Materiały źródłowe

• #1

  https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/bipolar-disorder

  Bipolar disorder is associated with significant disability and difficulties in many areas of life. […] There are a range of effective care options, which combine medicines and psychosocial interventions to help people with bipolar disorder stay well. […] Even though symptoms often recur, recovery is possible. With appropriate care, people with bipolar disorder can cope with their symptoms and live meaningful and productive lives. […] There are a range of effective treatment options, typically a mix of medicines and psychological and psychosocial interventions. […] People with bipolar disorder need treatment and care across acute episodes of mania and depression and when indicated, longer-term treatment to prevent relapse. […] Psychological interventions (e.g. cognitive behavioural therapy, interpersonal therapy, psychoeducation) can effectively reduce depressive symptoms and the possibility of them coming back.

• #2 Bipolar Disorder (Manic Depression): Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/9294-bipolar-disorder

  Unfortunately, theres no known way to prevent bipolar disorder because scientists dont know its exact cause. […] But its important to know the signs and symptoms of bipolar disorder and to seek early intervention. […] Regular and continued use of medication can help reduce episodes of mania and depression. By knowing how to recognize the symptoms and triggers of these episodes, theres a better chance for effective treatment and finding coping methods that may prevent long periods of illness, extended hospital stays and suicide.

• #3 Preventing Symptoms of Bipolar Disorder Depression & Mania

  https://www.webmd.com/bipolar-disorder/preventing-bipolar-disorder

  While bipolar disorder cannot be prevented, it’s important to be aware of early warning signs of an impending episode of bipolar depression or bipolar mania. Early recognition of bipolar warning signs and seeing your doctor regularly can allow you to monitor your mood and medications and keep illness from escalating. […] In fact, although treating bipolar disorder moods is critical, there is a convincing case supported by scientific studies that the prevention of further mood episodes should be the greatest goal. […] Taking prescribed medications and keeping doctor appointments are crucial to self-managing bipolar disorder and preventing serious episodes. […] Ongoing encouragement and support are needed after a person starts treatment. In fact, there are findings showing that the availability of social support systems increases the chances of employment in patients with bipolar disorder compared with those patients without support.

• #4 Preventing Symptoms of Bipolar Disorder Depression & Mania

  https://www.webmd.com/bipolar-disorder/preventing-bipolar-disorder

  While bipolar disorder cannot be prevented, it’s important to be aware of early warning signs of an impending episode of bipolar depression or bipolar mania. Early recognition of bipolar warning signs and seeing your doctor regularly can allow you to monitor your mood and medications and keep illness from escalating. […] In fact, although treating bipolar disorder moods is critical, there is a convincing case supported by scientific studies that the prevention of further mood episodes should be the greatest goal. […] Taking prescribed medications and keeping doctor appointments are crucial to self-managing bipolar disorder and preventing serious episodes. […] Ongoing encouragement and support are needed after a person starts treatment. In fact, there are findings showing that the availability of social support systems increases the chances of employment in patients with bipolar disorder compared with those patients without support.

• #5 Long-term prophylaxis in bipolar disorder – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16599648/

  Bipolar disorder is a major cause of disability, and the prevention of relapse is a key management goal. […] The use of medications for long-term prophylaxis should be considered in all patients meeting criteria for bipolar I disorder. […] Medications taken long-term in bipolar disorder differ in the extent to which they protect against manic and depressive relapse. […] Clinical care can be enhanced with effective education about the illness, and the use of strategies to improve treatment adherence and the recognition and management of stressors or prodromal symptoms. […] When discontinuation of prophylaxis is necessary, gradual tapering of dose over weeks or months is recommended.

• #6 SciELO Brazil – How to prevent the malignant progression of bipolar disorder How to prevent the malignant progression of bipolar disorder

  https://www.scielo.br/j/rbp/a/jKqnQYQwFkbK3Jc4bJkg39P/

  There is increasing recognition that, in a high percentage of cases, bipolar disorder is a progressive illness. […] New data emphasize the importance of early, consistent intervention after an initial manic episode. […] The hope is that, by analogy, preventing the early subsyndromal symptoms of the affective disorders could preclude the emergence of full-blown affective episodes. […] The types and consistency of intervention after the occurrence of a first manic episode needs major revision. […] One hint of an effective strategy would be the greater use of lithium. […] One of the strongest studies supporting the need for early, comprehensive, long-term specialty treatment is that of Kessing et al. […] Early comprehensive treatment can moderate the long-term course of bipolar disorder and change it for the better. […] Early attempts at stress reduction and modulation, as well as episode and substance abuse treatment and prevention, would appear to be critical to preventing a malignant transformation of bipolar disorder from a manageable illness to an incapacitating and treatment-resistant one.

• #7 Bipolar disorder – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/bipolar-disorder/symptoms-causes/syc-20355955

  There’s no sure way to prevent bipolar disorder. But getting treated as soon as you notice a mental health disorder can help stop bipolar disorder or other mental health conditions from getting worse. […] If you’ve been diagnosed with bipolar disorder, here are some ways you can stop minor symptoms from becoming full-blown episodes of mania or depression: […] Pay attention to warning signs. Talking with your care team about symptoms early on can stop episodes from getting worse. You may have found a pattern to your bipolar episodes and what causes them. Call your healthcare professional or mental health professional if you feel you’re starting to have an episode of depression or mania. Ask your family members or friends to watch for warning signs. […] Get enough sleep. Sleep disruptions often cause bipolar instability.

• #8

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=ty6584

  If you have bipolar disorder, there are some things you can do to help prevent a manic episode. These include: […] Learn the early warning signs of a manic episode. Watch for signs like needing less sleep and feeling happier or grouchier than usual. […] Keep track of your mood every day. After you know your early warning signs, check your mood each day to see if you may be heading for a mood swing. […] Keep a stable sleep pattern. Go to bed about the same time each night, and wake up around the same time each morning. […] Stay on a daily routine. Plan your day around a good routine. […] Don’t use alcohol or drugs. It may be tempting to use alcohol or drugs to help you get through a manic episode. […] Get help from family and friends. You may need help from your family or friends during a manic episode. […] Reduce stress at home and at work. Try to keep regular hours at work or at school. […] Keep getting treatment and counselling. It can be tempting to stop treatment during a manic episode because the symptoms feel good. But it’s important to keep getting treatment as prescribed.

• #9

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=ty6584

  If you have bipolar disorder, there are some things you can do to help prevent a manic episode. These include: […] Learn the early warning signs of a manic episode. Watch for signs like needing less sleep and feeling happier or grouchier than usual. […] Keep track of your mood every day. After you know your early warning signs, check your mood each day to see if you may be heading for a mood swing. […] Keep a stable sleep pattern. Go to bed about the same time each night, and wake up around the same time each morning. […] Stay on a daily routine. Plan your day around a good routine. […] Don’t use alcohol or drugs. It may be tempting to use alcohol or drugs to help you get through a manic episode. […] Get help from family and friends. You may need help from your family or friends during a manic episode. […] Reduce stress at home and at work. Try to keep regular hours at work or at school. […] Keep getting treatment and counselling. It can be tempting to stop treatment during a manic episode because the symptoms feel good. But it’s important to keep getting treatment as prescribed.

• #10

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=ty6584

  If you have bipolar disorder, there are some things you can do to help prevent a manic episode. These include: […] Learn the early warning signs of a manic episode. Watch for signs like needing less sleep and feeling happier or grouchier than usual. […] Keep track of your mood every day. After you know your early warning signs, check your mood each day to see if you may be heading for a mood swing. […] Keep a stable sleep pattern. Go to bed about the same time each night, and wake up around the same time each morning. […] Stay on a daily routine. Plan your day around a good routine. […] Don’t use alcohol or drugs. It may be tempting to use alcohol or drugs to help you get through a manic episode. […] Get help from family and friends. You may need help from your family or friends during a manic episode. […] Reduce stress at home and at work. Try to keep regular hours at work or at school. […] Keep getting treatment and counselling. It can be tempting to stop treatment during a manic episode because the symptoms feel good. But it’s important to keep getting treatment as prescribed.

• #11 Prevention of Bipolar Disorder Episodes: Is It Possible?

  https://psychcentral.com/bipolar/prevention-of-bipolar-disorder

  If you live with bipolar disorder, you may have wondered if you can prevent manic or depressive episodes. While everyone is different, there may be some options that can help you. […] Some people may find that they are able to prevent some manic and depressive episodes. […] With that said, there are some preventive measures that can be put in place in order to decrease the frequency, intensity, or duration of manic and depressive episodes, says Chanel Johnson, a licensed professional counselor in Detroit, Michigan, who lives with bipolar disorder. […] The goal of long-time management is to help prevent episodes with a combination of medication, psychotherapy, and psychoeducation. […] You may find that some depressive and manic episodes are preventable to some extent, though this may not be with 100% accuracy.

• #12 Coping with Mania: Tips, Recovery, and Prevention

  https://www.healthline.com/health/bipolar-disorder/mania

  Bipolar disorder can cause you to experience episodes of extreme highs (mania) and extreme lows (depression). […] Healthcare professionals typically treat acute manic episodes with medications known as antipsychotics. These drugs can reduce manic symptoms more quickly than mood stabilizers. However, long-term treatment with mood stabilizers can help prevent future manic episodes. […] Following a manic episode, many people gain insight into what may lead to their episodes. […] Keeping yourself on a routine as much as possible can help reduce manic episodes. But keep in mind that it wont prevent them altogether. […] A wellness recovery action plan (WRAP) helps you account for important decisions and contact people you may need if you get into a crisis. […] While no one likes to think about manic episodes, its important to be aware of them and seek support in advance.

