Materiały źródłowe

• #1 The global multiple myeloma incidence and mortality burden in 2022 and predictions for 2045 – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39658225/

  Multiple myeloma (MM) is an important hematological malignancy in older adults, with a relatively poor prognosis. We aimed to present the current global patterns of incidence and mortality from MM, and predict new cancer cases and deaths by 2045. […] Globally, 188 000 MM cases and 121 000 deaths were estimated in 2022. Eastern Asia and Northern America accounted for one-fifth of all cases each (21% and 19% respectively), followed by South-Central Asia (11%), and Western Europe (9%). The incidence rates were higher in men than in women with similar geographical patterns. While the incidence rates were highest in Northern America and Australia/New Zealand (4/100 000 for both sexes combined), the highest mortality rates (1.8/100 000) were found in Australia/New Zealand, Northern Europe, and Southern Africa. In the absence of changing rates, the estimated incidence and mortality of MM will increase by 71% and 79%, respectively by 2045 relative to 2022. […] Our study highlights the substantial burden and variations in MM incidence and mortality reflecting global disparities in diagnosis and treatment. Improved surveillance and better disease control is needed to mitigate the global impact of MM in the presence of population aging and growth.

• #2 Epidemiology, Staging, and Management of Multiple Myeloma

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7838784/

  Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell disorder that is on the rise throughout the world, especially in the US, Australia, and Western Europe. In the US, MM accounts for almost 2% of cancer diagnoses and over 2% of cancer deaths (more than double the global proportion). Incidence has risen by 126% globally and over 40% in the US since 1990, while global mortality has risen by 94% and US mortality has fallen by 18%. […] According to the latest Global Cancer Observatory (GLOBOCAN) statistics, there were an estimated 160,000 cases of MM globally in 2018, accounting for 0.9% of all cancer diagnoses. […] It is more common, and rising in incidence, in the developed world with the highest incidence in Australia, Western Europe, and the US. In the US, an estimated 32,000 cases were estimated to be diagnosed in 2020, accounting for 1.8% of all cancer diagnoses. This makes multiple myeloma the 14th most common neoplasm. The current estimated incidence rate, 7.0/100,000, is a 143% increase since 1975, when the incidence was 4.9/100,000.

• #3 Global, regional, and national burden and quality of care of multiple myeloma, 1990–2019 — JOGH

  https://jogh.org/2024/jogh-14-04033/

  Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most common haematologic malignancy, presenting a great disease burden on the general population; however, the quality of care of MM is overlooked. […] The age-standardised rates of MM were 1.92 in incidence and 1.42 in deaths per 100,000 population in 2019, and were predicted to increase in the future. […] Quality of care of MM improved during the past three decades, yet disparities in MM care remain across different countries, age groups, and genders. […] Despite efforts to improve the management across the care continuum of MM, the increasing trends of MM incidence and prevalence continuously challenge the care ability and raise substantial concerns about the quality of care for MM worldwide. […] The quality of care index (QCI) was conceptualised in 2021 as an indicator for assessing the quality of care of disease.

• #4 Measuring the global, regional, and national burden of multiple myeloma from 1990 to 2019 | BMC Cancer | Full Text

  https://bmccancer.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12885-021-08280-y

  Multiple myeloma (MM) is a major health concern. Understanding the different burden and tendency of MM in different regions is crucial for formulating specific local strategies. Therefore, we evaluated the epidemiologic patterns and explored the risk factors for MM death. […] In 2019, there were 155,688 (95% UI, 136,585 172,577) MM cases worldwide, of which 84,516 (54.3%, 70,924 94,910) were of men. The age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) was 1.72/100,000 persons (95% UI, 1.591.93) in 1990 and 1.92/100,000 persons (95% UI, 1.682.12) in 2019. The number of MM deaths increased 1.19-fold from 51,862 (95% UI, 47,71058,979) in 1990 to 113,474 (95% UI, 99,527 121,735) in 2019; the age-standardized death rate (ASDR) was 1.42/100,000 persons (95% UI, 1.241.52) in 2019. […] The global burden pattern of MM was diverse, therefore specific local strategies based on different burden patterns for MM are necessary.

• #5 Epidemiology, Staging, and Management of Multiple Myeloma

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7838784/

  Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell disorder that is on the rise throughout the world, especially in the US, Australia, and Western Europe. In the US, MM accounts for almost 2% of cancer diagnoses and over 2% of cancer deaths (more than double the global proportion). Incidence has risen by 126% globally and over 40% in the US since 1990, while global mortality has risen by 94% and US mortality has fallen by 18%. […] According to the latest Global Cancer Observatory (GLOBOCAN) statistics, there were an estimated 160,000 cases of MM globally in 2018, accounting for 0.9% of all cancer diagnoses. […] It is more common, and rising in incidence, in the developed world with the highest incidence in Australia, Western Europe, and the US. In the US, an estimated 32,000 cases were estimated to be diagnosed in 2020, accounting for 1.8% of all cancer diagnoses. This makes multiple myeloma the 14th most common neoplasm. The current estimated incidence rate, 7.0/100,000, is a 143% increase since 1975, when the incidence was 4.9/100,000.

• #6 Epidemiology, Staging, and Management of Multiple Myeloma

  https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3271/9/1/3

  Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell disorder that is on the rise throughout the world, especially in the US, Australia, and Western Europe. In the US, MM accounts for almost 2% of cancer diagnoses and over 2% of cancer deaths (more than double the global proportion). Incidence has risen by 126% globally and over 40% in the US since 1990, while global mortality has risen by 94% and US mortality has fallen by 18%. […] According to the latest Global Cancer Observatory (GLOBOCAN) statistics, there were an estimated 160,000 cases of MM globally in 2018, accounting for 0.9% of all cancer diagnoses. […] It is more common, and rising in incidence, in the developed world with the highest incidence in Australia, Western Europe, and the US. In the US, an estimated 32,000 cases were estimated to be diagnosed in 2020, accounting for 1.8% of all cancer diagnoses. This makes multiple myeloma the 14th most common neoplasm.

• #7 The global multiple myeloma incidence and mortality burden in 2022 and predictions for 2045 – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39658225/

  Multiple myeloma (MM) is an important hematological malignancy in older adults, with a relatively poor prognosis. We aimed to present the current global patterns of incidence and mortality from MM, and predict new cancer cases and deaths by 2045. […] Globally, 188 000 MM cases and 121 000 deaths were estimated in 2022. Eastern Asia and Northern America accounted for one-fifth of all cases each (21% and 19% respectively), followed by South-Central Asia (11%), and Western Europe (9%). The incidence rates were higher in men than in women with similar geographical patterns. While the incidence rates were highest in Northern America and Australia/New Zealand (4/100 000 for both sexes combined), the highest mortality rates (1.8/100 000) were found in Australia/New Zealand, Northern Europe, and Southern Africa. In the absence of changing rates, the estimated incidence and mortality of MM will increase by 71% and 79%, respectively by 2045 relative to 2022. […] Our study highlights the substantial burden and variations in MM incidence and mortality reflecting global disparities in diagnosis and treatment. Improved surveillance and better disease control is needed to mitigate the global impact of MM in the presence of population aging and growth.

• #8 Measuring the global, regional, and national burden of multiple myeloma from 1990 to 2019 | BMC Cancer | Full Text

  https://bmccancer.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12885-021-08280-y

  The incidence rate of MM is the highest in North America, Australia, New Zealand, and Europe, whereas it is the lowest in Asia (except for Western Asia). […] The median age at diagnosis of MM is approximately 70years; 37, 26, and 37% of MM patients were65, 6574years, 75years, respectively. […] The ASIR for both men and women increased with increasing age, and the ASIR for men was larger than that for women in all age groups. […] The ASDR for both men and women increased with increasing age and was larger for men than women in all age groups. […] The percentage of age-standardized death and DALYs attributable to a high body mass index increased over the past 30years.

• #9 Measuring the global, regional, and national burden of multiple myeloma from 1990 to 2019 | BMC Cancer | Full Text

  https://bmccancer.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12885-021-08280-y

  The incidence rate of MM is the highest in North America, Australia, New Zealand, and Europe, whereas it is the lowest in Asia (except for Western Asia). […] The median age at diagnosis of MM is approximately 70years; 37, 26, and 37% of MM patients were65, 6574years, 75years, respectively. […] The ASIR for both men and women increased with increasing age, and the ASIR for men was larger than that for women in all age groups. […] The ASDR for both men and women increased with increasing age and was larger for men than women in all age groups. […] The percentage of age-standardized death and DALYs attributable to a high body mass index increased over the past 30years.

• #10 Key Statistics for Multiple Myeloma | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/multiple-myeloma/about/key-statistics.html

  About 36,110 new cases will be diagnosed (20,030 in men and 16,080 in women). […] About 12,030 deaths are expected to occur (6,540 in men and 5,490 in women). […] In the United States, the average lifetime risk of getting multiple myeloma is less than 1% about 1 in 108 for men and 1 in 133 for women. […] Multiple myeloma is most common in older people. Less than 1% of these cancers are diagnosed in people younger than 35. Most people diagnosed with multiple myeloma are at least 65 years old. The average age of people diagnosed is 69.

• #11 Myeloma — Cancer Stat Facts

  https://seer.cancer.gov/statfacts/html/mulmy.html

  Estimated New Cases in 2025 36,110. […] % of All New Cancer Cases 1.8%. […] Estimated Deaths in 2025 12,030. […] % of All Cancer Deaths 1.9%. […] The rate of new cases of myeloma was 7.3 per 100,000 men and women per year. The death rate was 2.9 per 100,000 men and women per year. […] Approximately 0.8 percent of men and women will be diagnosed with myeloma at some point during their lifetime, based on 20182021 data, excluding 2020 due to COVID. […] In 2022, there were an estimated 192,144 people living with myeloma in the United States. […] Myeloma represents 1.8% of all new cancer cases in the U.S. […] In 2025, it is estimated that there will be 36,110 new cases of myeloma and an estimated 12,030 people will die of this disease. […] Although a rare disease, myeloma is more common in men than women and among non-Hispanic Blacks. Risk is higher among those with a history of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS).

• #12 Multiple Myeloma: Practice Essentials, Pathophysiology, Etiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/204369-overview

  MM accounts for 10% of all hematologic cancers. The American Cancer Society estimates that in the United States, approximately 36,110 new cases of MM (20,030 in men and 16,080 in women) will be diagnosed in 2025. The lifetime risk of getting MM is approximately 1 in 108 for men and 1 in 133 for women (overall, 0.8%). Approximately 12,030 deaths from MM (6540 in men and 5490 in women) are expected to occur in the US in 2025. Rates for new MM cases rose slightly over the last decade, from 7.0 per 100,000 persons in 2011 to 7.1 per 100,000 persons in 2021, while death rates declined slightly, from 3.4 to 2.8 per 100,000 from 2012 to 2022. […] In the US, the annual incidence of MM per 100,000 persons is 8.1 cases in White men, 5.1 cases in White women, 17.1 cases in Black men, and 13.0 cases in Black women. For Hispanics, the rates are 7.9 in men and 5.8 in women. Rates are lowest for Asians/Pacific Islanders, at 5.1 in men and 3.3 in women. According to a study of the ethnic disparities among patients with MM, Hispanics had the youngest median age at diagnosis (65 years) and Whites had the oldest (71 years). Asians had the best overall survival rates, while Hispanics had the worst. […] The median age at diagnosis of MM is 69 years. Less than 14% of patients are younger than 55 years, and only about 3% are younger than 45 years.

• #13 Epidemiology, Staging, and Management of Multiple Myeloma

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7838784/

  Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell disorder that is on the rise throughout the world, especially in the US, Australia, and Western Europe. In the US, MM accounts for almost 2% of cancer diagnoses and over 2% of cancer deaths (more than double the global proportion). Incidence has risen by 126% globally and over 40% in the US since 1990, while global mortality has risen by 94% and US mortality has fallen by 18%. […] According to the latest Global Cancer Observatory (GLOBOCAN) statistics, there were an estimated 160,000 cases of MM globally in 2018, accounting for 0.9% of all cancer diagnoses. […] It is more common, and rising in incidence, in the developed world with the highest incidence in Australia, Western Europe, and the US. In the US, an estimated 32,000 cases were estimated to be diagnosed in 2020, accounting for 1.8% of all cancer diagnoses. This makes multiple myeloma the 14th most common neoplasm. The current estimated incidence rate, 7.0/100,000, is a 143% increase since 1975, when the incidence was 4.9/100,000.

