Otępienie z ciałami lewy’ego

Otępienie z ciałami lewy’ego
Epidemiologia

Otępienie z ciałami Lewy’ego (DLB) jest trzecią najczęstszą przyczyną otępienia neurodegeneracyjnego, stanowiąc od 5% do 30% wszystkich przypadków otępienia, z częstością zapadalności od 0,5 do 1,6 na 1000 osobolat w populacji ogólnej, a u osób powyżej 65 roku życia wzrastającą do 31,6 na 100 000 osobolat. Średni wiek zachorowania wynosi około 75 lat, a największa liczba przypadków dotyczy osób powyżej 85 roku życia (około 39% przypadków). DLB jest częściej diagnozowane u mężczyzn (stosunek 4:1), choć niektóre badania wskazują na większą częstość patologii u kobiet. Diagnostyka jest utrudniona ze względu na kliniczną heterogenność i nakładanie się objawów z chorobą Parkinsona i chorobą Alzheimera, co prowadzi do znacznego niedodiagnozowania – kliniczna diagnoza DLB stawiana jest jedynie w 4,6% przypadków skierowań do specjalistycznych ośrodków, podczas gdy patologia ciał Lewy’ego stwierdzana jest w około 20% mózgów w badaniach pośmiertnych. Kryteria diagnostyczne uwzględniają obecność otępienia oraz cech podstawowych lub biomarkerów, takich jak względne zachowanie struktur przyśrodkowej części płata skroniowego w MRI, co pomaga różnicować DLB od choroby Alzheimera.

Epidemiologia otępienia z ciałami Lewy’ego

Zróżnice geograficzne w częstości występowania
Czynniki demograficzne wpływające na częstotliwość występowania

Wyzwania diagnostyczne i surveillance otępienia z ciałami Lewy’ego

Trudności w rozpoznaniu i niedodiagnozowanie
Biomarkery i narzędzia diagnostyczne
Rozróżnienie między DLB a otępienie w chorobie Parkinsona

Surveillance i monitorowanie otępienia z ciałami Lewy’ego

Prognozy i rokowanie
Badania naukowe i przyszłe kierunki
Czynniki ryzyka i profilaktyka
Kolejne rozdziały

Epidemiologia otępienia z ciałami Lewy’ego

Otępienie z ciałami Lewy’ego (ang. Dementia with Lewy bodies, DLB) stanowi jedną z najczęstszych przyczyn otępienia neurodegeneracyjnego, ustępując jedynie chorobie Alzheimera i otępieniu naczyniowemu. Mimo że kiedyś uznawano je za rzadkie, obecnie DLB jest rozpoznawane jako powszechna przyczyna otępienia neurodegeneracyjnego, dotykająca nawet do 5% populacji ogólnej i stanowiąca od 5% do nawet 30% wszystkich przypadków otępienia ¹²³.

Szacunkowa częstość występowania DLB różni się w zależności od badań. Wskaźniki zapadalności (incidence) wahają się od 0,5 do 1,6 na 1000 osobolat w populacji ogólnej, ale wzrastają do 31,6 na 100 000 osobolat u osób powyżej 65 roku życia ⁴⁵⁶. Otępienie z ciałami Lewy’ego stanowi od 3,2% do 7,1% (średnio 4,6%) wszystkich nowych przypadków otępienia w badaniach zapadalności ⁷.

Szacunki dotyczące rozpowszechnienia (prevalence) wahają się od 0,02 do 63,5 na 1000 osób, przy czym rozpowszechnienie wzrasta wraz z wiekiem ⁸. DLB stanowi od 0,3% do 24,4% wszystkich przypadków otępienia w badaniach rozpowszechnienia ⁹. Badania neuropatologiczne wskazują, że DLB może stanowić nawet 15-20% przypadków otępienia ¹⁰¹¹.

Zróżnice geograficzne w częstości występowania

Interesujące są różnice geograficzne w częstości diagnozowania DLB. W jednym z badań przeprowadzonych w Wielkiej Brytanii zaobserwowano znaczące różnice w rozpoznawaniu DLB między różnymi regionami – w północno-wschodniej Anglii DLB stanowiło 5,6% przypadków otępienia, podczas gdy we wschodniej Anglii tylko 3,3% ¹². Częstość występowania DLB w poszczególnych ośrodkach wahała się od 2,4% do 5,9% ¹³.

Według danych z 2022 roku, w siedmiu głównych rynkach (Stany Zjednoczone, Niemcy, Francja, Włochy, Hiszpania, Wielka Brytania i Japonia) całkowita liczba przypadków otępienia wynosiła około 21 milionów, z czego około 11 milionów zostało zdiagnozowanych. Wśród krajów europejskich największą liczbę zdiagnozowanych przypadków DLB odnotowano w Wielkiej Brytanii (około 44 tysiące), następnie w Niemczech (ponad 38 tysięcy), podczas gdy Hiszpania miała najmniejszą liczbę przypadków (około 24 tysiące) ¹⁴¹⁵.

Japonia zajmowała drugie miejsce po Stanach Zjednoczonych pod względem zdiagnozowanych przypadków DLB, stanowiąc 22% wszystkich przypadków w siedmiu głównych rynkach w 2022 roku ¹⁶. Natomiast w Indiach, wraz ze wzrostem średniej długości życia, zwiększa się również częstość występowania zaburzeń związanych z wiekiem, takich jak otępienie. Badania wskazują, że otępienie z ciałami Lewy’ego stanowi od 1,0% do 8,9% diagnoz otępienia w tym kraju ¹⁷.

Czynniki demograficzne wpływające na częstotliwość występowania

Podobnie jak w przypadku innych chorób neurodegeneracyjnych, częstość występowania DLB wzrasta wraz z wiekiem, ze średnim wiekiem zachorowania wynoszącym 75 lat ¹⁸¹⁹. Większość diagnoz stawiana jest u osób powyżej 50 roku życia ²⁰²¹. Wśród różnych grup wiekowych (60-69 lat, 70-74 lat, 75-79 lat, 80-84 lat i 85+ lat), największą liczbę przypadków odnotowano w grupie 85+ lat, co stanowiło około 39% wszystkich zdiagnozowanych przypadków w siedmiu głównych rynkach w 2022 roku ²².

Większość badań sugeruje, że DLB występuje częściej u mężczyzn niż u kobiet, ze stosunkiem mężczyzn do kobiet wynoszącym 4:1 ²³²⁴²⁵. Jednakże niektóre badania wskazują na zwiększoną częstość występowania patologii ciał Lewy’ego u kobiet w porównaniu z mężczyznami ²⁶. W jednym z nowszych badań analizowano dane kliniczne i neuroobrazowe pacjentów z DLB: 119 mężczyzn (68,7±8,4 lat) i 45 kobiet (69,9±9,1 lat), a także 164 zdrowych osób z grupy kontrolnej. Wykazano, że topologie sieci istoty szarej różniły się między płciami w zdrowej grupie kontrolnej, ale te różnice między płciami były zmniejszone u pacjentów z DLB ²⁷.

Wyzwania diagnostyczne i surveillance otępienia z ciałami Lewy’ego

Otępienie z ciałami Lewy’ego jest często niedodiagnozowane ze względu na jego złożoność kliniczną i nakładanie się objawów z innymi chorobami neurodegeneracyjnymi, takimi jak choroba Parkinsona i choroba Alzheimera ²⁸²⁹. Badania wskazują, że choć tylko 4,6% skierowań do specjalistycznych usług otępiennych w Wielkiej Brytanii otrzymało kliniczną diagnozę DLB, znacząca patologia ciał Lewy’ego była obecna w około 20% mózgów w badaniach pośmiertnych, co dodatkowo podkreśla ogólne niedodiagnozowanie DLB za życia ³⁰.

Diagnoza DLB często stanowi wyzwanie ze względu na heterogenność kliniczną i nakładanie się z innymi neurodegeneracyjnymi chorobami. Co więcej, początkowo było ono często przeoczane w badaniach patologicznych z powodu trudności w identyfikacji korowych ciał Lewy’ego przy użyciu rutynowych barwień histochemicznych ³¹. Wraz z wprowadzeniem barwień immunohistochemicznych dla składników ciał Lewy’ego, częstość występowania tego zaburzenia została lepiej scharakteryzowana ³².

Trudności w rozpoznaniu i niedodiagnozowanie

Diagnostyka DLB jest szczególnie trudna we wczesnych stadiach, ponieważ objawy mogą początkowo przypominać chorobę Alzheimera lub chorobę psychiczną, taką jak schizofrenia ³³. Kryteria diagnostyczne dla DLB przed 2017 rokiem były wysoce specyficzne, ale nie bardzo czułe, co powodowało, że ponad połowa przypadków nie była rozpoznawana ³⁴.

Badanie przeprowadzone w Wielkiej Brytanii wykazało, że częstość klinicznego rozpoznania DLB różniła się między regionami geograficznymi, a częstość występowania zarówno DLB, jak i otępienia w chorobie Parkinsona (PDD) była znacznie niższa niż oczekiwano w tej serii przypadków, co sugeruje znaczne niedodiagnozowanie obu zaburzeń ³⁵³⁶.

Chociaż wyniki badań mogą być częściowo przypisane różnym wzorcom chorobowości, bardziej prawdopodobnym wyjaśnieniem jest to, że różne praktyki diagnostyczne kliniczne prowadzą do różnic w wykrywaniu DLB i PDD, a nie prawdziwa częstość występowania choroby ³⁷.

Biomarkery i narzędzia diagnostyczne

Chociaż nie ma specyficznych biomarkerów dla DLB, rewizje kryteriów diagnostycznych uwzględniają włączenie biomarkerów w celu zwiększenia specyficzności diagnoz klinicznych ³⁸³⁹. Najczęstszym biomarkerem stosowanym w klinicznych i badawczych ocenach otępienia jest MRI. Zanik korowy jest powszechny w wielu chorobach neurodegeneracyjnych, jednakże względnie zachowanie struktur przyśrodkowej części płata skroniowego w DLB może pomóc odróżnić je od choroby Alzheimera ⁴⁰.

