Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Rashes

  https://www.rch.org.au/kidsinfo/fact_sheets/Rashes_caused_by_viruses/

  Rashes are very common in children and babies. Most rashes are caused by common viral infections, and are nothing to be worried about. Usually, rashes are harmless and will go away on their own. […] Sometimes different viruses can cause rashes that look the same, while some viruses cause rashes that look quite unique. […] Measles is a virus that causes a distinctive rash. Measles is very contagious and can be serious. If you think your child has measles, see your GP. […] Most rashes are mild and do not cause your child any distress, although some rashes can cause a lot of itching. […] In nearly all cases, it is not important to know which virus is causing the rash. Most rashes will get better on their own. Antibiotics do not work on viruses and are not given to children with rashes caused by viral infections.

• #2 Serious childhood rashes | Pregnancy Birth and Baby

  https://www.pregnancybirthbaby.org.au/serious-childhood-rashes

  Rashes in babies and children are quite common and usually harmless. Most rashes are caused by common viral infections. […] Some rashes are cause for concern and need medical treatment. […] Rashes can have many different appearances. They can be: red, flat, bumpy, have blisters. […] If your child has a rash, do not go to the clinic as you dont want to infect other people in the waiting room. Instead, call your doctor and they will tell you the safest way to see them. […] Chickenpox is a highly contagious viral infection. Its caused by the varicella zoster virus. […] Hand, foot and mouth disease is a common childhood infection. It mainly occurs in children under 10 years of age. […] Hives, or urticaria, is a skin rash which can be caused by an allergic reaction. This can happen when your childs immune system responds to an allergen such as a certain food. […] Meningococcal disease is caused by a type of bacteria called neisseria meningitidis. […] Psoriasis is a long-term condition that causes inflammation of the skin. […] Scarlet fever is a contagious infection that is often caused by group A streptococcus infection of the throat.

• #3 Table: Some Causes of Rash in Infants and Children-MSD Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.msdmanuals.com/professional/multimedia/table/some-causes-of-rash-in-infants-and-children

  Some Causes of Rash in Infants and Children […] Candidal infections […] Beefy red rash with adjacent satellite lesions in the diaper area, including skin creases […] Chickenpox* […] Red dots on the face, scalp, torso and proximal extremities that progress over 10-12 hours to small bumps, vesicles, and then umbilicated pustules, which form crusts […] Erythema infectiosum (fifth disease) […] Confluent erythema on cheeks (slapped-cheek appearance) […] Impetigo […] Nonbullous impetigo: Painless but itchy red sore near the nose or mouth that soon leaks pus or fluid and forms a honey-colored scab […] Bullous impetigo: Occurs mainly in children […] Lyme disease […] Erythema migrans rash; an enlarging (to about 5-7 cm), erythematous lesion sometimes with central clearing or rarely purpura (2%)

• #4 Skin Rashes in Children Treatment: First Aid Information for Skin Rashes in Children

  https://www.webmd.com/children/skin-rashes-in-children-treatment

  Many childhood diseases have bacterial or viral causes and may come with a rash. […] A virus called varicella-zoster causes chickenpox, a very contagious disease. […] A paramyxovirus causes the measles, which is also highly contagious. […] Rubella is a much milder disease in children that’s also caused by a virus (rubivirus). […] Scarlet fever is strep throat with a rash. The throat infection is caused by streptococcal bacteria. […] Fifth disease, also known as erythema infectiosum or „slapped cheeks” disease, is caused by a virus (parvovirus B19) spread via respiratory secretions such as coughs, sneezes, saliva, or nasal mucus. […] Roseola is also called exanthem subitum and is a common childhood illness caused by the human herpesvirus 6 or 7. […] The enteroviruses, including the coxsackieviruses, are a very common cause of fever and rash in children.

• #5 20 Common Skin Rashes in Children

  https://www.healthline.com/health/childrens-health/20-common-skin-rashes-in-children-and-how-to-identify-them

  Fifth disease, or slapped cheek syndrome, is a common viral infection caused by parvovirus B19. It causes a red rash on the cheeks, arms, and legs. Other symptoms include low grade fever, headache, and runny nose. […] HFMD is a highly contagious virus that typically affects children under the age of 5 years who attend day care or school. It causes uncomfortable blisters or sores in the mouth and a rash on the hands and feet, along with fever, sore throat, and general malaise. […] Heat rash develops in hot, humid weather when pores become blocked and sweat cant escape. The rash appears as small red or white fluid-filled bumps in areas that sweat more, such as the face. […] Hives, which are also called urticaria, are typically temporary raised bumps or itchy, raised welts that usually go away on their own.