• #14 Epidemiology, Staging, and Management of Multiple Myeloma

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7838784/

  Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell disorder that is on the rise throughout the world, especially in the US, Australia, and Western Europe. In the US, MM accounts for almost 2% of cancer diagnoses and over 2% of cancer deaths (more than double the global proportion). Incidence has risen by 126% globally and over 40% in the US since 1990, while global mortality has risen by 94% and US mortality has fallen by 18%. […] According to the latest Global Cancer Observatory (GLOBOCAN) statistics, there were an estimated 160,000 cases of MM globally in 2018, accounting for 0.9% of all cancer diagnoses. […] It is more common, and rising in incidence, in the developed world with the highest incidence in Australia, Western Europe, and the US. In the US, an estimated 32,000 cases were estimated to be diagnosed in 2020, accounting for 1.8% of all cancer diagnoses. This makes multiple myeloma the 14th most common neoplasm. The current estimated incidence rate, 7.0/100,000, is a 143% increase since 1975, when the incidence was 4.9/100,000.

• #15 Myeloma — Cancer Stat Facts

  https://seer.cancer.gov/statfacts/html/mulmy.html

  The rate of new cases of myeloma was 7.3 per 100,000 men and women per year based on 20182022 cases, age-adjusted. […] Myeloma is most frequently diagnosed among people aged 6574. […] Myeloma is the fifteenth leading cause of cancer death in the United States. […] The death rate was 2.9 per 100,000 men and women per year based on 20192023 deaths, age-adjusted. […] The percent of myeloma deaths is highest among people aged 7584. […] Keeping track of new cases, deaths, and survival over time (trends) can help scientists understand whether progress is being made and where additional research is needed to address challenges, such as improving screening or finding better treatments. […] Using statistical models for analysis, age-adjusted rates for new myeloma cases have been stable over 20132022. Age-adjusted death rates have been falling on average 2.6% each year over 20142023.

• #16 Key Statistics for Multiple Myeloma | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/multiple-myeloma/about/key-statistics.html

  About 36,110 new cases will be diagnosed (20,030 in men and 16,080 in women). […] About 12,030 deaths are expected to occur (6,540 in men and 5,490 in women). […] In the United States, the average lifetime risk of getting multiple myeloma is less than 1% about 1 in 108 for men and 1 in 133 for women. […] Multiple myeloma is most common in older people. Less than 1% of these cancers are diagnosed in people younger than 35. Most people diagnosed with multiple myeloma are at least 65 years old. The average age of people diagnosed is 69.

• #17 Myeloma — Cancer Stat Facts

  https://seer.cancer.gov/statfacts/html/mulmy.html

  Estimated New Cases in 2025 36,110. […] % of All New Cancer Cases 1.8%. […] Estimated Deaths in 2025 12,030. […] % of All Cancer Deaths 1.9%. […] The rate of new cases of myeloma was 7.3 per 100,000 men and women per year. The death rate was 2.9 per 100,000 men and women per year. […] Approximately 0.8 percent of men and women will be diagnosed with myeloma at some point during their lifetime, based on 20182021 data, excluding 2020 due to COVID. […] In 2022, there were an estimated 192,144 people living with myeloma in the United States. […] Myeloma represents 1.8% of all new cancer cases in the U.S. […] In 2025, it is estimated that there will be 36,110 new cases of myeloma and an estimated 12,030 people will die of this disease. […] Although a rare disease, myeloma is more common in men than women and among non-Hispanic Blacks. Risk is higher among those with a history of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS).

• #18 Epidemiology, Staging, and Management of Multiple Myeloma

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7838784/

  In 2018, an estimated 106,000 people globally perished of MM, accounting for 1.1% of all cancer deaths. […] In the US, 12,800 people were estimated to perish in 2020 from MM, accounting for 2.1% of all cancer deaths. While incidence has risen over the past decades, mortality has fallen due to the drastically increased survival. […] Global deaths due to the neoplasm increased by 94% from 1990 to 2016. […] The survival has more than doubled over the past decades due to the introduction of new chemotherapy combinations, targeted small molecule inhibitors, and monoclonal antibodies. […] Multiple myeloma is an aggressive plasma cell dyscrasia that is on the rise in the US and much of the developed world. In the US, MM constitutes over 2% of all cancer deaths (which is double the proportion in the rest of the world). While incidence has grown by over 40% in the US over the past decades, mortality has fallen, and 5 year survival has more than doubled thanks to the introduction of new therapies and transplant techniques.

• #19 Multiple myeloma incidence and mortality trends in the United States, 1999–2020 | Scientific Reports

  https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-024-65590-4

  Our data aligns with existing literature that non-Hispanic Black Americans exhibit the highest MM incidence and mortality rates. These disproportionately higher rates observed among non-Hispanic Black Americans highlight the imperative for further research examining the multifaceted etiology of MM morbidity and mortality, encompassing both genetic predispositions and socio-environmental determinants to inform future targeted intervention strategies. […] The overall decline in MM mortality rates over the past two decades, consistent with prior research, is encouraging. The decline in mortality rates aligns with the introduction of novel therapeutic agents boasting higher efficacy profiles and reduced toxicity, which are shown to be particularly beneficial for elderly MM patients ineligible for ASCT. Further, advancements in ASCT have also led to improved MM prognosis and survival.

• #20 Myeloma — Cancer Stat Facts

  https://seer.cancer.gov/statfacts/html/mulmy.html

  The rate of new cases of myeloma was 7.3 per 100,000 men and women per year based on 20182022 cases, age-adjusted. […] Myeloma is most frequently diagnosed among people aged 6574. […] Myeloma is the fifteenth leading cause of cancer death in the United States. […] The death rate was 2.9 per 100,000 men and women per year based on 20192023 deaths, age-adjusted. […] The percent of myeloma deaths is highest among people aged 7584. […] Keeping track of new cases, deaths, and survival over time (trends) can help scientists understand whether progress is being made and where additional research is needed to address challenges, such as improving screening or finding better treatments. […] Using statistical models for analysis, age-adjusted rates for new myeloma cases have been stable over 20132022. Age-adjusted death rates have been falling on average 2.6% each year over 20142023.

• #21 Myeloma — Cancer Stat Facts

  https://seer.cancer.gov/statfacts/html/mulmy.html

  Estimated New Cases in 2025 36,110. […] % of All New Cancer Cases 1.8%. […] Estimated Deaths in 2025 12,030. […] % of All Cancer Deaths 1.9%. […] The rate of new cases of myeloma was 7.3 per 100,000 men and women per year. The death rate was 2.9 per 100,000 men and women per year. […] Approximately 0.8 percent of men and women will be diagnosed with myeloma at some point during their lifetime, based on 20182021 data, excluding 2020 due to COVID. […] In 2022, there were an estimated 192,144 people living with myeloma in the United States. […] Myeloma represents 1.8% of all new cancer cases in the U.S. […] In 2025, it is estimated that there will be 36,110 new cases of myeloma and an estimated 12,030 people will die of this disease. […] Although a rare disease, myeloma is more common in men than women and among non-Hispanic Blacks. Risk is higher among those with a history of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS).

• #22 Multiple myeloma incidence and mortality trends in the United States, 1999–2020 | Scientific Reports

  https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-024-65590-4

  Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell disorder accounting for approximately 10% of hematologic malignancies. There is limited epidemiological evidence regarding the long-term trends and disparities in MM in the US. We conducted a multiple time point cross-sectional study using MM incidence rate data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database and mortality data from the CDC Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research (CDC WONDER) Underlying Cause of Death database between 1999 and 2020. During this period, MM incidence has steadily increased, while MM mortality has steadily decreased, with substantial racial and ethnic disparities. Non-Hispanic Black individuals exhibited the highest incidence rates, which consistently rose from 12.02 (95% CI 10.54, 13.64) in 1999 to 14.20 (95% CI 12.93, 15.55) per 100,000 population by 2020. Non-Hispanic American Indian/Native Alaskans and Asian/Pacific Islanders demonstrated the lowest incidence rates of 5.59 (95% CI 2.69, 10.04) and 3.56 (95% CI 2.94, 4.27) per 100,000 population in 1999 to 5.76 (95% CI 3.49, 8.90) and 3.92 (95% CI 3.46, 4.42) per 100,000 population, respectively, by 2020. Disparities by gender, age, US census region, and rurality were observed, underscoring the importance of targeted, equity-centered interventions and MM screening initiatives for at-risk populations.

• #23 Multiple Myeloma: Practice Essentials, Pathophysiology, Etiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/204369-overview

  MM accounts for 10% of all hematologic cancers. The American Cancer Society estimates that in the United States, approximately 36,110 new cases of MM (20,030 in men and 16,080 in women) will be diagnosed in 2025. The lifetime risk of getting MM is approximately 1 in 108 for men and 1 in 133 for women (overall, 0.8%). Approximately 12,030 deaths from MM (6540 in men and 5490 in women) are expected to occur in the US in 2025. Rates for new MM cases rose slightly over the last decade, from 7.0 per 100,000 persons in 2011 to 7.1 per 100,000 persons in 2021, while death rates declined slightly, from 3.4 to 2.8 per 100,000 from 2012 to 2022. […] In the US, the annual incidence of MM per 100,000 persons is 8.1 cases in White men, 5.1 cases in White women, 17.1 cases in Black men, and 13.0 cases in Black women. For Hispanics, the rates are 7.9 in men and 5.8 in women. Rates are lowest for Asians/Pacific Islanders, at 5.1 in men and 3.3 in women. According to a study of the ethnic disparities among patients with MM, Hispanics had the youngest median age at diagnosis (65 years) and Whites had the oldest (71 years). Asians had the best overall survival rates, while Hispanics had the worst. […] The median age at diagnosis of MM is 69 years. Less than 14% of patients are younger than 55 years, and only about 3% are younger than 45 years.

• #24 Multiple Myeloma: Practice Essentials, Pathophysiology, Etiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/204369-overview

  MM accounts for 10% of all hematologic cancers. The American Cancer Society estimates that in the United States, approximately 36,110 new cases of MM (20,030 in men and 16,080 in women) will be diagnosed in 2025. The lifetime risk of getting MM is approximately 1 in 108 for men and 1 in 133 for women (overall, 0.8%). Approximately 12,030 deaths from MM (6540 in men and 5490 in women) are expected to occur in the US in 2025. Rates for new MM cases rose slightly over the last decade, from 7.0 per 100,000 persons in 2011 to 7.1 per 100,000 persons in 2021, while death rates declined slightly, from 3.4 to 2.8 per 100,000 from 2012 to 2022. […] In the US, the annual incidence of MM per 100,000 persons is 8.1 cases in White men, 5.1 cases in White women, 17.1 cases in Black men, and 13.0 cases in Black women. For Hispanics, the rates are 7.9 in men and 5.8 in women. Rates are lowest for Asians/Pacific Islanders, at 5.1 in men and 3.3 in women. According to a study of the ethnic disparities among patients with MM, Hispanics had the youngest median age at diagnosis (65 years) and Whites had the oldest (71 years). Asians had the best overall survival rates, while Hispanics had the worst. […] The median age at diagnosis of MM is 69 years. Less than 14% of patients are younger than 55 years, and only about 3% are younger than 45 years.

• #25 Multiple Myeloma: Practice Essentials, Pathophysiology, Etiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/204369-overview

  MM accounts for 10% of all hematologic cancers. The American Cancer Society estimates that in the United States, approximately 36,110 new cases of MM (20,030 in men and 16,080 in women) will be diagnosed in 2025. The lifetime risk of getting MM is approximately 1 in 108 for men and 1 in 133 for women (overall, 0.8%). Approximately 12,030 deaths from MM (6540 in men and 5490 in women) are expected to occur in the US in 2025. Rates for new MM cases rose slightly over the last decade, from 7.0 per 100,000 persons in 2011 to 7.1 per 100,000 persons in 2021, while death rates declined slightly, from 3.4 to 2.8 per 100,000 from 2012 to 2022. […] In the US, the annual incidence of MM per 100,000 persons is 8.1 cases in White men, 5.1 cases in White women, 17.1 cases in Black men, and 13.0 cases in Black women. For Hispanics, the rates are 7.9 in men and 5.8 in women. Rates are lowest for Asians/Pacific Islanders, at 5.1 in men and 3.3 in women. According to a study of the ethnic disparities among patients with MM, Hispanics had the youngest median age at diagnosis (65 years) and Whites had the oldest (71 years). Asians had the best overall survival rates, while Hispanics had the worst. […] The median age at diagnosis of MM is 69 years. Less than 14% of patients are younger than 55 years, and only about 3% are younger than 45 years.

