mitigation Phase: Health Advice for Prevention of Human Swine Influenza

  https://www.chp.gov.hk/en/resources/e_health_topics/2683.html

  Mitigation Phase Health Advice for Prevention of Human Swine Influenza […] How to prevent human swine influenza? Wash hands frequently with soap and water or apply alcohol handrub. Avoid touching the mouth, nose and eyes. Cover nose and mouth when sneezing or coughing. Maintain good ventilation. Avoid visiting crowded or poorly-ventilated places. If you must do so, minimise the duration of stay, and consider putting on a mask if you are at risk of influenza related complications. […] To protect yourself, observe and remind other family members to step up personal hygiene practices. Maintain household and environmental hygiene by cleaning with diluted bleach, especially in areas where the patient stay, to prevent disease spread. When coming into contact with the patient, wash hands before and after contact, wear a face mask, and avoid face-to-face contact with the patient to prevent catching the disease through coughs and sneezes. […] These recommendations are based on existing information on human swine influenza and the local epidemic situation. They may be updated when new information becomes available.

• #54 Interim Guidance for Clinicians on Human Infections with Variant Influenza Viruses | Swine Flu | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/swine-flu/php/guidance/human-infections-variant-influenza-viruses.html

  People who are at higher risk for serious influenza complications, including young children, are not routinely recommended for antiviral chemoprophylaxis. […] These people should avoid exposure to swine and to ill people with swine exposure. […] If exposure to swine cannot be avoided, people at higher risk for serious influenza complications should consider wearing appropriate personal protective equipment.

• #55 Take Action to Prevent the Spread of Flu Between Pigs and People Prevention | Swine Flu | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/swine-flu/prevention/index.html

  People at increased risk for severe influenza complications should avoid exposure to pigs. […] Don’t eat, drink or put anything in your mouth in areas with pigs. […] Wash your hands with soap and running water before and after exposure to pigs outside or inside a swine barn. If soap and water are not available, use an alcohol-based hand rub. […] To further reduce the risk of infection, avoid or minimize contact with pigs in the pig barns and show arenas. […] Where possible, avoid direct contact with pigs that are known or suspected to be sick. […] Avoid contact with pigs if you have flu symptoms. […] Like everyone else, people who care for pigs should get a seasonal flu vaccine every flu season. […] Anyone who is at higher risk of serious flu complications who plans to attend an event or setting where pigs will be present, such as an agricultural fair, should avoid pigs and swine barns.

• #56 Take Action to Prevent the Spread of Flu Between Pigs and People Prevention | Swine Flu | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/swine-flu/prevention/index.html

  If people at higher risk cannot avoid exposure to pigs, they should wear a well-fitting mask that covers the nose and mouth to reduce the risk of exposure to influenza viruses from pigs. […] People at higher risk of serious flu complications who develop flu symptoms should call a health care provider.

• #57 Influenza pandemic (H1N1) of 2009 – Vaccines, Antivirals, Hygiene | Britannica

  https://www.britannica.com/event/influenza-pandemic-H1N1-of-2009/Treatment-and-prevention

  Treatment for H1N1 infection consists of administration of the antiviral drugs oseltamivir (Tamiflu) or zanamivir (Relenza). […] The spread of the virus can be controlled through basic sanitary practices, including washing hands, wearing face masks, and disinfecting potentially contaminated surfaces. However, the most effective method of prevention for high-risk persons, including young children, women who are pregnant, and individuals with compromised immune systems, is vaccination. […] In late 2009 two types of H1N1 vaccines were made available: one that could be injected and one that could be inhaled. […] In the postpandemic period, which began on Aug. 10, 2010, vaccination remained an important means of protection against H1N1 infection for high-risk populations, which included young children, pregnant women, and persons affected by underlying respiratory diseases or chronic illness. […] Despite the link to narcolepsy, health officials maintained that the benefits of H1N1 vaccination outweighed the risks of possible side effects.

• #58 Swine Flu (H1N1): Symptoms, Causes and Treatment | Max Hospital

  https://www.maxhealthcare.in/blogs/swine-flu-symptoms-causes-and-treatment

  Use alcohol-based sanitisers when soap is not available. […] Avoid touching the face, especially the eyes, nose, and mouth, as viruses can enter the body this way. […] Respiratory droplets are the primary way swine flu spreads. To prevent this: Cover the mouth and nose with a tissue or elbow when coughing or sneezing. […] Dispose of used tissues immediately and wash hands afterward. […] Avoid close contact with people who show flu-like symptoms. […] A strong immune system helps the body fight infections more effectively. Eating a balanced diet rich in vitamins, staying hydrated, exercising regularly, and getting enough sleep can strengthen immunity. […] Swine flu spreads easily in crowded areas. During flu season, limit time in enclosed spaces with large groups, especially if cases are rising in the community. […] Resting at home when experiencing flu symptoms prevents the spread of infection. Seeking medical advice early can also help manage symptoms and prevent complications.