• #6 Rashes in babies and children

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/rashes-babies-and-children/

  Many things can cause a rash in babies and children, and they’re often nothing to worry about. […] A rash on 1 or both cheeks plus a high temperature, runny nose, sore throat and headache may be slapped cheek syndrome. […] Blisters on the hands and feet, with ulcers in the mouth, could be hand, foot and mouth disease. […] A rash of small, raised bumps that feels rough, like sandpaper, could be scarlet fever. […] A spotty rash that appears on the head or neck and spreads to the rest of the body could be measles. […] The main symptom of chickenpox is an itchy, spotty rash. […] Very itchy raised spots could be caused by tiny mites that burrow into the skin (scabies). […] Small, firm, raised spots could be molluscum contagiosum. […] If your baby has a red and sore bottom, it could be nappy rash. […] Yellow or white, greasy, scaly patches on your baby’s scalp could be cradle cap.

• #7 Rashes in children – The Pharmaceutical Journal

  https://pharmaceutical-journal.com/article/ld/rashes-in-children

  Chickenpox is contagious until all the blisters have scabbed over, which usually occurs around five or six days after the rash first appears. […] Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) results from enteroviral infection, most commonly Coxsackie A16, although other group A and B Coxsackie viruses may be causative. […] The first observed symptom is usually a low-grade fever, followed by scattered papules that develop into vesicles affecting the hands, feet and mouth, where they progress to shallow ulcers. […] Scarlet fever is an infectious disease caused by toxin-producing strains of the bacteria Streptococcus pyogenes, also known as group A streptococcus (GAS). […] The identification of the M1UK strain of Streptococcus pyogenes has been linked with a rise in scarlet fever and invasive group A streptococcal infections in the UK.

• #8 Table: Some Causes of Rash in Infants and Children-MSD Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.msdmanuals.com/professional/multimedia/table/some-causes-of-rash-in-infants-and-children

  Measles* […] Maculopapular rash beginning on the face and spreading to the trunk and extremities […] Meningococcemia […] Petechial rash, sometimes with purpura fulminans […] Molluscum contagiosum […] Clusters of flesh-colored, umbilicated papules […] Roseola infantum […] Maculopapular rash that appears suddenly after 4 or 5 days of high fever, typically as fever resolves […] Rubella* […] Sometimes itchy rash that begins on the face and spreads downward, appears as pink or light red spots (which may merge to form evenly colored patches), and usually clears on the face as it spreads […] Scarlet fever (scarlatina) […] Generalized fine, red, rough-textured, blanching rash that typically appears 12-72 hours after the fever and starts on the chest, in the armpits, and on the groin

• #9 Baby Rashes: Causes and Treatments – Giggle Magazine

  https://www.gigglemagazine.com/baby-rashes-causes-and-treatments/

  The first year of a babys life comes along with many challenges, and one of the most common is skin conditions that may pop up. Rashes are often associated with diapers, but they can also come in many forms all over their bodies. […] Roseola is extremely common with babies under three years old. Roseola usually begins with two to three days of unexplained fever followed by a red rash on the chest and stomach, according to the Seattle Childrens Hospital. […] Similarly, many other types of rashes are caused by viruses. Typically, a child who has a fever may have rashes on their cheeks or their stomach and chest area. Common early childhood viruses that produce rashes are Fifths Disease which the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says is caused by the parvovirus B19 virus. […] Eczema is a common skin condition that affects many children and adults. It causes dry rough skin, and a quarter of cases occur within the first year of life, according to the Seattle Childrens Hospital.

• #10 Rashes in children – The Pharmaceutical Journal

  https://pharmaceutical-journal.com/article/ld/rashes-in-children

  Onset is usually rapid, with fever, sore throat, vomiting, headache, abdominal pain, myalgia and malaise. […] The rash is a fine erythematous punctate eruption, which blanches with pressure. […] Atopic eczema (also known as atopic dermatitis) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that causes the skin to become itchy, dry and cracked. […] Hives (also known as urticaria) is a superficial swelling of the skin. […] Hives can occur owing to certain allergies to foods, drugs, insect bites, skin contact to chemicals, or cold or heat exposure. […] Ringworm (also known as tinea) is a common fungal infection of the skin, caused by dermatophytes, that can appear almost anywhere on the body. […] Persistent occlusion of the nappy area, resulting in overhydration and maceration of the epidermis, causes nappy rash.

• #11 Common Skin Rashes in Children | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2015/0801/p211.html

  Scarlet fever is diagnosed in 10% of children presenting with streptococcal tonsillopharyngitis. […] It is caused by certain strains of group A beta-hemolytic streptococci that release a streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin (erythrogenic toxin). […] Impetigo is a primary or secondary bacterial infection of the epidermis of the skin. […] Erythema infectiosum, or fifth disease, is caused by parvovirus B19. […] Molluscum contagiosum is a skin infection caused by a poxvirus. […] Tinea is a common fungal skin infection in children that may affect the scalp (tinea capitis), body (tinea corporis), groin (tinea cruris), feet (tinea pedis), hands (tinea manus), or nails (tinea unguium). […] Atopic dermatitis is a common childhood inflammatory skin disease that affects approximately 20% of children in the United States.

