Bliznowiec
Charakterystyka, pielęgnacja i opieka

Bliznowiec (keloid scar) to patologiczna, przerosła blizna, która rozrasta się poza granice pierwotnej rany, najczęściej lokalizując się na płatkach uszu, ramionach, barkach, klatce piersiowej i policzkach. Powstaje w wyniku nadmiernej produkcji kolagenu podczas gojenia, co prowadzi do objawów takich jak świąd, pieczenie, ból i tkliwość, zwłaszcza w fazie aktywnego wzrostu. Czynniki ryzyka obejmują lokalizację urazu (górna część tułowia, ramiona, szyja, płatki uszu), wiek (do 30. roku życia), fototyp skóry (V-VI oraz I), płeć żeńską, historię rodzinną oraz zaburzenia gojenia. Zapobieganie opiera się na utrzymaniu wilgotności rany, stosowaniu opatrunków silikonowych i terapii uciskowej (12-24 godziny dziennie przez 4-6 miesięcy), a także unikaniu niepotrzebnych urazów skóry. U dorosłych profilaktyka powinna trwać około 6 miesięcy, u dzieci nawet do 18 miesięcy.

Definicja i charakterystyka bliznowca

Bliznowiec (keloid scar) to rodzaj grubej, wypukłej blizny, która powstaje w wyniku nadmiernego wytwarzania tkanki łącznej podczas gojenia się rany. W przeciwieństwie do typowych blizn przerostowych, bliznowce wykraczają poza granice pierwotnej rany i mogą się powiększać miesiącami, a nawet latami po pierwotnym uszkodzeniu skóry12. Bliznowce najczęściej tworzą się na płatkach usznych, ramionach, barkach, klatce piersiowej i policzkach, ale mogą pojawić się w każdym miejscu na ciele3. Osoby ze skłonnością do bliznowców mogą rozwijać je w wielu miejscach4.

Chociaż bliznowce nie stanowią zagrożenia dla zdrowia fizycznego, mogą powodować dyskomfort psychiczny oraz problemy funkcjonalne5. Do objawów towarzyszących bliznowcom należą: świąd, pieczenie, ból oraz tkliwość, szczególnie w fazie aktywnego wzrostu67. Jeśli bliznowiec rozwija się nad stawem, może ograniczać zakres ruchu i powodować dyskomfort89.

Przyczyny i czynniki ryzyka

Bliznowce powstają w wyniku nieprawidłowego procesu gojenia się ran i nadmiernej produkcji kolagenu1. Mogą rozwinąć się po różnego rodzaju urazach skóry, takich jak:

  • Zabiegi chirurgiczne i nacięcia operacyjne1
  • Oparzenia i urazy2
  • Przekłuwanie ciała (piercing)3
  • Tatuaże4
  • Trądzik i blizny potrądzikowe5
  • Ospę wietrzną6

Czynniki zwiększające ryzyko rozwoju bliznowców to1:

  • Lokalizacja urazu – górna część tułowia, ramiona, szyja i płatki uszu są szczególnie narażone
  • Wiek – większość bliznowców powstaje między okresem dojrzewania a 30. rokiem życia
  • Typ skóry – szczególnie fototypy V-VI, ale również fototyp I jest narażony
  • Historia rodzinna bliznowców
  • Płeć żeńska – kobiety są bardziej narażone niż mężczyźni
  • Zaburzenia gojenia ran – np. z powodu wtórnego zakażenia lub pozostawionego materiału szwu

Opieka nad bliznowcem

Zapobieganie bliznowcom

Zapobieganie jest kluczowym elementem w postępowaniu z bliznowcami, zwłaszcza u osób ze skłonnością do ich tworzenia1. Oto najważniejsze strategie prewencyjne:

Właściwa pielęgnacja ran – kluczowym elementem jest utrzymanie rany w czystości i wilgotności12:

  • Delikatnie myj ranę łagodnym mydłem i wodą
  • Nakładaj cienką warstwę maści wazelinowej (Vaseline, Aquaphor) lub innej maści nawilżającej
  • Regularnie odnawiaj warstwę maści w ciągu dnia
  • Utrzymuj ranę wilgotną, co przyspiesza gojenie3

Stosowanie opatrunków silikonowych – płytki lub żele silikonowe mogą zapobiegać tworzeniu się bliznowców12:

  • Nakładaj płytkę silikonową nieco większą niż rana
  • Stosuj po zagojeniu się rany, gdy tylko utworzy się strup
  • Kontynuuj stosowanie przez kilka miesięcy

Terapia uciskowa – stosowanie opatrunków uciskowych może zapobiegać rozwojowi bliznowców1:

  • Szczególnie skuteczna w przypadku płatków usznych po przekłuciu (kolczyki uciskowe)
  • Opatrunki należy nosić przez 12-24 godziny dziennie przez 4-6 miesięcy2
  • Dorośli powinni stosować te środki zapobiegawcze przez 6 miesięcy po urazie skóry, a dzieci nawet do 18 miesięcy3

Unikanie niepotrzebnych urazów skóry12:

  • Unikaj przekłuwania ciała, tatuaży i niepotrzebnych zabiegów chirurgicznych
  • Nawet drobne urazy, takie jak wrastające włosy, skaleczenia czy zadrapania, mogą prowokować rozwój bliznowca

Codzienna pielęgnacja bliznowców

W przypadku już istniejących bliznowców, codzienne postępowanie może obejmować12:

  • Stosowanie kremów z kortykosteroidami – mogą łagodzić świąd i dyskomfort
  • Ochrona przed ponownym urazem – unikaj drażnienia bliznowca przez ubrania lub inne rodzaje tarcia
  • Ochrona przed słońcem – ekspozycja na słońce może spowodować, że bliznowce stają się ciemniejsze niż otaczająca skóra, a przebarwienia mogą być trwałe3
  • Regularne przestrzeganie schematu leczenia zaleconego przez lekarza

Metody leczenia bliznowców

Leczenie bliznowców jest wyzwaniem, ponieważ nie istnieje jedna uniwersalna metoda. Często stosuje się kombinację różnych technik, aby osiągnąć najlepsze rezultaty12.

Leczenie pierwszego wyboru

Iniekcje kortykosteroidów – uznawane są za leczenie pierwszego wyboru w przypadku bliznowców123:

  • Najczęściej stosowany jest octan triamcynolonu w stężeniu 10-40 mg/ml, podawany śródzmianowo igłą 25-27G co 4-6 tygodni1
  • Pierwsze iniekcje zwykle łagodzą objawy i zmiękczają bliznowiec2
  • Od 50% do 80% bliznowców zmniejsza się po iniekcjach, jednak wiele z nich odrasta w ciągu pięciu lat3
  • Często wymagana jest seria iniekcji

Płytki silikonowe – nieinwazyjna opcja pierwszego wyboru12:

  • Wykonane z silikonu medycznej jakości, mogą pomóc spłaszczyć bliznowiec1
  • Stosowane zarówno w leczeniu, jak i zapobieganiu bliznowcom
  • Należy je nosić przez co najmniej 12 godzin dziennie przez 8-12 tygodni lub dłużej2

Terapia uciskowa – skuteczna w zapobieganiu bliznowcom, szczególnie w przypadku oparzeń1:

  • Obejmuje opatrunki uciskowe, odzież uciskową, kolczyki uciskowe2
  • Powinna być stosowana przez 12-24 godziny dziennie3
  • Wskaźnik skuteczności sięga 90-100% przy sumiennym stosowaniu4

Metody drugiego wyboru i leczenie skojarzone

Jeśli leczenie pierwszego wyboru nie przynosi rezultatów, można rozważyć1:

Krioterapia – zamrażanie bliznowca ciekłym azotem1:

  • Skuteczna w przypadku mniejszych bliznowców
  • Może powodować ból i trwałe odbarwienie skóry u niektórych pacjentów2
  • Jako samodzielna metoda prowadzi do całkowitego ustąpienia bez nawrotów u 51-74% pacjentów po 30 miesiącach obserwacji3

Leczenie laserowe – szczególnie skuteczne w przypadku świądu i zaczerwienienia1:

  • Laser pulsacyjny barwnikowy może złagodzić świąd i spowodować blaknięcie bliznowców2
  • Może być stosowany do redukcji zaczerwienienia lub przebarwień w starszych bliznach3

Chirurgiczne usunięcie – stosowane z dużą ostrożnością1:

Leczenie skojarzone – najbardziej skuteczne podejście1:

  • Potrójna terapia łącząca zabieg chirurgiczny, kortykosteroidy i płytki silikonowe wykazała skuteczność z tylko 12,5% nawrotów po 13 miesiącach2
  • Krem z imikwimodem 5% (Aldara), modyfikator odpowiedzi immunologicznej, jest stosowany do zapobiegania nawrotom bliznowca po chirurgicznym wycięciu3
  • Inne terapie z ograniczonymi badaniami obejmują śródzmianowe iniekcje werapamilu, fluorouracylu, bleomycyny i interferonu alfa-2b4

Opieka pielęgnacyjna po zabiegach

Odpowiednia opieka po zabiegach jest kluczowa dla zmniejszenia ryzyka nawrotu bliznowca1:

Po wycięciu chirurgicznym

  • Ściśle przestrzegaj zaleceń dotyczących opieki pooperacyjnej1
  • Utrzymuj miejsce operacji w czystości i suche, zakrywaj je opatrunkiem jeśli zalecono2
  • Monitoruj obszar operacji pod kątem oznak infekcji, takich jak zwiększone zaczerwienienie, obrzęk lub ropa3
  • Unikaj aktywności, które mogłyby rozciągnąć tkankę blizny i potencjalnie spowodować ponowne tworzenie się bliznowców4

Po innych metodach leczenia

  • Stosuj opatrunki uciskowe zgodnie z zaleceniami, mimo że mogą być niewygodne1
  • Regularnie stosuj płytki silikonowe lub żel przez zalecany okres2
  • Rozważ regularny, delikatny masaż z łagodnym balsamem lub olejkiem, aby zmiękczyć bliznę i uczynić ją mniej widoczną3

Nawet po skutecznym spłaszczeniu lub usunięciu, bliznowce mogą odrosnąć, czasami większe niż wcześniej, lub mogą powstać nowe1. Dlatego tak ważne jest przestrzeganie zaleceń lekarza i regularne wizyty kontrolne.

