Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Choroid plexus carcinoma – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/choroid-plexus-carcinoma/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20578787

  Treatment of a choroid plexus carcinoma is often surgery followed by chemotherapy, radiation therapy or both. […] The goal of surgery is to remove all of the cancer, when possible. But because delicate and important structures may be nearby, surgeons sometimes can’t get all the cancer cells. Other treatments are often needed after surgery. […] Chemotherapy uses medicines to kill cancer cells. It may be used in addition to surgery and radiation therapy to help control the cancer. Sometimes chemotherapy is done at the same time as radiation therapy. […] Radiation therapy uses powerful energy beams to kill tumor cells. The energy can come from X-rays, protons and other sources. Advanced technologies help treat the cancer effectively while sparing healthy tissues. Radiation may be used after surgery, even if the entire tumor was successfully removed. Radiation also may be used later if the tumor grows back.

• #2 Choroid Plexus Tumor Symptoms and Treatment | UPMC

  https://www.upmc.com/services/neurosurgery/brain/conditions/brain-tumors/choroid-plexus-tumor

  Choroid plexus carcinoma is a malignant (cancerous) type of choroid plexus tumor usually require additional treatments, such as radiation therapy and chemotherapy. […] Surgery is the primary treatment for choroid plexus tumors. […] Radiation is a common treatment for brain tumors, either alone or in combination with surgery and/or chemotherapy. […] Chemotherapy treatment uses drugs to stop the growth of cancer cells and may be used to treat choroid plexus carcinoma.

• #3 Management of choroid plexus tumors—an institutional experience

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6431303/

  Choroid plexus tumors are rare entities. Resection is the mainstay of treatment in grade I and grade II tumors and adjuvant treatment is usually reserved for the less frequent choroid plexus carcinoma (CPC). […] Adjuvant therapy was performed in 19.4% of patients, mainly diagnosed with CPC. […] We could confirm that GTR is crucial for treatment of choroid plexus tumors. […] Even after resection, either ventricular or subdural shunting was required in 25.0% of patients. […] Adjuvant therapy was performed in 19.4% of patients. […] Four children with CPC (6 months6.5 years) received chemotherapy. A combination of etoposide with either vincristine or ifosfamide and cisplatin or carboplatin was used. Additional radiotherapy was performed in 2/4 children with CPC, both older than 3 years.

• #4 Management of choroid plexus tumors—an institutional experience

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6431303/

  GTR is the most important prognostic factor in CPTs. […] In our cohort, GTR was strongly associated with higher survival rates and a decreased risk of tumor recurrence. […] In CPC, neoadjuvant chemotherapy has been proposed but has not been used in our series. […] Management of subtotally resected and recurrent CPPs and aCPPs remains controversial. […] In case of metastatic recurrence, our treatment regimen was chemotherapy and/or radiation, which was preceded by resection dependent on extent of disease. […] The question of adjuvant therapy is still in a process of being defined, but molecular patterns will have to be included in the future to provide adequate individual treatment in a multidisciplinary approach.

• #5 Choroid Plexus Papilloma Treatment & Management: Medical Therapy, Surgical Therapy, Outcome and Prognosis

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/250795-treatment

  Adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy in the treatment of choroid plexus carcinoma have been demonstrated to improve survival and may be indicated for aggressive disease. The ifosfamide, carboplatin, and etoposide (ICE) regimen has been successfully used for choroid plexus carcinoma in young children, including neoadjuvant use before a second resection in patients whose initial surgery resulted in subtotal resection. […] However, radiation therapy is not appropriate for younger children and may be helpful only for older individuals. The use of chemotherapy or radiation therapy is considered on an individual basis. […] Gross total surgical resection remains the criterion standard treatment for CPP, and all efforts should be aimed toward this goal. […] The primary treatment of CPP is surgical, and total surgical resection is the goal. Complete removal of the tumor is generally curative and leads to resolution of presenting symptoms in nearly all patients. Even in choroid plexus carcinoma, total resection (if feasible) leads to the best possible outcome.

• #6 Choroid plexus carcinoma – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/choroid-plexus-carcinoma/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20578787

  Treatment of a choroid plexus carcinoma is often surgery followed by chemotherapy, radiation therapy or both. […] The goal of surgery is to remove all of the cancer, when possible. But because delicate and important structures may be nearby, surgeons sometimes can’t get all the cancer cells. Other treatments are often needed after surgery. […] Chemotherapy uses medicines to kill cancer cells. It may be used in addition to surgery and radiation therapy to help control the cancer. Sometimes chemotherapy is done at the same time as radiation therapy. […] Radiation therapy uses powerful energy beams to kill tumor cells. The energy can come from X-rays, protons and other sources. Advanced technologies help treat the cancer effectively while sparing healthy tissues. Radiation may be used after surgery, even if the entire tumor was successfully removed. Radiation also may be used later if the tumor grows back.

• #7 Choroid Plexus Tumor Symptoms and Treatment | UPMC

  https://www.upmc.com/services/neurosurgery/brain/conditions/brain-tumors/choroid-plexus-tumor

  Choroid plexus carcinoma is a malignant (cancerous) type of choroid plexus tumor usually require additional treatments, such as radiation therapy and chemotherapy. […] Surgery is the primary treatment for choroid plexus tumors. […] Radiation is a common treatment for brain tumors, either alone or in combination with surgery and/or chemotherapy. […] Chemotherapy treatment uses drugs to stop the growth of cancer cells and may be used to treat choroid plexus carcinoma.

• #8 Choroid Plexus Papilloma Treatment & Management: Medical Therapy, Surgical Therapy, Outcome and Prognosis

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/250795-treatment

  Subtotally resected papilloma or carcinoma requires adjuvant therapy such as chemotherapy or craniospinal irradiation. […] Gamma knife radiosurgery (GKR) can be considered for patients for whom surgical excision and re-excision have failed, or for those with surgically inaccessible tumor or with recurrence. […] The recent emergence of ifosfamide, carboplatin, and etoposide (ICE) chemotherapy has increased treatment options for patients with residual disease following initial surgery. […] Because of the poor prognosis associated with malignant transformation and the ability of the infant brain to compensate, most clinicians agree that complete surgical resection of CPP should be the goal, regardless of tumor size or location, or the clinical condition of the infant.

• #9 Choroid plexus carcinoma | UM Health-Sparrow

  https://www.uofmhealthsparrow.org/departments-conditions/conditions/choroid-plexus-carcinoma

  Treatment of a choroid plexus carcinoma is often surgery followed by chemotherapy, radiation therapy or both. […] The goal of surgery is to remove all of the cancer, when possible. But because delicate and important structures may be nearby, surgeons sometimes can’t get all the cancer cells. Other treatments are often needed after surgery. […] Surgery can help relieve the symptoms of having too much fluid in the brain, which is also called hydrocephalus. Sometimes a temporary drain is put in during surgery to drain more fluid. […] Chemotherapy uses medicines to kill cancer cells. It may be used in addition to surgery and radiation therapy to help control the cancer. Sometimes chemotherapy is done at the same time as radiation therapy. […] Radiation therapy uses powerful energy beams to kill tumor cells. The energy can come from X-rays, protons and other sources. Advanced technologies help treat the cancer effectively while sparing healthy tissues. Radiation may be used after surgery, even if the entire tumor was successfully removed. Radiation also may be used later if the tumor grows back.

• #10 Choroid plexus carcinoma | UM Health-Sparrow

  https://www.uofmhealthsparrow.org/departments-conditions/conditions/choroid-plexus-carcinoma

  Treatment of a choroid plexus carcinoma is often surgery followed by chemotherapy, radiation therapy or both. […] The goal of surgery is to remove all of the cancer, when possible. But because delicate and important structures may be nearby, surgeons sometimes can’t get all the cancer cells. Other treatments are often needed after surgery. […] Surgery can help relieve the symptoms of having too much fluid in the brain, which is also called hydrocephalus. Sometimes a temporary drain is put in during surgery to drain more fluid. […] Chemotherapy uses medicines to kill cancer cells. It may be used in addition to surgery and radiation therapy to help control the cancer. Sometimes chemotherapy is done at the same time as radiation therapy. […] Radiation therapy uses powerful energy beams to kill tumor cells. The energy can come from X-rays, protons and other sources. Advanced technologies help treat the cancer effectively while sparing healthy tissues. Radiation may be used after surgery, even if the entire tumor was successfully removed. Radiation also may be used later if the tumor grows back.

• #11 Management of choroid plexus tumors—an institutional experience

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6431303/

  Choroid plexus tumors are rare entities. Resection is the mainstay of treatment in grade I and grade II tumors and adjuvant treatment is usually reserved for the less frequent choroid plexus carcinoma (CPC). […] Adjuvant therapy was performed in 19.4% of patients, mainly diagnosed with CPC. […] We could confirm that GTR is crucial for treatment of choroid plexus tumors. […] Even after resection, either ventricular or subdural shunting was required in 25.0% of patients. […] Adjuvant therapy was performed in 19.4% of patients. […] Four children with CPC (6 months6.5 years) received chemotherapy. A combination of etoposide with either vincristine or ifosfamide and cisplatin or carboplatin was used. Additional radiotherapy was performed in 2/4 children with CPC, both older than 3 years.

• #12 Choroid Plexus Tumors Diagnosis & Treatment – NYC | Columbia Neurosurgery in New York City

  https://www.neurosurgery.columbia.edu/patient-care/conditions/choroid-plexus-tumors

  Choroid plexus tumors arise in the brain structures that produce cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Common surgical treatments include craniotomy, endoscopic craniotomy, and shunt placement. […] For nearly all choroid plexus tumors, brain tumor surgery is the primary treatment, and it can result in a cure if complete resection is achieved. Tumor resection can be done a few different ways, and our neurosurgeons choose the approach most suitable for a particular patients tumor. The traditional approach is craniotomy, an open procedure during which the neurosurgeon temporarily removes a piece of skull bone to obtain access to the brain. […] Because of their tendency to infiltrate surrounding tissue, choroid plexus carcinomas may not be amenable to total removal. So as not to risk harming important, healthy structures, neurosurgeons perform subtotal resection in such situations. Adjuvant treatment with radiotherapy, chemotherapy or both may be needed to treat the residual tumor and prevent tumor recurrence.

• #13 Choroid Plexus Tumor | UTHealth Houston Neurosciences

  https://med.uth.edu/neurosciences/choroid-plexus-tumor/

  Surgery is the most common treatment for choroid plexus tumors. Surgical treatments include craniotomy and endoscopic craniotomy. In a craniotomy, the neurosurgeon temporarily removes a piece of skull bone to obtain access to remove the tumor from the brain. Most patients with choroid plexus papilloma wont need any further treatment if the tumor is removed completely. Some patients may have a shunt inserted to drain extra fluid. […] In roughly 15% of choroid plexus carcinomas cases, the entire tumor cannot be removed because healthy tissue would be harmed. After surgery, chemotherapy or radiation may be ordered to target any remaining cancer cells.