• #11 Common Skin Rashes in Children | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2015/0801/p211.html

  Because childhood rashes may be difficult to differentiate by appearance alone, it is important to consider the entire clinical presentation to help make the appropriate diagnosis. […] A fever is likely to occur with roseola, erythema infectiosum (fifth disease), and scarlet fever. […] The key feature of roseola is a rash presenting after resolution of a high fever, whereas the distinguishing features in pityriasis rosea are a herald patch and a bilateral and symmetric rash in a Christmas tree pattern. […] Erythema infectiosum is characterized by a viral prodrome followed by the slapped cheek facial rash. […] Roseola is most commonly caused by human herpesvirus 6 and affects infants and children younger than three years. […] Although the etiology is not fully known, it is thought to be infectious, with some studies implicating human herpesvirus 6 and 7.

• #12 Table: Some Causes of Rash in Infants and Children-MSD Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.msdmanuals.com/professional/multimedia/table/some-causes-of-rash-in-infants-and-children

  Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome […] Widespread areas of painful erythema that develop large, flaccid blisters, which are easily ruptured, leaving large areas of desquamation […] Tinea […] Scaly, oval lesions with a slightly raised border and central clearing […] Atopic dermatitis (eczema) […] Chronic or recurrent red, scaly patches, often in flexor creases […] Contact dermatitis […] Intensely itchy erythema, sometimes with vesicles […] Drug reaction […] Diffuse maculopapular rash […] Stevens-Johnson syndrome […] Prodrome of fever, malaise, cough, sore throat, and conjunctivitis […] Urticaria […] Well-circumscribed, pruritic, red, raised lesions […] Immunoglobulin A-associated vasculitis […] Palpable purpura appearing in crops over days to weeks, typically in dependent areas (eg, legs, buttocks)

• #13 Skin Rashes in Children: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://www.emedicinehealth.com/skin_rashes_in_children/article_em.htm

  Skin rashes in children range from common and mild to uncommon but life-threatening. A rash is a reaction of the skin. It can be caused by many things, such as a reaction by contact to a skin irritant, a drug reaction, an infection, or an allergic reaction. […] Most rashes caused by viruses do not harm a child and go away over time without any treatment. However, some childhood rashes have serious or even life-threatening causes. […] A history of tick bites, exposure to other ill children or adults, recent antibiotic use, environmental exposures, or prior immunizations are all important elements of the patient’s history to help determine the cause of a skin rash in a child. […] Rashes associated with life-threatening diseases are uncommon, and a child will usually appear quite ill. […] Fever and petechiae are also seen with bacterial sepsis, especially with meningococcal disease. This disease is highly fatal and extremely contagious.

• #13 Skin Rashes in Children: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://www.emedicinehealth.com/skin_rashes_in_children/article_em.htm

  Meningococcemia is a life-threatening bacterial invasion of the blood by bacteria called Neisseria meningitidis. […] Kawasaki disease (also called mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome or MCLNS) has no proven cause, although it is suspected to be caused by a bacteria or virus. […] Toxic shock syndrome (TSS) is a life-threatening disease in which many body systems are acutely affected. […] Many childhood diseases have viral or bacterial causes and include a rash of some type. […] Impetigo is a superficial skin infection caused by Streptococcus or Staphylococcus bacteria. […] Scarlet fever is simply a strep throat or other strep infection with a characteristic rash. […] Chickenpox can be a serious illness in people with weak immune systems such as newborns, people on chemotherapy for cancer, people taking steroids, pregnant women, or those with HIV/AIDS. […] Fifth disease, also known as erythema infectiosum or „slapped cheeks” disease, is caused by a virus (parvovirus B19). […] Candidal rash (yeast infection) is a fungal or yeast infection of the skin by Candida albicans.

• #14 Rash in Children: Types, Symptoms, Causes and Treatment

  https://www.carehospitals.com/symptoms/rash-in-children

  Rashes in children are incredibly common, often causing worry for parents. These skin changes can range from mild irritations to more serious conditions, and understanding them is crucial for every parent. […] Children can experience various types of rashes, each with distinct characteristics and causes. Parents should know these common rashes to better understand their child’s condition. […] Rashes in children can stem from various sources, ranging from common skin irritations to viral infections. These may include: […] The fungus Candida can sometimes cause diaper rash, resulting in a vivid red rash with small red spots in skin creases. […] Atopic dermatitis, or eczema, has a genetic component that affects the skin’s ability to retain moisture and protect against external factors. […] Fungal infections, such as ringworm (tinea), can affect the scalp (tinea capitis) or body (tinea corporis) in children. […] Molluscum contagiosum, a viral skin infection, causes flesh-coloured, pearly bumps. Although it typically resolves without treatment, the virus is contagious.

