Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Warts: How To Identify, Causes, Types, Treatment & Prevention

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15045-warts

  Plantar warts typically form on your feet, especially the soles (plantar surface) of your feet. Theyre often flat or grow inward and can have black dots. They can become quite large and cause pain when you stand or walk. HPV types 1, 2, 4, 27 and 57 cause plantar warts. […] Healthcare providers can typically diagnose warts by looking at the skin growths. In rare cases, your provider may need to do a skin biopsy to confirm that its a wart.

• #2 Plantar warts – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/plantar-warts/symptoms-causes/syc-20352691

  Plantar warts are caused by an infection with HPV in the outer layer of skin on the soles of the feet. The warts develop when the virus enters through tiny cuts, breaks or weak spots on the bottom of the foot. If left untreated, warts can last from a few months to 2 years in children, and several years in adults. […] See your health care provider for the growth on your foot if: […] You’ve tried treating the wart, but it persists, multiplies or comes back after clearing for a time (recurs). […] You aren’t sure if the growth is a wart.

• #3 Plantar Warts (Foot Warts): How You Get Them and What They Look Like

  https://www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and-treatments/understanding-plantar-warts-basics

  Plantar warts are warts that develop on plantar surfaces — that is, the soles (or bottom) of the feet. […] Plantar warts, like all warts, are caused by certain strains of the human papillomavirus (HPV), which invades the skin through tiny cuts or scrapes. […] While anyone can develop plantar warts, some people have a higher risk, including: Children and teenagers, People with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS, People who take medications that suppress the immune system, such as those with an autoimmune disease, People over 65, White people, People who have had plantar warts in the past. […] Yes. You can get them from touching them or by wearing socks, shoes, or towels that have been in contact with them and harbor the virus. […] Plantar warts typically go away on their own, but this can take a year or two.

• #4 Plantar warts – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/plantar-warts/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20352697

  A health care provider usually diagnoses a plantar wart by looking at it or cutting off the top layer with a scalpel and checking for dots. The dots are tiny clotted blood vessels. Or your health care provider might cut off a small section of the growth and send it to a lab for testing. […] If salicylic acid and freezing medicine don’t work, your health care provider may suggest one or more of the following treatments: […] Your health care provider may ask you questions such as: […] If a plantar wart goes away after treatment and another wart grows, it could be because the area was exposed again to HPV.

• #5 Patient education: Common warts, plantar warts, and flat warts (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/common-warts-plantar-warts-and-flat-warts-beyond-the-basics

  Skin warts can usually be diagnosed based upon how they look. Skin biopsy or other testing is not usually necessary. […] It is important to see your health care provider if a wart looks odd, grows rapidly, becomes painful, or does not get better with treatment. Skin cancer and other types of skin problems sometimes look similar to warts.

• #6 Plantar Warts (Verruca Pedis) – Ankle, Foot and Orthotic Centre

  https://ankleandfootcentre.com.au/plantar-warts-verruca-pedis/

  Diagnosis of a Plantar Wart […] Diagnosis is typically based on the signs and symptoms of a wart. […] The signs and symptoms are: […] A small, fleshy, rough, grainy growth (lesion) on the bottom of your foot, usually the base of the toes and forefoot or the heel […] Hard, thickened skin (callus) over a well-defined spot on the skin, where a wart has grown inward […] Black pinpoints, which are commonly called wart seeds but are actually small, clotted blood vessels […] A lesion that interrupts the normal lines and ridges in the skin of your foot […] Pain or tenderness when walking or standing […] Pain can be reproduced by squeezing the outside margins of the wart

• #7 Plantar wart – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plantar_wart

  A plantar wart is a small lesion that appears on the surface of the skin and typically resembles a cauliflower, with tiny black petechiae (tiny hemorrhages under the skin) in the center. Pinpoint bleeding may occur when these are scratched. Plantar warts occur on the soles of feet and toes. They may be painful when standing or walking. […] Diagnosis is typically based on symptoms. […] Plantar warts are often similar to calluses or corns, but can be differentiated by close observation of skin striations. Feet are covered in friction ridges, which are akin to fingerprints of the feet. Friction ridges are disrupted by plantar warts; if the lesion is not a plantar wart, the striations continue across the top layer of the skin. Plantar warts tend to be painful on application of pressure from either side of the lesion rather than direct pressure, unlike corns (which tend to be painful on direct pressure, instead).

• #8 Plantar Warts | Orthopedic Medical Center

  https://www.orthomedctr.com/plantar-warts.php

  Plantar warts usually present as small lesions with well-defined borders on the sole of the foot. Sometimes, however, pressure may cause a wart to grow inward in which case it presents as a callus. Black dots, sometimes called „wart seeds” may be visible and are often used to help diagnose the condition. […] Normally, plantar warts are easily diagnosable by simple observation, but, if the doctor has any question, a biopsy is taken to confirm the diagnosis.