• #13 Bipolar disorder – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/bipolar-disorder/symptoms-causes/syc-20355955

  There’s no sure way to prevent bipolar disorder. But getting treated as soon as you notice a mental health disorder can help stop bipolar disorder or other mental health conditions from getting worse. […] If you’ve been diagnosed with bipolar disorder, here are some ways you can stop minor symptoms from becoming full-blown episodes of mania or depression: […] Pay attention to warning signs. Talking with your care team about symptoms early on can stop episodes from getting worse. You may have found a pattern to your bipolar episodes and what causes them. Call your healthcare professional or mental health professional if you feel you’re starting to have an episode of depression or mania. Ask your family members or friends to watch for warning signs. […] Get enough sleep. Sleep disruptions often cause bipolar instability.

• #14

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=ty6584

  If you have bipolar disorder, there are some things you can do to help prevent a manic episode. These include: […] Learn the early warning signs of a manic episode. Watch for signs like needing less sleep and feeling happier or grouchier than usual. […] Keep track of your mood every day. After you know your early warning signs, check your mood each day to see if you may be heading for a mood swing. […] Keep a stable sleep pattern. Go to bed about the same time each night, and wake up around the same time each morning. […] Stay on a daily routine. Plan your day around a good routine. […] Don’t use alcohol or drugs. It may be tempting to use alcohol or drugs to help you get through a manic episode. […] Get help from family and friends. You may need help from your family or friends during a manic episode. […] Reduce stress at home and at work. Try to keep regular hours at work or at school. […] Keep getting treatment and counselling. It can be tempting to stop treatment during a manic episode because the symptoms feel good. But it’s important to keep getting treatment as prescribed.

• #15 Long-term prophylaxis in bipolar disorder – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16599648/

  Bipolar disorder is a major cause of disability, and the prevention of relapse is a key management goal. […] The use of medications for long-term prophylaxis should be considered in all patients meeting criteria for bipolar I disorder. […] Medications taken long-term in bipolar disorder differ in the extent to which they protect against manic and depressive relapse. […] Clinical care can be enhanced with effective education about the illness, and the use of strategies to improve treatment adherence and the recognition and management of stressors or prodromal symptoms. […] When discontinuation of prophylaxis is necessary, gradual tapering of dose over weeks or months is recommended.

• #16 Bipolar Disorder (Manic Depression): Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/9294-bipolar-disorder

  Unfortunately, theres no known way to prevent bipolar disorder because scientists dont know its exact cause. […] But its important to know the signs and symptoms of bipolar disorder and to seek early intervention. […] Regular and continued use of medication can help reduce episodes of mania and depression. By knowing how to recognize the symptoms and triggers of these episodes, theres a better chance for effective treatment and finding coping methods that may prevent long periods of illness, extended hospital stays and suicide.

• #17 Bipolar Prophylaxis

  https://www.kmptformulary.nhs.uk/therapeutic-sections/bipolar-affective-disorder/bipolar-prophylaxis/

  Combinations of mood stabilisers or a mood stabiliser and an antipsychotic are often required. […] There is evidence that where combination treatments are effective in mania or depression then continuation with the same combination provides optimal prophylaxis. […] Patients should be offered continuation with medications that were effective during a manic or depressive phase or a switch to lithium. […] Protects against mania and depression. […] Patients can be initiated on modified release formulation but all patients should be considered for a switched to immediate release once an optimal dose is established. […] Do not offer valproate to girls or young women of childbearing potential. If use cannot be avoided discuss risks and ensure that adequate contraception is being used. […] Valproate medicines (Epilim, Depakote) are contraindicated in women and girls of childbearing potential unless conditions of Pregnancy Prevention Programme are met. […] Not licensed for this indication but recommended by The Maudsley Prescribing Guidelines in Psychiatry (12th edition) and NICE CG185 KMPT valproate guideMedicines related to valproate: risk of abnormal pregnancy outcomes.

• #18 Lithium Prophylaxis of Bipolar Illness | The British Journal of Psychiatry | Cambridge Core

  https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-british-journal-of-psychiatry/article/lithium-prophylaxis-of-bipolar-illness/2AA8ACFF80CD8AE70B722FC57305D36A

  Using a longitudinal life-table analysis, we assessed the efficacy of lithium alone, administered within the context of a naturalistic clinical setting, by calculating the probability of patients remaining free of an affective episode (manic or depressive) over a five-year course. […] Lithium alone offered an average 83% probability against an affective relapse after one year, 52% after three years, and 37% after five years. […] For patients who failed on lithium alone, it appeared that combination treatment offered greater protection against subsequent affective relapse than the initial course on lithium alone.

• #19 Lithium and Valproate in Bipolar Disorder: From International Evidence-based Guidelines to Clinical Predictors

  https://www.cpn.or.kr/journal/view.html?uid=1383&vmd=Full

  Lithium prophylaxis is associated with fewer mood relapses of any type in a nationwide cohort study involving 14,616 patients. […] In a systematic review of 9 (n = 14,271) studies and in a network meta-analysis 33 RCTs (n = 6,846) comparing the different stabilizers including valproate, the evidence for the prevention is stronger for lithium than valproate. […] Family history of bipolar disorder is significantly associated with a favorable response to lithium prophylaxis in prospective (n = 68), retrospective (n = 167), cohort (n = 54), RCT (n = 72) and meta-analysis studies (n = 68). […] In general, the anti-suicidal effect of lithium, even unrelated to bipolar illness, has most consistent data and shows that lithium is superior to valproate. […] Although it is effective in treating acute mania, the strong point of lithium treatment remains prophylaxis, mostly of manic recurrences/relapses in Bipolar Disorder, as shown by several studies reporting lower rehospitalization risks with lithium than valproate.

• #20 Lithium and Valproate in Bipolar Disorder: From International Evidence-based Guidelines to Clinical Predictors

  https://www.cpn.or.kr/journal/view.html?uid=1383&vmd=Full

  Lithium prophylaxis is associated with fewer mood relapses of any type in a nationwide cohort study involving 14,616 patients. […] In a systematic review of 9 (n = 14,271) studies and in a network meta-analysis 33 RCTs (n = 6,846) comparing the different stabilizers including valproate, the evidence for the prevention is stronger for lithium than valproate. […] Family history of bipolar disorder is significantly associated with a favorable response to lithium prophylaxis in prospective (n = 68), retrospective (n = 167), cohort (n = 54), RCT (n = 72) and meta-analysis studies (n = 68). […] In general, the anti-suicidal effect of lithium, even unrelated to bipolar illness, has most consistent data and shows that lithium is superior to valproate. […] Although it is effective in treating acute mania, the strong point of lithium treatment remains prophylaxis, mostly of manic recurrences/relapses in Bipolar Disorder, as shown by several studies reporting lower rehospitalization risks with lithium than valproate.

• #21 Prophylaxis and treatment of bipolar disorder in older adults

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3380100/

  A 82-year-old man with bipolar disorder had been successfully treated with lithium (Li). […] In addition to Li, valproate and olanzapine can be used to treat bipolar disorder in adults, although Li as monotherapy or combined with valproate is more effective than valproate alone. […] There is little evidence to support the use of alternative mood-stabilizing or antipsychotic agents in older adults with bipolar disorder, although valproate, carbamazepine, newer antipsychotics and lamotrigine have some evidence for efficacy. […] Lamotrigine may be most effective in prevention of bipolar depression rather than mania. […] This case represents the common dilemma of treating severe and enduring mental illness with medication that has side-effects affecting physical health. […] There is a risk that failing to review or change medication may leave patients with serious and sometimes life-threatening physical side-effects. […] Without a straightforward solution, changing medication is likely worth the risk when there is evidence that alternative treatments may be effective.

• #22 Bipolar Prophylaxis

  https://www.kmptformulary.nhs.uk/therapeutic-sections/bipolar-affective-disorder/bipolar-prophylaxis/

  Combinations of mood stabilisers or a mood stabiliser and an antipsychotic are often required. […] There is evidence that where combination treatments are effective in mania or depression then continuation with the same combination provides optimal prophylaxis. […] Patients should be offered continuation with medications that were effective during a manic or depressive phase or a switch to lithium. […] Protects against mania and depression. […] Patients can be initiated on modified release formulation but all patients should be considered for a switched to immediate release once an optimal dose is established. […] Do not offer valproate to girls or young women of childbearing potential. If use cannot be avoided discuss risks and ensure that adequate contraception is being used. […] Valproate medicines (Epilim, Depakote) are contraindicated in women and girls of childbearing potential unless conditions of Pregnancy Prevention Programme are met. […] Not licensed for this indication but recommended by The Maudsley Prescribing Guidelines in Psychiatry (12th edition) and NICE CG185 KMPT valproate guideMedicines related to valproate: risk of abnormal pregnancy outcomes.

• #23 Prophylaxis and treatment of bipolar disorder in older adults | JPN

  https://www.jpn.ca/content/37/4/E7

  A 82-year-old man with bipolar disorder had been successfully treated with lithium (Li). […] In addition to Li, valproate and olanzapine can be used to treat bipolar disorder in adults, although Li as monotherapy or combined with valproate is more effective than valproate alone. […] There is little evidence to support the use of alternative mood-stabilizing or antipsychotic agents in older adults with bipolar disorder, although valproate, carbamazepine, newer antipsychotics and lamotrigine have some evidence for efficacy. […] Lamotrigine may be most effective in prevention of bipolar depression rather than mania. […] This case represents the common dilemma of treating severe and enduring mental illness with medication that has side-effects affecting physical health. […] Without a straightforward solution, changing medication is likely worth the risk when there is evidence that alternative treatments may be effective.