• #14

  https://www.aurorahealthcare.org/services/neuroscience/brain-skull-base-care/brain-tumor/choroid-plexus-tumor

  Your treatment will depend on the type of choroid plexus tumor you have as well as its size and location. Doctors often use surgery to remove papilloma (Grade I) and atypical papilloma (Grade II) tumors. […] Minimally invasive surgery for choroid plexus tumors, using a port, involves making a precise, individual plan before surgery that may include the use of brain mapping technology. This is a minimally invasive procedure to access the choroid plexus tumor through a dime-sized narrow channel, or port. […] Well work with you to develop a plan for your choroid plexus tumor treatment that ensures you the best possible outcome. Surgery might be the only choroid plexus tumor treatment youll need. Or your doctors might recommend a combination approach to treat your choroid plexus tumor including:

• #15 Intra-Arterial (IA) Chemotherapy for Newly Diagnosed, Residual, or Recurrent Atypical Choroid Plexus Papilloma (ACPP) and Choroid Plexus Carcinoma (CPC) Prior to Second-Look Surgery | Joint Clinical Trials Office

  https://jcto.weill.cornell.edu/open_clinical_trials/intra-arterial-ia-chemotherapy-for-newly-diagnosed-residual-or-recurrent-atypical-choroid-plexus-papilloma-acpp-and-choroid-plexus-carcinoma-cpc-prior-to-second-look-surgery

  Intra-Arterial (IA) Chemotherapy for Newly Diagnosed, Residual, or Recurrent Atypical Choroid Plexus Papilloma (ACPP) and Choroid Plexus Carcinoma (CPC) Prior to Second-Look Surgery […] The purpose of this study is to better understand if a single dose of inter-arterial (IA) chemotherapy is safe in patients with atypical choroid plexus papilloma or choroid plexus carcinoma. This research also aims to better understand if IA chemotherapy would reduce the size/volume of the tumor, reduce blood loss during surgical removal of ACPP or CPC, and to see if pre-surgical IA chemotherapy would help make surgical removal of the tumor more likely to be successful. […] By giving IA chemotherapy before surgery, this study hopes to reduce the size of the tumor and decrease blood loss, which may lead to more successful removal of the tumor during surgery.

• #16 Choroid plexus carcinoma – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/choroid-plexus-carcinoma/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20578787

  Treatment of a choroid plexus carcinoma is often surgery followed by chemotherapy, radiation therapy or both. […] The goal of surgery is to remove all of the cancer, when possible. But because delicate and important structures may be nearby, surgeons sometimes can’t get all the cancer cells. Other treatments are often needed after surgery. […] Chemotherapy uses medicines to kill cancer cells. It may be used in addition to surgery and radiation therapy to help control the cancer. Sometimes chemotherapy is done at the same time as radiation therapy. […] Radiation therapy uses powerful energy beams to kill tumor cells. The energy can come from X-rays, protons and other sources. Advanced technologies help treat the cancer effectively while sparing healthy tissues. Radiation may be used after surgery, even if the entire tumor was successfully removed. Radiation also may be used later if the tumor grows back.

• #17

  https://www.aurorahealthcare.org/services/neuroscience/brain-skull-base-care/brain-tumor/choroid-plexus-tumor

  Chemotherapy: This approach uses cancer-fighting drugs to stop the growth of choroid plexus tumors. […] CyberKnife radiosurgery: A noninvasive robotic system delivers high-dose radiation therapy to choroid plexus tumors with pinpoint accuracy. Cyberknife is a form of stereotactic radiosurgery. […] Neurosurgery: This is the most common treatment for choroid plexus papillomas. If the tumor recurs, you may need follow-up surgery to remove it. […] Radiation therapy: This process destroys cancer cells and prevents others from growing.

• #18 Choroid plexus carcinoma – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/choroid-plexus-carcinoma/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20578787

  Treatment of a choroid plexus carcinoma is often surgery followed by chemotherapy, radiation therapy or both. […] The goal of surgery is to remove all of the cancer, when possible. But because delicate and important structures may be nearby, surgeons sometimes can’t get all the cancer cells. Other treatments are often needed after surgery. […] Chemotherapy uses medicines to kill cancer cells. It may be used in addition to surgery and radiation therapy to help control the cancer. Sometimes chemotherapy is done at the same time as radiation therapy. […] Radiation therapy uses powerful energy beams to kill tumor cells. The energy can come from X-rays, protons and other sources. Advanced technologies help treat the cancer effectively while sparing healthy tissues. Radiation may be used after surgery, even if the entire tumor was successfully removed. Radiation also may be used later if the tumor grows back.

• #19 Final results of the Choroid Plexus Tumor study CPT-SIOP-2000

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8860833/

  Standards for chemotherapy against choroid plexus tumors (CPT) have not yet been established. […] CPT-SIOP-2000 (NCT00500890) was an international registry for all CPT nesting a chemotherapy randomization for high-risk CPT with Carboplatin/Etoposide/Vincristine (CarbEV) versus Cyclophosphamide/Etoposide/Vincristine (CycEV). […] Chemotherapy for Choroid Plexus Carcinoma is feasible and effective. CarbEV is superior to CycEV. A subset of CPC can be cured without irradiation. […] Treatment recommendations for CPT include multidisciplinary approaches, with maximal surgical resection for all CPT, followed by chemotherapy and radiotherapy for high-risk CPT. […] The use of chemotherapy in the treatment of choroid plexus tumors has increased since CPT-SIOP-2000 was designed. […] This study expands findings from our previous analysis of APP patients.

• #20 Final results of the Choroid Plexus Tumor study CPT-SIOP-2000

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8860833/

  Standards for chemotherapy against choroid plexus tumors (CPT) have not yet been established. […] CPT-SIOP-2000 (NCT00500890) was an international registry for all CPT nesting a chemotherapy randomization for high-risk CPT with Carboplatin/Etoposide/Vincristine (CarbEV) versus Cyclophosphamide/Etoposide/Vincristine (CycEV). […] Chemotherapy for Choroid Plexus Carcinoma is feasible and effective. CarbEV is superior to CycEV. A subset of CPC can be cured without irradiation. […] Treatment recommendations for CPT include multidisciplinary approaches, with maximal surgical resection for all CPT, followed by chemotherapy and radiotherapy for high-risk CPT. […] The use of chemotherapy in the treatment of choroid plexus tumors has increased since CPT-SIOP-2000 was designed. […] This study expands findings from our previous analysis of APP patients.

• #21

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11060-021-03942-0

  Following at least two cycles of chemotherapy, 30 patients with CPC and 8 with APP received irradiation. […] The 2-year OS without and with radiotherapy was 55% versus 96.7%, respectively. […] The use of chemotherapy in the treatment of choroid plexus tumors has increased since CPT-SIOP-2000 was designed. […] CPT-SIOP-2000 adds evidence in support of the use of carboplatin (CarbEV) to achieve superior efficacy compared to cyclophosphamide (CycEV). […] This study expands findings from our previous analysis of APP patients. […] In contrast to common belief, this prospective study did not confirm the impact of complete resection in CPC. […] The efficacy of irradiation has been suggested in retrospective analyses. This study confirmed a trend toward longer survival. […] Establishing a treatment algorithm as guidance was a major objective of the CPT-SIOP-2000 study. […] CPT-SIOP-2000 demonstrates the feasibility of an international randomized clinical trial. CarbEV is effective and tolerable when nested in a multidisciplinary guideline framework.

• #22 Final results of the Choroid Plexus Tumor study CPT-SIOP-2000

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8860833/

  Standards for chemotherapy against choroid plexus tumors (CPT) have not yet been established. […] CPT-SIOP-2000 (NCT00500890) was an international registry for all CPT nesting a chemotherapy randomization for high-risk CPT with Carboplatin/Etoposide/Vincristine (CarbEV) versus Cyclophosphamide/Etoposide/Vincristine (CycEV). […] Chemotherapy for Choroid Plexus Carcinoma is feasible and effective. CarbEV is superior to CycEV. A subset of CPC can be cured without irradiation. […] Treatment recommendations for CPT include multidisciplinary approaches, with maximal surgical resection for all CPT, followed by chemotherapy and radiotherapy for high-risk CPT. […] The use of chemotherapy in the treatment of choroid plexus tumors has increased since CPT-SIOP-2000 was designed. […] This study expands findings from our previous analysis of APP patients.

• #23 Choroid Plexus Papilloma Treatment & Management: Medical Therapy, Surgical Therapy, Outcome and Prognosis

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/250795-treatment

  Adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy in the treatment of choroid plexus carcinoma have been demonstrated to improve survival and may be indicated for aggressive disease. The ifosfamide, carboplatin, and etoposide (ICE) regimen has been successfully used for choroid plexus carcinoma in young children, including neoadjuvant use before a second resection in patients whose initial surgery resulted in subtotal resection. […] However, radiation therapy is not appropriate for younger children and may be helpful only for older individuals. The use of chemotherapy or radiation therapy is considered on an individual basis. […] Gross total surgical resection remains the criterion standard treatment for CPP, and all efforts should be aimed toward this goal. […] The primary treatment of CPP is surgical, and total surgical resection is the goal. Complete removal of the tumor is generally curative and leads to resolution of presenting symptoms in nearly all patients. Even in choroid plexus carcinoma, total resection (if feasible) leads to the best possible outcome.

• #24 Choroid Plexus Papilloma Treatment & Management: Medical Therapy, Surgical Therapy, Outcome and Prognosis

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/250795-treatment

  Subtotally resected papilloma or carcinoma requires adjuvant therapy such as chemotherapy or craniospinal irradiation. […] Gamma knife radiosurgery (GKR) can be considered for patients for whom surgical excision and re-excision have failed, or for those with surgically inaccessible tumor or with recurrence. […] The recent emergence of ifosfamide, carboplatin, and etoposide (ICE) chemotherapy has increased treatment options for patients with residual disease following initial surgery. […] Because of the poor prognosis associated with malignant transformation and the ability of the infant brain to compensate, most clinicians agree that complete surgical resection of CPP should be the goal, regardless of tumor size or location, or the clinical condition of the infant.

• #25 Management of choroid plexus tumors—an institutional experience

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6431303/

  Choroid plexus tumors are rare entities. Resection is the mainstay of treatment in grade I and grade II tumors and adjuvant treatment is usually reserved for the less frequent choroid plexus carcinoma (CPC). […] Adjuvant therapy was performed in 19.4% of patients, mainly diagnosed with CPC. […] We could confirm that GTR is crucial for treatment of choroid plexus tumors. […] Even after resection, either ventricular or subdural shunting was required in 25.0% of patients. […] Adjuvant therapy was performed in 19.4% of patients. […] Four children with CPC (6 months6.5 years) received chemotherapy. A combination of etoposide with either vincristine or ifosfamide and cisplatin or carboplatin was used. Additional radiotherapy was performed in 2/4 children with CPC, both older than 3 years.

• #26 Final results of the Choroid Plexus Tumor study CPT-SIOP-2000

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8860833/

  Standards for chemotherapy against choroid plexus tumors (CPT) have not yet been established. […] CPT-SIOP-2000 (NCT00500890) was an international registry for all CPT nesting a chemotherapy randomization for high-risk CPT with Carboplatin/Etoposide/Vincristine (CarbEV) versus Cyclophosphamide/Etoposide/Vincristine (CycEV). […] Chemotherapy for Choroid Plexus Carcinoma is feasible and effective. CarbEV is superior to CycEV. A subset of CPC can be cured without irradiation. […] Treatment recommendations for CPT include multidisciplinary approaches, with maximal surgical resection for all CPT, followed by chemotherapy and radiotherapy for high-risk CPT. […] The use of chemotherapy in the treatment of choroid plexus tumors has increased since CPT-SIOP-2000 was designed. […] This study expands findings from our previous analysis of APP patients.

• #27

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11060-021-03942-0

  Following at least two cycles of chemotherapy, 30 patients with CPC and 8 with APP received irradiation. […] The 2-year OS without and with radiotherapy was 55% versus 96.7%, respectively. […] The use of chemotherapy in the treatment of choroid plexus tumors has increased since CPT-SIOP-2000 was designed. […] CPT-SIOP-2000 adds evidence in support of the use of carboplatin (CarbEV) to achieve superior efficacy compared to cyclophosphamide (CycEV). […] This study expands findings from our previous analysis of APP patients. […] In contrast to common belief, this prospective study did not confirm the impact of complete resection in CPC. […] The efficacy of irradiation has been suggested in retrospective analyses. This study confirmed a trend toward longer survival. […] Establishing a treatment algorithm as guidance was a major objective of the CPT-SIOP-2000 study. […] CPT-SIOP-2000 demonstrates the feasibility of an international randomized clinical trial. CarbEV is effective and tolerable when nested in a multidisciplinary guideline framework.