• #9

  https://bpac.org.nz/bpj/2014/december/plantar-warts.aspx

  Plantar warts can be confused with corns or calluses. The use of a hand-held dermatoscope can assist in diagnosis for practitioners trained in its use. Warts are characterised by hyperkeratosis or thickening of the skin, and are often found on pressure points. Small dots or lines are usually visible inside the lesion, which represent broken capillaries and can range from red to brown in colour. They are more clearly shown by dermatoscopy, where red/purple dots or clods (blood vessels) are surrounded by white circles or lobules (keratin). The blood vessels may become more obvious if the outer layers of hyperkeratotic tissue are trimmed off. In contrast, corns exhibit a translucent core (concentric fine white rings on dermatoscopy), while calluses show a generalised opacity across the lesion (structureless on dermatoscopy).

• #10 Plantar wart – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plantar_wart

  A plantar wart is a small lesion that appears on the surface of the skin and typically resembles a cauliflower, with tiny black petechiae (tiny hemorrhages under the skin) in the center. Pinpoint bleeding may occur when these are scratched. Plantar warts occur on the soles of feet and toes. They may be painful when standing or walking. […] Diagnosis is typically based on symptoms. […] Plantar warts are often similar to calluses or corns, but can be differentiated by close observation of skin striations. Feet are covered in friction ridges, which are akin to fingerprints of the feet. Friction ridges are disrupted by plantar warts; if the lesion is not a plantar wart, the striations continue across the top layer of the skin. Plantar warts tend to be painful on application of pressure from either side of the lesion rather than direct pressure, unlike corns (which tend to be painful on direct pressure, instead).

• #11 Plantar Warts (Foot Warts): How You Get Them and What They Look Like

  https://www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and-treatments/understanding-plantar-warts-basics

  Plantar warts are warts that develop on plantar surfaces — that is, the soles (or bottom) of the feet. […] Plantar warts, like all warts, are caused by certain strains of the human papillomavirus (HPV), which invades the skin through tiny cuts or scrapes. […] While anyone can develop plantar warts, some people have a higher risk, including: Children and teenagers, People with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS, People who take medications that suppress the immune system, such as those with an autoimmune disease, People over 65, White people, People who have had plantar warts in the past. […] Yes. You can get them from touching them or by wearing socks, shoes, or towels that have been in contact with them and harbor the virus. […] Plantar warts typically go away on their own, but this can take a year or two.

• #12 Plantar wart – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plantar_wart

  A plantar wart is a small lesion that appears on the surface of the skin and typically resembles a cauliflower, with tiny black petechiae (tiny hemorrhages under the skin) in the center. Pinpoint bleeding may occur when these are scratched. Plantar warts occur on the soles of feet and toes. They may be painful when standing or walking. […] Diagnosis is typically based on symptoms. […] Plantar warts are often similar to calluses or corns, but can be differentiated by close observation of skin striations. Feet are covered in friction ridges, which are akin to fingerprints of the feet. Friction ridges are disrupted by plantar warts; if the lesion is not a plantar wart, the striations continue across the top layer of the skin. Plantar warts tend to be painful on application of pressure from either side of the lesion rather than direct pressure, unlike corns (which tend to be painful on direct pressure, instead).

• #13

  https://bpac.org.nz/bpj/2014/december/plantar-warts.aspx

  Plantar warts can be confused with corns or calluses. The use of a hand-held dermatoscope can assist in diagnosis for practitioners trained in its use. Warts are characterised by hyperkeratosis or thickening of the skin, and are often found on pressure points. Small dots or lines are usually visible inside the lesion, which represent broken capillaries and can range from red to brown in colour. They are more clearly shown by dermatoscopy, where red/purple dots or clods (blood vessels) are surrounded by white circles or lobules (keratin). The blood vessels may become more obvious if the outer layers of hyperkeratotic tissue are trimmed off. In contrast, corns exhibit a translucent core (concentric fine white rings on dermatoscopy), while calluses show a generalised opacity across the lesion (structureless on dermatoscopy).

• #14 Corns, Calluses, & Plantar Warts: How to Tell the Difference: Legacy Foot & Ankle: Podiatric Medicine

  https://www.footandanklespecialistsmi.com/blog/corns-calluses-plantar-warts-how-to-tell-the-difference

  Corns, calluses, and plantar warts might look similar to the untrained eye, but their causes and treatments are different. […] Plantar warts usually grow on the heels or balls of your feet or the undersides of your toes. Sometimes, plantar warts grow underneath calluses. […] Plantar warts look a lot like calluses. These warts are usually flat and surrounded by rough, thickened skin. But unlike calluses, plantar warts often have tiny black dots in the center called seeds. […] Plantar warts on the balls or heels of your feet can feel tender or painful when you stand or walk. […] Since plantar warts come from a virus, removing them usually requires professional wart treatment. We may prescribe a liquid wart remover, compound medications, or cryotherapy to kill the virus and eliminate the wart.

