Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Mitral Valve Disease: Types, Symptoms and Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/23235-mitral-valve-disease

  Mitral valve disease is a group of conditions that affect your mitral valve. This is the door from your left atrium to your left ventricle. Forms of the disease include stenosis, prolapse and regurgitation. You may have no symptoms, but some people have serious ones that affect quality of life. Severe cases need treatment to prevent complications. […] The symptoms of mitral valve disease depend on the form you have. In some cases, symptoms also depend on the severity of the disease. […] You may have no symptoms at all. If you do have symptoms, they can include: Chest pain. Cough. Coughing up blood. Dizziness or fainting. Fatigue. Heart palpitations. These can feel like bursts of rapid heartbeat or an awareness of your heartbeat. Migraines. Mitral facies. This is a plum-colored flush in your cheeks. Orthostatic hypotension. This is blood pressure that gets too low when you stand up. Shortness of breath. Swelling in your legs, ankles or feet.

• #2 Mitral Valve Disease | Norton Healthcare

  https://nortonhealthcare.com/services-and-conditions/heart-and-vascular-care/programs/cardiology/mitral-valve-disease/

  Mitral valve disease affects the way blood flows from the left atrium of your heart to the left ventricle, which squeezes hard enough to push oxygen-laden blood throughout your body. […] Mitral valve disease can cause the valve to leak or narrow. Sometimes mitral valve disease has no symptoms, but often causes serious issues. […] If the leakage or narrowing of the mitral valve is severe and the appropriate amount of blood fails to move through the heart, patients can feel very tired and short of breath. The heart’s extra effort to pump sufficient blood out to the body can enlarge and weaken the heart muscle. The result can be heart failure. […] Often, mitral valve disease symptoms can be managed with medication or lifestyle changes, but sometimes treatment of the condition itself requires minimally invasive mitral valve repair or replacement. Some patients may need open heart surgery.

• #3 Mitral valve disease – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/mitral-valve-disease/symptoms-causes/syc-20355107

  Some people with mitral valve disease might not have symptoms for many years, if at all. […] Symptoms of mitral valve disease can include: Fatigue. Irregular heartbeat. Shortness of breath. […] Treatment for mitral valve disease depends on the severity of the condition and whether it is worsening. Sometimes, surgery is recommended to repair or replace the mitral valve. […] Mitral valve disease can cause many complications. Severe mitral valve regurgitation, for example, causes the heart to work harder, which can cause the left ventricle to enlarge and the heart muscle to weaken.

• #4 Mitral Valve Regurgitation: Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/24983-mitral-valve-regurgitation

  Mild mitral regurgitation may not cause any symptoms. But as the leaky valve gets worse and affects your heart function, a common symptom is shortness of breath (dyspnea). You may feel like you cant get enough air into your lungs, or you have to work harder to breathe when youre resting, lying down, trying to sleep or are physically active. […] Symptoms of mitral valve regurgitation may develop gradually or suddenly. […] Mitral valve regurgitation progresses slowly in some people and more quickly in others. Your healthcare provider can tell you more about the progression of your condition and how often they need to monitor you. They can also tell you how the condition may impact your life expectancy.

• #5 Heart valve disease

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/heart-valve-disease/

  Symptoms of heart valve disease can include: shortness of breath, feeling tired or weak, feeling dizzy, heart palpitations, where you suddenly feel your heart beating irregularly or faster than usual, swollen ankles and feet, chest pain or discomfort. […] Some people do not have any symptoms. Sometimes it’s found by chance if a doctor hears an unusual sound (a heart murmur) when they listen to your chest. […] If you have symptoms of heart valve disease a GP will listen to your heart. […] If you have symptoms or have severe heart valve disease, you may need medicines to: lower your blood pressure and help protect your heart (ACE inhibitors), reduce build-up of fluid in your body and lungs (diuretics), slow down your heart rate (such as beta blockers), reduce the risk of blood clots (anticoagulants).

• #6 Diagnosing Mitral Valve Disease | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/mitral-valve-disease/diagnosis

  Chronic mitral valve regurgitation typically progresses slowly. You may have no symptoms for years or decades. Some people receive a diagnosis after a physical exam reveals a heart murmur, in which sounds are heard that may indicate irregular blood flow through the heart. […] Symptoms of mitral valve regurgitation include cough, fatigue, heart palpitations, shortness of breath, irregular heartbeat, and swollen ankles or feet. If the regurgitation is severe, it can lead to fluid buildup in the lungs and heart failure. These symptoms require immediate medical attention. […] The other main type of mitral valve disease, mitral valve stenosis, may not cause any symptoms for decades. However, it can lead to chest pain, shortness of breath, an irregular heartbeat, and fluid buildup in the lungs. Exercise or activity may worsen symptoms. This condition is almost always caused by rheumatic fever during childhood. Other causes include calcification, in which calcium deposits form in the mitral valve as a person ages.

• #7 Mitral Valve Disease: Types, Symptoms and Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/23235-mitral-valve-disease

  Mitral valve disease is a group of conditions that affect your mitral valve. This is the door from your left atrium to your left ventricle. Forms of the disease include stenosis, prolapse and regurgitation. You may have no symptoms, but some people have serious ones that affect quality of life. Severe cases need treatment to prevent complications. […] The symptoms of mitral valve disease depend on the form you have. In some cases, symptoms also depend on the severity of the disease. […] You may have no symptoms at all. If you do have symptoms, they can include: Chest pain. Cough. Coughing up blood. Dizziness or fainting. Fatigue. Heart palpitations. These can feel like bursts of rapid heartbeat or an awareness of your heartbeat. Migraines. Mitral facies. This is a plum-colored flush in your cheeks. Orthostatic hypotension. This is blood pressure that gets too low when you stand up. Shortness of breath. Swelling in your legs, ankles or feet.