• #28 Final results of the Choroid Plexus Tumor study CPT-SIOP-2000

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8860833/

  In contrast to common belief, this prospective study did not confirm the impact of complete resection in CPC. […] The efficacy of irradiation has been suggested in retrospective analyses. […] Establishing a treatment algorithm as guidance was a major objective of the CPT-SIOP-2000 study, and the algorithm developed was widely followed in the international pediatric neuro-oncology community. […] CPT-SIOP-2000 demonstrates the feasibility of an international randomized clinical trial. CarbEV is effective and tolerable when nested in a multidisciplinary guideline framework.

• #29 First Patient Treated in Choroid Plexus Clinical Trial | Neurological Surgery

  https://neurosurgery.weillcornell.org/in-the-news/first-patient-treated-choroid-plexus-clinical-trial

  The primary outcome goal for this Phase I study is establishing the safety of the procedure, and patients will be monitored for a year for any adverse effects. Patients will also be monitored for hoped-for decrease in tumor size and vascularity (since reducing blood flow to a tumor starves it of nutrients and helps prevent growth). Treatment is followed by second-look surgery to resect any remaining tumor. […] Intra-arterial chemotherapy (IAC) is an advanced procedure administered by interventional neurosurgeons or neuroradiologists, who specialize in image-guided treatments for brain and spine conditions. By administering chemotherapy drugs directly to a tumor, IAC delivers high concentrations of cancer-fighting therapy without the toxicity of body-wide intravenous drug delivery. […] This is a very promising trial, and I have a sense of guarded optimism about its potential, says Dr. Souweidane, the principal investigator on the clinical trial. Choroid plexus carcinoma has excellent survival rates in patients who undergo complete tumor resection, but it is significantly less in those who only have partial resections. If we can reduce tumor volume and vascularity before surgery, we may be able to achieve total resection in more patients. […] With this new trial, he now offers new hope to children and families facing the diagnosis of choroid plexus tumors.

• #30 First Patient Treated in Choroid Plexus Clinical Trial | Neurological Surgery

  https://neurosurgery.weillcornell.org/in-the-news/first-patient-treated-choroid-plexus-clinical-trial

  A new clinical trial is now underway at Weill Cornell Medicine, testing intra-arterial chemotherapy for choroid plexus carcinoma. The first patient in the world to undergo this advanced procedure was safely treated by Dr. Mark Souweidane, Dr. Jared Knopman, and Dr. Y. Pierre Gobin in May 2023. […] In this trial (Intra-Arterial Chemotherapy for Newly Diagnosed, Residual, or Recurrent Atypical Choroid Plexus Papilloma and Choroid Plexus Carcinoma Prior to Second-Look Surgery), patients receive single doses of the drugs melphalan, carboplatin, and topotecan delivered through one or more arteries in the brain, directly to the site of the tumor. This combination of drugs has already been used successfully to treat retinoblastoma, a devastating tumor that once required the removal of the affected eye. It is hoped that this same combination will be a safe and feasible treatment for patients with newly diagnosed, residual, or recurrent atypical choroid plexus papilloma and choroid plexus carcinoma.

• #31 First Patient Treated in Choroid Plexus Clinical Trial | Neurological Surgery

  https://neurosurgery.weillcornell.org/in-the-news/first-patient-treated-choroid-plexus-clinical-trial

  A new clinical trial is now underway at Weill Cornell Medicine, testing intra-arterial chemotherapy for choroid plexus carcinoma. The first patient in the world to undergo this advanced procedure was safely treated by Dr. Mark Souweidane, Dr. Jared Knopman, and Dr. Y. Pierre Gobin in May 2023. […] In this trial (Intra-Arterial Chemotherapy for Newly Diagnosed, Residual, or Recurrent Atypical Choroid Plexus Papilloma and Choroid Plexus Carcinoma Prior to Second-Look Surgery), patients receive single doses of the drugs melphalan, carboplatin, and topotecan delivered through one or more arteries in the brain, directly to the site of the tumor. This combination of drugs has already been used successfully to treat retinoblastoma, a devastating tumor that once required the removal of the affected eye. It is hoped that this same combination will be a safe and feasible treatment for patients with newly diagnosed, residual, or recurrent atypical choroid plexus papilloma and choroid plexus carcinoma.

• #32 First Patient Treated in Choroid Plexus Clinical Trial | Neurological Surgery

  https://neurosurgery.weillcornell.org/in-the-news/first-patient-treated-choroid-plexus-clinical-trial

  The primary outcome goal for this Phase I study is establishing the safety of the procedure, and patients will be monitored for a year for any adverse effects. Patients will also be monitored for hoped-for decrease in tumor size and vascularity (since reducing blood flow to a tumor starves it of nutrients and helps prevent growth). Treatment is followed by second-look surgery to resect any remaining tumor. […] Intra-arterial chemotherapy (IAC) is an advanced procedure administered by interventional neurosurgeons or neuroradiologists, who specialize in image-guided treatments for brain and spine conditions. By administering chemotherapy drugs directly to a tumor, IAC delivers high concentrations of cancer-fighting therapy without the toxicity of body-wide intravenous drug delivery. […] This is a very promising trial, and I have a sense of guarded optimism about its potential, says Dr. Souweidane, the principal investigator on the clinical trial. Choroid plexus carcinoma has excellent survival rates in patients who undergo complete tumor resection, but it is significantly less in those who only have partial resections. If we can reduce tumor volume and vascularity before surgery, we may be able to achieve total resection in more patients. […] With this new trial, he now offers new hope to children and families facing the diagnosis of choroid plexus tumors.

• #33 Choroid Plexus Tumors | UCSF Brain Tumor Center

  https://braintumorcenter.ucsf.edu/condition/choroid-plexus-tumors

  Choroid plexus tumors are most effectively treated with surgery, to remove as much of the tumor as possible. […] Patients with choroid plexus carcinomas also have improved outcomes when the tumor is completely removed, but are more successfully treated with a combination of therapies. […] Aggressive chemotherapy, which may be provided as high-dose chemotherapy with stem cell transplant, is often recommended for patients with choroid plexus carcinomas. […] Radiation therapy may also be used in combination with surgery and chemotherapy. […] For patients with choroid plexus carcinoma, long-term outcomes depend on a variety of factors, including the size and location of the tumor, whether it spread (or metastasized) to other brain regions, and whether it was completely removed during surgery. […] In general, complete surgical removal of the tumor offers the best patient outcomes. […] However, patients with choroid plexus carcinoma often require more aggressive treatments, such as chemotherapy and/or radiation after surgery.

• #34 Choroid plexus carcinoma – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/choroid-plexus-carcinoma/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20578787

  Treatment of a choroid plexus carcinoma is often surgery followed by chemotherapy, radiation therapy or both. […] The goal of surgery is to remove all of the cancer, when possible. But because delicate and important structures may be nearby, surgeons sometimes can’t get all the cancer cells. Other treatments are often needed after surgery. […] Chemotherapy uses medicines to kill cancer cells. It may be used in addition to surgery and radiation therapy to help control the cancer. Sometimes chemotherapy is done at the same time as radiation therapy. […] Radiation therapy uses powerful energy beams to kill tumor cells. The energy can come from X-rays, protons and other sources. Advanced technologies help treat the cancer effectively while sparing healthy tissues. Radiation may be used after surgery, even if the entire tumor was successfully removed. Radiation also may be used later if the tumor grows back.

• #35 Choroid plexus carcinoma | UM Health-Sparrow

  https://www.uofmhealthsparrow.org/departments-conditions/conditions/choroid-plexus-carcinoma

  Treatment of a choroid plexus carcinoma is often surgery followed by chemotherapy, radiation therapy or both. […] The goal of surgery is to remove all of the cancer, when possible. But because delicate and important structures may be nearby, surgeons sometimes can’t get all the cancer cells. Other treatments are often needed after surgery. […] Surgery can help relieve the symptoms of having too much fluid in the brain, which is also called hydrocephalus. Sometimes a temporary drain is put in during surgery to drain more fluid. […] Chemotherapy uses medicines to kill cancer cells. It may be used in addition to surgery and radiation therapy to help control the cancer. Sometimes chemotherapy is done at the same time as radiation therapy. […] Radiation therapy uses powerful energy beams to kill tumor cells. The energy can come from X-rays, protons and other sources. Advanced technologies help treat the cancer effectively while sparing healthy tissues. Radiation may be used after surgery, even if the entire tumor was successfully removed. Radiation also may be used later if the tumor grows back.

• #36 Choroid plexus carcinoma – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/choroid-plexus-carcinoma/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20578787

  Treatment of a choroid plexus carcinoma is often surgery followed by chemotherapy, radiation therapy or both. […] The goal of surgery is to remove all of the cancer, when possible. But because delicate and important structures may be nearby, surgeons sometimes can’t get all the cancer cells. Other treatments are often needed after surgery. […] Chemotherapy uses medicines to kill cancer cells. It may be used in addition to surgery and radiation therapy to help control the cancer. Sometimes chemotherapy is done at the same time as radiation therapy. […] Radiation therapy uses powerful energy beams to kill tumor cells. The energy can come from X-rays, protons and other sources. Advanced technologies help treat the cancer effectively while sparing healthy tissues. Radiation may be used after surgery, even if the entire tumor was successfully removed. Radiation also may be used later if the tumor grows back.

• #37 Choroid plexus carcinoma | UM Health-Sparrow

  https://www.uofmhealthsparrow.org/departments-conditions/conditions/choroid-plexus-carcinoma

  Treatment of a choroid plexus carcinoma is often surgery followed by chemotherapy, radiation therapy or both. […] The goal of surgery is to remove all of the cancer, when possible. But because delicate and important structures may be nearby, surgeons sometimes can’t get all the cancer cells. Other treatments are often needed after surgery. […] Surgery can help relieve the symptoms of having too much fluid in the brain, which is also called hydrocephalus. Sometimes a temporary drain is put in during surgery to drain more fluid. […] Chemotherapy uses medicines to kill cancer cells. It may be used in addition to surgery and radiation therapy to help control the cancer. Sometimes chemotherapy is done at the same time as radiation therapy. […] Radiation therapy uses powerful energy beams to kill tumor cells. The energy can come from X-rays, protons and other sources. Advanced technologies help treat the cancer effectively while sparing healthy tissues. Radiation may be used after surgery, even if the entire tumor was successfully removed. Radiation also may be used later if the tumor grows back.

• #38 Choroid plexus tumours | British Journal of Cancer

  https://www.nature.com/articles/6600609

  Choroid plexus tumours are rare epithelial brain tumours and limited information is available regarding their biology and the best treatment. […] A meta-analysis was done to determine prognostic factors and the influence of various treatment modalities. […] Surgery was prognostically relevant for both choroid plexus-papilloma and choroid plexus-carcinoma. […] Radiotherapy was associated with significantly better survival in choroid plexus-carcinomas. […] Treatment of choroid plexus tumours should start with radical surgical resection. This should be followed by adjuvant treatment in case of choroid plexus-carcinoma, and a wait and see approach in choroid plexus-papilloma. […] The current treatment of choroid plexus tumours is based on little evidence. […] In CPC patients adjuvant treatment should follow surgery.

• #39 Choroid plexus tumours | British Journal of Cancer

  https://www.nature.com/articles/6600609

  We confirmed significant improved survival for patients with CPC who received irradiation in both subgroups (a) with residual tumour and (b) after gross total resection. […] However, radiation is to be avoided in young children, in whom long term sequelae are severe. This leaves chemotherapy as adjuvant modality for the majority of patients. […] In contrast to CPC, there is no published evidence yet that adjuvant treatment has any impact on survival of CPP patients. […] The better prognosis documented in publications after 1970 is most likely caused by improvement of surgical and intensive care techniques. Therefore, the data collected in this review further support a wait and see policy after first tumour resection. […] In conclusion, the data generated in this meta-analysis supports the hypothesis of distinct choroid plexus tumour subtypes which differ in variables such as gender, age at diagnosis, prognosis, location and malignancy. The previously known importance of gross total resection was confirmed by this analysis. In addition, evidence was provided that adjuvant therapy increases survival in CPC patients.