Opieka psychologiczna

Bliznowce mogą mieć znaczący wpływ na samopoczucie psychiczne pacjenta1. Opieka pielęgniarska powinna uwzględniać także aspekt psychologiczny:

  • Oferowanie wsparcia emocjonalnego pacjentom, którzy czują się niepewnie z powodu wyglądu swoich blizn2
  • Informowanie o możliwościach leczenia i realistycznych oczekiwaniach co do jego rezultatów3
  • Kierowanie do specjalistów zdrowia psychicznego, jeśli bliznowce powodują znaczny dyskomfort psychiczny4
  • Podkreślanie, że bliznowce nie mają wpływu na ogólny stan zdrowia i nie stanowią zagrożenia medycznego5

Rola pielęgniarki w opiece nad pacjentem z bliznowcem

Pielęgniarka odgrywa kluczową rolę w kompleksowej opiece nad pacjentem z bliznowcem1:

Edukacja pacjenta

  • Informowanie o naturze bliznowców i możliwościach ich leczenia1
  • Nauczanie właściwej pielęgnacji ran i blizn2
  • Przekazywanie informacji o czynnikach ryzyka i metodach zapobiegania3
  • Uprzedzanie o możliwych nawrotach po leczeniu4

Praktyczne wsparcie

  • Demonstrowanie technik nakładania opatrunków silikonowych i uciskowych1
  • Asystowanie przy zabiegach, takich jak iniekcje kortykosteroidów2
  • Monitorowanie procesu gojenia i wczesne wykrywanie oznak nawrotu3
  • Ocena skuteczności leczenia i dostosowywanie planu opieki4

Koordynacja opieki

  • Współpraca z lekarzami różnych specjalności (dermatologami, chirurgami plastycznymi)1
  • Planowanie i przypominanie o wizytach kontrolnych2
  • Ocena potrzeby skierowania do specjalistów zdrowia psychicznego3
  • Dostosowywanie zaleceń do indywidualnych potrzeb i możliwości pacjenta4

Wnioski i rekomendacje

Opieka nad pacjentem z bliznowcem wymaga kompleksowego podejścia1:

  • Zapobieganie jest kluczowe – właściwa pielęgnacja ran może zmniejszyć ryzyko tworzenia się bliznowców1
  • Wczesna interwencja może pomóc zminimalizować wzrost bliznowca – pacjenci powinni być zachęcani do kontaktu z lekarzem wkrótce po zauważeniu bliznowca2
  • Leczenie często wymaga kombinacji różnych metod – nie istnieje pojedyncza terapia skuteczna we wszystkich przypadkach3
  • Regularne wizyty kontrolne są niezbędne – pacjenci powinni być obserwowani co najmniej co trzy miesiące przez 18-24 miesiące, aby umożliwić wczesne wykrycie i leczenie małych nawrotów4
  • Wsparcie psychologiczne jest istotnym elementem opieki – bliznowce mogą mieć znaczący wpływ na samoocenę i jakość życia pacjenta5

Skuteczna opieka pielęgniarska nad pacjentem z bliznowcem wymaga wiedzy, cierpliwości i empatii. Pielęgniarka, jako członek zespołu interdyscyplinarnego, odgrywa kluczową rolę w edukacji pacjenta, praktycznym wsparciu i koordynacji kompleksowej opieki6.

Kolejne rozdziały

Zapraszamy do dalszego czytania naszego leksykonu.

Wybierz kolejny rozdział z menu poniżej, aby otworzyć nową podstronę kompedium wiedzy i uzyskać szczegółowe informację o leku, substancji lub chorobie.