• #15 Plantar Warts | K. Kyle Ballew, DPM | Waco Podiatry

  http://www.drkkyleballew.com/document_disorders.cfm?id=112

  The warts have the appearance of thick, scaly skin. They can occur as small, single warts or can cluster into large areas. These clustered warts are called mosaic warts. They often resemble plantar calluses. A simple way to tell the difference between a wart and a callus is to squeeze the lesion between your fingers in a pinching fashion. If this is painful, it is likely that the lesion is a wart. A callus is generally not painful with this maneuver but is tender with direct pressure by pressing directly on the lesion. Other lesions on the bottom of the foot that are often confused with plantars warts are porokeratoses and inclusion cysts. […] There are a variety of ways to treat warts. The over-the-counter medications have a difficult time penetrating the thick skin on the bottom of the foot, so they do not work well in this area. Professional treatment consists of burning the wart with topical acids, freezing with liquid nitrogen, laser surgery or cutting them out. All methods have the possibility of the wart coming back. Surgical excision of the wart has the highest success rate with a relatively low rate of recurrence. There is some mild discomfort with this procedure and it takes several weeks for the area to completely heal. Normal activity can generally be resumed in a few days depending on the size and number of warts that have been removed. The risks associated with surgical removal of warts are the possibility of infection, or the formation of a scar, which can be painful when weight is applied while walking.

• #16 Plantar Warts: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment | The Feet People Podiatry

  https://www.thefeetpeople.com.au/symptoms-we-treat/plantar-warts/

  Plantar warts can present at all shapes and sizes. […] If you experience some or all of the symptoms above, you may be able to diagnose yourself with a simple test. It can be done using The Squeeze Test. This can help to identify whether you have a wart or a corn. […] To ensure you get an accurate diagnosis, we recommend seeing one of our podiatrists, as the treatment for a wart is very different to the treatment for a corn. Your podiatrist can usually tell if your skin growth is a wart just by looking at it, but if it is still not clear, a sample may be taken to be analysed and confirmed. […] A simple way to identify whether you have a plantar wart is by using the „squeeze test”. This can help identify between a wart and a corn. […] If you can not effectively diagnose yourself, we recommend seeing one of our podiatrists to ensure you’re getting an accurate diagnosis.

• #17

  https://bpac.org.nz/BPJ/2014/December/plantar-warts.aspx

  Plantar warts can be confused with corns or calluses. The use of a hand-held dermatoscope can assist in diagnosis for practitioners trained in its use. Warts are characterised by hyperkeratosis or thickening of the skin, and are often found on pressure points. Small dots or lines are usually visible inside the lesion, which represent broken capillaries and can range from red to brown in colour. They are more clearly shown by dermatoscopy, where red/purple dots or clods (blood vessels) are surrounded by white circles or lobules (keratin). The blood vessels may become more obvious if the outer layers of hyperkeratotic tissue are trimmed off. In contrast, corns exhibit a translucent core (concentric fine white rings on dermatoscopy), while calluses show a generalised opacity across the lesion (structureless on dermatoscopy).

• #18

  https://bpac.org.nz/bpj/2014/december/plantar-warts.aspx

  Plantar warts can be confused with corns or calluses. The use of a hand-held dermatoscope can assist in diagnosis for practitioners trained in its use. Warts are characterised by hyperkeratosis or thickening of the skin, and are often found on pressure points. Small dots or lines are usually visible inside the lesion, which represent broken capillaries and can range from red to brown in colour. They are more clearly shown by dermatoscopy, where red/purple dots or clods (blood vessels) are surrounded by white circles or lobules (keratin). The blood vessels may become more obvious if the outer layers of hyperkeratotic tissue are trimmed off. In contrast, corns exhibit a translucent core (concentric fine white rings on dermatoscopy), while calluses show a generalised opacity across the lesion (structureless on dermatoscopy).

• #19 Plantar warts – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/plantar-warts/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20352697

  A health care provider usually diagnoses a plantar wart by looking at it or cutting off the top layer with a scalpel and checking for dots. The dots are tiny clotted blood vessels. Or your health care provider might cut off a small section of the growth and send it to a lab for testing. […] If salicylic acid and freezing medicine don’t work, your health care provider may suggest one or more of the following treatments: […] Your health care provider may ask you questions such as: […] If a plantar wart goes away after treatment and another wart grows, it could be because the area was exposed again to HPV.

