Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Common Skin Conditions & Rashes in Children: Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/6951-skin-conditions-in-children

  Various skin conditions can affect babies, toddlers, children and adolescents throughout their lives. Healthcare providers receive more than 12 million office visits from children each year related to skin concerns. Skin conditions in kids may include hives, warts, acne, birthmarks and all sorts of rashes. […] Many different types of rashes can affect your child. Dermatitis, viral infections, bacterial infections, fungal infections and many other conditions may cause rashes. […] Dermatitis is an umbrella term for any condition that causes skin inflammation. These conditions may cause red rashes, itchiness and dry skin on your child and happen at any age. […] Viral rashes in babies, toddlers and kids are caused by a variety of different viruses. […] Types of baby rashes may also include bacterial infections such as scarlet fever and impetigo.

• #2 Rash in Infants and Young Children – Pediatrics – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/pediatrics/symptoms-in-infants-and-children/rash-in-infants-and-young-children

  Rash is a common symptom, particularly during infancy. Most rashes are not serious. […] Rashes can be caused by infection (viral, fungal, or bacterial), contact with irritants, atopy, drug hypersensitivity, other allergic reactions, inflammatory conditions, or vasculitides. […] Overall, the most common causes of rash in infants and young children include diaper rash (with or without candidal infection), seborrhea, atopic dermatitis (eczema), and viral exanthem. […] Numerous viral infections cause rash. […] Uncommon but serious causes of rash include staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome, meningococcemia, Kawasaki disease, and Stevens-Johnson syndrome. […] History of present illness is focused on the time course of illness, particularly the relationship between the rash and other symptoms.

• #3 Common Skin Rashes in Children | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2015/0801/p211.html

  There are more than 12 million office visits annually for rashes and other skin concerns in children and adolescents, of which 68% are made to primary care physicians. Recognizing key features can help distinguish the different types of rashes. […] The initial approach to a child with a rash begins with the history, which should include the duration of the rash, the initial appearance and how it has evolved, the location, and any treatments that have been used. Parents should also be asked if other household members have a similar rash and if there have been any new medication, product, or environmental exposures. The presence or absence of associated symptoms can help clinicians develop a differential diagnosis. A fever is likely with roseola, erythema infectiosum, and scarlet fever. Pruritus sometimes occurs with atopic dermatitis, pityriasis rosea, erythema infectiosum, molluscum contagiosum, and tinea infection.

• #4 Rash in Infants and Young Children – Pediatrics – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/pediatrics/symptoms-in-infants-and-children/rash-in-infants-and-young-children

  For most children, the history and physical examination are sufficient for diagnosis. […] Treatment of rash is directed at the cause (eg, antifungal cream for candidal infection). […] Most rashes in children are benign. […] For most rashes in infants and children, the history and physical examination are sufficient for diagnosis. […] Children with rash due to serious illness typically have systemic manifestations of disease.

• #5 Common Skin Rashes in Children | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2015/0801/p211.html

  There are more than 12 million office visits annually for rashes and other skin concerns in children and adolescents, of which 68% are made to primary care physicians. Recognizing key features can help distinguish the different types of rashes. […] The initial approach to a child with a rash begins with the history, which should include the duration of the rash, the initial appearance and how it has evolved, the location, and any treatments that have been used. Parents should also be asked if other household members have a similar rash and if there have been any new medication, product, or environmental exposures. The presence or absence of associated symptoms can help clinicians develop a differential diagnosis. A fever is likely with roseola, erythema infectiosum, and scarlet fever. Pruritus sometimes occurs with atopic dermatitis, pityriasis rosea, erythema infectiosum, molluscum contagiosum, and tinea infection.

• #6 Common Skin Rashes in Children | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2015/0801/p211.html

  There are more than 12 million office visits annually for rashes and other skin concerns in children and adolescents, of which 68% are made to primary care physicians. Recognizing key features can help distinguish the different types of rashes. […] The initial approach to a child with a rash begins with the history, which should include the duration of the rash, the initial appearance and how it has evolved, the location, and any treatments that have been used. Parents should also be asked if other household members have a similar rash and if there have been any new medication, product, or environmental exposures. The presence or absence of associated symptoms can help clinicians develop a differential diagnosis. A fever is likely with roseola, erythema infectiosum, and scarlet fever. Pruritus sometimes occurs with atopic dermatitis, pityriasis rosea, erythema infectiosum, molluscum contagiosum, and tinea infection.

• #7 Common Skin Rashes in Children | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2015/0801/p211.html

  There are more than 12 million office visits annually for rashes and other skin concerns in children and adolescents, of which 68% are made to primary care physicians. Recognizing key features can help distinguish the different types of rashes. […] The initial approach to a child with a rash begins with the history, which should include the duration of the rash, the initial appearance and how it has evolved, the location, and any treatments that have been used. Parents should also be asked if other household members have a similar rash and if there have been any new medication, product, or environmental exposures. The presence or absence of associated symptoms can help clinicians develop a differential diagnosis. A fever is likely with roseola, erythema infectiosum, and scarlet fever. Pruritus sometimes occurs with atopic dermatitis, pityriasis rosea, erythema infectiosum, molluscum contagiosum, and tinea infection.

• #8 Common Skin Rashes in Children | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2015/0801/p211.html

  There are more than 12 million office visits annually for rashes and other skin concerns in children and adolescents, of which 68% are made to primary care physicians. Recognizing key features can help distinguish the different types of rashes. […] The initial approach to a child with a rash begins with the history, which should include the duration of the rash, the initial appearance and how it has evolved, the location, and any treatments that have been used. Parents should also be asked if other household members have a similar rash and if there have been any new medication, product, or environmental exposures. The presence or absence of associated symptoms can help clinicians develop a differential diagnosis. A fever is likely with roseola, erythema infectiosum, and scarlet fever. Pruritus sometimes occurs with atopic dermatitis, pityriasis rosea, erythema infectiosum, molluscum contagiosum, and tinea infection.

• #9 Common Skin Rashes in Children | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2015/0801/p211.html

  There are more than 12 million office visits annually for rashes and other skin concerns in children and adolescents, of which 68% are made to primary care physicians. Recognizing key features can help distinguish the different types of rashes. […] The initial approach to a child with a rash begins with the history, which should include the duration of the rash, the initial appearance and how it has evolved, the location, and any treatments that have been used. Parents should also be asked if other household members have a similar rash and if there have been any new medication, product, or environmental exposures. The presence or absence of associated symptoms can help clinicians develop a differential diagnosis. A fever is likely with roseola, erythema infectiosum, and scarlet fever. Pruritus sometimes occurs with atopic dermatitis, pityriasis rosea, erythema infectiosum, molluscum contagiosum, and tinea infection.

• #10 Common Skin Rashes in Children | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2015/0801/p211.html

  There are more than 12 million office visits annually for rashes and other skin concerns in children and adolescents, of which 68% are made to primary care physicians. Recognizing key features can help distinguish the different types of rashes. […] The initial approach to a child with a rash begins with the history, which should include the duration of the rash, the initial appearance and how it has evolved, the location, and any treatments that have been used. Parents should also be asked if other household members have a similar rash and if there have been any new medication, product, or environmental exposures. The presence or absence of associated symptoms can help clinicians develop a differential diagnosis. A fever is likely with roseola, erythema infectiosum, and scarlet fever. Pruritus sometimes occurs with atopic dermatitis, pityriasis rosea, erythema infectiosum, molluscum contagiosum, and tinea infection.

• #11 Common Skin Rashes in Children | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2015/0801/p211.html

  There are more than 12 million office visits annually for rashes and other skin concerns in children and adolescents, of which 68% are made to primary care physicians. Recognizing key features can help distinguish the different types of rashes. […] The initial approach to a child with a rash begins with the history, which should include the duration of the rash, the initial appearance and how it has evolved, the location, and any treatments that have been used. Parents should also be asked if other household members have a similar rash and if there have been any new medication, product, or environmental exposures. The presence or absence of associated symptoms can help clinicians develop a differential diagnosis. A fever is likely with roseola, erythema infectiosum, and scarlet fever. Pruritus sometimes occurs with atopic dermatitis, pityriasis rosea, erythema infectiosum, molluscum contagiosum, and tinea infection.

• #12 Common Skin Rashes in Children | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2015/0801/p211.html

  There are more than 12 million office visits annually for rashes and other skin concerns in children and adolescents, of which 68% are made to primary care physicians. Recognizing key features can help distinguish the different types of rashes. […] The initial approach to a child with a rash begins with the history, which should include the duration of the rash, the initial appearance and how it has evolved, the location, and any treatments that have been used. Parents should also be asked if other household members have a similar rash and if there have been any new medication, product, or environmental exposures. The presence or absence of associated symptoms can help clinicians develop a differential diagnosis. A fever is likely with roseola, erythema infectiosum, and scarlet fever. Pruritus sometimes occurs with atopic dermatitis, pityriasis rosea, erythema infectiosum, molluscum contagiosum, and tinea infection.

• #13 Rash – child under 2 years: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003259.htm

  A rash is a change in the color or texture of the skin. A skin rash can be: […] Most bumps and blotches on a newborn baby are harmless and clear up by themselves. […] Other skin disorders can cause rashes. These are most often not serious unless they occur with other symptoms. […] Contact your child’s provider if your child has: A fever or other unexplained symptoms associated with the rash […] The provider will perform a physical exam. The baby’s skin will be thoroughly examined to determine the extent and type of the rash. […] Tests are seldom required but may include the following: Allergy skin tests […] Depending on the cause of the rash, antihistamines may be recommended to decrease itching. Antibiotics may be prescribed if there is a bacterial infection. […] For eczema, the provider may prescribe ointments or corticosteroid drugs to decrease inflammation.

• #14 Common Skin Rashes in Children | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2015/0801/p211.html

  On physical examination, certain clinical findings may be useful in determining a diagnosis. It is important to determine the type of lesions, such as macules, papules, vesicles, plaques, or pustules. Other important characteristics include location and distribution, arrangement, shape, color, and presence or absence of scale.

• #15 Common Skin Rashes in Children | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2015/0801/p211.html

  On physical examination, certain clinical findings may be useful in determining a diagnosis. It is important to determine the type of lesions, such as macules, papules, vesicles, plaques, or pustules. Other important characteristics include location and distribution, arrangement, shape, color, and presence or absence of scale.

• #16 Common Skin Rashes in Children | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2015/0801/p211.html

  On physical examination, certain clinical findings may be useful in determining a diagnosis. It is important to determine the type of lesions, such as macules, papules, vesicles, plaques, or pustules. Other important characteristics include location and distribution, arrangement, shape, color, and presence or absence of scale.

• #17 Common Skin Rashes in Children | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2015/0801/p211.html

  On physical examination, certain clinical findings may be useful in determining a diagnosis. It is important to determine the type of lesions, such as macules, papules, vesicles, plaques, or pustules. Other important characteristics include location and distribution, arrangement, shape, color, and presence or absence of scale.