  1. 14.04.2026
  2. www.leksykon.com.pl

Materiały źródłowe

  • #1 Keloid scar – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic
    https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/keloid-scar/symptoms-causes/syc-20520901
    A keloid scar is a thick raised scar. […] A keloid scar isn’t harmful to your physical health, but it can cause emotional distress. Prevention or early treatment is key. […] Keloid scar treatment is possible. If you don’t like how a keloid looks or feels, talk with a doctor about how to flatten or remove it. […] Early treatment can help minimize growth of a keloid. Talk with a doctor soon after you notice a keloid. […] If you’re prone to developing keloids, take these preventive self-care tips: […] Practice good wound care. Keep a wound clean and moist. […] Your doctor might recommend applying a pressure pad or a silicone gel pad to a wound while it’s healing. […] Applying pressure earrings to your earlobes after an ear piercing helps prevent keloids. […] Protect your skin from injury. Try to avoid injuring your skin. […] If you decide to undergo surgery, talk with your doctor about your tendency to develop keloids. Your doctor can use surgical techniques that reduce the risk of developing keloids at the surgical site. After surgery, ask your doctor about postoperative care and follow the instructions carefully.
  • #1 Keloid – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507899/
    Keloids result from abnormal wound healing in response to skin trauma or inflammation. […] Multiple treatment modalities exist although none are uniformly successful. The most common treatments include intralesional or topical steroids, cryotherapy, surgical excision, radiotherapy, and laser therapy. […] Keloids remain a therapeutic dilemma. Not only are they difficult to treat but incomplete therapy can lead to a keloid worsening and growing. Therefore, primary prevention is key. […] Several modalities alleviate symptoms of existing keloids: […] Corticosteroids – Intralesional steroids are considered the first line in the treatment of keloid scars. […] It is important to manage patient expectations as all treatments require multiple sessions and do not uniformly result in complete regression of keloid. […] All physicians including nurse practitioners should be aware of keloids. Any healthcare provider doing surgery, administering injections or looking after trauma patients, must educate the patient on keloids. These skin lesions are extremely difficult to treat.
  • #1 Keloid Scar: What It Is, Symptoms, Treatment & Removal
    https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/keloid-scar
    A keloid scar is a type of raised scar. It forms months to a year after the injury that caused it. The scar grows larger than the initial wound. Keloids dont fade over time. A healthcare provider can offer treatments to reduce the appearance of the scar on your skin. […] A common keloid treatment to soften the lesion and then treat the blood vessels to help prevent future growth may include alternating between the following: Medications (corticosteroid injections or creams or 5-fluorouracil injections). […] Other treatments may include: Cryotherapy (freezing the scar). Pressure garments (tight clothing to put pressure on an area of your body). […] A provider will determine what type of treatment is best based on the scars size, shape and how deep it is in your skin. […] Keloid scar removal surgery is possible, but it comes with side effects.
  • #1 Scars – hypertrophic and keloid
    https://www.pcds.org.uk/clinical-guidance/scars
    This chapter discusses keloid scars, which extend beyond the original defect/scar and persist for many years, and hypertrophic scars, which are smaller, remain confined to the initial defect/scar and tend to improve with time. […] Hypertrophic and keloid scars represent an excessive connective tissue response: to an injury (eg accidental trauma, burn, piercing etc), which may be trivial; following surgery; sometimes following inflammation (eg acne vulgaris, chickenpox); and occasionally arising spontaneously, especially on the upper trunk. […] Scars can arise at any age and site but the following increase the risk: Site – upper trunk, upper arms, shoulders, neck and earlobes; Age – younger patients, most keloid scars arise between puberty and the age of 30; Skin type – especially skin types V-VI, skin type I is also at increased risk; A family history of keloid scars; Women more than men; Poor wound healing as a result of eg secondary infection or retained suture material.
  • #1 Keloid scars: Self-care
    https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/a-z/keloids-self-care
    If you notice it thickening, contact a dermatologist right away. A dermatologist may be able to prevent the thickening skin from becoming a keloid. […] Proper wound care may help prevent a keloid. […] Wash the injured skin immediately with soap and water. Even a minor wound needs this care. Keeping the wound clean helps to reduce scarring. […] Bandage the area with hydrogel wound dressing or sterile petrolatum gauze. You want to keep wounds moist. Moisture helps to speed up wound healing. […] After the wound scabs, apply silicone gel sheets or silicone gel. You can buy both of these products without a prescription. They can help prevent a keloid. […] Protect the injured area from the sun. […] If you are concerned about thickening skin or an existing scar, a dermatologist can create a treatment plan tailored to your needs.
  • #1 Keloid scar // Middlesex Health
    https://middlesexhealth.org/learning-center/diseases-and-conditions/keloid-scar
    Keloid scar treatments include the following. One or a combination of approaches might be best for your situation. Even after successful flattening or removal, keloids can grow back, sometimes bigger than before. Or you may develop new ones. […] Wound care can be time-consuming, and compression dressings can be uncomfortable. Try to stick with the routine recommended by your doctor, as these steps are important to keloid prevention. […] Apply a corticosteroid cream. This type of nonprescription cream can help ease itchiness. […] Protect the area from re-injury. Avoid irritating the keloid with clothing or other types of friction or injury. […] Call your doctor if you notice a change in your skin that might indicate a keloid is forming or if you’ve been living with a keloid for a while and want to seek treatment. […] What self-care steps might prevent a keloid from coming back? […] Don’t hesitate to ask any other questions.
  • #1 Management of Keloids and Hypertrophic Scars | AAFP
    https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2009/0801/p253.html
    Keloids and hypertrophic scars represent an exuberant healing response that poses a challenge for physicians. […] Keloid formation often can be prevented if anticipated with immediate silicone elastomer sheeting, taping to reduce skin tension, or corticosteroid injections. […] Evidence supports silicone sheeting, pressure dressings, and corticosteroid injections as first-line treatments. […] Surgical removal of keloids poses a high recurrence risk unless combined with one or several of these standard therapies. […] Intralesional corticosteroid injections for prevention and treatment of keloids and hypertrophic scars are a practical first-line approach for the family physician. […] Silicone elastomer sheeting is a noninvasive, but time-intensive, first-line option for prevention and treatment of keloids and hypertrophic scars.
  • #1 Keloid and Hypertrophic Scar Treatment & Management: Medical Care, Prevention, Standard Treatments
    https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1057599-treatment
    Other pressure devices include pressure earrings and pressure-gradient garments made of lightweight porous Dacron, spandex (also known as elastane), bobbinet fabric (usually worn 12-24 h/d), and zinc oxide adhesive plaster. Overall, 60% of patients treated with these devices showed 75-100% improvement. […] Corticosteroids, specifically intralesional corticosteroid injections, have been the mainstay of treatment. Corticosteroids reduce excessive scarring by reducing collagen synthesis, altering glucosaminoglycan synthesis, and reducing production of inflammatory mediators and fibroblast proliferation during wound healing. […] The most commonly used corticosteroid is triamcinolone acetonide (TAC) in concentrations of 10-40 mg/mL administered intralesionally with a 25- to 27-gauge needle at 4- to 6-week intervals.
  • #1 Keloid scars: Diagnosis and treatment
    https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/a-z/keloids-treatment
    A pressure earring tends to be easiest to wear. […] Silicone gel sheets: Made from medical-grade silicone, these sheets may help to flatten a keloid. […] Dermatologists also include silicone gel sheets in a treatment plan. They can help prevent a keloid from returning after another treatment like keloid surgery. […] How you care for your skin can make a difference. Be sure to follow the at-home care that your dermatologist gives you. You also want to stick to your treatment plan, getting all treatments that your dermatologist recommends.
  • #1 Management of Keloids and Hypertrophic Scars | AAFP
    https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2009/0801/p253.html
    Pressure dressings or garments are effective for prevention of hypertrophic scars, especially in burns. […] When first-line treatments for keloids and hypertrophic scars fail, combination therapy (surgery, silicone sheeting, and corticosteroid injections) is an effective second-line option. […] Corticosteroid injections for prevention and treatment of keloids and hypertrophic scars are perhaps the first-line option for family physicians. […] Silicone elastomer sheeting is a noninvasive and extensively studied approach to the prevention and treatment of keloids and hypertrophic scars. […] If neither silicone nor corticosteroids are effective over 12 months, second-line surgical treatment followed by corticosteroids and possibly silicone sheeting should be considered. […] A triple keloid therapy combining surgery, corticosteroids, and silicone sheeting has been shown to be even more effective, with only a 12.5 percent recurrence rate after 13 months.
  • #1 Keloid scar | UM Health-Sparrow
    https://www.uofmhealthsparrow.org/departments-conditions/conditions/keloid-scar
    Applying a prescription strength corticosteroid cream can help ease itchiness. […] If you have a smaller keloid, your doctor might try reducing its thickness by injecting it with cortisone or other steroids. You’ll likely need monthly injections for up to six months before seeing the scar flatten. […] Small keloids might be reduced or removed by freezing them with liquid nitrogen (cryotherapy). Repeat treatments might be needed. […] Larger keloids can be flattened by pulsed-dye laser sessions. This method has also been useful in easing itchiness and causing keloids to fade. […] If your keloid hasn’t responded to other therapies, your doctor might recommend removing it with surgery in combination with other methods. Surgery alone has a recurrence rate of 45% to 100%. […] Try to stick with the routine recommended by your doctor, as these steps are important to keloid prevention.
  • #1 Keloid and Hypertrophic Scar Treatment & Management: Medical Care, Prevention, Standard Treatments
    https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1057599-treatment
    Intralesional steroid therapy as a single modality and as an adjunct to excision has been shown to be efficacious in various studies. […] A standardized corticosteroid therapy protocol has been shown to reduce the recurrence of keloids and hypertrophic scars after excision. […] Surgical treatments include cryotherapy, excision, laser therapy, and other light therapies. […] Cryotherapy can cause pain and permanent depigmentation in selected patients. […] As a single modality, cryosurgery led to total resolution with no recurrences in 51-74% of patients after 30 months of follow-up observation. […] Decreased recurrence rates have been reported with excision in combination with other postoperative modalities, such as radiotherapy, injected IFN, or corticosteroid therapy. Excisional surgery alone has been shown to yield a 45-100% recurrence rate and should very rarely be used as a solitary modality, although excision in combination with adjunct measures can be curative. […] Because of the high rate of recurrence, a follow-up period of at least 1 year is necessary to fully evaluate the effectiveness of therapy. Close follow-up monitoring is vital during immediate and aggressive treatment of subsequent keloid formation.
  • #1 Keloid scar – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic
    https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/keloid-scar/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20520902
    Keloid scar treatments include the following. One or a combination of approaches might be best for your situation. Even after successful flattening or removal, keloids can grow back, sometimes bigger than before. Or you may develop new ones. […] For newer keloids, the first treatment option might be compression dressings made from stretchy fabric or other materials. This method is also used after surgery to remove keloids. The goal is to reduce or prevent a scar by putting pressure on the wound as it heals. Such dressings need to be worn for 12 to 24 hours a day for 4 to 6 months to be effective. This method can be very uncomfortable. […] Wound care can be time-consuming, and compression dressings can be uncomfortable. Try to stick with the routine recommended by your doctor, as these steps are important to keloid prevention. […] Don’t hesitate to ask any other questions.
  • #1 Recovery Tips After Keloid Removal Surgery | Miami Beach, FL