• #26 Multiple Myeloma: Practice Essentials, Pathophysiology, Etiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/204369-overview

  MM accounts for 10% of all hematologic cancers. The American Cancer Society estimates that in the United States, approximately 36,110 new cases of MM (20,030 in men and 16,080 in women) will be diagnosed in 2025. The lifetime risk of getting MM is approximately 1 in 108 for men and 1 in 133 for women (overall, 0.8%). Approximately 12,030 deaths from MM (6540 in men and 5490 in women) are expected to occur in the US in 2025. Rates for new MM cases rose slightly over the last decade, from 7.0 per 100,000 persons in 2011 to 7.1 per 100,000 persons in 2021, while death rates declined slightly, from 3.4 to 2.8 per 100,000 from 2012 to 2022. […] In the US, the annual incidence of MM per 100,000 persons is 8.1 cases in White men, 5.1 cases in White women, 17.1 cases in Black men, and 13.0 cases in Black women. For Hispanics, the rates are 7.9 in men and 5.8 in women. Rates are lowest for Asians/Pacific Islanders, at 5.1 in men and 3.3 in women. According to a study of the ethnic disparities among patients with MM, Hispanics had the youngest median age at diagnosis (65 years) and Whites had the oldest (71 years). Asians had the best overall survival rates, while Hispanics had the worst. […] The median age at diagnosis of MM is 69 years. Less than 14% of patients are younger than 55 years, and only about 3% are younger than 45 years.

• #27 Multiple myeloma incidence and mortality trends in the United States, 1999–2020 | Scientific Reports

  https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-024-65590-4

  Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell disorder accounting for approximately 10% of hematologic malignancies. There is limited epidemiological evidence regarding the long-term trends and disparities in MM in the US. We conducted a multiple time point cross-sectional study using MM incidence rate data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database and mortality data from the CDC Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research (CDC WONDER) Underlying Cause of Death database between 1999 and 2020. During this period, MM incidence has steadily increased, while MM mortality has steadily decreased, with substantial racial and ethnic disparities. Non-Hispanic Black individuals exhibited the highest incidence rates, which consistently rose from 12.02 (95% CI 10.54, 13.64) in 1999 to 14.20 (95% CI 12.93, 15.55) per 100,000 population by 2020. Non-Hispanic American Indian/Native Alaskans and Asian/Pacific Islanders demonstrated the lowest incidence rates of 5.59 (95% CI 2.69, 10.04) and 3.56 (95% CI 2.94, 4.27) per 100,000 population in 1999 to 5.76 (95% CI 3.49, 8.90) and 3.92 (95% CI 3.46, 4.42) per 100,000 population, respectively, by 2020. Disparities by gender, age, US census region, and rurality were observed, underscoring the importance of targeted, equity-centered interventions and MM screening initiatives for at-risk populations.

• #28 Myeloma incidence statistics | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/health-professional/cancer-statistics/statistics-by-cancer-type/myeloma/incidence

  Myeloma is the 19th most common cancer in the UK, accounting for 2% of all new cancer cases (2017-2019). […] In females in the UK, myeloma is the 18th most common cancer (1% of all new female cancer cases). In males in the UK, it is the 16th most common cancer (2% of all new male cancer cases). […] 42% of myeloma cases in the UK are in females, and 58% are in males. […] Myeloma incidence rates (European age-standardised (AS) rate) for persons are significantly lower than the UK average in Scotland and Wales and are similar to the UK average in all other UK constituent countries. […] For myeloma, there are few established risk factors therefore differences between countries largely reflect differences in diagnosis and data recording. […] In the UK in 2017-2019, on average each year more than 4 in 10 new cases (43%) were in people aged 75 and over.

• #29 Myeloma statistics | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/health-professional/cancer-statistics/statistics-by-cancer-type/myeloma

  There are around 6,200 new myeloma cases in the UK every year, that’s 17 every day (2017-2019). […] Myeloma is the 19th most common cancer in the UK, accounting for 2% of all new cancer cases (2017-2019). […] In females in the UK, myeloma is the 18th most common cancer, with around 2,600 new cases every year (2017-2019). […] In males in the UK, myeloma is the 16th most common cancer, with around 3,600 new cases every year (2017-2019). […] Incidence rates for myeloma in the UK are highest in people aged 85 to 89 (2017-2019). […] Each year more than 4 in 10 (43%) of all new myeloma cases in the UK are diagnosed in people aged 75 and over (2017-2019). […] Since the early 1990s, myeloma incidence rates have increased by more than a third (36%) in the UK. Rates in females have increased by a quarter (25%), and rates in males have increased by two-fifths (40%) (2017-2019).

• #30 Myeloma statistics | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/health-professional/cancer-statistics/statistics-by-cancer-type/myeloma

  There are around 6,200 new myeloma cases in the UK every year, that’s 17 every day (2017-2019). […] Myeloma is the 19th most common cancer in the UK, accounting for 2% of all new cancer cases (2017-2019). […] In females in the UK, myeloma is the 18th most common cancer, with around 2,600 new cases every year (2017-2019). […] In males in the UK, myeloma is the 16th most common cancer, with around 3,600 new cases every year (2017-2019). […] Incidence rates for myeloma in the UK are highest in people aged 85 to 89 (2017-2019). […] Each year more than 4 in 10 (43%) of all new myeloma cases in the UK are diagnosed in people aged 75 and over (2017-2019). […] Since the early 1990s, myeloma incidence rates have increased by more than a third (36%) in the UK. Rates in females have increased by a quarter (25%), and rates in males have increased by two-fifths (40%) (2017-2019).

• #31 Myeloma incidence statistics | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/health-professional/cancer-statistics/statistics-by-cancer-type/myeloma/incidence

  Myeloma is the 19th most common cancer in the UK, accounting for 2% of all new cancer cases (2017-2019). […] In females in the UK, myeloma is the 18th most common cancer (1% of all new female cancer cases). In males in the UK, it is the 16th most common cancer (2% of all new male cancer cases). […] 42% of myeloma cases in the UK are in females, and 58% are in males. […] Myeloma incidence rates (European age-standardised (AS) rate) for persons are significantly lower than the UK average in Scotland and Wales and are similar to the UK average in all other UK constituent countries. […] For myeloma, there are few established risk factors therefore differences between countries largely reflect differences in diagnosis and data recording. […] In the UK in 2017-2019, on average each year more than 4 in 10 new cases (43%) were in people aged 75 and over.

• #32 Myeloma incidence statistics | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/health-professional/cancer-statistics/statistics-by-cancer-type/myeloma/incidence

  Age-specific incidence rates rise from age 35-39 more steeply for males than females and drop in the oldest age groups. The highest rates are in the 80 to 84 age group for females and the 85 to 89 age group for males. […] For myeloma, like most cancer types, incidence increases with age. This largely reflects cell DNA damage accumulating over time. […] Myeloma European age-standardised (AS) incidence rates for females and males combined increased by 36% in the UK between 1993-1995 and 2017-2019. […] The increase was larger in males than in females. […] For females, myeloma AS incidence rates in the UK increased by 25% between 1993-1995 and 2017-2019. For males, myeloma AS incidence rates in the UK increased by 40% between 1993-1995 and 2017-2019. […] Myeloma incidence rates have increased overall in most broad age groups in females and males combined in the UK since the early 1990s, but have remained stable in some.

• #33 Myeloma statistics | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/health-professional/cancer-statistics/statistics-by-cancer-type/myeloma

  There are around 6,200 new myeloma cases in the UK every year, that’s 17 every day (2017-2019). […] Myeloma is the 19th most common cancer in the UK, accounting for 2% of all new cancer cases (2017-2019). […] In females in the UK, myeloma is the 18th most common cancer, with around 2,600 new cases every year (2017-2019). […] In males in the UK, myeloma is the 16th most common cancer, with around 3,600 new cases every year (2017-2019). […] Incidence rates for myeloma in the UK are highest in people aged 85 to 89 (2017-2019). […] Each year more than 4 in 10 (43%) of all new myeloma cases in the UK are diagnosed in people aged 75 and over (2017-2019). […] Since the early 1990s, myeloma incidence rates have increased by more than a third (36%) in the UK. Rates in females have increased by a quarter (25%), and rates in males have increased by two-fifths (40%) (2017-2019).

• #34 EPIDEMIOLOGY OF MULTIPLE MYELOMA: DATA FROM THE FRENCH NATIONAL…. EHA Library. Touzeau C. Jun 9 2021; 325756

  https://library.ehaweb.org/eha/2021/eha2021-virtual-congress/325756/cyrille.touzeau.epidemiology.of.multiple.myeloma.data.from.the.french.national.html?f=listing%3D3%2Abrowseby%3D8%2Asortby%3D1%2Amedia%3D1

  Multiple myeloma (MM) is considered as an incurable hematologic disease. Net cancer-specific survival at 5 years after diagnosis of MM was estimated at 47% between 2005 and 2010. […] The world age-standardized MM incidence rate in France was estimated at 4.1/100 000/year in 2020, based on extrapolations from available regional data. […] This study expands existing epidemiological data on MM patients in France and is the first to present recent nationwide results by line of treatment. Incidence rates are in accordance with the estimations from French network of cancer registries confirming that the French health insurance databases are a valuable source of data to further study the therapeutic management of multiple myeloma.

• #35 Krebs – Multiple myeloma

  https://www.krebsdaten.de/Krebs/EN/Content/Cancer_sites/Multiple_myeloma/multiple_myeloma_node.html

  Multiple myeloma and plasma cell neoplasms are malignant proliferations of antibody-producing plasma cells. This type of cancer usually first occurs in the bone marrow, where it often forms several disease foci (multiple myeloma) with corresponding complications such as bone fractures and pain or blood count changes. Only about 1 percent of cases are diagnosed in organs outside the bone marrow (extramedullary plasmacytoma). […] In 2020, multiple myeloma was diagnosed in about 3,010 women and 3,700 men in Germany. Disease risk increases significantly with age; diagnoses before the age of 45 are extremely rare. Recent age-standardised incidence and mortality rates among women and men have been fairly constant. […] With relative 5-year survival rates of 58 percent for women and 56 percent for men, the prognosis is rather unfavourable. Generally, a permanent cure is not to be expected. However, the disease can show few symptoms for a relatively long time, and temporary remissions are possible under therapy.

• #36 Multiple myeloma

  https://www.abpi.org.uk/facts-figures-and-industry-data/cancer-in-the-uk-digital-data-toolkit/multiple-myeloma/

  In 2018, the UK ranked 2nd amongst the 31 European countries studied for the incidence of multiple myeloma, with 10 people in every 100,000 being diagnosed with the condition (ranging from 2 cases per 100,000 people in Bulgaria to 10 per 100,000 people in Italy). […] The UK’s incidence rate for this cancer type was higher than the European average of 8 cases per 100,000 people. […] In 2018, the UK ranked 10th amongst the 31 European countries studied for the mortality of multiple myeloma, with 5 in every 100,000 people dying from the condition (ranging from 2 deaths per 100,000 people in Bulgaria to 7 per 100,000 people in Portugal). […] The UK’s mortality rate for this cancer type was similar to the European average. […] Survival data was only collected for leukaemia, Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, Hodgkin lymphoma and multiple myeloma for all countries. […] In 2018, the UK’s cumulative uptake of multiple myeloma medicines analysed ranked 14th amongst the 26 European countries studied. […] The UK’s cumulative uptake for multiple myeloma medicines was the lowest amongst the other EU5 countries Italy, Germany, France and Spain.

• #37 Multiple myeloma statistics | Canadian Cancer Society

  https://cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/multiple-myeloma/statistics

  To provide the most current cancer statistics, statistical methods are used to estimate the number of new cancer cases and deaths until actual data become available. […] It is estimated that in 2024: […] 4,100 Canadians will be diagnosed with multiple myeloma. […] 1,750 Canadians will die from multiple myeloma. […] 2,400 men will be diagnosed with multiple myeloma and 1,000 will die from it. […] 1,750 women will be diagnosed with multiple myeloma and 720 will die from it.

• #38 Canadian myeloma statistics

  https://myeloma.ca/recently-diagnosed/resource-library-2/statistics/

  According to the 2024 Canadian Cancer Statistics, the number of new myeloma cases diagnosed in 2024 was estimated at 4,100 (2,400 males and 1,750 females) representing an age-standardized incidence rate of 10.5 in 100,000 for males and 6.6 in 100,000 for females. […] The total number of deaths from myeloma in Canada was estimated at 1,750 (1,000 males and 720 females) representing an age-standardized mortality rate of 4.5 in 100,000 for males and 2.6 in 100,000 for females. […] Approximately 11 people are diagnosed with myeloma each day. […] Myeloma accounts for 1.9% of total projected new Canadian cancer cases in males and 1.4% in females. […] As of 2022, the prevalence of myeloma was determined to be 1 in 2,505 Canadians affected by the disease. Comparatively, more Canadians were living with myeloma in 2022 than with better-known cancers such as liver cancer (1 in 5511), pancreatic cancer (1 in 5011), and esophageal cancer (1 in 7397).