• #18 Common Skin Rashes in Children | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2015/0801/p211.html

  On physical examination, certain clinical findings may be useful in determining a diagnosis. It is important to determine the type of lesions, such as macules, papules, vesicles, plaques, or pustules. Other important characteristics include location and distribution, arrangement, shape, color, and presence or absence of scale.

• #19 Rashes in babies and children

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/rashes-babies-and-children/

  Many things can cause a rash in babies and children, and they’re often nothing to worry about. […] This page covers some of the common rashes in babies and children. […] Your child is unwell with a rash and has any of these symptoms: a stiff neck, bothered by light, they seem confused, agitated or they’re not responding like they usually do, difficulty breathing, their skin, lips or tongue look pale, blue, grey or blotchy, sudden swelling of their lips, mouth, throat or tongue, their throat feels tight or they’re struggling to swallow, the rash looks like small bruises or bleeding under the skin and does not fade when you press a glass against it. […] On brown and black skin, it may be easier to see the rash or colour changes on the soles of the feet, palms, lips, tongue and inside the eyelids.

• #20 Rash – child under 2 years: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003259.htm

  A rash is a change in the color or texture of the skin. A skin rash can be: […] Most bumps and blotches on a newborn baby are harmless and clear up by themselves. […] Other skin disorders can cause rashes. These are most often not serious unless they occur with other symptoms. […] Contact your child’s provider if your child has: A fever or other unexplained symptoms associated with the rash […] The provider will perform a physical exam. The baby’s skin will be thoroughly examined to determine the extent and type of the rash. […] Tests are seldom required but may include the following: Allergy skin tests […] Depending on the cause of the rash, antihistamines may be recommended to decrease itching. Antibiotics may be prescribed if there is a bacterial infection. […] For eczema, the provider may prescribe ointments or corticosteroid drugs to decrease inflammation.

• #21 Rash – Child Under 2 Years – UF Health

  https://ufhealth.org/conditions-and-treatments/rash-child-under-2-years

  Contact your child’s provider if your child has: A fever or other unexplained symptoms associated with the rash. […] The provider will perform a physical exam. The baby’s skin will be thoroughly examined to determine the extent and type of the rash. […] Tests are seldom required but may include the following: Allergy skin tests, Blood studies (such as CBC, blood differential), Microscopic examination of a sample of the affected skin. […] Depending on the cause of the rash, antihistamines may be recommended to decrease itching. Antibiotics may be prescribed if there is a bacterial infection.

• #22 Rash – child under 2 years: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003259.htm

  A rash is a change in the color or texture of the skin. A skin rash can be: […] Most bumps and blotches on a newborn baby are harmless and clear up by themselves. […] Other skin disorders can cause rashes. These are most often not serious unless they occur with other symptoms. […] Contact your child’s provider if your child has: A fever or other unexplained symptoms associated with the rash […] The provider will perform a physical exam. The baby’s skin will be thoroughly examined to determine the extent and type of the rash. […] Tests are seldom required but may include the following: Allergy skin tests […] Depending on the cause of the rash, antihistamines may be recommended to decrease itching. Antibiotics may be prescribed if there is a bacterial infection. […] For eczema, the provider may prescribe ointments or corticosteroid drugs to decrease inflammation.

• #23 Skin Rash: Types, Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis & Treatments

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17413-rashes-red-skin

  Everyone from infants to senior citizens can get skin rashes. Infants are prone to diaper rash and cradle cap. Children are prone to atopic dermatitis and catch rash-inducing viruses, such as fifth disease. […] Because so many things can cause a skin rash, diagnosis can be tricky. Your healthcare provider will examine the rash, assess your symptoms and take a medical history. You may undergo tests, such as: […] Allergy tests, such as skin prick (scratch) tests and patch tests, identify allergens. […] If you have a skin rash, talk to your healthcare provider. You may want to ask: Should I get an allergy test? […] Your healthcare provider can identify whats causing the skin rash.

• #24 Rash – Child Under 2 Years – UF Health

  https://ufhealth.org/conditions-and-treatments/rash-child-under-2-years

  Contact your child’s provider if your child has: A fever or other unexplained symptoms associated with the rash. […] The provider will perform a physical exam. The baby’s skin will be thoroughly examined to determine the extent and type of the rash. […] Tests are seldom required but may include the following: Allergy skin tests, Blood studies (such as CBC, blood differential), Microscopic examination of a sample of the affected skin. […] Depending on the cause of the rash, antihistamines may be recommended to decrease itching. Antibiotics may be prescribed if there is a bacterial infection.

• #25 Rash – Child Under 2 Years – UF Health

  https://ufhealth.org/conditions-and-treatments/rash-child-under-2-years

  Contact your child’s provider if your child has: A fever or other unexplained symptoms associated with the rash. […] The provider will perform a physical exam. The baby’s skin will be thoroughly examined to determine the extent and type of the rash. […] Tests are seldom required but may include the following: Allergy skin tests, Blood studies (such as CBC, blood differential), Microscopic examination of a sample of the affected skin. […] Depending on the cause of the rash, antihistamines may be recommended to decrease itching. Antibiotics may be prescribed if there is a bacterial infection.

• #26 Viral Rashes in Babies: Types, Pictures, Diagnosis, Treatment

  https://www.healthline.com/health/parenting/viral-rash-in-babies

  Viral rashes in young children are common. A viral rash, also called a viral exanthem, is a rash that’s caused by an infection with a virus. […] To diagnose the rash, your baby’s doctor will: Ask for your child’s health history, including whether or not your child has been immunized. […] See your doctor if you want a definitive diagnosis of what’s causing the rash, or if you want expert guidance on how to make your child feel more comfortable. […] Most viral rashes go away on their own. Because they’re caused by viruses, antibiotics won’t help speed recovery. […] The best thing you can do is to keep your child comfortable. […] You should also see your child’s doctor if: The rash is causing pain. […] How are viral rashes diagnosed? […] Although uncommon, your doctor may order a blood test for further evaluation and to make a more definitive diagnosis.

• #27 Rash – Child Under 2 Years – UF Health

  https://ufhealth.org/conditions-and-treatments/rash-child-under-2-years

  Contact your child’s provider if your child has: A fever or other unexplained symptoms associated with the rash. […] The provider will perform a physical exam. The baby’s skin will be thoroughly examined to determine the extent and type of the rash. […] Tests are seldom required but may include the following: Allergy skin tests, Blood studies (such as CBC, blood differential), Microscopic examination of a sample of the affected skin. […] Depending on the cause of the rash, antihistamines may be recommended to decrease itching. Antibiotics may be prescribed if there is a bacterial infection.

• #28 Diagnosing Eczema: Rashes in Babies and Children – Happy Skin, PLLC

  https://www.happyskindermatology.com/2024/04/05/diagnosing-eczema-rashes-in-babies-and-children/

  You notice how itchy your child’s skin is–particularly in reddish to brown patches behind her knees and her wrists. Your pediatric dermatology provider in Phoenix, AZ, can help with rash assessment, diagnosis and treatment strategies which truly work. […] Diagnosis and treatment of eczema in children begins with a consultation with your pediatric dermatology provider. The healthcare provider will ask about your child’s medical history and examine the skin carefully, particularly in the affected areas. Sometimes, a skin sample, or biopsy, is taken to rule out skin conditions other than eczema. […] Eczema has no real cure per se. However, this common skin condition can be managed with proper attention at home and from an experienced medical professional.

• #29 Childhood rashes, skin conditions and infections: photos

  https://www.babycentre.co.uk/l1038755/childhood-rashes-skin-conditions-and-infections-photos

  If you suspect your baby may have meningitis, see a doctor straight away: don’t wait. […] See your GP if you think your little one has scarlet fever. They may want to swab your child’s throat to check if it’s scarlet fever. […] See your doctor if you think your baby has scabies. They will prescribe a cream that you’ll need to spread over your baby’s body. […] If you think your baby has nappy rash, see your GP. In most cases, they’ll recommend treatments to soothe the rash and prevent further irritation.

• #30 Rash in Infants and Young Children – Pediatrics – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/pediatrics/symptoms-in-infants-and-children/rash-in-infants-and-young-children

  Rash is a common symptom, particularly during infancy. Most rashes are not serious. […] Rashes can be caused by infection (viral, fungal, or bacterial), contact with irritants, atopy, drug hypersensitivity, other allergic reactions, inflammatory conditions, or vasculitides. […] Overall, the most common causes of rash in infants and young children include diaper rash (with or without candidal infection), seborrhea, atopic dermatitis (eczema), and viral exanthem. […] Numerous viral infections cause rash. […] Uncommon but serious causes of rash include staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome, meningococcemia, Kawasaki disease, and Stevens-Johnson syndrome. […] History of present illness is focused on the time course of illness, particularly the relationship between the rash and other symptoms.

• #31 Common Skin Conditions & Rashes in Children: Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/6951-skin-conditions-in-children

  Various skin conditions can affect babies, toddlers, children and adolescents throughout their lives. Healthcare providers receive more than 12 million office visits from children each year related to skin concerns. Skin conditions in kids may include hives, warts, acne, birthmarks and all sorts of rashes. […] Many different types of rashes can affect your child. Dermatitis, viral infections, bacterial infections, fungal infections and many other conditions may cause rashes. […] Dermatitis is an umbrella term for any condition that causes skin inflammation. These conditions may cause red rashes, itchiness and dry skin on your child and happen at any age. […] Viral rashes in babies, toddlers and kids are caused by a variety of different viruses. […] Types of baby rashes may also include bacterial infections such as scarlet fever and impetigo.

• #32 Common Skin Rashes in Children | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2015/0801/p211.html

  Because childhood rashes may be difficult to differentiate by appearance alone, it is important to consider the entire clinical presentation to help make the appropriate diagnosis. Considerations include the appearance and location of the rash; the clinical course; and associated symptoms, such as pruritus or fever. A fever is likely to occur with roseola, erythema infectiosum (fifth disease), and scarlet fever. Pruritus sometimes occurs with atopic dermatitis, pityriasis rosea, erythema infectiosum, molluscum contagiosum, and tinea infection. The key feature of roseola is a rash presenting after resolution of a high fever, whereas the distinguishing features in pityriasis rosea are a herald patch and a bilateral and symmetric rash in a Christmas tree pattern. The rash associated with scarlet fever usually develops on the upper trunk, then spreads throughout the body, sparing the palms and soles. Impetigo is a superficial bacterial infection that most commonly affects the face and extremities of children. Erythema infectiosum is characterized by a viral prodrome followed by the slapped cheek facial rash. Flesh-colored or pearly white papules with central umbilication occur with molluscum contagiosum, a highly contagious viral infection that usually resolves without intervention. Tinea is a common fungal skin infection in children that affects the scalp, body, groin, feet, hands, or nails. Atopic dermatitis is a chronic, relapsing inflammatory skin condition that may present with a variety of skin changes.

• #33 Viral Exanthems Rashes – Conditions and Treatments | Children’s National Hospital

  https://www.childrensnational.org/get-care/health-library/viral-exanthems-rashes

  The symptoms of roseola may resemble other skin conditions or medical problems. Always consult a physician for the proper diagnosis. […] Roseola is usually diagnosed based on a medical history and physical examination of your child. The rash of roseola that follows a high fever is unique, and often the diagnosis is made simply on physical examination.

