Samookaleczenie/cięcie się
Leczenie
Samookaleczenie, definiowane jako świadome wyrządzanie sobie krzywdy fizycznej w celu radzenia sobie z trudnymi emocjami, stanowi poważny problem zdrowia psychicznego, często współwystępujący z zaburzeniami takimi jak depresja czy zaburzenie osobowości z pogranicza. Chociaż nie jest to zazwyczaj próba samobójcza, wymaga specjalistycznej oceny i leczenia przez psychiatrę lub psychoterapeutę. Podstawą terapii są psychoterapie, w tym terapia poznawczo-behawioralna (CBT) oraz dialektyczno-behawioralna (DBT), które uczą pacjentów umiejętności regulacji emocji, radzenia sobie ze stresem i poprawy relacji interpersonalnych. W badaniu obejmującym 173 nastolatków DBT-A wykazała istotne statystycznie zmniejszenie liczby prób samobójczych i zachowań samookaleczających. Terapie oparte na uważności oraz terapie rodzinne i grupowe stanowią ważne uzupełnienie leczenia, zwłaszcza w kontekście traumy i wsparcia społecznego. Farmakoterapia nie jest specyficznie zatwierdzona do leczenia samookaleczania, jednak stosuje się leki przeciwdepresyjne (SSRI, SNRI), atypowe leki przeciwpsychotyczne, stabilizatory nastroju oraz inne preparaty w leczeniu współistniejących zaburzeń psychicznych.
- Samookaleczenie/cięcie się – Leczenie i terapia
- Rozpoczęcie leczenia
- Psychoterapia jako podstawa leczenia
- Farmakoterapia w leczeniu samookaleczania
- Intensywniejsze formy leczenia
- Planowanie bezpieczeństwa i zapobieganie nawrotom
- Skuteczność leczenia i wyzwania
- Wsparcie dla rodziny i bliskich
- Innowacyjne podejścia i przyszłość leczenia
- Elementy skutecznego leczenia
Samookaleczenie/cięcie się – Leczenie i terapia
Samookaleczenie/cięcie się to świadome wyrządzanie sobie krzywdy fizycznej jako sposób radzenia sobie z trudnymi emocjami. Chociaż zachowanie to zazwyczaj nie jest próbą samobójczą, wymaga specjalistycznego leczenia, ponieważ stanowi poważny problem zdrowia psychicznego i może prowadzić do zwiększonego ryzyka samobójstwa. Wczesna interwencja i kompleksowe podejście terapeutyczne mają kluczowe znaczenie dla skutecznego leczenia samookaleczania.12
Rozpoczęcie leczenia
Pierwszym krokiem w leczeniu samookaleczania jest poinformowanie o tym zachowaniu zaufanej osoby lub specjalisty zdrowia psychicznego. Samookaleczanie może stać się istotną częścią życia pacjenta, dlatego najlepiej jest szukać pomocy u specjalisty doświadczonego w leczeniu tego typu zachowań. Leczenie opiera się na indywidualnych problemach pacjenta oraz ewentualnych współistniejących zaburzeniach psychicznych, takich jak depresja czy zaburzenie osobowości z pogranicza.13
Ocena stanu pacjenta przez specjalistę zdrowia psychicznego jest pierwszym etapem skutecznego leczenia. Lekarz pierwszego kontaktu, pielęgniarka szkolna lub doradca mogą być pierwszymi osobami, do których zgłasza się pacjent, jednak ze względu na specjalistyczny charakter problemu, często konieczne jest skierowanie do specjalisty zdrowia psychicznego w celu dokładniejszej oceny i leczenia.45
Psychoterapia jako podstawa leczenia
Psychoterapia, zwana także terapią rozmową lub poradnictwem psychologicznym, stanowi podstawę leczenia samookaleczania. Może ona pomóc pacjentowi w:67
- Zidentyfikowaniu i zarządzaniu problemami wywołującymi samookaleczanie
- Nauce umiejętności lepszego radzenia sobie ze stresem
- Nauce lepszych sposobów zarządzania intensywnymi emocjami
- Poprawie samooceny
- Rozwijaniu umiejętności poprawy relacji i umiejętności społecznych
- Wypracowaniu zdrowych strategii rozwiązywania problemów
Istnieje kilka skutecznych rodzajów psychoterapii stosowanych w leczeniu samookaleczania:
Terapia poznawczo-behawioralna (CBT)
Terapia poznawczo-behawioralna (CBT) pomaga pacjentom identyfikować i zmieniać niezdrowe, negatywne przekonania i zachowania, zastępując je bardziej efektywnymi. Pacjenci uczą się umiejętności radzenia sobie w różnych sytuacjach, gdy jest to potrzebne. CBT koncentruje się na przekształcaniu destrukcyjnych wzorców myślowych i szlaków neuronalnych związanych z zachowaniami samookaleczającymi.101112
Terapia dialektyczno-behawioralna (DBT)
Terapia dialektyczno-behawioralna (DBT) to rodzaj CBT, który uczy umiejętności behawioralnych pomagających radzić sobie z dystresem, regulować emocje i poprawiać relacje z innymi. DBT została opracowana specjalnie dla osób z zachowaniami autodestrukcyjnymi, takimi jak samookaleczanie, myśli samobójcze i próby samobójcze.1314
DBT zapewnia kompleksowe ramy do regulacji emocjonalnej poprzez uważność, tolerancję na stres i umiejętności efektywności interpersonalnej. W wieloośrodkowym badaniu z randomizacją obejmującym 173 nastolatków, DBT-A (DBT dla młodzieży) znacząco zmniejszyła próby samobójcze, samookaleczenia bez intencji samobójczych (NSSI) i ogólne samookaleczenia w porównaniu z manualną wspierającą psychoterapią, która obejmowała zarówno komponenty indywidualne, jak i grupowe.1516
Terapie oparte na uważności
Terapie oparte na uważności pomagają pacjentom żyć w teraźniejszości i radzić sobie z trudnymi emocjami oraz negatywnymi myślami. Mogą one pomóc zmniejszyć lęk i depresję oraz poprawić ogólne samopoczucie. Medytacja uważności ma kilka komponentów, które są wartościowe w leczeniu samookaleczania. Często osoby okaleczające się czują odrętwienie emocjonalne, a uważność pomaga im połączyć się ze swoimi uczuciami i złagodzić to odrętwienie.1718
Inne formy terapii
Oprócz indywidualnych sesji terapeutycznych, specjaliści mogą zalecać terapię rodzinną lub terapię grupową. Terapia rodzinna pomaga pacjentowi rozwiązać problemy związane ze stresem rodzinnym i może pomóc członkom rodziny nauczyć się bardziej bezpośredniej i otwartej komunikacji. Terapia grupowa umożliwia pacjentom rozmowę o swoim stanie z innymi osobami mającymi podobne problemy, co może pomóc w zmniejszeniu wstydu związanego z samookaleczaniem i wspierać zdrowe wyrażanie emocji.1920
Dla osób doświadczających traumy, terapie skoncentrowane na traumie, takie jak EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing), mogą być szczególnie pomocne. Te podejścia terapeutyczne mogą pomóc pacjentom przepracować traumatyczne doświadczenia, które mogą przyczyniać się do zachowań samookaleczających.2122
Farmakoterapia w leczeniu samookaleczania
Nie ma leków specyficznie zatwierdzonych do leczenia zachowań związanych z samookaleczaniem. Jednak jeśli u pacjenta zdiagnozowano zaburzenie psychiczne, takie jak depresja lub zaburzenie lękowe, lekarz może zalecić leki przeciwdepresyjne lub inne leki w celu leczenia podstawowego schorzenia powiązanego z samookaleczaniem. Leczenie tych schorzeń może pomóc zmniejszyć chęć samookaleczania.2324
Do najczęściej stosowanych leków w przypadku współwystępujących zaburzeń psychicznych należą:2526
- Selektywne inhibitory wychwytu zwrotnego serotoniny (SSRI)
- Inhibitory wychwytu zwrotnego serotoniny i noradrenaliny (SNRI)
- Atypowe leki przeciwpsychotyczne
- Stabilizatory nastroju
- Klonidyna
- Naltrekson (bloker opioidów)
Badania dotyczące leczenia farmakologicznego samookaleczania są wciąż na wczesnym etapie. Niektóre dowody wskazują na potencjalne korzyści ze stosowania leków przeciwdepresyjnych (SSRI i SNRI) w zmniejszaniu zachowań samookaleczających, jednak dane są ograniczone i wymagają dalszych badań.2930
Intensywniejsze formy leczenia
W przypadku osób, które okaleczają się poważnie lub wielokrotnie, lekarz może zalecić przyjęcie do szpitala w celu opieki psychiatrycznej. Opieka szpitalna, często krótkoterminowa, może zapewnić bezpieczne środowisko i bardziej intensywne leczenie, dopóki pacjent nie przejdzie przez kryzys.3132
Alternatywnie, programy dziennego leczenia zdrowia psychicznego, które koncentrują się na nauce behawioralnych umiejętności radzenia sobie w celu zarządzania stresem, mogą być odpowiednią opcją. Dostępne są również inne poziomy opieki:3334