• #15 Rashes in Children – Children’s Health Issues – Merck Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/children-s-health-issues/symptoms-in-infants-and-children/rashes-in-children

  Atopic dermatitis tends to run in families and in many cases is thought to be due to a gene variation that affects the skin’s ability to retain moisture and provide protection against bacteria, irritants, allergens, and environmental factors. […] Viral infections often cause rashes in young children. Rashes caused by roseola infantum and erythema infectiosum (fifth disease) are harmless and usually go away without treatment. Rashes caused by measles, rubella, and chickenpox are less common because children receive vaccines that prevent these infections, but they may occur in unvaccinated children. […] Dermatophytoses (also called ringworm or tinea) are fungal infections of the skin. In children, infections of the scalp (tinea capitis) and body (tinea corporis) are most common. […] Molluscum contagiosum is a cluster of flesh-colored pearly pimples or bumps caused by a viral skin infection that usually disappears without treatment.

• #15 Rashes in Children – Children’s Health Issues – Merck Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/children-s-health-issues/symptoms-in-infants-and-children/rashes-in-children

  A rash is an abnormal change in the texture or color of the skin. […] Known causes of rashes include irritation, allergies, and medications and bacterial, fungal, or viral infections. […] Rashes in infants and young children are not usually serious and can have various causes. Irritating substances, medications, allergic reactions, and disorders that cause inflammation can cause a rash. […] Some common causes of rashes in infants and young children include the following: Diaper rash (diaper dermatitis), Cradle cap (seborrheic dermatitis), Atopic dermatitis (eczema), Viral infections that cause a rash. […] Diaper rash can also be caused by infection with the fungus Candida, typically causing a bright red rash in the creases of the skin and small red spots. Less often, diaper rash is caused by bacteria.

• #16 Skin rashes in babies | nidirect

  https://www.nidirect.gov.uk/conditions/skin-rashes-babies

  Half of all newborns develop a blotchy red skin reaction called erythema toxicum. […] Hand, foot and mouth disease is a common, viral illness. […] It causes a blistery rash on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet, as well as ulcers in the mouth. […] Hives is also known as urticaria. […] Hives cause a raised, red itchy rash that appears on the skin. […] Nappy rash occurs when the skin around the baby’s nappy area becomes irritated. […] Nappy rash is often caused by exposure to wee or poo for a long period of time. […] Ringworm is a common fungal skin infection. […] Scabies is a common infestation of the skin that can affect people of all ages. […] Scabies is caused by tiny mites that burrow into the skin. […] Slapped cheek syndrome is a viral infection particularly common in children and babies. […] Meningitis is an infection of the protective membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord (meninges). […] The classic rash associated with meningitis usually looks like small, red pinpricks at first. […] It is a blotchy rash that doesn’t fade when a glass is rolled over it.

• #16 Skin rashes in babies | nidirect

  https://www.nidirect.gov.uk/conditions/skin-rashes-babies

  It’s normal for babies to develop rashes from as early as a few days old. […] Most rashes are harmless and go away on their own. […] This guide may give you a better idea of the cause of the rash. […] Baby acne is where pimples sometimes develop on a baby’s cheeks, nose and forehead within a month of their birth. […] Pimples or blackheads that develop after three months of age (infantile acne) tend to be more severe. These often need medical treatment. […] Cradle cap is where yellowish, greasy, scaly patches develop on a baby’s scalp. […] Eczema is a long-term condition that causes the skin to become itchy, red, dry and cracked. […] The most common form is atopic eczema. It mainly affects babies and children but can continue into adulthood. […] Atopic eczema in babies under six months is sometimes associated with allergies to milk and egg.

• #17 Infant and toddler health

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/infant-and-toddler-health/in-depth/baby-rashes/art-20546833

  You may expect your baby’s skin to be flawless, but rashes and other skin conditions are common at this age. […] Diaper rash is often caused when a baby’s skin is in contact with urine or stool for too long. […] The rash is more likely if the diaper doesn’t fit well and rubs the baby’s skin. […] Talk to your baby’s healthcare professional if the rash doesn’t improve or gets worse. […] A baby’s skin is thinner and more likely to get a sunburn. […] For these reasons, a baby’s skin is more likely to react than adult skin to things such as heat, skin products or chemicals in clothing.

• #18 Diaper rash – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diaper-rash/symptoms-causes/syc-20371636

  Diaper rash may be caused by: […] Skin can develop a rash if wet or soiled diapers are left on too long. Babies may be more prone to diaper rash if they’re having many stools or diarrhea. […] Tightfitting diapers or clothing that rubs against the skin can lead to a rash. […] Your baby’s skin may react to a new brand of baby wipes, diapers or a detergent, bleach or fabric softener used to wash cloth diapers. Ingredients in lotions, powders and oils might add to the problem. […] What begins as a simple infection may spread to the surrounding skin. The area covered by a diaper is at risk because it’s warm and moist, making a perfect breeding ground for bacteria and yeast. These rashes can be found within the creases of the skin. […] As babies start to eat solid foods, the content of their stool changes. This increases the likelihood of diaper rash. Changes in your baby’s diet can also increase the frequency of stools, which can lead to diaper rash. Breastfed babies might develop diaper rash in response to something the mother has eaten.