• #34 Common Skin Rashes in Children | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2015/0801/p211.html

  Because childhood rashes may be difficult to differentiate by appearance alone, it is important to consider the entire clinical presentation to help make the appropriate diagnosis. Considerations include the appearance and location of the rash; the clinical course; and associated symptoms, such as pruritus or fever. A fever is likely to occur with roseola, erythema infectiosum (fifth disease), and scarlet fever. Pruritus sometimes occurs with atopic dermatitis, pityriasis rosea, erythema infectiosum, molluscum contagiosum, and tinea infection. The key feature of roseola is a rash presenting after resolution of a high fever, whereas the distinguishing features in pityriasis rosea are a herald patch and a bilateral and symmetric rash in a Christmas tree pattern. The rash associated with scarlet fever usually develops on the upper trunk, then spreads throughout the body, sparing the palms and soles. Impetigo is a superficial bacterial infection that most commonly affects the face and extremities of children. Erythema infectiosum is characterized by a viral prodrome followed by the slapped cheek facial rash. Flesh-colored or pearly white papules with central umbilication occur with molluscum contagiosum, a highly contagious viral infection that usually resolves without intervention. Tinea is a common fungal skin infection in children that affects the scalp, body, groin, feet, hands, or nails. Atopic dermatitis is a chronic, relapsing inflammatory skin condition that may present with a variety of skin changes.

• #35 Viral Exanthems Rashes – Conditions and Treatments | Children’s National Hospital

  https://www.childrensnational.org/get-care/health-library/viral-exanthems-rashes

  A viral rash (also known as an exanthem) is an eruptive skin rash that is often related to a viral infection. […] Each of the viral rashes listed here have a distinct pattern, which can aid in the diagnosis. […] The symptoms of chickenpox may resemble other skin problems or medical conditions. Always consult a physician for a diagnosis. […] Chickenpox is usually diagnosed based on a complete medical history and physical examination of the child. The rash of chickenpox is unique, and usually a diagnosis can be made from a physical examination. […] The symptoms of fifth disease may resemble other conditions or medical problems, so consult a physician for proper diagnosis. […] The rash is unique to fifth disease and may be enough to diagnose your child. In some cases, your child may also have blood tests.

• #36 Rashes in babies and children

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/rashes-babies-and-children/

  Your child has a rash you’re worried about and you’re not sure what to do. […] A rash on 1 or both cheeks plus a high temperature, runny nose, sore throat and headache may be slapped cheek syndrome. […] A rash of small, raised bumps that feels rough, like sandpaper, could be scarlet fever. […] A rash usually appears 12 to 48 hours later. It looks like small, raised bumps and starts on the chest and tummy, then spreads. […] A rash of small, raised bumps spread across a child’s chest. […] The rash usually fades within 1 to 3 weeks, but it can sometimes last for longer, especially if you’re hot or stressed. […] Blisters on the hands and feet, with ulcers in the mouth, could be hand, foot and mouth disease. […] The 1st symptoms of hand, foot and mouth disease can be: a sore throat, a high temperature, not wanting to eat.

• #37 Rashes in babies and children

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/rashes-babies-and-children/

  Your child has a rash you’re worried about and you’re not sure what to do. […] A rash on 1 or both cheeks plus a high temperature, runny nose, sore throat and headache may be slapped cheek syndrome. […] A rash of small, raised bumps that feels rough, like sandpaper, could be scarlet fever. […] A rash usually appears 12 to 48 hours later. It looks like small, raised bumps and starts on the chest and tummy, then spreads. […] A rash of small, raised bumps spread across a child’s chest. […] The rash usually fades within 1 to 3 weeks, but it can sometimes last for longer, especially if you’re hot or stressed. […] Blisters on the hands and feet, with ulcers in the mouth, could be hand, foot and mouth disease. […] The 1st symptoms of hand, foot and mouth disease can be: a sore throat, a high temperature, not wanting to eat.

• #38 Rashes

  https://www.rch.org.au/kidsinfo/fact_sheets/rashes/

  If your child has a rash of small, bright-red or purple spots or bruises that do not turn white (blanch) when you push on them, along with a fever, headache, stiff neck or back pain, seek medical advice immediately from your GP or nearest hospital emergency department. […] In nearly all cases, it is not important to know which virus is causing the rash. Most rashes will get better on their own. Antibiotics do not work on viruses and are not given to children with rashes caused by viral infections. […] Rashes caused by viruses are very common in children and babies. […] Most viral rashes are harmless and will go away on their own. […] If you are concerned your child has measles, see a doctor. […] If your child has a fever and a rash that does not turn white (blanch) when pressed or they are very unwell, seek emergency medical care.

• #39 Rashes

  https://www.rch.org.au/kidsinfo/fact_sheets/rashes/

  If your child has a rash of small, bright-red or purple spots or bruises that do not turn white (blanch) when you push on them, along with a fever, headache, stiff neck or back pain, seek medical advice immediately from your GP or nearest hospital emergency department. […] In nearly all cases, it is not important to know which virus is causing the rash. Most rashes will get better on their own. Antibiotics do not work on viruses and are not given to children with rashes caused by viral infections. […] Rashes caused by viruses are very common in children and babies. […] Most viral rashes are harmless and will go away on their own. […] If you are concerned your child has measles, see a doctor. […] If your child has a fever and a rash that does not turn white (blanch) when pressed or they are very unwell, seek emergency medical care.

• #40 Rashes in babies and children

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/rashes-babies-and-children/

  Your child has a rash you’re worried about and you’re not sure what to do. […] A rash on 1 or both cheeks plus a high temperature, runny nose, sore throat and headache may be slapped cheek syndrome. […] A rash of small, raised bumps that feels rough, like sandpaper, could be scarlet fever. […] A rash usually appears 12 to 48 hours later. It looks like small, raised bumps and starts on the chest and tummy, then spreads. […] A rash of small, raised bumps spread across a child’s chest. […] The rash usually fades within 1 to 3 weeks, but it can sometimes last for longer, especially if you’re hot or stressed. […] Blisters on the hands and feet, with ulcers in the mouth, could be hand, foot and mouth disease. […] The 1st symptoms of hand, foot and mouth disease can be: a sore throat, a high temperature, not wanting to eat.

• #41 Common Skin Rashes in Children | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2015/0801/p211.html

  Because childhood rashes may be difficult to differentiate by appearance alone, it is important to consider the entire clinical presentation to help make the appropriate diagnosis. Considerations include the appearance and location of the rash; the clinical course; and associated symptoms, such as pruritus or fever. A fever is likely to occur with roseola, erythema infectiosum (fifth disease), and scarlet fever. Pruritus sometimes occurs with atopic dermatitis, pityriasis rosea, erythema infectiosum, molluscum contagiosum, and tinea infection. The key feature of roseola is a rash presenting after resolution of a high fever, whereas the distinguishing features in pityriasis rosea are a herald patch and a bilateral and symmetric rash in a Christmas tree pattern. The rash associated with scarlet fever usually develops on the upper trunk, then spreads throughout the body, sparing the palms and soles. Impetigo is a superficial bacterial infection that most commonly affects the face and extremities of children. Erythema infectiosum is characterized by a viral prodrome followed by the slapped cheek facial rash. Flesh-colored or pearly white papules with central umbilication occur with molluscum contagiosum, a highly contagious viral infection that usually resolves without intervention. Tinea is a common fungal skin infection in children that affects the scalp, body, groin, feet, hands, or nails. Atopic dermatitis is a chronic, relapsing inflammatory skin condition that may present with a variety of skin changes.

• #42 Childhood rashes, skin conditions and infections: photos

  https://www.babycentre.co.uk/l1038755/childhood-rashes-skin-conditions-and-infections-photos

  If you suspect your baby may have meningitis, see a doctor straight away: don’t wait. […] See your GP if you think your little one has scarlet fever. They may want to swab your child’s throat to check if it’s scarlet fever. […] See your doctor if you think your baby has scabies. They will prescribe a cream that you’ll need to spread over your baby’s body. […] If you think your baby has nappy rash, see your GP. In most cases, they’ll recommend treatments to soothe the rash and prevent further irritation.

• #43 Common Skin Rashes in Children | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2015/0801/p211.html

  Because childhood rashes may be difficult to differentiate by appearance alone, it is important to consider the entire clinical presentation to help make the appropriate diagnosis. Considerations include the appearance and location of the rash; the clinical course; and associated symptoms, such as pruritus or fever. A fever is likely to occur with roseola, erythema infectiosum (fifth disease), and scarlet fever. Pruritus sometimes occurs with atopic dermatitis, pityriasis rosea, erythema infectiosum, molluscum contagiosum, and tinea infection. The key feature of roseola is a rash presenting after resolution of a high fever, whereas the distinguishing features in pityriasis rosea are a herald patch and a bilateral and symmetric rash in a Christmas tree pattern. The rash associated with scarlet fever usually develops on the upper trunk, then spreads throughout the body, sparing the palms and soles. Impetigo is a superficial bacterial infection that most commonly affects the face and extremities of children. Erythema infectiosum is characterized by a viral prodrome followed by the slapped cheek facial rash. Flesh-colored or pearly white papules with central umbilication occur with molluscum contagiosum, a highly contagious viral infection that usually resolves without intervention. Tinea is a common fungal skin infection in children that affects the scalp, body, groin, feet, hands, or nails. Atopic dermatitis is a chronic, relapsing inflammatory skin condition that may present with a variety of skin changes.

• #44 Common Rashes in Childhood | Doctor

  https://patient.info/doctor/common-childhood-rashes

  Has the rash got fluid-filled (vesiculobullous) lesions? […] Consider: Chickenpox (varicella) – vesicles (initially papules, often not noticed), appearing as 'drops of water’. […] Herpes simplex viral (HSV) infection – eczema herpeticum (HSV infection superimposed on pre-existing, often mild, eczema causing an eruption of crusty vesicles and eczematous patches). […] Impetigo – this usually takes the form of itchy lesions with macules, vesicles, bullae, pustules and gold-coloured crusts caused by Staphylococcus aureus or group A beta-haemolytic streptococci. […] Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS) – appears as blistered scalded skin, due to focal staphylococcal infection releasing an exotoxin. […] Toxic epidermal necrolysis – an ill-defined red 'burning/painful’ macular or papular rash, spreading from the face or the upper trunk.

• #45 Rashes in babies and children

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/rashes-babies-and-children/

  The rash of spots can look pink, red, or darker than the surrounding skin, depending on your skin tone. […] A rash of hives spots on the leg, arm and hand of a person with white skin. […] Raised, itchy patches or spots could be caused by an allergic reaction (hives). […] The main symptom of hives is an itchy rash. […] The symptoms of scabies are: intense itching, especially at night, a raised rash or spots. […] If your baby has a red and sore bottom, it could be nappy rash. […] Symptoms of nappy rash can include: red or raw patches on your baby’s bottom or the whole nappy area, skin that looks sore and feels hot to touch, scaly and dry skin, an itchy or painful bottom, your baby seeming uncomfortable or distressed.