• #39 Canadian myeloma statistics

  https://myeloma.ca/recently-diagnosed/resource-library-2/statistics/

  According to the 2024 Canadian Cancer Statistics, the number of new myeloma cases diagnosed in 2024 was estimated at 4,100 (2,400 males and 1,750 females) representing an age-standardized incidence rate of 10.5 in 100,000 for males and 6.6 in 100,000 for females. […] The total number of deaths from myeloma in Canada was estimated at 1,750 (1,000 males and 720 females) representing an age-standardized mortality rate of 4.5 in 100,000 for males and 2.6 in 100,000 for females. […] Approximately 11 people are diagnosed with myeloma each day. […] Myeloma accounts for 1.9% of total projected new Canadian cancer cases in males and 1.4% in females. […] As of 2022, the prevalence of myeloma was determined to be 1 in 2,505 Canadians affected by the disease. Comparatively, more Canadians were living with myeloma in 2022 than with better-known cancers such as liver cancer (1 in 5511), pancreatic cancer (1 in 5011), and esophageal cancer (1 in 7397).

• #40 The global multiple myeloma incidence and mortality burden in 2022 and predictions for 2045 – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39658225/

  Multiple myeloma (MM) is an important hematological malignancy in older adults, with a relatively poor prognosis. We aimed to present the current global patterns of incidence and mortality from MM, and predict new cancer cases and deaths by 2045. […] Globally, 188 000 MM cases and 121 000 deaths were estimated in 2022. Eastern Asia and Northern America accounted for one-fifth of all cases each (21% and 19% respectively), followed by South-Central Asia (11%), and Western Europe (9%). The incidence rates were higher in men than in women with similar geographical patterns. While the incidence rates were highest in Northern America and Australia/New Zealand (4/100 000 for both sexes combined), the highest mortality rates (1.8/100 000) were found in Australia/New Zealand, Northern Europe, and Southern Africa. In the absence of changing rates, the estimated incidence and mortality of MM will increase by 71% and 79%, respectively by 2045 relative to 2022. […] Our study highlights the substantial burden and variations in MM incidence and mortality reflecting global disparities in diagnosis and treatment. Improved surveillance and better disease control is needed to mitigate the global impact of MM in the presence of population aging and growth.

• #41

  https://www.cancervic.org.au/cancer-information/statistics/multiple-myeloma.html

  In 2022, 620 Victorians were diagnosed with multiple myeloma. Of these, there were 366 males and 254 females, representing 59% and 41% of the total Victorian multiple myeloma diagnoses, respectively. Currently, multiple myeloma is diagnosed at a rate of 5.4 per 100,000 males and 3.5 per 100,000 females. The median age at diagnosis of multiple myeloma is 71 years in males and 72 in females. Accounting for 1.8% of all cancers diagnosed and 2% of all cancer-related deaths in 2022, multiple myeloma was the 16th most commonly diagnosed cancer and the 17th most common cause of cancer-related deaths in Victoria in 2022. […] Figure 3 shows that for males between 1982 to 2022 the incidence of multiple myeloma increased by an average of 2.1% per year. For females between 1982 to 2012 the incidence of multiple myeloma increased by an average of 2.3% per year, and between 2012 to 2022 incidence stabilised.

• #42 Epidemiology, Treatment Trends, and Outcomes of Multiple Myeloma in the Middle East and Africa: A Systematic Review | Published in Clinical Hematology International

  https://chi.scholasticahq.com/article/92555

  Studies conducted in Africa indicate that MM constitutes 8.2% of all blood cancers in the region. […] The UAE and Qatar have reported the highest increases in MM cases across the world in the last three decades. […] The incidence per 100,000 in the included studies ranged between 58 in Kuwait and 2,535 in North Africa. The 5-year prevalence per 100,000 was the lowest in Kuwait, at 155, and the highest in North Africa, at 5,625. Mortality ranged between 33 in the UAE and 2,185 in North Africa. […] The included studies did not provide epidemiological data. GLOBOCAN 2020 data are inclusive of epidemiological data from national and local sources in the respective countries, if available. […] The incidence of MM is increasing in the Middle East and Africa. However, cost effectiveness analysis of novel drugs and treatment regimens and their impact on patients in this region remains to be performed. However, improving healthcare settings and understanding the trends of the disease in this region through in-depth country-specific research will pave the way for improved care.

• #43 Epidemiology, Treatment Trends, and Outcomes of Multiple Myeloma in the Middle East and Africa: A Systematic Review | Published in Clinical Hematology International

  https://chi.scholasticahq.com/article/92555

  Studies conducted in Africa indicate that MM constitutes 8.2% of all blood cancers in the region. […] The UAE and Qatar have reported the highest increases in MM cases across the world in the last three decades. […] The incidence per 100,000 in the included studies ranged between 58 in Kuwait and 2,535 in North Africa. The 5-year prevalence per 100,000 was the lowest in Kuwait, at 155, and the highest in North Africa, at 5,625. Mortality ranged between 33 in the UAE and 2,185 in North Africa. […] The included studies did not provide epidemiological data. GLOBOCAN 2020 data are inclusive of epidemiological data from national and local sources in the respective countries, if available. […] The incidence of MM is increasing in the Middle East and Africa. However, cost effectiveness analysis of novel drugs and treatment regimens and their impact on patients in this region remains to be performed. However, improving healthcare settings and understanding the trends of the disease in this region through in-depth country-specific research will pave the way for improved care.

• #44 Multiple Myeloma: Practice Essentials, Pathophysiology, Etiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/204369-overview

  MM accounts for 10% of all hematologic cancers. The American Cancer Society estimates that in the United States, approximately 36,110 new cases of MM (20,030 in men and 16,080 in women) will be diagnosed in 2025. The lifetime risk of getting MM is approximately 1 in 108 for men and 1 in 133 for women (overall, 0.8%). Approximately 12,030 deaths from MM (6540 in men and 5490 in women) are expected to occur in the US in 2025. Rates for new MM cases rose slightly over the last decade, from 7.0 per 100,000 persons in 2011 to 7.1 per 100,000 persons in 2021, while death rates declined slightly, from 3.4 to 2.8 per 100,000 from 2012 to 2022. […] In the US, the annual incidence of MM per 100,000 persons is 8.1 cases in White men, 5.1 cases in White women, 17.1 cases in Black men, and 13.0 cases in Black women. For Hispanics, the rates are 7.9 in men and 5.8 in women. Rates are lowest for Asians/Pacific Islanders, at 5.1 in men and 3.3 in women. According to a study of the ethnic disparities among patients with MM, Hispanics had the youngest median age at diagnosis (65 years) and Whites had the oldest (71 years). Asians had the best overall survival rates, while Hispanics had the worst. […] The median age at diagnosis of MM is 69 years. Less than 14% of patients are younger than 55 years, and only about 3% are younger than 45 years.

• #45 Multiple Myeloma Treatment: The Price of Success

  https://www.managedhealthcareexecutive.com/view/the-price-of-success

  Multiple myeloma is a cancer of blood plasma cells that typically affects older people; the median age of those who are diagnosed is 69. […] According to the American Cancer Society’s Cancer Facts and Figures 2025 report, there will be approximately 36,000 new cases of multiple myeloma diagnosed this year and slightly more than 12,000 deaths related to the disease. It is the 14th most common cancer, representing 1.8% of new cancers in the U.S., according to the National Cancer Institute’s Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) data. […] SEER data now show that the median overall survival for multiple myeloma is 8.6 years, […] and that the death rate has dropped by 56% over the past 25 years. As a result, there are now approximately 180,000 people in the U.S. living with multiple myeloma, according to SEER data.

• #46 Key Statistics for Multiple Myeloma | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/multiple-myeloma/about/key-statistics.html

  About 36,110 new cases will be diagnosed (20,030 in men and 16,080 in women). […] About 12,030 deaths are expected to occur (6,540 in men and 5,490 in women). […] In the United States, the average lifetime risk of getting multiple myeloma is less than 1% about 1 in 108 for men and 1 in 133 for women. […] Multiple myeloma is most common in older people. Less than 1% of these cancers are diagnosed in people younger than 35. Most people diagnosed with multiple myeloma are at least 65 years old. The average age of people diagnosed is 69.

• #47 Epidemiology, Staging, and Management of Multiple Myeloma

  https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3271/9/1/3

  In 2018, an estimated 106,000 people globally perished of MM, accounting for 1.1% of all cancer deaths. […] In the US, 12,800 people were estimated to perish in 2020 from MM, accounting for 2.1% of all cancer deaths. While incidence has risen over the past decades, mortality has fallen due to the drastically increased survival. […] Multiple myeloma is a neoplasm of older adults with the median age at diagnosis being 69 in the US. Over 60% of diagnoses are made in those greater than 65, and less than 15% of diagnoses are made in those under 55. […] It is about 1.5× more common among men than women, globally. […] It is more than twice as common among African Americans with an incidence of 16.5/100,000 among African American men and 12.0/100,000 among African American women (compared to 8.2 and 5.0, respectively, for Caucasians). […] While family clusters of MM have been described, underlying predisposing germline mutations have yet to be characterized.

• #48 Epidemiology, Staging, and Management of Multiple Myeloma

  https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3271/9/1/3

  In 2018, an estimated 106,000 people globally perished of MM, accounting for 1.1% of all cancer deaths. […] In the US, 12,800 people were estimated to perish in 2020 from MM, accounting for 2.1% of all cancer deaths. While incidence has risen over the past decades, mortality has fallen due to the drastically increased survival. […] Multiple myeloma is a neoplasm of older adults with the median age at diagnosis being 69 in the US. Over 60% of diagnoses are made in those greater than 65, and less than 15% of diagnoses are made in those under 55. […] It is about 1.5× more common among men than women, globally. […] It is more than twice as common among African Americans with an incidence of 16.5/100,000 among African American men and 12.0/100,000 among African American women (compared to 8.2 and 5.0, respectively, for Caucasians). […] While family clusters of MM have been described, underlying predisposing germline mutations have yet to be characterized.

• #49 Multiple myeloma: An overview

  https://multiplemyelomahub.com/medical-information/multiple-myeloma-an-overview

  Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most common hematological malignancy diagnosed in adults, with the highest prevalence among older male patients from non-White backgrounds. […] Men are 1.5 times more likely to develop MM than women. […] The age-standardized rate (ASR) of MM globally is 1.78 people per 100,000, with the highest incidence recorded in Australia and New Zealand (ASR: 4.86) and the lowest in western Africa (ASR: 0.81). […] Across all regions, MM is most prevalent in males, particularly in those over 65 years.

• #50 Key Statistics for Multiple Myeloma | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/multiple-myeloma/about/key-statistics.html

  About 36,110 new cases will be diagnosed (20,030 in men and 16,080 in women). […] About 12,030 deaths are expected to occur (6,540 in men and 5,490 in women). […] In the United States, the average lifetime risk of getting multiple myeloma is less than 1% about 1 in 108 for men and 1 in 133 for women. […] Multiple myeloma is most common in older people. Less than 1% of these cancers are diagnosed in people younger than 35. Most people diagnosed with multiple myeloma are at least 65 years old. The average age of people diagnosed is 69.

• #51 Epidemiology, Staging, and Management of Multiple Myeloma

  https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3271/9/1/3

  In 2018, an estimated 106,000 people globally perished of MM, accounting for 1.1% of all cancer deaths. […] In the US, 12,800 people were estimated to perish in 2020 from MM, accounting for 2.1% of all cancer deaths. While incidence has risen over the past decades, mortality has fallen due to the drastically increased survival. […] Multiple myeloma is a neoplasm of older adults with the median age at diagnosis being 69 in the US. Over 60% of diagnoses are made in those greater than 65, and less than 15% of diagnoses are made in those under 55. […] It is about 1.5× more common among men than women, globally. […] It is more than twice as common among African Americans with an incidence of 16.5/100,000 among African American men and 12.0/100,000 among African American women (compared to 8.2 and 5.0, respectively, for Caucasians). […] While family clusters of MM have been described, underlying predisposing germline mutations have yet to be characterized.