• #40 Choroid plexus carcinoma – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/choroid-plexus-carcinoma/symptoms-causes/syc-20578760

  Treatment and chance of recovery depend on many factors. These include the cancer’s size, location, whether it has spread, and your child’s age and general health. […] Associated Procedures include Chemotherapy, Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), Intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT), and Radiation therapy.

• #41 Choroid plexus carcinoma – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/choroid-plexus-carcinoma/symptoms-causes/syc-20578760

  Treatment and chance of recovery depend on many factors. These include the cancer’s size, location, whether it has spread, and your child’s age and general health. […] Associated Procedures include Chemotherapy, Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), Intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT), and Radiation therapy.

• #42 Choroid Plexus Tumors Diagnosis & Treatment – NYC | Columbia Neurosurgery in New York City

  https://www.neurosurgery.columbia.edu/patient-care/conditions/choroid-plexus-tumors

  If tumor recurrence occurs, resection, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these approaches may be recommended. Stereotactic radiosurgery may be administered—a noninvasive process in which high doses of radiation are focused at the tumor cells, leaving the adjacent brain tissue unaffected. […] The protocol is somewhat different for very young patients: Radiotherapy is avoided in children under age 3 because of potential negative effects on the child’s developing brain; chemotherapy can be used instead.

• #43 Recurrent choroid plexus carcinoma treated with CyberKnife radiosurgery: illustrative case in: Journal of Neurosurgery: Case Lessons Volume 8 Issue 2 (2024) Journals

  https://thejns.org/caselessons/view/journals/j-neurosurg-case-lessons/8/2/article-CASE23748.xml

  Choroid plexus carcinomas (CPCs) are rare malignant brain tumors primarily affecting children younger than 2 years old. […] Although CPCs often show a notably high recurrence rate after surgery, the standard treatment approach remains gross-total resection (GTR) of the tumor, given the lack of clinical data supporting the effectiveness of adjunct treatment options such as radiotherapy or chemotherapy. […] SRS can be used as a viable adjunct to surgery, which remains the gold standard, although it can also be considered for nonsurgical candidates or when GTR cannot be achieved. […] Nevertheless, it is crucial to conduct additional research to explore diverse approaches for radiosurgery, including its role as the primary treatment modality versus its combination with surgery, radiotherapy, or chemotherapy.

• #44

  https://www.aurorahealthcare.org/services/neuroscience/brain-skull-base-care/brain-tumor/choroid-plexus-tumor

  Chemotherapy: This approach uses cancer-fighting drugs to stop the growth of choroid plexus tumors. […] CyberKnife radiosurgery: A noninvasive robotic system delivers high-dose radiation therapy to choroid plexus tumors with pinpoint accuracy. Cyberknife is a form of stereotactic radiosurgery. […] Neurosurgery: This is the most common treatment for choroid plexus papillomas. If the tumor recurs, you may need follow-up surgery to remove it. […] Radiation therapy: This process destroys cancer cells and prevents others from growing.

• #45 Choroid Plexus Tumors Diagnosis & Treatment – NYC | Columbia Neurosurgery in New York City

  https://www.neurosurgery.columbia.edu/patient-care/conditions/choroid-plexus-tumors

  If tumor recurrence occurs, resection, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these approaches may be recommended. Stereotactic radiosurgery may be administered—a noninvasive process in which high doses of radiation are focused at the tumor cells, leaving the adjacent brain tissue unaffected. […] The protocol is somewhat different for very young patients: Radiotherapy is avoided in children under age 3 because of potential negative effects on the child’s developing brain; chemotherapy can be used instead.

• #46 Choroid plexus carcinoma | The Brain Tumour Charity

  https://www.thebraintumourcharity.org/brain-tumour-diagnosis-treatment/types-brain-tumour-children/choroid-plexus-carcinoma/

  Treatment involves removing as much of the tumour as possible followed by chemotherapy and, sometimes, radiotherapy. This partly depends on the age of the child, as health professionals try not to give radiotherapy to children under 3 years.

• #47 Choroid plexus tumor (CPT) – Prinses Máxima Centrum – Zorg

  https://zorg.prinsesmaximacentrum.nl/en/diagnosis/choroid-plexus-tumor-cpt

  Children with choroid plexus carcinoma receive additional chemotherapy and radiotherapy treatment after surgery. […] Children under 3 years old with a carcinoma do not undergo radiotherapy due to the risk of damage to the healthy brain tissue. They receive long-term chemotherapy treatment to ensure that the tumor disappears or remains dormant until they are old enough to receive radiotherapy. […] Choroid plexus carcinoma does not respond very well to chemotherapy and radiotherapy in about 50% of the children, in which case the tumor cannot be brought under control. However, there are certainly children who recover from choroid plexus carcinoma.

• #48 Choroid Plexus Tumors Diagnosis & Treatment – NYC | Columbia Neurosurgery in New York City

  https://www.neurosurgery.columbia.edu/patient-care/conditions/choroid-plexus-tumors

  If tumor recurrence occurs, resection, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these approaches may be recommended. Stereotactic radiosurgery may be administered—a noninvasive process in which high doses of radiation are focused at the tumor cells, leaving the adjacent brain tissue unaffected. […] The protocol is somewhat different for very young patients: Radiotherapy is avoided in children under age 3 because of potential negative effects on the child’s developing brain; chemotherapy can be used instead.

• #49 Approaches to Minimise the Neurodevelopmental Impact of Choroid Plexus Carcinoma and Its Treatment

  https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/13/9/1855

  These neurocognitive impacts in irradiated children become more pronounced with time, with children accumulating a loss of 1 to 4 full-scale intelligence quotient (FSIQ) points per year. […] The reduction in IQ is thought to be a result of a failure to learn new skills and information at the same rate as peers, and critically, this effect continues to fall with time from treatment, without reaching a plateau. […] Although radiation therapy is unquestionably the most damaging treatment modality, many still consider it necessary for a cure. […] However, data are conflicting, with others showing no benefit of radiation therapy and recent data failing to show a significant difference in outcome between those irradiated and those not, albeit in very small numbers. […] This suggests radiation therapy is not essential for cure and therefore stratification of lower risk patients to treatment without irradiation is possible.

• #50 Approaches to Minimise the Neurodevelopmental Impact of Choroid Plexus Carcinoma and Its Treatment

  https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/13/9/1855

  These neurocognitive impacts in irradiated children become more pronounced with time, with children accumulating a loss of 1 to 4 full-scale intelligence quotient (FSIQ) points per year. […] The reduction in IQ is thought to be a result of a failure to learn new skills and information at the same rate as peers, and critically, this effect continues to fall with time from treatment, without reaching a plateau. […] Although radiation therapy is unquestionably the most damaging treatment modality, many still consider it necessary for a cure. […] However, data are conflicting, with others showing no benefit of radiation therapy and recent data failing to show a significant difference in outcome between those irradiated and those not, albeit in very small numbers. […] This suggests radiation therapy is not essential for cure and therefore stratification of lower risk patients to treatment without irradiation is possible.

• #51 Approaches to Minimise the Neurodevelopmental Impact of Choroid Plexus Carcinoma and Its Treatment

  https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/13/9/1855

  Particular consideration must be given to those with germline TP53 mutations (the Li-Fraumeni cancer predisposition syndrome) the incidence of which is high in CPC, estimated at 30–100%. […] If radiotherapy is unavoidable, it may be possible to reduce the fields of irradiation to focal fields rather than craniospinal irradiation (CSI) in localised disease. […] In the future, there may be other strategies that might be used, for instance, using agents that potentiate or act synergistically with irradiation and, thus, may allow the dose of irradiation to be reduced. […] Although individual potential cannot be accounted for, when treated with chemotherapy alone, intelligence, academic achievement, receptive language, and visual–motor integration have a tendency to fall within the normal range, measuring average to low-average scores, with social–emotional domains also better preserved.

• #52 Radiation Therapy for Choroid Plexus Carcinoma Patients with Li-Fraumeni Syndrome: Advantageous or Detrimental? | Anticancer Research

  https://ar.iiarjournals.org/content/35/5/3013

  Choroid plexus carcinomas (CPCs) are rare pediatric tumors often associated with Li-Fraumeni Syndrome (LFS), a germline mutation in the TP53 tumor-suppressor gene, predisposing to cancer. […] The survival of patients receiving radiation was inferior to that of those without radiation [median (95% confidence interval) 2-year OS=0.180.12% versus 0.580.12%]. […] This finding provides evidence for pursuing treatment approaches that do not include radiation therapy for patients with LFS. […] Current recommendations for the treatment of CPC include surgical resection followed by adjuvant therapy. […] However, the role of radiation therapy remains controversial. […] The present results suggest that there is a survival disadvantage with the use of radiation therapy for patients with LFS with CPC.

• #53 LFS Childhood Cancer Awareness: Choroid Plexus Carcinoma | Living LFS: Li-Fraumeni Syndrome

  https://livinglfs.org/lfs-childhood-cancer-awareness-choroid-plexus-carcinoma/

  Choroid Plexus Carcinoma generally occurs in children under the age of 2 and the survival prognosis is poor, especially in tumors that have acquired many mutations. If the child is diagnosed with a TP53 mutation, yet their parents do not have the mutation, they are considered „de novo”- a new mutation. These mutations can happen in the parent’s germ cells or at some point during pregnancy. […] Kids and people with LFS are very sensitive to ionizing radiation, especially to the brain. Risks and benefits should be discussed with a professional team knowledgeable in Li-Fraumeni Syndrome. Recent studies show that radiation therapy for Choroid Plexus Tumors in LFS could negatively affect survival. Treatment options for Choroid Plexus Tumors include surgery and chemotherapy. […] Knowing LFS status can affect screening and treatment decisions. Many don’t know at the time of Choroid Plexus Carcinoma diagnosis that there is a TP53 mutation. Often genetic counseling and testing is recommended during treatment. Testing for hereditary conditions like LFS is a personal and even controversial decision.

• #54 Choroid Plexus Tumor Treatment | St. Jude Care & Treatment

  https://www.stjude.org/care-treatment/treatment/childhood-cancer/brain-tumors/choroid-plexus-tumor.html

  Surgery is the most common form of treatment. The goal of surgery is to remove as much of the tumor as possible. Some children may also need chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or both to get rid of cancer cells that remain after surgery. […] Our brain tumor clinical trials have led to the clinical use of better therapies in children. These improvements include lower-dose therapies, targeted therapy, and proton therapy. These treatments kill cancer cells while sparing healthy cells, and may lessen the severity of side effects that affect brain function after treatment for some types of brain tumors. […] St. Jude offers a dedicated team of specialists to meet the needs of children with brain tumors, including surgeons, doctors, and nurses who treat this cancer, doctors who specialize in radiation therapy and pathology, experts in radiology and nuclear medicine, genetic counselors, clinical dietitians, child life specialists, psychologists, researchers, and scientists.

• #55 Choroid plexus tumor: Symptoms, treatment, and outlook

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/choroid-plexus-tumor

  Treatment for choroid plexus tumors depends on the type, grade, and location of the tumor. The options may include: […] When possible, the main treatment for choroid plexus tumors is surgical removal. Surgery aims to remove as much of the tumor as possible without causing further symptoms. […] This involves using radiation to kill cancer cells. Doctors may use it after surgery to remove cells that surgery did not. […] These potent drugs target cancerous cells and prevent recurrence. Similarly to radiation, doctors can also use it after surgery. […] People may also be able to take part in clinical trials for other types of treatment, such as targeted therapies or immunotherapy. […] Treatment typically includes surgical removal, radiation therapy, or chemotherapy, depending on whether the tumor is malignant. […] Early intervention and a comprehensive, multidisciplinary approach are crucial for managing symptoms and improving outcomes.