    https://www.thekeloidplasticsurgerycenter.com/blog/keloid-removal-surgery-recovery-tips/
    After having keloid removal surgery, its important to know how to heal properly. […] Their advice aims to assist patients in handling the essential phase following surgery effectively and with assurance. Follow your surgeons aftercare instructions strictly to prevent infection and promote healing after keloid removal surgery. […] Keep the surgical site clean and dry and cover it with a bandage if recommended to aid in the recovery process. […] Monitor the surgery area for signs of infection, such as increased redness, swelling, or pus, and report these to your doctor immediately. […] Avoid any activities that could stretch the scar tissue and possibly cause keloids to reform after the surgery. […] Consider silicone sheets or gel, and massage therapy as they may help in reducing scar formation and improving the skins appearance post-surgery.
  • #1 Keloid scar | UM Health-Sparrow
    https://www.uofmhealthsparrow.org/departments-conditions/conditions/keloid-scar
    Applying pressure earrings to your earlobes after an ear piercing helps prevent keloids. […] Your doctor usually can tell whether you have a keloid by looking at the affected skin. You might need a skin biopsy to rule out skin cancer. […] Keloid scar treatments include the following. One or a combination of approaches might be best for your situation. Even after successful flattening or removal, keloids can grow back, sometimes bigger than before. Or you may develop new ones. […] For newer keloids, the first treatment option might be compression dressings made from stretchy fabric or other materials. This method is also used after surgery to remove keloids. The goal is to reduce or prevent a scar by putting pressure on the wound as it heals. Such dressings need to be worn for 12 to 24 hours a day for 4 to 6 months to be effective. This method can be very uncomfortable.
  • #1 Strategies for Minimizing Keloid Formation
    https://www.thewoundpros.com/post/strategies-for-minimizing-keloid-formation
    Keloids are raised overgrowths of scar tissue, presenting a unique challenge in wound healing. […] Understanding these causative factors on a detailed level is crucial for devising preventive measures. […] Identifying high-risk individuals involves a nuanced assessment considering their genetic background, keloid history, and specific skin characteristics. […] Implementing effective prevention strategies is key to minimizing keloid formation, especially in individuals at a higher risk. […] Proper scar care techniques, including gentle cleansing and moisturizing, promote optimal wound healing. […] These medical interventions, tailored to the specific characteristics of the keloid and the patient’s health, offer viable options for minimizing keloid formation. […] Keloids can have a significant impact on an individual’s mental well-being, affecting self-esteem and body image. […] By incorporating early interventions, proper scar care, and a range of medical treatments, individuals can mitigate the development of keloids.
  • #1 Standard guidelines of care: Keloids and hypertrophic scars – Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology
    https://ijdvl.com/standard-guidelines-of-care-keloids-and-hypertrophic-scars/
    Keloids and hypertrophic scars (HTS) are the result of overgrowth of fibrous tissue, following healing of a cutaneous injury, and cause morbidity. There are several treatment modalities which are useful for the management of keloids, though no single modality is completely effective. The most commonly used modalities are pressure, silicone gel sheet, intralesional steroids, 5-fluorouracil (5 FU), cryotherapy, surgical excision, and lasers. […] Any qualified dermatologist who has attained postgraduate qualification in dermatology can treat keloids and HTS. Some procedures, such as cryosurgery and surgical excision, may require additional training in dermatologic surgery. […] It is important to counsel the patient about the nature of the problem. One should realize that keloid will only improve and not disappear completely. Patients should be informed about the high recurrence rates. Different modalities carry risk of adverse effects and complications and the treating physician needs to be aware of these and patients should be informed about them.
  • #1 Keloid scars: Self-care
    https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/a-z/keloids-self-care
    Keloids can affect your well-being. Follow these tips from board-certified dermatologists to help prevent keloids from forming. […] If you have keloid-prone skin, you cannot always prevent a keloid. By taking precautions, you may reduce your risk of getting a keloid. […] Pay close attention to your ears after getting a new piercing. If you notice the skin on an earlobe start to thicken, you may be able to prevent a keloid if you act quickly. At the first sign of thickening, immediately remove the earring and start wearing a pressure earring instead. […] To get the best results from a pressure earring, you must start wearing it as soon as the skin starts to thicken, and you must wear it for at least 12 (and preferably 20) hours a day for 4 to 6 months. […] If you have your heart set on getting one, here’s what can help. Try a test spot first.
  • #1 Keloid scars: Advanced therapies and research to break the ‘overhealing’ cycle | Dermatology | UT Southwestern Medical Center
    https://utswmed.org/medblog/keloid-scars-advanced-therapies-and-research-break-overhealing-cycle/
    Surgery might be an option for some patients. However, removed scars can return and sometimes with a vengeance. […] Post-surgical treatments are necessary to decrease the risk of occurrence/recurrence. […] Compression to the area can help prevent the development of a new keloid after surgery. […] Anti-inflammatory steroid injections administered into a new scar can help reduce inflammation, which seems to play a role in keloid development. […] Patients who develop keloids despite seeking preventive treatments should consider visiting a specialized center such as UT Southwestern. […] Whether a patient needs preventive care or advanced treatment, a team-approach from keloid experts can deliver the best results.
  • #1 Management of keloid scars: noninvasive and invasive treatments
    https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8007468/
    Various treatment options have been proposed as ways to prevent and treat keloid scars. Although differences might exist in the pathogenesis of keloid scars across ethnicities, the international advisory panel, Chinese expert consensus, and Japan scar workshop consensus have presented similar treatment options. These include noninvasive treatments such as silicone gel sheeting, physiotherapy, and compression therapy, as well as invasive treatments such as intralesional corticosteroid injections, radiotherapy, cryotherapy, and surgery. […] Despite the introduction of numerous available treatment options, keloid scars remain a therapeutic challenge. Therefore, clinicians should be familiar with the therapeutic options and to be able to provide the most suitable treatment. Here, we introduce the currently available therapeutic options and strategies, both noninvasive and invasive, for the management of keloid scars, as well as novel therapies under investigation.
  • #2 Keloid scar | UM Health-Sparrow
    https://www.uofmhealthsparrow.org/departments-conditions/conditions/keloid-scar
    A keloid scar is a thick raised scar. It can occur wherever you have a skin injury but usually forms on earlobes, shoulders, cheeks or the chest. If you’re prone to developing keloids, you might get them in more than one place. […] A keloid scar isn’t harmful to your physical health, but it can cause emotional distress. Prevention or early treatment is key. […] Keloid scar treatment is possible. If you don’t like how a keloid looks or feels, talk with a doctor about how to flatten or remove it. Even with treatment, a keloid can last for years or recur. […] Early treatment can help minimize growth of a keloid. Talk with a doctor soon after you notice a keloid. If you want to treat one that you’ve had for a while, talk with a doctor who specializes in skin conditions (dermatologist). […] If you’re prone to developing keloids, take these preventive self-care tips: Practice good wound care. Keep a wound clean and moist. Gently wash the area with mild soap and water. Apply a thin layer of petrolatum jelly (Vaseline, Aquaphor) or other ointment. Reapply the ointment throughout the day as needed. Your doctor might recommend applying a pressure pad or a silicone gel pad to a wound while it’s healing. Adults need to take these preventive steps for six months after skin injury, and children up to 18 months.
  • #2
    https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/aftercareinformation/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=zc1509
    Keloids are the excess growth of scar tissue where the skin has healed. Keloids can form where the skin is damaged due to a surgery cut, burn, chickenpox, or acne. […] Keloids can rub against your clothes and become irritated, itchy, or painful. Keloids exposed to the sun may turn darker than the rest of your skin. The dark colour may stay. […] Keloids do not need treatment unless they bother you. Your doctor may treat small keloids by freezing them or injecting them with medicine. Large keloids may need other treatments, such as surgery. Treatment for keloids can also cause keloids to form. […] Follow-up care is a key part of your treatment and safety. Be sure to make and go to all appointments, and call your doctor or nurse advice line if you are having problems. […] Keep wounds clean and dry to prevent infection.
  • #2 Keloid scar // Middlesex Health
    https://middlesexhealth.org/learning-center/diseases-and-conditions/keloid-scar
    A keloid scar isn’t harmful to your physical health, but it can cause emotional distress. Prevention or early treatment is key. […] Early treatment can help minimize growth of a keloid. Talk with a doctor soon after you notice a keloid. If you want to treat one that you’ve had for a while, talk with a doctor who specializes in skin conditions (dermatologist). […] If you’re prone to developing keloids, take these preventive self-care tips: Practice good wound care. Keep a wound clean and moist. Gently wash the area with mild soap and water. Apply a thin layer of petrolatum jelly (Vaseline, Aquaphor) or other ointment. Reapply the ointment throughout the day as needed. Your doctor might recommend applying a pressure pad or a silicone gel pad to a wound while it’s healing. […] If you decide to undergo surgery, talk with your doctor about your tendency to develop keloids. Your doctor can use surgical techniques that reduce the risk of developing keloids at the surgical site. After surgery, ask your doctor about postoperative care and follow the instructions carefully.
  • #2
    https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/aftercareinformation/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=zc1509
    If you tend to get keloids, cover cuts and other damage to the skin with a silicone gel bandage. […] If you get keloids, you may want to avoid body piercings, tattoos, or any surgery you do not need. Keloid scarring can happen after these procedures. […] Call your doctor or nurse advice line now or seek immediate medical care if you have signs of infection, such as: Increased pain, swelling, warmth, or redness. […] Watch closely for changes in your health, and be sure to contact your doctor or nurse advice line if you do not get better as expected.
  • #2 Keloid scar | UM Health-Sparrow
    https://www.uofmhealthsparrow.org/departments-conditions/conditions/keloid-scar
    Applying pressure earrings to your earlobes after an ear piercing helps prevent keloids. […] Your doctor usually can tell whether you have a keloid by looking at the affected skin. You might need a skin biopsy to rule out skin cancer. […] Keloid scar treatments include the following. One or a combination of approaches might be best for your situation. Even after successful flattening or removal, keloids can grow back, sometimes bigger than before. Or you may develop new ones. […] For newer keloids, the first treatment option might be compression dressings made from stretchy fabric or other materials. This method is also used after surgery to remove keloids. The goal is to reduce or prevent a scar by putting pressure on the wound as it heals. Such dressings need to be worn for 12 to 24 hours a day for 4 to 6 months to be effective. This method can be very uncomfortable.
  • #2
    https://www.amerikanhastanesi.org/mayo-clinic-care-network/mayo-clinic-health-information-library/diseases-conditions/keloid-scar
    Keloid scar treatments include the following. One or a combination of approaches might be best for your situation. Even after successful flattening or removal, keloids can grow back, sometimes bigger than before. […] Care for your wound as directed. Wound care can be time-consuming, and compression dressings can be uncomfortable. Try to stick with the routine recommended by your doctor, as these steps are important to keloid prevention. […] Protect your skin from injury. Try to avoid injuring your skin. Consider not getting body piercings, tattoos and elective surgeries. Even minor injuries such as ingrown hairs, cuts and scratches can incite a keloid to grow. […] Your doctor usually can tell whether you have a keloid by looking at the affected skin. You might need a skin biopsy to rule out skin cancer. […] Don’t hesitate to ask any other questions.
  • #2 Keloid scar | Beacon Health System
    https://www.beaconhealthsystem.org/library/diseases-and-conditions/keloid-scar?content_id=CON-20423988