• #52 Multiple myeloma epidemiology and demographics – wikidoc

  https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Multiple_myeloma_epidemiology_and_demographics

  Myeloma is the 14th leading cause of cancer death in the United States. According to an estimation in 2015, there were 124,733 people with myeloma living in the United States. […] The incidence of multiple myeloma increases with age, and the median age at diagnosis is 69 years. […] Males are more commonly affected with multiple myeloma than females. The male to female ratio is approximately 1.54 to 1. […] Among African Americans, multiple myeloma is one of the top 10 leading causes of cancer deaths. The incidence of multiple myeloma in the African American population is more than the European American population. African Americans have a 2-fold higher age-standardized incidence rate of multiple myeloma than Caucasians. The incidence of multiple myeloma in African Americans is 9.6 per 100,000 persons. The incidence of Caucasians is 4.1 per 100,000 persons.

• #53 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/Multiple-Myeloma-Epidemiology.aspx

  Multiple myeloma affects thousands of people worldwide and is the second most common cancer of the blood only to non-Hodgkins lymphoma. Multiple myeloma accounts for around 1% of all cancers worldwide and for about 2% of cancer-related deaths. The most common age of onset is between 65 and 70 years. However, recent estimates suggest that the age of onset is actually decreasing. […] Currently, nearly 45,000 people are affected with this cancer in the United States and around 14,600 new cases of the disease are diagnosed annually. […] Male gender increases the risk for multiple myeloma, which is slightly more prevalent in men than women. African Americans appear to be at the highest risk for the disease, while Asians are at the lowest risk. One study demonstrated that the incidence of myeloma in African Americans is 9.5 per 100,000 people while among Caucasian Americans, the rate is 4.1 per 100,000 individuals. In the African American population, myeloma is among the top ten cancers to cause death.

• #54 Multiple myeloma epidemiology and demographics – wikidoc

  https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Multiple_myeloma_epidemiology_and_demographics

  Myeloma is the 14th leading cause of cancer death in the United States. According to an estimation in 2015, there were 124,733 people with myeloma living in the United States. […] The incidence of multiple myeloma increases with age, and the median age at diagnosis is 69 years. […] Males are more commonly affected with multiple myeloma than females. The male to female ratio is approximately 1.54 to 1. […] Among African Americans, multiple myeloma is one of the top 10 leading causes of cancer deaths. The incidence of multiple myeloma in the African American population is more than the European American population. African Americans have a 2-fold higher age-standardized incidence rate of multiple myeloma than Caucasians. The incidence of multiple myeloma in African Americans is 9.6 per 100,000 persons. The incidence of Caucasians is 4.1 per 100,000 persons.

• #55 Who Gets Multiple Myeloma?

  https://www.webmd.com/cancer/multiple-myeloma/who-gets-multiple-myeloma

  Those who are most at risk include: Older people: Multiple myeloma is a cancer of advanced age. The average age of diagnosis in the U.S. is 69. Fewer than 15% of people diagnosed with myeloma are younger than 55. Doctors think rates of multiple myeloma have increased in recent years because people are living longer. […] Men are 1.5 times more likely to get multiple myeloma than women. Researchers think this may be because men have higher rates of obesity and unhealthy habits like smoking and drinking alcohol. But theres no proof of a direct link. […] The disease occurs twice as often in Black Americans as white ones. Whats more, African-Americans often get multiple myeloma at a younger age. Doctors arent sure why. U.S. patients of Asian and Pacific Islander descent have the lowest rates of the disease. […] U.S. deaths from myeloma decreased for men and women from 2014 to 2018, the most recent years for which statistics are available. In 2024, about 12,540 Americans were expected to die of the disease.

• #56 Multiple myeloma epidemiology and demographics – wikidoc

  https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Multiple_myeloma_epidemiology_and_demographics

  Myeloma is the 14th leading cause of cancer death in the United States. According to an estimation in 2015, there were 124,733 people with myeloma living in the United States. […] The incidence of multiple myeloma increases with age, and the median age at diagnosis is 69 years. […] Males are more commonly affected with multiple myeloma than females. The male to female ratio is approximately 1.54 to 1. […] Among African Americans, multiple myeloma is one of the top 10 leading causes of cancer deaths. The incidence of multiple myeloma in the African American population is more than the European American population. African Americans have a 2-fold higher age-standardized incidence rate of multiple myeloma than Caucasians. The incidence of multiple myeloma in African Americans is 9.6 per 100,000 persons. The incidence of Caucasians is 4.1 per 100,000 persons.

• #57 Multiple myeloma incidence and mortality trends in the United States, 1999–2020 | Scientific Reports

  https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-024-65590-4

  MM accounts for approximately 2% of cancer diagnoses and 10% of hematologic malignancies in the United States, notably, with incidence rates rising by 40% in the United States and nearly 130% globally since 1990. During this period, MM mortality rates have fallen to 18% while five-year overall survival rates have increased to nearly 54%, driven by novel therapies introduced over the past two decades amidst other advancements in cancer care. […] Significant disparities exist, with incidence rates among non-Hispanic Black Americans being more than two-fold higher compared to their non-Hispanic White counterparts, as well as disproportionately higher five-year mortality rates. In contrast, Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) individuals consistently demonstrated the lowest rates of MM incidence and mortality.

• #58 Who Gets Multiple Myeloma?

  https://www.webmd.com/cancer/multiple-myeloma/who-gets-multiple-myeloma

  Those who are most at risk include: Older people: Multiple myeloma is a cancer of advanced age. The average age of diagnosis in the U.S. is 69. Fewer than 15% of people diagnosed with myeloma are younger than 55. Doctors think rates of multiple myeloma have increased in recent years because people are living longer. […] Men are 1.5 times more likely to get multiple myeloma than women. Researchers think this may be because men have higher rates of obesity and unhealthy habits like smoking and drinking alcohol. But theres no proof of a direct link. […] The disease occurs twice as often in Black Americans as white ones. Whats more, African-Americans often get multiple myeloma at a younger age. Doctors arent sure why. U.S. patients of Asian and Pacific Islander descent have the lowest rates of the disease. […] U.S. deaths from myeloma decreased for men and women from 2014 to 2018, the most recent years for which statistics are available. In 2024, about 12,540 Americans were expected to die of the disease.

• #59 Dr Zonder on the Epidemiology of Multiple Myeloma

  https://www.onclive.com/view/dr-zonder-on-the-epidemiology-of-multiple-myeloma?utm_source=www.onclive.com&utm_medium=relatedContent

  Jeffrey Zonder, MD, discusses the current epidemiological landscape of multiple myeloma in the United States. […] „A higher risk of MGUS leads to a higher risk of myeloma in older people and in Black people compared with other populations.” […] Epidemiologic data indicate that the incidence of multiple myeloma is approximately twice as high in non-Hispanic Black individuals compared with the general United States population. This disparity is well documented, with studies showing a significantly elevated risk of diagnosis in this population. […] Zonder emphasized the importance of improving awareness of multiple myeloma risk in high-incidence populations, particularly among primary care providers who are often the first to detect MGUS during routine evaluations. Increased clinical vigilance may support earlier diagnosis, timely risk stratification, and referral to hematology/oncology specialists, potentially reducing disparities in treatment initiation and outcomes. […] Ongoing research is focused on elucidating the genetic and biologic differences contributing to MGUS prevalence and multiple myeloma progression across racial and ethnic groups, which may ultimately inform targeted screening strategies and precision medicine approaches in the future.

• #60 Multiple Myeloma Epidemiology in African Americans – Standing in the Gaap

  https://www.myelomacentral.com/africanamericans/resources-for-healthcare-professionals/epidemiology-in-african-americans

  Certain characteristics put some people at higher risk for multiple myeloma. […] African Americans are often diagnosed at a younger age than White Americans. […] Since younger African American patients have a higher incidence of MGUS, a precursor to multiple myeloma, the chances of developing the disease are increased for this population. […] African Americans are 2 to 3 times more likely to have MGUS compared to White patients, and are nearly 2 times more likely to progress to multiple myeloma. […] A younger diagnosis of MGUS increases chances of developing multiple myeloma. […] Even though their risk profile may result in better prognoses, they experience higher mortality, suggesting that poorer outcomes are a function of disparity of care.

• #61

  https://nepjol.info/index.php/JAIM/article/view/5837

  Multiple myeloma has an incidence rate of 102,000 and death rate of 72,000 people per year worldwide. The incidence varies by ethnicity with highest rates observed in African Americans followed by people from industrialized nations. Consistent risk factors for MM include increasing age, male gender, black race, MGUS, and family history with familial aggregates seen globally. […] The International Staging System (ISS) was first validated in MM patients from North America and Europe and has shown significant correlation to survival in cohorts from South America and Asia. […] Recent data from several countries in South America and Asia have also shown similar advances in response rates and survival to ASCT and novel agents. The parallel improvements signify that monitoring adequate and equal access to care is critically important in order to improve the long term outcome of MM globally.

• #62

  https://www.xiahepublishing.com/2572-5505/JERP-2022-00059

  Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most common hematologic malignancy with high morbidity and mortality indices. […] MM accounts for 12% of all cancers and 10-15% of hematological cancers. […] MM is the second most commonest hematologic malignancy after non-Hodgkins lymphoma with an incidence rate of about 7.8 per 100,000 adults per year in the United Kingdom. […] The black race is more prone to suffer MM compared to their white counterparts. […] MM has a 35% familial tendency among family members and spouses with HLA-Cw2 and HLA-Cw5. […] The literature indicates that eight risk factors are linked with MM, and two major pathogenic pathways are paramount in its evolution. […] To holistically address the burden of MM, there is a need for in-depth knowledge of the environmental risk factors and disease pathogenic mechanisms. […] A policy on MM risk assessment is therefore strongly recommended for exposed target population.

• #63 Krebs – Multiple myeloma

  https://www.krebsdaten.de/Krebs/EN/Content/Cancer_sites/Multiple_myeloma/multiple_myeloma_node.html

  The causes of multiple myeloma are still largely unknown. A monoclonal gammopathy of unclear significance (MGUS) is considered a precursor of multiple myeloma. Other recognised risk factors for multiple myeloma are advanced age, male gender and family history of multiple myeloma. […] Chronic infections, such as HIV infection or hepatitis C virus infection, are associated with an increased risk of multiple myeloma. Recent study data also suggest that being overweight is associated with an increased risk. […] There is contradictory evidence as to whether certain lifestyle habits, exposure to environmental toxins or radiation influence the risk of multiple myeloma.

• #64 Epidemiology of Multiple Myeloma | SpringerLink

  https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-540-85772-3_2

  Multiple myelomas are a less frequent cancer site among both sexes. On a worldwide scale, it is estimated that about 86 000 incident cases occur annually, accounting for about 0.8% of all new cancer cases. About 63 000 subjects are reported to die from the disease each year, accounting for 0.9% of all cancer deaths. Geographically, the frequency is very unevenly distributed in the world with the highest incidence in the industrialised regions of Australia / New Zealand, Europe and North America. Incidence and mortality seem to be stable in Asian countries and to increase slowly over the decades among whites in the western countries. […] The etiology is poorly understood. This depends partly upon the fact that the risk factors which play a major role for malignant diseases in general, such as tobacco consumption and diet have not been found strongly involved into multiple myeloma etiology. Nevertheless, some consistency seems to be in the findings about a risk elevation with obesity and a slightly decreased risk with high fruit consumption. Despite some contradicting results, indications to a role of ionising radiation persist. Finally, infections with HIV and hepatitis C virus appear related to an elevated multiple myeloma risk. Currently, large efforts are undertaken to unravel the etiology of malignant lymphoma including those of multiple myeloma.

• #65 Krebs – Multiple myeloma

  https://www.krebsdaten.de/Krebs/EN/Content/Cancer_sites/Multiple_myeloma/multiple_myeloma_node.html

  The causes of multiple myeloma are still largely unknown. A monoclonal gammopathy of unclear significance (MGUS) is considered a precursor of multiple myeloma. Other recognised risk factors for multiple myeloma are advanced age, male gender and family history of multiple myeloma. […] Chronic infections, such as HIV infection or hepatitis C virus infection, are associated with an increased risk of multiple myeloma. Recent study data also suggest that being overweight is associated with an increased risk. […] There is contradictory evidence as to whether certain lifestyle habits, exposure to environmental toxins or radiation influence the risk of multiple myeloma.

• #66 Measuring the global, regional, and national burden of multiple myeloma from 1990 to 2019 | BMC Cancer | Full Text

  https://bmccancer.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12885-021-08280-y

  The incidence rate of MM is the highest in North America, Australia, New Zealand, and Europe, whereas it is the lowest in Asia (except for Western Asia). […] The median age at diagnosis of MM is approximately 70years; 37, 26, and 37% of MM patients were65, 6574years, 75years, respectively. […] The ASIR for both men and women increased with increasing age, and the ASIR for men was larger than that for women in all age groups. […] The ASDR for both men and women increased with increasing age and was larger for men than women in all age groups. […] The percentage of age-standardized death and DALYs attributable to a high body mass index increased over the past 30years.

