Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Female infertility – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/female-infertility/symptoms-causes/syc-20354308

  The main symptom of infertility is the inability to get pregnant. A menstrual cycle that’s too long (35 days or more), too short (less than 21 days), irregular or absent can mean that you’re not ovulating. There might be no other signs or symptoms. […] Ovulating infrequently or not at all accounts for most cases of infertility. Problems with the regulation of reproductive hormones by the hypothalamus or the pituitary gland or problems in the ovary can cause ovulation disorders. […] Endometriosis can also disrupt implantation of the fertilized egg. The condition also seems to affect fertility in less-direct ways, such as damage to the sperm or egg. […] In some cases, the cause of infertility is never found. A combination of several minor factors in both partners could cause unexplained fertility problems. Although it’s frustrating to get no specific answer, this problem can correct itself with time. But you shouldn’t delay treatment for infertility.

• #1 What are the Symptoms & Signs of Female Infertility | Indira IVF

  https://www.indiraivf.com/female-infertility/symptoms-of-female-infertility

  Infertility is a condition that limits one’s chances of becoming pregnant and giving birth to a child. This is often identified in couples after a year of attempting to conceive, though it may be diagnosed earlier depending on factors contributing to infertility. […] Female infertility, often known as „female factor” infertility, is when the female partner has infertility issues. […] Some of the common symptoms of infertility in women are – Irregular periods account for 30 percent to 40 percent of all infertility cases. […] A woman may experience irregular periods if her cycle fluctuates so greatly that she is unable to predict when her period will arrive. […] Irregular periods can also be a sign of PCOS (Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome), which can be the cause of infertility. […] Continuous missing periods might be a matter of concern. Thus you must seek medical attention and get your fertility checked.

• #1 Infertility Symptoms in Men and Women

  https://www.webmd.com/infertility-and-reproduction/understanding-infertility-symptoms

  The main symptom of infertility is not getting pregnant. You may not have or notice any other symptoms. […] In women, changes in the menstrual cycle and ovulation may be a symptom of a disease related to infertility. Symptoms include: Abnormal periods. Bleeding is heavier or lighter than usual. Irregular periods. The number of days in between each period varies each month. No periods. You have never had a period, or periods suddenly stop. Painful periods. Back pain, pelvic pain, and cramping may happen. […] Sometimes, female infertility is related to a hormone problem. In this case, symptoms can also include: Skin changes, including more acne, Changes in sex drive and desire, Dark hair growth on the lips, chest, and chin, Loss of hair or thinning hair, Weight gain. […] Other symptoms of disorders that may lead to infertility include: Milky white discharge from nipples unrelated to breastfeeding, Pain during sex. […] Many other things can be related to infertility in women, and their symptoms vary. […] In women, fertility drops with age, especially after age 35. Getting pregnant after age 45 is rare.

• #1 What are the Symptoms & Signs of Female Infertility | Indira IVF

  https://www.indiraivf.com/female-infertility/symptoms-of-female-infertility

  Heavy or painful periods can be a red alert for you. This might be a sign of endometriosis, and it is a huge symptom of infertility. […] It might be related to hormonal issues, endometriosis, or other underlying conditions, which could lead to female infertility. […] If left untreated, infections like chlamydia, gonorrhoea, and mycoplasma can eventually lead to infertility. […] Darker blood during the initial days of menstruation can be a sign of endometriosis. […] The primary signs of female infertility are not getting pregnant or being unable to conceive even after trying for a certain period. You must see a doctor after trying for at least one year. […] Female factors in infertility are typically responsible 40 percent of the time.

• #1 Infertility: Common signs in men and women

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/323401

  In women, signs of infertility may include: […] Pain during sex, or dyspareunia, can be a sign of an underlying health problem that may influence a woman’s fertility. […] Heavy periods may indicate an underlying condition affecting fertility. […] Women who experience very heavy, painful periods may be showing signs of endometriosis, a condition where tissues usually found in the womb are present elsewhere in the body. […] Endometriosis is a risk factor for infertility. […] If menstrual blood is regularly paler than usual, this may be a cause for concern. […] Having an irregular cycle, including missing periods, can contribute to infertility, as it means a woman may not be regularly ovulating. […] Irregular ovulation can be due to many issues, including polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), obesity, being underweight, and thyroid issues.