Czwarty raport konsensusowy wprowadza poprzednie kryteria konsensusu poprzez włączenie obecności biomarkerów wraz z przedefiniowaniem głównych cech, aby umożliwić diagnozę prawdopodobnego DLB ⁴¹. Diagnoza kliniczna DLB opiera się przede wszystkim na obecności otępienia, a dwie cechy podstawowe są wystarczające do zdiagnozowania prawdopodobnego DLB. W przypadku braku jakichkolwiek cech podstawowych, obecność wskazującego biomarkera spełnia kryterium do zdiagnozowania możliwego DLB ⁴².

Rozróżnienie między DLB a otępienie w chorobie Parkinsona

Ważnym zagadnieniem do rozważenia jest związek między diagnozą DLB a diagnozą otępienia występującego u pacjenta z wcześniej istniejącą kliniczną diagnozą choroby Parkinsona, zwykle określanego jako otępienie w chorobie Parkinsona (PDD) ⁴³. Średni wiek wystąpienia PDD i DLB jest podobny i wynosi 70 lat, podczas gdy początek choroby Parkinsona jest zwykle wcześniejszy, ze średnią 60 lat ⁴⁴.

Nie ma pojedynczego znaku ani objawu, który definitywnie odróżniałby PDD od DLB. Obecne kryteria kliniczne dla DLB odróżniają PDD tylko poprzez wymóg czasowy, że otępienie manifestuje się więcej niż 12 miesięcy po wystąpieniu objawów ruchowych; jeśli otępienie poprzedza lub występuje jednocześnie z parkinsonizmem, wówczas diagnozuje się DLB ⁴⁵. Istnieje trwająca debata dotycząca ważności reguły jednego roku między badaczami PDD i DLB ⁴⁶⁴⁷.

Surveillance i monitorowanie otępienia z ciałami Lewy’ego

WHO uznaje otępienie za priorytet zdrowia publicznego. W celu ułatwienia monitorowania globalnego planu działania na rzecz otępienia, WHO opracowała Global Dementia Observatory (GDO), portal danych, który gromadzi dane krajowe dotyczące 35 kluczowych wskaźników otępienia w siedmiu strategicznych obszarach globalnego planu działania ⁴⁸.

Jako uzupełnienie GDO, WHO uruchomiła GDO Knowledge Exchange Platform, która jest repozytorium przykładów dobrych praktyk w obszarze otępienia, mającym na celu wspieranie wzajemnego uczenia się i wielokierunkowej wymiany między regionami, krajami i osobami w celu ułatwienia działań na całym świecie ⁴⁹.

Prognozy i rokowanie

Rokowanie w przypadku DLB jest umiarkowane do złego. Pacjenci umierają z powodu licznych powikłań, takich jak upadki, unieruchomienie, powikłania kardiologiczne, działania niepożądane leków, zapalenie płuc, problemy z połykaniem oraz depresja prowadząca do samobójstwa ⁵⁰.

Średnia oczekiwana długość życia wynosi jedynie 5 do 8 lat od początkowej diagnozy ⁵¹⁵²⁵³. Może to być również spowodowane brakiem wiedzy na temat DLB wśród lekarzy i populacji oraz trudnościami w odróżnieniu go od innych podobnych stanów, co prowadzi do opóźnienia diagnozy, które opóźnia rozpoczęcie specyficznej terapii ⁵⁴.

Wskaźniki śmiertelności dla PDD i DLB nie różnią się według badania ze Szwecji opublikowanego w 2018 roku (Larsson i wsp.) i są około trzy razy wyższe niż w populacji ogólnej ⁵⁵.

Badania naukowe i przyszłe kierunki

W 2013 roku Narodowe Instytuty Zdrowia zorganizowały szczyt, który doprowadził do opracowania pierwszej krajowej strategii badawczej dla otępienia z ciałami Lewy’ego. Zaktualizowane w 2016 roku priorytety badawcze dla DLB obejmują ⁵⁶:

Opracowanie nowych leków do badań klinicznych
Ustanowienie badań longitudinalnych zakończonych badaniami autopsyjnymi w celu poprawy diagnostyki DLB
Określenie, którzy pacjenci z chorobą Parkinsona mają wysokie ryzyko progresji do otępienia
Rozwinięcie lepszego zrozumienia mechanizmów choroby poprzez mapowanie mózgu i genetykę
Identyfikacja zwalidowanych biomarkerów biologicznych i obrazowych do wykrywania obecności choroby, pomiaru progresji i zaawansowania rozwoju bezpiecznych i skutecznych terapii objawowych i modyfikujących przebieg choroby ⁵⁷

Kampanie zwiększające świadomość publiczną, takie jak te prowadzone przez Lewy Body Dementia Association, które specjalnie dotyczą DLB, mogą pomóc w generowaniu zwiększonej świadomości, wspieraniu nowych współpracy badawczych i rozwijaniu nowych terapii dla osób z DLB i ich rodzin ⁵⁸.

Czynniki ryzyka i profilaktyka

Do tej pory nie zidentyfikowano specyficznych czynników ryzyka dla DLB ⁵⁹. Jednak podobnie jak w przypadku innych chorób neurodegeneracyjnych, starszy wiek jest największym czynnikiem ryzyka rozwoju DLB, przy czym większość diagnoz jest stawiana u osób powyżej 50 roku życia ⁶⁰.

Zaburzenie zachowania w fazie snu REM (RBD), stan charakteryzujący się odgrywaniem marzeń sennych, jest powszechnym czynnikiem ryzyka dla DLB, choroby Parkinsona i innych synukleinopatii, często występującym wiele lat przed pojawieniem się parkinsonizmu lub upośledzenia poznawczego ⁶¹. Obecność zaburzenia zachowania w fazie snu REM jest wysoce specyficznym predyktorem patologii związanej z ciałami Lewy’ego i sugeruje 90% prawdopodobieństwo synukleinopatii ⁶².

Badania sugerują, że mężczyźni mają wyższe ryzyko rozwoju otępienia z ciałami Lewy’ego niż kobiety ⁶³. Mężczyźni są bardziej skłonni niż kobiety do rozległej patologii ciał Lewy’ego; a nawet gdy kobiety mają rozległą patologię ciał Lewy’ego, nadal są mniej skłonne niż mężczyźni do doświadczania DLB ⁶⁴.

Niektóre genetyczne czynniki ryzyka mogą być częstsze u mężczyzn, takie jak zmiany w genie GBA ⁶⁵. Ponadto niektóre czynniki genetyczne mogą zwiększać ryzyko DLB bardziej u mężczyzn niż u kobiet ⁶⁶.

Najsilniejszymi i najbardziej powtarzalnymi genetycznymi czynnikami ryzyka dla DLB są jednoznacznie allel APOE ε4 i glukocerebrozydaza (GBA) ⁶⁷. DLB wydaje się być genetycznie heterogeniczne, z rzadkim wkładem patogennych mutacji przyczynowych i stosunkowo powszechnymi czynnikami ryzyka, co może wyjaśniać, dlaczego DLB jest stosunkowo powszechnym zaburzeniem, ale z zmniejszoną agregacją w rodzinach ⁶⁸.

Historia rodzinna DLB i choroby Parkinsona zwiększa ryzyko u pacjenta ⁶⁹. Wiek i czas trwania choroby Parkinsona są głównymi czynnikami ryzyka dla PDD ⁷⁰.