• #8 About Heart Valve Disease | Heart Disease | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/heart-disease/about/heart-valve-disease.html

  Heart valve disease can develop quickly or over a long period. When heart valve disease develops more slowly, there may be no symptoms until the condition is quite advanced. When it develops more suddenly, people may experience the following symptoms: […] Symptoms of heart valve disease may be subtle and develop slowly over time. […] Diseased valves can become prolapsed where they don’t completely close; this is called regurgitation. If this happens, blood leaks back into the chamber and not enough blood can be pushed forward through the heart. […] The other common type of heart valve condition happens when the opening of the valve is narrowed and stiff and the valve is not able to open fully when blood is trying to pass through; this is called stenosis. […] If the heart valves are diseased, the heart can’t effectively pump blood throughout the body and has to work harder to pump, either while the blood is leaking back into the chamber or against a narrowed opening. This can lead to heart failure, sudden cardiac arrest (when the heart stops beating), and death.

• #9 Beyond the Heartbeat: Mitral Valve Disease | Singapore Heart Foundation

  https://www.myheart.org.sg/health/heart-conditions/mitral-valve-disease/

  Mitral valve disease occurs when the mitral valve does not function properly. […] Signs and symptoms of mitral valve disease include fatigue, decrease in effort tolerance, heart murmur, palpitation, irregular heartbeat, and shortness of breath even at rest. […] If left untreated, mitral valve disease can lead to serious, life-threatening complications such as heart failure, irregular and often rapid heart rate, blood clots and stroke. […] Mitral valve disease treatment depends on the symptoms, the severity of the condition, and the progress of the disease. […] A diseased or damaged mitral valve eventually will need to be repaired or replaced, even if no symptoms are present.

• #10 Mitral Valve Disease Symptoms, Causes, Types (Orange County)

  https://www.hoag.org/specialties-services/heart-vascular/specialty-programs/heart-valve-program/conditions/mitral-valve-disease/

  Mitral valve disease encompasses a spectrum of conditions that can affect the ability of the mitral valve to function properly. […] If not promptly treated, mitral valve disease can sometimes lead to serious complications and symptoms including heart failure, cardiac arrest and death. […] The symptoms of mitral valve disease depend on several factors, including the patients overall health, the type of mitral valve issue being experienced and other issues. […] Some patients may experience no symptoms at all, especially in milder cases. In other cases, symptoms may be worsened by related conditions such as atrial fibrillation or heart failure. […] Including severe and common symptoms, mitral valve regurgitation or mitral valve stenosis may cause: […] Chest pain that can range from mild to severe

• #11 Mitral valve disease – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/mitral-valve-disease/symptoms-causes/syc-20355107

  Some people with mitral valve disease might not have symptoms for many years, if at all. […] Symptoms of mitral valve disease can include: Fatigue. Irregular heartbeat. Shortness of breath. […] Treatment for mitral valve disease depends on the severity of the condition and whether it is worsening. Sometimes, surgery is recommended to repair or replace the mitral valve. […] Mitral valve disease can cause many complications. Severe mitral valve regurgitation, for example, causes the heart to work harder, which can cause the left ventricle to enlarge and the heart muscle to weaken.

• #12 Mitral valve regurgitation – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/mitral-valve-regurgitation/symptoms-causes/syc-20350178

  Mitral valve regurgitation is often mild and develops slowly. Some people do not have symptoms for many years. […] But sometimes, mitral valve regurgitation develops quickly. When this happens, it’s called acute mitral valve regurgitation. […] Fatigue is a common but nonspecific symptom of mitral valve regurgitation. Other symptoms of mitral valve regurgitation include: Irregular heartbeat, called an arrhythmia. Shortness of breath, especially when lying down. Feelings of a rapid, pounding or fluttering heartbeat, called palpitations. Swollen feet or ankles. […] As mitral valve regurgitation gets worse, the heart must work harder to pump blood to the body. The strain on the heart can cause the left lower chamber to widen. The heart muscle may become weak. […] Potential complications of severe mitral valve regurgitation include: An irregular and often rapid heartbeat, called atrial fibrillation. Mitral valve regurgitation may trigger this common heart rhythm disorder. Atrial fibrillation has been linked to an increased risk of blood clots and stroke. High blood pressure in the lungs, called pulmonary hypertension. Long-term untreated or improperly treated mitral regurgitation can increase pressure in the blood vessels in the lungs. As pressure rises, fluid builds up in the lungs. Congestive heart failure. In severe mitral valve regurgitation, the heart has to work harder to pump enough blood to the body. The extra effort causes the left lower heart chamber to get bigger. Untreated, the heart muscle becomes weak. This can cause heart failure.

• #13 Mitral Valve Disease: Types, Symptoms and Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/23235-mitral-valve-disease

  Mitral valve disease is a group of conditions that affect your mitral valve. This is the door from your left atrium to your left ventricle. Forms of the disease include stenosis, prolapse and regurgitation. You may have no symptoms, but some people have serious ones that affect quality of life. Severe cases need treatment to prevent complications. […] The symptoms of mitral valve disease depend on the form you have. In some cases, symptoms also depend on the severity of the disease. […] You may have no symptoms at all. If you do have symptoms, they can include: Chest pain. Cough. Coughing up blood. Dizziness or fainting. Fatigue. Heart palpitations. These can feel like bursts of rapid heartbeat or an awareness of your heartbeat. Migraines. Mitral facies. This is a plum-colored flush in your cheeks. Orthostatic hypotension. This is blood pressure that gets too low when you stand up. Shortness of breath. Swelling in your legs, ankles or feet.

• #14 Mitral Valve Disease | BIDMC of Boston

  https://www.bidmc.org/conditions-and-treatments/heart-and-vascular/mitral-valve-disease

  Mitral valve disease refers to damage to the mitral valve that causes it to function improperly. […] Symptoms of mitral valve disease may vary depending on the type of condition you have. The most common symptoms include: Heart palpitations, Shortness of breath, especially with exertion, Cough, especially at night or when lying down, Dizziness, lightheadedness and/or fainting, Fatigue, Swollen ankles, feet or abdomen, Chest discomfort or pain (angina), A new heart murmur or arrhythmia. […] Most people who have mitral valve prolapse often do not have any symptoms. Symptoms of mitral valve endocarditis may also include flu-like symptoms and blood in the urine. […] If you have severe symptoms and/or if your mitral valve is damaged or abnormal, surgery may be necessary to repair the valve and its function.