• #1 Infertility: Types, Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/16083-infertility

  The main sign of infertility is being unable to get pregnant after six months or one year of regular, unprotected sex. […] Ovulation disorders are the most common cause of infertility in women. […] These factors can contribute to female infertility: Endometriosis. […] Approximately 9 out of 10 couples get pregnant after undergoing fertility treatments. […] In 85% to 90% of cases, lifestyle modification, medication, ART or surgery can treat infertility and allow a woman to conceive.

• #1 Signs of Infertility in Women | Female Infertility Symptoms

  https://acimc.org/symptoms-of-infertility-in-female/

  Infertility is a medical condition where the inability to conceive after engaging in unprotected sexual intercourse for six months to one year, depending on your age. […] The main symptom of infertility in women is not getting pregnant, but you may or may not experience other symptoms depending on underlying health issues. […] In women, changes in the menstrual cycle and ovulation can be a symptom of a disease related to infertility. […] Symptoms include: Abnormal periods: Bleeding is heavier or lighter than usual. […] Irregular periods: The number of days between each period varies monthly. […] Never experienced menstruation or your periods have suddenly stopped. […] Back pain, pelvic pain, and cramping during menstrual periods. […] Sometimes, infertility is caused by hormonal imbalances. In such cases, the following symptoms may occur: Changes in the skin may lead to acne […] Changes in sexual behaviour and desire […] Growth of dark hair on the chin, near lips, and breast […] Hair loss or thin hair […] Weight gain.

• #1 What Are the Symptoms of Female Infertility? | Nova IVF Fertility

  https://www.novaivffertility.com/fertility-help/what-are-symptoms-female-infertility

  Hormone imbalances are often the cause of infertility. Symptoms of hormone imbalances include: Acne and skin trouble, The growth of facial hair, Thinning hair on the scalp, Unexplained weight gain or weight loss, Reduced sex drive. […] Pain during sex may be caused by underlying conditions such as: Endometriosis, Fibroids, Sexually transmitted diseases, Pelvic inflammatory disease, Problems with the cervix and uterus. These conditions can increase the risk of infertility.

• #1

  https://www.garbhagudi.com/blogs/recognizing-the-signs-of-female-infertility

  Infertility in women can often be subtle, and many women may not experience obvious symptoms. However, there are several signs that could indicate a potential fertility issue. Common symptoms of infertility include: […] The most direct symptom of infertility is the inability to conceive after trying for at least 12 months (or six months for women over 35). If conception hasn’t occurred during this time, it may indicate underlying fertility issues. […] Painful periods, also known as dysmenorrhea, can sometimes be a sign of underlying conditions that affect fertility. While occasional menstrual cramps are common and usually not a cause for concern, severe or chronic pain during menstruation can indicate reproductive health issues that may impact a woman’s ability to conceive. […] Persistent or severe pelvic pain is often a symptom of underlying reproductive health issues that can interfere with a woman’s ability to conceive. Some of the conditions that can cause both pelvic pain and infertility include:

• #1 Female infertility symptoms: Causes and more

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/female-infertility-symptoms

  Females experiencing fertility challenges may have a range of symptoms stemming from the underlying cause. Several common symptoms include irregular menstrual cycles, painful menstrual cramps, or pain during sex. […] Irregular menstrual cycles can be a common symptom among females having trouble getting pregnant. […] These disruptions can indicate ovulation problems such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or primary ovarian insufficiency (POI), which affect a females ability to conceive. […] Abnormal hair growth on the face or other body parts where males typically grow hair is related to hormonal imbalances that may affect fertility. […] Weight fluctuations may affect a females fertility. […] Pain is a common symptom related to various reasons for infertility. Possible pain symptoms can include painful period cramps, pain during intercourse, and chronic pelvic pain.

• #1 Female Infertility: How to Spot the Signs and What to Do Next

  https://flo.health/getting-pregnant/trying-to-conceive/fertility/female-infertility-how-to-spot-the-signs

  Heavy and/or painful periods: Periods that hamper your daily activity may be a symptom of fibroids in the uterus or endometriosis. In fact, endometriosis accounts for roughly 20 to 40 percent of womens infertility issues. […] Pain during sex: Painful sex for women is so normalized that many think its just a part of life. But it may actually point to an underlying condition, such as endometriosis or pelvic inflammatory disease. […] Symptoms of hormonal imbalance: Sudden weight gain, hair loss, constant fatigue, edema, headaches, nipple discharge, facial hair, or severe acne are all signs of possible hormonal disorders. These conditions, in which the bodys hormones are imbalanced, make conceiving more difficult. […] Vaginal soreness and/or itchiness: Soreness or itchiness, especially in combination with discharge, could mean a vaginal infection. If left untreated, infections like chlamydia, gonorrhea, and mycoplasma can eventually lead to infertility. […] If you experience any symptoms of infertility, seek advice from a doctor who can diagnose the problem and offer the best treatment for you.