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Materiały źródłowe

#1 Epidemiology, pathology, and pathogenesis of dementia with Lewy bodies – UpToDate
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/epidemiology-pathology-and-pathogenesis-of-dementia-with-lewy-bodies
Epidemiology, pathology, and pathogenesis of dementia with Lewy bodies […] Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is one of the most common causes of dementia after Alzheimer disease (AD) and vascular dementia. DLB often presents a diagnostic challenge given its clinical heterogeneity and overlap with other neurodegenerative diseases. Further, it was initially often overlooked pathologically because of the difficulty in identifying cortical Lewy bodies with routine histochemical stains. With the advent of immunohistochemical stains for constituents of Lewy bodies, the prevalence of this disorder has been better characterized. However, challenges still remain in defining and diagnosing DLB as an entity distinct from other degenerative dementias. […] DLB, although once considered rare, is recognized as a common cause of neurodegenerative dementia, affecting up to 5 percent of the general population and accounting for as much as 30 percent of all dementia cases. Such prevalence estimates place DLB as one of the most common causes of dementia, superseded only by Alzheimer disease (AD) and vascular dementia. Incidence rates have been estimated at 0.1 percent per year in the general population but up to 3.2 percent for new dementia cases.
#2 Lewy Body Dementia – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482441/
LBD is an under-diagnosed condition as it is poorly understood, and its clinical features overlap with other more common disorders, like Parkinson disease and Alzheimer disease. Studies have shown, however, that it accounts for up to 20% to 30% of all dementia cases. It is more common in men, and the incidence increases with age. It is prevalent in Asian, African, and European races. A family history of LBD and Parkinson disease increases a patient’s risk. […] The prognosis of LBD is fair to poor. Patients die from multiple complications like falls, immobility, cardiac complications, medication side effects, pneumonia, swallowing problems, and depression leading to suicide. The average life expectancy is only 5 to 8 years after the initial diagnosis. This also can be due to a lack of knowledge regarding LBD among physicians and the population and difficulty in differentiating it from other similar conditions, which leads to a delay in diagnosis, which delays the onset of specific therapy. Health professionals need to improve awareness regarding LBD and develop investigative methods to ensure its early diagnosis.
#3 Epidemiology, pathology, and pathogenesis of dementia with Lewy bodies – UpToDate
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/5087/print
Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is one of the most common causes of dementia after Alzheimer disease (AD) and vascular dementia. DLB often presents a diagnostic challenge given its clinical heterogeneity and overlap with other neurodegenerative diseases. […] DLB, although once considered rare, is recognized as a common cause of neurodegenerative dementia, affecting up to 5 percent of the general population and accounting for as much as 30 percent of all dementia cases. Such prevalence estimates place DLB as one of the most common causes of dementia, superseded only by Alzheimer disease (AD) and vascular dementia. Incidence rates have been estimated at 0.1 percent per year in the general population but up to 3.2 percent for new dementia cases. […] Similar to other neurodegenerative diseases, the prevalence of DLB increases with age, with an average age at presentation of 75 years. DLB has been reported to occur more frequently in males, with a male-to-female ratio of 4:1. However, a separate study showed an increased prevalence of Lewy body pathology in females compared with males.
#4 The Prevalence and Incidence of Dementia with Lewy Bodies: a Systematic Review – PubMed
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27307129/
Population-based prevalence and incidence studies are essential for understanding the societal burden of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). […] Twenty-two studies were included. Incidence rates ranged from 0.5 to 1.6 per 1000 person-years. DLB accounted for 3.2-7.1% of all dementia cases in the incidence studies. […] Point and period prevalence estimates ranged from 0.02 to 63.5 per 1000 persons. Increasing prevalence estimates were reported with increasing age. DLB accounted for from 0.3 to 24.4% of all cases of dementia in the prevalence studies. […] DLB becomes more common with increasing age and accounts for about 5% of all dementia cases in older populations.
#5 The Prevalence and Incidence of Dementia with Lewy Bodies: a Systematic Review | Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences | Cambridge Core
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/canadian-journal-of-neurological-sciences/article/prevalence-and-incidence-of-dementia-with-lewy-bodies-a-systematic-review/5A720B4E79E47546545FCC3B7612A771
Population-based prevalence and incidence studies are essential for understanding the societal burden of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). […] Twenty-two studies were included. Incidence rates ranged from 0.5 to 1.6 per 1000 person-years. DLB accounted for 3.2-7.1% of all dementia cases in the incidence studies. […] DLB becomes more common with increasing age and accounts for about 5% of all dementia cases in older populations. […] Among those aged 65+ residing in the community, DLB incidence rates ranged from 0.5 to 1.6 per 1000 person-years. […] DLB accounted for 3.2 to 7.1% of incident dementia cases (mean 4.6%, SD 1.5). […] DLB made up between 0.3 and 24.4% of all cases of dementia in the prevalence studies when the most restrictive definition for DLB provided was used (mean 6.4%, SD 6.1).
#6
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40120-019-00154-7
A significant proportion of dementia is concretely estimated to be attributable to dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB)one of the most common types of progressive dementia; however, there is a paucity of literature on this disease. […] DLB is an age-related disease, although onset before age 65 years is not uncommon, and is more prevalent in men than women. […] As of 2013, the incidence of DLB across all ages was 3.9 per 100,000 person-years in the United States (US). This incidence increases to 31.6 per 100,000 person-years in individuals older than 65 years of age. […] Despite DLB being the second most common neurodegenerative dementia, research in this disease is not as well advanced as for Alzheimers disease (AD). […] The management of symptoms for DLB includes the use of anxiolytics, antidepressants, melatonin, and other sleep medications.
#7 The Prevalence and Incidence of Dementia with Lewy Bodies: a Systematic Review | Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences | Cambridge Core
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/canadian-journal-of-neurological-sciences/article/prevalence-and-incidence-of-dementia-with-lewy-bodies-a-systematic-review/5A720B4E79E47546545FCC3B7612A771
Population-based prevalence and incidence studies are essential for understanding the societal burden of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). […] Twenty-two studies were included. Incidence rates ranged from 0.5 to 1.6 per 1000 person-years. DLB accounted for 3.2-7.1% of all dementia cases in the incidence studies. […] DLB becomes more common with increasing age and accounts for about 5% of all dementia cases in older populations. […] Among those aged 65+ residing in the community, DLB incidence rates ranged from 0.5 to 1.6 per 1000 person-years. […] DLB accounted for 3.2 to 7.1% of incident dementia cases (mean 4.6%, SD 1.5). […] DLB made up between 0.3 and 24.4% of all cases of dementia in the prevalence studies when the most restrictive definition for DLB provided was used (mean 6.4%, SD 6.1).
#8 The Prevalence and Incidence of Dementia with Lewy Bodies: a Systematic Review – PubMed
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27307129/
Population-based prevalence and incidence studies are essential for understanding the societal burden of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). […] Twenty-two studies were included. Incidence rates ranged from 0.5 to 1.6 per 1000 person-years. DLB accounted for 3.2-7.1% of all dementia cases in the incidence studies. […] Point and period prevalence estimates ranged from 0.02 to 63.5 per 1000 persons. Increasing prevalence estimates were reported with increasing age. DLB accounted for from 0.3 to 24.4% of all cases of dementia in the prevalence studies. […] DLB becomes more common with increasing age and accounts for about 5% of all dementia cases in older populations.
#9 The Prevalence and Incidence of Dementia with Lewy Bodies: a Systematic Review | Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences | Cambridge Core
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/canadian-journal-of-neurological-sciences/article/prevalence-and-incidence-of-dementia-with-lewy-bodies-a-systematic-review/5A720B4E79E47546545FCC3B7612A771
Population-based prevalence and incidence studies are essential for understanding the societal burden of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). […] Twenty-two studies were included. Incidence rates ranged from 0.5 to 1.6 per 1000 person-years. DLB accounted for 3.2-7.1% of all dementia cases in the incidence studies. […] DLB becomes more common with increasing age and accounts for about 5% of all dementia cases in older populations. […] Among those aged 65+ residing in the community, DLB incidence rates ranged from 0.5 to 1.6 per 1000 person-years. […] DLB accounted for 3.2 to 7.1% of incident dementia cases (mean 4.6%, SD 1.5). […] DLB made up between 0.3 and 24.4% of all cases of dementia in the prevalence studies when the most restrictive definition for DLB provided was used (mean 6.4%, SD 6.1).
#10 Clinical prevalence of Lewy body dementia | Alzheimer’s Research & Therapy | Full Text
https://alzres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13195-018-0350-6
A recent meta-analysis of epidemiological studies reported that DLB represented 7.5% of all dementia cases in clinical populations. […] The systematic review found the prevalence of PDD as a percentage of all dementia cases to be 3.6%. […] Neuropathological studies report that DLB comprises up to 1520% of cases of dementia. […] The clinical prevalence of DLB and PDD therefore remains unclear. […] We aimed to investigate the prevalence in a case series of DLB and dementia in PD across two distinct geographical sites. […] DLB prevalence in this case series was calculated as the percentage of DLB cases amongst the total number of dementia cases identified. […] PDD prevalence in the case series was calculated as the number of PD cases diagnosed with dementia, divided by the entire PD population seen during the screening period.
#11 Dementia with Lewy bodies | Radiology Reference Article | Radiopaedia.org
https://radiopaedia.org/articles/dementia-with-lewy-bodies?embed_domain=hackmd.io%2525252f%25252540yipuafecsl2jsu8smr5njq%2525252fbnjhjgjghjghjgh&lang=gb
Dementia with Lewy bodies presents in older patients (onset typically in 50-70 years of age), and is sporadic 1,2,7. […] It is the second most common neurodegenerative cause of dementia in older patients, after Alzheimer disease, accounting for 15-20% of cases 3,4,7.
#12 Clinical prevalence of Lewy body dementia | Alzheimer’s Research & Therapy | Full Text
https://alzres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13195-018-0350-6
The prevalence of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and dementia in Parkinsons disease (PDD) in routine clinical practice is unclear. Prevalence rates observed in clinical and population-based cohorts and neuropathological studies vary greatly. […] Patients with DLB comprised 4.6% (95% CI 4.05.2%) of all dementia cases. […] DLB was represented in a significantly higher proportion of dementia cases in services in the North East (5.6%) than those in East Anglia (3.3%; 2 = 13.6, p 0.01). […] DLB prevalence in individual services ranged from 2.4 to 5.9%. […] PDD comprised 9.7% (95% CI 8.311.1%) of Parkinsons disease cases. […] We found that the frequency of clinical diagnosis of DLB varied between geographical regions in the UK, and that the prevalence of both DLB and PDD was much lower than would be expected in this case series, suggesting considerable under-diagnosis of both disorders.