• #15 Mitral Valve Disease, Mitral Valve Disorder & Symptoms

  https://www.thekeyholeheartclinic.com/services/valve-disorders/mitral-valve2/

  In the case of mitral stenosis, the mitral valve disease symptoms are tiredness and shortness of breath. Additional mitral stenosis and mitral valve disorder symptoms are swollen feet and legs, heart palpitations, chest pain and dizziness. […] If you are experiencing mitral regurgitation, the symptoms are often shortness of breath and light-headedness, coughing and heart palpitations. Swollen feet and an excessive need to urinate are also potential symptoms. […] If the type of mitral valve disease you’re suffering from is mitral valve regurgitation, treatment normally depends on the severity of the condition, and how your doctor thinks it might progress. […] However, for severe regurgitation you may need treatment and heart surgery in order to repair or replace the faulty valve, as if it is left untreated, it may cause heart problems and failure in the future.

• #16 Heart valve disease – BHF

  https://www.bhf.org.uk/informationsupport/conditions/heart-valve-disease

  Some people with heart valve disease have no symptoms. Other people may have one or more symptoms. […] Common symptoms of heart valve disease are: feeling breathless, chest pain, feeling weak or dizzy, discomfort in your chest, swollen ankles and feet, being more tired than usual, a fluttering or pounding feeling in your chest or neck (known as palpitations). […] Symptoms can be mild, moderate or severe. […] If your valve disease is moderate or severe with no symptoms, you should have a check-up and echocardiogram every 6 to 12 months. […] If you start having new or worsening symptoms, make an appointment with your doctor. This could mean your valve disease is getting worse. […] If your heart valve disease is moderate or severe you will usually need treatment. It can feel scary to be diagnosed with severe heart valve disease. Talk to your doctor about what this means for you and your treatment options.

• #17 Mitral Valve Disease Symptoms | Northwestern Medicine

  https://www.nm.org/conditions-and-care-areas/heart-and-vascular/conditions-and-treatments/mitral-valve-disease/symptoms

  The symptoms of mitral valve disease vary for the two general forms: mitral regurgitation/insufficiency (including mitral valve prolapse) and mitral stenosis. Symptoms may include: […] The primary symptoms of mitral valve insufficiency/regurgitation may include: Shortness of breath, Fatigue and exercise intolerance, A rapid, fluttering heartbeat (palpitations), Chest pain. […] Symptoms of mitral valve prolapse can be mild or develop gradually. They include: A racing or irregular heartbeat (arrhythmia), Dizziness or feeling lightheaded, Shortness of breath, Fatigue, Chest pain. […] For some, the primary and often only symptom of mitral stenosis is shortness of breath. As the disease progresses, the heart weakens as it struggles to get blood through a small, stiff valve opening. Symptoms of mitral valve stenosis may include: Shortness of breath, Cough due to fluid on the lungs (pulmonary edema), A rapid, fluttering heartbeat (palpitations), Dizziness or lightheadedness, Swollen feet or legs, Blood clots, Chest pain.

• #18 Mitral Valve Disease and Diagnosis | AdventHealth Orlando

  https://www.adventhealth.com/hospital/adventhealth-orlando/blog/mitral-valve-disease-and-diagnosis

  Having mitral valve stenosis means your mitral valve stiffens and doesn’t open all the way, forcing blood through a smaller opening. In severe cases, fluid can build up in the lungs, leading to coughing and breathing problems such as pneumonia. Problems with the mitral valve can also cause a fast or irregular heartbeat, called palpitations. Over time, mitral stenosis may slowly get worse. […] Symptoms of Mitral Valve Stenosis: Shortness of breath with exertion, Shortness of breath when you lie down, Fatigue, especially during increased physical activity, Swollen feet or legs, Heart palpitations, Dizziness or fainting, Coughing up blood, Chest discomfort or chest pain. […] With chronic mitral regurgitation, the symptoms may range from mild to severe. With the acute condition, the valve suddenly becomes leaky and the heart doesn’t have time to adapt to the leak in the valve. Symptoms with acute mitral regurgitation are often severe and require immediate medical attention.

• #19 Mitral Valve Disease – Center for Advanced Cardiac and Vascular Interventions

  https://cacvi.org/conditions/heart-conditions/mitral-valve-disease/

  In mitral valve disease, the mitral valve, which is located between your left heart chambers (left atrium and left ventricle), doesn’t work properly. […] Signs and symptoms of mitral regurgitation may include heart murmur, shortness of breath (dyspnea), fatigue, heart palpitations, and swollen feet or ankles. […] Mitral valve stenosis usually progresses slowly over time. Signs and symptoms may include shortness of breath, fatigue, swollen feet or legs, heart palpitations — sensations of a rapid, fluttering heartbeat, dizziness or fainting, coughing up blood or chest discomfort or chest pain. […] Mitral valve stenosis symptoms may appear or worsen anytime your heart rate increases, such as during exercise. An episode of rapid heartbeats may accompany these symptoms. Or they may be triggered by pregnancy or other body stress, such as an infection.

• #20 Mitral Valve Regurgitation: Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/24983-mitral-valve-regurgitation

  Mild mitral regurgitation may not cause any symptoms. But as the leaky valve gets worse and affects your heart function, a common symptom is shortness of breath (dyspnea). You may feel like you cant get enough air into your lungs, or you have to work harder to breathe when youre resting, lying down, trying to sleep or are physically active. […] Symptoms of mitral valve regurgitation may develop gradually or suddenly. […] Mitral valve regurgitation progresses slowly in some people and more quickly in others. Your healthcare provider can tell you more about the progression of your condition and how often they need to monitor you. They can also tell you how the condition may impact your life expectancy.