• #1 Female infertility symptoms: Causes and more

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/female-infertility-symptoms

  Having digestive problems along with fertility issues may be a sign of an underlying health condition affecting reproductive health, such as endometriosis. […] Having strong-smelling vaginal discharge can be a sign of an infection of the vagina, which may affect fertility. […] Female infertility can stem from a variety of causes, sometimes with complex interactions between hormones, health conditions, and the structure of the reproductive organs. […] Women experiencing infertility problems may have symptoms related to the underlying condition causing the infertility. […] Some common symptoms include irregular menstrual cycles, frequent pain, abnormal hair growth, and weight fluctuations.

• #1 Infertility – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/infertility/symptoms-causes/syc-20354317

  The main symptom of infertility is not getting pregnant. There may be no other clear symptoms. Some women with infertility may have irregular menstrual periods or no periods. […] Infertility causes can affect one or both partners. In some cases, no cause can be found. […] Ovulation disorders. These conditions affect the release of eggs from the ovaries. They include hormonal problems such as polycystic ovary syndrome. High levels of a hormone needed to make breast milk, called prolactin, also may have an effect on ovulation. Either too much thyroid hormone, called hyperthyroidism, or too little, called hypothyroidism, can affect the menstrual cycle or cause infertility. Other underlying causes may include too much exercise, eating disorders or tumors. […] Conditions of the uterus. These include growths called uterine polyps, issues with the shape of the uterus or problems with its lower end, called the cervix. Tumors in the wall of the uterus, called uterine fibroids, also may cause infertility but they aren’t cancer. Fibroids can block the fallopian tubes, where an egg and sperm unite. They also can stop a fertilized egg from attaching to the uterus, which needs to happen for an unborn baby to develop.

• #1 Infertility: Frequently Asked Questions | Reproductive Health | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/reproductive-health/infertility-faq/index.html

  Couples in which the woman is older than 40 should consider seeking more immediate evaluation and treatment. […] Couples with the following signs or symptoms should not delay seeing their health care provider when they are trying to become pregnant: For women: Irregular periods or no menstrual periods. […] A history of more than one miscarriage. […] Genetic or acquired conditions that can diminish ovarian reserve.

• #1 Female infertility – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Female_infertility

  Female infertility refers to infertility in women. It affects an estimated 48 million women, with the highest prevalence of infertility affecting women in South Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa, North Africa/Middle East, and Central/Eastern Europe and Central Asia. Infertility is caused by many sources, including nutrition, diseases, and other malformations of the uterus. […] A woman’s fertility is affected by her age. A woman’s fertility peaks in the early and mid 20s, after which it starts to decline, with this decline being accelerated after age 35. […] Tobacco smoking is harmful to the ovaries, and the degree of damage is dependent upon the amount and length of time a woman smokes or is exposed to a smoke-filled environment. […] Sexually transmitted infections are a leading cause of infertility. They often display few, if any visible symptoms, with the risk of failing to seek proper treatment in time to prevent decreased fertility.

• #1 Infertility: Frequently Asked Questions | Reproductive Health | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/reproductive-health/infertility-faq/index.html

  Some conditions that may cause issues related to ovarian function include the following: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common cause of infertility. PCOS is a condition that causes women to not ovulate, or to ovulate irregularly. […] Diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) is a condition where there are fewer eggs remaining in the ovaries than expected at a specific age. […] Primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) is sometimes referred to as premature menopause. It occurs when a woman’s ovaries fail before age 40. […] Female fertility is known to decline with: Age. Fertility declines with age primarily because egg quality declines over time. Older women also have fewer eggs left, and they are more likely to have health conditions that can cause fertility problems. […] Couples with no apparent health or fertility problems, in which the woman is 35 years or older and has regular menstrual cycles, should see a health care provider after 6 months of trying to conceive naturally without success.

• #1 Female Infertility – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK556033/

  Infertility is a medical condition that can cause psychological, physical, mental, spiritual, and medical detriments to the patient. […] Although male infertility is an important part of any infertility discussion, this topic reviews the evaluation, management, and treatment of female infertility. […] The most common identifiable factors of female infertility are as follows: Ovulatory disorders: 25%, Endometriosis: 15%, Pelvic adhesions: 12%, Tubal blockage: 11%, Other tubal/uterine abnormalities: 11%, Hyperprolactinemia: 7%. […] In women aged 15 to 34 years, infertility rates ranged from 7.3% to 9.1%. In women ages 35 to 39 years old, the infertility rates increased to 25%. Lastly, women from ages 40 to 44 years had a 30% chance of infertility. […] Ovulatory disorders make up 25% of the known causes of female infertility.