#13 Clinical prevalence of Lewy body dementia | Alzheimer’s Research & Therapy | Full Text
https://alzres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13195-018-0350-6
The prevalence of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and dementia in Parkinsons disease (PDD) in routine clinical practice is unclear. Prevalence rates observed in clinical and population-based cohorts and neuropathological studies vary greatly. […] Patients with DLB comprised 4.6% (95% CI 4.05.2%) of all dementia cases. […] DLB was represented in a significantly higher proportion of dementia cases in services in the North East (5.6%) than those in East Anglia (3.3%; 2 = 13.6, p 0.01). […] DLB prevalence in individual services ranged from 2.4 to 5.9%. […] PDD comprised 9.7% (95% CI 8.311.1%) of Parkinsons disease cases. […] We found that the frequency of clinical diagnosis of DLB varied between geographical regions in the UK, and that the prevalence of both DLB and PDD was much lower than would be expected in this case series, suggesting considerable under-diagnosis of both disorders.
#14 7MM Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB) Epidemiology Forecast
https://www.globenewswire.com/news-release/2025/02/11/3024329/28124/en/7MM-Dementia-with-Lewy-Bodies-DLB-Epidemiology-Forecast-2020-2034.html
For the purpose of designing the patient-based model for Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB), the report provides historical as well as forecasted epidemiology segmented by Total Prevalent Cases of Dementia, Total Diagnosed Prevalent cases of Dementia, Total Diagnosed Prevalent cases of Dementia with Lewy Bodies, Gender-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of DLB, and Age-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of DLB in the 7MM covering the United States, EU4 countries (Germany, France, Italy, and Spain) and the United Kingdom, and Japan, from 2020 to 2034. […] The report delivers an in-depth understanding of the Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB), historical and forecasted epidemiology in the United States, EU4 (Germany, France, Italy, and Spain) and the United Kingdom, and Japan. […] In 2022, the total prevalent cases of dementia in the 7MM were estimated at approximately 21 million, with around 11 million cases diagnosed. Projections indicate a rise in cases during the forecasted period from 2023 to 2034.
#15 7MM Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB) Epidemiology Forecast
https://www.globenewswire.com/news-release/2025/02/11/3024329/28124/en/7MM-Dementia-with-Lewy-Bodies-DLB-Epidemiology-Forecast-2020-2034.html
Among EU4 and the UK, the diagnosed prevalent cases of DLB were highest in the UK with around 44 thousand cases, followed by Germany with over 38 thousand cases, while Spain accounted for the least cases with about 24 thousand in 2022. […] In 2022, Japan ranked second after the US in diagnosed prevalent cases of DLB, comprising 22% of all cases in the 7MM. This underscores the significant burden of DLB in Japan and highlights the importance of addressing the challenges associated with this condition within the country’s healthcare system. […] Among the segmented age groups of 60-69 years, 70-74 years, 75-79 years, 80-84 years, and 85+ years, the highest number of cases was estimated to be in the group 85+ years, accounting for approximately 39% of the total diagnosed cases in the 7MM in 2022.
#16 7MM Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB) Epidemiology Forecast
https://www.globenewswire.com/news-release/2025/02/11/3024329/28124/en/7MM-Dementia-with-Lewy-Bodies-DLB-Epidemiology-Forecast-2020-2034.html
Among EU4 and the UK, the diagnosed prevalent cases of DLB were highest in the UK with around 44 thousand cases, followed by Germany with over 38 thousand cases, while Spain accounted for the least cases with about 24 thousand in 2022. […] In 2022, Japan ranked second after the US in diagnosed prevalent cases of DLB, comprising 22% of all cases in the 7MM. This underscores the significant burden of DLB in Japan and highlights the importance of addressing the challenges associated with this condition within the country’s healthcare system. […] Among the segmented age groups of 60-69 years, 70-74 years, 75-79 years, 80-84 years, and 85+ years, the highest number of cases was estimated to be in the group 85+ years, accounting for approximately 39% of the total diagnosed cases in the 7MM in 2022.
#17 Incidence and prevalence of Lewy body dementia in India: A systematic review
https://accscience.com/journal/AN/3/3/10.36922/an.4098
With increasing life expectancy in India, the prevalence of age-related disorders, such as dementia has also increased. […] Herein, we aimed to systematically review studies investigating the prevalence of the Lewy body dementia (LBD) subtype in India. […] DLB or LBD has been reported to represent 1.0 8.9% of dementia diagnoses. […] A paucity of research on LBD epidemiology in India is compounded by methodological heterogeneity, poorly representative cohorts, and varying access to biomarkers. […] Consensus guidelines may support data harmonization and the creation of multisite consortia, which could redress the under-representation of Central Asian data in epidemiological and genetic LBD studies.
#18 Epidemiology, pathology, and pathogenesis of dementia with Lewy bodies – UpToDate
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/epidemiology-pathology-and-pathogenesis-of-dementia-with-lewy-bodies
Similar to other neurodegenerative diseases, the prevalence of DLB increases with age, with an average age at presentation of 75 years. DLB has been reported to occur more frequently in males, with a male-to-female ratio of 4:1. However, a separate study showed an increased prevalence of Lewy body pathology in females compared with males.
#19 Epidemiology, pathology, and pathogenesis of dementia with Lewy bodies – UpToDate
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/5087/print
Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is one of the most common causes of dementia after Alzheimer disease (AD) and vascular dementia. DLB often presents a diagnostic challenge given its clinical heterogeneity and overlap with other neurodegenerative diseases. […] DLB, although once considered rare, is recognized as a common cause of neurodegenerative dementia, affecting up to 5 percent of the general population and accounting for as much as 30 percent of all dementia cases. Such prevalence estimates place DLB as one of the most common causes of dementia, superseded only by Alzheimer disease (AD) and vascular dementia. Incidence rates have been estimated at 0.1 percent per year in the general population but up to 3.2 percent for new dementia cases. […] Similar to other neurodegenerative diseases, the prevalence of DLB increases with age, with an average age at presentation of 75 years. DLB has been reported to occur more frequently in males, with a male-to-female ratio of 4:1. However, a separate study showed an increased prevalence of Lewy body pathology in females compared with males.
#20 About LBD – Lewy Body Dementia Association
https://www.lbda.org/about-lbd/
The most common features of DLB are progressive cognitive impairment leading eventually to full-blown dementia, parkinsonian motor symptoms (tremor, slowed mobility, stiffness of muscles, stooped posture, shuffling gait), visual hallucinations, and fluctuations in levels of alertness and cognitive acuity. […] The cause of LBD is unknown. […] Older age is the greatest risk factor for LBD, with most diagnoses being made in individuals over the age of 50. […] Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD), a condition characterized by dream enactment, is a common risk factor for DLB, PD and other synucleinopathies, often occurring many years before the onset of parkinsonism or cognitive impairment. […] In 2013, the National Institutes of Health organized a summit that resulted in the first national research strategy for LBD. Updated in 2016, research priorities for LBD include: Developing new drugs for clinical trials, Establishing longitudinal studies culminating in autopsy studies to improve diagnosis of DLB, Determining which individuals with PD have a high risk of progressing to dementia, Developing a better understanding of the disease mechanisms through brain mapping and genetics, Identifying validated biological and imaging biomarkers to detect disease presence, measure progression and advance the development of safe and effective symptomatic and disease modifying therapies.
#21 Dementia with Lewy bodies – Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dementia_with_Lewy_bodies
Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is a type of dementia characterized by changes in sleep, behavior, cognition, movement, and regulation of automatic bodily functions. […] The disease worsens over time and is usually diagnosed when cognitive impairment interferes with normal daily functioning. […] It is a common form of dementia, but the prevalence is not known accurately and many diagnoses are missed. […] DLB typically begins after the age of fifty, and people with the disease have an average life expectancy, with wide variability, of about four years after diagnosis. […] The exact cause is unknown but involves formation of abnormal clumps of protein in neurons throughout the brain. […] DLB is thought to be slightly more common in men than women, but this finding has been challenged and is inconsistent across studies.
#22 7MM Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB) Epidemiology Forecast
https://www.globenewswire.com/news-release/2025/02/11/3024329/28124/en/7MM-Dementia-with-Lewy-Bodies-DLB-Epidemiology-Forecast-2020-2034.html
Among EU4 and the UK, the diagnosed prevalent cases of DLB were highest in the UK with around 44 thousand cases, followed by Germany with over 38 thousand cases, while Spain accounted for the least cases with about 24 thousand in 2022. […] In 2022, Japan ranked second after the US in diagnosed prevalent cases of DLB, comprising 22% of all cases in the 7MM. This underscores the significant burden of DLB in Japan and highlights the importance of addressing the challenges associated with this condition within the country’s healthcare system. […] Among the segmented age groups of 60-69 years, 70-74 years, 75-79 years, 80-84 years, and 85+ years, the highest number of cases was estimated to be in the group 85+ years, accounting for approximately 39% of the total diagnosed cases in the 7MM in 2022.
#23 Epidemiology, pathology, and pathogenesis of dementia with Lewy bodies – UpToDate
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/epidemiology-pathology-and-pathogenesis-of-dementia-with-lewy-bodies
Similar to other neurodegenerative diseases, the prevalence of DLB increases with age, with an average age at presentation of 75 years. DLB has been reported to occur more frequently in males, with a male-to-female ratio of 4:1. However, a separate study showed an increased prevalence of Lewy body pathology in females compared with males.
#24 Epidemiology, pathology, and pathogenesis of dementia with Lewy bodies – UpToDate
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/5087/print
Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is one of the most common causes of dementia after Alzheimer disease (AD) and vascular dementia. DLB often presents a diagnostic challenge given its clinical heterogeneity and overlap with other neurodegenerative diseases. […] DLB, although once considered rare, is recognized as a common cause of neurodegenerative dementia, affecting up to 5 percent of the general population and accounting for as much as 30 percent of all dementia cases. Such prevalence estimates place DLB as one of the most common causes of dementia, superseded only by Alzheimer disease (AD) and vascular dementia. Incidence rates have been estimated at 0.1 percent per year in the general population but up to 3.2 percent for new dementia cases. […] Similar to other neurodegenerative diseases, the prevalence of DLB increases with age, with an average age at presentation of 75 years. DLB has been reported to occur more frequently in males, with a male-to-female ratio of 4:1. However, a separate study showed an increased prevalence of Lewy body pathology in females compared with males.