- Programy intensywnej opieki ambulatoryjnej (IOP) – zapewniają terapię, pozwalając pacjentom wracać codziennie do domu, wspierając ich zdrowie psychiczne przy jednoczesnym zapewnieniu elastyczności
- Programy częściowej hospitalizacji (PHP) – oferują bardziej intensywne formy wsparcia, ale nie wymagają całodobowej hospitalizacji
- Telemedycyna – umożliwia pacjentom dostęp do licencjonowanych terapeutów poprzez bezpieczne spotkania wideo, co jest idealne dla osób potrzebujących wygody terapii domowej
Ośrodki leczenia samookaleczania mogą oferować różnorodne usługi, w tym: ocenę samookaleczania w celu odpowiedniego umieszczenia w programie, terapię indywidualną, grupową i rodzinną, zarządzanie kontrolą impulsów, edukację i wsparcie, zarządzanie lekami oraz planowanie dalszej opieki.37
Planowanie bezpieczeństwa i zapobieganie nawrotom
Istotnym elementem leczenia samookaleczania jest opracowanie planu bezpieczeństwa i strategii zapobiegania nawrotom. Plan bezpieczeństwa może obejmować:3839
- Rozpoznanie sytuacji lub uczuć, które mogą wyzwalać chęć samookaleczania
- Opracowanie planu innych sposobów łagodzenia, rozpraszania uwagi lub uzyskania wsparcia
- Identyfikację zasobów kryzysowych i kontaktów awaryjnych
- Usunięcie przedmiotów, które mogłyby być używane do samookaleczania
- Strategie radzenia sobie z silnymi impulsami do samookaleczania
Po zakończeniu intensywnego leczenia ważne jest, aby pacjent miał dostęp do długoterminowego wsparcia i kontynuacji terapii. Zapobieganie nawrotom samookaleczania wymaga ciągłej pracy, nawet gdy zachowania te występują rzadko lub zostały wyeliminowane. Wsparcie może obejmować cotygodniowe lub dwutygodniowe sesje terapeutyczne, udział w grupach wsparcia lub kontynuację przyjmowania przepisanych leków.4243
Skuteczność leczenia i wyzwania
Badania wskazują, że psychoterapie, które angażują rodzinę/bliskich i kładą nacisk na rozwój umiejętności (w tym regulację emocji i umiejętności interpersonalne) przynoszą najlepsze wyniki w leczeniu samookaleczania. Włączenie rodziny i rozwój umiejętności w interwencjach mogą być szczególnie ważnymi składnikami w leczeniu samookaleczania u młodzieży.4445
Mimo że istnieje coraz więcej skutecznych interwencji dobrze dostosowanych do nastolatków z samookaleczaniem, niepokojąca liczba młodych ludzi nadal nie ma dostępu do usług zdrowia psychicznego na żadnym poziomie. Ponadto badania wskazują, że większość interwencji młodzieżowych związanych z samookaleczaniem przynosi nieistotne statystycznie efekty leczenia.4647
Wyzwaniem pozostaje identyfikacja przyczyn samookaleczania i opracowanie interwencji, które bezpośrednio na nie oddziałują. Ponieważ przyczyny samookaleczania pozostają nieznane, istniejące interwencje ukierunkowane na samookaleczanie mogą nie skutecznie oddziaływać na procesy przyczynowe leżące u podstaw tych zachowań.48
Wsparcie dla rodziny i bliskich
Rodzina i bliscy odgrywają kluczową rolę w procesie leczenia osoby, która się samookalecza. Oto kilka sposobów, w jakie mogą oni wspierać proces leczenia:4950
- Wspieranie realizacji planu leczenia
- Zachęcanie osoby samookaleczającej się do przyjmowania przepisanych leków, jeśli jest to część planu
- Podkreślanie znaczenia regularnych wizyt terapeutycznych i ćwiczenia umiejętności poznanych podczas terapii
- Tworzenie bezpiecznego, niewydającego osądów środowiska, w którym osoba może otwarcie mówić o swoich uczuciach
- Nauka rozpoznawania oznak ostrzegawczych i reagowania na nie w sposób wspierający
- Poszukiwanie własnego wsparcia, aby lepiej zrozumieć i pomóc osobie samookaleczającej się
Ważne jest, aby bliscy zrozumieli, że samookaleczanie nie jest „fazą”, przez którą przechodzi osoba, ani zachowaniem mającym na celu zwrócenie na siebie uwagi, ale poważnym objawem cierpienia emocjonalnego, które wymaga profesjonalnej pomocy.5354
Innowacyjne podejścia i przyszłość leczenia
W ostatnich latach pojawiły się nowe podejścia do leczenia samookaleczania, które mogą uzupełniać tradycyjne metody terapeutyczne:55
- Cyfrowe interwencje w zakresie zdrowia psychicznego – aplikacje i platformy online mogą służyć jako samodzielne lub uzupełniające narzędzia do tradycyjnej terapii. Przykładem jest aplikacja Calm Harm, która dostarcza młodym ludziom narzędzia, techniki i aktywności pomagające zarządzać i opierać się impulsowi do samookaleczania, jednocześnie poprawiając umiejętności regulacji emocjonalnej.5657
- Szybko działające interwencje – dla nastolatków w ostrym kryzysie, badacze badają możliwości zastosowania ketaminy i jej pochodnej esketaminy, które można podawać dożylnie lub jako spray do nosa. Jednakże badania dotyczące wpływu ketaminy na rozwój mózgu nastolatków oraz jej potencjalnego uzależniającego działania w tej grupie wiekowej są ograniczone.58
- Kompleksowe interwencje uniwersalne – badacze podkreślają znaczenie opracowania i inwestowania w kompleksowe interwencje uniwersalne w celu zapobiegania początkowemu wystąpieniu myśli samobójczych lub samookaleczania.59
Potrzeba nowych rozwiązań w interwencjach związanych z samookaleczaniem u młodzieży, które uzupełniałyby istniejące metody, jest szczególnie pilna w związku z ciągłym wzrostem wskaźników samobójstw w ostatnich latach.60
Elementy skutecznego leczenia
Skuteczne leczenie samookaleczania najczęściej obejmuje kombinację psychoterapii i, w razie potrzeby, farmakoterapii współistniejących zaburzeń psychicznych. Udane leczenie charakteryzuje się:6162
- Aktywnym zaangażowaniem i zobowiązaniem pacjenta do leczenia
- Planami dalszej opieki ze wsparciem dla nowych umiejętności samokontroli i zachowań
- Współpracą między wszystkimi zaangażowanymi specjalistami (medycznymi i innymi)
- Indywidualnym podejściem uwzględniającym specyficzne potrzeby pacjenta
- Rozwiązywaniem problemów leżących u podstaw samookaleczania
- Nauką zdrowych mechanizmów radzenia sobie z trudnymi emocjami
Warto podkreślić, że droga do zdrowia po samookaleczaniu może być długa i wymagać cierpliwości, wytrwałości oraz wsparcia ze strony profesjonalistów, rodziny i przyjaciół. Jednak z odpowiednią pomocą i zaangażowaniem w proces leczenia, osoby, które się samookaleczają, mogą nauczyć się zdrowszych sposobów radzenia sobie z emocjonalnym bólem i prowadzić satysfakcjonujące życie.6566
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Materiały źródłowe
- #1 Self-injury/cutting – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinichttps://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/self-injury/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20350956
The first step is to tell someone about your self-injuring behavior so you can get help. Treatment is based on your specific issues and any related mental health conditions you might have, such as depression. Because self-injury can become a major part of your life, it’s best to get treatment from a mental health professional who is experienced in treating self-injury. […] If the self-injury behavior is linked with a mental health condition, such as depression or borderline personality disorder, the treatment plan focuses on that condition, as well as the self-injury behavior. […] Treating self-injury behavior can take time, hard work and your own desire to recover. […] Known as talk therapy or psychological counseling, psychotherapy can help you: Identify and manage underlying issues that trigger self-injury. Learn skills to better manage distress. Learn better ways to manage intense emotions. Learn how to boost your self-image. Develop skills to improve your relationships and social skills. Develop healthy problem-solving skills.