    Keloid scar treatments include the following. One or a combination of approaches might be best for your situation. […] For newer keloids, the first treatment option might be compression dressings made from stretchy fabric or other materials. This method is also used after surgery to remove keloids. The goal is to reduce or prevent a scar by putting pressure on the wound as it heals. […] Applying a corticosteroid cream can help ease itchiness. […] Protect the area from re-injury. Avoid irritating the keloid with clothing or other types of friction or injury. […] Call your doctor if you notice a change in your skin that might indicate a keloid is forming or if you’ve been living with a keloid for a while and want to seek treatment. […] Wound care can be time-consuming, and compression dressings can be uncomfortable. Try to stick with the routine recommended by your doctor, as these steps are important to keloid prevention.
  • #2 Keloid Scar: What It Is, Symptoms, Treatment & Removal
    https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/keloid-scar
    Your healthcare provider will discuss the side effects of treatment with you before you begin. […] Keloids may reduce or shrink after corticosteroid injections. […] If your provider recommends pressure garments, you’ll likely need to wear those for up to 20 hours per day, possibly for weeks or months. […] You can’t prevent keloid scars. […] Treatment can reduce the keloids size and shape. […] Keloid scars don’t go away on their own. With the help of a healthcare provider like a dermatologist, you can reduce the size and appearance of a keloid scar with treatment. […] Visit a healthcare provider if you have a keloid scar that: Affects your appearance and/or self-esteem. […] Keloids aren’t harmful but they can affect how you feel about your body. […] While you can’t always prevent keloids, treatment options are available to ease discomfort and reduce the appearance of these scars on your skin.
  • #2 Management of Keloids and Hypertrophic Scars | AAFP
    https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2009/0801/p253.html
    Pressure dressings or garments are effective for prevention of hypertrophic scars, especially in burns. […] When first-line treatments for keloids and hypertrophic scars fail, combination therapy (surgery, silicone sheeting, and corticosteroid injections) is an effective second-line option. […] Corticosteroid injections for prevention and treatment of keloids and hypertrophic scars are perhaps the first-line option for family physicians. […] Silicone elastomer sheeting is a noninvasive and extensively studied approach to the prevention and treatment of keloids and hypertrophic scars. […] If neither silicone nor corticosteroids are effective over 12 months, second-line surgical treatment followed by corticosteroids and possibly silicone sheeting should be considered. […] A triple keloid therapy combining surgery, corticosteroids, and silicone sheeting has been shown to be even more effective, with only a 12.5 percent recurrence rate after 13 months.
  • #2 Keloid scars: Diagnosis and treatment
    https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/a-z/keloids-treatment
    Many people who have keloids want to know about treatment. A keloid can feel uncomfortable, itchy, or painful. If a keloid develops over a shoulder or other joint, it can limit how far you can move. Many people simply dislike the way keloids look. […] A treatment plan for keloids may include: […] Injections of corticosteroids or another medication: These injections are often part a treatment plan for keloids. When injected into the keloid, these medicines help to shrink the scar. […] Patients usually receive a series of injections. The first injections tend to relieve symptoms and make the keloid feel softer. […] Between 50% and 80% of keloids shrink after being injected. Many of these keloids, however, will regrow within five years. […] To reduce the risk of a keloid returning after surgical removal, most patients have another treatment after surgery. Wearing a pressure garment or getting cryosurgery can help reduce the risk of a keloid returning.
  • #2 Hypertrophic Scars and Keloids: A Complete Overview — DermNet
    https://dermnetnz.org/topics/keloid-and-hypertrophic-scar
    Scar dressings should be worn for 12-24 hours per day, for at least 8 to 12 weeks, and perhaps for much longer. […] As these often occur after trauma, the following strategies may help prevent their formation: Minimal tension surgery, Eversion of wound edges during suturing, Limit the number of sutures used, Avoid unnecessary surgery / cosmetic procedures in keloid-prone individuals and areas. […] Hypertrophic and keloid scars are harmless and do not change into skin cancer. However, patients with keloids have a slightly higher risk of skin cancer than non-keloid individuals.
  • #2 Keloid and Hypertrophic Scar Treatment & Management: Medical Care, Prevention, Standard Treatments
    https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1057599-treatment
    Compression therapy involves pressure, which has long been known to have thinning effects on skin. Reduction in the cohesiveness of collagen fibers in pressure-treated hypertrophic scars has been demonstrated by electron microscopy. […] Cellular mechanoreceptors may have an important role of compression therapy. Mechanoreceptors induce apoptosis and are involved in the integrity of the extracellular matrix. An increase in extracellular matrix rigidity produced by compression garments leads to a higher level of mechanoreceptor activity and therefore more cellular apoptosis. […] Compression treatments include button compression, pressure earrings, ACE bandages, elastic adhesive bandages, compression wraps, spandex or elastane (Lycra) bandages, and support bandages. […] In one study, button compression (2 buttons sandwiching the earlobe applied after keloid excision) prevented recurrence during 8 months to 4 years of follow-up observation.
  • #2 Keloid and Hypertrophic Scar Treatment & Management: Medical Care, Prevention, Standard Treatments
    https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1057599-treatment
    Intralesional steroid therapy as a single modality and as an adjunct to excision has been shown to be efficacious in various studies. […] A standardized corticosteroid therapy protocol has been shown to reduce the recurrence of keloids and hypertrophic scars after excision. […] Surgical treatments include cryotherapy, excision, laser therapy, and other light therapies. […] Cryotherapy can cause pain and permanent depigmentation in selected patients. […] As a single modality, cryosurgery led to total resolution with no recurrences in 51-74% of patients after 30 months of follow-up observation. […] Decreased recurrence rates have been reported with excision in combination with other postoperative modalities, such as radiotherapy, injected IFN, or corticosteroid therapy. Excisional surgery alone has been shown to yield a 45-100% recurrence rate and should very rarely be used as a solitary modality, although excision in combination with adjunct measures can be curative. […] Because of the high rate of recurrence, a follow-up period of at least 1 year is necessary to fully evaluate the effectiveness of therapy. Close follow-up monitoring is vital during immediate and aggressive treatment of subsequent keloid formation.
  • #2 Keloid Scar Treatments: Do They Work?
    https://www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and-treatments/what-are-treatments-for-keloid-scars
    Some keloid scars can be treated with a low-dose radiation therapy known as superficial external beam therapy. […] Pulsed-dye laser therapy can ease itchiness and help keloids to fade. […] Smaller keloids can sometimes be frozen off using liquid nitrogen. […] If nothing else works, your doctor may recommend surgery to remove your keloid scar. […] Following your doctor’s instructions after surgery will reduce the risk of the scar returning. […] The only surefire way to prevent a keloid scar from developing is to avoid injuries. […] If you do get an injury, take care of it properly: Keep your wound clean by washing it regularly with soap and water. […] You can take care of your skin on a daily basis to help improve the look and comfort of your keloid scars, plus prevent future keloid scars.
  • #2 Recovery Tips After Keloid Removal Surgery | Miami Beach, FL
    https://www.thekeloidplasticsurgerycenter.com/blog/keloid-removal-surgery-recovery-tips/
    After keloid removal surgery, it is important to keep the area clean and dry by applying a bandage over the excised scar tissue. […] Apply bandages regularly after keloid surgery for healthy skin and wound protection. […] You will have to avoid strenuous activities or any activity that puts stress on the treated area for at least two weeks following keloid excision surgery. […] It is best to take it easy for a few weeks after the procedure and refrain from heavy lifting, strenuous exercise, swimming, and other activities until your surgeon gives you clearance to resume them. […] To ensure proper healing after keloid surgery, you need to follow a healthy diet and nutrition plan. […] Attending follow-up appointments with your doctor is essential to ensure that the removed keloid does not return and to monitor for any signs of infection or discomfort after keloid removal.
  • #2 Recovery Tips After Keloid Removal Surgery | Miami Beach, FL
    https://www.thekeloidplasticsurgerycenter.com/blog/keloid-removal-surgery-recovery-tips/
    After having keloid removal surgery, its important to know how to heal properly. […] Their advice aims to assist patients in handling the essential phase following surgery effectively and with assurance. Follow your surgeons aftercare instructions strictly to prevent infection and promote healing after keloid removal surgery. […] Keep the surgical site clean and dry and cover it with a bandage if recommended to aid in the recovery process. […] Monitor the surgery area for signs of infection, such as increased redness, swelling, or pus, and report these to your doctor immediately. […] Avoid any activities that could stretch the scar tissue and possibly cause keloids to reform after the surgery. […] Consider silicone sheets or gel, and massage therapy as they may help in reducing scar formation and improving the skins appearance post-surgery.
  • #2 Keloid Scars: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatments
    https://www.healthline.com/health/keloids
    Keloid scars form to protect injured skin, such as burns or acne scars. They may flatten over time, but some people may prefer to have them surgically removed. […] Keloids can be much larger than the original wound. Theyre most commonly found on the chest, shoulders, earlobes, and cheeks. However, keloids can affect any part of your body. […] Keloid scarring can form on large areas of your body, but this is generally rare. When it happens, the hardened, tight scar tissue may restrict your movement. […] Keloids are often more of a cosmetic concern than a health concern. You may feel self-conscious if a keloid is very large or in a highly visible location, such as on your earlobe or your face. […] Before pursuing any medical procedures, you can consider at-home treatments. Moisturizing oils, which are available online, can help keep the tissue soft. These might help reduce the size of the scar without making it worse.
  • #2 Keloid scar – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic
    https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/keloid-scar/symptoms-causes/syc-20520901
    A keloid scar is a thick raised scar. […] A keloid scar isn’t harmful to your physical health, but it can cause emotional distress. Prevention or early treatment is key. […] Keloid scar treatment is possible. If you don’t like how a keloid looks or feels, talk with a doctor about how to flatten or remove it. […] Early treatment can help minimize growth of a keloid. Talk with a doctor soon after you notice a keloid. […] If you’re prone to developing keloids, take these preventive self-care tips: […] Practice good wound care. Keep a wound clean and moist. […] Your doctor might recommend applying a pressure pad or a silicone gel pad to a wound while it’s healing. […] Applying pressure earrings to your earlobes after an ear piercing helps prevent keloids. […] Protect your skin from injury. Try to avoid injuring your skin. […] If you decide to undergo surgery, talk with your doctor about your tendency to develop keloids. Your doctor can use surgical techniques that reduce the risk of developing keloids at the surgical site. After surgery, ask your doctor about postoperative care and follow the instructions carefully.
  • #2 Standard guidelines of care: Keloids and hypertrophic scars – Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology
    https://ijdvl.com/standard-guidelines-of-care-keloids-and-hypertrophic-scars/
    Physicians involved in the management of keloids and HTS should have a postgraduate qualification in dermatology or super-specialization in plastic surgery. The management of keloids and HTS is challenging and often requires additional clinical skills such as specialized training in dermatologic surgery. […] Some of the procedures, such as intralesional injections or surface cryosurgery, can be done in the physicians treatment room. More invasive modalities like surgical excision require more specialized care such as a minor OT with a trained nurse as an assistant. […] Patients should be informed in detail about the nature and course of the disease, available treatment options suitable to an individual patient, their efficacy and adverse effects, and cost. […] The primary goals while planning a treatment protocol should be a low recurrence rate, significant cosmetic and symptomatic improvement and minimal adverse effects.
  • #2 Keloids: Care Instructions | Kaiser Permanente