• #46 Rashes in babies and children

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/rashes-babies-and-children/

  The rash of spots can look pink, red, or darker than the surrounding skin, depending on your skin tone. […] A rash of hives spots on the leg, arm and hand of a person with white skin. […] Raised, itchy patches or spots could be caused by an allergic reaction (hives). […] The main symptom of hives is an itchy rash. […] The symptoms of scabies are: intense itching, especially at night, a raised rash or spots. […] If your baby has a red and sore bottom, it could be nappy rash. […] Symptoms of nappy rash can include: red or raw patches on your baby’s bottom or the whole nappy area, skin that looks sore and feels hot to touch, scaly and dry skin, an itchy or painful bottom, your baby seeming uncomfortable or distressed.

• #47 How to spot common rashes in babies and children | Livi UK

  https://www.livi.co.uk/your-health/5-common-skin-rashes-in-babies-and-children-and-what-to-do/

  Treatments focus on reducing itching and using special moisturisers called emollients which provide a barrier to protect the area. […] If you think your child has impetigo, see your doctor who may prescribe an antibiotic cream or tablets. […] Chickenpox is another common, and very contagious, childhood infection, which starts with red spots that then fill with fluid. […] Hives is an allergic rash which comes in all shapes and sizes and can appear anywhere on the body. […] If the itching is severe, ask your pharmacist about antihistamines there are some which can be given to children over 12 months of age or ask your doctor, who may prescribe them for infants. […] Nappy rash affects 1 in 3 babies and toddlers at some time. […] If you use a nappy rash cream, followed by a barrier cream, and change nappies regularly it generally clears in two or three days. […] But if your child develops a bright red rash with red or white spots, particularly if it spreads into the folds of their skin, they may have a fungal infection, and you should ask your doctor for advice.

• #48 Skin rashes in children | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/skin-hair-and-nails/skin-rashes-in-children/

  Skin rashes in children are common and are often nothing to worry about. Learn about some common skin rashes in children, what their symptoms are and how to treat them. […] Your child is unwell with a rash and has a rash that looks like small bruises or bleeding under the skin and does not fade when you press a glass against it. […] Cellulitis can usually be diagnosed by assessing the symptoms and examining the skin. […] Eczema is a long-term condition that causes the skin to become itchy, red, dry, and cracked. […] You should speak to your GP if you think your child has eczema. […] Erythema multiforme is a skin rash. […] You should speak to your GP if your child has a rash and seems unwell. […] Speak to your GP or pharmacist if you think your child has impetigo. […] A hives rash is usually short-lived and mild. […] Speak to your GP if you think your child has scabies. […] Speak to your GP if you think your child has scarlet fever.

• #49 5 Common Skin Conditions/Rashes in Babies/Children | Kids Clinic

  https://kidsclinic.sg/pd-guides/parenting-tips/five-common-skin-conditions-rashes-babies-children/

  The most common skin condition affecting babies and children, eczema usually begins in infancy (3 months and above) or during childhood. To confirm the diagnosis of eczema, your child’s doctor will ask questions concerning the rash and do a physical examination. Usually, no laboratory or skin tests are required to make the diagnosis. […] Symptoms of diaper dermatitis may be similar to other more serious conditions. Thus, it is advisable to consult your child’s paediatrician to get a proper assessment. […] If you are unsure, consult your child’s doctor for a clinical diagnosis. […] If your baby or child is displaying symptoms of a skin condition, it is advisable to make an appointment with your child’s doctor and get a clinical diagnosis.

• #50 Rash – Child Under 2 Years – UF Health

  https://ufhealth.org/conditions-and-treatments/rash-child-under-2-years

  A rash is a change in the color or texture of the skin. […] The most common skin problem in infants is diaper rash. Diaper rash is an irritation of the skin caused by dampness, urine, or feces. […] Other skin disorders can cause rashes. These are most often not serious unless they occur with other symptoms. […] Causes may include: Diaper rash (rash in the diaper area) is a skin irritation caused by long-term dampness and by urine and feces touching the skin. […] Heat rash, or prickly heat, is caused by the blockage of the pores that lead to the sweat glands. […] Erythema toxicum can cause flat red splotches (usually with a white, pimple-like bump in the middle) that appear in up to one half of all babies. […] Eczema is a condition of the skin in which areas are dry, scaly, red (or darker than normal skin color), and itchy.

• #51 Diaper Dermatitis (Diaper Rash) | Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia

  https://www.chop.edu/conditions-diseases/diaper-dermatitis-diaper-rash

  Diaper rash is usually diagnosed based on the location and appearance of the rash during physical examination of your child. In addition, your child’s primary care provider may do skin scraping to aid in the diagnosis. […] The symptoms of diaper dermatitis may resemble other skin conditions. Always consult your child’s primary care provider for a diagnosis.

• #52 Rashes in babies and children

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/rashes-babies-and-children/

  The rash of spots can look pink, red, or darker than the surrounding skin, depending on your skin tone. […] A rash of hives spots on the leg, arm and hand of a person with white skin. […] Raised, itchy patches or spots could be caused by an allergic reaction (hives). […] The main symptom of hives is an itchy rash. […] The symptoms of scabies are: intense itching, especially at night, a raised rash or spots. […] If your baby has a red and sore bottom, it could be nappy rash. […] Symptoms of nappy rash can include: red or raw patches on your baby’s bottom or the whole nappy area, skin that looks sore and feels hot to touch, scaly and dry skin, an itchy or painful bottom, your baby seeming uncomfortable or distressed.

• #53 Rashes in babies and children

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/rashes-babies-and-children/

  The rash of spots can look pink, red, or darker than the surrounding skin, depending on your skin tone. […] A rash of hives spots on the leg, arm and hand of a person with white skin. […] Raised, itchy patches or spots could be caused by an allergic reaction (hives). […] The main symptom of hives is an itchy rash. […] The symptoms of scabies are: intense itching, especially at night, a raised rash or spots. […] If your baby has a red and sore bottom, it could be nappy rash. […] Symptoms of nappy rash can include: red or raw patches on your baby’s bottom or the whole nappy area, skin that looks sore and feels hot to touch, scaly and dry skin, an itchy or painful bottom, your baby seeming uncomfortable or distressed.

• #54 Rashes in babies and children

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/rashes-babies-and-children/

  The rash of spots can look pink, red, or darker than the surrounding skin, depending on your skin tone. […] A rash of hives spots on the leg, arm and hand of a person with white skin. […] Raised, itchy patches or spots could be caused by an allergic reaction (hives). […] The main symptom of hives is an itchy rash. […] The symptoms of scabies are: intense itching, especially at night, a raised rash or spots. […] If your baby has a red and sore bottom, it could be nappy rash. […] Symptoms of nappy rash can include: red or raw patches on your baby’s bottom or the whole nappy area, skin that looks sore and feels hot to touch, scaly and dry skin, an itchy or painful bottom, your baby seeming uncomfortable or distressed.

• #55 Rashes in babies and children

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/rashes-babies-and-children/

  The rash of spots can look pink, red, or darker than the surrounding skin, depending on your skin tone. […] A rash of hives spots on the leg, arm and hand of a person with white skin. […] Raised, itchy patches or spots could be caused by an allergic reaction (hives). […] The main symptom of hives is an itchy rash. […] The symptoms of scabies are: intense itching, especially at night, a raised rash or spots. […] If your baby has a red and sore bottom, it could be nappy rash. […] Symptoms of nappy rash can include: red or raw patches on your baby’s bottom or the whole nappy area, skin that looks sore and feels hot to touch, scaly and dry skin, an itchy or painful bottom, your baby seeming uncomfortable or distressed.

• #56 Rashes in babies and children

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/rashes-babies-and-children/

  The rash of spots can look pink, red, or darker than the surrounding skin, depending on your skin tone. […] A rash of hives spots on the leg, arm and hand of a person with white skin. […] Raised, itchy patches or spots could be caused by an allergic reaction (hives). […] The main symptom of hives is an itchy rash. […] The symptoms of scabies are: intense itching, especially at night, a raised rash or spots. […] If your baby has a red and sore bottom, it could be nappy rash. […] Symptoms of nappy rash can include: red or raw patches on your baby’s bottom or the whole nappy area, skin that looks sore and feels hot to touch, scaly and dry skin, an itchy or painful bottom, your baby seeming uncomfortable or distressed.

• #57 How to spot common rashes in babies and children | Livi UK

  https://www.livi.co.uk/your-health/5-common-skin-rashes-in-babies-and-children-and-what-to-do/

  Treatments focus on reducing itching and using special moisturisers called emollients which provide a barrier to protect the area. […] If you think your child has impetigo, see your doctor who may prescribe an antibiotic cream or tablets. […] Chickenpox is another common, and very contagious, childhood infection, which starts with red spots that then fill with fluid. […] Hives is an allergic rash which comes in all shapes and sizes and can appear anywhere on the body. […] If the itching is severe, ask your pharmacist about antihistamines there are some which can be given to children over 12 months of age or ask your doctor, who may prescribe them for infants. […] Nappy rash affects 1 in 3 babies and toddlers at some time. […] If you use a nappy rash cream, followed by a barrier cream, and change nappies regularly it generally clears in two or three days. […] But if your child develops a bright red rash with red or white spots, particularly if it spreads into the folds of their skin, they may have a fungal infection, and you should ask your doctor for advice.

• #58 Symptom Checker

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/symptom-checker/skin-rashes-in-children-child/related-factors/itt-20009075

  Consult your child’s doctor if: […] A rash or lesion affects the eyes […] A rash is accompanied by a fever, dizziness, shortness of breath, vomiting or a stiff neck […] A rash is accompanied by any other troubling symptoms.

• #59 Rashes in babies and children

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/rashes-babies-and-children/

  Many things can cause a rash in babies and children, and they’re often nothing to worry about. […] This page covers some of the common rashes in babies and children. […] Your child is unwell with a rash and has any of these symptoms: a stiff neck, bothered by light, they seem confused, agitated or they’re not responding like they usually do, difficulty breathing, their skin, lips or tongue look pale, blue, grey or blotchy, sudden swelling of their lips, mouth, throat or tongue, their throat feels tight or they’re struggling to swallow, the rash looks like small bruises or bleeding under the skin and does not fade when you press a glass against it. […] On brown and black skin, it may be easier to see the rash or colour changes on the soles of the feet, palms, lips, tongue and inside the eyelids.

• #60

  https://111.wales.nhs.uk/encyclopaedia/s/article/skinrashesinbabiesandchildren

  Many things can cause a rash in babies and children, and they’re often nothing to worry about. […] Call 999 or go to A E now if: Your child is unwell with a rash and has any of these symptoms: a stiff neck, bothered by light, they seem confused, agitated or they’re not responding like they usually do, difficulty breathing (you may notice grunting noises or their tummy sucking under their ribs), breathlessness, or they’re breathing very fast, their skin, lips or tongue look pale, blue, grey or blotchy, sudden swelling of their lips, mouth, throat or tongue, their throat feels tight or they’re struggling to swallow, the rash looks like small bruises or bleeding under the skin and does not fade when you press a glass against it. […] Ask for an urgent GP appointment or get help from NHS 111 if: Your child has a rash you’re worried about and you’re not sure what to do. […] Speak to a GP if you think your child has Scarlet fever. […] Speak to a GP if you think your child has eczema. […] Speak to a GP if you think your child may have impetigo.