- #2 Self-injury/cutting – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinichttps://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/self-injury/symptoms-causes/syc-20350950
Getting the proper treatment can help you learn healthier ways to cope. […] Talk to someone you trust such as a friend, family member, health care provider, spiritual leader, or a school counselor, nurse or teacher. They can help you take the first steps to successful treatment. […] If you have a friend or family member who is self-injuring, you may be shocked and scared. […] You can start by talking with your pediatrician or other health care provider who can do an initial evaluation or make a referral to a mental health professional. […] Self-injury is not usually a suicide attempt, but it can increase the risk of suicide because of the emotional problems that trigger self-injury. And the pattern of damaging the body in times of distress can make suicide more likely. […] There is no sure way to prevent someone’s self-injuring behavior. But reducing the risk of self-injury includes strategies that involve both individuals and communities.
- #3 Self-harm and self-injury | Better Health Channelhttps://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/self-harm
Self-harming behaviour is treatable. […] There are many support options for self-harming behaviour, whether you are seeking support for yourself or someone you care about. […] If you are self-harming and you are worried, try to talk to someone you trust like a friend, family member, doctor, teacher or school counsellor. […] If you think someone you know might be self-harming, it is important to try to talk to them about it, and encourage them to seek professional help. […] People who self-harm need care, understanding and support in order to recover. […] Self-harming is a serious behaviour its a sign someone is feeling significant distress and theyre not doing it to seek attention. […] Although self-harming behaviour can be treated, many people dont seek support because they: think people will not understand, do not trust their information will be kept private, do not believe anyone will be able to help, are afraid people (including health professionals) will react negatively to their self-harming behaviour perhaps because they have in the past, are ashamed, guilty or angry about their self-harming behaviour, believe they should be able to cope on their own.
- #4 Self-injury/cutting – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinichttps://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/self-injury/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20350956
Follow your treatment plan. Keep therapy appointments. Practice and use coping skills learned in therapy. Take any prescribed medicine as directed. […] Recognize the situations or feelings that might trigger your desire to self-injure. Make a plan for other ways to soothe or distract yourself or to get support, so you’re ready the next time you feel the urge to self-injure. […] Support the treatment plan. Encourage your loved one to take prescribed medicine, if that’s part of the plan. Stress the importance of keeping therapy appointments and practicing the skills learned. […] Your first appointment may be with your primary care provider, a school nurse or a counselor. But because self-injury often requires specialized mental health care, you may be referred to a mental health professional for more evaluation and treatment.
- #5 Self-Harm: What It Is, Causes, Types & Treatmenthttps://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/12201-self-harm
Self-harm means hurting yourself on purpose. Treatment is available. […] If you see a healthcare provider about self-harm, they’ll first treat your injuries if needed. Longer term, they may recommend therapy and/or medications to help manage underlying mental health conditions and life stressors. […] Preventing first-time self-harm isn’t always possible, but seeking help from a mental healthcare provider can reduce the chances that someone will continue to self-harm. […] If you realize that you (or notice that someone you care about) are self-harming, reach out to a healthcare provider. Your healthcare provider is there to listen and support you. They’ll recommend a treatment that’s right for you. […] Seeking care for self-harm is no different from seeking medical care for a physical condition.
- #6 Self-injury/cutting – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinichttps://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/self-injury/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20350956
The first step is to tell someone about your self-injuring behavior so you can get help. Treatment is based on your specific issues and any related mental health conditions you might have, such as depression. Because self-injury can become a major part of your life, it’s best to get treatment from a mental health professional who is experienced in treating self-injury. […] If the self-injury behavior is linked with a mental health condition, such as depression or borderline personality disorder, the treatment plan focuses on that condition, as well as the self-injury behavior. […] Treating self-injury behavior can take time, hard work and your own desire to recover. […] Known as talk therapy or psychological counseling, psychotherapy can help you: Identify and manage underlying issues that trigger self-injury. Learn skills to better manage distress. Learn better ways to manage intense emotions. Learn how to boost your self-image. Develop skills to improve your relationships and social skills. Develop healthy problem-solving skills.
- #7 Self-injury/cutting – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinichttps://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/self-injury/symptoms-causes/syc-20350950
Getting the proper treatment can help you learn healthier ways to cope. […] Talk to someone you trust such as a friend, family member, health care provider, spiritual leader, or a school counselor, nurse or teacher. They can help you take the first steps to successful treatment. […] If you have a friend or family member who is self-injuring, you may be shocked and scared. […] You can start by talking with your pediatrician or other health care provider who can do an initial evaluation or make a referral to a mental health professional. […] Self-injury is not usually a suicide attempt, but it can increase the risk of suicide because of the emotional problems that trigger self-injury. And the pattern of damaging the body in times of distress can make suicide more likely. […] There is no sure way to prevent someone’s self-injuring behavior. But reducing the risk of self-injury includes strategies that involve both individuals and communities.
- #8 Self-injury/cutting – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinichttps://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/self-injury/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20350956
The first step is to tell someone about your self-injuring behavior so you can get help. Treatment is based on your specific issues and any related mental health conditions you might have, such as depression. Because self-injury can become a major part of your life, it’s best to get treatment from a mental health professional who is experienced in treating self-injury. […] If the self-injury behavior is linked with a mental health condition, such as depression or borderline personality disorder, the treatment plan focuses on that condition, as well as the self-injury behavior. […] Treating self-injury behavior can take time, hard work and your own desire to recover. […] Known as talk therapy or psychological counseling, psychotherapy can help you: Identify and manage underlying issues that trigger self-injury. Learn skills to better manage distress. Learn better ways to manage intense emotions. Learn how to boost your self-image. Develop skills to improve your relationships and social skills. Develop healthy problem-solving skills.
- #9 Treatment for Self-Harm – Discovery Mood & Anxiety Programhttps://discoverymood.com/blog/treatment-self-harm/
Treatment for self-harm is aimed at recognizing and treating the underlying cause such as low-self esteem, impulsivity, depression, family dysfunction and conflict, poverty or abuse. […] The goals of treatment for individuals who practice self-harm behavior are as follows: Identify and manage underlying issues that trigger cutting, Learn skills to better manage distress, Learn how to regulate and cope with unhealthy emotions, Learn how to improve self-image and self-esteem, Develop skills to improve relationships and social skills, Develop healthy problem-solving skills. […] Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) has shown to have the most successful and promising results for treating nonsuicidal self-injury disorder (NSSID). […] Medications are not used to treat self-harm behavior however if there is an underlying or co-occurring disorder such as depression or anxiety, medications can be prescribed to treat those specific disorders.
- #10 Self-injury/cutting – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinichttps://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/self-injury/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20350956
Several types of individual psychotherapy may be helpful, such as: Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), which helps you identify unhealthy, negative beliefs and behaviors and replace them with more effective ones. You can also gain skills that help you cope in different situations when needed. […] Dialectical behavior therapy, a type of CBT that teaches behavioral skills to help you handle distress, manage or regulate your emotions, and improve your relationships with others. […] Mindfulness-based therapies, which help you live in the present and cope with difficult emotions and negative thoughts. These can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve your general well-being. […] In addition to individual therapy sessions, your provider may recommend family therapy or group therapy.
