Żyły rozsiane
Rokowania, prognozy i postęp choroby

Żyły rozsiane (varicose veins) stanowią przewlekłe schorzenie o zazwyczaj łagodnym rokowaniu, jednak badania kohortowe wykazały istotne powiązania między ich ciężkością a zwiększonym ryzykiem śmiertelności (HR 1,37; 95% CI 1,19-1,57; p<0,0001), zwłaszcza w stopniu 3 (HR 1,83; 95% CI 1,48-2,27; p<0,0001), niezależnie od chorób współistniejących. Szczególnie niekorzystne rokowanie obserwuje się u pacjentów z cukrzycą (HR 1,50; 95% CI 1,05-2,15; p=0,0254). Ponadto, żyły rozsiane znacząco zwiększają ryzyko poważnych zdarzeń sercowo-naczyniowych (MACE) (HR 2,05; 95% CI 1,89-2,23; p<0,0001), zwłaszcza u osób poniżej 65 roku życia (HR 2,17) oraz mężczyzn (HR 2,32). Stopień 3 zaawansowania wiąże się z dramatycznym wzrostem ryzyka zakrzepicy żył głębokich i zatorowości płucnej (HR 38,4; 95% CI 16,4-90,1; p<0,0001), co podkreśla konieczność wczesnej diagnostyki i interwencji.

Prognoza Żył Rozsianych (Varicose Veins)

Żyły rozsiane (varicose veins) są schorzeniem przewlekłym, jednak ich rokowanie w większości przypadków jest łagodne, nawet bez interwencji leczniczej1. Pomimo tego, badania wskazują na potencjalne powiązania między ciężkością żylaków a zwiększonym ryzykiem śmiertelności oraz powikłań sercowo-naczyniowych, co sugeruje, że choroba ta może mieć bardziej złożone implikacje systemowe niż dotychczas uważano2.

Wpływ Żył Rozsianych na Śmiertelność

Badania kohortowe na poziomie krajowym wykazały, że pacjenci z żyłami rozsianymi mają 1,37 razy wyższe ryzyko śmiertelności (95% CI 1,19-1,57; p<0,0001) w porównaniu do dopasowanej grupy kontrolnej3. Szczególnie istotny jest fakt, że ryzyko to wzrasta wraz z ciężkością schorzenia – pacjenci z żylakami w 3 stopniu zaawansowania wykazują 1,83 razy większe ryzyko śmiertelności (95% CI 1,48-2,27; p<0,0001), po skorygowaniu o choroby współistniejące, takie jak przewlekła obturacyjna choroba płuc, nowotwory, migotanie przedsionków, niewydolność serca, choroba niedokrwienna serca oraz przewlekła niewydolność nerek4.

Warto zaznaczyć, że chociaż nie zaobserwowano znaczącego wpływu żył rozsianych na przeżywalność pacjentów z nadciśnieniem, hiperlipidemią lub chorobą wieńcową, to pacjenci cierpiący jednocześnie na żylaki i cukrzycę mieli 1,50 razy wyższe ryzyko śmiertelności w porównaniu do osób bez żylaków (skorygowany HR 1,50; 95% CI 1,05-2,15; p=0,0254)5.

Ryzyko Zdarzeń Sercowo-Naczyniowych

Pacjenci z żyłami rozsianymi wykazują znacząco zwiększone ryzyko poważnych zdarzeń sercowo-naczyniowych (MACE) (HR 2,05; 95% CI 1,89-2,23; p<0,0001)6. Ryzyko to jest szczególnie wysokie u:

  • Pacjentów młodszych (wiek <65 lat; skorygowany HR 2,17; 95% CI 1,92-2,46; p<0,0001)
  • Mężczyzn (skorygowany HR 2,32; 95% CI 2,06-2,62; p<0,0001)

7

Najwyższy stopień zaawansowania żył rozsianych (stopień 3) wiąże się ze znacznie zwiększonym ryzykiem zdarzeń zakrzepowo-żylnych, w tym zakrzepicy żył głębokich i zatorowości płucnej (skorygowany HR 38,4; 95% CI 16,4-90,1; p<0,0001)8. Te alarmujące dane podkreślają znaczenie wczesnego wykrywania i leczenia żył rozsianych, aby zapobiec potencjalnym powikłaniom sercowo-naczyniowym9.