• #18 Diaper rash – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diaper-rash/symptoms-causes/syc-20371636

  Babies with atopic dermatitis, seborrheic dermatitis or other skin conditions may be more likely to develop diaper rash. The irritated skin of atopic dermatitis also tends to be in areas not covered by a diaper. […] Antibiotics can contribute to a rash by killing bacteria that keep yeast growth in check. Antibiotic use also increases the risk of diarrhea. Breastfed babies whose mothers take antibiotics also are at increased risk of diaper rash.

• #19 Rash – child under 2 years Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/symptoms/rash-child-under-2-years

  A rash is a change in the color or texture of the skin. A skin rash can be: […] The most common skin problem in infants is diaper rash. Diaper rash is an irritation of the skin caused by dampness, urine, or feces. Most babies who wear diapers will have some type of diaper rash at some point. […] Other skin disorders can cause rashes. These are most often not serious unless they occur with other symptoms. […] Causes may include: […] Diaper rash (rash in the diaper area) is a skin irritation caused by long-term dampness and by urine and feces touching the skin. […] Yeast diaper rash is caused by a type of yeast called Candida, which also causes thrush in the mouth. […] Heat rash, or prickly heat, is caused by the blockage of the pores that lead to the sweat glands. […] Erythema toxicum can cause flat red splotches (usually with a white, pimple-like bump in the middle) that appear in up to one half of all babies.

• #20 14 Common Rashes in Babies and Kids

  https://www.parents.com/health/rashes/rashes/

  This rash is not contagious or caused by an illness. It’s unknown exactly why some people develop eczema. However, environmental and genetic factors, stress, and immune system function are all at play. […] Fifth disease is characterized by fever, headache, cough, sore throat, and rash. This viral infection tends to target young school-age kids. […] Heat rash in babies and kids which is also called miliaria, prickly heat, or sweat rash is a faint red rash with tiny red bumps or clear blisters that are most common on the neck, forehead, and shoulders. […] The coxsackievirus causes hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD), which is common among kids ages 5 and under. […] Measles is a highly contagious virus that lives in the nose and throat. It’s spread via coughing and sneezing. […] Hives in young kids are often caused by a skin reaction to something. The actual trigger can be tricky to pinpoint, but possible irritants include plants, food, pet saliva, or pollens, as well as bug bites or stings.

• #21 14 Common Rashes in Babies and Kids

  https://www.parents.com/health/rashes/rashes/

  It can be scary when your child’s skin is suddenly red, itchy, blistered, blotchy, or swollen. Rashes are relatively common in babies and children, and their causes can vary widely. Sometimes a rash indicates an allergic reaction or a mild infection. Other times it points to a serious condition like measles. […] This guide breaks down 14 possible causes of rashes in little ones, including the following: Contact dermatitis, Atopic dermatitis (eczema), Fifth disease, Heat rash, Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD), Measles, Hives, Roseola, Poison ivy, oak, or sumac, Molluscum, Chickenpox, Impetigo, Ringworm, Swimmer’s itch. […] Common culprits of contact dermatitis include soap, detergent, lotion, perfume, cosmetics, jewelry, latex items, metals (especially nickel), chemicals, and poisonous plants. The rash appears in the places directly exposed to the irritant or allergen.

• #22 5 Common Skin Conditions/Rashes in Babies/Children | Kids Clinic

  https://kidsclinic.sg/pd-guides/parenting-tips/five-common-skin-conditions-rashes-babies-children/

  Babies and children generally have sensitive skin which can react to many triggers such as dryness, germs and irritants. […] Eczema is the most common skin condition affecting babies and children, usually beginning in infancy or during childhood. […] Diaper rash refers to red and scaling skin rashes around the areas which are covered by the baby’s diapers. […] Diaper rash is commonly caused by Irritant Contact Diaper Dermatitis, from urine and faeces trapped in the diaper. […] Hives (urticaria) is a condition in which red, itchy, and swollen areas appear on the skin, varying in size from small to large patches. […] In 80% of acute hives in children, an ongoing viral infection is usually the most common cause. […] Contact dermatitis is a physiological reaction that occurs when the skin comes in contact with certain substances. […] Irritants to the skin cause 80% of these reactions, while the remaining 20% are caused by allergens. […] Heat rash or prickly heat occurs often during hot weather and humidity due to sweating and blockage of the sweat glands.