- #11 Treatment for Self-Harm – Discovery Mood & Anxiety Programhttps://discoverymood.com/blog/treatment-self-harm/
Treatment for self-harm is aimed at recognizing and treating the underlying cause such as low-self esteem, impulsivity, depression, family dysfunction and conflict, poverty or abuse. […] The goals of treatment for individuals who practice self-harm behavior are as follows: Identify and manage underlying issues that trigger cutting, Learn skills to better manage distress, Learn how to regulate and cope with unhealthy emotions, Learn how to improve self-image and self-esteem, Develop skills to improve relationships and social skills, Develop healthy problem-solving skills. […] Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) has shown to have the most successful and promising results for treating nonsuicidal self-injury disorder (NSSID). […] Medications are not used to treat self-harm behavior however if there is an underlying or co-occurring disorder such as depression or anxiety, medications can be prescribed to treat those specific disorders.
- #12 The 5 Best Therapy Options for People Who Self-Harm – A Mission For Michaelhttps://amfmtreatment.com/blog/the-5-best-therapy-options-for-people-who-self-harm/
Self-harm is a complex coping mechanism affecting approximately 660,000 individuals annually, with cutting being the most prevalent form of self-injury. […] Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) provides a structured approach to transforming destructive thought patterns and neural pathways associated with self-harming behaviors. […] Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) provides a comprehensive framework for emotional regulation through mindfulness, distress tolerance, and interpersonal effectiveness skills. […] Multiple therapeutic approaches, including mindfulness-based therapies and psychodynamic therapy, can be used to understand and manage self-destructive impulses. […] A Mission for Michael (AMFM) provides specialized, compassionate mental health treatment across California, Washington, and Virginia, offering personalized care for individuals struggling with self-harm.
- #13 Self-injury/cutting – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinichttps://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/self-injury/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20350956
Several types of individual psychotherapy may be helpful, such as: Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), which helps you identify unhealthy, negative beliefs and behaviors and replace them with more effective ones. You can also gain skills that help you cope in different situations when needed. […] Dialectical behavior therapy, a type of CBT that teaches behavioral skills to help you handle distress, manage or regulate your emotions, and improve your relationships with others. […] Mindfulness-based therapies, which help you live in the present and cope with difficult emotions and negative thoughts. These can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve your general well-being. […] In addition to individual therapy sessions, your provider may recommend family therapy or group therapy.
- #14 Treatments for Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behaviors in Youth: Progress and Challengeshttps://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7480822/
Effective clinical interventions for youth at risk for and with a history of NSSI are therefore especially important. […] In the present article, we review current evidence-based psychosocial interventions targeting SITBs in youth. […] Psychosocial interventions for SITBs in youth include a wide range of therapeutic approaches and orientations, including cognitive behavioral, dialectical behavioral, interpersonal, psychodynamic, family systems, and parent training interventions. […] Evidence suggests many of these psychosocial treatments are promising for the treatment of suicidal ideation, self-harming behaviors, and suicide attempts in youth and to improve overall treatment engagement. […] The DBT framework draws on cognitive behavioral, mindfulness, and acceptance principles. […] DBT-A targets difficulties in emotional and behavioral regulation and interpersonal effectiveness, with the goal of reducing SITBs in youth by bolstering youths ability to manage negative emotions and by increasing validation in parent-teen interactions.
- #15 Treatments for Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behaviors in Youth: Progress and Challengeshttps://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7480822/
In a recent multi-site RCT enrolling 173 adolescents, DBT-A significantly reduced suicide attempts, NSSI, and overall self-harm when compared to a manualized supportive psychotherapy that included both individual and group components. […] The mechanisms that underlie the efficacy of DBT-A for adolescent self-harm have not yet been verified empirically, highlighting the need for future research in this area. […] Empirical evidence for the efficacy of these CBT-based approaches remains mixed, and suggests a combination of individual and family-based CBT is most promising for reducing SITBs in youth. […] Mentalization-Based Treatment for Adolescents (MBT-A) is a psychodynamic therapy approach guided by attachment theory that targets self-harming behaviors by teaching mentalization skills.
- #16 Self Injury Treatment | Counseling in Grand Rapids, Saginaw, and Holland | Valencia Agnewhttps://www.adolescentfamilybhs.com/self-injury-treatment
The effective treatment of self-injury is most often a combination of medication, dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), and supplemented by other treatment services as needed. […] DBT is a treatment designed specifically for individuals with self-harm behaviors, such as self-cutting, suicide thoughts, urges to suicide, and suicide attempts. […] Both DBT and CBT helps individuals understand and manage their destructive thoughts and behaviors. […] Successful courses of treatment are marked by 1) patients who are actively involved in and committed to their treatment, 2) aftercare plans with support for the patients new self-management skills and behaviors, and 3) collaboration with referring and other involved professionals.
- #17 Self-injury/cutting – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinichttps://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/self-injury/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20350956
Several types of individual psychotherapy may be helpful, such as: Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), which helps you identify unhealthy, negative beliefs and behaviors and replace them with more effective ones. You can also gain skills that help you cope in different situations when needed. […] Dialectical behavior therapy, a type of CBT that teaches behavioral skills to help you handle distress, manage or regulate your emotions, and improve your relationships with others. […] Mindfulness-based therapies, which help you live in the present and cope with difficult emotions and negative thoughts. These can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve your general well-being. […] In addition to individual therapy sessions, your provider may recommend family therapy or group therapy.
- #18 When clients self harmhttps://www.theraplatform.com/blog/1566/when-clients-self-harm
Mindfulness meditation has several components that are valuable in treating self-harm. Often, feeling numb is the reason why individuals self-injure. Mindfulness helps people connect to their feelings and alleviate that numbness. […] Treating someone who exhibits NSSI may require a higher level of monitoring than the usual outpatient client. Therapists need to be prepared to have more contact with these clients to help prevent relapse. This can take the form of more frequent sessions or check-ins as needed. […] Working with clients who self-harm requires comprehensive treatment and close monitoring.
- #19 Self-injury/cutting – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinichttps://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/self-injury/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20350956
Several types of individual psychotherapy may be helpful, such as: Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), which helps you identify unhealthy, negative beliefs and behaviors and replace them with more effective ones. You can also gain skills that help you cope in different situations when needed. […] Dialectical behavior therapy, a type of CBT that teaches behavioral skills to help you handle distress, manage or regulate your emotions, and improve your relationships with others. […] Mindfulness-based therapies, which help you live in the present and cope with difficult emotions and negative thoughts. These can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve your general well-being. […] In addition to individual therapy sessions, your provider may recommend family therapy or group therapy.
- #20 Self-Mutilation: Cutting, Burning — Treatments and Morehttps://www.webmd.com/depression/self-injury-disorder
Family therapy helps the individual address any history of family stress related to the behavior and can help family members learn to communicate more directly and openly with each other. […] Hypnosis and other relaxation techniques may be helpful in reducing the stress and tension that often precede incidents of self-injury. […] Medications such as antidepressants, low-dose antipsychotics, mood stabilizers, or anti-anxiety medication may all be used to reduce the initial impulsive response to stress. There have also been some studies looking at naltrexone (an opioid blocker) which may help to prevent the feeling that some people experience after they harm themselves.
- #21 Denver Therapists for Self-Harm, Cutting, and Self-Injuryhttps://mydenvertherapy.com/self-harm-injury-cutting/
Therapy can help you overcome self-harm and cutting. […] Therapy can be a helpful way to understand self-harm behaviors and develop productive, practical coping mechanisms. […] Our Denver therapists can help you understand the reasons why you self-harm. […] We can help you develop healthier ways to cope with difficult emotions and situations. […] We can help you build your self-esteem and self-worth. […] Well provide you with support and guidance as you work to overcome self-harm. […] CBT helps people identify and change the negative thoughts and behaviors that contribute to self-harm. […] DBT is a type of CBT that is specifically designed to help people with borderline personality disorder, which is a mental health condition that is often associated with self-harm. […] EMDR is one of the most effective and requested forms of therapy that we offer. […] A powerful form of therapy that has been shown to improve symptoms of anxiety, depression, body image, trauma, health conditions, obsessive tendencies, and more, which can contribute to self-harm and cutting.
- #22 Knoxville Self-Harm Treatment Center | East TN Hospitalhttps://www.easttennesseebehavioralhealth.com/mental-health/self-harm/
At East Tennessee Behavioral Health, we offer multiple levels of care to meet you where you are in your journey. Our streamlined admissions process is designed to help you get into treatment quickly, and our staff of clinical experts will guide you through a personalized plan that takes into account your unique needs. When treatment is over, we’ll provide you with a comprehensive discharge plan that contains resources to help you maintain the progress you made with us.