Nawroty Choroby i Ich Przewidywanie

Nawroty żył rozsianych pozostają istotnym wyzwaniem w leczeniu przewlekłej choroby żylnej. Pomimo postępów w diagnostyce i małoinwazyjnych terapiach, nawroty po leczeniu żylaków zgłaszano u nawet 80% pacjentów10. Nawrót żylaków w okolicy połączenia odpiszczelowo-udowego i odpiszczelowo-podkolanowego może być szczególnie problematyczny, a satysfakcja pacjentów jest niższa niż po pierwotnych interwencjach11.

Zidentyfikowano kilka czynników ryzyka nawrotu żylaków:

  • Indeks masy ciała (BMI) ≥30 kg/m² – zwiększone ryzyko nawrotu po zabiegu chirurgicznym
  • Brak pozostałości pnia żyły odpiszczelowej – zwiększone ryzyko nawrotu w 5-letniej obserwacji
  • Obecność rozsianych żylaków – korelacja z nawrotami w obserwacji długoterminowej

12

Badania wykazały znaczące zmniejszenie wskaźnika nawrotów po procedurach oszczędzających żyłę odpiszczelową w porównaniu z tradycyjnym stripingiem żylnym13. Dane te potwierdzają, że odpowiedni dobór techniki zabiegowej ma istotne znaczenie dla długoterminowego rokowania.

Strategie Zapobiegania Nawrotom

Zapobieganie nawrotom żył rozsianych wymaga kompleksowego podejścia, obejmującego zarówno szczegóły techniczne zabiegów, jak i opiekę pooperacyjną14. Szczególną uwagę należy zwrócić na połączenie odpiszczelowo-udowe, ponieważ badania wskazują, że prawie 50% nawrotów występuje w tym regionie15.

Skuteczne strategie zapobiegania nawrotom obejmują:

  • Zamknięcie powięzi sitowatej podczas wysokiego podwiązania – redukuje neowaskularyzację w rocznej obserwacji
  • Oszczędzanie przynajmniej jednej żyły dopływowej podczas wysokiego podwiązania – zmniejsza ryzyko nawrotu w porównaniu z podwiązaniem wszystkich dopływów
  • Stosowanie certyfikowanych graduowanych pończoch uciskowych – wykazano ich skuteczność w zapobieganiu pooperacyjnym nawrotom
  • Szczegółowa analiza żylnego układu miednicy – pomaga wykryć refluksy, które mogą potencjalnie wywołać nawrót po interwencji w obrębie powierzchownej sieci żylnej kończyny dolnej

1617

Wyniki Leczenia i Aspekty Ekonomiczne

Wyniki leczenia żył rozsianych różnią się w zależności od zastosowanej metody terapeutycznej. Badania wskazują, że kohorta chirurgiczna wiąże się z najkorzystniejszym wynikiem pod względem potrzeby dodatkowego leczenia i dowodów na występowanie objawowych żylaków po interwencji, a następnie kohorta z wieloma terapiami18. Zarówno kohorta chirurgiczna, jak i kohorta z wieloma terapiami miały najlepsze wyniki oparte na roszczeniach po interwencji dotyczących objawowych żylaków19.

Średnie koszty specyficzne dla leczenia żylaków w ciągu 2 lat po wstępnej diagnozie wahały się od 204 USD (dla nadzoru i terapii uciskowej) do 5836 USD (dla wielu terapii)20. Co istotne, koszty specyficzne dla żylaków gwałtownie spadły we wszystkich kohortach interwencyjnych w drugim roku po leczeniu, co sugeruje długoterminową korzyść z interwencji21.

Podsumowanie Rokowania w Żyłach Rozsianych

Chociaż żyły rozsiane i niewydolność żylna są chorobami przewlekłymi, ich rokowanie jest zasadniczo łagodne w większości przypadków, nawet bez interwencji22. Jednak właściwa samoopeieka jest szczególnie ważna w celu zmniejszenia dyskomfortu, komplikacji i progresji choroby23.

Nowsze badania wskazują na związek między ciężkością żył rozsianych a zwiększonym ryzykiem śmiertelności i zdarzeń sercowo-naczyniowych, co podkreśla znaczenie wczesnej diagnozy i odpowiedniego leczenia2425. Obecność żył rozsianych powinna zwracać większą uwagę na potencjalne współistniejące ryzyko śmiertelności i zdarzeń sercowo-naczyniowych26.