• #24 Prophylaxis and treatment of bipolar disorder in older adults

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3380100/

  A 82-year-old man with bipolar disorder had been successfully treated with lithium (Li). […] In addition to Li, valproate and olanzapine can be used to treat bipolar disorder in adults, although Li as monotherapy or combined with valproate is more effective than valproate alone. […] There is little evidence to support the use of alternative mood-stabilizing or antipsychotic agents in older adults with bipolar disorder, although valproate, carbamazepine, newer antipsychotics and lamotrigine have some evidence for efficacy. […] Lamotrigine may be most effective in prevention of bipolar depression rather than mania. […] This case represents the common dilemma of treating severe and enduring mental illness with medication that has side-effects affecting physical health. […] There is a risk that failing to review or change medication may leave patients with serious and sometimes life-threatening physical side-effects. […] Without a straightforward solution, changing medication is likely worth the risk when there is evidence that alternative treatments may be effective.

• #25 Bipolar depression: a major unsolved challenge | International Journal of Bipolar Disorders | Full Text

  https://journalbipolardisorders.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s40345-019-0160-1

  Depression in bipolar disorder (BD) patients presents major clinical challenges. […] Treatment of bipolar depression is far less well investigated than unipolar depression, particularly for long-term prophylaxis. […] Evidence is emerging of short-term efficacy of several modern antipsychotics (including cariprazine, lurasidone, olanzapine-fluoxetine, and quetiapine) for bipolar depression, including with mixed features, though they risk adverse metabolic and neurological effects. […] As noted, depressive, dysthymic, and mixed states account for the majority of illness-burden in BD, and are strongly predicted by initial depressive, mixed, or anxious episodes. […] Nevertheless, there is a striking paucity of therapeutic experimentation and inconsistent findings, despite more than a half-century of use of antidepressant drugs to treat depression, with particularly serious gaps regarding dysthymia and dysphoria, mixed features, and long-term prophylaxis for bipolar depression.

• #26 Bipolar Prophylaxis

  https://www.kmptformulary.nhs.uk/therapeutic-sections/bipolar-affective-disorder/bipolar-prophylaxis/

  Combinations of mood stabilisers or a mood stabiliser and an antipsychotic are often required. […] There is evidence that where combination treatments are effective in mania or depression then continuation with the same combination provides optimal prophylaxis. […] Patients should be offered continuation with medications that were effective during a manic or depressive phase or a switch to lithium. […] Protects against mania and depression. […] Patients can be initiated on modified release formulation but all patients should be considered for a switched to immediate release once an optimal dose is established. […] Do not offer valproate to girls or young women of childbearing potential. If use cannot be avoided discuss risks and ensure that adequate contraception is being used. […] Valproate medicines (Epilim, Depakote) are contraindicated in women and girls of childbearing potential unless conditions of Pregnancy Prevention Programme are met. […] Not licensed for this indication but recommended by The Maudsley Prescribing Guidelines in Psychiatry (12th edition) and NICE CG185 KMPT valproate guideMedicines related to valproate: risk of abnormal pregnancy outcomes.

• #27 Bipolar Prophylaxis

  https://www.kmptformulary.nhs.uk/therapeutic-sections/bipolar-affective-disorder/bipolar-prophylaxis/

  Combinations of mood stabilisers or a mood stabiliser and an antipsychotic are often required. […] There is evidence that where combination treatments are effective in mania or depression then continuation with the same combination provides optimal prophylaxis. […] Patients should be offered continuation with medications that were effective during a manic or depressive phase or a switch to lithium. […] Protects against mania and depression. […] Patients can be initiated on modified release formulation but all patients should be considered for a switched to immediate release once an optimal dose is established. […] Do not offer valproate to girls or young women of childbearing potential. If use cannot be avoided discuss risks and ensure that adequate contraception is being used. […] Valproate medicines (Epilim, Depakote) are contraindicated in women and girls of childbearing potential unless conditions of Pregnancy Prevention Programme are met. […] Not licensed for this indication but recommended by The Maudsley Prescribing Guidelines in Psychiatry (12th edition) and NICE CG185 KMPT valproate guideMedicines related to valproate: risk of abnormal pregnancy outcomes.

• #28 Long-term prophylaxis in bipolar disorder – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16599648/

  Bipolar disorder is a major cause of disability, and the prevention of relapse is a key management goal. […] The use of medications for long-term prophylaxis should be considered in all patients meeting criteria for bipolar I disorder. […] Medications taken long-term in bipolar disorder differ in the extent to which they protect against manic and depressive relapse. […] Clinical care can be enhanced with effective education about the illness, and the use of strategies to improve treatment adherence and the recognition and management of stressors or prodromal symptoms. […] When discontinuation of prophylaxis is necessary, gradual tapering of dose over weeks or months is recommended.

• #29 Preventing Symptoms of Bipolar Disorder Depression & Mania

  https://www.webmd.com/bipolar-disorder/preventing-bipolar-disorder

  While bipolar disorder cannot be prevented, it’s important to be aware of early warning signs of an impending episode of bipolar depression or bipolar mania. Early recognition of bipolar warning signs and seeing your doctor regularly can allow you to monitor your mood and medications and keep illness from escalating. […] In fact, although treating bipolar disorder moods is critical, there is a convincing case supported by scientific studies that the prevention of further mood episodes should be the greatest goal. […] Taking prescribed medications and keeping doctor appointments are crucial to self-managing bipolar disorder and preventing serious episodes. […] Ongoing encouragement and support are needed after a person starts treatment. In fact, there are findings showing that the availability of social support systems increases the chances of employment in patients with bipolar disorder compared with those patients without support.

• #30 Bipolar disorder – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/bipolar-disorder/symptoms-causes/syc-20355955

  Stay away from drugs and alcohol. Drinking alcohol or taking street drugs can make your symptoms worse and make them more likely to come back. […] Take your medicines as directed. You may be tempted to stop treatment, but don’t. Stopping your medicine or lowering your dose on your own may cause withdrawal effects. Also, your symptoms may get worse or return.

• #31 Long-term prophylaxis in bipolar disorder – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16599648/

  Bipolar disorder is a major cause of disability, and the prevention of relapse is a key management goal. […] The use of medications for long-term prophylaxis should be considered in all patients meeting criteria for bipolar I disorder. […] Medications taken long-term in bipolar disorder differ in the extent to which they protect against manic and depressive relapse. […] Clinical care can be enhanced with effective education about the illness, and the use of strategies to improve treatment adherence and the recognition and management of stressors or prodromal symptoms. […] When discontinuation of prophylaxis is necessary, gradual tapering of dose over weeks or months is recommended.

• #32 Long-term prophylaxis in bipolar disorder – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16599648/

  Bipolar disorder is a major cause of disability, and the prevention of relapse is a key management goal. […] The use of medications for long-term prophylaxis should be considered in all patients meeting criteria for bipolar I disorder. […] Medications taken long-term in bipolar disorder differ in the extent to which they protect against manic and depressive relapse. […] Clinical care can be enhanced with effective education about the illness, and the use of strategies to improve treatment adherence and the recognition and management of stressors or prodromal symptoms. […] When discontinuation of prophylaxis is necessary, gradual tapering of dose over weeks or months is recommended.

• #33

  https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/bipolar-disorder

  Bipolar disorder is associated with significant disability and difficulties in many areas of life. […] There are a range of effective care options, which combine medicines and psychosocial interventions to help people with bipolar disorder stay well. […] Even though symptoms often recur, recovery is possible. With appropriate care, people with bipolar disorder can cope with their symptoms and live meaningful and productive lives. […] There are a range of effective treatment options, typically a mix of medicines and psychological and psychosocial interventions. […] People with bipolar disorder need treatment and care across acute episodes of mania and depression and when indicated, longer-term treatment to prevent relapse. […] Psychological interventions (e.g. cognitive behavioural therapy, interpersonal therapy, psychoeducation) can effectively reduce depressive symptoms and the possibility of them coming back.

• #34

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A:1005557911051

  Twenty-five (25) bipolar patients taking mood stabilizers and yet still relapsing were recruited into a randomized controlled pilot cognitive therapy study. […] The therapy group received between 12 and 20 sessions of cognitive therapy adapted for bipolar illness in addition to treatment as usual. Therapy consisted of a relapse prevention approach and lasted 6 months. […] Independent assessments showed that the therapy group had significantly fewer bipolar episodes, higher social functioning, and better coping strategies for bipolar prodromes. […] Furthermore, there was evidence of less fluctuation in symptoms of mania and depression, less hopelessness, and better medication compliance from subjects’ monthly self reports. […] There was no evidence that improvement in the therapy group was due to more medication being prescribed. […] In fact, there were significantly less neuroleptics being prescribed in the therapy group for the 6 months after therapy.

• #35 Finding Treatment for Bipolar Disorder

  https://www.rwjbh.org/treatment-care/mental-health-and-behavioral-health/conditions/bipolar-disorder-mood-disorders/

  Bipolar disorder treatment can also include lifestyle changes such as: […] Counseling, such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), family-focused therapy, and interpersonal and social rhythm therapy (IPSRT), can be effective in managing symptoms and preventing relapse. […] Individuals with bipolar disorder need to work closely with their health care providers to find the most effective treatment strategy for their specific symptoms and circumstances.