- #23 Self-injury/cutting – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinichttps://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/self-injury/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20350956
There are no medicines to specifically treat self-injuring behavior. However, if you’re diagnosed with a mental health condition, such as depression or an anxiety disorder, your health care provider may recommend antidepressants or other medicines to treat the underlying condition that’s linked with self-injury. Treatment for these conditions may help reduce the urge to hurt yourself. […] If you injure yourself severely or repeatedly, your health care provider may recommend that you be admitted to a hospital for psychiatric care. Being cared for in a hospital, often short term, can provide a safe environment and more-intensive treatment until you get through a crisis. Mental health day-treatment programs that focus on learning behavioral coping skills to manage distress also may be an option.
- #24 Treatment for Self-Harm – Discovery Mood & Anxiety Programhttps://discoverymood.com/blog/treatment-self-harm/
Treatment for self-harm is aimed at recognizing and treating the underlying cause such as low-self esteem, impulsivity, depression, family dysfunction and conflict, poverty or abuse. […] The goals of treatment for individuals who practice self-harm behavior are as follows: Identify and manage underlying issues that trigger cutting, Learn skills to better manage distress, Learn how to regulate and cope with unhealthy emotions, Learn how to improve self-image and self-esteem, Develop skills to improve relationships and social skills, Develop healthy problem-solving skills. […] Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) has shown to have the most successful and promising results for treating nonsuicidal self-injury disorder (NSSID). […] Medications are not used to treat self-harm behavior however if there is an underlying or co-occurring disorder such as depression or anxiety, medications can be prescribed to treat those specific disorders.
- #25 Treatment For Self-Harm Behavior: Therapy, Medications, & Morehttps://www.therecoveryvillage.com/mental-health/self-harm/treatment/
Cognitive-behavioral therapy for self-harm aims to identify thoughts, feelings and behaviors linked to self-injury; establish strategies to avoid these triggers and build new coping skills to break the cycle. […] Using DBT for self-harm helps to: Regulate emotions, Build mindfulness and awareness, Strengthen relationships, Manage stressful situations. […] A combination of group and individual therapy is usually included in DBT, which has been shown effective for reducing depression, anger, hopelessness, thoughts of suicide and intentional self-harm. […] Psychodynamic therapy centers on the concept that people can change and correct their course. This is accomplished by exploring past events and feelings and understanding the influence they have on the present. […] Medications can decrease symptoms and help people manage mental health issues. Self-harm be improved with medications as well.
- #26 Self-Mutilation and Pharmacotherapyhttps://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2993516/
Objective: To critically review clinical reports on the pharmacotherapy of self-mutilation. […] Results: Clinical reports specifically demonstrating reductions in self-mutilation mainly consist of open studies and case reports. These reports support the use of SSRIs, naltrexone, atypical antipsychotics, mood stabilizers, and clonidine in the treatment of self-mutilation. […] Conclusion: There is evidence, albeit limited, for the pharmacologic management of self-mutilation. Further studies, especially double-blind, placebo-controlled trials, are needed to substantiate these preliminary findings. […] Therapeutic approaches to self-mutilation have perhaps been better studied and have stronger evidence for their efficacy than pharmacologic approaches. […] Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), a variation of cognitive behavioral therapy, has the most empirical support from at least seven well-controlled trials as a psychosocial intervention for borderline personality disorder.
- #27 Self-Mutilation and Pharmacotherapyhttps://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2993516/
Objective: To critically review clinical reports on the pharmacotherapy of self-mutilation. […] Results: Clinical reports specifically demonstrating reductions in self-mutilation mainly consist of open studies and case reports. These reports support the use of SSRIs, naltrexone, atypical antipsychotics, mood stabilizers, and clonidine in the treatment of self-mutilation. […] Conclusion: There is evidence, albeit limited, for the pharmacologic management of self-mutilation. Further studies, especially double-blind, placebo-controlled trials, are needed to substantiate these preliminary findings. […] Therapeutic approaches to self-mutilation have perhaps been better studied and have stronger evidence for their efficacy than pharmacologic approaches. […] Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), a variation of cognitive behavioral therapy, has the most empirical support from at least seven well-controlled trials as a psychosocial intervention for borderline personality disorder.
- #28 When clients self harmhttps://www.theraplatform.com/blog/1566/when-clients-self-harm
The research on treating NSSI with medication is in its infancy. However, Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) and Serotonin and Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs) have shown some potential in reducing self-harming behavior. […] Individuals who self-harm want to hide it. They possess considerable shame regarding their behavior. Therapists must talk candidly about NSSI without judgment. They need to validate and show compassion for their clients pain to decrease their shame and increase their openness to further discussion. […] Recognizing what precedes self-harming behavior is a main goal of therapy. Once emotional and behavioral triggers are identified, therapists can work on replacing self-injurious behavior with more adaptive responses. […] Involving a clients family (especially when they are an adolescent) is key to the reduction of self-harming behavior. Families must be educated about NSSI and be encouraged to exhibit empathy for their loved ones.
- #29 Self-Harm and Trauma – PTSD: National Center for PTSDhttps://www.ptsd.va.gov/understand/related/self_harm.asp
People may hurt themselves and this can take many forms. Self-harm includes self-abuse, cutting and other behaviors. If you self-harm, you are more likely to have PTSD. Learn more about self-harm behaviors and their relationship to trauma and PTSD. […] Self-harm is often seen with other mental health problems like PTSD or substance abuse. For this reason, it does not tend to be treated separately from the other mental health problems. Some research suggests that adding therapy focused just on the self-harming behavior may result in less self-harming. […] There have not yet been strong studies on using medicine to treat self-harm behaviors. For this reason, experts have not reached agreement on whether medicines should be used to treat self-harm behaviors.
- #30 Self-Mutilation and Pharmacotherapyhttps://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2993516/
The focus of this review article is specifically on the pharmacotherapy for the impulsive subset of superficial/moderate self-injurious behavior (SIB). […] Impulsive, superficial self-mutilation is commonly performed by nonpsychotic, normal intelligence patients. […] Self-mutilation is also an important risk factor itself in terms of psychiatric morbidity and mortality. […] Self-mutilation can also be seen as linked to impulse control on a number of levels. […] Despite a number of studies addressing pharmacotherapy of self-mutilation and impulsive aggression, the strengths of the studies tend to be outnumbered by their limitations. […] The limitations of these studies highlight the importance of treating any comorbid conditions, especially Axis I disorders, first and foremost, and investigating available nonpharmacologic approaches to treating self-mutilation. […] A combination of psychotherapy and medication may also be a useful approach. […] Studies are greatly needed that specifically target the symptom of self-mutilation and are constructed to overcome the limitations listed above.
- #31 Self-injury/cutting – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinichttps://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/self-injury/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20350956
There are no medicines to specifically treat self-injuring behavior. However, if you’re diagnosed with a mental health condition, such as depression or an anxiety disorder, your health care provider may recommend antidepressants or other medicines to treat the underlying condition that’s linked with self-injury. Treatment for these conditions may help reduce the urge to hurt yourself. […] If you injure yourself severely or repeatedly, your health care provider may recommend that you be admitted to a hospital for psychiatric care. Being cared for in a hospital, often short term, can provide a safe environment and more-intensive treatment until you get through a crisis. Mental health day-treatment programs that focus on learning behavioral coping skills to manage distress also may be an option.
- #32 Self-injury/cutting – Augusta HealthSearchClose SearchSearch IconSearch IconClose Search IconMobile Menu IconMobile Menu Close IconInstagramFacebookTwitterYoutubehttps://www.augustahealth.com/disease/self-injury-cutting/
If you injure yourself severely or repeatedly, your doctor may recommend that you be admitted to a hospital for psychiatric care. Hospitalization, often short term, can provide a safe environment and more-intensive treatment until you get through a crisis. Mental health day treatment programs also may be an option.
- #33 Self-injury/cutting – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinichttps://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/self-injury/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20350956
There are no medicines to specifically treat self-injuring behavior. However, if you’re diagnosed with a mental health condition, such as depression or an anxiety disorder, your health care provider may recommend antidepressants or other medicines to treat the underlying condition that’s linked with self-injury. Treatment for these conditions may help reduce the urge to hurt yourself. […] If you injure yourself severely or repeatedly, your health care provider may recommend that you be admitted to a hospital for psychiatric care. Being cared for in a hospital, often short term, can provide a safe environment and more-intensive treatment until you get through a crisis. Mental health day-treatment programs that focus on learning behavioral coping skills to manage distress also may be an option.