• #61 Rashes in babies and children

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/rashes-babies-and-children/

  Many things can cause a rash in babies and children, and they’re often nothing to worry about. […] This page covers some of the common rashes in babies and children. […] Your child is unwell with a rash and has any of these symptoms: a stiff neck, bothered by light, they seem confused, agitated or they’re not responding like they usually do, difficulty breathing, their skin, lips or tongue look pale, blue, grey or blotchy, sudden swelling of their lips, mouth, throat or tongue, their throat feels tight or they’re struggling to swallow, the rash looks like small bruises or bleeding under the skin and does not fade when you press a glass against it. […] On brown and black skin, it may be easier to see the rash or colour changes on the soles of the feet, palms, lips, tongue and inside the eyelids.

• #62 Rashes in babies and children

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/rashes-babies-and-children/

  Many things can cause a rash in babies and children, and they’re often nothing to worry about. […] This page covers some of the common rashes in babies and children. […] Your child is unwell with a rash and has any of these symptoms: a stiff neck, bothered by light, they seem confused, agitated or they’re not responding like they usually do, difficulty breathing, their skin, lips or tongue look pale, blue, grey or blotchy, sudden swelling of their lips, mouth, throat or tongue, their throat feels tight or they’re struggling to swallow, the rash looks like small bruises or bleeding under the skin and does not fade when you press a glass against it. […] On brown and black skin, it may be easier to see the rash or colour changes on the soles of the feet, palms, lips, tongue and inside the eyelids.

• #63 Rashes in babies and children

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/rashes-babies-and-children/

  Many things can cause a rash in babies and children, and they’re often nothing to worry about. […] This page covers some of the common rashes in babies and children. […] Your child is unwell with a rash and has any of these symptoms: a stiff neck, bothered by light, they seem confused, agitated or they’re not responding like they usually do, difficulty breathing, their skin, lips or tongue look pale, blue, grey or blotchy, sudden swelling of their lips, mouth, throat or tongue, their throat feels tight or they’re struggling to swallow, the rash looks like small bruises or bleeding under the skin and does not fade when you press a glass against it. […] On brown and black skin, it may be easier to see the rash or colour changes on the soles of the feet, palms, lips, tongue and inside the eyelids.

• #64 Rashes in babies and children

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/rashes-babies-and-children/

  Many things can cause a rash in babies and children, and they’re often nothing to worry about. […] This page covers some of the common rashes in babies and children. […] Your child is unwell with a rash and has any of these symptoms: a stiff neck, bothered by light, they seem confused, agitated or they’re not responding like they usually do, difficulty breathing, their skin, lips or tongue look pale, blue, grey or blotchy, sudden swelling of their lips, mouth, throat or tongue, their throat feels tight or they’re struggling to swallow, the rash looks like small bruises or bleeding under the skin and does not fade when you press a glass against it. […] On brown and black skin, it may be easier to see the rash or colour changes on the soles of the feet, palms, lips, tongue and inside the eyelids.

• #65 Rashes in babies and children

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/rashes-babies-and-children/

  Many things can cause a rash in babies and children, and they’re often nothing to worry about. […] This page covers some of the common rashes in babies and children. […] Your child is unwell with a rash and has any of these symptoms: a stiff neck, bothered by light, they seem confused, agitated or they’re not responding like they usually do, difficulty breathing, their skin, lips or tongue look pale, blue, grey or blotchy, sudden swelling of their lips, mouth, throat or tongue, their throat feels tight or they’re struggling to swallow, the rash looks like small bruises or bleeding under the skin and does not fade when you press a glass against it. […] On brown and black skin, it may be easier to see the rash or colour changes on the soles of the feet, palms, lips, tongue and inside the eyelids.

• #66 Rashes in babies and children

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/rashes-babies-and-children/

  Many things can cause a rash in babies and children, and they’re often nothing to worry about. […] This page covers some of the common rashes in babies and children. […] Your child is unwell with a rash and has any of these symptoms: a stiff neck, bothered by light, they seem confused, agitated or they’re not responding like they usually do, difficulty breathing, their skin, lips or tongue look pale, blue, grey or blotchy, sudden swelling of their lips, mouth, throat or tongue, their throat feels tight or they’re struggling to swallow, the rash looks like small bruises or bleeding under the skin and does not fade when you press a glass against it. […] On brown and black skin, it may be easier to see the rash or colour changes on the soles of the feet, palms, lips, tongue and inside the eyelids.

• #67 Rashes in babies and children

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/rashes-babies-and-children/

  Many things can cause a rash in babies and children, and they’re often nothing to worry about. […] This page covers some of the common rashes in babies and children. […] Your child is unwell with a rash and has any of these symptoms: a stiff neck, bothered by light, they seem confused, agitated or they’re not responding like they usually do, difficulty breathing, their skin, lips or tongue look pale, blue, grey or blotchy, sudden swelling of their lips, mouth, throat or tongue, their throat feels tight or they’re struggling to swallow, the rash looks like small bruises or bleeding under the skin and does not fade when you press a glass against it. […] On brown and black skin, it may be easier to see the rash or colour changes on the soles of the feet, palms, lips, tongue and inside the eyelids.

• #68 Rashes

  https://www.rch.org.au/kidsinfo/fact_sheets/rashes/

  Rashes are very common in children and babies. Most rashes are caused by common viral infections, and are nothing to be worried about. Usually, rashes are harmless and will go away on their own. […] If your child has a rash of small, bright-red or purple spots or bruises that do not turn white (blanch) when you press on them, seek urgent medical attention. […] Rashes can have many different appearances: red, flat areas; raised bumps; blisters; welts; or any combination of these. It can be common for the rash to spread to most or all of the body before it goes away. The rash may last for days to weeks. […] Most rashes are mild and do not cause your child any distress, although some rashes can cause a lot of itching. […] Often the viral infection causing the rash will also cause your child to have a fever. The fever often happens at the start of the illness, before the rash appears. When the rash appears, it means your child is getting better. However, if your child has a fever with their rash, take them to see your GP.

• #69 Baby Rash: Causes, Types, Treatments, Prevention

  https://www.healthline.com/health/how-to-spot-and-take-care-of-your-babys-rash

  There are many types of rashes that affect various parts of a babys body. […] These rashes are typically very treatable. While they may be uncomfortable, they arent cause for alarm. Rashes are rarely an emergency. […] Sometimes, infant rashes can indicate a more serious illness. […] Bring your child to a doctor if theyre experiencing a rash with a fever. […] If your baby develops a rash accompanied by a fever or following a fever, its best to call your pediatrician. The cause may be infectious and you should have your child evaluated by a doctor. […] If your baby has a rash that persists for more than a week, doesnt respond to home remedies, or is causing your baby pain or irritation, you should call your doctor. […] A rash accompanied by a very high fever, a stiff neck, sensitivity to light, neurological changes, or uncontrollable shaking may be caused by meningitis and is considered a medical emergency. […] If youre concerned about your childs rash, or the rash is accompanied by a fever, call your pediatrician. They can help determine what is causing your babys rash and how to treat it.

• #70 Baby Rash: Causes, Types, Treatments, Prevention

  https://www.healthline.com/health/how-to-spot-and-take-care-of-your-babys-rash

  There are many types of rashes that affect various parts of a babys body. […] These rashes are typically very treatable. While they may be uncomfortable, they arent cause for alarm. Rashes are rarely an emergency. […] Sometimes, infant rashes can indicate a more serious illness. […] Bring your child to a doctor if theyre experiencing a rash with a fever. […] If your baby develops a rash accompanied by a fever or following a fever, its best to call your pediatrician. The cause may be infectious and you should have your child evaluated by a doctor. […] If your baby has a rash that persists for more than a week, doesnt respond to home remedies, or is causing your baby pain or irritation, you should call your doctor. […] A rash accompanied by a very high fever, a stiff neck, sensitivity to light, neurological changes, or uncontrollable shaking may be caused by meningitis and is considered a medical emergency. […] If youre concerned about your childs rash, or the rash is accompanied by a fever, call your pediatrician. They can help determine what is causing your babys rash and how to treat it.

• #71 Baby Rash: Causes, Types, Treatments, and Prevention

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/baby-rash-8621953

  Many types of rashes can affect a baby’s skin on various parts of their bodies. Most rashes are uncomfortable but treatable. Other times, infant rashes can indicate a more serious illness that requires medical treatment. […] Parents should have their pediatrician examine their baby’s rash for a diagnosis and recommendations. […] Call your healthcare provider when a rash lasts longer than a week or is spreading. Your child may need medical treatment if they experience a rash with any of the following symptoms: Fever, Pain, Irritability, Lethargy (tiredness), Wheezing, Swollen face, Trouble breathing, Stiff neck, Sensitivity to light. […] Babies commonly experience rashes on various parts of their bodies. Possible causes of baby rashes include infections, allergies, heat, friction, moisture, and irritants. Many types of rashes are uncomfortable but can be treated. Occasionally, a rash may indicate a baby has a serious medical condition or infection, such as meningitis.

• #72 Baby Rash: Causes, Types, Treatments, Prevention

  https://www.healthline.com/health/how-to-spot-and-take-care-of-your-babys-rash

  There are many types of rashes that affect various parts of a babys body. […] These rashes are typically very treatable. While they may be uncomfortable, they arent cause for alarm. Rashes are rarely an emergency. […] Sometimes, infant rashes can indicate a more serious illness. […] Bring your child to a doctor if theyre experiencing a rash with a fever. […] If your baby develops a rash accompanied by a fever or following a fever, its best to call your pediatrician. The cause may be infectious and you should have your child evaluated by a doctor. […] If your baby has a rash that persists for more than a week, doesnt respond to home remedies, or is causing your baby pain or irritation, you should call your doctor. […] A rash accompanied by a very high fever, a stiff neck, sensitivity to light, neurological changes, or uncontrollable shaking may be caused by meningitis and is considered a medical emergency. […] If youre concerned about your childs rash, or the rash is accompanied by a fever, call your pediatrician. They can help determine what is causing your babys rash and how to treat it.

• #73 Baby Rash: Causes, Types, Treatments, Prevention

  https://www.healthline.com/health/how-to-spot-and-take-care-of-your-babys-rash

  There are many types of rashes that affect various parts of a babys body. […] These rashes are typically very treatable. While they may be uncomfortable, they arent cause for alarm. Rashes are rarely an emergency. […] Sometimes, infant rashes can indicate a more serious illness. […] Bring your child to a doctor if theyre experiencing a rash with a fever. […] If your baby develops a rash accompanied by a fever or following a fever, its best to call your pediatrician. The cause may be infectious and you should have your child evaluated by a doctor. […] If your baby has a rash that persists for more than a week, doesnt respond to home remedies, or is causing your baby pain or irritation, you should call your doctor. […] A rash accompanied by a very high fever, a stiff neck, sensitivity to light, neurological changes, or uncontrollable shaking may be caused by meningitis and is considered a medical emergency. […] If youre concerned about your childs rash, or the rash is accompanied by a fever, call your pediatrician. They can help determine what is causing your babys rash and how to treat it.