    https://healthy.kaiserpermanente.org/health-wellness/health-encyclopedia/he.keloids-care-instructions.zc1509
    Keloids are the excess growth of scar tissue where the skin has healed. Keloids can be itchy and painful. Keloids do not become cancer. They do not need treatment unless they bother you. Your doctor may treat small keloids with silicone gel sheets, medicines put on the keloid or injected into the keloid, or by freezing them (cryotherapy). Large keloids may need other treatments, such as surgery. After surgery, you may have more treatment, such as radiation or injected medicine. This is done to keep the keloid from coming back. […] Follow-up care is a key part of your treatment and safety. Be sure to make and go to all appointments, and call your doctor if you are having problems. It’s also a good idea to know your test results and keep a list of the medicines you take. […] Keep new wounds clean and moist so they heal quickly. Apply a thin layer of petroleum jelly to the wound and cover it with a nonstick bandage. Cover new scars with a silicone gel bandage. Cut the silicone gel slightly bigger than the skin wound. Cover the silicone gel with a bandage or wrap to keep pressure on the area. Try to avoid activities that could harm new wounds. Don’t do things that might stretch a healing scar, especially a scar on your chest or belly. Also, make sure your bath water isn’t too hot. Hot baths can worsen the inflammation in a healing wound. Protect scars from the sun when you are outdoors. If the area isn’t covered by clothing or a hat, use sunscreen. If you get keloids, you may want to avoid body piercings, tattoos, or any surgery you do not need. Keloid scarring can happen after these procedures.
  • #3 Keloid Scars: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatments
    https://www.healthline.com/health/keloids
    Keloid scars form to protect injured skin, such as burns or acne scars. They may flatten over time, but some people may prefer to have them surgically removed. […] Keloids can be much larger than the original wound. Theyre most commonly found on the chest, shoulders, earlobes, and cheeks. However, keloids can affect any part of your body. […] Keloid scarring can form on large areas of your body, but this is generally rare. When it happens, the hardened, tight scar tissue may restrict your movement. […] Keloids are often more of a cosmetic concern than a health concern. You may feel self-conscious if a keloid is very large or in a highly visible location, such as on your earlobe or your face. […] Before pursuing any medical procedures, you can consider at-home treatments. Moisturizing oils, which are available online, can help keep the tissue soft. These might help reduce the size of the scar without making it worse.
  • #3 Keloid Scar Treatments: Do They Work?
    https://www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and-treatments/what-are-treatments-for-keloid-scars
    Keloid scars may occur after getting piercings. Ear keloids might appear on the earlobes and the surrounding skin and cartilage after ear piercings. Keloid scars from piercings may itch or feel uncomfortable, but they usually don’t hurt. They may also become irritated if rubbed or touched. […] Get your piercings from a professional or reputable piercer, ask them how to care for the piercing area, and follow their recommendations to reduce the likelihood of getting keloids after piercings. […] Keloids may also appear months to years after getting a tattoo. You might see an overgrown scar tissue on the tattoo spot or areas around it. […] You can reduce your chances of getting keloid scars on your tattoo by using a professional tattoo artist and caring for your tattoo following their recommendations.
  • #3 Keloid scars: Self-care
    https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/a-z/keloids-self-care
    If you notice it thickening, contact a dermatologist right away. A dermatologist may be able to prevent the thickening skin from becoming a keloid. […] Proper wound care may help prevent a keloid. […] Wash the injured skin immediately with soap and water. Even a minor wound needs this care. Keeping the wound clean helps to reduce scarring. […] Bandage the area with hydrogel wound dressing or sterile petrolatum gauze. You want to keep wounds moist. Moisture helps to speed up wound healing. […] After the wound scabs, apply silicone gel sheets or silicone gel. You can buy both of these products without a prescription. They can help prevent a keloid. […] Protect the injured area from the sun. […] If you are concerned about thickening skin or an existing scar, a dermatologist can create a treatment plan tailored to your needs.
  • #3 Keloid scar | UM Health-Sparrow
    https://www.uofmhealthsparrow.org/departments-conditions/conditions/keloid-scar
    A keloid scar is a thick raised scar. It can occur wherever you have a skin injury but usually forms on earlobes, shoulders, cheeks or the chest. If you’re prone to developing keloids, you might get them in more than one place. […] A keloid scar isn’t harmful to your physical health, but it can cause emotional distress. Prevention or early treatment is key. […] Keloid scar treatment is possible. If you don’t like how a keloid looks or feels, talk with a doctor about how to flatten or remove it. Even with treatment, a keloid can last for years or recur. […] Early treatment can help minimize growth of a keloid. Talk with a doctor soon after you notice a keloid. If you want to treat one that you’ve had for a while, talk with a doctor who specializes in skin conditions (dermatologist). […] If you’re prone to developing keloids, take these preventive self-care tips: Practice good wound care. Keep a wound clean and moist. Gently wash the area with mild soap and water. Apply a thin layer of petrolatum jelly (Vaseline, Aquaphor) or other ointment. Reapply the ointment throughout the day as needed. Your doctor might recommend applying a pressure pad or a silicone gel pad to a wound while it’s healing. Adults need to take these preventive steps for six months after skin injury, and children up to 18 months.
  • #3
    https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/aftercareinformation/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=zc1509
    Keloids are the excess growth of scar tissue where the skin has healed. Keloids can form where the skin is damaged due to a surgery cut, burn, chickenpox, or acne. […] Keloids can rub against your clothes and become irritated, itchy, or painful. Keloids exposed to the sun may turn darker than the rest of your skin. The dark colour may stay. […] Keloids do not need treatment unless they bother you. Your doctor may treat small keloids by freezing them or injecting them with medicine. Large keloids may need other treatments, such as surgery. Treatment for keloids can also cause keloids to form. […] Follow-up care is a key part of your treatment and safety. Be sure to make and go to all appointments, and call your doctor or nurse advice line if you are having problems. […] Keep wounds clean and dry to prevent infection.
  • #3 Hypertrophic Scars and Keloids – Medical Clinical Policy Bulletins | Aetna
    https://www.aetna.com/cpb/medical/data/300_399/0389.html
    In a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial that examined the use of silicone gel in preventing hypertrophic scar development in median sternotomy wound, Chan et al (2005) concluded that the effect of silicone gel in the prevention of hypertrophic scar development in sternotomy wounds is promising. […] The authors concluded that combination therapy, using surgical excision followed by intra-dermal steroid or other adjuvant therapy, currently appears to be the most effective and safe current regimen for keloid management. […] An UpToDate review on „Keloids” (Goldstein and Goldstein, 2012) states that „intralesional corticosteroids are first-line therapy for most keloids.” […] The authors concluded that the findings of this study showed that 1,470-nm fiber laser treatment could improve inflamed keloids fairly well by decreasing inflammation, and a relative stabilization of collagen composition.
  • #3 Keloid scars: Diagnosis and treatment
    https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/a-z/keloids-treatment
    Many people who have keloids want to know about treatment. A keloid can feel uncomfortable, itchy, or painful. If a keloid develops over a shoulder or other joint, it can limit how far you can move. Many people simply dislike the way keloids look. […] A treatment plan for keloids may include: […] Injections of corticosteroids or another medication: These injections are often part a treatment plan for keloids. When injected into the keloid, these medicines help to shrink the scar. […] Patients usually receive a series of injections. The first injections tend to relieve symptoms and make the keloid feel softer. […] Between 50% and 80% of keloids shrink after being injected. Many of these keloids, however, will regrow within five years. […] To reduce the risk of a keloid returning after surgical removal, most patients have another treatment after surgery. Wearing a pressure garment or getting cryosurgery can help reduce the risk of a keloid returning.
  • #3 Hypertrophic Scars and Keloids: A Complete Overview — DermNet
    https://dermnetnz.org/topics/keloid-and-hypertrophic-scar
    Scar dressings should be worn for 12-24 hours per day, for at least 8 to 12 weeks, and perhaps for much longer. […] As these often occur after trauma, the following strategies may help prevent their formation: Minimal tension surgery, Eversion of wound edges during suturing, Limit the number of sutures used, Avoid unnecessary surgery / cosmetic procedures in keloid-prone individuals and areas. […] Hypertrophic and keloid scars are harmless and do not change into skin cancer. However, patients with keloids have a slightly higher risk of skin cancer than non-keloid individuals.
  • #3 Keloid and Hypertrophic Scar Treatment & Management: Medical Care, Prevention, Standard Treatments
    https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1057599-treatment
    Intralesional steroid therapy as a single modality and as an adjunct to excision has been shown to be efficacious in various studies. […] A standardized corticosteroid therapy protocol has been shown to reduce the recurrence of keloids and hypertrophic scars after excision. […] Surgical treatments include cryotherapy, excision, laser therapy, and other light therapies. […] Cryotherapy can cause pain and permanent depigmentation in selected patients. […] As a single modality, cryosurgery led to total resolution with no recurrences in 51-74% of patients after 30 months of follow-up observation. […] Decreased recurrence rates have been reported with excision in combination with other postoperative modalities, such as radiotherapy, injected IFN, or corticosteroid therapy. Excisional surgery alone has been shown to yield a 45-100% recurrence rate and should very rarely be used as a solitary modality, although excision in combination with adjunct measures can be curative. […] Because of the high rate of recurrence, a follow-up period of at least 1 year is necessary to fully evaluate the effectiveness of therapy. Close follow-up monitoring is vital during immediate and aggressive treatment of subsequent keloid formation.
  • #3 Medical Treatment for Scars & Keloids | NYU Langone Health
    https://nyulangone.org/conditions/scars-keloids/treatments/medical-treatment-for-scars-keloids
    Dermatologists may inject a corticosteroid solution directly into a hypertrophic scar or keloid, which may help reduce its size. […] If a hypertrophic scar or keloid develops after surgery, dermatologists recommend getting steroid injections every four to six weeks, limiting the total number of injections to five. […] Superficial external beam radiotherapy is a low-dose radiation treatment that uses highly focused beams of light called superficial X-rays to destroy collagen-producing cells and limit the growth of new ones. […] Dermatologists may recommend laser treatment to reduce redness or discoloration in older scars. […] Another method used to remove scars is dermabrasion, which is a technique similar to sanding or scraping.
  • #3 Keloid – Formation – Treatment – Risk Factors – TeachMeSurgery
    https://teachmesurgery.com/perioperative/skin/keloids/
    A keloid is an abnormal proliferation of scar tissue which forms at the site of injury, rises above the skin level, projects beyond original wound margins, and does not regress. […] Keloid formation affects both men and women equally, with the highest incidence occurring between the ages of 20 and 30. […] Aside from their characteristic visual appearance, keloids fortunately do not normally cause many other symptoms. A small proportion of patients may experience pain, itching, or burning in the scar tissue. […] Keloid scars are raised above the skin around them and can take on the appearance of a dome-shape, extending beyond the original wound margin. […] Surgical excision of keloids is rarely performed. It has poor results, with recurrence rates between 40-100%. Surgical excision is thought to stimulate collagen synthesis which results in the regrowth of a larger keloid.
  • #3 Management of Keloids and Hypertrophic Scars | AAFP
    https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2009/0801/p253.html
    Imiquimod 5% cream (Aldara), an immune response modifier that enhances healing, has also been used to help prevent keloid recurrence after surgical excision. […] Other therapies with limited studies include intralesional verapamil, fluorouracil, bleomycin, and interferon alfa-2b injections. […] Many patients use topical vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) hoping its antioxidant properties will prevent scars. However, there is little evidence that it is helpful. […] Another over-the-counter option is onion extract topical gels (e.g., Mederma), but limited clinical trials have failed to demonstrate any clinical improvement in scar height, erythema, or pruritis.