• #67 Epidemiology, Staging, and Management of Multiple Myeloma

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7838784/

  Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell disorder that is on the rise throughout the world, especially in the US, Australia, and Western Europe. In the US, MM accounts for almost 2% of cancer diagnoses and over 2% of cancer deaths (more than double the global proportion). Incidence has risen by 126% globally and over 40% in the US since 1990, while global mortality has risen by 94% and US mortality has fallen by 18%. […] According to the latest Global Cancer Observatory (GLOBOCAN) statistics, there were an estimated 160,000 cases of MM globally in 2018, accounting for 0.9% of all cancer diagnoses. […] It is more common, and rising in incidence, in the developed world with the highest incidence in Australia, Western Europe, and the US. In the US, an estimated 32,000 cases were estimated to be diagnosed in 2020, accounting for 1.8% of all cancer diagnoses. This makes multiple myeloma the 14th most common neoplasm. The current estimated incidence rate, 7.0/100,000, is a 143% increase since 1975, when the incidence was 4.9/100,000.

• #68 Epidemiology, Staging, and Management of Multiple Myeloma

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7838784/

  In 2018, an estimated 106,000 people globally perished of MM, accounting for 1.1% of all cancer deaths. […] In the US, 12,800 people were estimated to perish in 2020 from MM, accounting for 2.1% of all cancer deaths. While incidence has risen over the past decades, mortality has fallen due to the drastically increased survival. […] Global deaths due to the neoplasm increased by 94% from 1990 to 2016. […] The survival has more than doubled over the past decades due to the introduction of new chemotherapy combinations, targeted small molecule inhibitors, and monoclonal antibodies. […] Multiple myeloma is an aggressive plasma cell dyscrasia that is on the rise in the US and much of the developed world. In the US, MM constitutes over 2% of all cancer deaths (which is double the proportion in the rest of the world). While incidence has grown by over 40% in the US over the past decades, mortality has fallen, and 5 year survival has more than doubled thanks to the introduction of new therapies and transplant techniques.

• #69 The global multiple myeloma incidence and mortality burden in 2022 and predictions for 2045 – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39658225/

  Multiple myeloma (MM) is an important hematological malignancy in older adults, with a relatively poor prognosis. We aimed to present the current global patterns of incidence and mortality from MM, and predict new cancer cases and deaths by 2045. […] Globally, 188 000 MM cases and 121 000 deaths were estimated in 2022. Eastern Asia and Northern America accounted for one-fifth of all cases each (21% and 19% respectively), followed by South-Central Asia (11%), and Western Europe (9%). The incidence rates were higher in men than in women with similar geographical patterns. While the incidence rates were highest in Northern America and Australia/New Zealand (4/100 000 for both sexes combined), the highest mortality rates (1.8/100 000) were found in Australia/New Zealand, Northern Europe, and Southern Africa. In the absence of changing rates, the estimated incidence and mortality of MM will increase by 71% and 79%, respectively by 2045 relative to 2022. […] Our study highlights the substantial burden and variations in MM incidence and mortality reflecting global disparities in diagnosis and treatment. Improved surveillance and better disease control is needed to mitigate the global impact of MM in the presence of population aging and growth.

• #70 Epidemiological update on the incidence of multiple myeloma and mortality up to 2020

  https://multiplemyelomahub.com/medical-information/epidemiological-update-on-the-incidence-of-multiple-myeloma-and-mortality-up-to-2020

  Multiple myeloma (MM) was the third most prevalent hematologic malignancy in 2020. […] an estimated 176,404 (95% uncertainty interval [UI], 167,933185,303) new cases of MM and 117,077 (95% UI, 109,930124,689) deaths worldwide; and […] an age standardized rate of MM incidence of 1.78 (95% UI, 1.691.87) per 100,000 people and mortality of 1.14 (95% UI, 1.071.21) per 100,000, worldwide. […] Assessment of the countries with available data (48) showed an overall increasing trend in MM incidence, particularly in men, people aged 50 years, and in high-income countries. In contrast, there was a decreased trend for MM-associated mortality, although this was less prevalent in male patients compared with female. […] These results highlight the wide disparity in the burden of MM between different countries regarding both incidence and mortality. An association was noted between higher HDI and male sex and a higher mortality and incidence of MM. Certain preventable lifestyle factors were shown to be associated with an increased incidence and mortality in patients with MM such as, diabetes, reduced physical activity, being overweight, and obesity. Patients from higher-income countries, who are male or aged 50 years, showed a higher incidence of MM. Overall, there was a trend of decreasing mortality associated with MM worldwide over time, with this trend being particularly apparent in women.

• #71 Epidemiology, Staging, and Management of Multiple Myeloma

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7838784/

  In 2018, an estimated 106,000 people globally perished of MM, accounting for 1.1% of all cancer deaths. […] In the US, 12,800 people were estimated to perish in 2020 from MM, accounting for 2.1% of all cancer deaths. While incidence has risen over the past decades, mortality has fallen due to the drastically increased survival. […] Global deaths due to the neoplasm increased by 94% from 1990 to 2016. […] The survival has more than doubled over the past decades due to the introduction of new chemotherapy combinations, targeted small molecule inhibitors, and monoclonal antibodies. […] Multiple myeloma is an aggressive plasma cell dyscrasia that is on the rise in the US and much of the developed world. In the US, MM constitutes over 2% of all cancer deaths (which is double the proportion in the rest of the world). While incidence has grown by over 40% in the US over the past decades, mortality has fallen, and 5 year survival has more than doubled thanks to the introduction of new therapies and transplant techniques.

• #72 Myeloma — Cancer Stat Facts

  https://seer.cancer.gov/statfacts/html/mulmy.html

  The rate of new cases of myeloma was 7.3 per 100,000 men and women per year based on 20182022 cases, age-adjusted. […] Myeloma is most frequently diagnosed among people aged 6574. […] Myeloma is the fifteenth leading cause of cancer death in the United States. […] The death rate was 2.9 per 100,000 men and women per year based on 20192023 deaths, age-adjusted. […] The percent of myeloma deaths is highest among people aged 7584. […] Keeping track of new cases, deaths, and survival over time (trends) can help scientists understand whether progress is being made and where additional research is needed to address challenges, such as improving screening or finding better treatments. […] Using statistical models for analysis, age-adjusted rates for new myeloma cases have been stable over 20132022. Age-adjusted death rates have been falling on average 2.6% each year over 20142023.

• #73 Incidence of Newly Diagnosed Myeloma Cases on the Rise

  https://www.uspharmacist.com/article/incidence-of-newly-diagnosed-myeloma-cases-on-the-rise

  Previous research has established that myeloma is the second most commonly occurring type of hematological cancer, with multiple myeloma being the most advanced and aggressive form. […] The authors also explored the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the overall incidence trends associated with myeloma. […] The results revealed that between 2000 and 2020, a total of 217,049 cases of myeloma were reported. […] The incidence of myeloma demonstrated an average annual percent change (AAPC) increase of 1.19% for men and 1.11% for women over that period, with higher increases among both genders of non-Hispanic African American patients by 1.55% to 1.64%. […] The concerning rise in the incidence rate of myeloma among younger women, specifically among young women of Hispanic ethnicity, should be carefully acknowledged when formulating public health strategies to address these worrisome patterns.

• #74 Incidence of Newly Diagnosed Myeloma Cases on the Rise

  https://www.uspharmacist.com/article/incidence-of-newly-diagnosed-myeloma-cases-on-the-rise

  The authors concluded that between 2000 and 2019, the incidence of myeloma increased in both genders with a significant rate of increase, especially among younger Hispanic and non-Hispanic Black women. […] The findings of our study also underscore the significant impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the reported incidence rate of myeloma in 2020 across most races/ethnicities, particularly in older ages.

• #75 Myeloma statistics | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/health-professional/cancer-statistics/statistics-by-cancer-type/myeloma

  Over the last decade, myeloma incidence rates have increased by a tenth (10%) in the UK. Rates in females have increased by more than a twentieth (7%), and rates in males have increased by around a tenth (11%) (2017-2019). […] Myeloma incidence rates are projected to rise by less than 1% in the UK between 2023-2025 and 2038-2040. […] There could be around 8,300 new cases of myeloma every year in the UK by 2038-2040, projections suggest. […] Myeloma is the 17th most common cause of cancer death in the UK, accounting for 2% of all cancer deaths (2017-2019). […] Mortality rates for myeloma in the UK are highest in people aged 85 to 89 (2017-2019). […] Each year around 6 in 10 of all myeloma deaths (61%) in the UK are in people aged 75 and over (2017-2019). […] Since the early 1970s, myeloma mortality rates have increased by almost three-fifths (57%) in the UK. Rates in females have increased by around two-fifths (41%), and rates in males have increased by more than two-thirds (68%) (2017-2019).

• #76 Myeloma statistics | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/health-professional/cancer-statistics/statistics-by-cancer-type/myeloma

  Over the last decade, myeloma incidence rates have increased by a tenth (10%) in the UK. Rates in females have increased by more than a twentieth (7%), and rates in males have increased by around a tenth (11%) (2017-2019). […] Myeloma incidence rates are projected to rise by less than 1% in the UK between 2023-2025 and 2038-2040. […] There could be around 8,300 new cases of myeloma every year in the UK by 2038-2040, projections suggest. […] Myeloma is the 17th most common cause of cancer death in the UK, accounting for 2% of all cancer deaths (2017-2019). […] Mortality rates for myeloma in the UK are highest in people aged 85 to 89 (2017-2019). […] Each year around 6 in 10 of all myeloma deaths (61%) in the UK are in people aged 75 and over (2017-2019). […] Since the early 1970s, myeloma mortality rates have increased by almost three-fifths (57%) in the UK. Rates in females have increased by around two-fifths (41%), and rates in males have increased by more than two-thirds (68%) (2017-2019).

• #77

  https://www.cancervic.org.au/cancer-information/statistics/multiple-myeloma.html

  In 2022, 620 Victorians were diagnosed with multiple myeloma. Of these, there were 366 males and 254 females, representing 59% and 41% of the total Victorian multiple myeloma diagnoses, respectively. Currently, multiple myeloma is diagnosed at a rate of 5.4 per 100,000 males and 3.5 per 100,000 females. The median age at diagnosis of multiple myeloma is 71 years in males and 72 in females. Accounting for 1.8% of all cancers diagnosed and 2% of all cancer-related deaths in 2022, multiple myeloma was the 16th most commonly diagnosed cancer and the 17th most common cause of cancer-related deaths in Victoria in 2022. […] Figure 3 shows that for males between 1982 to 2022 the incidence of multiple myeloma increased by an average of 2.1% per year. For females between 1982 to 2012 the incidence of multiple myeloma increased by an average of 2.3% per year, and between 2012 to 2022 incidence stabilised.

• #78 A population-based study on incidence trends of myeloma in the United States over 2000–2020 | Scientific Reports

  https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-023-47906-y

  The occurrence of myeloma has shown a rise in the United Kingdom, the United States (US), and Western Europe that can be due to improved access to healthcare services and enhanced diagnostic methods. It is influenced by sex, race/ethnicity, and age, with a higher frequency observed among older individuals. Men are more likely to develop the disease than women. Furthermore, Hispanics are diagnosed with myeloma at a younger age and have survival rates comparable to those of non-Hispanic White (NHW) and non-Hispanic Black (NHB). […] The COVID-19 pandemic had substantial effects on the diagnostic process and treatment administration for myeloma. In this regard, a noticeable decline in the incidence of newly diagnosed myeloma cases in 2020 was demonstrated compared to previous years. […] A total of 217,049 myeloma cases were reported in the US between 2000 and 2020. The majority were males (54.85%), aged55 years (85.64%), living in urban area (88.45%), with median income between $50,000 and $65,000 per year (28.42%). From 2000 to 2019, a total of 204,872 cases of myeloma were recorded in the US among all ages. The most common reported subtype was plasma cell myeloma (94.46%). The delayed ASIR of myeloma per 100,000 population for men and women were 8.49 (95% CI 8.43 to 8.54) and 5.58 (95% CI 5.55 to 5.62), respectively, which showed 1.19% (95% CI 1.02 to 1.33) and 1.11% (95% CI 0.91 to 1.29) increase among men and women over 20002019, respectively.