• #23 Skin rashes in children | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/skin-hair-and-nails/skin-rashes-in-children/

  Skin rashes in children are common and are often nothing to worry about. […] Skin rashes in children can be caused by various factors, including infections, allergies, and skin conditions. […] Erythema multiforme is a skin rash. Its caused by an allergic reaction to the herpes simplex virus and is usually mild. […] Hives is a common skin reaction that often affects children. It occurs when a trigger causes high levels of histamine and other chemicals to be released in the skin. […] Scabies is a contagious skin condition. Its caused by tiny mites that burrow into the skin. […] Scarlet fever is a highly contagious bacterial infection. It usually affects children between 2 and 8.

• #24 Skin rashes in children | nidirect

  https://www.nidirect.gov.uk/conditions/skin-rashes-children

  Childhood rashes are common. Most rashes are harmless and disappear without the need for treatment. This may give you a better idea of the cause of the rash. But don’t rely on it to diagnose your baby’s condition if they show any signs of being unwell. Always see a GP or contact a GP out of hours service for a proper diagnosis. […] Causes of skin rashes in babies. […] Erythema multiforme is a skin rash (usually mild). It is caused by an allergic reaction to the herpes simplex virus. […] In rare cases, erythema multiforme can be triggered by a reaction to certain medications, such as an antibiotic or anticonvulsant. […] Impetigo is a common and highly contagious skin infection that causes sores and blisters. It is caused by bacterial infection. […] Scabies is a contagious skin condition that’s intensely itchy. It’s caused by tiny mites that burrow into the skin.

• #24 Skin rashes in children | nidirect

  https://www.nidirect.gov.uk/conditions/skin-rashes-children

  Meningitis is an infection of the protective membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord (meninges). The classic rash associated with meningitis usually looks like small, red pinpricks at first. It then quickly spreads over the body and turns into red or purple blotches that wont fade when a glass is rolled over it (this won’t always develop).

• #25 Rash – child under 2 years Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/symptoms/rash-child-under-2-years

  Baby acne is caused by exposure to the mother’s hormones. […] Cradle cap (seborrheic dermatitis) causes greasy, scaling, crusty patches on the scalp that appear in a baby’s first 3 months. […] Eczema is a condition of the skin in which areas are dry, scaly, red (or darker than normal skin color), and itchy. […] Hives are red welts that often seem to move around on the body.

• #26 Newborn Rashes and Skin Conditions – Common Rashes in Babies

  https://www.webmd.com/parenting/baby/baby-skin-rashes

  A newborn’s skin is prone to rashes of all sorts. Fortunately, most of these rashes are harmless and go away on their own. […] Your newborn may develop different types of rashes. If the rash shows up with other symptoms, you should see your doctor right away. […] Pink pimples (’neonatal acne’) may appear when your newborn is 2 weeks old. They are sometimes thought to be caused by exposure in the womb to maternal hormones. […] Erythema toxicum is another common newborn rash. Its cause is unknown, and it resolves without treatment after a few days or weeks. […] Salmon patches (called a ”stork bite” at the back of the neck or an ”angel’s kiss” between the eyes) are simple nests of blood vessels (probably caused by maternal hormones) that fade on their own after a few weeks or months.

• #27 Common Baby Rash Guide: Types, Causes, and Effective Treatments | Pampers

  https://www.pampers.com/en-us/baby/health/article/baby-rash

  While the exact cause is unknown, one theory is that babies get cradle cap due to the production of excess oil (sebum) in the oil glands and hair follicles, which may trap dead skin cells. […] Roseola is caused by a virus, Human Herpes Virus-6. […] The scabies rash is caused by microscopic mites that burrow into the skin, laying their eggs. […] Impetigo may be caused by staphylococcal or streptococcal bacteria. […] Also known as heat rash or prickly heat, miliaria typically happens in hot and humid climates, or if your baby is overheated from being overdressed. […] The exact cause of this rash is unknown.

• #28 Table: Some Causes of Rash in Infants and Children-MSD Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.msdmanuals.com/professional/multimedia/table/some-causes-of-rash-in-infants-and-children

  Kawasaki disease […] Diffuse erythematous maculopapular rash that can vary in appearance (eg, urticarial, target-like, purpuric) but never bullous or vesicular; may involve the palms and/or soles […] Seborrheic dermatitis […] Red and yellow scaling on the scalp (cradle cap) and sometimes in skinfolds […] Diaper rash (noncandidal) […] Bright red rash in the diaper area, sparing creases […] Hemolytic-uremic syndrome […] Petechial rash, pallor […] Erythema multiforme […] Pink-red blotches, symmetrically arranged and starting on the extremities, then evolving into the classic target-like lesion with a pink-red ring around a pale center […] Miliaria (heat rash) […] Small red bumps or occasionally small blisters […] Erythema toxicum […] Flat red splotches (usually with a white, pimple-like bump in the middle), which appear in up to half of all babies […] Neonatal acne […] Red bumps, sometimes with white dots in the center on a neonate’s face […] Pityriasis rosea […] Typically begins as a single, pruritic 2- to 10-cm oval red herald patch on the trunk or proximal limbs.