• #21 Mitral valve prolapse Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/diseases-conditions/mitral-valve-prolapse

  Mitral valve prolapse is a heart problem involving the mitral valve, which separates the upper and lower chambers of the left side of the heart. In this condition, the valve does not close normally. […] Many people with mitral valve prolapse do not have symptoms. A group of symptoms sometimes found in people with mitral valve prolapse has been called „mitral valve prolapse syndrome,” and includes: Chest pain (not caused by coronary artery disease or a heart attack), Dizziness, Fatigue, Panic attacks, Sensation of feeling the heart beat (palpitations), Shortness of breath with activity or when lying flat (orthopnea). […] When mitral regurgitation occurs, symptoms may be related to the leaking, particularly when severe. […] Most of the time, mitral valve prolapse is harmless and does not cause symptoms. Symptoms that do occur can be treated and controlled with medicine or surgery. […] Some abnormal heartbeats (arrhythmias) in people with mitral valve prolapse can be life threatening. If the valve leakage becomes severe, your outlook may be similar to that of people who have mitral regurgitation from any other cause.

• #22 Mitral Valve Prolapse: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/155494-overview

  The risk of MR increases with the following factors: age older than 50 years, male sex, history of hypertension, increased body mass index (BMI), increased mitral valve thickness or redundancy, and left atrial and left ventricular dilatation. […] Progression of the valvular lesions and an increase in mitral annular diameter were the two independent predictors of regurgitant volume over time. […] The main mechanism for an increased risk of infective endocarditis is a turbulent flow state due to leaflet thickness or redundancy and MR. The risk of endocarditis increases 3- to 8-fold with MVP. […] There is a 50-60% increased risk of atrial and ventricular arrhythmias in patients with myxomatous MVP; the risk of sudden death is 0.4-2% in these patients.

• #23 Mitral Valve Regurgitation: Diagnosis & Treatment | Mass General Brigham

  https://www.massgeneralbrigham.org/en/patient-care/services-and-specialties/heart/conditions/mitral-valve-regurgitation/treatment

  The severity of your case will determine how often you need to have your heart checked with an echocardiogram. Mild cases may be monitored every 3-5 years. As the condition progresses, you’ll get checks more frequently. […] For more severe cases of mitral valve regurgitation, treatment is often necessary to improve symptoms and prevent serious complications like congestive heart failure. […] As your condition progresses, surgery may be the best option to reduce symptoms and lower your risk of serious complications like congestive heart failure and atrial fibrillation, which can cause strokes. […] In about half of patients, mitral valve regurgitation progresses (gets worse over time), but about 11% of patients experience spontaneous regression of the condition and improvement of symptoms. […] Important signs of mitral regurgitation include shortness of breath, heart palpitations, and swelling in your extremities, and weight gain.

• #24 Mitral valve regurgitation – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/mitral-valve-regurgitation/symptoms-causes/syc-20350178

  Mitral valve regurgitation is often mild and develops slowly. Some people do not have symptoms for many years. […] But sometimes, mitral valve regurgitation develops quickly. When this happens, it’s called acute mitral valve regurgitation. […] Fatigue is a common but nonspecific symptom of mitral valve regurgitation. Other symptoms of mitral valve regurgitation include: Irregular heartbeat, called an arrhythmia. Shortness of breath, especially when lying down. Feelings of a rapid, pounding or fluttering heartbeat, called palpitations. Swollen feet or ankles. […] As mitral valve regurgitation gets worse, the heart must work harder to pump blood to the body. The strain on the heart can cause the left lower chamber to widen. The heart muscle may become weak. […] Potential complications of severe mitral valve regurgitation include: An irregular and often rapid heartbeat, called atrial fibrillation. Mitral valve regurgitation may trigger this common heart rhythm disorder. Atrial fibrillation has been linked to an increased risk of blood clots and stroke. High blood pressure in the lungs, called pulmonary hypertension. Long-term untreated or improperly treated mitral regurgitation can increase pressure in the blood vessels in the lungs. As pressure rises, fluid builds up in the lungs. Congestive heart failure. In severe mitral valve regurgitation, the heart has to work harder to pump enough blood to the body. The extra effort causes the left lower heart chamber to get bigger. Untreated, the heart muscle becomes weak. This can cause heart failure.

• #25 Mitral Valve Regurgitation | Cedars-Sinai

  https://www.cedars-sinai.org/health-library/diseases-and-conditions/m/mitral-valve-regurgitation.html

  Most people with chronic mitral valve regurgitation dont notice any symptoms for a long time. People with mild or moderate mitral regurgitation often dont have any symptoms. If the regurgitation becomes more severe, symptoms may start. They may be stronger and happen more often over time. They may include: […] Acute, severe mitral valve regurgitation is a medical emergency. It can cause serious symptoms such as: […] Chronic mitral valve regurgitation may get worse and need surgery. […] Acute, severe mitral valve regurgitation is a medical emergency that requires immediate surgery.

• #26

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=aa143442

  Symptoms of chronic mitral valve regurgitation may take decades to appear. They include being tired or short of breath when you are active. […] Acute mitral valve regurgitation is an emergency. Symptoms come on quickly. They include severe shortness of breath, fast heart rate, light-headedness, weakness, confusion, and chest pain. […] If you develop heart failure, you may have other symptoms. They include: Shortness of breath with activity. This can later develop into shortness of breath at rest and at night. Tiredness and weakness. A buildup of fluid in the legs and feet. This buildup is called edema.

• #27 Mitral Regurgitation Stages: Symptoms, Treatment, and Outlook

  https://www.healthline.com/health/mitral-regurgitation-stages

  Doctors classify mitral valve regurgitation into four progressive stages. Symptoms typically dont appear until the final stages but monitoring and treatment in earlier stages may help slow progression. […] Symptoms typically dont appear until stage D. […] People in stage D have features similar to people in stage C but with increased severity and symptoms. People with stage D mitral regurgitation may have symptoms that include: shortness of breath with exertion or at rest, fatigue, a reduced exercise capacity, heart palpitations, chest pain, swelling in their legs, abdomen, neck veins. […] Mitral regurgitation doesnt cause symptoms until you reach stage D. Progressively worsening symptoms or the development of new symptoms can be a sign you have increased regurgitation.