• #79 A population-based study on incidence trends of myeloma in the United States over 2000–2020 | Scientific Reports

  https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-023-47906-y

  Over 20002019, a total of 175,185 cases of myeloma were diagnosed in those aged55 years. Among older adults, plasma cell myeloma was the most common subtype (95.17%). Moreover, the majority of cases were males (54.53%) and NHWs (69.10%). The incidence rate of myeloma in older adults increased over 20002019 in males and females with AAPC of 1.22 (95% CI 1.00 to 1.54) and 0.91 (95% CI 0.75 to 1.05), respectively. […] A total of 29,687 cases of myeloma cancer were reported over 20002019 among adults aged less than 55 years in the US. Most of the cases were plasma cell myeloma (90.30%). The majority of cases occurred in men (56.48%) and NHW (52.23%). Over 20002019, there was a higher increase in the ASIR of myeloma in women than men (AAPC: 2.15 vs. 1.68). […] There was a significant decrease in the ASIR of myeloma across all races/ethnicities in both sexes within all age groups (AAPC:8.02; 95% CI10.43 to5.61) and those aged55 (AAPC:8.64; 95% CI11.02 to6.25) from 2019 to November 2020.

• #80 A population-based study on incidence trends of myeloma in the United States over 2000–2020 | Scientific Reports

  https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-023-47906-y

  According to our findings, extraosseous plasmacytoma was the only subtype with decreasing AAPC in both men and women. Racial disparities were also observed in the incidence rate of extraosseous plasmacytoma, as NHBs demonstrated the highest rate of decrease in both sexes across all ages. […] In order to address the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the reported incidence of myeloma in the US, we analyzed the corresponding data for 2020 and the change in AAPC compared to the preceding year. Findings revealed a remarkable decrease in the ASIR of myeloma within all races and both sexes following the outbreak of the pandemic. […] There was an increase in myeloma incidence in both sexes, with a highly increasing rate, particularly among younger Hispanic and NHB women between 2000 and 2019. The findings of our study also underscore the significant impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the reported incidence rate of myeloma in 2020 across most races/ethnicities, particularly in older ages.

• #81 Incidence of Newly Diagnosed Myeloma Cases on the Rise

  https://www.uspharmacist.com/article/incidence-of-newly-diagnosed-myeloma-cases-on-the-rise

  The authors concluded that between 2000 and 2019, the incidence of myeloma increased in both genders with a significant rate of increase, especially among younger Hispanic and non-Hispanic Black women. […] The findings of our study also underscore the significant impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the reported incidence rate of myeloma in 2020 across most races/ethnicities, particularly in older ages.

• #82 Epidemiology, Staging, and Management of Multiple Myeloma

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7838784/

  In 2018, an estimated 106,000 people globally perished of MM, accounting for 1.1% of all cancer deaths. […] In the US, 12,800 people were estimated to perish in 2020 from MM, accounting for 2.1% of all cancer deaths. While incidence has risen over the past decades, mortality has fallen due to the drastically increased survival. […] Global deaths due to the neoplasm increased by 94% from 1990 to 2016. […] The survival has more than doubled over the past decades due to the introduction of new chemotherapy combinations, targeted small molecule inhibitors, and monoclonal antibodies. […] Multiple myeloma is an aggressive plasma cell dyscrasia that is on the rise in the US and much of the developed world. In the US, MM constitutes over 2% of all cancer deaths (which is double the proportion in the rest of the world). While incidence has grown by over 40% in the US over the past decades, mortality has fallen, and 5 year survival has more than doubled thanks to the introduction of new therapies and transplant techniques.

• #83 Multiple Myeloma Treatment: The Price of Success

  https://www.managedhealthcareexecutive.com/view/the-price-of-success

  Multiple myeloma is a cancer of blood plasma cells that typically affects older people; the median age of those who are diagnosed is 69. […] According to the American Cancer Society’s Cancer Facts and Figures 2025 report, there will be approximately 36,000 new cases of multiple myeloma diagnosed this year and slightly more than 12,000 deaths related to the disease. It is the 14th most common cancer, representing 1.8% of new cancers in the U.S., according to the National Cancer Institute’s Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) data. […] SEER data now show that the median overall survival for multiple myeloma is 8.6 years, […] and that the death rate has dropped by 56% over the past 25 years. As a result, there are now approximately 180,000 people in the U.S. living with multiple myeloma, according to SEER data.

• #84 Survival among patients with multiple myeloma in the United States military health system compared to the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program

  https://www.fimt-rc.org/article/20240702-survival-among-patients-with-multiple-myeloma-in-the-united-states-military-health-system-compared-to-the-surveillance-epidemiology-and-end-results-seer-program

  Median survival of the ACTUR patients was 47.1 months (95% CI: 43.9-50.4) compared to 33.0 months (95% CI, 32.0-35.0) of the SEER patients. […] Five and 10-year death rates were significantly lower for ACTUR patients than the SEER patients with an adjusted HR of 0.74 (95% CI, 0.68-0.81) and 0.79 (95% CI, 0.74-0.85), respectively. […] The survival advantage of ACTUR patients was preserved when stratified by age, sex, race, and diagnosis year. […] MHS beneficiaries with MM had improved overall survival compared to MM patients from the U.S. general population.

• #85 Myeloma statistics | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/health-professional/cancer-statistics/statistics-by-cancer-type/myeloma

  Myeloma mortality rates are projected to fall by 3% in the UK between 2023-2025 and 2038-2040. […] There could be around around 4,500 deaths of myeloma every year in the UK by 2038-2040, projections suggest. […] Almost 1 in 3 (29.1%) people diagnosed with myeloma in England survive their disease for ten years or more, it is predicted (2013-2017). […] Myeloma ten-year survival in England is similar in females and males (2013-2017). […] Myeloma survival has quadrupled in the last 50 years in the UK. […] In the 1970s, almost 1 in 10 (6.4%) people diagnosed with myeloma survived their disease beyond ten years, by the 2010s it was a third (32.5%). […] 14% of myeloma cases in the UK are preventable.

• #86

  https://www.cancervic.org.au/cancer-information/statistics/multiple-myeloma.html

  For males between 1982 to 2010 the mortality of multiple myeloma was stable, and between 2010 to 2022 mortality declined by an average of 2.7% per year. For females between 1982 to 2009 the mortality of multiple myeloma was stable, and between 2009 to 2022 mortality declined by an average of 3.5% per year. […] Figure 5 shows the age standardised incidence rates of multiple myeloma in Australian-born Victorians compared to other major migrant groups, over the five-year period 2017 to 2021. The highest age standardised incidence rate for multiple myeloma was 9.4 for males born in the Africa region and the lowest rate of 3.3 was observed in males born in the North-East Asia region. The highest age standardised incidence rate for multiple myeloma was 5.6 for females born in the South and Central America region and the lowest rate of 1.3 was observed in females born in the North-East Asia region. […] Figure 6 shows the change in 5-year survival for multiple myeloma, and the 5-year survival trend for all cancers over the same time period. It demonstrates that five-year relative survival has increased for multiple myeloma between 1982-1986 and 2017-2021 from 26% to 64%.

• #87 Krebs – Multiple myeloma

  https://www.krebsdaten.de/Krebs/EN/Content/Cancer_sites/Multiple_myeloma/multiple_myeloma_node.html

  Multiple myeloma and plasma cell neoplasms are malignant proliferations of antibody-producing plasma cells. This type of cancer usually first occurs in the bone marrow, where it often forms several disease foci (multiple myeloma) with corresponding complications such as bone fractures and pain or blood count changes. Only about 1 percent of cases are diagnosed in organs outside the bone marrow (extramedullary plasmacytoma). […] In 2020, multiple myeloma was diagnosed in about 3,010 women and 3,700 men in Germany. Disease risk increases significantly with age; diagnoses before the age of 45 are extremely rare. Recent age-standardised incidence and mortality rates among women and men have been fairly constant. […] With relative 5-year survival rates of 58 percent for women and 56 percent for men, the prognosis is rather unfavourable. Generally, a permanent cure is not to be expected. However, the disease can show few symptoms for a relatively long time, and temporary remissions are possible under therapy.

• #88 Myeloma — Cancer Stat Facts

  https://seer.cancer.gov/statfacts/html/mulmy.html

  The rate of new cases of myeloma was 7.3 per 100,000 men and women per year based on 20182022 cases, age-adjusted. […] Myeloma is most frequently diagnosed among people aged 6574. […] Myeloma is the fifteenth leading cause of cancer death in the United States. […] The death rate was 2.9 per 100,000 men and women per year based on 20192023 deaths, age-adjusted. […] The percent of myeloma deaths is highest among people aged 7584. […] Keeping track of new cases, deaths, and survival over time (trends) can help scientists understand whether progress is being made and where additional research is needed to address challenges, such as improving screening or finding better treatments. […] Using statistical models for analysis, age-adjusted rates for new myeloma cases have been stable over 20132022. Age-adjusted death rates have been falling on average 2.6% each year over 20142023.

• #89 Multiple myeloma incidence and mortality trends in the United States, 1999–2020 | Scientific Reports

  https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-024-65590-4

  Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell disorder accounting for approximately 10% of hematologic malignancies. There is limited epidemiological evidence regarding the long-term trends and disparities in MM in the US. We conducted a multiple time point cross-sectional study using MM incidence rate data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database and mortality data from the CDC Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research (CDC WONDER) Underlying Cause of Death database between 1999 and 2020. During this period, MM incidence has steadily increased, while MM mortality has steadily decreased, with substantial racial and ethnic disparities. Non-Hispanic Black individuals exhibited the highest incidence rates, which consistently rose from 12.02 (95% CI 10.54, 13.64) in 1999 to 14.20 (95% CI 12.93, 15.55) per 100,000 population by 2020. Non-Hispanic American Indian/Native Alaskans and Asian/Pacific Islanders demonstrated the lowest incidence rates of 5.59 (95% CI 2.69, 10.04) and 3.56 (95% CI 2.94, 4.27) per 100,000 population in 1999 to 5.76 (95% CI 3.49, 8.90) and 3.92 (95% CI 3.46, 4.42) per 100,000 population, respectively, by 2020. Disparities by gender, age, US census region, and rurality were observed, underscoring the importance of targeted, equity-centered interventions and MM screening initiatives for at-risk populations.

• #90 The global multiple myeloma incidence and mortality burden in 2022 and predictions for 2045 – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39658225/

  Multiple myeloma (MM) is an important hematological malignancy in older adults, with a relatively poor prognosis. We aimed to present the current global patterns of incidence and mortality from MM, and predict new cancer cases and deaths by 2045. […] Globally, 188 000 MM cases and 121 000 deaths were estimated in 2022. Eastern Asia and Northern America accounted for one-fifth of all cases each (21% and 19% respectively), followed by South-Central Asia (11%), and Western Europe (9%). The incidence rates were higher in men than in women with similar geographical patterns. While the incidence rates were highest in Northern America and Australia/New Zealand (4/100 000 for both sexes combined), the highest mortality rates (1.8/100 000) were found in Australia/New Zealand, Northern Europe, and Southern Africa. In the absence of changing rates, the estimated incidence and mortality of MM will increase by 71% and 79%, respectively by 2045 relative to 2022. […] Our study highlights the substantial burden and variations in MM incidence and mortality reflecting global disparities in diagnosis and treatment. Improved surveillance and better disease control is needed to mitigate the global impact of MM in the presence of population aging and growth.

• #91 Global, regional, and national burden and quality of care of multiple myeloma, 1990–2019 — JOGH

  https://jogh.org/2024/jogh-14-04033/

  The global age-standardised incidence, mortality, and DALYs of MM in 2019 were 1.92, 1.42, and 30.26 per 100,000 persons, respectively. […] The hierarchy cluster analysis (HCA) of EAPCs of age-standardised prevalence rate identified three categories among 195 countries and territories. […] In 2019, the global age-standardised QCI of MM was 62.69 in females, 65.99 in males, and 64.28 overall. […] We found an increase in the QCI value of MM for nearly all countries between 1990 and 2019, with a global increase of 25.28%, indicating that the quality of care of MM survivors had improved greatly. […] The disease burden of MM in middle to low SDI regions was outpaced the high SDI areas due to ageing, improving diagnostic capability, and growing concern on metabolic risk factors. […] This study provides evidence on the quality of care of MM at the global level over time, suggesting an overall improvement but a notable remaining gap in care equity over the past 30 years.

• #92 Multiple Myeloma Treatment: The Price of Success

  https://www.managedhealthcareexecutive.com/view/the-price-of-success

  Multiple myeloma is a cancer of blood plasma cells that typically affects older people; the median age of those who are diagnosed is 69. […] According to the American Cancer Society’s Cancer Facts and Figures 2025 report, there will be approximately 36,000 new cases of multiple myeloma diagnosed this year and slightly more than 12,000 deaths related to the disease. It is the 14th most common cancer, representing 1.8% of new cancers in the U.S., according to the National Cancer Institute’s Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) data. […] SEER data now show that the median overall survival for multiple myeloma is 8.6 years, […] and that the death rate has dropped by 56% over the past 25 years. As a result, there are now approximately 180,000 people in the U.S. living with multiple myeloma, according to SEER data.