• #74 Baby Rash: Causes, Types, Treatments, Prevention

  https://www.healthline.com/health/how-to-spot-and-take-care-of-your-babys-rash

  There are many types of rashes that affect various parts of a babys body. […] These rashes are typically very treatable. While they may be uncomfortable, they arent cause for alarm. Rashes are rarely an emergency. […] Sometimes, infant rashes can indicate a more serious illness. […] Bring your child to a doctor if theyre experiencing a rash with a fever. […] If your baby develops a rash accompanied by a fever or following a fever, its best to call your pediatrician. The cause may be infectious and you should have your child evaluated by a doctor. […] If your baby has a rash that persists for more than a week, doesnt respond to home remedies, or is causing your baby pain or irritation, you should call your doctor. […] A rash accompanied by a very high fever, a stiff neck, sensitivity to light, neurological changes, or uncontrollable shaking may be caused by meningitis and is considered a medical emergency. […] If youre concerned about your childs rash, or the rash is accompanied by a fever, call your pediatrician. They can help determine what is causing your babys rash and how to treat it.

• #75 Rashes

  https://www.rch.org.au/kidsinfo/fact_sheets/rashes/

  Rashes are very common in children and babies. Most rashes are caused by common viral infections, and are nothing to be worried about. Usually, rashes are harmless and will go away on their own. […] If your child has a rash of small, bright-red or purple spots or bruises that do not turn white (blanch) when you press on them, seek urgent medical attention. […] Rashes can have many different appearances: red, flat areas; raised bumps; blisters; welts; or any combination of these. It can be common for the rash to spread to most or all of the body before it goes away. The rash may last for days to weeks. […] Most rashes are mild and do not cause your child any distress, although some rashes can cause a lot of itching. […] Often the viral infection causing the rash will also cause your child to have a fever. The fever often happens at the start of the illness, before the rash appears. When the rash appears, it means your child is getting better. However, if your child has a fever with their rash, take them to see your GP.

• #76 Baby Rash: Causes, Types, Treatments, and Prevention

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/baby-rash-8621953

  Many types of rashes can affect a baby’s skin on various parts of their bodies. Most rashes are uncomfortable but treatable. Other times, infant rashes can indicate a more serious illness that requires medical treatment. […] Parents should have their pediatrician examine their baby’s rash for a diagnosis and recommendations. […] Call your healthcare provider when a rash lasts longer than a week or is spreading. Your child may need medical treatment if they experience a rash with any of the following symptoms: Fever, Pain, Irritability, Lethargy (tiredness), Wheezing, Swollen face, Trouble breathing, Stiff neck, Sensitivity to light. […] Babies commonly experience rashes on various parts of their bodies. Possible causes of baby rashes include infections, allergies, heat, friction, moisture, and irritants. Many types of rashes are uncomfortable but can be treated. Occasionally, a rash may indicate a baby has a serious medical condition or infection, such as meningitis.

• #77 Baby Rash: Causes, Types, Treatments, and Prevention

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/baby-rash-8621953

  Many types of rashes can affect a baby’s skin on various parts of their bodies. Most rashes are uncomfortable but treatable. Other times, infant rashes can indicate a more serious illness that requires medical treatment. […] Parents should have their pediatrician examine their baby’s rash for a diagnosis and recommendations. […] Call your healthcare provider when a rash lasts longer than a week or is spreading. Your child may need medical treatment if they experience a rash with any of the following symptoms: Fever, Pain, Irritability, Lethargy (tiredness), Wheezing, Swollen face, Trouble breathing, Stiff neck, Sensitivity to light. […] Babies commonly experience rashes on various parts of their bodies. Possible causes of baby rashes include infections, allergies, heat, friction, moisture, and irritants. Many types of rashes are uncomfortable but can be treated. Occasionally, a rash may indicate a baby has a serious medical condition or infection, such as meningitis.

• #78 Baby Rash: Causes, Types, Treatments, Prevention

  https://www.healthline.com/health/how-to-spot-and-take-care-of-your-babys-rash

  There are many types of rashes that affect various parts of a babys body. […] These rashes are typically very treatable. While they may be uncomfortable, they arent cause for alarm. Rashes are rarely an emergency. […] Sometimes, infant rashes can indicate a more serious illness. […] Bring your child to a doctor if theyre experiencing a rash with a fever. […] If your baby develops a rash accompanied by a fever or following a fever, its best to call your pediatrician. The cause may be infectious and you should have your child evaluated by a doctor. […] If your baby has a rash that persists for more than a week, doesnt respond to home remedies, or is causing your baby pain or irritation, you should call your doctor. […] A rash accompanied by a very high fever, a stiff neck, sensitivity to light, neurological changes, or uncontrollable shaking may be caused by meningitis and is considered a medical emergency. […] If youre concerned about your childs rash, or the rash is accompanied by a fever, call your pediatrician. They can help determine what is causing your babys rash and how to treat it.

• #79 Baby Rash: Causes, Types, Treatments, and Prevention

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/baby-rash-8621953

  Many types of rashes can affect a baby’s skin on various parts of their bodies. Most rashes are uncomfortable but treatable. Other times, infant rashes can indicate a more serious illness that requires medical treatment. […] Parents should have their pediatrician examine their baby’s rash for a diagnosis and recommendations. […] Call your healthcare provider when a rash lasts longer than a week or is spreading. Your child may need medical treatment if they experience a rash with any of the following symptoms: Fever, Pain, Irritability, Lethargy (tiredness), Wheezing, Swollen face, Trouble breathing, Stiff neck, Sensitivity to light. […] Babies commonly experience rashes on various parts of their bodies. Possible causes of baby rashes include infections, allergies, heat, friction, moisture, and irritants. Many types of rashes are uncomfortable but can be treated. Occasionally, a rash may indicate a baby has a serious medical condition or infection, such as meningitis.

• #80 Baby Rash: Causes, Types, Treatments, and Prevention

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/baby-rash-8621953

  Many types of rashes can affect a baby’s skin on various parts of their bodies. Most rashes are uncomfortable but treatable. Other times, infant rashes can indicate a more serious illness that requires medical treatment. […] Parents should have their pediatrician examine their baby’s rash for a diagnosis and recommendations. […] Call your healthcare provider when a rash lasts longer than a week or is spreading. Your child may need medical treatment if they experience a rash with any of the following symptoms: Fever, Pain, Irritability, Lethargy (tiredness), Wheezing, Swollen face, Trouble breathing, Stiff neck, Sensitivity to light. […] Babies commonly experience rashes on various parts of their bodies. Possible causes of baby rashes include infections, allergies, heat, friction, moisture, and irritants. Many types of rashes are uncomfortable but can be treated. Occasionally, a rash may indicate a baby has a serious medical condition or infection, such as meningitis.

• #81 Rash in Infants and Young Children – Pediatrics – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/pediatrics/symptoms-in-infants-and-children/rash-in-infants-and-young-children

  Rash is a common symptom, particularly during infancy. Most rashes are not serious. […] Rashes can be caused by infection (viral, fungal, or bacterial), contact with irritants, atopy, drug hypersensitivity, other allergic reactions, inflammatory conditions, or vasculitides. […] Overall, the most common causes of rash in infants and young children include diaper rash (with or without candidal infection), seborrhea, atopic dermatitis (eczema), and viral exanthem. […] Numerous viral infections cause rash. […] Uncommon but serious causes of rash include staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome, meningococcemia, Kawasaki disease, and Stevens-Johnson syndrome. […] History of present illness is focused on the time course of illness, particularly the relationship between the rash and other symptoms.

• #82 Rash in Infants and Young Children – Pediatrics – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/pediatrics/symptoms-in-infants-and-children/rash-in-infants-and-young-children

  Rash is a common symptom, particularly during infancy. Most rashes are not serious. […] Rashes can be caused by infection (viral, fungal, or bacterial), contact with irritants, atopy, drug hypersensitivity, other allergic reactions, inflammatory conditions, or vasculitides. […] Overall, the most common causes of rash in infants and young children include diaper rash (with or without candidal infection), seborrhea, atopic dermatitis (eczema), and viral exanthem. […] Numerous viral infections cause rash. […] Uncommon but serious causes of rash include staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome, meningococcemia, Kawasaki disease, and Stevens-Johnson syndrome. […] History of present illness is focused on the time course of illness, particularly the relationship between the rash and other symptoms.

• #83 Baby Rash: Causes, Types, Treatments, Prevention

  https://www.healthline.com/health/how-to-spot-and-take-care-of-your-babys-rash

  There are many types of rashes that affect various parts of a babys body. […] These rashes are typically very treatable. While they may be uncomfortable, they arent cause for alarm. Rashes are rarely an emergency. […] Sometimes, infant rashes can indicate a more serious illness. […] Bring your child to a doctor if theyre experiencing a rash with a fever. […] If your baby develops a rash accompanied by a fever or following a fever, its best to call your pediatrician. The cause may be infectious and you should have your child evaluated by a doctor. […] If your baby has a rash that persists for more than a week, doesnt respond to home remedies, or is causing your baby pain or irritation, you should call your doctor. […] A rash accompanied by a very high fever, a stiff neck, sensitivity to light, neurological changes, or uncontrollable shaking may be caused by meningitis and is considered a medical emergency. […] If youre concerned about your childs rash, or the rash is accompanied by a fever, call your pediatrician. They can help determine what is causing your babys rash and how to treat it.

• #84 Rashes in kids—when to worry – Hamilton Health Sciences

  https://www.hamiltonhealthsciences.ca/share/rashes-when-to-worry/

  Rashes are a common source of visits to the doctor, especially among kids. Occasionally, they can be a sign of very serious illness. Most of the time, they’re just a mild annoyance. The trouble with rashes is that the difference between harmful and harmless rashes can be tough to spot. […] Dr. Crocco recommends checking for 5 characteristics to help determine whether a rash is cause for concern and one that should be seen in the Emergency Department. […] If a rash is accompanied by a fever lasting 5 or more days, visit the Emergency Department so doctors can rule out Kawasaki disease. […] Most rashes do get better on their own, but if you aren’t sure about a rash, or if your child appears unwell in addition to having a rash, you should get immediate medical help.