  • #3 Recovery Tips After Keloid Removal Surgery | Miami Beach, FL
    https://www.thekeloidplasticsurgerycenter.com/blog/keloid-removal-surgery-recovery-tips/
    After having keloid removal surgery, its important to know how to heal properly. […] Their advice aims to assist patients in handling the essential phase following surgery effectively and with assurance. Follow your surgeons aftercare instructions strictly to prevent infection and promote healing after keloid removal surgery. […] Keep the surgical site clean and dry and cover it with a bandage if recommended to aid in the recovery process. […] Monitor the surgery area for signs of infection, such as increased redness, swelling, or pus, and report these to your doctor immediately. […] Avoid any activities that could stretch the scar tissue and possibly cause keloids to reform after the surgery. […] Consider silicone sheets or gel, and massage therapy as they may help in reducing scar formation and improving the skins appearance post-surgery.
  • #3 Recovery Tips After Keloid Removal Surgery | Miami Beach, FL
    https://www.thekeloidplasticsurgerycenter.com/blog/keloid-removal-surgery-recovery-tips/
    If you had this type of surgery, it is important to take steps to prevent keloid recurrence. […] Additionally, your doctor may recommend topical steroid creams or other keloid scar treatments to reduce the risk of recurrence. […] Regular massage with a gentle lotion or oil can soften and make the scar less visible. It is essential to perform it with care to avoid skin irritation. […] If youre looking for expert care after your keloid removal surgery, consider booking a consultation with Dr. Mendez and Dr. Salloum.
  • #3 Standard guidelines of care: Keloids and hypertrophic scars – Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology
    https://ijdvl.com/standard-guidelines-of-care-keloids-and-hypertrophic-scars/
    Keloids and hypertrophic scars (HTS) are the result of overgrowth of fibrous tissue, following healing of a cutaneous injury, and cause morbidity. There are several treatment modalities which are useful for the management of keloids, though no single modality is completely effective. The most commonly used modalities are pressure, silicone gel sheet, intralesional steroids, 5-fluorouracil (5 FU), cryotherapy, surgical excision, and lasers. […] Any qualified dermatologist who has attained postgraduate qualification in dermatology can treat keloids and HTS. Some procedures, such as cryosurgery and surgical excision, may require additional training in dermatologic surgery. […] It is important to counsel the patient about the nature of the problem. One should realize that keloid will only improve and not disappear completely. Patients should be informed about the high recurrence rates. Different modalities carry risk of adverse effects and complications and the treating physician needs to be aware of these and patients should be informed about them.
  • #3 Keloid scars: Self-care
    https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/a-z/keloids-self-care
    Keloids can affect your well-being. Follow these tips from board-certified dermatologists to help prevent keloids from forming. […] If you have keloid-prone skin, you cannot always prevent a keloid. By taking precautions, you may reduce your risk of getting a keloid. […] Pay close attention to your ears after getting a new piercing. If you notice the skin on an earlobe start to thicken, you may be able to prevent a keloid if you act quickly. At the first sign of thickening, immediately remove the earring and start wearing a pressure earring instead. […] To get the best results from a pressure earring, you must start wearing it as soon as the skin starts to thicken, and you must wear it for at least 12 (and preferably 20) hours a day for 4 to 6 months. […] If you have your heart set on getting one, here’s what can help. Try a test spot first.
  • #3 Keloids and hypertrophic scars – UpToDate
    https://www.uptodate.com/contents/keloids-and-hypertrophic-scars
    Intralesional corticosteroid injections are preferred or used in combination with tape/plaster for small keloids (eg, earlobe keloids) that exhibit rapid growth. […] Surgical excision should always be combined with postoperative adjuvant therapies, including radiation therapy (in adult patients only), intralesional corticosteroids, or corticosteroid tape/plaster. […] In adult patients, radiation therapy is essential after keloid surgery because it reduces the formation of blood vessels and suppresses the inflammation in the incisional wound, thus allowing the healing process to progress smoothly to completion. […] Patients who have been treated for keloids or hypertrophic scars should be followed up closely, at least every three months for at least 18 to 24 months to allow for early detection and treatment of small recurrences that may respond well to steroid tape/plaster or injection.
  • #3 How to Get Rid of Keloids: 7 Dos and Don’ts
    https://www.verywellhealth.com/how-to-get-rid-of-keloids-7368224
    Certain people are prone to keloids, a type of raised scar caused by dysfunctional wound healing. […] Proper wound care can also help prevent keloids from forming in the first place. […] To prevent a wound from turning into a keloid: Gently clean the wound. Keep the wound moist. Apply silicone gel or sheets to healing wounds. Avoid products like hydrogen peroxide that can dry the wound out. […] You should also protect healing skin from the sun to help prevent discoloration and keloid formation. […] If you have keloid-prone skin, the chances that one of these scars will appear on a visible part of your body are high. […] A healthcare provider or therapist can help you manage your perception of scarring, especially in highly noticeable areas. […] Knowing your risk of developing a keloid and how to reduce excessive scarring can help you cope. […] There are several ways to get rid of keloids or reduce their appearance. This includes OTC products like silicone gel or hydrocortisone cream. […] For severe or recurrent keloids, surgical reduction by a plastic surgeon or facial plastic surgeon may be needed.
  • #3 What Are Keloids? Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention
    https://www.everydayhealth.com/keloids/guide/
    Keloid scars, which are typically thick and irregular, rarely go away on their own. […] They can be challenging to treat, which is why dermatologists emphasize the importance of preventing keloids from forming in the first place, according to the American Academy of Dermatology Association (AAD). […] Treatment may be helpful if a keloid scar causes discomfort or hampers movement (if it covers a joint or a large area, for example). […] People may also seek treatment for a keloid if the scar impacts their self-esteem and how they feel about their appearance. […] Your doctor may be able to help you find ways to reduce the size and prominence of the keloid. […] There is no one treatment that works best for all keloids. […] Dermatologists typically tailor the treatment to the individual based upon factors such as age and type of keloid.
  • #4 Keloid scar | UM Health-Sparrow
    https://www.uofmhealthsparrow.org/departments-conditions/conditions/keloid-scar
    A keloid scar is a thick raised scar. It can occur wherever you have a skin injury but usually forms on earlobes, shoulders, cheeks or the chest. If you’re prone to developing keloids, you might get them in more than one place. […] A keloid scar isn’t harmful to your physical health, but it can cause emotional distress. Prevention or early treatment is key. […] Keloid scar treatment is possible. If you don’t like how a keloid looks or feels, talk with a doctor about how to flatten or remove it. Even with treatment, a keloid can last for years or recur. […] Early treatment can help minimize growth of a keloid. Talk with a doctor soon after you notice a keloid. If you want to treat one that you’ve had for a while, talk with a doctor who specializes in skin conditions (dermatologist). […] If you’re prone to developing keloids, take these preventive self-care tips: Practice good wound care. Keep a wound clean and moist. Gently wash the area with mild soap and water. Apply a thin layer of petrolatum jelly (Vaseline, Aquaphor) or other ointment. Reapply the ointment throughout the day as needed. Your doctor might recommend applying a pressure pad or a silicone gel pad to a wound while it’s healing. Adults need to take these preventive steps for six months after skin injury, and children up to 18 months.
  • #4 Keloid Scar Treatments: Do They Work?
    https://www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and-treatments/what-are-treatments-for-keloid-scars
    Keloid scars may occur after getting piercings. Ear keloids might appear on the earlobes and the surrounding skin and cartilage after ear piercings. Keloid scars from piercings may itch or feel uncomfortable, but they usually don’t hurt. They may also become irritated if rubbed or touched. […] Get your piercings from a professional or reputable piercer, ask them how to care for the piercing area, and follow their recommendations to reduce the likelihood of getting keloids after piercings. […] Keloids may also appear months to years after getting a tattoo. You might see an overgrown scar tissue on the tattoo spot or areas around it. […] You can reduce your chances of getting keloid scars on your tattoo by using a professional tattoo artist and caring for your tattoo following their recommendations.
  • #4 Keloid Scars: Symptoms, Causes, Prevention & Treatment
    https://resources.healthgrades.com/right-care/skin-hair-and-nails/keloid-scar
    Keloid scars can be difficult to treat. Multiple treatment approaches are usually necessary. This may include injections, laser therapy, freezing or cryotherapy, and silicone sheets. Surgical shaving is sometimes an option. Pressure dressings after surgery help reduce the risk of the scar returning. […] Keloid scars do not pose a health risk. However, you should see your doctor if a keloid scar is bothering you. In some cases, doctors can cure the scar. However, recurrence is very common. If cure is not possible, treatment can improve the look and feel of the scar without totally eliminating it. If you are prone to keloid scarring, using pressure dressings on wounds may help prevent scars from developing. […] If you know you are at risk of developing keloid scars or have already had one, work with a dermatologist. There may be specific products and dressings your dermatologist recommends to manage wounds and prevent keloids. […] To reduce the risk of recurrence, doctors use pressure treatments after surgery. Pressure dressings and garments are effective in 90 to 100% of people who use them diligently. This requires wearing the device for up to 16 hours a day for up to a year.
  • #4 Keloids and hypertrophic scars – UpToDate
    https://www.uptodate.com/contents/keloids-and-hypertrophic-scars
    Intralesional corticosteroid injections are preferred or used in combination with tape/plaster for small keloids (eg, earlobe keloids) that exhibit rapid growth. […] Surgical excision should always be combined with postoperative adjuvant therapies, including radiation therapy (in adult patients only), intralesional corticosteroids, or corticosteroid tape/plaster. […] In adult patients, radiation therapy is essential after keloid surgery because it reduces the formation of blood vessels and suppresses the inflammation in the incisional wound, thus allowing the healing process to progress smoothly to completion. […] Patients who have been treated for keloids or hypertrophic scars should be followed up closely, at least every three months for at least 18 to 24 months to allow for early detection and treatment of small recurrences that may respond well to steroid tape/plaster or injection.
  • #4 Management of Keloids and Hypertrophic Scars | AAFP
    https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2009/0801/p253.html
    Imiquimod 5% cream (Aldara), an immune response modifier that enhances healing, has also been used to help prevent keloid recurrence after surgical excision. […] Other therapies with limited studies include intralesional verapamil, fluorouracil, bleomycin, and interferon alfa-2b injections. […] Many patients use topical vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) hoping its antioxidant properties will prevent scars. However, there is little evidence that it is helpful. […] Another over-the-counter option is onion extract topical gels (e.g., Mederma), but limited clinical trials have failed to demonstrate any clinical improvement in scar height, erythema, or pruritis.
  • #4 Recovery Tips After Keloid Removal Surgery | Miami Beach, FL
    https://www.thekeloidplasticsurgerycenter.com/blog/keloid-removal-surgery-recovery-tips/
    After having keloid removal surgery, its important to know how to heal properly. […] Their advice aims to assist patients in handling the essential phase following surgery effectively and with assurance. Follow your surgeons aftercare instructions strictly to prevent infection and promote healing after keloid removal surgery. […] Keep the surgical site clean and dry and cover it with a bandage if recommended to aid in the recovery process. […] Monitor the surgery area for signs of infection, such as increased redness, swelling, or pus, and report these to your doctor immediately. […] Avoid any activities that could stretch the scar tissue and possibly cause keloids to reform after the surgery. […] Consider silicone sheets or gel, and massage therapy as they may help in reducing scar formation and improving the skins appearance post-surgery.
  • #4 How to Get Rid of Keloids: 7 Dos and Don’ts