• #93 Epidemiological update on the incidence of multiple myeloma and mortality up to 2020

  https://multiplemyelomahub.com/medical-information/epidemiological-update-on-the-incidence-of-multiple-myeloma-and-mortality-up-to-2020

  Multiple myeloma (MM) was the third most prevalent hematologic malignancy in 2020. […] an estimated 176,404 (95% uncertainty interval [UI], 167,933185,303) new cases of MM and 117,077 (95% UI, 109,930124,689) deaths worldwide; and […] an age standardized rate of MM incidence of 1.78 (95% UI, 1.691.87) per 100,000 people and mortality of 1.14 (95% UI, 1.071.21) per 100,000, worldwide. […] Assessment of the countries with available data (48) showed an overall increasing trend in MM incidence, particularly in men, people aged 50 years, and in high-income countries. In contrast, there was a decreased trend for MM-associated mortality, although this was less prevalent in male patients compared with female. […] These results highlight the wide disparity in the burden of MM between different countries regarding both incidence and mortality. An association was noted between higher HDI and male sex and a higher mortality and incidence of MM. Certain preventable lifestyle factors were shown to be associated with an increased incidence and mortality in patients with MM such as, diabetes, reduced physical activity, being overweight, and obesity. Patients from higher-income countries, who are male or aged 50 years, showed a higher incidence of MM. Overall, there was a trend of decreasing mortality associated with MM worldwide over time, with this trend being particularly apparent in women.

• #94 Epidemiological update on the incidence of multiple myeloma and mortality up to 2020

  https://multiplemyelomahub.com/medical-information/epidemiological-update-on-the-incidence-of-multiple-myeloma-and-mortality-up-to-2020

  Multiple myeloma (MM) was the third most prevalent hematologic malignancy in 2020. […] an estimated 176,404 (95% uncertainty interval [UI], 167,933185,303) new cases of MM and 117,077 (95% UI, 109,930124,689) deaths worldwide; and […] an age standardized rate of MM incidence of 1.78 (95% UI, 1.691.87) per 100,000 people and mortality of 1.14 (95% UI, 1.071.21) per 100,000, worldwide. […] Assessment of the countries with available data (48) showed an overall increasing trend in MM incidence, particularly in men, people aged 50 years, and in high-income countries. In contrast, there was a decreased trend for MM-associated mortality, although this was less prevalent in male patients compared with female. […] These results highlight the wide disparity in the burden of MM between different countries regarding both incidence and mortality. An association was noted between higher HDI and male sex and a higher mortality and incidence of MM. Certain preventable lifestyle factors were shown to be associated with an increased incidence and mortality in patients with MM such as, diabetes, reduced physical activity, being overweight, and obesity. Patients from higher-income countries, who are male or aged 50 years, showed a higher incidence of MM. Overall, there was a trend of decreasing mortality associated with MM worldwide over time, with this trend being particularly apparent in women.

• #95 The global multiple myeloma incidence and mortality burden in 2022 and predictions for 2045 – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39658225/

  Multiple myeloma (MM) is an important hematological malignancy in older adults, with a relatively poor prognosis. We aimed to present the current global patterns of incidence and mortality from MM, and predict new cancer cases and deaths by 2045. […] Globally, 188 000 MM cases and 121 000 deaths were estimated in 2022. Eastern Asia and Northern America accounted for one-fifth of all cases each (21% and 19% respectively), followed by South-Central Asia (11%), and Western Europe (9%). The incidence rates were higher in men than in women with similar geographical patterns. While the incidence rates were highest in Northern America and Australia/New Zealand (4/100 000 for both sexes combined), the highest mortality rates (1.8/100 000) were found in Australia/New Zealand, Northern Europe, and Southern Africa. In the absence of changing rates, the estimated incidence and mortality of MM will increase by 71% and 79%, respectively by 2045 relative to 2022. […] Our study highlights the substantial burden and variations in MM incidence and mortality reflecting global disparities in diagnosis and treatment. Improved surveillance and better disease control is needed to mitigate the global impact of MM in the presence of population aging and growth.

• #96 Dr Zonder on the Epidemiology of Multiple Myeloma

  https://www.onclive.com/view/dr-zonder-on-the-epidemiology-of-multiple-myeloma?utm_source=www.onclive.com&utm_medium=relatedContent

  Jeffrey Zonder, MD, discusses the current epidemiological landscape of multiple myeloma in the United States. […] „A higher risk of MGUS leads to a higher risk of myeloma in older people and in Black people compared with other populations.” […] Epidemiologic data indicate that the incidence of multiple myeloma is approximately twice as high in non-Hispanic Black individuals compared with the general United States population. This disparity is well documented, with studies showing a significantly elevated risk of diagnosis in this population. […] Zonder emphasized the importance of improving awareness of multiple myeloma risk in high-incidence populations, particularly among primary care providers who are often the first to detect MGUS during routine evaluations. Increased clinical vigilance may support earlier diagnosis, timely risk stratification, and referral to hematology/oncology specialists, potentially reducing disparities in treatment initiation and outcomes. […] Ongoing research is focused on elucidating the genetic and biologic differences contributing to MGUS prevalence and multiple myeloma progression across racial and ethnic groups, which may ultimately inform targeted screening strategies and precision medicine approaches in the future.

• #97 The global multiple myeloma incidence and mortality burden in 2022 and predictions for 2045 – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39658225/

  Multiple myeloma (MM) is an important hematological malignancy in older adults, with a relatively poor prognosis. We aimed to present the current global patterns of incidence and mortality from MM, and predict new cancer cases and deaths by 2045. […] Globally, 188 000 MM cases and 121 000 deaths were estimated in 2022. Eastern Asia and Northern America accounted for one-fifth of all cases each (21% and 19% respectively), followed by South-Central Asia (11%), and Western Europe (9%). The incidence rates were higher in men than in women with similar geographical patterns. While the incidence rates were highest in Northern America and Australia/New Zealand (4/100 000 for both sexes combined), the highest mortality rates (1.8/100 000) were found in Australia/New Zealand, Northern Europe, and Southern Africa. In the absence of changing rates, the estimated incidence and mortality of MM will increase by 71% and 79%, respectively by 2045 relative to 2022. […] Our study highlights the substantial burden and variations in MM incidence and mortality reflecting global disparities in diagnosis and treatment. Improved surveillance and better disease control is needed to mitigate the global impact of MM in the presence of population aging and growth.

• #98 Measuring the global, regional, and national burden of multiple myeloma from 1990 to 2019 | BMC Cancer | Full Text

  https://bmccancer.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12885-021-08280-y

  The incidence rate of MM is the highest in North America, Australia, New Zealand, and Europe, whereas it is the lowest in Asia (except for Western Asia). […] The median age at diagnosis of MM is approximately 70years; 37, 26, and 37% of MM patients were65, 6574years, 75years, respectively. […] The ASIR for both men and women increased with increasing age, and the ASIR for men was larger than that for women in all age groups. […] The ASDR for both men and women increased with increasing age and was larger for men than women in all age groups. […] The percentage of age-standardized death and DALYs attributable to a high body mass index increased over the past 30years.

• #99 Multiple myeloma incidence and mortality trends in the United States, 1999–2020 | Scientific Reports

  https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-024-65590-4

  Our data aligns with existing literature that non-Hispanic Black Americans exhibit the highest MM incidence and mortality rates. These disproportionately higher rates observed among non-Hispanic Black Americans highlight the imperative for further research examining the multifaceted etiology of MM morbidity and mortality, encompassing both genetic predispositions and socio-environmental determinants to inform future targeted intervention strategies. […] The overall decline in MM mortality rates over the past two decades, consistent with prior research, is encouraging. The decline in mortality rates aligns with the introduction of novel therapeutic agents boasting higher efficacy profiles and reduced toxicity, which are shown to be particularly beneficial for elderly MM patients ineligible for ASCT. Further, advancements in ASCT have also led to improved MM prognosis and survival.

• #100 Epidemiological update on the incidence of multiple myeloma and mortality up to 2020

  https://multiplemyelomahub.com/medical-information/epidemiological-update-on-the-incidence-of-multiple-myeloma-and-mortality-up-to-2020

  Multiple myeloma (MM) was the third most prevalent hematologic malignancy in 2020. […] an estimated 176,404 (95% uncertainty interval [UI], 167,933185,303) new cases of MM and 117,077 (95% UI, 109,930124,689) deaths worldwide; and […] an age standardized rate of MM incidence of 1.78 (95% UI, 1.691.87) per 100,000 people and mortality of 1.14 (95% UI, 1.071.21) per 100,000, worldwide. […] Assessment of the countries with available data (48) showed an overall increasing trend in MM incidence, particularly in men, people aged 50 years, and in high-income countries. In contrast, there was a decreased trend for MM-associated mortality, although this was less prevalent in male patients compared with female. […] These results highlight the wide disparity in the burden of MM between different countries regarding both incidence and mortality. An association was noted between higher HDI and male sex and a higher mortality and incidence of MM. Certain preventable lifestyle factors were shown to be associated with an increased incidence and mortality in patients with MM such as, diabetes, reduced physical activity, being overweight, and obesity. Patients from higher-income countries, who are male or aged 50 years, showed a higher incidence of MM. Overall, there was a trend of decreasing mortality associated with MM worldwide over time, with this trend being particularly apparent in women.

• #101 Multiple myeloma incidence and mortality trends in the United States, 1999–2020 | Scientific Reports

  https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-024-65590-4

  Our data aligns with existing literature that non-Hispanic Black Americans exhibit the highest MM incidence and mortality rates. These disproportionately higher rates observed among non-Hispanic Black Americans highlight the imperative for further research examining the multifaceted etiology of MM morbidity and mortality, encompassing both genetic predispositions and socio-environmental determinants to inform future targeted intervention strategies. […] The overall decline in MM mortality rates over the past two decades, consistent with prior research, is encouraging. The decline in mortality rates aligns with the introduction of novel therapeutic agents boasting higher efficacy profiles and reduced toxicity, which are shown to be particularly beneficial for elderly MM patients ineligible for ASCT. Further, advancements in ASCT have also led to improved MM prognosis and survival.

• #102 Epidemiology, Staging, and Management of Multiple Myeloma

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7838784/

  In 2018, an estimated 106,000 people globally perished of MM, accounting for 1.1% of all cancer deaths. […] In the US, 12,800 people were estimated to perish in 2020 from MM, accounting for 2.1% of all cancer deaths. While incidence has risen over the past decades, mortality has fallen due to the drastically increased survival. […] Global deaths due to the neoplasm increased by 94% from 1990 to 2016. […] The survival has more than doubled over the past decades due to the introduction of new chemotherapy combinations, targeted small molecule inhibitors, and monoclonal antibodies. […] Multiple myeloma is an aggressive plasma cell dyscrasia that is on the rise in the US and much of the developed world. In the US, MM constitutes over 2% of all cancer deaths (which is double the proportion in the rest of the world). While incidence has grown by over 40% in the US over the past decades, mortality has fallen, and 5 year survival has more than doubled thanks to the introduction of new therapies and transplant techniques.

• #103 Dr Zonder on the Epidemiology of Multiple Myeloma

  https://www.onclive.com/view/dr-zonder-on-the-epidemiology-of-multiple-myeloma?utm_source=www.onclive.com&utm_medium=relatedContent

  Jeffrey Zonder, MD, discusses the current epidemiological landscape of multiple myeloma in the United States. […] „A higher risk of MGUS leads to a higher risk of myeloma in older people and in Black people compared with other populations.” […] Epidemiologic data indicate that the incidence of multiple myeloma is approximately twice as high in non-Hispanic Black individuals compared with the general United States population. This disparity is well documented, with studies showing a significantly elevated risk of diagnosis in this population. […] Zonder emphasized the importance of improving awareness of multiple myeloma risk in high-incidence populations, particularly among primary care providers who are often the first to detect MGUS during routine evaluations. Increased clinical vigilance may support earlier diagnosis, timely risk stratification, and referral to hematology/oncology specialists, potentially reducing disparities in treatment initiation and outcomes. […] Ongoing research is focused on elucidating the genetic and biologic differences contributing to MGUS prevalence and multiple myeloma progression across racial and ethnic groups, which may ultimately inform targeted screening strategies and precision medicine approaches in the future.

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