• #1 Female Infertility: How to Spot the Signs and What to Do Next

  https://flo.health/getting-pregnant/trying-to-conceive/fertility/female-infertility-how-to-spot-the-signs

  If youre having trouble getting pregnant, youre not alone. Around 12 to 13 percent of couples in the U.S. experience infertility issues. That number jumps to 17 percent worldwide. While it may be difficult to detect infertility symptoms outright, here are some signs that may point to fertility issues: […] Irregular periods: The average womans cycle is about 28 days long. However, if the cycle lasts from 21 to 35 days, its still considered normal, as long it is consistent. With irregular periods, the cycle is so unpredictable that its impossible to know when the next one will come. This is caused by hormonal issues like thyroid hypo- or hyperfunction, hyperprolactinemia, or polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) all of which can lead to infertility. […] Absence of periods: Temporary life stress or overexercising may cause you to occasionally skip a period. However, if you havent had your period in months, it might be a good idea to seek medical advice.

• #1 How to Know if You’re Infertile: Signs, Causes, and Prevention – Jacksonville Center For Reproductive Medicine

  https://jcrm.org/how-to-know-if-youre-infertile-signs-causes-and-prevention/

  Amenorrhea: Absence of menstruation, either lifelong or sudden cessation. […] Dysmenorrhea: Painful periods accompanied by back pain, pelvic discomfort, and cramping. […] Additionally, hormone imbalances can contribute to female infertility, manifesting in symptoms such as: […] Skin changes: Increased acne or other dermatological alterations. […] Altered sex drive: Changes in libido and sexual desire. […] Hirsutism: Excessive dark hair growth on the lips, chest, or chin. […] Alopecia: Thinning hair or significant hair loss. […] Weight fluctuations: Unexplained weight gain. […] The symptoms of female infertility can vary widely, necessitating careful evaluation and diagnosis. […] Common causes of infertility in women include: […] Anovulation is characterized by the failure to release eggs from the ovaries.

• #1 Infertility

  https://womenshealth.gov/a-z-topics/infertility

  Most cases of female infertility are caused by problems with ovulation. Without ovulation, there are no eggs to be fertilized. Some signs that a woman is not ovulating normally include irregular or absent menstrual periods. […] Ovulation problems are often caused by polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). PCOS is a hormone imbalance problem which can interfere with normal ovulation. PCOS is the most common cause of female infertility. Primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) is another cause of ovulation problems. POI occurs when a woman’s ovaries stop working normally before she is 40. POI is not the same as early menopause. […] Many things can change a woman’s ability to have a baby. These include: Age, Smoking, Excess alcohol use, Stress, Poor diet, Athletic training, Being overweight or underweight, Sexually transmitted infections (STIs), Health problems that cause hormonal changes, such as polycystic ovarian syndrome and primary ovarian insufficiency.

• #1 Female Infertility – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK556033/

  Endometriosis is defined as endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity. […] Of women with endometriosis, 40% to 50% experience infertility. […] Pelvic and tubal adhesions, along with uterine and tubal abnormalities, account for a large portion of female infertility. […] Uterine causes of infertility are associated with either space-occupying lesions or reduced endometrial receptivity. […] Infertility evaluation is indicated in women with unsuccessful pregnancies after 12 months of unprotected regular intercourse or 6 months if they are over 35 years old. […] The first-line medication for infertility of unknown origin and the medication most providers use is clomiphene citrate (CC). […] The first-line treatment for bilateral tubal factor infertility is in vitro fertilization (IVF).

• #1 Infertility – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/infertility/symptoms-causes/syc-20354317

  Fallopian tube damage or blockage. Often, these issues are caused by swelling of the fallopian tube, called salpingitis. The swelling can happen due to an infection of the female reproductive organs called pelvic inflammatory disease. […] Endometriosis. With this condition, tissue that’s similar to the inner lining of the uterus grows outside of the uterus. It may affect the how well the ovaries, uterus and fallopian tubes work. […] Primary ovarian insufficiency. This happens when the ovaries stop working as they should, and menstrual periods end before age 40. The cause is often unknown. But some factors linked with primary ovarian insufficiency include immune system diseases, genetic conditions such as Turner syndrome, and radiation or chemotherapy treatment. […] Cancer and its treatment. Certain cancers especially ones that affect the reproductive organs often reduce female fertility. Both radiation and chemotherapy may affect fertility as well.