• #36 Finding Treatment for Bipolar Disorder

  https://www.rwjbh.org/treatment-care/mental-health-and-behavioral-health/conditions/bipolar-disorder-mood-disorders/

  Bipolar disorder treatment can also include lifestyle changes such as: […] Counseling, such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), family-focused therapy, and interpersonal and social rhythm therapy (IPSRT), can be effective in managing symptoms and preventing relapse. […] Individuals with bipolar disorder need to work closely with their health care providers to find the most effective treatment strategy for their specific symptoms and circumstances.

• #37 Prevention of Bipolar Disorder Episodes: Is It Possible?

  https://psychcentral.com/bipolar/prevention-of-bipolar-disorder

  A number of self-care strategies can help prevent bipolar disorder episodes, but first, its important to accept your symptoms and seek professional support, says Dr. Lee Phillps, a psychotherapist and certified sex and couples therapist in Virginia and New York. […] The most effective treatment for bipolar [disorder] is a combination of psychotherapy and medication management. […] While in therapy, says Phillips, you can build your coping skills to help prevent or lessen future episodes. […] Research from 2020 notes that regular movement can be helpful in managing symptoms, thanks to the release of neurotransmitters in your brain, says Phillips. […] Staying active can be helpful because it can help prevent a depressive episode. […] Research suggests that substance use may heighten some symptoms of bipolar disorder.

• #38 Prevention of Bipolar Disorder Episodes: Is It Possible?

  https://psychcentral.com/bipolar/prevention-of-bipolar-disorder

  A number of self-care strategies can help prevent bipolar disorder episodes, but first, its important to accept your symptoms and seek professional support, says Dr. Lee Phillps, a psychotherapist and certified sex and couples therapist in Virginia and New York. […] The most effective treatment for bipolar [disorder] is a combination of psychotherapy and medication management. […] While in therapy, says Phillips, you can build your coping skills to help prevent or lessen future episodes. […] Research from 2020 notes that regular movement can be helpful in managing symptoms, thanks to the release of neurotransmitters in your brain, says Phillips. […] Staying active can be helpful because it can help prevent a depressive episode. […] Research suggests that substance use may heighten some symptoms of bipolar disorder.

• #39 Enhanced relapse prevention for bipolar disorder: a qualitative investigation of value perceived for service users and care coordinators | Implementation Science | Full Text

  https://implementationscience.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1748-5908-4-4

  Enhanced relapse prevention (ERP) is a psychological intervention delivered by mental health professionals to help individuals with bipolar disorder (BD) recognise and manage early warning signs for mania and depression. […] The aim of this study is to determine what values of ERP are perceived by service users (SUs) and mental health professionals (care coordinators, CCs) providing community case management. […] CCs and SUs perceive similar value in early warning signs interventions to prevent relapse, and these have particular benefits to them. […] The ERP intervention increased perceived knowledge of BD for both SUs and CCs. […] CCs perceived their previous knowledge was limited and few had received any formal training specific to BD. […] Value was placed on the six-session training given to CCs prior to commencement of implementing the intervention because it seemingly filled a knowledge deficit.

• #40 Enhanced relapse prevention for bipolar disorder: a qualitative investigation of value perceived for service users and care coordinators | Implementation Science | Full Text

  https://implementationscience.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1748-5908-4-4

  Enhanced relapse prevention (ERP) is a psychological intervention delivered by mental health professionals to help individuals with bipolar disorder (BD) recognise and manage early warning signs for mania and depression. […] The aim of this study is to determine what values of ERP are perceived by service users (SUs) and mental health professionals (care coordinators, CCs) providing community case management. […] CCs and SUs perceive similar value in early warning signs interventions to prevent relapse, and these have particular benefits to them. […] The ERP intervention increased perceived knowledge of BD for both SUs and CCs. […] CCs perceived their previous knowledge was limited and few had received any formal training specific to BD. […] Value was placed on the six-session training given to CCs prior to commencement of implementing the intervention because it seemingly filled a knowledge deficit.

• #41 Enhanced relapse prevention for bipolar disorder: a qualitative investigation of value perceived for service users and care coordinators | Implementation Science | Full Text

  https://implementationscience.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1748-5908-4-4

  An element that some SUs identified as valuable was feeling they could now 'face’ the illness without fear, realising they are not alone in suffering from BD. […] An element of the intervention that was particularly valued was creating a timeline, charting past manic and depressive episodes. […] CCs valued the structure and focus of ERP as it gave them a sense of purpose. […] CCs liked that the action plan was 'much more personal and appropriate to that one individual’ as well as being more concise. […] Respondents described how increased awareness of triggers, early warning signs, and coping strategies had changed behaviour, particularly medication adherence. […] Both SUs and CCs described this in terms of empowering for SUs. […] SUs responded to early warning signs more quickly, contacting services earlier, more appropriately, and at a point where relapse prevention was possible.

• #42 Enhanced relapse prevention for bipolar disorder: a qualitative investigation of value perceived for service users and care coordinators | Implementation Science | Full Text

  https://implementationscience.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1748-5908-4-4

  An element that some SUs identified as valuable was feeling they could now 'face’ the illness without fear, realising they are not alone in suffering from BD. […] An element of the intervention that was particularly valued was creating a timeline, charting past manic and depressive episodes. […] CCs valued the structure and focus of ERP as it gave them a sense of purpose. […] CCs liked that the action plan was 'much more personal and appropriate to that one individual’ as well as being more concise. […] Respondents described how increased awareness of triggers, early warning signs, and coping strategies had changed behaviour, particularly medication adherence. […] Both SUs and CCs described this in terms of empowering for SUs. […] SUs responded to early warning signs more quickly, contacting services earlier, more appropriately, and at a point where relapse prevention was possible.

• #43 Enhanced relapse prevention for bipolar disorder: a qualitative investigation of value perceived for service users and care coordinators | Implementation Science | Full Text

  https://implementationscience.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1748-5908-4-4

  An element that some SUs identified as valuable was feeling they could now 'face’ the illness without fear, realising they are not alone in suffering from BD. […] An element of the intervention that was particularly valued was creating a timeline, charting past manic and depressive episodes. […] CCs valued the structure and focus of ERP as it gave them a sense of purpose. […] CCs liked that the action plan was 'much more personal and appropriate to that one individual’ as well as being more concise. […] Respondents described how increased awareness of triggers, early warning signs, and coping strategies had changed behaviour, particularly medication adherence. […] Both SUs and CCs described this in terms of empowering for SUs. […] SUs responded to early warning signs more quickly, contacting services earlier, more appropriately, and at a point where relapse prevention was possible.

• #44 Enhanced relapse prevention for bipolar disorder: a qualitative investigation of value perceived for service users and care coordinators | Implementation Science | Full Text

  https://implementationscience.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1748-5908-4-4

  An element that some SUs identified as valuable was feeling they could now 'face’ the illness without fear, realising they are not alone in suffering from BD. […] An element of the intervention that was particularly valued was creating a timeline, charting past manic and depressive episodes. […] CCs valued the structure and focus of ERP as it gave them a sense of purpose. […] CCs liked that the action plan was 'much more personal and appropriate to that one individual’ as well as being more concise. […] Respondents described how increased awareness of triggers, early warning signs, and coping strategies had changed behaviour, particularly medication adherence. […] Both SUs and CCs described this in terms of empowering for SUs. […] SUs responded to early warning signs more quickly, contacting services earlier, more appropriately, and at a point where relapse prevention was possible.

• #45

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=ty6584

  If you have bipolar disorder, there are some things you can do to help prevent a manic episode. These include: […] Learn the early warning signs of a manic episode. Watch for signs like needing less sleep and feeling happier or grouchier than usual. […] Keep track of your mood every day. After you know your early warning signs, check your mood each day to see if you may be heading for a mood swing. […] Keep a stable sleep pattern. Go to bed about the same time each night, and wake up around the same time each morning. […] Stay on a daily routine. Plan your day around a good routine. […] Don’t use alcohol or drugs. It may be tempting to use alcohol or drugs to help you get through a manic episode. […] Get help from family and friends. You may need help from your family or friends during a manic episode. […] Reduce stress at home and at work. Try to keep regular hours at work or at school. […] Keep getting treatment and counselling. It can be tempting to stop treatment during a manic episode because the symptoms feel good. But it’s important to keep getting treatment as prescribed.

• #46 Bipolar disorder – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/bipolar-disorder/symptoms-causes/syc-20355955

  There’s no sure way to prevent bipolar disorder. But getting treated as soon as you notice a mental health disorder can help stop bipolar disorder or other mental health conditions from getting worse. […] If you’ve been diagnosed with bipolar disorder, here are some ways you can stop minor symptoms from becoming full-blown episodes of mania or depression: […] Pay attention to warning signs. Talking with your care team about symptoms early on can stop episodes from getting worse. You may have found a pattern to your bipolar episodes and what causes them. Call your healthcare professional or mental health professional if you feel you’re starting to have an episode of depression or mania. Ask your family members or friends to watch for warning signs. […] Get enough sleep. Sleep disruptions often cause bipolar instability.