W kontekście leczenia, kluczowe znaczenie ma indywidualizacja podejścia terapeutycznego, uwzględniająca zarówno ryzyko nawrotu, jak i potencjalne korzyści długoterminowe. Szczegółowa ocena hemodynamiczna przed zabiegiem, obejmująca analizę sieci biodrowo-udowej i miednicy, może pomóc w zmniejszeniu nawrotów żylaków, a także zastosowanie takich technik jak wysokie podwiązanie27.

Kolejne rozdziały

Zapraszamy do dalszego czytania naszego leksykonu.

Wybierz kolejny rozdział z menu poniżej, aby otworzyć nową podstronę kompedium wiedzy i uzyskać szczegółowe informację o leku, substancji lub chorobie.

  1. 11.04.2026
  2. www.leksykon.com.pl

Materiały źródłowe

  • #1 Pronóstico de las Varices | PortalCLÍNIC
    https://www.clinicbarcelona.org/en/assistance/diseases/varicose-veins/evolution-of-the-disease
    Although varicose veins and venous insufficiency are chronic diseases, their prognosis is essentially benign in the great majority of cases, even without intervention. […] However, good self-care is especially important in order to decrease the discomfort, complications, and progression.
  • #2 Severe varicose veins and the risk of mortality: a nationwide population-based cohort study
    https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7311034/
    Varicose veins (VVs) are common and although considered benign may cause morbidity. However, the association between VV severity and cardiovascular and mortality risks remains unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the factors associated with overall mortality in patients with VV. […] Compared with matched controls, patients with VV showed a 1.37 times increased risk of mortality (95%CI 1.19 to 1.57; p0.0001). […] This nationwide cohort study demonstrated that patients with VV are at a risk of cardiovascular events and mortality. Our findings suggest that presence of VV warrants close attention in terms of prognosis and treatment. […] Our novel findings indicated that patients at severe grades of varicose vein had higher risks of mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events.
  • #3 Severe varicose veins and the risk of mortality: a nationwide population-based cohort study
    https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7311034/
    Varicose veins (VVs) are common and although considered benign may cause morbidity. However, the association between VV severity and cardiovascular and mortality risks remains unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the factors associated with overall mortality in patients with VV. […] Compared with matched controls, patients with VV showed a 1.37 times increased risk of mortality (95%CI 1.19 to 1.57; p0.0001). […] This nationwide cohort study demonstrated that patients with VV are at a risk of cardiovascular events and mortality. Our findings suggest that presence of VV warrants close attention in terms of prognosis and treatment. […] Our novel findings indicated that patients at severe grades of varicose vein had higher risks of mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events.
  • #4 Severe varicose veins and the risk of mortality: a nationwide population-based cohort study
    https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7311034/
    The presence of varicose vein should catch more awareness of potential coexisting risks of mortality and cardiovascular events. […] Overall, HR of all-cause mortality adjusted for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cancer, atrial fibrillation, heart failure, ischaemic heart disease, chronic renal insufficiency in patients with VV was 1.34 times higher (adjusted HR 1.37; 95%CI 1.19 to 1.57; p0.0001) than that in controls. […] Notably, despite no significant effect of VV on the survival of patients with hypertension, hyperlipidaemia or CAD was observed, patients with both VV and diabetes presented 1.50 times higher risk of mortality compared with those without VV (adjusted HR 1.50; 95%CI 1.05 to 2.15; p=0.0254). […] Furthermore, VV at grade 3 show 1.83 (95% CI 1.48, 2.27; p0.0001) greater risk of mortality adjusted for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cancer, atrial fibrillation, heart failure, ischaemic heart disease, chronic renal insufficiency.
  • #5 Severe varicose veins and the risk of mortality: a nationwide population-based cohort study
    https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7311034/
    The presence of varicose vein should catch more awareness of potential coexisting risks of mortality and cardiovascular events. […] Overall, HR of all-cause mortality adjusted for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cancer, atrial fibrillation, heart failure, ischaemic heart disease, chronic renal insufficiency in patients with VV was 1.34 times higher (adjusted HR 1.37; 95%CI 1.19 to 1.57; p0.0001) than that in controls. […] Notably, despite no significant effect of VV on the survival of patients with hypertension, hyperlipidaemia or CAD was observed, patients with both VV and diabetes presented 1.50 times higher risk of mortality compared with those without VV (adjusted HR 1.50; 95%CI 1.05 to 2.15; p=0.0254). […] Furthermore, VV at grade 3 show 1.83 (95% CI 1.48, 2.27; p0.0001) greater risk of mortality adjusted for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cancer, atrial fibrillation, heart failure, ischaemic heart disease, chronic renal insufficiency.