• #59 Swine Flu (H1N1) Explained: Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention

  https://www.artemishospitals.com/blog/articles-by-doctors/swine-flu-h1n1-explained-symptoms-treatment-and-prevention

  Boost Your Immune System […] Maintaining a healthy lifestyle can help strengthen your immune system and make it easier for your body to fight off infections. Key habits to adopt include: […] Consider Wearing a Mask in High-Risk Areas […] In areas with a high risk of swine flu transmission (such as crowded public spaces or hospitals), wearing a mask can help prevent the inhalation of virus-containing droplets.

• #60 7 Effective Ways to Prevent H1N1 & Swine Flu Infection

  https://drrushidesai.com/prevent-h1n1-swine-flu/

  2. Practice Good Hand Hygiene […] Swine flu is highly contagious and spreads primarily through respiratory droplets. […] The H1N1 virus risk reduction depends largely on proper hand hygiene since it remains one of the simplest yet most effective prevention methods. […] 3. Maintain Respiratory Hygiene […] Involuntarily sneezing or coughing without a proper respiratory shield permits the transfer of influenza A virus between people. […] Proper tissue disposal together with washing your hands right away serves as an effective method to reduce H1N1 virus transmission. […] 4. Strengthen Your Immune System […] A robust immune system is one of the best defenses against the H1N1 virus and other respiratory illnesses. […] 5. Avoid Close Contact with Sick Individuals […] Swine flu spreads easily from person to person, especially in crowded areas. […] Taking standard safety measures reduces substantially the risk of catching an H1N1 virus infection.

• #61 Swine Flu (H1N1): What Is It, Causes, Treatments & Prevention

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/23928-swine-flu-h1n1

  Ways to prevent getting and spreading swine flu (H1N1) include: […] Cover your nose and mouth with a tissue when you sneeze or cough. […] If you dont have a tissue, sneeze or cough into your elbow. […] Wash your hands with soap and water. […] Dont touch your eyes, nose or mouth. […] Avoid people who are sick. […] Stay home if you’re sick. […] Dont share personal items such as cups, straws and utensils.

• #62 H1N1 flu (swine flu) – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/swine-flu/symptoms-causes/syc-20378103

  The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends annual flu vaccination for everyone age 6 months or older. The H1N1 virus is included in the seasonal flu vaccine. […] The flu vaccine can lower your risk of getting the flu. It also can lower the risk of having serious illness from the flu and needing to stay in the hospital. […] Each year’s seasonal flu vaccine protects against the three or four influenza viruses. These are the viruses expected to be the most common during that year’s flu season. […] Flu vaccination is especially important because the flu and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cause similar symptoms. […] Both COVID-19 and the flu may be spreading at the same time. Vaccination is the best way to protect against both. Flu vaccination could lessen symptoms that might be confused with those caused by COVID-19.

• #63 H1N1 Influenza (Nursing) – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK568734/

  The best-known prevention method against swine flu is getting the H1N1 swine flu vaccine. In September 2009, the FDA permitted the new swine flu vaccine, and various studies by the National Institute of Health (NIH) showed that a single dose was enough to create sufficient antibodies to protect against the virus within 10 days. The vaccination is contraindicated in people who had a previous severe allergic reaction to the influenza vaccination. Those who are moderate to severely ill, including those with or without a fever, should take the vaccination when they recover or are asymptomatic. […] Encourage patient to get vaccinated. […] The management for infected patients depends on the severity of symptoms of influenza, mild to moderate influenza can be treated at home with rest, oral hydration and symptomatic treatment with antipyretics like paracetamol, antihistaminic for nasal congestion and rhinitis and NSAIDS or Paracetamol for headaches and body aches.

• #64 Take Action to Prevent the Spread of Flu Between Pigs and People Prevention | Swine Flu | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/swine-flu/prevention/index.html

  If people at higher risk cannot avoid exposure to pigs, they should wear a well-fitting mask that covers the nose and mouth to reduce the risk of exposure to influenza viruses from pigs. […] People at higher risk of serious flu complications who develop flu symptoms should call a health care provider.

• #65 H1N1 Influenza (Swine Flu) Medication: Antiviral Agent, Vaccines

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1807048-medication

  Reserve antiviral chemoprophylaxis for persons at higher risk for influenza-related complications who have had contact with someone likely to have been infected with influenza. […] Pre-exposure prophylaxis can be considered in the following persons: Any health care provider who is at high risk for complications (eg, persons with chronic medical conditions, adults 65 y, pregnant women). […] This analysis reaffirms the importance of prevention (ie, vaccination of pregnant women regardless of trimester) and prompt treatment with a neuraminidase inhibitor (ie, within 2 d of symptom onset) if influenza occurs during pregnancy. […] A systematic review and meta-analysis has reported on the immunogenicity and safety of the 2009 influenza A (H1N1) vaccine. […] All persons aged 6 months or older should receive influenza vaccine annually.

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