• #20 Plantar Warts | Duly Health and Care

  https://www.dulyhealthandcare.com/health-topic/plantar-warts

  Most plantar warts arent a serious health concern, but they may be bothersome or painful, and they can be resistant to treatment. You may need to see your Podiatrist to treat and remove plantar warts. […] See your doctor if warts persist, multiply or recur, despite home treatment, or if warts interfere with your activities. Also see your doctor if your warts are painful or change in appearance or color. If you have diabetes or a circulatory disorder, dont try to treat any plantar warts at home. Seek treatment from your doctor. […] In most cases, your doctor can diagnose plantar warts just by inspecting your feet. If theres any doubt, your doctor may need to pare down the lump with a scalpel. Why? Corns and calluses dont have a blood supply and wont bleed, while plantar warts will show signs of pinpoint bleeding from their dark dots, which are really blood vessels. […] If theres still doubt about the diagnosis, your doctor may take a sample of your foot tissue and send it to a laboratory for analysis.

• #21 Plantar warts – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/plantar-warts/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20352697

  A health care provider usually diagnoses a plantar wart by looking at it or cutting off the top layer with a scalpel and checking for dots. The dots are tiny clotted blood vessels. Or your health care provider might cut off a small section of the growth and send it to a lab for testing. […] If salicylic acid and freezing medicine don’t work, your health care provider may suggest one or more of the following treatments: […] Your health care provider may ask you questions such as: […] If a plantar wart goes away after treatment and another wart grows, it could be because the area was exposed again to HPV.

• #22 Warts – Dermatologic Disorders – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/dermatologic-disorders/viral-skin-diseases/warts

  Diagnosis of warts is based on clinical appearance; biopsy is rarely needed. […] A cardinal sign of warts is the disruption of dermatoglyphs (characteristic superficial ridges over the fingers, palms, toes, and soles) and the presence of pinpoint black dots (thrombosed capillaries) or bleeding when warts are shaved. Shaving is typically performed without anesthesia. […] If necessary, confirm the diagnosis of a wart by shaving its surface to reveal thrombosed capillaries in the form of black dots.

• #23 Plantar Warts Doctor Specialist NYC | Manhattan Foot Specialists

  https://www.footdoctorpodiatristnyc.com/treatment/plantar-warts/

  Plantar warts are easily transmitted through touch and from surfaces at the pool or in public showers. […] All symptoms should always be evaluated with a thorough consultation and examination by your podiatrist for an accurate diagnosis and treatment plan to exclude any underlying serious condition. […] In most cases, your foot doctor in NYC can diagnose plantar warts by: Simply examining the growth or lesion on your foot, Slicing the lesions and checking for the tiny blood vessels that are sometimes mistaken as seeds, Removing a small piece of the growth (biopsy) and sending it to the laboratory for analysis. […] Your podiatrist in midtown Manhattan can help you determine which treatments are best suited to your individual case. […] Due to the contagious nature, podiatrist always recommends treatment even if your wart is non-painful. It is possible for warts to spontaneously resolve without treatment, but often the duration of the lesion can be decreased with intervention by a physician. […] Only a trained physician can determine an accurate diagnosis and proper treatment.

• #24 Plantar warts: Symptoms, causes, and treatment

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/325813

  Plantar warts can look similar to corns and calluses on the feet, which are layers of skin that develop to protect areas of the skin from friction and pressure. A doctor can do a physical examination to see whether the growth is a plantar wart. […] In some cases, the doctor may take a skin sample of the wart and send it to a laboratory for testing. This procedure is called a biopsy. […] Some warts can look similar to other skin growths, so people should also see a doctor if they are unsure what the growth is or notice any unusual symptoms, such as: […] People with diabetes, a weakened immune system, or a circulatory health issue that affects the feet should seek the advice of a doctor before trying any treatment that may damage the skin.

• #25 Plantar Warts | Duly Health and Care

  https://www.dulyhealthandcare.com/health-topic/plantar-warts

  Most plantar warts arent a serious health concern, but they may be bothersome or painful, and they can be resistant to treatment. You may need to see your Podiatrist to treat and remove plantar warts. […] See your doctor if warts persist, multiply or recur, despite home treatment, or if warts interfere with your activities. Also see your doctor if your warts are painful or change in appearance or color. If you have diabetes or a circulatory disorder, dont try to treat any plantar warts at home. Seek treatment from your doctor. […] In most cases, your doctor can diagnose plantar warts just by inspecting your feet. If theres any doubt, your doctor may need to pare down the lump with a scalpel. Why? Corns and calluses dont have a blood supply and wont bleed, while plantar warts will show signs of pinpoint bleeding from their dark dots, which are really blood vessels. […] If theres still doubt about the diagnosis, your doctor may take a sample of your foot tissue and send it to a laboratory for analysis.