• #1 Infertility in women | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/infertility-in-women

  Endometriosis is a condition in which cells from the lining of the uterus migrate to other parts of the pelvis. It can damage the fallopian tubes and the ovaries and affect the movement of the egg and sperm. […] Even if the fallopian tubes and ovaries are not damaged, endometriosis can affect fertilisation, embryo growth and implantation. […] Treatment options for female infertility depend on the cause, but may include surgery, ovulation induction (using hormone treatment), assisted reproductive technologies (ART) including in-vitro fertilisation (IVF). […] Irregular or absent periods usually means that ovulation is also irregular or absent. […] Assisted reproductive technologies (ART) is the term used for procedures that involve retrieval of eggs from the ovaries and handling of eggs and sperm in a laboratory. […] Despite the sophistication of ART, they don’t guarantee pregnancy. Success depends on a range of factors, including the reasons for the woman’s infertility, her age and the type of technology used.

• #1 Female Infertility: Causes Symptoms & Treatment – Surya Hospital

  https://suryahospitals.com/blog/female-infertility

  The most prevalent signs are irregular or absent periods. […] Endometriosis happens when tissue that normally grows in the uterus implants and grows outside of it. This excess tissue growth and its surgical removal can produce scarring, which can block fallopian tubes and prevent an egg and sperm from fusion. […] Endometriosis can also prevent fertilized eggs from implanting correctly. The condition also appears to have an indirect effect on fertility, such as causing damage to sperm or eggs. […] Several uterine or cervical conditions can interfere with egg implantation or increase the chances of miscarriage: Benign polyps and tumors (fibroids or myomas) are common in the uterus. Some can obstruct the fallopian tubes or interfere with implantation, affecting fertility. […] Problems with the uterus that exist at birth, such as an abnormally shaped uterus, might make it difficult to get or remain pregnant.

• #1 Female infertility – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Female_infertility

  Twelve percent of all infertility cases are a result of a woman either being underweight or overweight. […] Female infertility by chemotherapy appears to be secondary to premature ovarian failure by loss of primordial follicles. […] A major cause of female infertility is premature ovarian insufficiency. This insufficiency is a heterogeneous disease that affects about 1% of women who are under the age of 40.

• #1 8 Symptoms Commonly Associated with Infertility | Fertility Centers of Illinois

  https://www.fcionline.com/article/8-common-infertility-symptoms/

  Irregular monthly cycles may indicate issues. […] These symptoms are associated with thyroid imbalance, polycystic ovarian syndrome, ovulatory disorders and endometriosis. […] Painful or heavy monthly cycles are commonly experienced with polycystic ovarian syndrome, ovulatory disorders, uterine fibroids and endometriosis. […] Hot flashes and night sweats can point to early menopause, a low egg count, diminished ovarian reserve or premature ovarian failure. […] Difficulty losing weight or excess weight may be a symptom of polycystic ovarian syndrome. […] Pain during sex should prompt a medical professional consultation to uncover the cause. […] A drop in sex drive may be a symptom of a larger issue. […] In women, a decline in egg supply, diminished egg quality, diminished ovarian reserve, and blockage in the fallopian tubes does not exhibit any symptoms. […] In men, sperm issues involving count, shape, movement and concentration also do not involve any signs.

• #1 Female Infertility: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17774-female-infertility

  The outlook for female infertility depends greatly on the individual and the underlying cause of infertility. The outcome is very positive when the cause of infertility is due to ovulatory disorders or structural abnormalities where treatment is possible. Some reproductive conditions, like uterine factor infertility, are harder to treat. […] If you have regular intercourse and predictable menstrual cycles, you should see your healthcare provider after 12 months of trying to conceive, or six months if you’re over the age of 35.

• #1 Infertility in Women | Conditions | UCSF Health

  https://www.ucsfhealth.org/conditions/infertility-in-women

  Treating specific illnesses such as endometriosis may or may not treat the fertility problem. […] The most common ART is in vitro fertilization, or IVF, but new procedures can enhance the IVF process or address other infertility conditions. […] Intra-uterine insemination (IUI), also known as artificial insemination, is the process of preparing and delivering sperm so that a highly concentrated amount of active motile sperm is placed directly through the cervix into the uterus. […] Ovulation induction uses hormonal therapy to stimulate egg development and release, or ovulation, the goal being to produce a single, healthy egg.