• #47

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=ty6584

  If you have bipolar disorder, there are some things you can do to help prevent a manic episode. These include: […] Learn the early warning signs of a manic episode. Watch for signs like needing less sleep and feeling happier or grouchier than usual. […] Keep track of your mood every day. After you know your early warning signs, check your mood each day to see if you may be heading for a mood swing. […] Keep a stable sleep pattern. Go to bed about the same time each night, and wake up around the same time each morning. […] Stay on a daily routine. Plan your day around a good routine. […] Don’t use alcohol or drugs. It may be tempting to use alcohol or drugs to help you get through a manic episode. […] Get help from family and friends. You may need help from your family or friends during a manic episode. […] Reduce stress at home and at work. Try to keep regular hours at work or at school. […] Keep getting treatment and counselling. It can be tempting to stop treatment during a manic episode because the symptoms feel good. But it’s important to keep getting treatment as prescribed.

• #48 Bipolar disorder – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/bipolar-disorder/symptoms-causes/syc-20355955

  Stay away from drugs and alcohol. Drinking alcohol or taking street drugs can make your symptoms worse and make them more likely to come back. […] Take your medicines as directed. You may be tempted to stop treatment, but don’t. Stopping your medicine or lowering your dose on your own may cause withdrawal effects. Also, your symptoms may get worse or return.

• #49

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=ty6584

  If you have bipolar disorder, there are some things you can do to help prevent a manic episode. These include: […] Learn the early warning signs of a manic episode. Watch for signs like needing less sleep and feeling happier or grouchier than usual. […] Keep track of your mood every day. After you know your early warning signs, check your mood each day to see if you may be heading for a mood swing. […] Keep a stable sleep pattern. Go to bed about the same time each night, and wake up around the same time each morning. […] Stay on a daily routine. Plan your day around a good routine. […] Don’t use alcohol or drugs. It may be tempting to use alcohol or drugs to help you get through a manic episode. […] Get help from family and friends. You may need help from your family or friends during a manic episode. […] Reduce stress at home and at work. Try to keep regular hours at work or at school. […] Keep getting treatment and counselling. It can be tempting to stop treatment during a manic episode because the symptoms feel good. But it’s important to keep getting treatment as prescribed.

• #50 Prevention of Bipolar Disorder Episodes: Is It Possible?

  https://psychcentral.com/bipolar/prevention-of-bipolar-disorder

  A number of self-care strategies can help prevent bipolar disorder episodes, but first, its important to accept your symptoms and seek professional support, says Dr. Lee Phillps, a psychotherapist and certified sex and couples therapist in Virginia and New York. […] The most effective treatment for bipolar [disorder] is a combination of psychotherapy and medication management. […] While in therapy, says Phillips, you can build your coping skills to help prevent or lessen future episodes. […] Research from 2020 notes that regular movement can be helpful in managing symptoms, thanks to the release of neurotransmitters in your brain, says Phillips. […] Staying active can be helpful because it can help prevent a depressive episode. […] Research suggests that substance use may heighten some symptoms of bipolar disorder.

• #51 Prevention of Bipolar Disorder Episodes: Is It Possible?

  https://psychcentral.com/bipolar/prevention-of-bipolar-disorder

  A growing body of evidence suggests that a healthy diet of whole foods plays an important role in preventive maintenance, says Johnson. […] A medication regime may be effective in preventing some bipolar symptoms. […] Current research shows that combining certain types of medications can help prevent the onset of more severe symptoms, like hospitalizations during mania, or suicidal thoughts during a depression episode. […] While there may be no way to prevent manic or depressive episodes 100% of the time, there are some supportive practices that may help, like keeping a regular routine, getting enough sleep, and balancing your nutrition, among other strategies.

• #52 Beat the Bipolar Beast: Management Strategies for Successful Bipolar Disorder Relapse Prevention – International Bipolar Foundation

  https://ibpf.org/beat-the-bipolar-beast-management-strategies-for-successful-bipolar-disorder-relapse-prevention/

  Social connection: Getting support from other people and maintaining social connections provides protection against relapse. […] Forgiveness: If you have bipolar disorder, youve undoubtedly been through your share of difficulties and have probably been hurt along the way. Research shows that the practice of forgiveness is connected with mental health. […] Undoing the effects of trauma: Many people with bipolar disorder have a history of trauma, and many have a co-occurring diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Unresolved trauma is another vulnerability that can thwart your recovery. […] Lifestyle changes: Based on the list of common triggers I gave in my last post, there might be lifestyle changes you can make as prevention strategies. […] Using management strategies to tackle bipolar disorder has three parts: Identifying which management strategies work for you, Using prevention strategies on an ongoing basis, Applying timely intervention strategies when needed.

• #53 Enhanced relapse prevention for bipolar disorder: a qualitative investigation of value perceived for service users and care coordinators | Implementation Science | Full Text

  https://implementationscience.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1748-5908-4-4

  An element that some SUs identified as valuable was feeling they could now 'face’ the illness without fear, realising they are not alone in suffering from BD. […] An element of the intervention that was particularly valued was creating a timeline, charting past manic and depressive episodes. […] CCs valued the structure and focus of ERP as it gave them a sense of purpose. […] CCs liked that the action plan was 'much more personal and appropriate to that one individual’ as well as being more concise. […] Respondents described how increased awareness of triggers, early warning signs, and coping strategies had changed behaviour, particularly medication adherence. […] Both SUs and CCs described this in terms of empowering for SUs. […] SUs responded to early warning signs more quickly, contacting services earlier, more appropriately, and at a point where relapse prevention was possible.

• #54 Bipolar

  https://www.cci.health.wa.gov.au/resources/looking-after-yourself/bipolar

  Coping with Bipolar Disorder: This information package is designed to provide you with some information about bipolar disorder and suggested strategies for how you can manage your mood. […] This module describes how to monitor symptoms, how to identify early warning signs, and how to develop a plan of action to prevent future relapses. […] This module describes how to increase activity levels, particularly fun activities. […] This module explores the cognitive changes that occur in mania and how to use a balance sheet to examine unhelpful thoughts that occur during mania. […] Module 7 describes behavioural strategies to incorporate into early intervention plans, such as developing a weekly activity schedule, as well as organising and prioritising ideas. […] It also describes how to summarise the strategies learned from other modules to develop a self management plan. […] Having a regular sleep routine can play an important role in managing Bipolar Disorder. If you have difficulties with sleep, you might find our sleep resources helpful.

• #55 Beat the Bipolar Beast: Management Strategies for Successful Bipolar Disorder Relapse Prevention – International Bipolar Foundation

  https://ibpf.org/beat-the-bipolar-beast-management-strategies-for-successful-bipolar-disorder-relapse-prevention/

  Timely intervention strategies empower you to fend off the beast when you need to. Examples include: Taking prescribed as needed medication in accordance with your prescribers recommendations (e.g., for sleep or severe anxiety), Getting some extra rest and relaxation, Getting some extra exercise, Calling a friend or family member for support, or your mental health provider for advice. […] Because bipolar disorder is a complex condition involving body, mind, and spirit, theres a vast arsenal of tools to tackle it. […] Skills: As I mentioned in my last post, deficits in skills such as communication, decision making, and problem solving can be vulnerabilities that make you more susceptible to being triggered. Learning these and other skills can help you overcome vulnerabilities and stand strong.

• #56 Coping with Mania: Tips, Recovery, and Prevention

  https://www.healthline.com/health/bipolar-disorder/mania

  Bipolar disorder can cause you to experience episodes of extreme highs (mania) and extreme lows (depression). […] Healthcare professionals typically treat acute manic episodes with medications known as antipsychotics. These drugs can reduce manic symptoms more quickly than mood stabilizers. However, long-term treatment with mood stabilizers can help prevent future manic episodes. […] Following a manic episode, many people gain insight into what may lead to their episodes. […] Keeping yourself on a routine as much as possible can help reduce manic episodes. But keep in mind that it wont prevent them altogether. […] A wellness recovery action plan (WRAP) helps you account for important decisions and contact people you may need if you get into a crisis. […] While no one likes to think about manic episodes, its important to be aware of them and seek support in advance.

• #57

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=ty6584

  If you have bipolar disorder, there are some things you can do to help prevent a manic episode. These include: […] Learn the early warning signs of a manic episode. Watch for signs like needing less sleep and feeling happier or grouchier than usual. […] Keep track of your mood every day. After you know your early warning signs, check your mood each day to see if you may be heading for a mood swing. […] Keep a stable sleep pattern. Go to bed about the same time each night, and wake up around the same time each morning. […] Stay on a daily routine. Plan your day around a good routine. […] Don’t use alcohol or drugs. It may be tempting to use alcohol or drugs to help you get through a manic episode. […] Get help from family and friends. You may need help from your family or friends during a manic episode. […] Reduce stress at home and at work. Try to keep regular hours at work or at school. […] Keep getting treatment and counselling. It can be tempting to stop treatment during a manic episode because the symptoms feel good. But it’s important to keep getting treatment as prescribed.

• #58 Coping with Mania: Tips, Recovery, and Prevention

  https://www.healthline.com/health/bipolar-disorder/mania

  Bipolar disorder can cause you to experience episodes of extreme highs (mania) and extreme lows (depression). […] Healthcare professionals typically treat acute manic episodes with medications known as antipsychotics. These drugs can reduce manic symptoms more quickly than mood stabilizers. However, long-term treatment with mood stabilizers can help prevent future manic episodes. […] Following a manic episode, many people gain insight into what may lead to their episodes. […] Keeping yourself on a routine as much as possible can help reduce manic episodes. But keep in mind that it wont prevent them altogether. […] A wellness recovery action plan (WRAP) helps you account for important decisions and contact people you may need if you get into a crisis. […] While no one likes to think about manic episodes, its important to be aware of them and seek support in advance.