• #26 Plantar Wart – Boca Raton, FL

  https://www.patelfootandanklecare.com/contents/patient-education/p/plantar-wart

  To diagnose a plantar wart, the foot and ankle surgeon will examine the patients foot and look for signs and symptoms of a wart. […] If there is no response to treatment, further diagnostic evaluation may be necessary. In such cases, the surgeon can perform a biopsy to rule out other potential causes for the growth.

• #27 Wart – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK431047/

  Warts are prevalent benign lesions caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV) that occur in the mucosa and skin. This activity reviews the diagnostic evaluation and management of warts and highlights the role of the interprofessional team in educating patients about the required follow-up for this condition. […] The diagnosis of a wart is usually made on a clinical examination and physical findings. […] Immunohistochemical detection of HPV structural proteins confirms the presence of a virus, but this has poor sensitivity. Viral DNA identification using Southern blot hybridization is more sensitive and specific for HPV type. Polymerase chain reaction amplifies viral DNA for testing. […] A biopsy is obtained if doubt exists regarding the diagnosis. The paring of a wart often reveals tiny black dots that represent thrombosed capillaries.

• #28 Nongenital Warts Workup: Laboratory Studies, Procedures, Histologic Findings

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1133317-workup

  The diagnosis of warts is made primarily on the basis of clinical findings. […] Immunohistochemical detection of HPV structural proteins may confirm the presence of virus in a lesion, but this has a low sensitivity. […] Viral DNA identification using Southern blot hybridization is a more sensitive and specific technique used to identify the specific HPV type present in tissue. […] Polymerase chain reaction may be used to amplify viral DNA for testing. […] Although HPV may be detected in younger lesions, it may not be present in older lesions. […] Obtain a biopsy if doubt exists regarding the diagnosis. […] Histopathologic features of common warts include digitated epidermal hyperplasia, acanthosis, papillomatosis, compact orthokeratosis, hypergranulosis, dilated tortuous capillaries within the dermal papillae, and vertical tiers of parakeratotic cells with entrapped red blood cells above the tips of the digitations.

• #29 A non-invasive method for diagnosing plantar warts caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34890486/

  The methods that are used for the diagnostic confirmation of human papillomavirus (HPV) include excisional biopsy and histopathological studies or polymerase chain reaction (PCR). They are invasive, laborious, and subject to ethical restrictions due to the benign nature of these warts. This study aims to analyse the accuracy of noninvasive swab samples to diagnose plantar warts. […] The swab method appears to be a simple and accurate technique to diagnose plantar warts due to HPV. It is a noninvasive technique that could be performed even by inexperienced professionals and in patients with pain or a fear of needles.

• #30 Warts Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/condition/warts

  Most warts can be diagnosed by location and appearance. Your health care provider may want to cut into a wart to verify that it is not a corn, callus, or other growth. Your provider is unlikely to order laboratory tests, however, you may receive a sonogram to confirm plantar wart diagnosis. […] Intralesional vitamin D injection may be an effective treatment option for warts. […] Warts commonly occur in children and young adults, but they may appear at any age. […] Sonography of plantar warts: role in diagnosis and treatment.

• #31

  https://bpac.org.nz/bpj/2014/december/plantar-warts.aspx

  Plantar warts can be confused with corns or calluses. The use of a hand-held dermatoscope can assist in diagnosis for practitioners trained in its use. Warts are characterised by hyperkeratosis or thickening of the skin, and are often found on pressure points. Small dots or lines are usually visible inside the lesion, which represent broken capillaries and can range from red to brown in colour. They are more clearly shown by dermatoscopy, where red/purple dots or clods (blood vessels) are surrounded by white circles or lobules (keratin). The blood vessels may become more obvious if the outer layers of hyperkeratotic tissue are trimmed off. In contrast, corns exhibit a translucent core (concentric fine white rings on dermatoscopy), while calluses show a generalised opacity across the lesion (structureless on dermatoscopy).

• #32 Plantar Wart Removal, Treatment, Causes, Contagious, Remedies & Symptoms

  https://www.emedicinehealth.com/plantar_warts/article_em.htm

  How Do Doctors Diagnose Plantar Warts? The diagnosis is typically made by observing the wart. If in doubt, the physician may send a tissue sample of the wart to a pathologist for examination. […] The doctor may consider other problems that may cause a similar appearance, such as corns, calluses, or black heels (ruptured capillaries).