#25 Lewy Body Dementia: Practice Essentials, Background, Etiology
https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1135041-overview
Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is a progressive, degenerative dementia of unknown etiology. […] Findings from autopsy studies suggest that DLB accounts for 10-20% of dementias. However, because the sensitivity and specificity of clinical diagnosis are poor, no good epidemiologic data on the incidence or prevalence of DLB are available. […] Autopsy studies in Europe and Japan indicate that the frequency of DLB is comparable with that reported in studies from the United States. A prospective, population-based study in a cohort of persons over the age of 65 years in southwestern France found an incidence of 112 cases per 100,000 person-years for suspected DLB. […] DLB has been described in Asian, African, and European races. Data concerning the relative frequency of DLB in different races are not available. Most studies suggest that DLB is slightly more common in men than in women. […] DLB is a disease of late middle age and old age. The aforementioned study in southwestern France found that the incidence of DLB increased continuously with advancing age, whereas that of Parkinson disease decreased after age 85 years.
#26 Epidemiology, pathology, and pathogenesis of dementia with Lewy bodies – UpToDate
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/epidemiology-pathology-and-pathogenesis-of-dementia-with-lewy-bodies
Similar to other neurodegenerative diseases, the prevalence of DLB increases with age, with an average age at presentation of 75 years. DLB has been reported to occur more frequently in males, with a male-to-female ratio of 4:1. However, a separate study showed an increased prevalence of Lewy body pathology in females compared with males.
#27 Grey matter networks in women and men with dementia with Lewy bodies | npj Parkinson’s Disease
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41531-024-00702-5
Sex differences permeate many aspects of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), yet sex differences in patterns of neurodegeneration in DLB remain largely unexplored. […] In this cross-sectional study, we analysed clinical and neuroimaging data of patients with DLB and cognitively healthy controls matched for age and sex. […] Data from 119 (68.78.4 years) men and 45 women (69.99.1 years) with DLB, and 164 healthy controls were included in this study. […] While topologies of grey matter networks differed between sexes in healthy controls, those sex differences were diluted in DLB patients. […] These findings suggest a disease-driven convergence of neurodegenerative patterns in women and men with DLB, which may inform precision medicine in DLB. […] Currently, there is no available topographical biomarker for the spread of -synuclein pathology in the brain in-vivo.
#28 Lewy Body Dementia – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482441/
LBD is an under-diagnosed condition as it is poorly understood, and its clinical features overlap with other more common disorders, like Parkinson disease and Alzheimer disease. Studies have shown, however, that it accounts for up to 20% to 30% of all dementia cases. It is more common in men, and the incidence increases with age. It is prevalent in Asian, African, and European races. A family history of LBD and Parkinson disease increases a patient’s risk. […] The prognosis of LBD is fair to poor. Patients die from multiple complications like falls, immobility, cardiac complications, medication side effects, pneumonia, swallowing problems, and depression leading to suicide. The average life expectancy is only 5 to 8 years after the initial diagnosis. This also can be due to a lack of knowledge regarding LBD among physicians and the population and difficulty in differentiating it from other similar conditions, which leads to a delay in diagnosis, which delays the onset of specific therapy. Health professionals need to improve awareness regarding LBD and develop investigative methods to ensure its early diagnosis.
#29 Epidemiology, pathology, and pathogenesis of dementia with Lewy bodies – UpToDate
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/5087/print
Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is one of the most common causes of dementia after Alzheimer disease (AD) and vascular dementia. DLB often presents a diagnostic challenge given its clinical heterogeneity and overlap with other neurodegenerative diseases. […] DLB, although once considered rare, is recognized as a common cause of neurodegenerative dementia, affecting up to 5 percent of the general population and accounting for as much as 30 percent of all dementia cases. Such prevalence estimates place DLB as one of the most common causes of dementia, superseded only by Alzheimer disease (AD) and vascular dementia. Incidence rates have been estimated at 0.1 percent per year in the general population but up to 3.2 percent for new dementia cases. […] Similar to other neurodegenerative diseases, the prevalence of DLB increases with age, with an average age at presentation of 75 years. DLB has been reported to occur more frequently in males, with a male-to-female ratio of 4:1. However, a separate study showed an increased prevalence of Lewy body pathology in females compared with males.
#30 Dementia with Lewy bodies: an update and outlook | Molecular Neurodegeneration | Full Text
https://molecularneurodegeneration.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13024-019-0306-8
Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is an age-associated neurodegenerative disorder producing progressive cognitive decline that interferes with normal life and daily activities. […] Clinical under-diagnosis of DLB, and over-diagnosis of PD, have led to most studies of LBD focusing on PD and PDD, leaving DLB historically under-researched relative to its population prevalence. […] While a recent UK estimate found that only 4.6% of specialist dementia service referrals were clinically diagnosed with DLB, substantial LB pathology was present in about 20% of post-mortem brains, further underpinning the general under-diagnosis of DLB during life. […] The current clinical diagnostic criteria for DLB are shown in Table 1. Dementia, defined as a progressive cognitive decline of sufficient magnitude to interfere with normal social or occupational functions, or with usual daily activities, is an essential requirement.
#31 Epidemiology, pathology, and pathogenesis of dementia with Lewy bodies – UpToDate
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/epidemiology-pathology-and-pathogenesis-of-dementia-with-lewy-bodies
Epidemiology, pathology, and pathogenesis of dementia with Lewy bodies […] Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is one of the most common causes of dementia after Alzheimer disease (AD) and vascular dementia. DLB often presents a diagnostic challenge given its clinical heterogeneity and overlap with other neurodegenerative diseases. Further, it was initially often overlooked pathologically because of the difficulty in identifying cortical Lewy bodies with routine histochemical stains. With the advent of immunohistochemical stains for constituents of Lewy bodies, the prevalence of this disorder has been better characterized. However, challenges still remain in defining and diagnosing DLB as an entity distinct from other degenerative dementias. […] DLB, although once considered rare, is recognized as a common cause of neurodegenerative dementia, affecting up to 5 percent of the general population and accounting for as much as 30 percent of all dementia cases. Such prevalence estimates place DLB as one of the most common causes of dementia, superseded only by Alzheimer disease (AD) and vascular dementia. Incidence rates have been estimated at 0.1 percent per year in the general population but up to 3.2 percent for new dementia cases.
#32 Epidemiology, pathology, and pathogenesis of dementia with Lewy bodies – UpToDate
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/epidemiology-pathology-and-pathogenesis-of-dementia-with-lewy-bodies
Epidemiology, pathology, and pathogenesis of dementia with Lewy bodies […] Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is one of the most common causes of dementia after Alzheimer disease (AD) and vascular dementia. DLB often presents a diagnostic challenge given its clinical heterogeneity and overlap with other neurodegenerative diseases. Further, it was initially often overlooked pathologically because of the difficulty in identifying cortical Lewy bodies with routine histochemical stains. With the advent of immunohistochemical stains for constituents of Lewy bodies, the prevalence of this disorder has been better characterized. However, challenges still remain in defining and diagnosing DLB as an entity distinct from other degenerative dementias. […] DLB, although once considered rare, is recognized as a common cause of neurodegenerative dementia, affecting up to 5 percent of the general population and accounting for as much as 30 percent of all dementia cases. Such prevalence estimates place DLB as one of the most common causes of dementia, superseded only by Alzheimer disease (AD) and vascular dementia. Incidence rates have been estimated at 0.1 percent per year in the general population but up to 3.2 percent for new dementia cases.
#33 What Is Lewy Body Dementia?
https://www.alzheimers.gov/alzheimers-dementias/lewy-body-dementia
More than 1 million people in the United States are diagnosed with LBD, which is one of the most common forms of dementia. […] Dementia with Lewy bodies is often hard to diagnose early because symptoms may at first look like Alzheimer’s or a mental illness such as schizophrenia. […] To diagnose LBD, doctors may: Ask questions about a persons medical history and symptoms. […] Although LBD currently cannot be prevented or cured, treatments may be able to help with some of the symptoms. […] It’s important to know which type of LBD a person has, both to tailor treatment to symptoms and to understand how the disease will likely progress. […] Researchers are working to better understand LBD and related disorders to treat and prevent these diseases.
#34 Dementia with Lewy bodies – Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dementia_with_Lewy_bodies
The incidence and prevalence of DLB are not known accurately, but estimates are increasing with better recognition of the condition since 2017. […] About 0.4% of those over the age of 65 are affected with DLB, and between 1 and 4 per 1,000 people develop the condition each year. […] The diagnostic criteria for DLB before 2017 were highly specific, but not very sensitive, so that more than half of cases were missed historically. […] Dementia with Lewy bodies was under-recognized as of 2021, and there is little data on its epidemiology.
#35 Clinical prevalence of Lewy body dementia | Alzheimer’s Research & Therapy | Full Text
https://alzres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13195-018-0350-6
The prevalence of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and dementia in Parkinsons disease (PDD) in routine clinical practice is unclear. Prevalence rates observed in clinical and population-based cohorts and neuropathological studies vary greatly. […] Patients with DLB comprised 4.6% (95% CI 4.05.2%) of all dementia cases. […] DLB was represented in a significantly higher proportion of dementia cases in services in the North East (5.6%) than those in East Anglia (3.3%; 2 = 13.6, p 0.01). […] DLB prevalence in individual services ranged from 2.4 to 5.9%. […] PDD comprised 9.7% (95% CI 8.311.1%) of Parkinsons disease cases. […] We found that the frequency of clinical diagnosis of DLB varied between geographical regions in the UK, and that the prevalence of both DLB and PDD was much lower than would be expected in this case series, suggesting considerable under-diagnosis of both disorders.
#36 Clinical prevalence of Lewy body dementia | Alzheimer’s Research & Therapy | Full Text
https://alzres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13195-018-0350-6