  • #6 Severe varicose veins and the risk of mortality: a nationwide population-based cohort study
    https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7311034/
    MACE risk significantly increased in patients with VV (HR 2.05; 95%CI 1.89 to 2.23; p0.0001), particularly in relatively younger (age,65 years; adjusted HR 2.17; 95%CI 1.92 to 2.46; p0.0001) or male (adjusted HR 2.32; 95%CI 2.06 to 2.62; p0.0001) patients. […] In particular, with the highest VV severity there was an increasing risk of venous thrombotic events, including DVT and PE (grade 3: adjusted HR 38.4; 95%CI 16.4 to 90.1; p0.0001). […] Compared with matched controls, patients with VV were at increasing risks of mortality and cardiovascular events, especially those with VV at grade 3. Therefore, these findings should alert clinicians regarding the importance of detecting VV at an early stage.
  • #7 Severe varicose veins and the risk of mortality: a nationwide population-based cohort study
    https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7311034/
    MACE risk significantly increased in patients with VV (HR 2.05; 95%CI 1.89 to 2.23; p0.0001), particularly in relatively younger (age,65 years; adjusted HR 2.17; 95%CI 1.92 to 2.46; p0.0001) or male (adjusted HR 2.32; 95%CI 2.06 to 2.62; p0.0001) patients. […] In particular, with the highest VV severity there was an increasing risk of venous thrombotic events, including DVT and PE (grade 3: adjusted HR 38.4; 95%CI 16.4 to 90.1; p0.0001). […] Compared with matched controls, patients with VV were at increasing risks of mortality and cardiovascular events, especially those with VV at grade 3. Therefore, these findings should alert clinicians regarding the importance of detecting VV at an early stage.
  • #8 Severe varicose veins and the risk of mortality: a nationwide population-based cohort study
    https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7311034/
    MACE risk significantly increased in patients with VV (HR 2.05; 95%CI 1.89 to 2.23; p0.0001), particularly in relatively younger (age,65 years; adjusted HR 2.17; 95%CI 1.92 to 2.46; p0.0001) or male (adjusted HR 2.32; 95%CI 2.06 to 2.62; p0.0001) patients. […] In particular, with the highest VV severity there was an increasing risk of venous thrombotic events, including DVT and PE (grade 3: adjusted HR 38.4; 95%CI 16.4 to 90.1; p0.0001). […] Compared with matched controls, patients with VV were at increasing risks of mortality and cardiovascular events, especially those with VV at grade 3. Therefore, these findings should alert clinicians regarding the importance of detecting VV at an early stage.
  • #9 Severe varicose veins and the risk of mortality: a nationwide population-based cohort study
    https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7311034/
    MACE risk significantly increased in patients with VV (HR 2.05; 95%CI 1.89 to 2.23; p0.0001), particularly in relatively younger (age,65 years; adjusted HR 2.17; 95%CI 1.92 to 2.46; p0.0001) or male (adjusted HR 2.32; 95%CI 2.06 to 2.62; p0.0001) patients. […] In particular, with the highest VV severity there was an increasing risk of venous thrombotic events, including DVT and PE (grade 3: adjusted HR 38.4; 95%CI 16.4 to 90.1; p0.0001). […] Compared with matched controls, patients with VV were at increasing risks of mortality and cardiovascular events, especially those with VV at grade 3. Therefore, these findings should alert clinicians regarding the importance of detecting VV at an early stage.
  • #10 Predicting and Preventing Varicose Vein Recurrence – Endovascular Today
    https://evtoday.com/articles/2018-mar/predicting-and-preventing-varicose-vein-recurrence
    Recurrence of varicose veins remains a challenge to the management of chronic venous disease. Despite the advancements in diagnosis and minimally invasive therapies, recurrence after treatment for varicose veins has been reported in up to 80% of patients. […] The factors that lead to recurrence of chronic venous disease are difficult to pinpoint and manage. Recurrence of varicose veins at the saphenofemoral and saphenopopliteal junction can become bothersome, with patient satisfaction reported to be poorer than after primary interventions. […] Recurrence was initially thought to be associated with inadequate surgery, such as procedures performed by inexperienced surgeons who left residual varicosities untreated. However, recent literature shows that technical (ie, an inadequate procedure) and tactical (ie, an inadequate choice of procedure) mistakes can cause recurrence.
  • #11 Predicting and Preventing Varicose Vein Recurrence – Endovascular Today
    https://evtoday.com/articles/2018-mar/predicting-and-preventing-varicose-vein-recurrence