• #33

  https://bpac.org.nz/BPJ/2014/December/plantar-warts.aspx

  Although rare, the most important differential diagnosis in a patient with a suspected plantar wart is melanoma. […] Up to 80% of people will experience resolution of plantar warts without intervention within two years. Many patients will, however, wish to attempt treatment. All topical treatments for warts have variable success rates, therefore several different management methods may need to be trialled before the wart is resolved. Wart paints and gels containing salicylic acid show good evidence of efficacy, and can be recommended as a starting point for patients who wish to trial a treatment. […] Most topical treatments for plantar warts are recommended as a daily application until the wart has resolved. There are no specific guidelines for when treatment efficacy should be reviewed or when to switch to an alternative treatment.

• #34 Plantar warts – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/plantar-warts/symptoms-causes/syc-20352691

  Plantar warts are caused by an infection with HPV in the outer layer of skin on the soles of the feet. The warts develop when the virus enters through tiny cuts, breaks or weak spots on the bottom of the foot. If left untreated, warts can last from a few months to 2 years in children, and several years in adults. […] See your health care provider for the growth on your foot if: […] You’ve tried treating the wart, but it persists, multiplies or comes back after clearing for a time (recurs). […] You aren’t sure if the growth is a wart.

• #35 When to See a Doctor for Plantar Warts | Alliance Foot & Ankle Specialists

  https://www.footdoc.org/faqs/when-to-see-a-doctor-for-plantar-warts.cfm

  Plantar warts are bumpy growths that occur on the heels or balls of the feet. […] Some signs that you may have a plantar wart include: Appearance that is gray or brown in color, A center with a black pinpoint spot, Hard thickened skin over the spot, Pain or tenderness when standing or walking. […] If you have the following signs, contact our Grapevine podiatrist for an examination: Bleeding, Changes in appearance or color, Recurrence after treatment or is multiplying, Redness or warmth, Pain with daily activities. […] If you have a condition such as diabetes or poor circulation or have a weakened immune system, consult with our Grapevine podiatrist for an evaluation of the wart. […] For proper treatment recommendations, see our Grapevine podiatrist. Our experienced foot specialists can examine your feet and determine if the spot is definitely a plantar wart and recommend treatment options based on the extent of the condition.

• #36 Understanding Plantar Warts | Saint Luke’s Health System

  https://www.saintlukeskc.org/health-library/understanding-plantar-warts

  Plantar warts are caused by a virus called HPV (human papillomavirus). […] Call your healthcare provider if you have plantar warts that: […] Don’t go away on their own or with over-the-counter and at-home treatments.

• #37 Warts: Diagnosis and treatment

  https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/a-z/warts-treatment

  Your dermatologist can usually diagnose warts by looking at them. […] If a wart is growing rapidly, looks like an open sore, or fails to clear with treatment, your dermatologist may perform a skin biopsy. During this procedure, your dermatologist numbs the area and removes a sample from the growth. This procedure can be done in the office while you’re awake. […] A skin biopsy can tell your dermatologist if you have a wart or another skin condition. […] Most warts are harmless, and many go away on their own. However, without treatment, it takes time for warts to clear from a few months to years. […] Treatment can help: Clear warts more quickly. […] It is also easier to treat warts when you have fewer, smaller warts. […] You may be able to treat your warts at home with a wart treatment that you can buy online or in a store.

• #38

  https://bpac.org.nz/BPJ/2014/December/plantar-warts.aspx

  Topical treatment with salicylic acid is often regarded as a first-line approach to treating plantar warts. Salicylic acid is a keratolytic agent and works by debriding the skin. Salicylic acid 27% gel (general sale) should be carefully applied to the wart, once daily. […] The efficacy of silver nitrate treatment has only been assessed in one randomised controlled trial where patients using silver nitrate showed complete cure rates approximately 30% higher than patients using placebo applications. […] The use of fluorouracil cream for plantar warts is an off-label indication. After debridement with a pumice stone, patients can be instructed to apply fluorouracil 5% cream (prescription only, subsidised) to the lesion, twice daily. […] For some patients, plantar warts will persist despite multiple treatment approaches. Surgical removal of the wart may be considered as a treatment of last resort. However, in many cases, surgery may also prove unsuccessful. Therefore, the alternative option of ceasing active treatment of the wart can be discussed with the patient.

• #39

  https://bpac.org.nz/bpj/2014/december/plantar-warts.aspx

  Although rare, the most important differential diagnosis in a patient with a suspected plantar wart is melanoma. […] Up to 80% of people will experience resolution of plantar warts without intervention within two years. Many patients will, however, wish to attempt treatment. All topical treatments for warts have variable success rates, therefore several different management methods may need to be trialled before the wart is resolved. Wart paints and gels containing salicylic acid show good evidence of efficacy, and can be recommended as a starting point for patients who wish to trial a treatment. […] It is estimated that cure rates of plantar warts with a watch and wait approach are likely to be in the range of 25% over a period of a few months. Eventually, most warts will resolve without treatment, but this may take several years.