    https://www.verywellhealth.com/how-to-get-rid-of-keloids-7368224
    Certain people are prone to keloids, a type of raised scar caused by dysfunctional wound healing. […] Proper wound care can also help prevent keloids from forming in the first place. […] To prevent a wound from turning into a keloid: Gently clean the wound. Keep the wound moist. Apply silicone gel or sheets to healing wounds. Avoid products like hydrogen peroxide that can dry the wound out. […] You should also protect healing skin from the sun to help prevent discoloration and keloid formation. […] If you have keloid-prone skin, the chances that one of these scars will appear on a visible part of your body are high. […] A healthcare provider or therapist can help you manage your perception of scarring, especially in highly noticeable areas. […] Knowing your risk of developing a keloid and how to reduce excessive scarring can help you cope. […] There are several ways to get rid of keloids or reduce their appearance. This includes OTC products like silicone gel or hydrocortisone cream. […] For severe or recurrent keloids, surgical reduction by a plastic surgeon or facial plastic surgeon may be needed.
  • #4 Keloid scar | UM Health-Sparrow
    https://www.uofmhealthsparrow.org/departments-conditions/conditions/keloid-scar
    Applying pressure earrings to your earlobes after an ear piercing helps prevent keloids. […] Your doctor usually can tell whether you have a keloid by looking at the affected skin. You might need a skin biopsy to rule out skin cancer. […] Keloid scar treatments include the following. One or a combination of approaches might be best for your situation. Even after successful flattening or removal, keloids can grow back, sometimes bigger than before. Or you may develop new ones. […] For newer keloids, the first treatment option might be compression dressings made from stretchy fabric or other materials. This method is also used after surgery to remove keloids. The goal is to reduce or prevent a scar by putting pressure on the wound as it heals. Such dressings need to be worn for 12 to 24 hours a day for 4 to 6 months to be effective. This method can be very uncomfortable.
  • #4 Keloid and Hypertrophic Scar Treatment & Management: Medical Care, Prevention, Standard Treatments
    https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1057599-treatment
    Intralesional steroid therapy as a single modality and as an adjunct to excision has been shown to be efficacious in various studies. […] A standardized corticosteroid therapy protocol has been shown to reduce the recurrence of keloids and hypertrophic scars after excision. […] Surgical treatments include cryotherapy, excision, laser therapy, and other light therapies. […] Cryotherapy can cause pain and permanent depigmentation in selected patients. […] As a single modality, cryosurgery led to total resolution with no recurrences in 51-74% of patients after 30 months of follow-up observation. […] Decreased recurrence rates have been reported with excision in combination with other postoperative modalities, such as radiotherapy, injected IFN, or corticosteroid therapy. Excisional surgery alone has been shown to yield a 45-100% recurrence rate and should very rarely be used as a solitary modality, although excision in combination with adjunct measures can be curative. […] Because of the high rate of recurrence, a follow-up period of at least 1 year is necessary to fully evaluate the effectiveness of therapy. Close follow-up monitoring is vital during immediate and aggressive treatment of subsequent keloid formation.
  • #4 Keloid scars: recognition and management – The Pharmaceutical Journal
    https://pharmaceutical-journal.com/article/ld/keloid-scars-recognition-and-management
    When treating keloids, it is important to adhere to the treatment to give it the best chance of success​[5,16]​. Pharmacists should assist by determining which treatment are most suited and will easily fit in to daily life. Pharmacists may wish to follow up with their patients to determine adherence and discuss alternative options if adherence is proving difficult. […] If patients are experiencing pain, discomfort or psychological distress from their keloid scars, they should be referred to their GP to discuss suitable treatment options. An over-the-counter option can be suggested, such as scar treatment silicone gel.
  • #5 Keloid scar – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic
    https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/keloid-scar/symptoms-causes/syc-20520901
    A keloid scar is a thick raised scar. […] A keloid scar isn’t harmful to your physical health, but it can cause emotional distress. Prevention or early treatment is key. […] Keloid scar treatment is possible. If you don’t like how a keloid looks or feels, talk with a doctor about how to flatten or remove it. […] Early treatment can help minimize growth of a keloid. Talk with a doctor soon after you notice a keloid. […] If you’re prone to developing keloids, take these preventive self-care tips: […] Practice good wound care. Keep a wound clean and moist. […] Your doctor might recommend applying a pressure pad or a silicone gel pad to a wound while it’s healing. […] Applying pressure earrings to your earlobes after an ear piercing helps prevent keloids. […] Protect your skin from injury. Try to avoid injuring your skin. […] If you decide to undergo surgery, talk with your doctor about your tendency to develop keloids. Your doctor can use surgical techniques that reduce the risk of developing keloids at the surgical site. After surgery, ask your doctor about postoperative care and follow the instructions carefully.
  • #5
    https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/aftercareinformation/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=zc1509
    Keloids are the excess growth of scar tissue where the skin has healed. Keloids can form where the skin is damaged due to a surgery cut, burn, chickenpox, or acne. […] Keloids can rub against your clothes and become irritated, itchy, or painful. Keloids exposed to the sun may turn darker than the rest of your skin. The dark colour may stay. […] Keloids do not need treatment unless they bother you. Your doctor may treat small keloids by freezing them or injecting them with medicine. Large keloids may need other treatments, such as surgery. Treatment for keloids can also cause keloids to form. […] Follow-up care is a key part of your treatment and safety. Be sure to make and go to all appointments, and call your doctor or nurse advice line if you are having problems. […] Keep wounds clean and dry to prevent infection.
  • #5 Keloid Scar: What It Is, Symptoms, Treatment & Removal
    https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/keloid-scar
    A keloid scar is a type of raised scar. It forms months to a year after the injury that caused it. The scar grows larger than the initial wound. Keloids dont fade over time. A healthcare provider can offer treatments to reduce the appearance of the scar on your skin. […] A common keloid treatment to soften the lesion and then treat the blood vessels to help prevent future growth may include alternating between the following: Medications (corticosteroid injections or creams or 5-fluorouracil injections). […] Other treatments may include: Cryotherapy (freezing the scar). Pressure garments (tight clothing to put pressure on an area of your body). […] A provider will determine what type of treatment is best based on the scars size, shape and how deep it is in your skin. […] Keloid scar removal surgery is possible, but it comes with side effects.
  • #5 Strategies for Minimizing Keloid Formation
    https://www.thewoundpros.com/post/strategies-for-minimizing-keloid-formation
    Keloids are raised overgrowths of scar tissue, presenting a unique challenge in wound healing. […] Understanding these causative factors on a detailed level is crucial for devising preventive measures. […] Identifying high-risk individuals involves a nuanced assessment considering their genetic background, keloid history, and specific skin characteristics. […] Implementing effective prevention strategies is key to minimizing keloid formation, especially in individuals at a higher risk. […] Proper scar care techniques, including gentle cleansing and moisturizing, promote optimal wound healing. […] These medical interventions, tailored to the specific characteristics of the keloid and the patient’s health, offer viable options for minimizing keloid formation. […] Keloids can have a significant impact on an individual’s mental well-being, affecting self-esteem and body image. […] By incorporating early interventions, proper scar care, and a range of medical treatments, individuals can mitigate the development of keloids.
  • #6
    https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/aftercareinformation/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=zc1509
    Keloids are the excess growth of scar tissue where the skin has healed. Keloids can form where the skin is damaged due to a surgery cut, burn, chickenpox, or acne. […] Keloids can rub against your clothes and become irritated, itchy, or painful. Keloids exposed to the sun may turn darker than the rest of your skin. The dark colour may stay. […] Keloids do not need treatment unless they bother you. Your doctor may treat small keloids by freezing them or injecting them with medicine. Large keloids may need other treatments, such as surgery. Treatment for keloids can also cause keloids to form. […] Follow-up care is a key part of your treatment and safety. Be sure to make and go to all appointments, and call your doctor or nurse advice line if you are having problems. […] Keep wounds clean and dry to prevent infection.
  • #6 Keloid – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507899/
    Keloids result from abnormal wound healing in response to skin trauma or inflammation. […] Multiple treatment modalities exist although none are uniformly successful. The most common treatments include intralesional or topical steroids, cryotherapy, surgical excision, radiotherapy, and laser therapy. […] Keloids remain a therapeutic dilemma. Not only are they difficult to treat but incomplete therapy can lead to a keloid worsening and growing. Therefore, primary prevention is key. […] Several modalities alleviate symptoms of existing keloids: […] Corticosteroids – Intralesional steroids are considered the first line in the treatment of keloid scars. […] It is important to manage patient expectations as all treatments require multiple sessions and do not uniformly result in complete regression of keloid. […] All physicians including nurse practitioners should be aware of keloids. Any healthcare provider doing surgery, administering injections or looking after trauma patients, must educate the patient on keloids. These skin lesions are extremely difficult to treat.
  • #7 Scars – hypertrophic and keloid
    https://www.pcds.org.uk/clinical-guidance/scars
    This chapter discusses keloid scars, which extend beyond the original defect/scar and persist for many years, and hypertrophic scars, which are smaller, remain confined to the initial defect/scar and tend to improve with time. […] Hypertrophic and keloid scars represent an excessive connective tissue response: to an injury (eg accidental trauma, burn, piercing etc), which may be trivial; following surgery; sometimes following inflammation (eg acne vulgaris, chickenpox); and occasionally arising spontaneously, especially on the upper trunk. […] Scars can arise at any age and site but the following increase the risk: Site – upper trunk, upper arms, shoulders, neck and earlobes; Age – younger patients, most keloid scars arise between puberty and the age of 30; Skin type – especially skin types V-VI, skin type I is also at increased risk; A family history of keloid scars; Women more than men; Poor wound healing as a result of eg secondary infection or retained suture material.
  • #8 Keloid scars
    https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/keloid-scars/
    A keloid scar is a raised scar left on the skin after a wound has healed. You cannot get rid of it, but treatment can help improve how it looks. […] A keloid scar usually grows for months or years and becomes bigger than the original wound. […] While it’s growing, it may feel itchy or painful. This usually stops once it’s finished growing. […] If it’s on or near a joint, the joint can be uncomfortable or difficult to move. […] The GP can recommend treatments to improve how it looks. Getting treatment early may help stop the keloid scar growing. […] You cannot get rid of a keloid scar, but there are treatments that can help improve how it looks and reduce irritation. […] Surgery to remove the keloid scar is not usually recommended because it’s likely to grow back bigger.
  • #9
    https://www.nicklauschildrens.org/conditions/hypertrophic-keloid-scars
    A keloid scar is also the skin’s response to injury (or the presence of foreign material), but the keloid scar is a firmer, flat or stalked exaggerated overgrowth of dense scar tissue that develops after the skin heals and is larger than the injured area. It tends to get bigger over time. […] If keloid or hypertrophic scars get reaggravated due to another injury, sunburn or other reasons, they can cause additional symptoms such as pain, tenderness or itching. If the scars occur over a joint in the body, they can limit movement and cause problems with the use of the arms or legs. […] Its difficult to completely eliminate your risk of keloid and hypertrophic scars, but you can take measures to protect yourself from the risks. If you experience an injury or a wound, for example, you can practice good wound care by gently washing the area with soap and water, and then applying a healing ointment as needed. A silicone gel pad or a pressure pad can also help protect the wound while it heals.