• #56 Choroid plexus tumours | Canadian Cancer Society

  https://cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/brain-and-spinal-cord-childhood/treatment/choroid-plexus-tumours

  Choroid plexus tumours are a rare type of childhood brain tumour. They start in the choroid plexus, which is a small organ in the ventricles of the brain that makes cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). […] The following are treatment options for choroid plexus tumours. The healthcare team will suggest treatments based on your child’s needs and work with you to develop a treatment plan. […] Newly diagnosed choroid plexus tumours may be treated with surgery, radiation therapy or chemotherapy. […] Recurrent choroid plexus tumours may be treated with surgery. Radiation therapy, chemotherapy or both may be used after surgery, depending on what was previously used to treat the tumour. […] Surgery is the main treatment for choroid plexus tumours that can be easily reached. The goal is to remove as much of the tumour as possible. If the doctor can remove all of the tumour, no further treatment may be needed. If the tumour cant be completely removed, other treatments can be used, such as radiation therapy or chemotherapy. Surgery may also be used to relieve a buildup of CSF.

• #57 SSA – POMS: DI 23022.938 – Choroid Plexus Carcinoma – 08/11/2021

  https://secure.ssa.gov/poms.nsf/lnx/0423022938

  Choroid Plexus Carcinoma tumors spread aggressively and prognosis is generally poor. Only about one in four children will survive five years past initial diagnosis, although children who successfully undergo complete tumor resection surgery have a much more favorable outlook, with a five-year survival rate of about 60%. […] Surgical intervention to remove the tumor is the preferred initial course of treatment of Choroid Plexus Carcinoma when possible. However, complete surgical resection often presents high risk of damage to nearby areas of the brain. Partial resection is commonly employed in combination with other treatment modalities including chemotherapy and radiation to mitigate risk to the patient. Follow-up surgery may be necessary in the event of recurrence. […] Treatment of Choroid Plexus Carcinoma is often surgery followed by chemotherapy radiation therapy or both, which would satisfy listing 113.13 C.

• #58 Choroid plexus carcinoma – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/choroid-plexus-carcinoma/symptoms-causes/syc-20578760

  Treatment and chance of recovery depend on many factors. These include the cancer’s size, location, whether it has spread, and your child’s age and general health. […] Associated Procedures include Chemotherapy, Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), Intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT), and Radiation therapy.

• #59 Final results of the Choroid Plexus Tumor study CPT-SIOP-2000

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8860833/

  In contrast to common belief, this prospective study did not confirm the impact of complete resection in CPC. […] The efficacy of irradiation has been suggested in retrospective analyses. […] Establishing a treatment algorithm as guidance was a major objective of the CPT-SIOP-2000 study, and the algorithm developed was widely followed in the international pediatric neuro-oncology community. […] CPT-SIOP-2000 demonstrates the feasibility of an international randomized clinical trial. CarbEV is effective and tolerable when nested in a multidisciplinary guideline framework.

• #60 Final results of the Choroid Plexus Tumor study CPT-SIOP-2000

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8860833/

  Standards for chemotherapy against choroid plexus tumors (CPT) have not yet been established. […] CPT-SIOP-2000 (NCT00500890) was an international registry for all CPT nesting a chemotherapy randomization for high-risk CPT with Carboplatin/Etoposide/Vincristine (CarbEV) versus Cyclophosphamide/Etoposide/Vincristine (CycEV). […] Chemotherapy for Choroid Plexus Carcinoma is feasible and effective. CarbEV is superior to CycEV. A subset of CPC can be cured without irradiation. […] Treatment recommendations for CPT include multidisciplinary approaches, with maximal surgical resection for all CPT, followed by chemotherapy and radiotherapy for high-risk CPT. […] The use of chemotherapy in the treatment of choroid plexus tumors has increased since CPT-SIOP-2000 was designed. […] This study expands findings from our previous analysis of APP patients.

• #61 Choroid Plexus Brain Tumor | Boston Children’s Hospital

  https://www.childrenshospital.org/conditions/choroid-plexus-brain-tumor

  Successfully treating your child’s brain tumor depends on what type of choroid plexus tumor your child has. Doctors at Dana-Farber/Boston Children’s will classify your child’s tumor as one of the following types: […] Choroid plexus carcinomas (CPCs) grow more aggressively and are more likely to spread than either APPs or CPPs. CPCs are less common, accounting for 25-35 percent of all choroid plexus tumors. […] Choroid plexus tumor treatment may include: Neurosurgery to remove the tumor, Chemotherapy, Radiation. […] Patients with choroid plexus papilloma do extremely well with surgery. Children with choroid plexus carcinoma have a more guarded prognosis and often require aggressive treatment. […] There are a number of standard and experimental treatment options for children with progressive or recurrent choroid plexus tumors. A second surgery may be necessary for recurrent tumors, followed by either chemotherapy or radiation therapy. […] Children with choroid plexus tumors are treated through the Brain Tumor Center at Dana-Farber/Boston Children’s Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, a world-renowned destination for children with malignant and non-malignant brain and spinal cord tumors.

• #62 Management of choroid plexus tumors—an institutional experience

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6431303/

  GTR is the most important prognostic factor in CPTs. […] In our cohort, GTR was strongly associated with higher survival rates and a decreased risk of tumor recurrence. […] In CPC, neoadjuvant chemotherapy has been proposed but has not been used in our series. […] Management of subtotally resected and recurrent CPPs and aCPPs remains controversial. […] In case of metastatic recurrence, our treatment regimen was chemotherapy and/or radiation, which was preceded by resection dependent on extent of disease. […] The question of adjuvant therapy is still in a process of being defined, but molecular patterns will have to be included in the future to provide adequate individual treatment in a multidisciplinary approach.

• #63

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00701-019-03832-5

  Management of subtotally resected and recurrent CPPs and aCPPs remains controversial. […] In case of metastatic recurrence, our treatment regimen was chemotherapy and/or radiation, which was preceded by resection dependent on extent of disease. […] GTR is the most important predictor of OS regardless of histological grading. The question of adjuvant therapy is still in a process of being defined, but molecular patterns will have to be included in the future to provide adequate individual treatment in a multidisciplinary approach.

• #64 Choroid Plexus Papilloma Treatment & Management: Medical Therapy, Surgical Therapy, Outcome and Prognosis

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/250795-treatment

  Subtotally resected papilloma or carcinoma requires adjuvant therapy such as chemotherapy or craniospinal irradiation. […] Gamma knife radiosurgery (GKR) can be considered for patients for whom surgical excision and re-excision have failed, or for those with surgically inaccessible tumor or with recurrence. […] The recent emergence of ifosfamide, carboplatin, and etoposide (ICE) chemotherapy has increased treatment options for patients with residual disease following initial surgery. […] Because of the poor prognosis associated with malignant transformation and the ability of the infant brain to compensate, most clinicians agree that complete surgical resection of CPP should be the goal, regardless of tumor size or location, or the clinical condition of the infant.

• #65 Approaches to Minimise the Neurodevelopmental Impact of Choroid Plexus Carcinoma and Its Treatment

  https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/13/9/1855

  This review aims to highlight multiple approaches physicians can use when treating young children with CPC, to focus on neurocognitive outcomes as a measure of success. […] Treatment includes maximal safe surgery, multiagent chemotherapy, and either high-dose marrow-ablative chemotherapy with hematopoietic stem cell rescue (HDC) or radiation therapy. […] Chemotherapy improves survival, and chemotherapy responses are well documented with cyclophosphamide, etoposide, carboplatin, and vincristine of most value. […] More recently, intravenously administered high-dose methotrexate-containing regimens have been added. […] Recently, treatment strategies are aiming to better stratify patients and identify lower risk patients in whom treatment can be de-escalated, potentially limiting the neurocognitive damage.

• #66 Final results of the Choroid Plexus Tumor study CPT-SIOP-2000

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8860833/

  Standards for chemotherapy against choroid plexus tumors (CPT) have not yet been established. […] CPT-SIOP-2000 (NCT00500890) was an international registry for all CPT nesting a chemotherapy randomization for high-risk CPT with Carboplatin/Etoposide/Vincristine (CarbEV) versus Cyclophosphamide/Etoposide/Vincristine (CycEV). […] Chemotherapy for Choroid Plexus Carcinoma is feasible and effective. CarbEV is superior to CycEV. A subset of CPC can be cured without irradiation. […] Treatment recommendations for CPT include multidisciplinary approaches, with maximal surgical resection for all CPT, followed by chemotherapy and radiotherapy for high-risk CPT. […] The use of chemotherapy in the treatment of choroid plexus tumors has increased since CPT-SIOP-2000 was designed. […] This study expands findings from our previous analysis of APP patients.

• #67

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11060-021-03942-0

  Standards for chemotherapy against choroid plexus tumors (CPT) have not yet been established. […] CPT-SIOP-2000 (NCT00500890) was an international registry for all CPT nesting a chemotherapy randomization for high-risk CPT with Carboplatin/Etoposide/Vincristine (CarbEV) versus Cyclophosphamide/Etoposide/Vincristine (CycEV). […] Chemotherapy for Choroid Plexus Carcinoma is feasible and effective. CarbEV is superior to CycEV. A subset of CPC can be cured without irradiation. […] Treatment recommendations for CPT include multidisciplinary approaches, with maximal surgical resection for all CPT, followed by chemotherapy and radiotherapy for high-risk CPT. […] The prognosis of CPC remains dismal when tumor resection is the only treatment modality, and the role, sequence, and intensity of primary chemotherapy remain debatable.

• #68 Choroid plexus tumor (CPT) – Prinses Máxima Centrum – Zorg

  https://zorg.prinsesmaximacentrum.nl/en/diagnosis/choroid-plexus-tumor-cpt

  Children with choroid plexus carcinoma receive additional chemotherapy and radiotherapy treatment after surgery. […] Children under 3 years old with a carcinoma do not undergo radiotherapy due to the risk of damage to the healthy brain tissue. They receive long-term chemotherapy treatment to ensure that the tumor disappears or remains dormant until they are old enough to receive radiotherapy. […] Choroid plexus carcinoma does not respond very well to chemotherapy and radiotherapy in about 50% of the children, in which case the tumor cannot be brought under control. However, there are certainly children who recover from choroid plexus carcinoma.

• #69 Approaches to Minimise the Neurodevelopmental Impact of Choroid Plexus Carcinoma and Its Treatment

  https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/13/9/1855

  Particular consideration must be given to those with germline TP53 mutations (the Li-Fraumeni cancer predisposition syndrome) the incidence of which is high in CPC, estimated at 30–100%. […] If radiotherapy is unavoidable, it may be possible to reduce the fields of irradiation to focal fields rather than craniospinal irradiation (CSI) in localised disease. […] In the future, there may be other strategies that might be used, for instance, using agents that potentiate or act synergistically with irradiation and, thus, may allow the dose of irradiation to be reduced. […] Although individual potential cannot be accounted for, when treated with chemotherapy alone, intelligence, academic achievement, receptive language, and visual–motor integration have a tendency to fall within the normal range, measuring average to low-average scores, with social–emotional domains also better preserved.

• #70 Choroid Plexus Carcinoma: Symptoms, Treatment & Prognosis

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/choroid-plexus-carcinoma

  Choroid plexus carcinoma is a rare, aggressive brain cancer that most often affects infants and children. Treatments include surgery to remove the tumor and other treatments like chemotherapy and radiation to shrink any bits of tumor that couldnt be removed or to help prevent it from coming back. […] Neurosurgeons perform brain surgery to remove cancerous and noncancerous (benign) choroid plexus tumors. After surgery, a lab examines tissue samples from the tumor (biopsy) to check for cancer cells. […] If a biopsy indicates choroid plexus carcinoma, you or your child may also need: Chemotherapy. Radiation therapy. […] You or your child may benefit from promising new therapies under development (a clinical trial). These therapies include: Immunotherapy drugs that help your immune system find and destroy cancer cells. Targeted therapy drugs that target genetic changes that cause cancer.