• #29 20 Causes for Your Childs Skin Rash | Diagnosis & Treatment – Pure Medical

  https://pure-medical.co.uk/childrens-health/childs-skin-rash

  Many childhood disorders are caused by bacteria or viruses and can create a rash. […] A rash of any kind, however, should be treated carefully and may necessitate a visit to the doctor for evaluation. […] Chickenpox is caused by the varicella-zoster virus, which is a highly contagious disease. […] Chickenpox can also be a serious sickness in those with weakened immune systems, including neonates, cancer patients on chemotherapy, athletes on steroids, pregnant women, the elderly, and people living with HIV. […] Measles is caused by a paramyxovirus. […] Rubella is a considerably milder virus-borne illness that affects children (rubivirus). […] Scarlet fever (Scarlatina) is known as strep throat with a rash. […] The rash isn’t dangerous, but the underlying strep throat infection can lead to significant problems.

• #30 Rashes on Children: When Should I Worry? | Banner Health

  https://www.bannerhealth.com/healthcareblog/better-me/rashes-on-children-when-should-i-worry

  Childhood rashes are common, but that doesn’t mean they don’t freak you out any less as a parent. Rashes can be caused or associated with a variety of conditions, from mild conditions like heat rashes to serious conditions like meningitis, said Nurul Hariadi, MD, a pediatric infectious diseases specialist at Banner Health Center. A good rule of thumb to remember is that a local rash is most likely caused by skin contact, exposure to certain materials or substances, and sometimes germs, such as diaper rash or an insect bite. A widespread rash is usually associated with a cause that affects the entire body such as measles. […] Roseola is one of the most common viral infections among children 6 months to 3 years of age. Fifth disease, often called slapped cheek disease, is a common childhood infection caused by parvovirus. Hand, foot and mouth disease is caused by a group of viruses called enteroviruses and is a self-limiting disease, which means it will resolve without specific medication. Impetigo is one of the most common superficial bacterial skin infections in children. MRSA skin infection is caused by a type of Staphylococcus bacteria called Staphylococcus aureus that unfortunately causes infections that don’t respond well to antibiotics that treat less resistant S. aureus. Ringworm, or tinea corporis, is one of the most common fungal skin infections in children. Scarlet fever, or scarlatina, is a bacterial infection that develops in some children who have Strep throat. Atopic dermatitis or eczema is not an infectious disease, it is a chronic skin condition. […] If your child has an unexplained rash, don’t hesitate to call their doctor.

• #31 Rash in Infants and Young Children – Pediatrics – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/pediatrics/symptoms-in-infants-and-children/rash-in-infants-and-young-children

  Rashes can be caused by infection (viral, fungal, or bacterial), contact with irritants, atopy, drug hypersensitivity, other allergic reactions, inflammatory conditions, or vasculitides. […] Overall, the most common causes of rash in infants and young children include diaper rash (with or without candidal infection), seborrhea, atopic dermatitis (eczema), and viral exanthem. […] Numerous viral infections cause rash. Some (eg, chickenpox and measles, both of which are currently uncommon because of vaccination but should be considered in unvaccinated children; erythema infectiosum) have a fairly typical appearance and clinical manifestation; others are nonspecific. […] Uncommon but serious causes of rash include staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome, meningococcemia, Kawasaki disease, and Stevens-Johnson syndrome.

• #32 Rashes and spots on children and babies – Libero

  https://www.libero.com/your-stage/artiklar1/baby/rashes-and-spots-on-children-and-babies/

  Attempting to identify red spots and itchy rashes on your child might become an unexpectedly big part of parenting. […] Your babys skin is thinner than yours by half. That also means its more sensitive, and many little ones develop rashes during their first few years of life. It doesnt take much for those spots to pop up and they can be caused by more or less anything from hormones and eczema to heat, yeast and food. […] Some childhood illnesses cause rashes or so-called viral spots, which are infectious and often accompanied by a fever. […] Heat rash can arise easily, because babies have a harder time regulating their body temperature and may therefore develop a temporary rash caused by heat and moisture. […] A yeast diaper rash will turn babys bottom shiny and red, and the baby will be in pain.

• #33 Baby Rash: Types, Symptoms & MoreCircleBumpCheckedFilledMedicalBookmarkBookmarkTickBookmarkAddCheckBoxCheckBoxFilled

  https://www.thebump.com/a/baby-rash

  Baby’s skin barrier is especially fragile because it’s thinner, immature and the skin is still developing, so that makes it a lot more vulnerable to damage and dryness. […] Sometimes a rash on baby’s butt can actually be a yeast rash caused by fungus that lives on our skin. […] Meningitis is when the lining around the brain and spinal cord (the meninges) is inflamed, and “is a serious infection because it can be present in the blood and brain and cause organ damage, permanent brain damage or death.” […] Strep can cause several types of skin rashes, according to the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), including a scarlet fever rash and skin infections. […] Chickenpox appears as a rash on the body. […] A fungal baby rash is often caused by chronically wet or irritated skin. […] Eczema, often-chronic red, dry patches of skin, is one of the most common skin disorders in babies.