• #59 Beat the Bipolar Beast: Management Strategies for Successful Bipolar Disorder Relapse Prevention – International Bipolar Foundation

  https://ibpf.org/beat-the-bipolar-beast-management-strategies-for-successful-bipolar-disorder-relapse-prevention/

  Other people can be allies in beating the beast. […] Bipolar disorder is an illness that needs to be managed continuously so you have to keep on your toes. Fighting the beast requires you to cope with, prepare for, or recover from early warning signs and triggers on an ongoing basis which I call practicing CPR. […] By implementing the relapse prevention methods Ive covered in this series, you can minimize future relapses and develop a high level of recovery.

• #60 Preventing Symptoms of Bipolar Disorder Depression & Mania

  https://www.webmd.com/bipolar-disorder/preventing-bipolar-disorder

  While bipolar disorder cannot be prevented, it’s important to be aware of early warning signs of an impending episode of bipolar depression or bipolar mania. Early recognition of bipolar warning signs and seeing your doctor regularly can allow you to monitor your mood and medications and keep illness from escalating. […] In fact, although treating bipolar disorder moods is critical, there is a convincing case supported by scientific studies that the prevention of further mood episodes should be the greatest goal. […] Taking prescribed medications and keeping doctor appointments are crucial to self-managing bipolar disorder and preventing serious episodes. […] Ongoing encouragement and support are needed after a person starts treatment. In fact, there are findings showing that the availability of social support systems increases the chances of employment in patients with bipolar disorder compared with those patients without support.

• #61 Beat the Bipolar Beast: Management Strategies for Successful Bipolar Disorder Relapse Prevention – International Bipolar Foundation

  https://ibpf.org/beat-the-bipolar-beast-management-strategies-for-successful-bipolar-disorder-relapse-prevention/

  Other people can be allies in beating the beast. […] Bipolar disorder is an illness that needs to be managed continuously so you have to keep on your toes. Fighting the beast requires you to cope with, prepare for, or recover from early warning signs and triggers on an ongoing basis which I call practicing CPR. […] By implementing the relapse prevention methods Ive covered in this series, you can minimize future relapses and develop a high level of recovery.

• #62 Enhanced relapse prevention for bipolar disorder: a qualitative investigation of value perceived for service users and care coordinators | Implementation Science | Full Text

  https://implementationscience.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1748-5908-4-4

  Another set of values identified by both CCs and SUs related to an improved relationship between SUs and CCs and the mental health service. […] Improved relationships and trust was reported to influence help-seeking behaviour and increase contact with service providers when support is needed. […] The intervention was reported to provide a greater understanding of BD and developed ways of working with and managing BD in terms of skills and confidence in dealing with the early stages of acute episodes, and by enhancing the working relationships between CC and SU.

• #63 Enhanced relapse prevention for bipolar disorder: a qualitative investigation of value perceived for service users and care coordinators | Implementation Science | Full Text

  https://implementationscience.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1748-5908-4-4

  Another set of values identified by both CCs and SUs related to an improved relationship between SUs and CCs and the mental health service. […] Improved relationships and trust was reported to influence help-seeking behaviour and increase contact with service providers when support is needed. […] The intervention was reported to provide a greater understanding of BD and developed ways of working with and managing BD in terms of skills and confidence in dealing with the early stages of acute episodes, and by enhancing the working relationships between CC and SU.

• #64 Prevention of bipolar disorder in at-risk children: Theoretical assumptions and empirical foundations | Development and Psychopathology | Cambridge Core

  https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/development-and-psychopathology/article/prevention-of-bipolar-disorder-in-atrisk-children-theoretical-assumptions-and-empirical-foundations/7E5EA6679D7E5BA5CF2D371391532A38

  This article examines how bipolar symptoms emerge during development, and the potential role of psychosocial and pharmacological interventions in the prevention of the onset of the disorder. […] A preventative family-focused treatment for children with (a) at least one first-degree relative with bipolar disorder and (b) subsyndromal signs of bipolar disorder is described. […] This model attempts to address the multiple interactions of psychosocial and biological risk factors in the onset and course of bipolar disorder.

• #65 Prevention of bipolar disorder in at-risk children: Theoretical assumptions and empirical foundations | Development and Psychopathology | Cambridge Core

  https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/development-and-psychopathology/article/prevention-of-bipolar-disorder-in-atrisk-children-theoretical-assumptions-and-empirical-foundations/7E5EA6679D7E5BA5CF2D371391532A38

  This article examines how bipolar symptoms emerge during development, and the potential role of psychosocial and pharmacological interventions in the prevention of the onset of the disorder. […] A preventative family-focused treatment for children with (a) at least one first-degree relative with bipolar disorder and (b) subsyndromal signs of bipolar disorder is described. […] This model attempts to address the multiple interactions of psychosocial and biological risk factors in the onset and course of bipolar disorder.

• #66

  https://experts.mcmaster.ca/display/publication1914217

  BACKGROUND: Despite the well-documented negative impact of untreated bipolar illness, approaches to early intervention in childhood-onset bipolar and related disorders are not well delineated. […] A panoply of approaches have been described, but most interventions are based on an inadequate database to support their routine implementation. […] Early stage interventions have the potential to improve functioning in prodromal illness and exert long-term positive effects on the course of illness. Many of the safest interventions deserve consideration for implementation and dissemination studies.

• #67 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/news/20220908/Study-highlights-the-possibility-of-earlier-intervention-prevention-of-schizophrenia-and-bipolar-disorder.aspx

  The risk of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder may be detectable years before the illnesses begin, according to new research. […] Our findings show that half of individuals who develop these illnesses had come to CAMHS at some stage in childhood, typically many years before they developed schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. […] We know that early intervention is key to improving outcomes for people with serious mental illness. These findings demonstrate the enormous opportunities to provide far earlier intervention, even while still in childhood, by developing specialist early intervention services within existing child and adolescent mental health services. […] Early intervention, however, is known to lead to better outcomes for people affected by these illnesses. […] These findings highlight the possibility of intervening far earlier than we do at present, even in childhood and adolescence, to prevent these serious mental illnesses from emerging.

• #68 Bipolar disorder: new perspectives in health care and prevention

  https://inserm.hal.science/file/index/docid/567373/filename/index.xhtml

  Bipolar disorder: new perspectives in health care and prevention […] Despite the recognition that long term outcome of bipolar disorder depends on systematic assessment of both inter-episodic dysfunctional domains and comorbid psychiatric and medical conditions, treatment of bipolar disorder still mostly focuses primarily on alleviation of acute symptoms and prevention of future recurrences. […] This new comprehensive framework should guide the search to identify biomarkers and etiological factors and should help design a new policy for health care including prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and training. […] Thus, abnormal socio-emotional regulation should be viewed as an integral part of bipolar disorder, be systematically assessed, and be the target of specific therapeutic strategies, yet to be developed, in order to delay or prevent episode relapses.

• #69 Medical comorbidities in bipolar disorder (BIPCOM): clinical validation of risk factors and biomarkers to improve prevention and treatment. Study protocol | International Journal of Bipolar Disorders | Full Text

  https://journalbipolardisorders.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s40345-024-00337-8

  BIPCOM aims to (1) identify medical comorbidities in people with bipolar disorder (BD); (2) examine risk factors and clinical profiles of Medical Comorbidities (MC) in this clinical group, with a special focus on Metabolic Syndrome (MetS); (3) develop a Clinical Support Tool (CST) for the personalized management of BD and medical comorbidities. […] BIPCOM’s data collection will pave the way for tailored treatment and prevention approaches for individuals with BD. This approach has the potential to generate significant healthcare savings by preventing complications, hospitalizations, and emergency visits related to comorbidities and cardiovascular risks in BD. […] The BIPCOM project aims to enhance personalized treatment for comorbid medical conditions, including MetS, in individuals with BD.

• #70 Medical comorbidities in bipolar disorder (BIPCOM): clinical validation of risk factors and biomarkers to improve prevention and treatment. Study protocol | International Journal of Bipolar Disorders | Full Text

  https://journalbipolardisorders.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s40345-024-00337-8

  The project’s primary outcome is the CST, a risk calculator designed to enhance prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of comorbidities in Patients with BD. […] The study results will have significant implications for enhancing prevention, early detection, and effective treatment of comorbidities in individuals with BD.

• #71 Bipolar disorder – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bipolar_disorder

  Attempts at prevention of bipolar disorder have focused on stress (such as childhood adversity or highly conflictual families) which, although not a diagnostically specific causal agent for bipolar, does place genetically and biologically vulnerable individuals at risk for a more severe course of illness. […] Longitudinal studies have indicated that full-blown manic stages are often preceded by a variety of prodromal clinical features, providing support for the occurrence of an at-risk state of the disorder when an early intervention might prevent its further development and/or improve its outcome.

• #72 Bipolar disorder – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bipolar_disorder

  Attempts at prevention of bipolar disorder have focused on stress (such as childhood adversity or highly conflictual families) which, although not a diagnostically specific causal agent for bipolar, does place genetically and biologically vulnerable individuals at risk for a more severe course of illness. […] Longitudinal studies have indicated that full-blown manic stages are often preceded by a variety of prodromal clinical features, providing support for the occurrence of an at-risk state of the disorder when an early intervention might prevent its further development and/or improve its outcome.