Our study identified clinical prevalence rates of DLB and PDD in a case series considerably lower than that reported by clinical epidemiological cohorts and neuropathological studies. […] Importantly, we observed significant differences in the rates of DLB diagnosis among different regions, and a preponderance of DLB among males and younger patients. […] Although our observation of regional variation in diagnosis could be attributed to different patterns of disease prevalence, a more likely explanation is that varying clinical diagnostic practices produce differences in DLB and PDD detection, rather than true disease prevalence.
#37 Clinical prevalence of Lewy body dementia | Alzheimer’s Research & Therapy | Full Text
https://alzres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13195-018-0350-6
Our study identified clinical prevalence rates of DLB and PDD in a case series considerably lower than that reported by clinical epidemiological cohorts and neuropathological studies. […] Importantly, we observed significant differences in the rates of DLB diagnosis among different regions, and a preponderance of DLB among males and younger patients. […] Although our observation of regional variation in diagnosis could be attributed to different patterns of disease prevalence, a more likely explanation is that varying clinical diagnostic practices produce differences in DLB and PDD detection, rather than true disease prevalence.
#38 Lewy Body Dementia
https://practicalneurology.com/articles/2019-june/lewy-body-dementia-1
There is ongoing debate regarding the validity of the 1-year rule between PDD and DLB researchers. […] The LBCRS was validated in a consecutive series of 256 participants compared with the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) and criterion standard measures of cognition, motor symptoms, function, and behavior. […] Although there are no biomarkers specific for LBD, revisions to diagnostic criteria recognize the move to incorporate biomarkers to increase specificity of clinical diagnoses. […] The fourth consensus report advances the previous consensus criteria by incorporating biomarker presence along with redefining the core features to allow the diagnosis of probable DLB.
#39 Lewy Body Dementia
https://practicalneurology.com/diseases-diagnoses/alzheimer-disease-dementias/lewy-body-dementia-1/31536/
Although there are no biomarkers specific for LBD, revisions to diagnostic criteria recognize the move to incorporate biomarkers to increase specificity of clinical diagnoses. The most common biomarker used in dementia clinical and research evaluations is MRI. Cortical atrophy is common to many neurodegenerative diseases, however the relative preservation of medial temporal lobe structures in DLB may help distinguish it from AD. […] Public awareness campaigns, such as those led by the Lewy Body Dementia Association that specifically address LBD may aid in generating increased awareness, foster new research collaborations, and the development of new therapies to benefit people with LBD and their families.
#40 Lewy Body Dementia
https://practicalneurology.com/diseases-diagnoses/alzheimer-disease-dementias/lewy-body-dementia-1/31536/
Although there are no biomarkers specific for LBD, revisions to diagnostic criteria recognize the move to incorporate biomarkers to increase specificity of clinical diagnoses. The most common biomarker used in dementia clinical and research evaluations is MRI. Cortical atrophy is common to many neurodegenerative diseases, however the relative preservation of medial temporal lobe structures in DLB may help distinguish it from AD. […] Public awareness campaigns, such as those led by the Lewy Body Dementia Association that specifically address LBD may aid in generating increased awareness, foster new research collaborations, and the development of new therapies to benefit people with LBD and their families.
#41 Lewy Body Dementia
https://practicalneurology.com/articles/2019-june/lewy-body-dementia-1
There is ongoing debate regarding the validity of the 1-year rule between PDD and DLB researchers. […] The LBCRS was validated in a consecutive series of 256 participants compared with the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) and criterion standard measures of cognition, motor symptoms, function, and behavior. […] Although there are no biomarkers specific for LBD, revisions to diagnostic criteria recognize the move to incorporate biomarkers to increase specificity of clinical diagnoses. […] The fourth consensus report advances the previous consensus criteria by incorporating biomarker presence along with redefining the core features to allow the diagnosis of probable DLB.
#42 Diagnosis of Dementia with Lewy Bodies: Fluctuations, Biomarkers, and Beyond | IntechOpen
https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/77239
The clinical diagnosis of DLB relies first on the presence of dementia as defined in the Cognition section of Clinical Presentations. […] Two of these core features are sufficient to diagnose probable DLB. […] In the absence of any core features, the presence of an indicative biomarker fulfills the criterion for diagnosing possible DLB. […] The likelihood of a clinical DLB syndrome is thought to be a function of both the distribution of Lewy bodies and the severity of AD-type pathology.
#43 Dementia with Lewy bodies: an update and outlook | Molecular Neurodegeneration | Full Text
https://molecularneurodegeneration.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13024-019-0306-8
Another important issue to consider is the relationship between the diagnosis of DLB and that of dementia occurring in a patient with a pre-existing clinical diagnosis of PD, usually referred to as PDD. […] The mean age of onset of PDD and DLB is similar at 70 years whereas PD onset is typically earlier with a mean of 60 years. […] The diagnostic criteria of DLB identify indicative and supportive biomarkers based upon their diagnostic specificity and the volume of good quality evidence available. […] The presence of an indicative biomarker in combination with a single core clinical feature is sufficient for a diagnosis of probable DLB. […] DLB is associated with less severe medial temporal lobe atrophy on structural imaging when compared to AD. […] The strongest and most replicated genetic risk factors for DLB are unequivocally APOE 4 allele and Glucocerebrosidase (GBA). […] DLB appears to be genetically heterogeneous, with a rare contribution of pathogenic causative mutations and relatively common risk factors, which may explain why DLB is a relatively common disorder, but with a reduced aggregation in families.
#44 Dementia with Lewy bodies: an update and outlook | Molecular Neurodegeneration | Full Text
https://molecularneurodegeneration.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13024-019-0306-8
Another important issue to consider is the relationship between the diagnosis of DLB and that of dementia occurring in a patient with a pre-existing clinical diagnosis of PD, usually referred to as PDD. […] The mean age of onset of PDD and DLB is similar at 70 years whereas PD onset is typically earlier with a mean of 60 years. […] The diagnostic criteria of DLB identify indicative and supportive biomarkers based upon their diagnostic specificity and the volume of good quality evidence available. […] The presence of an indicative biomarker in combination with a single core clinical feature is sufficient for a diagnosis of probable DLB. […] DLB is associated with less severe medial temporal lobe atrophy on structural imaging when compared to AD. […] The strongest and most replicated genetic risk factors for DLB are unequivocally APOE 4 allele and Glucocerebrosidase (GBA). […] DLB appears to be genetically heterogeneous, with a rare contribution of pathogenic causative mutations and relatively common risk factors, which may explain why DLB is a relatively common disorder, but with a reduced aggregation in families.
#45 Lewy Body Dementia
https://practicalneurology.com/diseases-diagnoses/alzheimer-disease-dementias/lewy-body-dementia-1/31536/
There is no single sign or symptom that definitively distinguishes PDD from DLB. Current clinical criteria for DLB distinguish PDD only by the temporal requirement that the dementia manifests more than 12 months after the onset of motor signs; if dementia precedes or is concurrent with parkinsonism, then DLB is diagnosed. There is ongoing debate regarding the validity of the 1-year rule between PDD and DLB researchers. […] A diagnostic challenge, particularly outside of expert centers, there are long delays in diagnosing LBD leading to significant burden. Although consensus criteria have excellent specificity, there is no standardized way to assess symptoms, reducing sensitivity. We developed the LB Composite Risk Score (LBCRS) from autopsy-verified cases to improve the ability to detect LBD in clinic and research populations.
#46 Lewy Body Dementia
https://practicalneurology.com/diseases-diagnoses/alzheimer-disease-dementias/lewy-body-dementia-1/31536/
There is no single sign or symptom that definitively distinguishes PDD from DLB. Current clinical criteria for DLB distinguish PDD only by the temporal requirement that the dementia manifests more than 12 months after the onset of motor signs; if dementia precedes or is concurrent with parkinsonism, then DLB is diagnosed. There is ongoing debate regarding the validity of the 1-year rule between PDD and DLB researchers. […] A diagnostic challenge, particularly outside of expert centers, there are long delays in diagnosing LBD leading to significant burden. Although consensus criteria have excellent specificity, there is no standardized way to assess symptoms, reducing sensitivity. We developed the LB Composite Risk Score (LBCRS) from autopsy-verified cases to improve the ability to detect LBD in clinic and research populations.
#47 Lewy Body Dementias: A Coin with Two Sides?
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-328X/11/7/94
The time interval of dementia onset relative to parkinsonism remains the major distinction between DLB and PDD, underpinning controversy about whether they are the same illness in a different spectrum of the disease or two separate neurodegenerative disorders. […] The treatment for LBD is only symptomatic, but the expected progression and prognosis differ between the two entities. Diagnosis in prodromal stages should be of the utmost importance, because implementing early treatment might change the course of the illness if disease-modifying therapies are developed in the future. Thus, the identification of novel biomarkers constitutes an area of active research, with a special focus on Î±-synuclein markers.
#48
https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/dementia
Dementia is caused by many different diseases or injuries that directly and indirectly damage the brain. […] Other forms include vascular dementia, dementia with Lewy bodies (abnormal deposits of protein inside nerve cells), and a group of diseases that contribute to frontotemporal dementia (degeneration of the frontal lobe of the brain). […] Dementia may also develop after a stroke or in the context of certain infections such as HIV, as a result of harmful use of alcohol, repetitive physical injuries to the brain (known as chronic traumatic encephalopathy) or nutritional deficiencies. […] The boundaries between different forms of dementia are indistinct and mixed forms often co-exist. […] WHO recognizes dementia as a public health priority. […] To facilitate the monitoring of the global dementia action plan, WHO developed the Global Dementia Observatory (GDO), a data portal that collates country data on 35 key dementia indicators across the global action plans seven strategic areas. […] As a complement to the GDO, WHO launched the GDO Knowledge Exchange Platform, which is a repository of good practices examples in the area of dementia with the goal of fostering mutual learning and multi-directional exchange between regions, countries and individuals to facilitate action globally.
#49
https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/dementia