• #85 Common Skin Rashes in Children | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2015/0801/p211.html

  Because childhood rashes may be difficult to differentiate by appearance alone, it is important to consider the entire clinical presentation to help make the appropriate diagnosis. Considerations include the appearance and location of the rash; the clinical course; and associated symptoms, such as pruritus or fever. A fever is likely to occur with roseola, erythema infectiosum (fifth disease), and scarlet fever. Pruritus sometimes occurs with atopic dermatitis, pityriasis rosea, erythema infectiosum, molluscum contagiosum, and tinea infection. The key feature of roseola is a rash presenting after resolution of a high fever, whereas the distinguishing features in pityriasis rosea are a herald patch and a bilateral and symmetric rash in a Christmas tree pattern. The rash associated with scarlet fever usually develops on the upper trunk, then spreads throughout the body, sparing the palms and soles. Impetigo is a superficial bacterial infection that most commonly affects the face and extremities of children. Erythema infectiosum is characterized by a viral prodrome followed by the slapped cheek facial rash. Flesh-colored or pearly white papules with central umbilication occur with molluscum contagiosum, a highly contagious viral infection that usually resolves without intervention. Tinea is a common fungal skin infection in children that affects the scalp, body, groin, feet, hands, or nails. Atopic dermatitis is a chronic, relapsing inflammatory skin condition that may present with a variety of skin changes.

• #86 Assessment of rash in children – Differential diagnosis of symptoms | BMJ Best Practice

  https://bestpractice.bmj.com/topics/en-gb/857

  Rash in children is common. The differential diagnoses are extensive, ranging from self-limiting conditions (e.g., roseola) to life-threatening illnesses such as meningococcal disease. […] Rash may be the first indication of a potentially serious multi-organ disease or sepsis and should be carefully assessed (see Urgent considerations). […] Initial considerations in evaluating a rash in children include its morphology, duration, and distribution. Age, sex, family history, medications, known allergies, and exposures are also of primary importance. […] Generally, rash in the absence of fever or systemic symptoms is not urgent. […] Meningococcal disease: recognition, diagnosis and management.

• #87 Rashes in kids—when to worry – Hamilton Health Sciences

  https://www.hamiltonhealthsciences.ca/share/rashes-when-to-worry/

  Rashes are a common source of visits to the doctor, especially among kids. Occasionally, they can be a sign of very serious illness. Most of the time, they’re just a mild annoyance. The trouble with rashes is that the difference between harmful and harmless rashes can be tough to spot. […] Dr. Crocco recommends checking for 5 characteristics to help determine whether a rash is cause for concern and one that should be seen in the Emergency Department. […] If a rash is accompanied by a fever lasting 5 or more days, visit the Emergency Department so doctors can rule out Kawasaki disease. […] Most rashes do get better on their own, but if you aren’t sure about a rash, or if your child appears unwell in addition to having a rash, you should get immediate medical help.

• #88 Rashes in babies and children

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/rashes-babies-and-children/

  Many things can cause a rash in babies and children, and they’re often nothing to worry about. […] This page covers some of the common rashes in babies and children. […] Your child is unwell with a rash and has any of these symptoms: a stiff neck, bothered by light, they seem confused, agitated or they’re not responding like they usually do, difficulty breathing, their skin, lips or tongue look pale, blue, grey or blotchy, sudden swelling of their lips, mouth, throat or tongue, their throat feels tight or they’re struggling to swallow, the rash looks like small bruises or bleeding under the skin and does not fade when you press a glass against it. […] On brown and black skin, it may be easier to see the rash or colour changes on the soles of the feet, palms, lips, tongue and inside the eyelids.

• #89 Newborn Rashes and Skin Conditions – Common Rashes in Babies

  https://www.webmd.com/parenting/baby/baby-skin-rashes

  A newborn’s skin is prone to rashes of all sorts. Fortunately, most of these rashes are harmless and go away on their own. […] If the rash shows up with other symptoms, you should see your doctor right away. […] In the first few months of a baby’s life, any rash associated with other symptoms (such as fever, poor feeding, lethargy, or cough) needs to be evaluated by a doctor as soon as possible. […] While most rashes are not serious, a few need very close attention: Fluid-filled blisters (especially ones with opaque, yellowish fluid) can indicate a serious infection, like a bacterial infection or herpes. […] Small red or purplish dots over the body (’petechiae’) can be caused by a viral infection or a potentially very serious bacterial infection. These will not lighten with pressure. Any infant with possible petechiae should be evaluated by a doctor immediately.

• #90 Differential Diagnosis and Treatment of Itching in Children and Adolescents

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8389554/

  Itching is prevalent in children with skin disorders and associated with effects on their mood, quality of life, and social functioning. […] The aim of this article is to aid primary care physicians in effectively assessing and diagnosing most children and adolescents with itching. […] Itching in childhood is mainly associated with skin diseases. […] Itchy skin conditions in children include eczema (particularly atopic dermatitis), rashes, infections/infestations, urticaria/mastcytosis, autoimmune disorders, and hereditary dermatoses. […] The classic lichenifications in the folds of the extremities, which are associated with permanent scratching, appear in later childhood. […] Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic pruritic skin disease especially in children, and is associated with a personal and family history of atopy.

• #91 Common Skin Rashes in Children | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2015/0801/p211.html

  There are more than 12 million office visits annually for rashes and other skin concerns in children and adolescents, of which 68% are made to primary care physicians. Recognizing key features can help distinguish the different types of rashes. […] The initial approach to a child with a rash begins with the history, which should include the duration of the rash, the initial appearance and how it has evolved, the location, and any treatments that have been used. Parents should also be asked if other household members have a similar rash and if there have been any new medication, product, or environmental exposures. The presence or absence of associated symptoms can help clinicians develop a differential diagnosis. A fever is likely with roseola, erythema infectiosum, and scarlet fever. Pruritus sometimes occurs with atopic dermatitis, pityriasis rosea, erythema infectiosum, molluscum contagiosum, and tinea infection.

• #92 Differential Diagnosis and Treatment of Itching in Children and Adolescents

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8389554/

  Itching is prevalent in children with skin disorders and associated with effects on their mood, quality of life, and social functioning. […] The aim of this article is to aid primary care physicians in effectively assessing and diagnosing most children and adolescents with itching. […] Itching in childhood is mainly associated with skin diseases. […] Itchy skin conditions in children include eczema (particularly atopic dermatitis), rashes, infections/infestations, urticaria/mastcytosis, autoimmune disorders, and hereditary dermatoses. […] The classic lichenifications in the folds of the extremities, which are associated with permanent scratching, appear in later childhood. […] Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic pruritic skin disease especially in children, and is associated with a personal and family history of atopy.

• #93 Common Skin Rashes in Children | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2015/0801/p211.html

  There are more than 12 million office visits annually for rashes and other skin concerns in children and adolescents, of which 68% are made to primary care physicians. Recognizing key features can help distinguish the different types of rashes. […] The initial approach to a child with a rash begins with the history, which should include the duration of the rash, the initial appearance and how it has evolved, the location, and any treatments that have been used. Parents should also be asked if other household members have a similar rash and if there have been any new medication, product, or environmental exposures. The presence or absence of associated symptoms can help clinicians develop a differential diagnosis. A fever is likely with roseola, erythema infectiosum, and scarlet fever. Pruritus sometimes occurs with atopic dermatitis, pityriasis rosea, erythema infectiosum, molluscum contagiosum, and tinea infection.

• #94 Common Skin Rashes in Children | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2015/0801/p211.html

  There are more than 12 million office visits annually for rashes and other skin concerns in children and adolescents, of which 68% are made to primary care physicians. Recognizing key features can help distinguish the different types of rashes. […] The initial approach to a child with a rash begins with the history, which should include the duration of the rash, the initial appearance and how it has evolved, the location, and any treatments that have been used. Parents should also be asked if other household members have a similar rash and if there have been any new medication, product, or environmental exposures. The presence or absence of associated symptoms can help clinicians develop a differential diagnosis. A fever is likely with roseola, erythema infectiosum, and scarlet fever. Pruritus sometimes occurs with atopic dermatitis, pityriasis rosea, erythema infectiosum, molluscum contagiosum, and tinea infection.

• #95 Common Skin Rashes in Children | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2015/0801/p211.html

  There are more than 12 million office visits annually for rashes and other skin concerns in children and adolescents, of which 68% are made to primary care physicians. Recognizing key features can help distinguish the different types of rashes. […] The initial approach to a child with a rash begins with the history, which should include the duration of the rash, the initial appearance and how it has evolved, the location, and any treatments that have been used. Parents should also be asked if other household members have a similar rash and if there have been any new medication, product, or environmental exposures. The presence or absence of associated symptoms can help clinicians develop a differential diagnosis. A fever is likely with roseola, erythema infectiosum, and scarlet fever. Pruritus sometimes occurs with atopic dermatitis, pityriasis rosea, erythema infectiosum, molluscum contagiosum, and tinea infection.

• #96 Common Skin Rashes in Children | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2015/0801/p211.html

  There are more than 12 million office visits annually for rashes and other skin concerns in children and adolescents, of which 68% are made to primary care physicians. Recognizing key features can help distinguish the different types of rashes. […] The initial approach to a child with a rash begins with the history, which should include the duration of the rash, the initial appearance and how it has evolved, the location, and any treatments that have been used. Parents should also be asked if other household members have a similar rash and if there have been any new medication, product, or environmental exposures. The presence or absence of associated symptoms can help clinicians develop a differential diagnosis. A fever is likely with roseola, erythema infectiosum, and scarlet fever. Pruritus sometimes occurs with atopic dermatitis, pityriasis rosea, erythema infectiosum, molluscum contagiosum, and tinea infection.

• #97 Differential Diagnosis and Treatment of Itching in Children and Adolescents

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8389554/

  The objectives of atopic dermatitis management are to improve patients quality of life and prevent infectious complications, while minimizing potential drug side effects. […] Standard therapy for patients with atopic dermatitis includes topical anti-inflammatory drugs (topical corticosteroids and calcineurin inhibitors) in addition to the use of moisturizers. […] Topical corticosteroids are effective in treating a variety of skin inflammatory diseases, and reducing inflammation improves the associated itchiness. […] H1-antihistamines are among the most commonly prescribed medicines in children. Indications include acute allergic reactions in pruritus, eczema, allergic skin disorders, and urticarial dermatitis. […] If a child’s itching is suspected to be due to a systemic disease, physicians should ask the child and caregiver to provide the patient’s detailed, systemic medical history and medications. […] The most important thing in pruritus caused by systemic disease is the management of the underlying disease.

• #98 Differential Diagnosis and Treatment of Itching in Children and Adolescents

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8389554/

  The objectives of atopic dermatitis management are to improve patients quality of life and prevent infectious complications, while minimizing potential drug side effects. […] Standard therapy for patients with atopic dermatitis includes topical anti-inflammatory drugs (topical corticosteroids and calcineurin inhibitors) in addition to the use of moisturizers. […] Topical corticosteroids are effective in treating a variety of skin inflammatory diseases, and reducing inflammation improves the associated itchiness. […] H1-antihistamines are among the most commonly prescribed medicines in children. Indications include acute allergic reactions in pruritus, eczema, allergic skin disorders, and urticarial dermatitis. […] If a child’s itching is suspected to be due to a systemic disease, physicians should ask the child and caregiver to provide the patient’s detailed, systemic medical history and medications. […] The most important thing in pruritus caused by systemic disease is the management of the underlying disease.