• #73 [2307.00995] Towards Suicide Prevention from Bipolar Disorder with Temporal Symptom-Aware Multitask Learning

  https://arxiv.org/abs/2307.00995

  Bipolar disorder (BD) is closely associated with an increased risk of suicide. […] Therefore, this study proposes a multi-task learning model for predicting the future suicidality of BD patients by jointly learning current symptoms. […] In addition, the proposed temporal symptom-aware attention provides interpretable attention weights, helping clinicians to apprehend BD patients more comprehensively and to provide timely intervention by tracking mental state progression.

• #74 Bipolar disorder: new perspectives in health care and prevention

  https://inserm.hal.science/file/index/docid/567373/filename/index.xhtml

  Thus, sleep disruption and circadian rhythm disturbance abnormalities should both be systematically assessed during the course of the illness and treated to prevent future relapses. […] To better treat individuals with bipolar disorder and prevent relapses, emotional dysregulation, sleep/circadian disturbances, and cognitive functions need to be regularly assessed along the life cycle in order to plan specific and personalized treatments. […] We thus propose here the basis for building a combination of psychosocial interventions tailored to the needs of each patient, assessed while euthymic, and provided at any given point during the trajectory of their disorder. […] Identification of these risk factors should be performed early in the course of bipolar disorder as it is noteworthy that the increase in mortality is most prominent in the first 10 years after admission for a mood episode. […] Preventing and treating obesity in bipolar disorder patients could thus decrease the morbidity and mortality related to physical illness and possibly improve the course of bipolar illness. […] The organization of mental health and medical care services should better serve the needs of patients.

• #75 Bipolar disorder: new perspectives in health care and prevention

  https://inserm.hal.science/file/index/docid/567373/filename/index.xhtml

  Thus, sleep disruption and circadian rhythm disturbance abnormalities should both be systematically assessed during the course of the illness and treated to prevent future relapses. […] To better treat individuals with bipolar disorder and prevent relapses, emotional dysregulation, sleep/circadian disturbances, and cognitive functions need to be regularly assessed along the life cycle in order to plan specific and personalized treatments. […] We thus propose here the basis for building a combination of psychosocial interventions tailored to the needs of each patient, assessed while euthymic, and provided at any given point during the trajectory of their disorder. […] Identification of these risk factors should be performed early in the course of bipolar disorder as it is noteworthy that the increase in mortality is most prominent in the first 10 years after admission for a mood episode. […] Preventing and treating obesity in bipolar disorder patients could thus decrease the morbidity and mortality related to physical illness and possibly improve the course of bipolar illness. […] The organization of mental health and medical care services should better serve the needs of patients.

• #76 Bipolar disorder: new perspectives in health care and prevention

  https://inserm.hal.science/file/index/docid/567373/filename/index.xhtml

  Thus, sleep disruption and circadian rhythm disturbance abnormalities should both be systematically assessed during the course of the illness and treated to prevent future relapses. […] To better treat individuals with bipolar disorder and prevent relapses, emotional dysregulation, sleep/circadian disturbances, and cognitive functions need to be regularly assessed along the life cycle in order to plan specific and personalized treatments. […] We thus propose here the basis for building a combination of psychosocial interventions tailored to the needs of each patient, assessed while euthymic, and provided at any given point during the trajectory of their disorder. […] Identification of these risk factors should be performed early in the course of bipolar disorder as it is noteworthy that the increase in mortality is most prominent in the first 10 years after admission for a mood episode. […] Preventing and treating obesity in bipolar disorder patients could thus decrease the morbidity and mortality related to physical illness and possibly improve the course of bipolar illness. […] The organization of mental health and medical care services should better serve the needs of patients.

• #77 Bipolar disorder: new perspectives in health care and prevention

  https://inserm.hal.science/file/index/docid/567373/filename/index.xhtml

  Thus, sleep disruption and circadian rhythm disturbance abnormalities should both be systematically assessed during the course of the illness and treated to prevent future relapses. […] To better treat individuals with bipolar disorder and prevent relapses, emotional dysregulation, sleep/circadian disturbances, and cognitive functions need to be regularly assessed along the life cycle in order to plan specific and personalized treatments. […] We thus propose here the basis for building a combination of psychosocial interventions tailored to the needs of each patient, assessed while euthymic, and provided at any given point during the trajectory of their disorder. […] Identification of these risk factors should be performed early in the course of bipolar disorder as it is noteworthy that the increase in mortality is most prominent in the first 10 years after admission for a mood episode. […] Preventing and treating obesity in bipolar disorder patients could thus decrease the morbidity and mortality related to physical illness and possibly improve the course of bipolar illness. […] The organization of mental health and medical care services should better serve the needs of patients.

• #78 Maintenance treatment in bipolar disorder: What do guidelines recommend?

  https://psychiatry-psychopharmacology.com/en/maintenance-treatment-in-bipolar-disorder-what-do-guidelines-recommend-132865

  Bipolar disorder is a serious mental illness presenting with exacerbations and remissions. Relapses should be minimized and that is achieved by preventive treatments. […] This guidelines recommend preventive treatment after one manic episode. The main goals of treatment are to prevent relapse, resolve subclinical residual symptoms, and to decrease suicide risk. […] Lifelong maintenance treatment is recommended if patients had 2 manic episodes or one manic episode with positive family history, or the acute episode was very severe. […] They recommend continuation of treatment, which was effective in acute phase except in divalproex monotherapy and predominantly depressive cases. […] According to this guideline lithium is the first choice and second choice medications include valproate, olanzapine, carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, and lamotrigine.

• #79 Maintenance treatment in bipolar disorder: What do guidelines recommend?

  https://psychiatry-psychopharmacology.com/en/maintenance-treatment-in-bipolar-disorder-what-do-guidelines-recommend-132865

  Bipolar disorder is a serious mental illness presenting with exacerbations and remissions. Relapses should be minimized and that is achieved by preventive treatments. […] This guidelines recommend preventive treatment after one manic episode. The main goals of treatment are to prevent relapse, resolve subclinical residual symptoms, and to decrease suicide risk. […] Lifelong maintenance treatment is recommended if patients had 2 manic episodes or one manic episode with positive family history, or the acute episode was very severe. […] They recommend continuation of treatment, which was effective in acute phase except in divalproex monotherapy and predominantly depressive cases. […] According to this guideline lithium is the first choice and second choice medications include valproate, olanzapine, carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, and lamotrigine.

• #80 Maintenance treatment in bipolar disorder: What do guidelines recommend?

  https://psychiatry-psychopharmacology.com/en/maintenance-treatment-in-bipolar-disorder-what-do-guidelines-recommend-132865

  Bipolar disorder is a serious mental illness presenting with exacerbations and remissions. Relapses should be minimized and that is achieved by preventive treatments. […] This guidelines recommend preventive treatment after one manic episode. The main goals of treatment are to prevent relapse, resolve subclinical residual symptoms, and to decrease suicide risk. […] Lifelong maintenance treatment is recommended if patients had 2 manic episodes or one manic episode with positive family history, or the acute episode was very severe. […] They recommend continuation of treatment, which was effective in acute phase except in divalproex monotherapy and predominantly depressive cases. […] According to this guideline lithium is the first choice and second choice medications include valproate, olanzapine, carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, and lamotrigine.

• #81 Maintenance treatment in bipolar disorder: What do guidelines recommend?

  https://psychiatry-psychopharmacology.com/en/maintenance-treatment-in-bipolar-disorder-what-do-guidelines-recommend-132865

  Bipolar disorder is a serious mental illness presenting with exacerbations and remissions. Relapses should be minimized and that is achieved by preventive treatments. […] This guidelines recommend preventive treatment after one manic episode. The main goals of treatment are to prevent relapse, resolve subclinical residual symptoms, and to decrease suicide risk. […] Lifelong maintenance treatment is recommended if patients had 2 manic episodes or one manic episode with positive family history, or the acute episode was very severe. […] They recommend continuation of treatment, which was effective in acute phase except in divalproex monotherapy and predominantly depressive cases. […] According to this guideline lithium is the first choice and second choice medications include valproate, olanzapine, carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, and lamotrigine.

• #82

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=ty6584

  If you have bipolar disorder, there are some things you can do to help prevent a manic episode. These include: […] Learn the early warning signs of a manic episode. Watch for signs like needing less sleep and feeling happier or grouchier than usual. […] Keep track of your mood every day. After you know your early warning signs, check your mood each day to see if you may be heading for a mood swing. […] Keep a stable sleep pattern. Go to bed about the same time each night, and wake up around the same time each morning. […] Stay on a daily routine. Plan your day around a good routine. […] Don’t use alcohol or drugs. It may be tempting to use alcohol or drugs to help you get through a manic episode. […] Get help from family and friends. You may need help from your family or friends during a manic episode. […] Reduce stress at home and at work. Try to keep regular hours at work or at school. […] Keep getting treatment and counselling. It can be tempting to stop treatment during a manic episode because the symptoms feel good. But it’s important to keep getting treatment as prescribed.

• #83

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=ty6584

  If you have bipolar disorder, there are some things you can do to help prevent a manic episode. These include: […] Learn the early warning signs of a manic episode. Watch for signs like needing less sleep and feeling happier or grouchier than usual. […] Keep track of your mood every day. After you know your early warning signs, check your mood each day to see if you may be heading for a mood swing. […] Keep a stable sleep pattern. Go to bed about the same time each night, and wake up around the same time each morning. […] Stay on a daily routine. Plan your day around a good routine. […] Don’t use alcohol or drugs. It may be tempting to use alcohol or drugs to help you get through a manic episode. […] Get help from family and friends. You may need help from your family or friends during a manic episode. […] Reduce stress at home and at work. Try to keep regular hours at work or at school. […] Keep getting treatment and counselling. It can be tempting to stop treatment during a manic episode because the symptoms feel good. But it’s important to keep getting treatment as prescribed.