Dementia is caused by many different diseases or injuries that directly and indirectly damage the brain. […] Other forms include vascular dementia, dementia with Lewy bodies (abnormal deposits of protein inside nerve cells), and a group of diseases that contribute to frontotemporal dementia (degeneration of the frontal lobe of the brain). […] Dementia may also develop after a stroke or in the context of certain infections such as HIV, as a result of harmful use of alcohol, repetitive physical injuries to the brain (known as chronic traumatic encephalopathy) or nutritional deficiencies. […] The boundaries between different forms of dementia are indistinct and mixed forms often co-exist. […] WHO recognizes dementia as a public health priority. […] To facilitate the monitoring of the global dementia action plan, WHO developed the Global Dementia Observatory (GDO), a data portal that collates country data on 35 key dementia indicators across the global action plans seven strategic areas. […] As a complement to the GDO, WHO launched the GDO Knowledge Exchange Platform, which is a repository of good practices examples in the area of dementia with the goal of fostering mutual learning and multi-directional exchange between regions, countries and individuals to facilitate action globally.
#50 Lewy Body Dementia – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482441/
LBD is an under-diagnosed condition as it is poorly understood, and its clinical features overlap with other more common disorders, like Parkinson disease and Alzheimer disease. Studies have shown, however, that it accounts for up to 20% to 30% of all dementia cases. It is more common in men, and the incidence increases with age. It is prevalent in Asian, African, and European races. A family history of LBD and Parkinson disease increases a patient’s risk. […] The prognosis of LBD is fair to poor. Patients die from multiple complications like falls, immobility, cardiac complications, medication side effects, pneumonia, swallowing problems, and depression leading to suicide. The average life expectancy is only 5 to 8 years after the initial diagnosis. This also can be due to a lack of knowledge regarding LBD among physicians and the population and difficulty in differentiating it from other similar conditions, which leads to a delay in diagnosis, which delays the onset of specific therapy. Health professionals need to improve awareness regarding LBD and develop investigative methods to ensure its early diagnosis.
#51 Lewy Body Dementia – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482441/
LBD is an under-diagnosed condition as it is poorly understood, and its clinical features overlap with other more common disorders, like Parkinson disease and Alzheimer disease. Studies have shown, however, that it accounts for up to 20% to 30% of all dementia cases. It is more common in men, and the incidence increases with age. It is prevalent in Asian, African, and European races. A family history of LBD and Parkinson disease increases a patient’s risk. […] The prognosis of LBD is fair to poor. Patients die from multiple complications like falls, immobility, cardiac complications, medication side effects, pneumonia, swallowing problems, and depression leading to suicide. The average life expectancy is only 5 to 8 years after the initial diagnosis. This also can be due to a lack of knowledge regarding LBD among physicians and the population and difficulty in differentiating it from other similar conditions, which leads to a delay in diagnosis, which delays the onset of specific therapy. Health professionals need to improve awareness regarding LBD and develop investigative methods to ensure its early diagnosis.
#52 Dementia with Lewy bodies: MedlinePlus GeneticsLock
https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/dementia-with-lewy-bodies/
Dementia with Lewy bodies is estimated to affect 1.4 million people in the United States. It accounts for about 5 percent of all dementia cases in older individuals and is the second most common dementia after Alzheimer’s disease. […] The life expectancy of individuals with dementia with Lewy bodies varies; people typically survive about 5 to 7 years after they are diagnosed.
#53 Dementia with Lewy Bodies | Doctor
https://patient.info/doctor/dementia-with-lewy-bodies
DLB is a common type of dementia which is estimated to affect more than 100,000 people in the UK. It is rare under the age of 65. DLB and dementia in Parkinson’s disease together may be the cause of up to 15% of cases of dementia. […] DLB is progressive, and shortens lifespan. It progresses gradually over the course of years. Average survival from onset is 5-8 years. Rate of cognitive decline appears to be faster than for those with Alzheimer’s disease.
#54 Lewy Body Dementia – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482441/
LBD is an under-diagnosed condition as it is poorly understood, and its clinical features overlap with other more common disorders, like Parkinson disease and Alzheimer disease. Studies have shown, however, that it accounts for up to 20% to 30% of all dementia cases. It is more common in men, and the incidence increases with age. It is prevalent in Asian, African, and European races. A family history of LBD and Parkinson disease increases a patient’s risk. […] The prognosis of LBD is fair to poor. Patients die from multiple complications like falls, immobility, cardiac complications, medication side effects, pneumonia, swallowing problems, and depression leading to suicide. The average life expectancy is only 5 to 8 years after the initial diagnosis. This also can be due to a lack of knowledge regarding LBD among physicians and the population and difficulty in differentiating it from other similar conditions, which leads to a delay in diagnosis, which delays the onset of specific therapy. Health professionals need to improve awareness regarding LBD and develop investigative methods to ensure its early diagnosis.
#55 Parkinsonâs disease dementia and dementia with lewy bodies differences and similarities
https://www.neuroscigroup.us/articles/OJPDT-6-113.php
The second most common neurodegenerative disease causing dementia in the population over 65 years is Parkinsons Disease Dementia (PDD), sharing many clinical, genetic, pathophysiological, imaging, and morphological features with Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB). […] Mortality rates for PDD and DLB do not differ according to a study from Sweden published in 2018 (Larsson et al.) and are approximately three times higher than in the general population. […] According to the literature prevalence numbers differ; up to 80% of patients with diagnosed PD will develop dementia. […] The incidence of dementia is approximately threefold higher than in the normal population. […] Age and PD duration are the leading risk factors for PDD. […] The genetics of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), PDD, PD, and AD is overlapping. […] The average age of disease onset is over 70 years. […] The incidence is approximately 1 of 25 or 20% – 30% of new dementia diagnoses in the general population. […] The data regarding the epidemiology of DLB worldwide are limited.
#56 About LBD – Lewy Body Dementia Association
https://www.lbda.org/about-lbd/
The most common features of DLB are progressive cognitive impairment leading eventually to full-blown dementia, parkinsonian motor symptoms (tremor, slowed mobility, stiffness of muscles, stooped posture, shuffling gait), visual hallucinations, and fluctuations in levels of alertness and cognitive acuity. […] The cause of LBD is unknown. […] Older age is the greatest risk factor for LBD, with most diagnoses being made in individuals over the age of 50. […] Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD), a condition characterized by dream enactment, is a common risk factor for DLB, PD and other synucleinopathies, often occurring many years before the onset of parkinsonism or cognitive impairment. […] In 2013, the National Institutes of Health organized a summit that resulted in the first national research strategy for LBD. Updated in 2016, research priorities for LBD include: Developing new drugs for clinical trials, Establishing longitudinal studies culminating in autopsy studies to improve diagnosis of DLB, Determining which individuals with PD have a high risk of progressing to dementia, Developing a better understanding of the disease mechanisms through brain mapping and genetics, Identifying validated biological and imaging biomarkers to detect disease presence, measure progression and advance the development of safe and effective symptomatic and disease modifying therapies.
#57 About LBD – Lewy Body Dementia Association
https://www.lbda.org/about-lbd/
The most common features of DLB are progressive cognitive impairment leading eventually to full-blown dementia, parkinsonian motor symptoms (tremor, slowed mobility, stiffness of muscles, stooped posture, shuffling gait), visual hallucinations, and fluctuations in levels of alertness and cognitive acuity. […] The cause of LBD is unknown. […] Older age is the greatest risk factor for LBD, with most diagnoses being made in individuals over the age of 50. […] Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD), a condition characterized by dream enactment, is a common risk factor for DLB, PD and other synucleinopathies, often occurring many years before the onset of parkinsonism or cognitive impairment. […] In 2013, the National Institutes of Health organized a summit that resulted in the first national research strategy for LBD. Updated in 2016, research priorities for LBD include: Developing new drugs for clinical trials, Establishing longitudinal studies culminating in autopsy studies to improve diagnosis of DLB, Determining which individuals with PD have a high risk of progressing to dementia, Developing a better understanding of the disease mechanisms through brain mapping and genetics, Identifying validated biological and imaging biomarkers to detect disease presence, measure progression and advance the development of safe and effective symptomatic and disease modifying therapies.
#58 Lewy Body Dementia
https://practicalneurology.com/diseases-diagnoses/alzheimer-disease-dementias/lewy-body-dementia-1/31536/
Although there are no biomarkers specific for LBD, revisions to diagnostic criteria recognize the move to incorporate biomarkers to increase specificity of clinical diagnoses. The most common biomarker used in dementia clinical and research evaluations is MRI. Cortical atrophy is common to many neurodegenerative diseases, however the relative preservation of medial temporal lobe structures in DLB may help distinguish it from AD. […] Public awareness campaigns, such as those led by the Lewy Body Dementia Association that specifically address LBD may aid in generating increased awareness, foster new research collaborations, and the development of new therapies to benefit people with LBD and their families.
#59 Dementia with Lewy Bodies: An Emerging Disease | AAFP
https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2006/0401/p1223.html
Dementia with Lewy bodies appears to be the second most common form of dementia, accounting for about one in five cases. […] Dementia with Lewy bodies is the second most common histopathology found in dementia, exceeded only by Alzheimers disease. […] At least 5 percent of noninstitutionalized adults 85 years and older are believed to have dementia with Lewy bodies, and the disease represents approximately 22 percent of all patients with dementia. […] The number of cases is expected to increase as the population ages and as dementia with Lewy bodies is increasingly recognized in the differential diagnosis of dementia. […] To date, no specific risk factors for dementia with Lewy bodies have been identified.
#60 About LBD – Lewy Body Dementia Association
https://www.lbda.org/about-lbd/
The most common features of DLB are progressive cognitive impairment leading eventually to full-blown dementia, parkinsonian motor symptoms (tremor, slowed mobility, stiffness of muscles, stooped posture, shuffling gait), visual hallucinations, and fluctuations in levels of alertness and cognitive acuity. […] The cause of LBD is unknown. […] Older age is the greatest risk factor for LBD, with most diagnoses being made in individuals over the age of 50. […] Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD), a condition characterized by dream enactment, is a common risk factor for DLB, PD and other synucleinopathies, often occurring many years before the onset of parkinsonism or cognitive impairment. […] In 2013, the National Institutes of Health organized a summit that resulted in the first national research strategy for LBD. Updated in 2016, research priorities for LBD include: Developing new drugs for clinical trials, Establishing longitudinal studies culminating in autopsy studies to improve diagnosis of DLB, Determining which individuals with PD have a high risk of progressing to dementia, Developing a better understanding of the disease mechanisms through brain mapping and genetics, Identifying validated biological and imaging biomarkers to detect disease presence, measure progression and advance the development of safe and effective symptomatic and disease modifying therapies.