• #28 Mitral Regurgitation Stages: Symptoms, Treatment, and Outlook

  https://www.healthline.com/health/mitral-regurgitation-stages

  Doctors classify mitral valve regurgitation into four progressive stages. Symptoms typically dont appear until the final stages but monitoring and treatment in earlier stages may help slow progression. […] Symptoms typically dont appear until stage D. […] People in stage D have features similar to people in stage C but with increased severity and symptoms. People with stage D mitral regurgitation may have symptoms that include: shortness of breath with exertion or at rest, fatigue, a reduced exercise capacity, heart palpitations, chest pain, swelling in their legs, abdomen, neck veins. […] Mitral regurgitation doesnt cause symptoms until you reach stage D. Progressively worsening symptoms or the development of new symptoms can be a sign you have increased regurgitation.

• #29 Mitral Valve Regurgitation: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/mitral-valve-regurgitation-8384208

  The symptoms of MR can vary by the stage of the disease. […] When MR is compensated, it is not uncommon for there to be no symptoms at all. It is only when the disease is decompensated and the heart has been significantly compromised typically over the course of years or decades that nonspecific symptoms (those that could be due to a number of causes) can suddenly become overt and severe. […] Symptoms of mitral regurgitation include: Persistent fatigue, Heart palpitations, Shortness of breath with activity (dyspnea with exertion), Shortness of breath when lying down (orthopnea), Shortness of breath that awakens you from sleep (paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea), Reduced tolerance for exercise, Swelling of the lower legs, ankles, and feet (peripheral edema). […] Mitral valve regurgitation is associated with an increased risk of illness and death, particularly if left untreated.

• #30 Mitral Regurgitation Stages: Symptoms, Treatment, and Outlook

  https://www.healthline.com/health/mitral-regurgitation-stages

  Doctors classify mitral valve regurgitation into four progressive stages. Symptoms typically dont appear until the final stages but monitoring and treatment in earlier stages may help slow progression. […] Symptoms typically dont appear until stage D. […] People in stage D have features similar to people in stage C but with increased severity and symptoms. People with stage D mitral regurgitation may have symptoms that include: shortness of breath with exertion or at rest, fatigue, a reduced exercise capacity, heart palpitations, chest pain, swelling in their legs, abdomen, neck veins. […] Mitral regurgitation doesnt cause symptoms until you reach stage D. Progressively worsening symptoms or the development of new symptoms can be a sign you have increased regurgitation.

• #31 Mitral Valve Disease and Diagnosis | AdventHealth Orlando

  https://www.adventhealth.com/hospital/adventhealth-orlando/blog/mitral-valve-disease-and-diagnosis

  Most people with chronic mitral valve regurgitation don’t notice any symptoms for a long time. People with mild or moderate mitral regurgitation often don’t have any symptoms, but if your regurgitation progresses, symptoms can surface such as: Shortness of breath with exertion, Shortness of breath when lying flat, Fatigue, Reduced ability to exercise, Unpleasant awareness of your heartbeat, Palpitations, Swelling in your legs, abdomen, and veins in your neck, Chest pain. […] Acute, severe mitral valve regurgitation is a medical emergency and you should seek medical attention immediately. It can cause serious symptoms such as: Symptoms of shock such as pale skin, loss of consciousness or rapid breathing, Severe shortness of breath, Abnormal heart rhythms that make the heart unable to pump well.

• #32 Mitral valve regurgitation – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/mitral-valve-regurgitation/symptoms-causes/syc-20350178

  Mitral valve regurgitation is often mild and develops slowly. Some people do not have symptoms for many years. […] But sometimes, mitral valve regurgitation develops quickly. When this happens, it’s called acute mitral valve regurgitation. […] Fatigue is a common but nonspecific symptom of mitral valve regurgitation. Other symptoms of mitral valve regurgitation include: Irregular heartbeat, called an arrhythmia. Shortness of breath, especially when lying down. Feelings of a rapid, pounding or fluttering heartbeat, called palpitations. Swollen feet or ankles. […] As mitral valve regurgitation gets worse, the heart must work harder to pump blood to the body. The strain on the heart can cause the left lower chamber to widen. The heart muscle may become weak. […] Potential complications of severe mitral valve regurgitation include: An irregular and often rapid heartbeat, called atrial fibrillation. Mitral valve regurgitation may trigger this common heart rhythm disorder. Atrial fibrillation has been linked to an increased risk of blood clots and stroke. High blood pressure in the lungs, called pulmonary hypertension. Long-term untreated or improperly treated mitral regurgitation can increase pressure in the blood vessels in the lungs. As pressure rises, fluid builds up in the lungs. Congestive heart failure. In severe mitral valve regurgitation, the heart has to work harder to pump enough blood to the body. The extra effort causes the left lower heart chamber to get bigger. Untreated, the heart muscle becomes weak. This can cause heart failure.

• #33 Mitral Valve Disease Symptoms, Causes, Types (Orange County)

  https://www.hoag.org/specialties-services/heart-vascular/specialty-programs/heart-valve-program/conditions/mitral-valve-disease/

  Recurring or chronic cough […] Dizziness […] Fatigue and decreased endurance while performing exercise […] High blood pressure, particularly in the blood vessels that move blood to the lungs […] Shortness of breath […] Having a heart murmur, which is a whooshing sound from the heart […] Heart palpitations or irregular heartbeat (arrhythmias) […] Migraine headaches […] Orthostatic hypotension, which is a drop in blood pressure that happens when you stand, potentially leading to fainting […] Swelling in the legs, ankles or feet. […] However, in many cases, untreated mitral valve disease can lead to severe health issues. Complications of mitral valve disease may include: […] Congestive heart failure […] Atrial fibrillation, which is a potentially dangerous issue with the speed and rhythm of the heart […] Enlargement of the heart, especially in cases involving severe mitral valve regurgitation.