• #84

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=ty6584

  If you have bipolar disorder, there are some things you can do to help prevent a manic episode. These include: […] Learn the early warning signs of a manic episode. Watch for signs like needing less sleep and feeling happier or grouchier than usual. […] Keep track of your mood every day. After you know your early warning signs, check your mood each day to see if you may be heading for a mood swing. […] Keep a stable sleep pattern. Go to bed about the same time each night, and wake up around the same time each morning. […] Stay on a daily routine. Plan your day around a good routine. […] Don’t use alcohol or drugs. It may be tempting to use alcohol or drugs to help you get through a manic episode. […] Get help from family and friends. You may need help from your family or friends during a manic episode. […] Reduce stress at home and at work. Try to keep regular hours at work or at school. […] Keep getting treatment and counselling. It can be tempting to stop treatment during a manic episode because the symptoms feel good. But it’s important to keep getting treatment as prescribed.

• #85

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=ty6584

  If you have bipolar disorder, there are some things you can do to help prevent a manic episode. These include: […] Learn the early warning signs of a manic episode. Watch for signs like needing less sleep and feeling happier or grouchier than usual. […] Keep track of your mood every day. After you know your early warning signs, check your mood each day to see if you may be heading for a mood swing. […] Keep a stable sleep pattern. Go to bed about the same time each night, and wake up around the same time each morning. […] Stay on a daily routine. Plan your day around a good routine. […] Don’t use alcohol or drugs. It may be tempting to use alcohol or drugs to help you get through a manic episode. […] Get help from family and friends. You may need help from your family or friends during a manic episode. […] Reduce stress at home and at work. Try to keep regular hours at work or at school. […] Keep getting treatment and counselling. It can be tempting to stop treatment during a manic episode because the symptoms feel good. But it’s important to keep getting treatment as prescribed.

• #86

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=ty6584

  If you have bipolar disorder, there are some things you can do to help prevent a manic episode. These include: […] Learn the early warning signs of a manic episode. Watch for signs like needing less sleep and feeling happier or grouchier than usual. […] Keep track of your mood every day. After you know your early warning signs, check your mood each day to see if you may be heading for a mood swing. […] Keep a stable sleep pattern. Go to bed about the same time each night, and wake up around the same time each morning. […] Stay on a daily routine. Plan your day around a good routine. […] Don’t use alcohol or drugs. It may be tempting to use alcohol or drugs to help you get through a manic episode. […] Get help from family and friends. You may need help from your family or friends during a manic episode. […] Reduce stress at home and at work. Try to keep regular hours at work or at school. […] Keep getting treatment and counselling. It can be tempting to stop treatment during a manic episode because the symptoms feel good. But it’s important to keep getting treatment as prescribed.

• #87

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=ty6584

  If you have bipolar disorder, there are some things you can do to help prevent a manic episode. These include: […] Learn the early warning signs of a manic episode. Watch for signs like needing less sleep and feeling happier or grouchier than usual. […] Keep track of your mood every day. After you know your early warning signs, check your mood each day to see if you may be heading for a mood swing. […] Keep a stable sleep pattern. Go to bed about the same time each night, and wake up around the same time each morning. […] Stay on a daily routine. Plan your day around a good routine. […] Don’t use alcohol or drugs. It may be tempting to use alcohol or drugs to help you get through a manic episode. […] Get help from family and friends. You may need help from your family or friends during a manic episode. […] Reduce stress at home and at work. Try to keep regular hours at work or at school. […] Keep getting treatment and counselling. It can be tempting to stop treatment during a manic episode because the symptoms feel good. But it’s important to keep getting treatment as prescribed.

• #88

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=ty6584

  If you have bipolar disorder, there are some things you can do to help prevent a manic episode. These include: […] Learn the early warning signs of a manic episode. Watch for signs like needing less sleep and feeling happier or grouchier than usual. […] Keep track of your mood every day. After you know your early warning signs, check your mood each day to see if you may be heading for a mood swing. […] Keep a stable sleep pattern. Go to bed about the same time each night, and wake up around the same time each morning. […] Stay on a daily routine. Plan your day around a good routine. […] Don’t use alcohol or drugs. It may be tempting to use alcohol or drugs to help you get through a manic episode. […] Get help from family and friends. You may need help from your family or friends during a manic episode. […] Reduce stress at home and at work. Try to keep regular hours at work or at school. […] Keep getting treatment and counselling. It can be tempting to stop treatment during a manic episode because the symptoms feel good. But it’s important to keep getting treatment as prescribed.

• #89

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=ty6584

  If you have bipolar disorder, there are some things you can do to help prevent a manic episode. These include: […] Learn the early warning signs of a manic episode. Watch for signs like needing less sleep and feeling happier or grouchier than usual. […] Keep track of your mood every day. After you know your early warning signs, check your mood each day to see if you may be heading for a mood swing. […] Keep a stable sleep pattern. Go to bed about the same time each night, and wake up around the same time each morning. […] Stay on a daily routine. Plan your day around a good routine. […] Don’t use alcohol or drugs. It may be tempting to use alcohol or drugs to help you get through a manic episode. […] Get help from family and friends. You may need help from your family or friends during a manic episode. […] Reduce stress at home and at work. Try to keep regular hours at work or at school. […] Keep getting treatment and counselling. It can be tempting to stop treatment during a manic episode because the symptoms feel good. But it’s important to keep getting treatment as prescribed.

• #90 Prophylaxis and treatment of bipolar disorder in older adults

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3380100/

  A 82-year-old man with bipolar disorder had been successfully treated with lithium (Li). […] In addition to Li, valproate and olanzapine can be used to treat bipolar disorder in adults, although Li as monotherapy or combined with valproate is more effective than valproate alone. […] There is little evidence to support the use of alternative mood-stabilizing or antipsychotic agents in older adults with bipolar disorder, although valproate, carbamazepine, newer antipsychotics and lamotrigine have some evidence for efficacy. […] Lamotrigine may be most effective in prevention of bipolar depression rather than mania. […] This case represents the common dilemma of treating severe and enduring mental illness with medication that has side-effects affecting physical health. […] There is a risk that failing to review or change medication may leave patients with serious and sometimes life-threatening physical side-effects. […] Without a straightforward solution, changing medication is likely worth the risk when there is evidence that alternative treatments may be effective.

• #91 Bipolar Disorder in Teens | Valley Children’s Healthcare

  https://www.valleychildrens.org/services/behavioral-health/conditions-we-treat/bipolar-disorder-in-teens

  Experts dont know how to prevent bipolar disorder. In some cases, it may be inherited. […] Knowing the risk factors for bipolar disorder, spotting it early, and getting expert help for your teen can help ease symptoms and improve your teens quality of life.

• #92 Bipolar depression: a major unsolved challenge | International Journal of Bipolar Disorders | Full Text

  https://journalbipolardisorders.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s40345-019-0160-1

  An evident clinical consensus is that antidepressants be used for BD only cautiously, with short-acting agents given in moderate, slowly increased doses, briefly, and with effective mood-stabilizing co-treatment, while monitoring for emerging hypomania. […] Lithium may reduce suicide risk in BD; clozapine and ketamine require further testing. […] Several studies have found only minor associations of antidepressant treatment and suicidal behaviors, mainly with MDD. […] The remarkably prolonged delay of recognition and intervention in BD, sometimes for more than a decade, contrasts strikingly with observations that half of long-term risk of suicidal acts among BD patients occurred within the first 2–3 years of illness. […] Overall, we strongly encourage renewed efforts to consider bipolar depression as distinct from depression in MDD and to seek more effective treatments especially for long-term prophylaxis aimed at reducing morbidity and mortality.

• #93 Bipolar depression: a major unsolved challenge | International Journal of Bipolar Disorders | Full Text

  https://journalbipolardisorders.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s40345-019-0160-1

  Depression in bipolar disorder (BD) patients presents major clinical challenges. […] Treatment of bipolar depression is far less well investigated than unipolar depression, particularly for long-term prophylaxis. […] Evidence is emerging of short-term efficacy of several modern antipsychotics (including cariprazine, lurasidone, olanzapine-fluoxetine, and quetiapine) for bipolar depression, including with mixed features, though they risk adverse metabolic and neurological effects. […] As noted, depressive, dysthymic, and mixed states account for the majority of illness-burden in BD, and are strongly predicted by initial depressive, mixed, or anxious episodes. […] Nevertheless, there is a striking paucity of therapeutic experimentation and inconsistent findings, despite more than a half-century of use of antidepressant drugs to treat depression, with particularly serious gaps regarding dysthymia and dysphoria, mixed features, and long-term prophylaxis for bipolar depression.

• #94

  https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/bipolar-disorder

  Bipolar disorder is associated with significant disability and difficulties in many areas of life. […] There are a range of effective care options, which combine medicines and psychosocial interventions to help people with bipolar disorder stay well. […] Even though symptoms often recur, recovery is possible. With appropriate care, people with bipolar disorder can cope with their symptoms and live meaningful and productive lives. […] There are a range of effective treatment options, typically a mix of medicines and psychological and psychosocial interventions. […] People with bipolar disorder need treatment and care across acute episodes of mania and depression and when indicated, longer-term treatment to prevent relapse. […] Psychological interventions (e.g. cognitive behavioural therapy, interpersonal therapy, psychoeducation) can effectively reduce depressive symptoms and the possibility of them coming back.

Zobacz więcej