    Recurrence of varicose veins remains a challenge to the management of chronic venous disease. Despite the advancements in diagnosis and minimally invasive therapies, recurrence after treatment for varicose veins has been reported in up to 80% of patients. […] The factors that lead to recurrence of chronic venous disease are difficult to pinpoint and manage. Recurrence of varicose veins at the saphenofemoral and saphenopopliteal junction can become bothersome, with patient satisfaction reported to be poorer than after primary interventions. […] Recurrence was initially thought to be associated with inadequate surgery, such as procedures performed by inexperienced surgeons who left residual varicosities untreated. However, recent literature shows that technical (ie, an inadequate procedure) and tactical (ie, an inadequate choice of procedure) mistakes can cause recurrence.
  • #12 Predicting and Preventing Varicose Vein Recurrence – Endovascular Today
    https://evtoday.com/articles/2018-mar/predicting-and-preventing-varicose-vein-recurrence
    Predicting and preventing recurrence is not an easy task, but evidence suggests some fundamentals to guide the approach of everyday practice and future research. […] A body mass index (BMI) 30 kg/m2 has been identified as a potential risk factor for surgical recurrence. […] At 5-year follow-up, recurrent varicose veins have been shown to be significantly associated with the absence of residual saphenous trunk and the presence of diffuse varicose veins. […] These data are in line with other research that has found a significant decrease in recurrence rates after saphenous-sparing procedures compared with traditional vein stripping. […] In addition to the previously described strategies, technical details must be considered to prevent recurrence. The saphenofemoral junction must be a particular focus, because studies indicate that nearly 50% of recurrences occur in that region.
  • #13 Predicting and Preventing Varicose Vein Recurrence – Endovascular Today
    https://evtoday.com/articles/2018-mar/predicting-and-preventing-varicose-vein-recurrence
    Predicting and preventing recurrence is not an easy task, but evidence suggests some fundamentals to guide the approach of everyday practice and future research. […] A body mass index (BMI) 30 kg/m2 has been identified as a potential risk factor for surgical recurrence. […] At 5-year follow-up, recurrent varicose veins have been shown to be significantly associated with the absence of residual saphenous trunk and the presence of diffuse varicose veins. […] These data are in line with other research that has found a significant decrease in recurrence rates after saphenous-sparing procedures compared with traditional vein stripping. […] In addition to the previously described strategies, technical details must be considered to prevent recurrence. The saphenofemoral junction must be a particular focus, because studies indicate that nearly 50% of recurrences occur in that region.
  • #14 Predicting and Preventing Varicose Vein Recurrence – Endovascular Today
    https://evtoday.com/articles/2018-mar/predicting-and-preventing-varicose-vein-recurrence
    Predicting and preventing recurrence is not an easy task, but evidence suggests some fundamentals to guide the approach of everyday practice and future research. […] A body mass index (BMI) 30 kg/m2 has been identified as a potential risk factor for surgical recurrence. […] At 5-year follow-up, recurrent varicose veins have been shown to be significantly associated with the absence of residual saphenous trunk and the presence of diffuse varicose veins. […] These data are in line with other research that has found a significant decrease in recurrence rates after saphenous-sparing procedures compared with traditional vein stripping. […] In addition to the previously described strategies, technical details must be considered to prevent recurrence. The saphenofemoral junction must be a particular focus, because studies indicate that nearly 50% of recurrences occur in that region.
  • #15 Predicting and Preventing Varicose Vein Recurrence – Endovascular Today
    https://evtoday.com/articles/2018-mar/predicting-and-preventing-varicose-vein-recurrence
    Predicting and preventing recurrence is not an easy task, but evidence suggests some fundamentals to guide the approach of everyday practice and future research. […] A body mass index (BMI) 30 kg/m2 has been identified as a potential risk factor for surgical recurrence. […] At 5-year follow-up, recurrent varicose veins have been shown to be significantly associated with the absence of residual saphenous trunk and the presence of diffuse varicose veins. […] These data are in line with other research that has found a significant decrease in recurrence rates after saphenous-sparing procedures compared with traditional vein stripping. […] In addition to the previously described strategies, technical details must be considered to prevent recurrence. The saphenofemoral junction must be a particular focus, because studies indicate that nearly 50% of recurrences occur in that region.
  • #16 Predicting and Preventing Varicose Vein Recurrence – Endovascular Today
    https://evtoday.com/articles/2018-mar/predicting-and-preventing-varicose-vein-recurrence