• #40 Plantar Warts and Palmar Warts: Treatments and Causes

  https://www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and-treatments/plantar-warts-palmar-warts

  Plantar warts and palmar warts are noncancerous skin growths caused by a viral infection in the top layer of the skin. The culprit is a strain of virus called human papillomavirus (HPV). […] Plantar warts and palmar warts are common, especially in children. […] Warts are spread from person to person. The transmission can be indirect. […] Some people mistakenly think plantar warts or palmar warts are malignant. But they aren’t harmful. […] Eventually, in about 2 years, most warts go away without treatment. […] Plantar warts and palmar warts often finally go away without treatment. […] If common skin warts bother you, you can treat them in several ways. […] Doctor’s treatments are generally the most effective. […] Over-the-counter (OTC) wart treatments include a medication that is applied topically (gel, ointment, lotion) and usually includes salicylic acid, which works by peeling the wart.

• #41 Plantar Wart: What is it, Symptoms, Treatment, and More

  https://www.healthline.com/health/skin-disorders/plantar-wart

  If you suspect you have a plantar wart, you should check in with a doctor, since it can be hard to tell how much the wart has grown beneath the skin. […] A doctor can help you determine which treatment is best for you based on how advanced the wart is. If the wart has returned, for example, your doctor might choose a different combination treatment to ensure its removal. […] Once your doctor has diagnosed your plantar wart, they will recommend removal methods such as salicylic acid or cryotreatment. […] Its important to get a doctors advice before trying to remove the wart. Doing so without input from a physician could result in damage to your foot. […] Most treatments for plantar warts take several weeks. […] The most important thing to remember when treating a wart is consistency. […] Plantar warts can be difficult to eliminate and have a tendency to return, so be sure to follow your treatment plan carefully.

• #42 Plantar Warts Symptoms & Treatment – My FootDr

  https://www.myfootdr.com.au/conditions-treated/plantar-warts/

  If left untreated, a plantar wart can continue to grow and spread to various parts of your body and infect others that come in contact with you. […] it’s also important for your personal health to treat your plantar wart as soon as possible. Plantar warts can become painful if untreated and effect the way you stand, walk and run. […] Yes, plantar warts can be surgically removed. However, this method of removal is often not recommended as surgery can cause painful scarring. […] Plantar warts can still be contagious in-between treatments, and so it is important to keep them covered as to not infect anyone through direct and indirect content. […] After receiving your first acid treatment from your podiatrist, it may take several sessions before your plantar wart is fully removed. […] At My FootDr, we use a pressurised canister with a spray tip or contact probe. Each plantar wart receives three applications in each appointment, with each application lasting between 20 and 30 seconds, depending on the size of the plantar wart.

• #43 Plantar Warts | CommonSpirit Health

  https://www.commonspirit.org/conditions-treatments/plantar-warts

  How are warts diagnosed? A doctor usually can tell if a skin growth is a wart by looking at it. Your doctor may take a sample of the wart if it isn’t clear that the growth is a wart or if the growth is darker than the skin around it, is irregular, bleeds, or is large and fast-growing. […] Call your doctor now or seek immediate medical care if: You have signs of infection, such as: Increased pain, swelling, warmth, or redness. Red streaks leading from a wart. Pus draining from a wart. A fever. […] Watch closely for changes in your health, and be sure to contact your doctor if: You do not get better as expected.

• #44 Nongenital Warts Workup: Laboratory Studies, Procedures, Histologic Findings

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1133317-workup

  The diagnosis of warts is made primarily on the basis of clinical findings. […] Immunohistochemical detection of HPV structural proteins may confirm the presence of virus in a lesion, but this has a low sensitivity. […] Viral DNA identification using Southern blot hybridization is a more sensitive and specific technique used to identify the specific HPV type present in tissue. […] Polymerase chain reaction may be used to amplify viral DNA for testing. […] Although HPV may be detected in younger lesions, it may not be present in older lesions. […] Obtain a biopsy if doubt exists regarding the diagnosis. […] Histopathologic features of common warts include digitated epidermal hyperplasia, acanthosis, papillomatosis, compact orthokeratosis, hypergranulosis, dilated tortuous capillaries within the dermal papillae, and vertical tiers of parakeratotic cells with entrapped red blood cells above the tips of the digitations.