• #34 Heart Valve Diseases – What Are Heart Valve Diseases? | NHLBI, NIH

  https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/heart-valve-diseases

  Extreme tiredness (fatigue) is often the first symptom. […] You may also feel faint or lose consciousness, have breathing difficulty or chest pain, or feel that your heart is skipping a beat, fluttering, pounding, or racing. […] If not diagnosed and treated promptly, heart valve problems can lead to arrhythmia, infection, high blood pressure in the lungs, heart failure, or cardiac arrest.

• #35 Mitral Valve Disease Symptoms, Treatment, and Risk Factors | UPMC

  https://share.upmc.com/2017/01/mitral-valve-disease/

  Mitral valve disease is a common heart problem. While you would probably expect classic heart-related symptoms like chest pains from this condition, mitral valve disease may have no symptoms at first, or very mild symptoms that you might dismiss as stress, a busy schedule, or a normal part of aging. […] Some people with mitral valve disease may have no symptoms at first, but some warning signs can include: Fatigue, or feeling very tired; Shortness of breath; Heart palpitations, or the sense of feeling your own heartbeat; Cough (can be a dry cough or a cough with blood); Swelling in your feet and ankles; Chest pain; Fainting; Anxiety. […] Mitral valve disease will not improve on its own, so its important to talk with your doctor about any of these symptoms. Over time, mitral valve disease can lead to more serious complications, including: Heart failure, which happens when your heart cant pump enough blood to meet your bodys needs; An enlarged heart; Atrial fibrillation, a type of heart rhythm problem that raises your risk for stroke.

• #36 Mitral Valve Prolapse – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470288/

  The overall prognosis for MVP is benign. Most asymptomatic individuals are not aware that they have MVP and do not require treatment. Complications associated with MVP include infective endocarditis, mitral valve regurgitation, arrhythmia (atrial fibrillation), transient ischemic event, or systemic embolism. The major predictor of mortality in MVP is the degree of mitral valve regurgitation and ejection fraction. […] The complications that can manifest with mitral valve prolapse are as follows: Progression to severe mitral regurgitation, Infective endocarditis, Atrial fibrillation, Stroke, Sudden death.

• #37 Mitral valve disease – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/mitral-valve-disease/symptoms-causes/syc-20355107

  Some people with mitral valve disease might not have symptoms for many years, if at all. […] Symptoms of mitral valve disease can include: Fatigue. Irregular heartbeat. Shortness of breath. […] Treatment for mitral valve disease depends on the severity of the condition and whether it is worsening. Sometimes, surgery is recommended to repair or replace the mitral valve. […] Mitral valve disease can cause many complications. Severe mitral valve regurgitation, for example, causes the heart to work harder, which can cause the left ventricle to enlarge and the heart muscle to weaken.

• #38 What is Mitral Regurgitation? Mitral Regurgitation Symptoms

  https://www.structuralheart.abbott/patients/heart-valve-disease/mitral-regurgitation

  Feeling tired/fatigue is a common symptom of mitral regurgitation. In some cases, you may have mitral regurgitation but not experience any signs or symptoms. In other cases, you may experience mitral regurgitation symptoms such as fatigue, heart palpitations, dry hacking cough, shortness of breath, fainting, and ankles and feet swelling. […] If you are experiencing any of the symptoms of mitral regurgitation, talk to your doctor to receive a thorough examination and proper diagnosis. You should also promptly seek treatment if you notice that your symptoms are getting worse for example, if the swelling in your feet and ankles has increased or if you find it more difficult to perform daily activities such as walking up the stairs. […] Mitral regurgitation places an extra burden on your heart and lungs. Over time, some people may develop an enlarged heart because it has to work harder to pump blood through the body. If it is not treated, mitral regurgitation can cause other, more serious problems with your heart, such as heart failure. This is a condition that occurs when your heart can’t pump enough blood to meet the needs of your body.

• #39 Mitral Valve Disease: Types, Causes, and Symptoms

  https://www.healthline.com/health/mitral-valve-disease

  Symptoms of any type of mitral valve disease usually develop gradually. They might appear or get worse when your body is dealing with extra stress, such as infection or pregnancy. […] When the mitral valve does not function as it should, your blood does not flow properly out of the heart. You may experience symptoms such as fatigue or shortness of breath, or you may not experience symptoms at all.

• #40 Mitral Valve Disease – Center for Advanced Cardiac and Vascular Interventions

  https://cacvi.org/conditions/heart-conditions/mitral-valve-disease/

  In mitral valve disease, the mitral valve, which is located between your left heart chambers (left atrium and left ventricle), doesn’t work properly. […] Signs and symptoms of mitral regurgitation may include heart murmur, shortness of breath (dyspnea), fatigue, heart palpitations, and swollen feet or ankles. […] Mitral valve stenosis usually progresses slowly over time. Signs and symptoms may include shortness of breath, fatigue, swollen feet or legs, heart palpitations — sensations of a rapid, fluttering heartbeat, dizziness or fainting, coughing up blood or chest discomfort or chest pain. […] Mitral valve stenosis symptoms may appear or worsen anytime your heart rate increases, such as during exercise. An episode of rapid heartbeats may accompany these symptoms. Or they may be triggered by pregnancy or other body stress, such as an infection.

• #41 Mitral Valve Disease – Center for Advanced Cardiac and Vascular Interventions

  https://cacvi.org/conditions/heart-conditions/mitral-valve-disease/

  In mitral valve disease, the mitral valve, which is located between your left heart chambers (left atrium and left ventricle), doesn’t work properly. […] Signs and symptoms of mitral regurgitation may include heart murmur, shortness of breath (dyspnea), fatigue, heart palpitations, and swollen feet or ankles. […] Mitral valve stenosis usually progresses slowly over time. Signs and symptoms may include shortness of breath, fatigue, swollen feet or legs, heart palpitations — sensations of a rapid, fluttering heartbeat, dizziness or fainting, coughing up blood or chest discomfort or chest pain. […] Mitral valve stenosis symptoms may appear or worsen anytime your heart rate increases, such as during exercise. An episode of rapid heartbeats may accompany these symptoms. Or they may be triggered by pregnancy or other body stress, such as an infection.