    Research has found that closing the cribriform fascia during high ligation is effective in reducing neovascularization at 1-year follow-up. […] Although junctional tributaries did not demonstrate a role in varicose vein recurrence after endovenous laser ablation, Cappelli et al demonstrated that ligation of the junctional tributaries during a high tie is associated with a significant increase in risk of recurrence compared with high ligation performed sparing at least one junctional tributary. […] Currently, the best way to prevent recanalization and potential reflux recurrence in a previously ablated GSV is to consider the predicting factors identified by Van der Velden et al. […] Certified graduated compression stockings demonstrated effectiveness in preventing postoperative recurrences long ago.
  • #17 Predicting and Preventing Varicose Vein Recurrence – Endovascular Today
    https://evtoday.com/articles/2018-mar/predicting-and-preventing-varicose-vein-recurrence
    Finally, to prevent recurrence, a detailed analysis of the pelvic venous system must be included to detect refluxes that could potentially trigger recurrence after intervention on the lower limb superficial venous network. […] Predicting and preventing varicose vein recurrence is a challenge in modern lower limb chronic venous disease management. […] A detailed preoperative hemodynamic evaluation including analysis of the iliofemoral and pelvic network may help reduce varicose vein recurrence, in addition to techniques such as high ligation.
  • #18 Treatment Patterns and Outcomes in Patients with Varicose Veins
    https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5394556/
    A majority of the patients in the study received conservative management. […] For patients receiving interventional therapy, the outcomes varied based on the treatment cohort. The surgery cohort was associated with the most favorable outcome regarding the need for additional treatment and evidence of postintervention claims for symptomatic varicose veins, followed by the multiple therapies cohort. […] The surgery and multiple-therapies cohorts had the best outcomes based on postintervention claims for symptomatic varicose veins. […] The treatment-specific mean costs for varicose veins during the 2 years after the index diagnosis ranged from $204 (for surveillance and compression therapy) to $5836 (for multiple therapies). […] The varicose veinspecific costs declined sharply in all interventional cohorts in the second year after treatment, suggesting a long-term benefit.
  • #19 Treatment Patterns and Outcomes in Patients with Varicose Veins
    https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5394556/
    A majority of the patients in the study received conservative management. […] For patients receiving interventional therapy, the outcomes varied based on the treatment cohort. The surgery cohort was associated with the most favorable outcome regarding the need for additional treatment and evidence of postintervention claims for symptomatic varicose veins, followed by the multiple therapies cohort. […] The surgery and multiple-therapies cohorts had the best outcomes based on postintervention claims for symptomatic varicose veins. […] The treatment-specific mean costs for varicose veins during the 2 years after the index diagnosis ranged from $204 (for surveillance and compression therapy) to $5836 (for multiple therapies). […] The varicose veinspecific costs declined sharply in all interventional cohorts in the second year after treatment, suggesting a long-term benefit.
  • #20 Treatment Patterns and Outcomes in Patients with Varicose Veins
    https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5394556/
    A majority of the patients in the study received conservative management. […] For patients receiving interventional therapy, the outcomes varied based on the treatment cohort. The surgery cohort was associated with the most favorable outcome regarding the need for additional treatment and evidence of postintervention claims for symptomatic varicose veins, followed by the multiple therapies cohort. […] The surgery and multiple-therapies cohorts had the best outcomes based on postintervention claims for symptomatic varicose veins. […] The treatment-specific mean costs for varicose veins during the 2 years after the index diagnosis ranged from $204 (for surveillance and compression therapy) to $5836 (for multiple therapies). […] The varicose veinspecific costs declined sharply in all interventional cohorts in the second year after treatment, suggesting a long-term benefit.
  • #21 Treatment Patterns and Outcomes in Patients with Varicose Veins
    https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5394556/