• #71 Choroid Plexus Carcinoma: Symptoms, Treatment & Prognosis

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/choroid-plexus-carcinoma

  Choroid plexus carcinoma is a rare, aggressive brain cancer that most often affects infants and children. Treatments include surgery to remove the tumor and other treatments like chemotherapy and radiation to shrink any bits of tumor that couldnt be removed or to help prevent it from coming back. […] Neurosurgeons perform brain surgery to remove cancerous and noncancerous (benign) choroid plexus tumors. After surgery, a lab examines tissue samples from the tumor (biopsy) to check for cancer cells. […] If a biopsy indicates choroid plexus carcinoma, you or your child may also need: Chemotherapy. Radiation therapy. […] You or your child may benefit from promising new therapies under development (a clinical trial). These therapies include: Immunotherapy drugs that help your immune system find and destroy cancer cells. Targeted therapy drugs that target genetic changes that cause cancer.

• #72 What Is Choroid Plexus Carcinoma? – Klarity Health Library

  https://my.klarity.health/what-is-choroid-plexus-carcinoma/

  Scientists are creating drugs that specifically attack molecules involved in CPC’s growth. They’re also exploring existing drugs used for other cancers to see if they can be effective against CPC. […] Some medications help the body’s immune system fight cancer. Researchers are designing new immunotherapy drugs for CPC and testing existing ones used for different cancers. […] Biomarkers are molecules that help diagnose cancer, predict how well a patient responds to treatment, and track treatment progress. Scientists are working on new biomarkers for CPC and testing ones used for other cancers. […] Finding CPC early is crucial for better treatment outcomes. Scientists are developing new methods like blood tests and imaging to diagnose CPC at an earlier stage. […] Additionally, researchers are conducting clinical trials to test new CPC treatments. Clinical trials are essential for developing more effective ways to treat cancer. A recent study shows that a chemotherapy clinical trial for the final phase of a drug is an effective a feasible form of treatment.

• #73 Choroid Plexus Carcinoma: Symptoms, Treatment & Prognosis

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/choroid-plexus-carcinoma

  Choroid plexus carcinoma is a rare, aggressive brain cancer that most often affects infants and children. Treatments include surgery to remove the tumor and other treatments like chemotherapy and radiation to shrink any bits of tumor that couldnt be removed or to help prevent it from coming back. […] Neurosurgeons perform brain surgery to remove cancerous and noncancerous (benign) choroid plexus tumors. After surgery, a lab examines tissue samples from the tumor (biopsy) to check for cancer cells. […] If a biopsy indicates choroid plexus carcinoma, you or your child may also need: Chemotherapy. Radiation therapy. […] You or your child may benefit from promising new therapies under development (a clinical trial). These therapies include: Immunotherapy drugs that help your immune system find and destroy cancer cells. Targeted therapy drugs that target genetic changes that cause cancer.

• #74 What Is Choroid Plexus Carcinoma? – Klarity Health Library

  https://my.klarity.health/what-is-choroid-plexus-carcinoma/

  Scientists are creating drugs that specifically attack molecules involved in CPC’s growth. They’re also exploring existing drugs used for other cancers to see if they can be effective against CPC. […] Some medications help the body’s immune system fight cancer. Researchers are designing new immunotherapy drugs for CPC and testing existing ones used for different cancers. […] Biomarkers are molecules that help diagnose cancer, predict how well a patient responds to treatment, and track treatment progress. Scientists are working on new biomarkers for CPC and testing ones used for other cancers. […] Finding CPC early is crucial for better treatment outcomes. Scientists are developing new methods like blood tests and imaging to diagnose CPC at an earlier stage. […] Additionally, researchers are conducting clinical trials to test new CPC treatments. Clinical trials are essential for developing more effective ways to treat cancer. A recent study shows that a chemotherapy clinical trial for the final phase of a drug is an effective a feasible form of treatment.

• #75 Cancer-promoting genes found in choroid plexus carcinoma

  https://www.drugtargetreview.com/news/4259/first-cancer-promoting-oncogenes-discovered-in-choroid-plexus-carcinoma/

  Researchers have identified three genes that play a pivotal role in choroid plexus carcinoma, a discovery that could lead to more effective treatment. […] Investigators also found evidence that investigational drugs called ATR inhibitors that are already in development for cancer treatment may be effective against choroid plexus carcinoma. The drugs work by blocking certain DNA repair enzymes, increasing the susceptibility of tumour cells to chemotherapy or radiation. Planning has begun for a possible international clinical trial featuring an ATR inhibitor. […] For choroid plexus carcinoma patients, the results provide much needed direction for designing tumour-specific therapy. These oncogenes may function like a mechanic who is always on the spot to keep a junk car running. Just like the car will break down if you get rid of the mechanic, preclinical trials are underway using different drug combinations to block the hyperactive DNA repair mechanism so the tumours eventually succumb to the accumulated DNA damage.

• #76 Cancer-promoting genes found in choroid plexus carcinoma

  https://www.drugtargetreview.com/news/4259/first-cancer-promoting-oncogenes-discovered-in-choroid-plexus-carcinoma/

  Researchers have identified three genes that play a pivotal role in choroid plexus carcinoma, a discovery that could lead to more effective treatment. […] Investigators also found evidence that investigational drugs called ATR inhibitors that are already in development for cancer treatment may be effective against choroid plexus carcinoma. The drugs work by blocking certain DNA repair enzymes, increasing the susceptibility of tumour cells to chemotherapy or radiation. Planning has begun for a possible international clinical trial featuring an ATR inhibitor. […] For choroid plexus carcinoma patients, the results provide much needed direction for designing tumour-specific therapy. These oncogenes may function like a mechanic who is always on the spot to keep a junk car running. Just like the car will break down if you get rid of the mechanic, preclinical trials are underway using different drug combinations to block the hyperactive DNA repair mechanism so the tumours eventually succumb to the accumulated DNA damage.

• #77 Choroid plexus carcinoma – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/choroid-plexus-carcinoma/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20578787

  Clinical trials are studies of new treatments. These studies provide a chance to try the latest treatments. The risk of side effects might not be known. Each trial has strict requirements that each person must meet in order to be in the trial. Ask your healthcare professional if you might be able to be in a clinical trial.

• #78 Choroid plexus carcinoma | UM Health-Sparrow

  https://www.uofmhealthsparrow.org/departments-conditions/conditions/choroid-plexus-carcinoma

  Clinical trials are studies of new treatments. These studies provide a chance to try the latest treatments. The risk of side effects might not be known. Each trial has strict requirements that each person must meet in order to be in the trial. Ask your healthcare professional if you might be able to be in a clinical trial.

• #79 What Is Choroid Plexus Carcinoma? – Klarity Health Library

  https://my.klarity.health/what-is-choroid-plexus-carcinoma/

  Scientists are creating drugs that specifically attack molecules involved in CPC’s growth. They’re also exploring existing drugs used for other cancers to see if they can be effective against CPC. […] Some medications help the body’s immune system fight cancer. Researchers are designing new immunotherapy drugs for CPC and testing existing ones used for different cancers. […] Biomarkers are molecules that help diagnose cancer, predict how well a patient responds to treatment, and track treatment progress. Scientists are working on new biomarkers for CPC and testing ones used for other cancers. […] Finding CPC early is crucial for better treatment outcomes. Scientists are developing new methods like blood tests and imaging to diagnose CPC at an earlier stage. […] Additionally, researchers are conducting clinical trials to test new CPC treatments. Clinical trials are essential for developing more effective ways to treat cancer. A recent study shows that a chemotherapy clinical trial for the final phase of a drug is an effective a feasible form of treatment.

• #80 First Patient Treated in Choroid Plexus Clinical Trial | Neurological Surgery

  https://neurosurgery.weillcornell.org/in-the-news/first-patient-treated-choroid-plexus-clinical-trial

  A new clinical trial is now underway at Weill Cornell Medicine, testing intra-arterial chemotherapy for choroid plexus carcinoma. The first patient in the world to undergo this advanced procedure was safely treated by Dr. Mark Souweidane, Dr. Jared Knopman, and Dr. Y. Pierre Gobin in May 2023. […] In this trial (Intra-Arterial Chemotherapy for Newly Diagnosed, Residual, or Recurrent Atypical Choroid Plexus Papilloma and Choroid Plexus Carcinoma Prior to Second-Look Surgery), patients receive single doses of the drugs melphalan, carboplatin, and topotecan delivered through one or more arteries in the brain, directly to the site of the tumor. This combination of drugs has already been used successfully to treat retinoblastoma, a devastating tumor that once required the removal of the affected eye. It is hoped that this same combination will be a safe and feasible treatment for patients with newly diagnosed, residual, or recurrent atypical choroid plexus papilloma and choroid plexus carcinoma.

• #81 First Patient Treated in Choroid Plexus Clinical Trial | Neurological Surgery

  https://neurosurgery.weillcornell.org/in-the-news/first-patient-treated-choroid-plexus-clinical-trial

  The primary outcome goal for this Phase I study is establishing the safety of the procedure, and patients will be monitored for a year for any adverse effects. Patients will also be monitored for hoped-for decrease in tumor size and vascularity (since reducing blood flow to a tumor starves it of nutrients and helps prevent growth). Treatment is followed by second-look surgery to resect any remaining tumor. […] Intra-arterial chemotherapy (IAC) is an advanced procedure administered by interventional neurosurgeons or neuroradiologists, who specialize in image-guided treatments for brain and spine conditions. By administering chemotherapy drugs directly to a tumor, IAC delivers high concentrations of cancer-fighting therapy without the toxicity of body-wide intravenous drug delivery. […] This is a very promising trial, and I have a sense of guarded optimism about its potential, says Dr. Souweidane, the principal investigator on the clinical trial. Choroid plexus carcinoma has excellent survival rates in patients who undergo complete tumor resection, but it is significantly less in those who only have partial resections. If we can reduce tumor volume and vascularity before surgery, we may be able to achieve total resection in more patients. […] With this new trial, he now offers new hope to children and families facing the diagnosis of choroid plexus tumors.

• #82 Choroid Plexus Tumors in Children and Teens – Together by St. Jude™

  https://together.stjude.org/en-us/conditions/cancers/choroid-plexus-tumor.html

  Radiation therapy is sometimes used in addition to other treatments. The type of radiation therapy used depends on the location of the tumor and if it has spread. […] Radiation therapy uses beams of radiation, X-rays or protons, to shrink tumors and kill cancer cells. Radiation works by damaging the DNA inside cancer cells. […] Children with relapsed CPC who haven’t fully responded to chemotherapy and radiation may be offered treatment within a clinical trial. […] Supportive care for patients with choroid plexus tumors includes rehabilitation and neurological care.

• #83 Choroid Plexus Tumor Treatment | St. Jude Care & Treatment

  https://www.stjude.org/care-treatment/treatment/childhood-cancer/brain-tumors/choroid-plexus-tumor.html

  Surgery is the most common form of treatment. The goal of surgery is to remove as much of the tumor as possible. Some children may also need chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or both to get rid of cancer cells that remain after surgery. […] Our brain tumor clinical trials have led to the clinical use of better therapies in children. These improvements include lower-dose therapies, targeted therapy, and proton therapy. These treatments kill cancer cells while sparing healthy cells, and may lessen the severity of side effects that affect brain function after treatment for some types of brain tumors. […] St. Jude offers a dedicated team of specialists to meet the needs of children with brain tumors, including surgeons, doctors, and nurses who treat this cancer, doctors who specialize in radiation therapy and pathology, experts in radiology and nuclear medicine, genetic counselors, clinical dietitians, child life specialists, psychologists, researchers, and scientists.