• #42 Heart valve disease

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/heart-valve-disease/

  Heart valve disease affects people differently. It’s common to have mild heart valve disease that does not cause any issues, but for some people it can lead to serious health problems. […] It’s important to get advice from a heart specialist if you’re pregnant or want to get pregnant. Pregnancy can make heart valve disease symptoms worse.

• #43 Mitral Valve Prolapse: Causes, Symptoms, Treatments

  https://www.medicinenet.com/mitral_valve_prolapse/article.htm

  Although some people with mitral valve prolapse may experience a variety of complications, most have no symptoms and can lead healthy, active, and normal lives. More importantly, the overwhelming majority of people with mitral valve prolapse have bothersome symptoms, but not life-threatening problems. […] Symptoms of mitral valve prolapse may be aggravated by pregnancy, stress, pregnancy, fatigue, menstrual cycles (menstruation), or other illnesses.

• #44 Mitral Valve Disorders | Conditions | UCSF Health

  https://www.ucsfhealth.org/conditions/mitral-valve-disorders

  Surgical repair of a malfunctioning mitral valve is recommended when it causes symptoms such as shortness of breath, fatigue, chest pains, dizziness, swelling of the ankles or legs, cough or heart palpitations. It may also be recommended when the damaged or diseased mitral valve causes the heart muscle to weaken. […] If left untreated, mitral valve disease may lead to more serious problems, such as heart dilation, in which the heart’s walls become stretched and weakened. As a result, heart rhythm problems may occur, including atrial fibrillation. […] Research shows that when faulty valves are repaired early on, before they lead to heart damage, patients have much better immediate and long-term results. […] Recent research suggests that earlier surgical intervention, particularly if repair is possible, may prevent irreversible damage to the heart. Evidence shows that patients who have their valve repaired early on have greatly improved short- and long-term results.

• #45 Symptoms | SCAI – Seconds Count

  https://www.secondscount.org/condition/mitral-valve-regurgitation/symptoms

  Mild or moderate mitral regurgitation may not cause any symptoms but may be detected by the presence of a murmur. Severe mitral regurgitation can lead to several symptoms, including the following: Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing, especially with exertion […] Patients with mitral valve regurgitation rarely have symptoms until the valve is leaking severely, and even then, many don’t show symptoms. Often, patients with mild leakage remain stable for many years and need no treatment. However, because mitral valve regurgitation can lead to more serious disorders, your doctor may recommend early treatment for your mitral valve regurgitation before symptoms develop. […] Early treatment of your mitral valve regurgitation may be recommended, not because you’re having symptoms, but to avoid these serious complications. Also, there’s been studies that indicate that early mitral valve repair (before symptoms appear or damage has occurred) is associated with better health over the long term.

• #46 Heart valve disease – BHF

  https://www.bhf.org.uk/informationsupport/conditions/heart-valve-disease

  Some people with heart valve disease have no symptoms. Other people may have one or more symptoms. […] Common symptoms of heart valve disease are: feeling breathless, chest pain, feeling weak or dizzy, discomfort in your chest, swollen ankles and feet, being more tired than usual, a fluttering or pounding feeling in your chest or neck (known as palpitations). […] Symptoms can be mild, moderate or severe. […] If your valve disease is moderate or severe with no symptoms, you should have a check-up and echocardiogram every 6 to 12 months. […] If you start having new or worsening symptoms, make an appointment with your doctor. This could mean your valve disease is getting worse. […] If your heart valve disease is moderate or severe you will usually need treatment. It can feel scary to be diagnosed with severe heart valve disease. Talk to your doctor about what this means for you and your treatment options.

• #47 Mitral Valve Regurgitation: Diagnosis & Treatment | Mass General Brigham

  https://www.massgeneralbrigham.org/en/patient-care/services-and-specialties/heart/conditions/mitral-valve-regurgitation/treatment

  The severity of your case will determine how often you need to have your heart checked with an echocardiogram. Mild cases may be monitored every 3-5 years. As the condition progresses, you’ll get checks more frequently. […] For more severe cases of mitral valve regurgitation, treatment is often necessary to improve symptoms and prevent serious complications like congestive heart failure. […] As your condition progresses, surgery may be the best option to reduce symptoms and lower your risk of serious complications like congestive heart failure and atrial fibrillation, which can cause strokes. […] In about half of patients, mitral valve regurgitation progresses (gets worse over time), but about 11% of patients experience spontaneous regression of the condition and improvement of symptoms. […] Important signs of mitral regurgitation include shortness of breath, heart palpitations, and swelling in your extremities, and weight gain.

• #48 Mitral Valve Disease: Types, Symptoms and Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/23235-mitral-valve-disease

  The life expectancy for people with mitral valve disease depends on many factors. These include: What form of mitral valve disease you have. How severe the disease has become. How much the disease has harmed your heart. When you receive treatment. […] See your provider right away if you have any symptoms of mitral valve disease. Catching problems early can help you avoid serious complications later on.

• #49 Symptoms of Valve Disease | Adventist Heart Institute

  https://www.adventistheart.org/valve-disease/symptoms-of-valve-disease/index.html

  If significant symptoms develop suddenly, dont wait to contact your doctor: sudden symptoms can signal fast-developing valve disease that needs prompt treatment. […] Additional signs that may only be detectable through medical exam include heart murmur and enlargement of the liver. Infections affecting the hearts valves may also produce symptoms such as fever.

• #50

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/aftercareinformation/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=zc1679

  The mitral valve lets blood flow from the upper to the lower heart chamber on the left side of the heart. Mitral valve regurgitation occurs when the valve can’t close all the way and blood backs up into the upper chamber of the heart. This causes the heart to work harder to pump the extra blood. […] You may have this condition for many years without having problems. But over time, it can weaken the heart and lead to heart failure. […] Call your doctor or nurse advice line if you have new symptoms or your symptoms get worse. […] Call your doctor or nurse advice line now or seek immediate medical care if: […] You have new or increased shortness of breath. […] You have new or increased swelling in your legs, ankles, or feet. […] Watch closely for changes in your health, and be sure to contact your doctor or nurse advice line if you develop new symptoms.