• #1 Female Infertility: Causes Symptoms & Treatment – Surya Hospital

  https://suryahospitals.com/blog/female-infertility

  Sometimes, the cause of infertility is never identified. A combination of minor issues in both partners may result in unexplained fertility issues. […] The quality and quantity of a woman’s eggs drop with age. In the mid-30s, the rate of follicle loss accelerates, resulting in fewer and lower-quality eggs. This makes conception more difficult and increases the chances of miscarriage. […] Smoking not only damages your cervix and fallopian tubes, but it also raises your chances of miscarriage and ectopic pregnancy symptoms. […] Obesity or being greatly underweight can interfere with ovulation. Reaching a healthy body mass index (BMI) can improve the frequency of ovulation and the likelihood of getting pregnant. […] Infertility can be treated with medication, surgery, intrauterine insemination, or assisted reproductive technology. Often, medicine and intrauterine insemination are used together.

• #1 Female Infertility – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK556033/

  The risk of multiples has been a problem for artificial reproductive technologies since the practice’s inception. […] Ectopic pregnancy following treatment of infertile patients is another risk that requires extensive counseling. […] Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is an iatrogenic complication of controlled ovarian hyperstimulation that results in a broad range of signs and symptoms. […] Women should see their providers for a referral to an infertility subspecialist if they are unable to achieve pregnancy after 1 year of unprotected timed intercourse or if she is older than 35 years of age, 6 months of unprotected timed intercourse.

• #2 Female Infertility: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17774-female-infertility

  Infertility is a common disease. At least 10% of females deal with infertility of some kind. The chances of infertility increase with age. […] The most common sign of infertility is being unable to get pregnant despite having regular, unprotected sex. Other signs may include absent or irregular periods. […] Infertility in females can result from age, hormone conditions, medical conditions, and lifestyle or environmental factors. […] Many factors can increase your risk for infertility. General health conditions, genetic (inherited) traits, lifestyle choices and age can all contribute to infertility. […] Your chances of becoming pregnant decrease with age. Research shows that age is becoming a more common factor in infertility because many couples are waiting to have children until their 30s or 40s.

• #2 Infertility Symptoms in Men and Women

  https://www.webmd.com/infertility-and-reproduction/understanding-infertility-symptoms

  The main symptom of infertility is not getting pregnant. You may not have or notice any other symptoms. […] In women, changes in the menstrual cycle and ovulation may be a symptom of a disease related to infertility. Symptoms include: Abnormal periods. Bleeding is heavier or lighter than usual. Irregular periods. The number of days in between each period varies each month. No periods. You have never had a period, or periods suddenly stop. Painful periods. Back pain, pelvic pain, and cramping may happen. […] Sometimes, female infertility is related to a hormone problem. In this case, symptoms can also include: Skin changes, including more acne, Changes in sex drive and desire, Dark hair growth on the lips, chest, and chin, Loss of hair or thinning hair, Weight gain. […] Other symptoms of disorders that may lead to infertility include: Milky white discharge from nipples unrelated to breastfeeding, Pain during sex. […] Many other things can be related to infertility in women, and their symptoms vary. […] In women, fertility drops with age, especially after age 35. Getting pregnant after age 45 is rare.

• #2 Infertility: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/infertility-5223735

  Infertility symptoms vary depending on the underlying cause. The classic sign is the inability to either become pregnant or carry a pregnancy to term. […] In women, an absent (amenorrhea) or irregular period may signify a problem leading to infertility. This is because a woman without regular periods is likely not ovulating each month. […] Infertility risk factors for women include: Irregular or absent menstrual periods.

• #2 Female Infertility: How to Spot the Signs and What to Do Next

  https://flo.health/getting-pregnant/trying-to-conceive/fertility/female-infertility-how-to-spot-the-signs

  If youre having trouble getting pregnant, youre not alone. Around 12 to 13 percent of couples in the U.S. experience infertility issues. That number jumps to 17 percent worldwide. While it may be difficult to detect infertility symptoms outright, here are some signs that may point to fertility issues: […] Irregular periods: The average womans cycle is about 28 days long. However, if the cycle lasts from 21 to 35 days, its still considered normal, as long it is consistent. With irregular periods, the cycle is so unpredictable that its impossible to know when the next one will come. This is caused by hormonal issues like thyroid hypo- or hyperfunction, hyperprolactinemia, or polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) all of which can lead to infertility. […] Absence of periods: Temporary life stress or overexercising may cause you to occasionally skip a period. However, if you havent had your period in months, it might be a good idea to seek medical advice.