• #84 Choroid Plexus Tumor Treatment | St. Jude Care & Treatment

  https://www.stjude.org/care-treatment/treatment/childhood-cancer/brain-tumors/choroid-plexus-tumor.html

  Surgery is the most common form of treatment. The goal of surgery is to remove as much of the tumor as possible. Some children may also need chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or both to get rid of cancer cells that remain after surgery. […] Our brain tumor clinical trials have led to the clinical use of better therapies in children. These improvements include lower-dose therapies, targeted therapy, and proton therapy. These treatments kill cancer cells while sparing healthy cells, and may lessen the severity of side effects that affect brain function after treatment for some types of brain tumors. […] St. Jude offers a dedicated team of specialists to meet the needs of children with brain tumors, including surgeons, doctors, and nurses who treat this cancer, doctors who specialize in radiation therapy and pathology, experts in radiology and nuclear medicine, genetic counselors, clinical dietitians, child life specialists, psychologists, researchers, and scientists.

• #85 Choroid Plexus Tumor Treatment | St. Jude Care & Treatment

  https://www.stjude.org/care-treatment/treatment/childhood-cancer/brain-tumors/choroid-plexus-tumor.html

  Surgery is the most common form of treatment. The goal of surgery is to remove as much of the tumor as possible. Some children may also need chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or both to get rid of cancer cells that remain after surgery. […] Our brain tumor clinical trials have led to the clinical use of better therapies in children. These improvements include lower-dose therapies, targeted therapy, and proton therapy. These treatments kill cancer cells while sparing healthy cells, and may lessen the severity of side effects that affect brain function after treatment for some types of brain tumors. […] St. Jude offers a dedicated team of specialists to meet the needs of children with brain tumors, including surgeons, doctors, and nurses who treat this cancer, doctors who specialize in radiation therapy and pathology, experts in radiology and nuclear medicine, genetic counselors, clinical dietitians, child life specialists, psychologists, researchers, and scientists.

• #86 Choroid Plexus Tumor Treatment | St. Jude Care & Treatment

  https://www.stjude.org/care-treatment/treatment/childhood-cancer/brain-tumors/choroid-plexus-tumor.html

  Surgery is the most common form of treatment. The goal of surgery is to remove as much of the tumor as possible. Some children may also need chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or both to get rid of cancer cells that remain after surgery. […] Our brain tumor clinical trials have led to the clinical use of better therapies in children. These improvements include lower-dose therapies, targeted therapy, and proton therapy. These treatments kill cancer cells while sparing healthy cells, and may lessen the severity of side effects that affect brain function after treatment for some types of brain tumors. […] St. Jude offers a dedicated team of specialists to meet the needs of children with brain tumors, including surgeons, doctors, and nurses who treat this cancer, doctors who specialize in radiation therapy and pathology, experts in radiology and nuclear medicine, genetic counselors, clinical dietitians, child life specialists, psychologists, researchers, and scientists.

• #87 Choroid Plexus Tumor Treatment | St. Jude Care & Treatment

  https://www.stjude.org/care-treatment/treatment/childhood-cancer/brain-tumors/choroid-plexus-tumor.html

  Surgery is the most common form of treatment. The goal of surgery is to remove as much of the tumor as possible. Some children may also need chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or both to get rid of cancer cells that remain after surgery. […] Our brain tumor clinical trials have led to the clinical use of better therapies in children. These improvements include lower-dose therapies, targeted therapy, and proton therapy. These treatments kill cancer cells while sparing healthy cells, and may lessen the severity of side effects that affect brain function after treatment for some types of brain tumors. […] St. Jude offers a dedicated team of specialists to meet the needs of children with brain tumors, including surgeons, doctors, and nurses who treat this cancer, doctors who specialize in radiation therapy and pathology, experts in radiology and nuclear medicine, genetic counselors, clinical dietitians, child life specialists, psychologists, researchers, and scientists.

• #88 Choroid Plexus Tumor Treatment | St. Jude Care & Treatment

  https://www.stjude.org/care-treatment/treatment/childhood-cancer/brain-tumors/choroid-plexus-tumor.html

  Surgery is the most common form of treatment. The goal of surgery is to remove as much of the tumor as possible. Some children may also need chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or both to get rid of cancer cells that remain after surgery. […] Our brain tumor clinical trials have led to the clinical use of better therapies in children. These improvements include lower-dose therapies, targeted therapy, and proton therapy. These treatments kill cancer cells while sparing healthy cells, and may lessen the severity of side effects that affect brain function after treatment for some types of brain tumors. […] St. Jude offers a dedicated team of specialists to meet the needs of children with brain tumors, including surgeons, doctors, and nurses who treat this cancer, doctors who specialize in radiation therapy and pathology, experts in radiology and nuclear medicine, genetic counselors, clinical dietitians, child life specialists, psychologists, researchers, and scientists.

• #89 Choroid Plexus Tumor Treatment | St. Jude Care & Treatment

  https://www.stjude.org/care-treatment/treatment/childhood-cancer/brain-tumors/choroid-plexus-tumor.html

  Surgery is the most common form of treatment. The goal of surgery is to remove as much of the tumor as possible. Some children may also need chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or both to get rid of cancer cells that remain after surgery. […] Our brain tumor clinical trials have led to the clinical use of better therapies in children. These improvements include lower-dose therapies, targeted therapy, and proton therapy. These treatments kill cancer cells while sparing healthy cells, and may lessen the severity of side effects that affect brain function after treatment for some types of brain tumors. […] St. Jude offers a dedicated team of specialists to meet the needs of children with brain tumors, including surgeons, doctors, and nurses who treat this cancer, doctors who specialize in radiation therapy and pathology, experts in radiology and nuclear medicine, genetic counselors, clinical dietitians, child life specialists, psychologists, researchers, and scientists.

• #90 Choroid Plexus Tumor Treatment | St. Jude Care & Treatment

  https://www.stjude.org/care-treatment/treatment/childhood-cancer/brain-tumors/choroid-plexus-tumor.html

  Surgery is the most common form of treatment. The goal of surgery is to remove as much of the tumor as possible. Some children may also need chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or both to get rid of cancer cells that remain after surgery. […] Our brain tumor clinical trials have led to the clinical use of better therapies in children. These improvements include lower-dose therapies, targeted therapy, and proton therapy. These treatments kill cancer cells while sparing healthy cells, and may lessen the severity of side effects that affect brain function after treatment for some types of brain tumors. […] St. Jude offers a dedicated team of specialists to meet the needs of children with brain tumors, including surgeons, doctors, and nurses who treat this cancer, doctors who specialize in radiation therapy and pathology, experts in radiology and nuclear medicine, genetic counselors, clinical dietitians, child life specialists, psychologists, researchers, and scientists.

• #91 Choroid Plexus Tumor Treatment | St. Jude Care & Treatment

  https://www.stjude.org/care-treatment/treatment/childhood-cancer/brain-tumors/choroid-plexus-tumor.html

  Surgery is the most common form of treatment. The goal of surgery is to remove as much of the tumor as possible. Some children may also need chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or both to get rid of cancer cells that remain after surgery. […] Our brain tumor clinical trials have led to the clinical use of better therapies in children. These improvements include lower-dose therapies, targeted therapy, and proton therapy. These treatments kill cancer cells while sparing healthy cells, and may lessen the severity of side effects that affect brain function after treatment for some types of brain tumors. […] St. Jude offers a dedicated team of specialists to meet the needs of children with brain tumors, including surgeons, doctors, and nurses who treat this cancer, doctors who specialize in radiation therapy and pathology, experts in radiology and nuclear medicine, genetic counselors, clinical dietitians, child life specialists, psychologists, researchers, and scientists.

• #92 Choroid Plexus Tumor Treatment | St. Jude Care & Treatment

  https://www.stjude.org/care-treatment/treatment/childhood-cancer/brain-tumors/choroid-plexus-tumor.html

  Surgery is the most common form of treatment. The goal of surgery is to remove as much of the tumor as possible. Some children may also need chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or both to get rid of cancer cells that remain after surgery. […] Our brain tumor clinical trials have led to the clinical use of better therapies in children. These improvements include lower-dose therapies, targeted therapy, and proton therapy. These treatments kill cancer cells while sparing healthy cells, and may lessen the severity of side effects that affect brain function after treatment for some types of brain tumors. […] St. Jude offers a dedicated team of specialists to meet the needs of children with brain tumors, including surgeons, doctors, and nurses who treat this cancer, doctors who specialize in radiation therapy and pathology, experts in radiology and nuclear medicine, genetic counselors, clinical dietitians, child life specialists, psychologists, researchers, and scientists.

• #93 Choroid Plexus Tumor Treatment | St. Jude Care & Treatment

  https://www.stjude.org/care-treatment/treatment/childhood-cancer/brain-tumors/choroid-plexus-tumor.html

  Surgery is the most common form of treatment. The goal of surgery is to remove as much of the tumor as possible. Some children may also need chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or both to get rid of cancer cells that remain after surgery. […] Our brain tumor clinical trials have led to the clinical use of better therapies in children. These improvements include lower-dose therapies, targeted therapy, and proton therapy. These treatments kill cancer cells while sparing healthy cells, and may lessen the severity of side effects that affect brain function after treatment for some types of brain tumors. […] St. Jude offers a dedicated team of specialists to meet the needs of children with brain tumors, including surgeons, doctors, and nurses who treat this cancer, doctors who specialize in radiation therapy and pathology, experts in radiology and nuclear medicine, genetic counselors, clinical dietitians, child life specialists, psychologists, researchers, and scientists.

• #94

  https://www.aurorahealthcare.org/services/neuroscience/brain-skull-base-care/brain-tumor/choroid-plexus-tumor

  Your treatment will depend on the type of choroid plexus tumor you have as well as its size and location. Doctors often use surgery to remove papilloma (Grade I) and atypical papilloma (Grade II) tumors. […] Minimally invasive surgery for choroid plexus tumors, using a port, involves making a precise, individual plan before surgery that may include the use of brain mapping technology. This is a minimally invasive procedure to access the choroid plexus tumor through a dime-sized narrow channel, or port. […] Well work with you to develop a plan for your choroid plexus tumor treatment that ensures you the best possible outcome. Surgery might be the only choroid plexus tumor treatment youll need. Or your doctors might recommend a combination approach to treat your choroid plexus tumor including:

• #95 Choroid plexus tumor: Symptoms, treatment, and outlook

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/choroid-plexus-tumor

  Treatment for choroid plexus tumors depends on the type, grade, and location of the tumor. The options may include: […] When possible, the main treatment for choroid plexus tumors is surgical removal. Surgery aims to remove as much of the tumor as possible without causing further symptoms. […] This involves using radiation to kill cancer cells. Doctors may use it after surgery to remove cells that surgery did not. […] These potent drugs target cancerous cells and prevent recurrence. Similarly to radiation, doctors can also use it after surgery. […] People may also be able to take part in clinical trials for other types of treatment, such as targeted therapies or immunotherapy. […] Treatment typically includes surgical removal, radiation therapy, or chemotherapy, depending on whether the tumor is malignant. […] Early intervention and a comprehensive, multidisciplinary approach are crucial for managing symptoms and improving outcomes.

• #96 Choroid Plexus Tumors in Children and Teens – Together by St. Jude™

  https://together.stjude.org/en-us/conditions/cancers/choroid-plexus-tumor.html

  Radiation therapy is sometimes used in addition to other treatments. The type of radiation therapy used depends on the location of the tumor and if it has spread. […] Radiation therapy uses beams of radiation, X-rays or protons, to shrink tumors and kill cancer cells. Radiation works by damaging the DNA inside cancer cells. […] Children with relapsed CPC who haven’t fully responded to chemotherapy and radiation may be offered treatment within a clinical trial. […] Supportive care for patients with choroid plexus tumors includes rehabilitation and neurological care.

• #97 Approaches to Minimise the Neurodevelopmental Impact of Choroid Plexus Carcinoma and Its Treatment

  https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/13/9/1855

  Rehabilitation following treatment, after the brain insult, can also have a dramatic effect on cognition and particularly functional outcomes. […] Cognitive remediation, the systematic retraining of the brain following acquired injury to improve cognitive function, is an established practice in many neurological conditions and in children having sustained traumatic brain injury.