• #99 Pediatric Drug Rashes – Conditions and Treatments | Children’s National Hospital

  https://www.childrensnational.org/get-care/health-library/drug-rashes

  Drug rashes are the body’s reaction to a certain medicine. Rashes can range from mild to severe. […] Diagnosing a rash caused by a reaction to medicine can be complicated. […] Drug rashes may be severe and require a stay in the hospital. […] It is important to take your child to their healthcare provider for a diagnosis. […] Diagnosing a rash caused by a reaction to drug is difficult. Even a small amount of a drug can cause a major reaction on the skin. […] Your child’s healthcare provider may recommend that your child stop taking a medicine to see if the reaction stops. […] Tell your child’s healthcare provider right away if your child develops a rash while taking a medicine. […] The pediatric specialists at Children’s National Hospital have the expertise to diagnose, treat and manage conditions of the skin, nails and hair common in infant and younger patients.

• #100 Medicine Rashes in Children – Stanford Medicine Children’s Health

  https://www.stanfordchildrens.org/en/topic/default?id=medicine-rashes-in-children-90-P01898

  Medicine rashes are the body’s reaction to a certain medicine. The type of rash that occurs depends on the type of medicine that is causing it. Rashes can range from mild to severe. […] Diagnosing a rash caused by a reaction to medicine is difficult. Even a small amount of a medicine can cause a major reaction on the skin. In addition, the reaction can happen after the child has been taking a medicine for a long period of time. […] Contact your child’s healthcare provider right away if your child develops a rash while taking a medicine. Allergic reactions can be serious and even fatal. […] Diagnosing a rash caused by a reaction to medicine can be complicated.

• #101 Medicine Rashes in Children – Stanford Medicine Children’s Health

  https://www.stanfordchildrens.org/en/topic/default?id=medicine-rashes-in-children-90-P01898

  Medicine rashes are the body’s reaction to a certain medicine. The type of rash that occurs depends on the type of medicine that is causing it. Rashes can range from mild to severe. […] Diagnosing a rash caused by a reaction to medicine is difficult. Even a small amount of a medicine can cause a major reaction on the skin. In addition, the reaction can happen after the child has been taking a medicine for a long period of time. […] Contact your child’s healthcare provider right away if your child develops a rash while taking a medicine. Allergic reactions can be serious and even fatal. […] Diagnosing a rash caused by a reaction to medicine can be complicated.

• #102 When to Worry About a Rash on a Child

  https://www.unitypoint.org/news-and-articles/when-to-worry-about-a-rash

  If you experience a rash while taking amoxicillin, talk to your doctor. Your provider can help determine if it’s a side effect of the medication, or if you’re allergic. […] A strep rash can be treated with antibiotics. […] Call your child’s doctor or go to the emergency room if you see a rash that looks like purpura or petechiae. […] Treating a lupus rash depends on the type of lupus and how severe the rash is. […] Your child should be seen by a doctor if they have any of the following symptoms with their rash: A rash with a fever, chills or other symptoms. […] Schedule an appointment with your child’s doctor right away if you notice anything concerning about their rash.

• #103 Medicine Rashes in Children – Stanford Medicine Children’s Health

  https://www.stanfordchildrens.org/en/topic/default?id=medicine-rashes-in-children-90-P01898

  Medicine rashes are the body’s reaction to a certain medicine. The type of rash that occurs depends on the type of medicine that is causing it. Rashes can range from mild to severe. […] Diagnosing a rash caused by a reaction to medicine is difficult. Even a small amount of a medicine can cause a major reaction on the skin. In addition, the reaction can happen after the child has been taking a medicine for a long period of time. […] Contact your child’s healthcare provider right away if your child develops a rash while taking a medicine. Allergic reactions can be serious and even fatal. […] Diagnosing a rash caused by a reaction to medicine can be complicated.

• #104 Rash – child under 2 years: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003259.htm

  A rash is a change in the color or texture of the skin. A skin rash can be: […] Most bumps and blotches on a newborn baby are harmless and clear up by themselves. […] Other skin disorders can cause rashes. These are most often not serious unless they occur with other symptoms. […] Contact your child’s provider if your child has: A fever or other unexplained symptoms associated with the rash […] The provider will perform a physical exam. The baby’s skin will be thoroughly examined to determine the extent and type of the rash. […] Tests are seldom required but may include the following: Allergy skin tests […] Depending on the cause of the rash, antihistamines may be recommended to decrease itching. Antibiotics may be prescribed if there is a bacterial infection. […] For eczema, the provider may prescribe ointments or corticosteroid drugs to decrease inflammation.

• #105 When to Worry About a Rash on a Child

  https://www.unitypoint.org/news-and-articles/when-to-worry-about-a-rash

  If you experience a rash while taking amoxicillin, talk to your doctor. Your provider can help determine if it’s a side effect of the medication, or if you’re allergic. […] A strep rash can be treated with antibiotics. […] Call your child’s doctor or go to the emergency room if you see a rash that looks like purpura or petechiae. […] Treating a lupus rash depends on the type of lupus and how severe the rash is. […] Your child should be seen by a doctor if they have any of the following symptoms with their rash: A rash with a fever, chills or other symptoms. […] Schedule an appointment with your child’s doctor right away if you notice anything concerning about their rash.

• #106 Rashes in children – The Pharmaceutical Journal

  https://pharmaceutical-journal.com/article/ld/rashes-in-children

  Rashes in children are common and may be difficult to differentiate by appearance alone; therefore, it is important to consider the entire clinical presentation in order to make the appropriate diagnosis. […] Skin rashes in children require careful history taking, assessment and skin examination. This article describes a range of rashes in paediatric patients, according to a step-by-step approach to the classification and identification of the rash. […] Prompt identification and management of rashes in children is vital to ensuring optimal outcomes, as these can range from self-limiting conditions to life-threatening emergencies. A systematic approach — considering the child’s age, medical history, accompanying symptoms and the characteristics of the rash — enables accurate diagnosis and targeted treatment.

• #107 Rashes in children – The Pharmaceutical Journal

  https://pharmaceutical-journal.com/article/ld/rashes-in-children

  Rashes in children are common and may be difficult to differentiate by appearance alone; therefore, it is important to consider the entire clinical presentation in order to make the appropriate diagnosis. […] Skin rashes in children require careful history taking, assessment and skin examination. This article describes a range of rashes in paediatric patients, according to a step-by-step approach to the classification and identification of the rash. […] Prompt identification and management of rashes in children is vital to ensuring optimal outcomes, as these can range from self-limiting conditions to life-threatening emergencies. A systematic approach — considering the child’s age, medical history, accompanying symptoms and the characteristics of the rash — enables accurate diagnosis and targeted treatment.

• #108 Evaluation of rash in children – Differential diagnosis of symptoms | BMJ Best Practice US

  https://bestpractice.bmj.com/topics/en-us/857

  Rash in children is common. The differential diagnoses are extensive, ranging from self-limiting conditions (e.g., roseola) to life-threatening illnesses such as meningococcal disease. […] Rash may be the first indication of a potentially serious multiorgan disease or sepsis and should be carefully evaluated (see Urgent considerations). […] Initial considerations in evaluating a rash in children include the morphology, duration, and distribution. Age, sex, family history, medications, known allergies, and exposures are also of primary importance. […] Generally, rash in the absence of fever or systemic symptoms is not urgent.

• #109 Rash Evaluation: MedlinePlus Medical TestLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/rash-evaluation/

  A rash evaluation is a test to find out what is causing a rash. […] A rash evaluation is used to diagnose the cause of a rash. […] You may need a rash evaluation if you have symptoms that don’t respond to at-home treatment. […] While most rashes are not serious, in some cases, a rash can be a sign of a serious health condition. […] A rash evaluation may also include a blood test and/or a skin biopsy. […] If you have questions about your results, talk to your provider. To understand the results of a rash evaluation, your provider will consider your symptoms, medical history, and the results of other tests.

• #110 Rashes in children – The Pharmaceutical Journal

  https://pharmaceutical-journal.com/article/ld/rashes-in-children

  Rashes in children are common and may be difficult to differentiate by appearance alone; therefore, it is important to consider the entire clinical presentation in order to make the appropriate diagnosis. […] Skin rashes in children require careful history taking, assessment and skin examination. This article describes a range of rashes in paediatric patients, according to a step-by-step approach to the classification and identification of the rash. […] Prompt identification and management of rashes in children is vital to ensuring optimal outcomes, as these can range from self-limiting conditions to life-threatening emergencies. A systematic approach — considering the child’s age, medical history, accompanying symptoms and the characteristics of the rash — enables accurate diagnosis and targeted treatment.

• #111 Rash in Infants and Young Children – Pediatrics – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/pediatrics/symptoms-in-infants-and-children/rash-in-infants-and-young-children

  For most children, the history and physical examination are sufficient for diagnosis. […] Treatment of rash is directed at the cause (eg, antifungal cream for candidal infection). […] Most rashes in children are benign. […] For most rashes in infants and children, the history and physical examination are sufficient for diagnosis. […] Children with rash due to serious illness typically have systemic manifestations of disease.

• #112 Rashes in children – The Pharmaceutical Journal

  https://pharmaceutical-journal.com/article/ld/rashes-in-children

  Rashes in children are common and may be difficult to differentiate by appearance alone; therefore, it is important to consider the entire clinical presentation in order to make the appropriate diagnosis. […] Skin rashes in children require careful history taking, assessment and skin examination. This article describes a range of rashes in paediatric patients, according to a step-by-step approach to the classification and identification of the rash. […] Prompt identification and management of rashes in children is vital to ensuring optimal outcomes, as these can range from self-limiting conditions to life-threatening emergencies. A systematic approach — considering the child’s age, medical history, accompanying symptoms and the characteristics of the rash — enables accurate diagnosis and targeted treatment.

• #113 Rash in Infants and Young Children – Pediatrics – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/pediatrics/symptoms-in-infants-and-children/rash-in-infants-and-young-children

  For most children, the history and physical examination are sufficient for diagnosis. […] Treatment of rash is directed at the cause (eg, antifungal cream for candidal infection). […] Most rashes in children are benign. […] For most rashes in infants and children, the history and physical examination are sufficient for diagnosis. […] Children with rash due to serious illness typically have systemic manifestations of disease.

• #114 Baby Rash: Causes, Types, Treatments, Prevention

  https://www.healthline.com/health/how-to-spot-and-take-care-of-your-babys-rash

  There are many types of rashes that affect various parts of a babys body. […] These rashes are typically very treatable. While they may be uncomfortable, they arent cause for alarm. Rashes are rarely an emergency. […] Sometimes, infant rashes can indicate a more serious illness. […] Bring your child to a doctor if theyre experiencing a rash with a fever. […] If your baby develops a rash accompanied by a fever or following a fever, its best to call your pediatrician. The cause may be infectious and you should have your child evaluated by a doctor. […] If your baby has a rash that persists for more than a week, doesnt respond to home remedies, or is causing your baby pain or irritation, you should call your doctor. […] A rash accompanied by a very high fever, a stiff neck, sensitivity to light, neurological changes, or uncontrollable shaking may be caused by meningitis and is considered a medical emergency. […] If youre concerned about your childs rash, or the rash is accompanied by a fever, call your pediatrician. They can help determine what is causing your babys rash and how to treat it.

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