• #45 Nongenital Warts Workup: Laboratory Studies, Procedures, Histologic Findings

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1133317-workup

  Koilocytic (vacuolated) cells are pathognomonic for warts. […] Deep palmoplantar warts appear similar to common warts except that most of the lesion lies deep to the plane of the skin surface. […] This endophytic epidermal growth often has the distinctive feature of polygonal, refractile-appearing, eosinophilic, cytoplasmic inclusions composed of keratin filaments, forming ringlike structures. […] Basophilic nuclear inclusions and basophilic parakeratotic cells loaded with virions may be in the upper layers of the epidermis. […] Flat warts resemble common warts on light microscopy; however, the features tend to be muted. […] These may be referred to as „owl’s eye cells.” […] Butcher’s warts have prominent acanthosis, hyperkeratosis, and papillomatosis. […] Filiform warts may appear similar to common warts but tend to have prominent papillomatosis.

• #46 Nongenital Warts Workup: Laboratory Studies, Procedures, Histologic Findings

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1133317-workup

  The diagnosis of warts is made primarily on the basis of clinical findings. […] Immunohistochemical detection of HPV structural proteins may confirm the presence of virus in a lesion, but this has a low sensitivity. […] Viral DNA identification using Southern blot hybridization is a more sensitive and specific technique used to identify the specific HPV type present in tissue. […] Polymerase chain reaction may be used to amplify viral DNA for testing. […] Although HPV may be detected in younger lesions, it may not be present in older lesions. […] Obtain a biopsy if doubt exists regarding the diagnosis. […] Histopathologic features of common warts include digitated epidermal hyperplasia, acanthosis, papillomatosis, compact orthokeratosis, hypergranulosis, dilated tortuous capillaries within the dermal papillae, and vertical tiers of parakeratotic cells with entrapped red blood cells above the tips of the digitations.

• #47 A non-invasive method for diagnosing plantar warts caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34890486/

  The methods that are used for the diagnostic confirmation of human papillomavirus (HPV) include excisional biopsy and histopathological studies or polymerase chain reaction (PCR). They are invasive, laborious, and subject to ethical restrictions due to the benign nature of these warts. This study aims to analyse the accuracy of noninvasive swab samples to diagnose plantar warts. […] The swab method appears to be a simple and accurate technique to diagnose plantar warts due to HPV. It is a noninvasive technique that could be performed even by inexperienced professionals and in patients with pain or a fear of needles.

• #48 Wart – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK431047/

  The more expensive and invasive treatments are usually reserved for multiple recurrent warts. Observation is also a part of the treatment and should always be considered. […] The only negative observation is that there is a small risk that the wart can enlarge and may even spread to other areas. […] Once a diagnosis of warts is made, the patient should be educated on preventing trauma and transmission. […] The key to the management of warts is patient education.

• #49 Patient education: Common warts, plantar warts, and flat warts (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/common-warts-plantar-warts-and-flat-warts-beyond-the-basics

  Skin warts can usually be diagnosed based upon how they look. Skin biopsy or other testing is not usually necessary. […] It is important to see your health care provider if a wart looks odd, grows rapidly, becomes painful, or does not get better with treatment. Skin cancer and other types of skin problems sometimes look similar to warts.

• #50 Warts: How To Identify, Causes, Types, Treatment & Prevention

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15045-warts

  Plantar warts typically form on your feet, especially the soles (plantar surface) of your feet. Theyre often flat or grow inward and can have black dots. They can become quite large and cause pain when you stand or walk. HPV types 1, 2, 4, 27 and 57 cause plantar warts. […] Healthcare providers can typically diagnose warts by looking at the skin growths. In rare cases, your provider may need to do a skin biopsy to confirm that its a wart.

• #51 Plantar Warts Treatment | Foot & Ankle Specialists of Central PA

  https://footandanklespecialistsofcentralpa.com/conditions/plantar-warts/

  Plantar warts are non-cancerous growths caused by an HPV infection. This virus targets the skin on the soles of your feet, typically forming in high-pressure areas like the heels or balls of your feet. Due to the pressure, these warts often grow inward beneath callused skin, leading to pain and discomfort. […] Recognizing the symptoms of plantar warts early can help you seek prompt treatment and avoid complications. Common signs include: […] If you notice any of these symptoms, it’s essential to consult our specialists to confirm the diagnosis and explore treatment options. […] Early diagnosis and treatment of plantar warts can prevent them from growing larger, spreading to other parts of the body, or causing significant pain. […] Seeking professional care promptly reduces the chances of these complications. […] If you notice small, fleshy growths on the soles of your feet that are painful when walking or standing, you may have plantar warts. […] Professional evaluation is recommended to ensure proper diagnosis and treatment, especially for persistent or painful warts.

Zobacz więcej