- #34 Self-injury (Cutting, Self-Harm or Self-Mutilation) | Mental Health Americahttps://www.mhanational.org/conditions/self-injury-cutting-self-harm-or-self-mutilation
Self-injury, also known as self-harm, self-mutilation, or self-abuseâoccurs when someone repeatedly harms themselves on purpose in a way that is impulsive and not intended to be lethal. While self-harm is not intended to be lethal, people who harm themselves are at a higher risk of attempting suicide if they do not receive help. […] If someone displays the signs and symptoms of self-injury, a mental health professional should be contacted. A provider with self-injury expertise may be especially helpful, if available. Self-injury treatment options include outpatient therapy, partial-inpatient (6-12 hours a day) care, and inpatient hospitalization. When the behaviors interfere with daily living, such as employment and relationships, and are health or life-threatening, a specialized self-injury hospital program with an experienced staff is recommended.
- #35 Cutting & Self-Harm: Signs, Diagnosis & Treatment Options – Mission Connection Healthcarehttps://missionconnectionhealthcare.com/what-we-treat/self-harm/
Outpatient treatment programs allow clients to remain at home while visiting a clinic for regular support. […] When it comes to these programs, there are two options: Intensive Outpatient Programs (IOP) provide therapy while allowing clients to return home daily, supporting their mental health while offering flexibility. […] Partial Hospitalization Programs (PHP) provide more intensive forms of support but donât require that patients be hospitalized full-time. […] If increased flexibility is needed, telehealth for self-harm treatment allows clients to engage in self-injury therapy through talk therapies while theyâre at home. […] Telehealth for self-harm treatment gives clients access to licensed therapists through secure video meetings. […] This is ideal for those who need the convenience of home-based therapy.
- #36 Self-Harm Treatment in San Antonio, TX | San Antonio Behavioral Healthcare Hospitalhttps://www.sanantoniobehavioral.com/conditions-we-treat/self-harm-treatment/
Self-harm is a sign of underlying mental health challenges, and people who self-harm require attention from behavioral health professionals. […] People who engage in self-harm can benefit from a range of evidence-based treatment programs at licensed behavioral health hospitals. […] At San Antonio Behavioral Healthcare Hospital, we provide behavioral health treatment programs for people who engage in self-harm. […] Our inpatient services are appropriate for individuals who require immediate stabilization and 24/7 monitoring. […] Additionally, our inpatient treatment programs offer medication management. […] Our outpatient programs for self-harm behaviors include partial hospitalization programs and intensive outpatient programs. […] Our treatment programs focus on helping people understand and cope with the underlying issues that cause self-harm behaviors.
- #37 Self-Injury Treatment: What are the Treatments for Self-Harm? | HealthyPlacehttps://www.healthyplace.com/abuse/self-injury/self-injury-treatment-what-are-the-treatments-for-self-harm
A self-injury treatment center can provide many services. These services include: Self-injury evaluation for proper program placement, Individual, group and family therapy, Impulse control management, Education and support, Medication and case management, Aftercare planning. […] Self-harm treatment centers typically provide a team of caregivers for each patient. This team may include: Psychiatrists, Clinical therapists, Registered nurses, Behavioral health support staff, Expressive therapists.
- #38https://www.healthychildren.org/English/health-issues/conditions/emotional-problems/Pages/when-children-and-teens-self-harm.aspx
When families bring up concerns about self-injury to their pediatrician, it provides the opportunity to talk openly about their child’s situation and work out solutions together. […] Self-harm can also be a way for kids to take control of their bodies when they feel a lack of control over other things or when other aspects of their lives seem unmanageable. […] Looking for and treating both the mental health condition and the self-injury is important. […] Your pediatrician can work with you and your child to create a care plan geared to your child’s needs, which might include talk therapy, stress reduction techniques, medication or other steps that have been shown to help others. […] Talk with your pediatrician or mental health provider about establishing a suicide prevention „safety plan.” This will include practical ways to reorganize your home and get emergency care in any crisis. […] As with any health issue, you can help your child recover by expressing hope, embracing treatment, and making sure they feel your loving, unconditional support.
- #39 Supporting Someone Who’s Self-Harming: What to Do and Sayhttps://www.healthline.com/health/depression/how-to-help-someone-whos-self-harming
These therapy frameworks can help identify the root cause of self-harm and can help create new, beneficial thought patterns and coping mechanisms. […] You can stop a loved one from self-harming. Psychotherapy can explore the underlying causes of emotional distress while also teaching new, helpful ways to cope with negative thoughts and feelings.
- #40 Self-injury/cutting – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinichttps://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/self-injury/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20350956
Follow your treatment plan. Keep therapy appointments. Practice and use coping skills learned in therapy. Take any prescribed medicine as directed. […] Recognize the situations or feelings that might trigger your desire to self-injure. Make a plan for other ways to soothe or distract yourself or to get support, so you’re ready the next time you feel the urge to self-injure. […] Support the treatment plan. Encourage your loved one to take prescribed medicine, if that’s part of the plan. Stress the importance of keeping therapy appointments and practicing the skills learned. […] Your first appointment may be with your primary care provider, a school nurse or a counselor. But because self-injury often requires specialized mental health care, you may be referred to a mental health professional for more evaluation and treatment.
- #41 31 Treatment Plan Ideas for Reducing Self-Injury and Self-Harming Behaviors — Amanda L. Smith, LCSWhttps://www.hopeforbpd.com/borderline-personality-disorder-treatment/managing-self-harm-in-bpd
Self-injury or self-harming behaviors can be difficult to treat. […] Although self-harming behaviors are referred to as non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), I believe that its crucial to also assess for suicidal thinking or planning when addressing self-injurious behaviors. […] Many of the ideas below are adapted from or are a part of dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) but clients may also benefit from a treatment like cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) or mindfulness practices (a curriculum like mindfulness-based stress reduction can be a good place to start). […] Note: Self-harming behaviors can be serious and should not be ignored. Please do not dismiss these behaviors as manipulative or attention-seeking. […] Create a safety plan […] Address self-harm from a psychoeducational perspective
- #42 Treatment For Self-Harm Behavior: Therapy, Medications, & Morehttps://www.therecoveryvillage.com/mental-health/self-harm/treatment/
People are not usually prescribed medication directly for self-harm because currently there are no drugs designed to address these behaviors alone. […] Psychiatric hospitalizations represent the most intensive form of treatment for mental health concerns because the patient remains at the hospital for the entire treatment. […] Following discharge from the psychiatric hospitalization, it will be essential for the individual to find follow-up care to continue the progress made during inpatient care. […] Whether treatment for self-harm is inpatient or outpatient, the patient will need to focus on relapse prevention and aftercare once self-harming behaviors stop. […] Self-harm support groups can also be used to limit the desire for self-harm while expanding someone’s social network. […] In times like these, self-harm hotlines are valuable resources that allow someone to speak to a supportive professional to maintain safety no matter the location. […] If you or a loved one is struggling with substance use disorder and co-occurring self-harm, decide to take action by contacting The Recovery Village.
- #43 Self-Harm & Eating Disordershttps://www.eatingdisorderhope.com/treatment-for-eating-disorders/co-occurring-dual-diagnosis/self-injury
Therapy can provide key behavioral support for eating disorders and self-harming recovery, as therapy will teach the individual how to alter their cognitions and strengthen and use their skills in order to more effectively cope with distress. […] Therapies that will support treatment of both include Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT), Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP), and family-based treatments. […] A key part of preventing eating disorders and self-harm relapse is to continue receiving support even when the behaviors themselves are extinct or occur very rarely. This support may look like bi-weekly therapy sessions, engagement in support groups, or continuing to take prescribed medications. The important part is recognizing that continued work needs to be put into maintaining recovery, as these temptations do not simply âgo awayâ forever.