• #51 Mitral Valve Disease: Types, Symptoms and Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/23235-mitral-valve-disease

  The life expectancy for people with mitral valve disease depends on many factors. These include: What form of mitral valve disease you have. How severe the disease has become. How much the disease has harmed your heart. When you receive treatment. […] See your provider right away if you have any symptoms of mitral valve disease. Catching problems early can help you avoid serious complications later on.

• #52 Mitral Valve Regurgitation: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/mitral-valve-regurgitation-8384208

  Studies suggest that the two-year survival rate for severe primary MR is 92% (meaning that 92% of people will live for at least two years following their diagnosis). The six-year survival rate is far less favorable, falling to 65%. […] Most studies show that people with severe primary MR will almost inevitably need surgery or die within 10 years. The risk of death increases substantially with age. […] However, if treated, the prognosis for primary MR is greatly improved.

• #53 Mitral Valve Regurgitation: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/mitral-valve-regurgitation-8384208

  Studies suggest that the two-year survival rate for severe primary MR is 92% (meaning that 92% of people will live for at least two years following their diagnosis). The six-year survival rate is far less favorable, falling to 65%. […] Most studies show that people with severe primary MR will almost inevitably need surgery or die within 10 years. The risk of death increases substantially with age. […] However, if treated, the prognosis for primary MR is greatly improved.

• #54 Mitral Valve Regurgitation: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/mitral-valve-regurgitation-8384208

  Studies suggest that the two-year survival rate for severe primary MR is 92% (meaning that 92% of people will live for at least two years following their diagnosis). The six-year survival rate is far less favorable, falling to 65%. […] Most studies show that people with severe primary MR will almost inevitably need surgery or die within 10 years. The risk of death increases substantially with age. […] However, if treated, the prognosis for primary MR is greatly improved.

• #55 Mitral Valve Disease in Dogs | VCA Animal Hospitals

  https://vcahospitals.com/know-your-pet/mitral-valve-disease-in-dogs

  Pimobendan is more often used in advanced stages of heart failure but is now often recommended in earlier stages of mitral valve disease as it could slow down the progression. […] If a favorable response does not occur within a few days, especially in more advanced cases, the prognosis is not good. However, most dogs that stabilize quickly will live a good quality of life that with treatment, is extended for many months or a few years.

• #56 Mitral Valve Regurgitation: Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/24983-mitral-valve-regurgitation

  Mild mitral regurgitation may not cause any symptoms. But as the leaky valve gets worse and affects your heart function, a common symptom is shortness of breath (dyspnea). You may feel like you cant get enough air into your lungs, or you have to work harder to breathe when youre resting, lying down, trying to sleep or are physically active. […] Symptoms of mitral valve regurgitation may develop gradually or suddenly. […] Mitral valve regurgitation progresses slowly in some people and more quickly in others. Your healthcare provider can tell you more about the progression of your condition and how often they need to monitor you. They can also tell you how the condition may impact your life expectancy.

• #57 Valve Conditions | WakeMed

  https://www.wakemed.org/care-and-services/heart-vascular-care/cardiovascular-surgery/valve-conditions

  The most important symptom for an adult to watch for is a change in the way you feel when going about your normal activities. That may be shortness of breath after a routine 30-minute run. Its a subtle change or unusual feeling when are doing everyday usual things that signals its time to go see your doctor. Always listen to your body. No matter what your age, if doing your normal activities leave you short of breath or just feeling not quite right, see your cardiologist to make sure all is fine.

• #58

• #59 Symptoms of Valve Disease | Adventist Heart Institute

  https://www.adventistheart.org/valve-disease/symptoms-of-valve-disease/index.html

  Valve disease can be present without any observed symptoms, although serious valve disease usually causes noticeable discomfort. Symptoms may come on suddenly, or emerge and worsen gradually over time, so gradually you may not pay much attention until they create a serious impact on your life. The severity of symptoms may not match the severity of the valve disease. Most symptoms of valve disease can also be symptoms of other disorders, both serious and benign, so its important to see your doctor for evaluation. The sooner valve disease is identified and treated, the better your outcome will be. […] More serious valve disorders generally but not always produce more pronounced symptoms. See your doctor if you experience the following symptoms: Chest pain, pressure, or tightness; Palpitations (heavy, pounding, or noticeable heartbeats); Fluttering discomfort in the chest; Weakness and fatigue; Shortness of breath; Difficulty breathing when lying down; Lightheadedness or fainting; Swollen ankles and feet; Low tolerance for activity; Cold skin.

• #60 Valve Conditions | WakeMed

  https://www.wakemed.org/care-and-services/heart-vascular-care/cardiovascular-surgery/valve-conditions

  The most important symptom for an adult to watch for is a change in the way you feel when going about your normal activities. That may be shortness of breath after a routine 30-minute run. Its a subtle change or unusual feeling when are doing everyday usual things that signals its time to go see your doctor. Always listen to your body. No matter what your age, if doing your normal activities leave you short of breath or just feeling not quite right, see your cardiologist to make sure all is fine.

• #61 6 Symptoms of Mitral Regurgitation – Phoenix Heart6 Symptoms of Mitral Regurgitation – Phoenix Heart

  https://phoenixheart.com/6-symptoms-of-mitral-regurgitation/

  Not surprisingly, mitral valve regurgitation can interfere with how your heart beats. Doctors often can hear an unusual heart sound called a heart murmur when they listen to your heart through a stethoscope. But you may also feel an unusual heartbeat, like a heartbeat that feels rapid or irregular. You may also have palpitations or “fluttering.” […] If you’re having any unusual heart-related symptom — even a subtle one — don’t ignore it. Early evaluation is critical for preventing serious complications, including life-threatening heart failure or arrhythmias.

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