• #2 What are the key signs of infertility in women? – IVI UK

  https://www.ivi.uk/blog/what-are-the-key-signs-of-infertility-in-women/

  It might seem obvious, but the clearest sign of infertility is the inability to get pregnant despite having regular, unprotected sex. […] If your periods stop altogether for a number of months, it is very likely that you are not ovulating and therefore will not be able to get pregnant if you are trying to conceive. This is known as amenorrhea. […] Periods that are unusually long, heavy or painful can be a symptom of endometriosis. […] An irregular cycle outside of this range is a signal that you are not ovulating regularly. This can make it difficult or impossible to get pregnant. […] Blocked fallopian tubes cause fertility issues by preventing the egg from travelling down the fallopian tube from the ovary. […] The ovaries may be impacted by previous surgery, which can affect the ovarian reserve. […] Women who smoke are twice as likely to be affected by infertility than those who do not smoke. […] If you are trying for a baby and recognise any of these symptoms, its best to seek advice.

• #2 Infertility: Common signs in men and women

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/323401

  In women, signs of infertility may include: […] Pain during sex, or dyspareunia, can be a sign of an underlying health problem that may influence a woman’s fertility. […] Heavy periods may indicate an underlying condition affecting fertility. […] Women who experience very heavy, painful periods may be showing signs of endometriosis, a condition where tissues usually found in the womb are present elsewhere in the body. […] Endometriosis is a risk factor for infertility. […] If menstrual blood is regularly paler than usual, this may be a cause for concern. […] Having an irregular cycle, including missing periods, can contribute to infertility, as it means a woman may not be regularly ovulating. […] Irregular ovulation can be due to many issues, including polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), obesity, being underweight, and thyroid issues.

• #2 Infertility symptoms

  https://www.evewell.com/support/infertility-symptoms/

  Infertility symptoms can vary significantly from one person to another. The most common signs of infertility in women may include: Pain during sex, Irregular menstrual cycle, Dark or pale menstrual blood, Painful and heavy periods, Hormonal changes, Underlying medical conditions such as endometriosis or PCOS. […] Many couples have no infertility symptoms and have no reason to suspect they are infertile until they start trying to get pregnant. […] Infertility is usually only diagnosed when a couple has not conceived successfully after a year of trying.

• #2 Infertility: Frequently Asked Questions | Reproductive Health | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/reproductive-health/infertility-faq/index.html

  Women need functioning ovaries, fallopian tubes, and a uterus to get pregnant. Conditions affecting any one of these organs can contribute to female infertility. […] Impaired fecundity is a condition related to infertility. It refers to women who have difficulty getting pregnant or carrying a pregnancy to term. […] Yes. In the United States, 1 in 5 (19%) of married women aged 15 to 49 with no prior births are unable to get pregnant after 1 year of trying. About 1 in 4 (26%) of women in this group have difficulty getting pregnant or carrying a pregnancy to term. […] A woman’s menstrual cycle is on average 28 days long. Regular, predictable periods that occur every 21 to 35 days likely reflect ovulation. A woman with irregular periods is likely not ovulating. […] Disruption in ovarian function may be caused by several conditions and calls for an evaluation by a health care provider.

• #2 What Are the Symptoms of Female Infertility? | Nova IVF Fertility

  https://www.novaivffertility.com/fertility-help/what-are-symptoms-female-infertility

  Hormone imbalances are often the cause of infertility. Symptoms of hormone imbalances include: Acne and skin trouble, The growth of facial hair, Thinning hair on the scalp, Unexplained weight gain or weight loss, Reduced sex drive. […] Pain during sex may be caused by underlying conditions such as: Endometriosis, Fibroids, Sexually transmitted diseases, Pelvic inflammatory disease, Problems with the cervix and uterus. These conditions can increase the risk of infertility.

• #2 The Signs of Infertility in Women & Men | Learn With Prelude

  https://www.preludefertility.com/learn/the-signs-of-infertility

  Another sign of infertility in women is hormonal changes. […] Some common signs of a hormonal imbalance in women include changes in appetite, fluctuations in weight, sleep issues, reduced libido, vaginal dryness, hot flashes, night sweats, chronic acne, dry skin, brain fog, gastrointestinal issues, chronic fatigue, mood swings, depression, anxiety, hair loss and thinning, and chronic headaches. […] Although many of these symptoms dont necessarily indicate an underlying health issue, they can be a sign of a hormonal imbalance and, potentially, infertility. […] Aside from the inability to conceive or sustain a pregnancy, the three most common signs of infertility in women include abnormal periods, pain during sex, and signs of hormonal imbalance.