#61 About LBD – Lewy Body Dementia Association
https://www.lbda.org/about-lbd/
The most common features of DLB are progressive cognitive impairment leading eventually to full-blown dementia, parkinsonian motor symptoms (tremor, slowed mobility, stiffness of muscles, stooped posture, shuffling gait), visual hallucinations, and fluctuations in levels of alertness and cognitive acuity. […] The cause of LBD is unknown. […] Older age is the greatest risk factor for LBD, with most diagnoses being made in individuals over the age of 50. […] Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD), a condition characterized by dream enactment, is a common risk factor for DLB, PD and other synucleinopathies, often occurring many years before the onset of parkinsonism or cognitive impairment. […] In 2013, the National Institutes of Health organized a summit that resulted in the first national research strategy for LBD. Updated in 2016, research priorities for LBD include: Developing new drugs for clinical trials, Establishing longitudinal studies culminating in autopsy studies to improve diagnosis of DLB, Determining which individuals with PD have a high risk of progressing to dementia, Developing a better understanding of the disease mechanisms through brain mapping and genetics, Identifying validated biological and imaging biomarkers to detect disease presence, measure progression and advance the development of safe and effective symptomatic and disease modifying therapies.
#62 Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB) – PsychDB
https://www.psychdb.com/geri/dementia/lewy-body
Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB), is a neurodegenerative disorder associated with abnormal deposits of alpha-synuclein in the brain. DLB is one of the most common causes of dementia. […] DLB is estimated to account for around 4.2% of all diagnosed dementias in the community. However, the true prevalence is likely to be much higher because DLB diagnoses are often missed. […] Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB) has a very quick progression relative to other dementias such as Alzheimer’s, with an average survival time of 3 to 5 years. […] The presence of REM sleep behaviour disorder is a major risk factor for DLB. […] The presence REM sleep behaviour disorder is a highly specific predictor of Lewy-related pathology, and is suggestive of a 90% likelihood of a synucleinopathy.
#63 Men are at greater risk for Lewy body dementia than women, but why? New study seeks answers – Lewy Body Dementia Association
https://www.lbda.org/men-are-at-greater-risk-for-lewy-body-dementia-than-women-but-why-new-study-seeks-answers/
Research suggests men have a higher risk for developing Lewy body dementia (LBD) than women. […] Men are more likely than women to have the widespread Lewy body pathology; and even when women do have widespread Lewy body pathology, they continue to be less likely than men to experience LBD. […] There are also differences in the ways that men and women experience LBD. […] Some genetic risk factors can be more common in men, such as changes in the gene GBA. […] In addition, some genetic factors may increase the risk for LBD more in men than they do in women. […] While many risk factors for LBD have been identified, we are still seeking to understand how they interact with a person’s sex. […] The results of this study will help us and other researchers learn more about risk factors and predictors of LBD, critical steps on the path to effective treatments and prevention strategies.
#64 Men are at greater risk for Lewy body dementia than women, but why? New study seeks answers – Lewy Body Dementia Association
https://www.lbda.org/men-are-at-greater-risk-for-lewy-body-dementia-than-women-but-why-new-study-seeks-answers/
Research suggests men have a higher risk for developing Lewy body dementia (LBD) than women. […] Men are more likely than women to have the widespread Lewy body pathology; and even when women do have widespread Lewy body pathology, they continue to be less likely than men to experience LBD. […] There are also differences in the ways that men and women experience LBD. […] Some genetic risk factors can be more common in men, such as changes in the gene GBA. […] In addition, some genetic factors may increase the risk for LBD more in men than they do in women. […] While many risk factors for LBD have been identified, we are still seeking to understand how they interact with a person’s sex. […] The results of this study will help us and other researchers learn more about risk factors and predictors of LBD, critical steps on the path to effective treatments and prevention strategies.
#65 Men are at greater risk for Lewy body dementia than women, but why? New study seeks answers – Lewy Body Dementia Association
https://www.lbda.org/men-are-at-greater-risk-for-lewy-body-dementia-than-women-but-why-new-study-seeks-answers/
Research suggests men have a higher risk for developing Lewy body dementia (LBD) than women. […] Men are more likely than women to have the widespread Lewy body pathology; and even when women do have widespread Lewy body pathology, they continue to be less likely than men to experience LBD. […] There are also differences in the ways that men and women experience LBD. […] Some genetic risk factors can be more common in men, such as changes in the gene GBA. […] In addition, some genetic factors may increase the risk for LBD more in men than they do in women. […] While many risk factors for LBD have been identified, we are still seeking to understand how they interact with a person’s sex. […] The results of this study will help us and other researchers learn more about risk factors and predictors of LBD, critical steps on the path to effective treatments and prevention strategies.
#66 Men are at greater risk for Lewy body dementia than women, but why? New study seeks answers – Lewy Body Dementia Association
https://www.lbda.org/men-are-at-greater-risk-for-lewy-body-dementia-than-women-but-why-new-study-seeks-answers/
Research suggests men have a higher risk for developing Lewy body dementia (LBD) than women. […] Men are more likely than women to have the widespread Lewy body pathology; and even when women do have widespread Lewy body pathology, they continue to be less likely than men to experience LBD. […] There are also differences in the ways that men and women experience LBD. […] Some genetic risk factors can be more common in men, such as changes in the gene GBA. […] In addition, some genetic factors may increase the risk for LBD more in men than they do in women. […] While many risk factors for LBD have been identified, we are still seeking to understand how they interact with a person’s sex. […] The results of this study will help us and other researchers learn more about risk factors and predictors of LBD, critical steps on the path to effective treatments and prevention strategies.
#67 Dementia with Lewy bodies: an update and outlook | Molecular Neurodegeneration | Full Text
https://molecularneurodegeneration.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13024-019-0306-8
Another important issue to consider is the relationship between the diagnosis of DLB and that of dementia occurring in a patient with a pre-existing clinical diagnosis of PD, usually referred to as PDD. […] The mean age of onset of PDD and DLB is similar at 70 years whereas PD onset is typically earlier with a mean of 60 years. […] The diagnostic criteria of DLB identify indicative and supportive biomarkers based upon their diagnostic specificity and the volume of good quality evidence available. […] The presence of an indicative biomarker in combination with a single core clinical feature is sufficient for a diagnosis of probable DLB. […] DLB is associated with less severe medial temporal lobe atrophy on structural imaging when compared to AD. […] The strongest and most replicated genetic risk factors for DLB are unequivocally APOE 4 allele and Glucocerebrosidase (GBA). […] DLB appears to be genetically heterogeneous, with a rare contribution of pathogenic causative mutations and relatively common risk factors, which may explain why DLB is a relatively common disorder, but with a reduced aggregation in families.
#68 Dementia with Lewy bodies: an update and outlook | Molecular Neurodegeneration | Full Text
https://molecularneurodegeneration.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13024-019-0306-8
Another important issue to consider is the relationship between the diagnosis of DLB and that of dementia occurring in a patient with a pre-existing clinical diagnosis of PD, usually referred to as PDD. […] The mean age of onset of PDD and DLB is similar at 70 years whereas PD onset is typically earlier with a mean of 60 years. […] The diagnostic criteria of DLB identify indicative and supportive biomarkers based upon their diagnostic specificity and the volume of good quality evidence available. […] The presence of an indicative biomarker in combination with a single core clinical feature is sufficient for a diagnosis of probable DLB. […] DLB is associated with less severe medial temporal lobe atrophy on structural imaging when compared to AD. […] The strongest and most replicated genetic risk factors for DLB are unequivocally APOE 4 allele and Glucocerebrosidase (GBA). […] DLB appears to be genetically heterogeneous, with a rare contribution of pathogenic causative mutations and relatively common risk factors, which may explain why DLB is a relatively common disorder, but with a reduced aggregation in families.
#69 Lewy Body Dementia – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482441/
LBD is an under-diagnosed condition as it is poorly understood, and its clinical features overlap with other more common disorders, like Parkinson disease and Alzheimer disease. Studies have shown, however, that it accounts for up to 20% to 30% of all dementia cases. It is more common in men, and the incidence increases with age. It is prevalent in Asian, African, and European races. A family history of LBD and Parkinson disease increases a patient’s risk. […] The prognosis of LBD is fair to poor. Patients die from multiple complications like falls, immobility, cardiac complications, medication side effects, pneumonia, swallowing problems, and depression leading to suicide. The average life expectancy is only 5 to 8 years after the initial diagnosis. This also can be due to a lack of knowledge regarding LBD among physicians and the population and difficulty in differentiating it from other similar conditions, which leads to a delay in diagnosis, which delays the onset of specific therapy. Health professionals need to improve awareness regarding LBD and develop investigative methods to ensure its early diagnosis.
#70 Parkinsonâs disease dementia and dementia with lewy bodies differences and similarities
https://www.neuroscigroup.us/articles/OJPDT-6-113.php
The second most common neurodegenerative disease causing dementia in the population over 65 years is Parkinsons Disease Dementia (PDD), sharing many clinical, genetic, pathophysiological, imaging, and morphological features with Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB). […] Mortality rates for PDD and DLB do not differ according to a study from Sweden published in 2018 (Larsson et al.) and are approximately three times higher than in the general population. […] According to the literature prevalence numbers differ; up to 80% of patients with diagnosed PD will develop dementia. […] The incidence of dementia is approximately threefold higher than in the normal population. […] Age and PD duration are the leading risk factors for PDD. […] The genetics of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), PDD, PD, and AD is overlapping. […] The average age of disease onset is over 70 years. […] The incidence is approximately 1 of 25 or 20% – 30% of new dementia diagnoses in the general population. […] The data regarding the epidemiology of DLB worldwide are limited.