- #44 Treatments for Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behaviors in Youth: Progress and Challengeshttps://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7480822/
Self-injurious thoughts and behaviors (SITBs) remain a common clinical problem in youth. This article reviews the state of knowledge regarding psychosocial treatments for SITBs in youth. Broadly speaking, psychosocial treatments that incorporate parents/family and that emphasize skills development (including emotion regulation and interpersonal skills) appear to produce the best outcomes. […] We also describe several challenges to the implementation of evidence-based psychotherapy, as well as potential solutions to these challenges, and provide an illustrative case example. […] Effective intervention for at-risk youth is therefore more pressing than ever, especially given evidence that severity of suicidal ideation and attempts at an early age is strongly predictive of future attempts in this age group.
- #45 Treatments for Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behaviors in Youth: Progress and Challengeshttps://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7480822/
Importantly, some studies have explored whether these treatments are effective in subsamples of the population who may be particularly vulnerable to SITBs or are historically under-represented in treatment research, including LGBTQ+ and racial and ethnic minority youth. […] The inclusion of family and skills-development in interventions may be particularly important ingredients when treating SITBs in youth. […] The growing evidence base for the treatment of SITBs in youth is promising, and many challenges to care remain even in the context of these evidence-based approaches. […] Despite the growing number of efficacious interventions well-suited for adolescents presenting with SITBs, a concerning number of youth still do not access mental health services at any level. […] In recent years, digital mental health interventions have emerged as both stand-alone and adjunctive treatments.
- #46 Treatments for Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behaviors in Youth: Progress and Challengeshttps://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7480822/
Importantly, some studies have explored whether these treatments are effective in subsamples of the population who may be particularly vulnerable to SITBs or are historically under-represented in treatment research, including LGBTQ+ and racial and ethnic minority youth. […] The inclusion of family and skills-development in interventions may be particularly important ingredients when treating SITBs in youth. […] The growing evidence base for the treatment of SITBs in youth is promising, and many challenges to care remain even in the context of these evidence-based approaches. […] Despite the growing number of efficacious interventions well-suited for adolescents presenting with SITBs, a concerning number of youth still do not access mental health services at any level. […] In recent years, digital mental health interventions have emerged as both stand-alone and adjunctive treatments.
- #47 Efficacy of interventions for suicide and self-injury in children and adolescents: a meta-analysis | Scientific Reportshttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-16567-8
Most interventions examined were not originally intended to target SITBs, but rather psychopathology broadly defined. […] Because the causes of SITBs remain unknown, existing SITB-specific interventions may not effectively target causal processes underlying SITBs. Identifying and disrupting these processes is critical for developing highly effective interventions. […] This meta-analysis indicates that most youth SITB interventions produce nonsignificant treatment effects. Results were largely consistent over time, regardless of intervention type, SITB outcome type, and sample and study characteristics. […] We hope that this study catalyzes research prioritizing the identification of SITB causes and exploring novel approaches to the study and treatment of SITBs in youth.
- #48 Efficacy of interventions for suicide and self-injury in children and adolescents: a meta-analysis | Scientific Reportshttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-16567-8
Most interventions examined were not originally intended to target SITBs, but rather psychopathology broadly defined. […] Because the causes of SITBs remain unknown, existing SITB-specific interventions may not effectively target causal processes underlying SITBs. Identifying and disrupting these processes is critical for developing highly effective interventions. […] This meta-analysis indicates that most youth SITB interventions produce nonsignificant treatment effects. Results were largely consistent over time, regardless of intervention type, SITB outcome type, and sample and study characteristics. […] We hope that this study catalyzes research prioritizing the identification of SITB causes and exploring novel approaches to the study and treatment of SITBs in youth.
- #49 Self-injury/cutting – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinichttps://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/self-injury/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20350956
Follow your treatment plan. Keep therapy appointments. Practice and use coping skills learned in therapy. Take any prescribed medicine as directed. […] Recognize the situations or feelings that might trigger your desire to self-injure. Make a plan for other ways to soothe or distract yourself or to get support, so you’re ready the next time you feel the urge to self-injure. […] Support the treatment plan. Encourage your loved one to take prescribed medicine, if that’s part of the plan. Stress the importance of keeping therapy appointments and practicing the skills learned. […] Your first appointment may be with your primary care provider, a school nurse or a counselor. But because self-injury often requires specialized mental health care, you may be referred to a mental health professional for more evaluation and treatment.
- #50https://www.healthychildren.org/English/health-issues/conditions/emotional-problems/Pages/when-children-and-teens-self-harm.aspx
When families bring up concerns about self-injury to their pediatrician, it provides the opportunity to talk openly about their child’s situation and work out solutions together. […] Self-harm can also be a way for kids to take control of their bodies when they feel a lack of control over other things or when other aspects of their lives seem unmanageable. […] Looking for and treating both the mental health condition and the self-injury is important. […] Your pediatrician can work with you and your child to create a care plan geared to your child’s needs, which might include talk therapy, stress reduction techniques, medication or other steps that have been shown to help others. […] Talk with your pediatrician or mental health provider about establishing a suicide prevention „safety plan.” This will include practical ways to reorganize your home and get emergency care in any crisis. […] As with any health issue, you can help your child recover by expressing hope, embracing treatment, and making sure they feel your loving, unconditional support.
- #51 What is self-harm? | UNICEF Parentinghttps://www.unicef.org/parenting/mental-health/what-is-self-harm
Your healthcare provider can refer you to a mental health professional so your child can get the right treatment for them. Your child might be offered counselling or talk therapy, where they can talk with a trained mental health professional about what they are feeling and ways to cope. […] Remember, if your child is self-harming they are not doing it for attention, but as a means to cope with problems. They need your support and guidance to feel safe and reassured that they can practice positive ways of coping.
- #52 Self-harm – causes, warning signs and symptoms and when to seek help | healthdirecthttps://www.healthdirect.gov.au/self-harm
Psychological therapies for self-harm may include cognitive behaviour therapy, dialectical behavioural therapy, mindfulness, and problem solving therapy. […] Techniques that work as alternatives and distractions from self-harm can help relieve distress in the short-term. But remember, it’s important to seek medical help to stop self-harming behaviours. […] Examples of alternatives to self-harm that can relieve distress in the short term include the following: distract yourself by doing an activity that you enjoy such as reading, art, journaling, listening to music or going for a walk. […] While it’s important to be there for the person that you care about, it’s a lot to manage on your own. Consider if you need to get support or advice from a healthcare professional or helpline.
- #53 Cutting & Self-Harm: Warning Signs and Treatmenthttps://www.webmd.com/mental-health/features/cutting-self-harm-signs-treatment
Cutting is the most common form of self-injury more than 80% of people who self-harm choose this method but its not the only one. […] Self-harm can be scary, but its treatable. Heres what to look for and how to get help. […] Self-harm is a sign of emotional distress, not a stage kids go through or drop on their own as they get older. […] The best way to treat self-harm is the one tailored to the form of self-harm you use and the mental health issues behind it. […] Treatment may be a combination of: Medication to manage depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive behaviors, and racing thoughts; Cognitive-behavioral therapy to help you understand and manage destructive thoughts and behaviors; Contracts, journals, and behavior logs to regain self-control; Interpersonal therapy to gain insight and skills to develop and maintain relationships.
- #54https://www.counseling.org/publications/counseling-today-magazine/article-archive/article/legacy/helping-youth-who-self-harm
When assessing for self-harm, counselors should not hesitate to ask clients directly about whether an injury was deliberate to determine intent, Visconti says. […] Understanding the full context of a client’s NSSI can help a counselor identify the reasons why they engage in the behavior and, ultimately, personalize and tailor treatment to meet their needs. […] A counselor’s role then is to help the client identify and understand those needs and find ways to meet them without turning to self-harm. […] The self-injury is not the actual problem; it’s what’s underneath it. All the underlying stuff the why is the problem, and [counselors] can miss the boat if [they] don’t explore it. […] Santmyer finds that the ACCEPTS skill from DBT is particularly helpful to strengthen clients’ ability to overcome distressing emotions and situations without turning to self-harm.