• #34 Common Types of Skin Rashes in Babies and Toddlers

  https://www.whattoexpect.com/childrens-health-and-safety/skin-rashes-in-children.aspx

  Causes: When an insect bites or stings, the body reacts to the bugs saliva or venom by becoming inflamed. […] Causes: Baby skin is extra sensitive and produces fewer moisturizing oils, making it prone to dryness from very cold or dry air, long or very hot baths, or irritating soaps or detergents. […] Causes: Roseola is caused by two viruses that belong to the same family as the herpes simplex virus (HSV), but unlike herpes, roseola doesn’t cause cold sores or genital warts. The infection is highly contagious and can be spread through sneezing, coughing or touching contaminated surfaces. […] Causes: Eating or touching an allergenic food, or in some extreme cases even being near the food, can trigger a reaction. Common allergens include eggs, milk, peanuts, tree nuts, fish, shellfish, wheat and soy.

• #35 Baby rash: Causes and when to see a doctor

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/baby-rash

  It is not possible to prevent all rashes. […] Caregivers can reduce a babys exposure to allergens and triggers to eczema and other rashes. […] If there is no apparent cause of the rash or if the baby is showing other signs of illness, such as a fever, it is best to speak with a doctor. […] Rashes on babies can cause discomfort but usually clear with at-home treatment. […] Treatments vary based on the underlying condition.

• #36 Baby Rash: Causes, Types, Treatments, Prevention

  https://www.healthline.com/health/how-to-spot-and-take-care-of-your-babys-rash

  There are many types of rashes that affect various parts of a babys body. […] Rashes are rarely an emergency. […] Causes of rashes in babies include: heat, allergies, friction, dampness, chemicals, fragrances, fabrics. […] Even their own feces can irritate a babys skin and cause a rash. Viral and bacterial infections can also cause rashes. […] Some of the most common types of infant skin rashes include: baby acne, cradle cap, diaper rash, drool rash, eczema, fifth disease, hand, foot, and mouth disease, heat rash, hives, impetigo, infectious rashes, miliamolluscum contagiosum, thrush. […] Diaper rash is one of the most common baby rashes. […] Eczema is another very common childhood rash. […] It may be caused by allergies or skin sensitivities to food, laundry detergent, types of fabric, or other irritants.

• #37 Rash Information | Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia

  https://www.chop.edu/parents-pack/rash-information

  Many conditions affect the skin, some causing local rashes and others causing rashes that involve the entire body. […] In some cases rashes are the result of an allergic reaction. The reaction may be localized or affect the entire body. […] In a few cases scientists are not sure what causes certain diseases or conditions. Kawasaki syndrome is one such example. […] The rash associated with Kawasaki syndrome tends to appear on the trunk and genital areas, but skin on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet may also be red and swollen. […] People with Kawasaki syndrome can experience complications, such as aneurysms and heart disease, which can be prevented with early recognition of the disease and treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin. […] Because the cause of this condition is not well understood, it is difficult to prevent it. […] This condition was first described in Japan and most often affects children younger than five years old.

• #38 Rashes in children – The Pharmaceutical Journal

  https://pharmaceutical-journal.com/article/ld/rashes-in-children

  Rashes in children are common and may be difficult to differentiate by appearance alone; therefore, it is important to consider the entire clinical presentation in order to make the appropriate diagnosis. […] Childhood rashes are common — most are harmless, have no cause for concern and disappear without treatment. If a child is in good health and has no other symptoms, simple observation of the rash over the following few days may be sufficient and the rash should disappear without needing significant treatment. If the rash is accompanied by high fever, breathing difficulties, vomiting or reduced general health, it may indicate something more serious. […] Skin rashes in children require careful history taking, assessment and skin examination. This article describes a range of rashes in paediatric patients, according to a step-by-step approach to the classification and identification of the rash.

• #39 Baby Rash: Causes, Types, Treatments, Prevention

  https://www.healthline.com/health/how-to-spot-and-take-care-of-your-babys-rash

  Infectious rashes such as thrush, measles, chickenpox, roseola, and scarlet fever should be evaluated by a pediatrician for the best treatment. […] If your baby develops a rash accompanied by a fever or following a fever, its best to call your pediatrician. […] If your baby has a rash that persists for more than a week, doesnt respond to home remedies, or is causing your baby pain or irritation, you should call your doctor. […] A rash accompanied by a very high fever, a stiff neck, sensitivity to light, neurological changes, or uncontrollable shaking may be caused by meningitis and is considered a medical emergency. […] While rashes in babies are very common, there are some steps you can take to help prevent a rash. […] The good news is that rashes tend to be very treatable and arent usually serious.

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