• #98 Approaches to Minimise the Neurodevelopmental Impact of Choroid Plexus Carcinoma and Its Treatment

  https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/13/9/1855

  Rehabilitation following treatment, after the brain insult, can also have a dramatic effect on cognition and particularly functional outcomes. […] Cognitive remediation, the systematic retraining of the brain following acquired injury to improve cognitive function, is an established practice in many neurological conditions and in children having sustained traumatic brain injury.

• #99 What Is Choroid Plexus Carcinoma? – Klarity Health Library

  https://my.klarity.health/what-is-choroid-plexus-carcinoma/

  Radiation therapy employs high-energy beams to kill cancer cells or slow their growth. Typically administered after surgery, it eliminates any remaining cancer cells and reduces the risk of recurrence. […] Some individuals may participate in clinical trials, providing access to cutting-edge treatments and therapies in the experimental phase. These trials contribute to ongoing research and offer hope for patients. […] Supportive care is essential in managing symptoms, reducing side effects, and enhancing the patient’s overall quality of life. It may include pain and nausea medications, physical therapy, and emotional support for patients and their families. […] Current research on choroid plexus carcinoma (CPC) is focused on developing new and more effective treatments for this rare and aggressive cancer. Researchers are also working to better understand the causes and risk factors for CPC, and to develop new methods for early diagnosis.

• #100 What Is Choroid Plexus Carcinoma? – Klarity Health Library

  https://my.klarity.health/what-is-choroid-plexus-carcinoma/

  Radiation therapy employs high-energy beams to kill cancer cells or slow their growth. Typically administered after surgery, it eliminates any remaining cancer cells and reduces the risk of recurrence. […] Some individuals may participate in clinical trials, providing access to cutting-edge treatments and therapies in the experimental phase. These trials contribute to ongoing research and offer hope for patients. […] Supportive care is essential in managing symptoms, reducing side effects, and enhancing the patient’s overall quality of life. It may include pain and nausea medications, physical therapy, and emotional support for patients and their families. […] Current research on choroid plexus carcinoma (CPC) is focused on developing new and more effective treatments for this rare and aggressive cancer. Researchers are also working to better understand the causes and risk factors for CPC, and to develop new methods for early diagnosis.

• #101 Tumors of the Choroid Plexus in New Jersey | Centers for Neurosurgery, Spine & Orthopedics

  https://www.cnsomd.com/surgery-conditions/brain-tumors/choroid-pluxus-tumor/

  Choroid plexus carcinoma is malignant, or cancerous. […] Removal of the choroid plexus tumor is usually recommended. The surgery team will remove as much of the brain tumor as possible, given its specific location, so that it can be typed and graded. […] For those tumors categorized as Grade II, there is a better chance that the tumor will re-grow, in which case chemotherapy or radiation may be recommended. […] If the choroid plexus tumor is categorized as malignant, or Grade III, the medical team will develop a plan for ongoing follow-up and treatments, which may include: Additional surgery, Radiation or chemotherapy, Regular imaging to monitor tumor growth, Other care options. […] Plans for continued treatment take into consideration the type and characteristics of the tumor, the patient’s age, and physical condition, as well as medical history.

• #102 Tumors of the Choroid Plexus in New Jersey | Centers for Neurosurgery, Spine & Orthopedics

  https://www.cnsomd.com/surgery-conditions/brain-tumors/choroid-pluxus-tumor/

  Choroid plexus carcinoma is malignant, or cancerous. […] Removal of the choroid plexus tumor is usually recommended. The surgery team will remove as much of the brain tumor as possible, given its specific location, so that it can be typed and graded. […] For those tumors categorized as Grade II, there is a better chance that the tumor will re-grow, in which case chemotherapy or radiation may be recommended. […] If the choroid plexus tumor is categorized as malignant, or Grade III, the medical team will develop a plan for ongoing follow-up and treatments, which may include: Additional surgery, Radiation or chemotherapy, Regular imaging to monitor tumor growth, Other care options. […] Plans for continued treatment take into consideration the type and characteristics of the tumor, the patient’s age, and physical condition, as well as medical history.

• #103 Recurrent choroid plexus carcinoma treated with CyberKnife radiosurgery: illustrative case in: Journal of Neurosurgery: Case Lessons Volume 8 Issue 2 (2024) Journals

  https://thejns.org/caselessons/view/journals/j-neurosurg-case-lessons/8/2/article-CASE23748.xml

  Achieving gross-total resection (GTR) plays a favorable role in the control of disease, with a significant increase in overall survival (OS) compared to that with subtotal resection; adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy can also help to achieve a better outcome, although given the rarity of CPC diagnosis, standardized plans have not been established yet. […] Notably, there have been limited series or case reports documenting the treatment of CPCs with stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). […] Surgical removal with GTR continues to be the cornerstone of treatment, demonstrating statistically superior OS and PFS in comparison to those with subtotal resection, with respective median durations of 131 versus 25 months and 60 versus 11 months. […] Local and distant recurrences are frequent events and have also been documented to occur as late as 17 years after the initial surgery, which forms the rationale behind employing adjuvant therapy, in the form of conventional radiotherapy and chemotherapy, which has exhibited the capacity to enhance OS.

• #104 What Is Choroid Plexus Carcinoma? – Klarity Health Library

  https://my.klarity.health/what-is-choroid-plexus-carcinoma/

  In summary, choroid plexus carcinoma is a complex condition that necessitates a multi-disciplinary approach to diagnosis, treatment, and long-term care. While its rarity presents challenges, ongoing research and medical advancements continue to improve the outlook for affected individuals and their families.

• #105 Choroid plexus tumours | Canadian Cancer Society

  https://cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/brain-and-spinal-cord-childhood/treatment/choroid-plexus-tumours

  Choroid plexus tumours are a rare type of childhood brain tumour. They start in the choroid plexus, which is a small organ in the ventricles of the brain that makes cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). […] The following are treatment options for choroid plexus tumours. The healthcare team will suggest treatments based on your child’s needs and work with you to develop a treatment plan. […] Newly diagnosed choroid plexus tumours may be treated with surgery, radiation therapy or chemotherapy. […] Recurrent choroid plexus tumours may be treated with surgery. Radiation therapy, chemotherapy or both may be used after surgery, depending on what was previously used to treat the tumour. […] Surgery is the main treatment for choroid plexus tumours that can be easily reached. The goal is to remove as much of the tumour as possible. If the doctor can remove all of the tumour, no further treatment may be needed. If the tumour cant be completely removed, other treatments can be used, such as radiation therapy or chemotherapy. Surgery may also be used to relieve a buildup of CSF.

• #106 First Patient Treated in Choroid Plexus Clinical Trial | Neurological Surgery

  https://neurosurgery.weillcornell.org/in-the-news/first-patient-treated-choroid-plexus-clinical-trial

  A new clinical trial is now underway at Weill Cornell Medicine, testing intra-arterial chemotherapy for choroid plexus carcinoma. The first patient in the world to undergo this advanced procedure was safely treated by Dr. Mark Souweidane, Dr. Jared Knopman, and Dr. Y. Pierre Gobin in May 2023. […] In this trial (Intra-Arterial Chemotherapy for Newly Diagnosed, Residual, or Recurrent Atypical Choroid Plexus Papilloma and Choroid Plexus Carcinoma Prior to Second-Look Surgery), patients receive single doses of the drugs melphalan, carboplatin, and topotecan delivered through one or more arteries in the brain, directly to the site of the tumor. This combination of drugs has already been used successfully to treat retinoblastoma, a devastating tumor that once required the removal of the affected eye. It is hoped that this same combination will be a safe and feasible treatment for patients with newly diagnosed, residual, or recurrent atypical choroid plexus papilloma and choroid plexus carcinoma.

• #107 First Patient Treated in Choroid Plexus Clinical Trial | Neurological Surgery

  https://neurosurgery.weillcornell.org/in-the-news/first-patient-treated-choroid-plexus-clinical-trial

  The primary outcome goal for this Phase I study is establishing the safety of the procedure, and patients will be monitored for a year for any adverse effects. Patients will also be monitored for hoped-for decrease in tumor size and vascularity (since reducing blood flow to a tumor starves it of nutrients and helps prevent growth). Treatment is followed by second-look surgery to resect any remaining tumor. […] Intra-arterial chemotherapy (IAC) is an advanced procedure administered by interventional neurosurgeons or neuroradiologists, who specialize in image-guided treatments for brain and spine conditions. By administering chemotherapy drugs directly to a tumor, IAC delivers high concentrations of cancer-fighting therapy without the toxicity of body-wide intravenous drug delivery. […] This is a very promising trial, and I have a sense of guarded optimism about its potential, says Dr. Souweidane, the principal investigator on the clinical trial. Choroid plexus carcinoma has excellent survival rates in patients who undergo complete tumor resection, but it is significantly less in those who only have partial resections. If we can reduce tumor volume and vascularity before surgery, we may be able to achieve total resection in more patients. […] With this new trial, he now offers new hope to children and families facing the diagnosis of choroid plexus tumors.

• #108 Approaches to Minimise the Neurodevelopmental Impact of Choroid Plexus Carcinoma and Its Treatment

  https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/13/9/1855

  This review aims to highlight multiple approaches physicians can use when treating young children with CPC, to focus on neurocognitive outcomes as a measure of success. […] Treatment includes maximal safe surgery, multiagent chemotherapy, and either high-dose marrow-ablative chemotherapy with hematopoietic stem cell rescue (HDC) or radiation therapy. […] Chemotherapy improves survival, and chemotherapy responses are well documented with cyclophosphamide, etoposide, carboplatin, and vincristine of most value. […] More recently, intravenously administered high-dose methotrexate-containing regimens have been added. […] Recently, treatment strategies are aiming to better stratify patients and identify lower risk patients in whom treatment can be de-escalated, potentially limiting the neurocognitive damage.

• #109 What Is Choroid Plexus Carcinoma? – Klarity Health Library

  https://my.klarity.health/what-is-choroid-plexus-carcinoma/

  In summary, choroid plexus carcinoma is a complex condition that necessitates a multi-disciplinary approach to diagnosis, treatment, and long-term care. While its rarity presents challenges, ongoing research and medical advancements continue to improve the outlook for affected individuals and their families.

• #110 Final results of the Choroid Plexus Tumor study CPT-SIOP-2000

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8860833/

  In contrast to common belief, this prospective study did not confirm the impact of complete resection in CPC. […] The efficacy of irradiation has been suggested in retrospective analyses. […] Establishing a treatment algorithm as guidance was a major objective of the CPT-SIOP-2000 study, and the algorithm developed was widely followed in the international pediatric neuro-oncology community. […] CPT-SIOP-2000 demonstrates the feasibility of an international randomized clinical trial. CarbEV is effective and tolerable when nested in a multidisciplinary guideline framework.

• #111 What Is Choroid Plexus Carcinoma? – Klarity Health Library

  https://my.klarity.health/what-is-choroid-plexus-carcinoma/

  Scientists are creating drugs that specifically attack molecules involved in CPC’s growth. They’re also exploring existing drugs used for other cancers to see if they can be effective against CPC. […] Some medications help the body’s immune system fight cancer. Researchers are designing new immunotherapy drugs for CPC and testing existing ones used for different cancers. […] Biomarkers are molecules that help diagnose cancer, predict how well a patient responds to treatment, and track treatment progress. Scientists are working on new biomarkers for CPC and testing ones used for other cancers. […] Finding CPC early is crucial for better treatment outcomes. Scientists are developing new methods like blood tests and imaging to diagnose CPC at an earlier stage. […] Additionally, researchers are conducting clinical trials to test new CPC treatments. Clinical trials are essential for developing more effective ways to treat cancer. A recent study shows that a chemotherapy clinical trial for the final phase of a drug is an effective a feasible form of treatment.

Zobacz więcej