- #55 Treatments for Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behaviors in Youth: Progress and Challengeshttps://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7480822/
Importantly, some studies have explored whether these treatments are effective in subsamples of the population who may be particularly vulnerable to SITBs or are historically under-represented in treatment research, including LGBTQ+ and racial and ethnic minority youth. […] The inclusion of family and skills-development in interventions may be particularly important ingredients when treating SITBs in youth. […] The growing evidence base for the treatment of SITBs in youth is promising, and many challenges to care remain even in the context of these evidence-based approaches. […] Despite the growing number of efficacious interventions well-suited for adolescents presenting with SITBs, a concerning number of youth still do not access mental health services at any level. […] In recent years, digital mental health interventions have emerged as both stand-alone and adjunctive treatments.
- #56 Treatments for Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behaviors in Youth: Progress and Challengeshttps://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7480822/
Importantly, some studies have explored whether these treatments are effective in subsamples of the population who may be particularly vulnerable to SITBs or are historically under-represented in treatment research, including LGBTQ+ and racial and ethnic minority youth. […] The inclusion of family and skills-development in interventions may be particularly important ingredients when treating SITBs in youth. […] The growing evidence base for the treatment of SITBs in youth is promising, and many challenges to care remain even in the context of these evidence-based approaches. […] Despite the growing number of efficacious interventions well-suited for adolescents presenting with SITBs, a concerning number of youth still do not access mental health services at any level. […] In recent years, digital mental health interventions have emerged as both stand-alone and adjunctive treatments.
- #57 What is self-harm?https://toolkit.lifeline.org.au/topics/self-harm/what-is-self-harm
If you or someone you know self-harms, it’s important to seek professional help and support. […] A psychologist can help address the underlying emotional and psychological issues that may be driving this behaviour, and to prevent further harm. With the right treatment and support, recovery is possible. […] Calm Harm is an app that provides young people with tools, techniques, and activities to help manage and resist the urge to self-harm while improving emotional regulation skills. […] Lifeline is a free and confidential one-to-one support service for anyone feeling overwhelmed, distressed or having difficulty staying safe.
- #58 Treatments for Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behaviors in Youth: Progress and Challengeshttps://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7480822/
Given this gap, two approaches are needed. First, the importance of investigating and investing in comprehensive universal interventions to prevent the initial onset of suicidal ideation or self-harm is evident. […] Rapid-acting interventions may offer another solution for adolescents in acute crisis. […] One promising possibility that has received increasing interest is ketamine and its derivative esketamine, which can be administered intravenously or as a nasal spray. […] However, to date, no studies to our knowledge have directly examined the impact of ketamine on adolescent brain development, nor the potential addictive properties in adolescent samples. […] The need for new developments in interventions for SITBs in youth to complement existing ones is particularly urgent with the continued increase in suicide rates over the last several years.
- #59 Treatments for Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behaviors in Youth: Progress and Challengeshttps://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7480822/
Given this gap, two approaches are needed. First, the importance of investigating and investing in comprehensive universal interventions to prevent the initial onset of suicidal ideation or self-harm is evident. […] Rapid-acting interventions may offer another solution for adolescents in acute crisis. […] One promising possibility that has received increasing interest is ketamine and its derivative esketamine, which can be administered intravenously or as a nasal spray. […] However, to date, no studies to our knowledge have directly examined the impact of ketamine on adolescent brain development, nor the potential addictive properties in adolescent samples. […] The need for new developments in interventions for SITBs in youth to complement existing ones is particularly urgent with the continued increase in suicide rates over the last several years.
- #60 Treatments for Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behaviors in Youth: Progress and Challengeshttps://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7480822/
Given this gap, two approaches are needed. First, the importance of investigating and investing in comprehensive universal interventions to prevent the initial onset of suicidal ideation or self-harm is evident. […] Rapid-acting interventions may offer another solution for adolescents in acute crisis. […] One promising possibility that has received increasing interest is ketamine and its derivative esketamine, which can be administered intravenously or as a nasal spray. […] However, to date, no studies to our knowledge have directly examined the impact of ketamine on adolescent brain development, nor the potential addictive properties in adolescent samples. […] The need for new developments in interventions for SITBs in youth to complement existing ones is particularly urgent with the continued increase in suicide rates over the last several years.
- #61 Self-injury (Cutting, Self-Harm or Self-Mutilation) | Mental Health Americahttps://www.mhanational.org/conditions/self-injury-cutting-self-harm-or-self-mutilation
Effective treatment of self-injury is most often a combination of medication, cognitive/behavioral therapy, and interpersonal therapy, with additional treatment services as needed. […] Successful courses of treatment are marked by: An individualâs active involvement and commitment to their treatment, Aftercare plans with support for the individualâs new self-management skills and behaviors, and Collaboration between all involved professionals (medical and otherwise).
- #62 Self-Harm Treatment Center in Battle Creek, MI | Bronsonhttps://www.bronsonbehavioralhospital.com/mental-health/self-harm/
Taking the first step to pursue mental health treatment requires courage. By receiving self-harm treatment, people who self-harm can learn how to break the cycle of self-destructive behaviors and find healthier ways to cope with emotional distress. Effective treatment can improve overall well-being and promote a higher quality of life. […] At Bronson Behavioral Health Hospital, we offer evidence-based therapies and round-the-clock support for people who are struggling with acute self-harm behaviors. […] By choosing our self-harm treatment center, people can receive the support, guidance, and resources necessary to break free from the cycle of self-harm. Our compassionate team at Bronson Behavioral Health Hospital is dedicated to providing a safe and nurturing environment where people can embark on their healing journey with confidence.
- #63 Self-injury (Cutting, Self-Harm or Self-Mutilation) | Mental Health Americahttps://www.mhanational.org/conditions/self-injury-cutting-self-harm-or-self-mutilation
Effective treatment of self-injury is most often a combination of medication, cognitive/behavioral therapy, and interpersonal therapy, with additional treatment services as needed. […] Successful courses of treatment are marked by: An individualâs active involvement and commitment to their treatment, Aftercare plans with support for the individualâs new self-management skills and behaviors, and Collaboration between all involved professionals (medical and otherwise).
- #64 Treatments for Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behaviors in Youth: Progress and Challengeshttps://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7480822/
The field has made considerable progress in the treatment of SITBs in youth, largely due to the effectiveness of family-focused, skills-based psychosocial interventions. […] There is also promise in fast-acting treatment approaches that may serve as a bridge for acutely suicidal youth engaging in the more time intensive psychosocial treatment programs.
- #65 Therapy for Cutting Bethesda – Break the Cycle of Self-Harmhttps://www.counselingcenterofmaryland.com/effective-therapy-for-cutting-break-the-cycle-of-self-harm/
Therapy helps people become more in tune with their emotions, especially those that lead to the urge to cut. […] Instead of turning to cutting, therapy provides alternative coping strategies like deep breathing exercises, mindfulness, or finding distractions that promote well-being. […] Often, cutting is a symptom of a deeper issue such as trauma, depression, or anxiety. Therapy allows individuals to work through these underlying problems, reducing the need to self-harm. […] For those at risk of cutting, therapists may help develop a safety plan. […] If youre considering therapy for cutting, finding a therapist who understands self-harm is key. […] If you or a loved one is struggling with self-harm, therapy for cutting can provide the support and tools needed for healing. […] Therapy for cutting provides a way to break free from the cycle of self-harm and address the underlying emotions that drive the behavior. […] Therapy for cutting offers the opportunity to break free from the pain and find a healthier, more positive way to navigate lifes challenges. Healing is possible, and with the right support, you can move forward toward a brighter future.
- #66 Self-Harm/Self-Injurious Treatment Program in Orlando, FLhttps://orlandotreatmentsolutions.com/programs/self-harm-treatment-program/
Self-harm, or self-injury, is an extremely distressing and complex behavior that affects people from all walks of life. […] However, there is hope and help available. We will delve into the scope of self-harm treatment programs, exploring their importance, key components, and how they provide a path toward treatment and recovery. […] Our self-harm treatment program can help you live a better and happier life. […] With the support of our residential self-harm treatment facility in Florida, we can help you deal with these feelings and overcome them without harming yourself in the future. […] Treatment programs for self-harm play an important role in addressing the underlying issues driving the behavior and equipping individuals with healthy coping mechanisms. […] By providing specialized care tailored to each individuals unique needs, treatment programs empower participants to break free from the cycle of self-harm and work toward lasting recovery. […] If you are struggling with self-harm, please consider reaching out for help. It can be a valuable resource in your recovery journey. […] Our self-harm treatment program is designed to help you gain control over your behavior and move forward from your current situation.