    A majority of the patients in the study received conservative management. […] For patients receiving interventional therapy, the outcomes varied based on the treatment cohort. The surgery cohort was associated with the most favorable outcome regarding the need for additional treatment and evidence of postintervention claims for symptomatic varicose veins, followed by the multiple therapies cohort. […] The surgery and multiple-therapies cohorts had the best outcomes based on postintervention claims for symptomatic varicose veins. […] The treatment-specific mean costs for varicose veins during the 2 years after the index diagnosis ranged from $204 (for surveillance and compression therapy) to $5836 (for multiple therapies). […] The varicose veinspecific costs declined sharply in all interventional cohorts in the second year after treatment, suggesting a long-term benefit.
  • #22 Pronóstico de las Varices | PortalCLÍNIC
    https://www.clinicbarcelona.org/en/assistance/diseases/varicose-veins/evolution-of-the-disease
    Although varicose veins and venous insufficiency are chronic diseases, their prognosis is essentially benign in the great majority of cases, even without intervention. […] However, good self-care is especially important in order to decrease the discomfort, complications, and progression.
  • #23 Pronóstico de las Varices | PortalCLÍNIC
    https://www.clinicbarcelona.org/en/assistance/diseases/varicose-veins/evolution-of-the-disease
    Although varicose veins and venous insufficiency are chronic diseases, their prognosis is essentially benign in the great majority of cases, even without intervention. […] However, good self-care is especially important in order to decrease the discomfort, complications, and progression.
  • #24 Severe varicose veins and the risk of mortality: a nationwide population-based cohort study
    https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7311034/
    Varicose veins (VVs) are common and although considered benign may cause morbidity. However, the association between VV severity and cardiovascular and mortality risks remains unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the factors associated with overall mortality in patients with VV. […] Compared with matched controls, patients with VV showed a 1.37 times increased risk of mortality (95%CI 1.19 to 1.57; p0.0001). […] This nationwide cohort study demonstrated that patients with VV are at a risk of cardiovascular events and mortality. Our findings suggest that presence of VV warrants close attention in terms of prognosis and treatment. […] Our novel findings indicated that patients at severe grades of varicose vein had higher risks of mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events.
  • #25 Severe varicose veins and the risk of mortality: a nationwide population-based cohort study
    https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7311034/
    MACE risk significantly increased in patients with VV (HR 2.05; 95%CI 1.89 to 2.23; p0.0001), particularly in relatively younger (age,65 years; adjusted HR 2.17; 95%CI 1.92 to 2.46; p0.0001) or male (adjusted HR 2.32; 95%CI 2.06 to 2.62; p0.0001) patients. […] In particular, with the highest VV severity there was an increasing risk of venous thrombotic events, including DVT and PE (grade 3: adjusted HR 38.4; 95%CI 16.4 to 90.1; p0.0001). […] Compared with matched controls, patients with VV were at increasing risks of mortality and cardiovascular events, especially those with VV at grade 3. Therefore, these findings should alert clinicians regarding the importance of detecting VV at an early stage.
  • #26 Severe varicose veins and the risk of mortality: a nationwide population-based cohort study
    https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7311034/
    The presence of varicose vein should catch more awareness of potential coexisting risks of mortality and cardiovascular events. […] Overall, HR of all-cause mortality adjusted for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cancer, atrial fibrillation, heart failure, ischaemic heart disease, chronic renal insufficiency in patients with VV was 1.34 times higher (adjusted HR 1.37; 95%CI 1.19 to 1.57; p0.0001) than that in controls. […] Notably, despite no significant effect of VV on the survival of patients with hypertension, hyperlipidaemia or CAD was observed, patients with both VV and diabetes presented 1.50 times higher risk of mortality compared with those without VV (adjusted HR 1.50; 95%CI 1.05 to 2.15; p=0.0254). […] Furthermore, VV at grade 3 show 1.83 (95% CI 1.48, 2.27; p0.0001) greater risk of mortality adjusted for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cancer, atrial fibrillation, heart failure, ischaemic heart disease, chronic renal insufficiency.
  • #27 Predicting and Preventing Varicose Vein Recurrence – Endovascular Today
    https://evtoday.com/articles/2018-mar/predicting-and-preventing-varicose-vein-recurrence
    Finally, to prevent recurrence, a detailed analysis of the pelvic venous system must be included to detect refluxes that could potentially trigger recurrence after intervention on the lower limb superficial venous network. […] Predicting and preventing varicose vein recurrence is a challenge in modern lower limb chronic venous disease management. […] A detailed preoperative hemodynamic evaluation including analysis of the iliofemoral and pelvic network may help reduce varicose vein recurrence, in addition to techniques such as high ligation.