• #2 Warning Signs of Infertility: What You Need to Know – Island Reproductive Services

  https://ivfny.org/warning-signs-of-infertility

  Endometriosis occurs when the tissue lining the uterus grows outside of it, causing painful periods, pelvic pain, and sometimes infertility. Uterine fibroids are noncancerous growths in the uterus that can affect fertility if they interfere with the uterine lining or fallopian tubes. […] If youre experiencing excessive hair growth, especially in areas where men typically grow hair, such as the chin, chest, or back, this could be a sign of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a common cause of infertility. […] Other symptoms of PCOS include acne, weight gain, and thinning hair on the scalp. If you notice these signs, its important to consult a fertility specialist who can help diagnose and treat the condition. […] Cervical mucus changes in consistency throughout your menstrual cycle. During ovulation, cervical mucus becomes thin, clear, and slippery, resembling egg whites. This is a signal that youre most fertile during this time. If you notice that your cervical mucus is unusually thick or absent, it could be an indication of an issue with ovulation or the cervical function.

• #2 Female Infertility Symptoms: What Are They?

  https://www.prideivf.com/blog/female-infertility-symptoms/

  Acne can result from hormonal imbalances, especially if there are too many androgens or male hormones. […] Another symptom connected to hormone imbalances is excessive hair growth, often known as hirsutism. […] Hormonal variations can also cause alterations to breast size or pain. […] It is crucial to realize that these outward changes could be connected to signs of female infertility. […] Unusual vaginal discharge is one of the minor but important indicators of female infertility. […] Changes in the vaginal discharges consistency, color, or smell might be signs of deeper problems. […] Monitoring basal body temperature (BBT) is one of the less well-known yet incredibly useful signs of female infertility. […] Individuals can discover probable ovulatory difficulties by rigorously recording BBT, enabling prompt intervention.

• #2 Signs of Infertility: In Men and Women

  https://www.healthline.com/health/pregnancy/signs-of-infertility

  Painful periods that interfere with your daily life may be a symptom of endometriosis. […] But if you havent had a period in months, its time to get your fertility checked. […] Signs of hormone fluctuations in women could indicate potential issues with fertility. […] It could be related to hormone issues, to endometriosis, or to other underlying conditions that could also be contributing to infertility. […] Changes in sexual desire could indicate issues with fertility. […] A mans ability to maintain an erection is often linked to his hormone levels. Reduced hormones may result, which could potentially translate into trouble conceiving. […] If youve been diagnosed with infertility, or fear you may have trouble conceiving in the future, youre not alone.

• #2 Infertility – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/infertility/symptoms-causes/syc-20354317

  The main symptom of infertility is not getting pregnant. There may be no other clear symptoms. Some women with infertility may have irregular menstrual periods or no periods. […] Infertility causes can affect one or both partners. In some cases, no cause can be found. […] Ovulation disorders. These conditions affect the release of eggs from the ovaries. They include hormonal problems such as polycystic ovary syndrome. High levels of a hormone needed to make breast milk, called prolactin, also may have an effect on ovulation. Either too much thyroid hormone, called hyperthyroidism, or too little, called hypothyroidism, can affect the menstrual cycle or cause infertility. Other underlying causes may include too much exercise, eating disorders or tumors. […] Conditions of the uterus. These include growths called uterine polyps, issues with the shape of the uterus or problems with its lower end, called the cervix. Tumors in the wall of the uterus, called uterine fibroids, also may cause infertility but they aren’t cancer. Fibroids can block the fallopian tubes, where an egg and sperm unite. They also can stop a fertilized egg from attaching to the uterus, which needs to happen for an unborn baby to develop.

• #2 Female infertility symptoms: Causes and more

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/female-infertility-symptoms

  Females experiencing fertility challenges may have a range of symptoms stemming from the underlying cause. Several common symptoms include irregular menstrual cycles, painful menstrual cramps, or pain during sex. […] Irregular menstrual cycles can be a common symptom among females having trouble getting pregnant. […] These disruptions can indicate ovulation problems such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or primary ovarian insufficiency (POI), which affect a females ability to conceive. […] Abnormal hair growth on the face or other body parts where males typically grow hair is related to hormonal imbalances that may affect fertility. […] Weight fluctuations may affect a females fertility. […] Pain is a common symptom related to various reasons for infertility. Possible pain symptoms can include painful period cramps, pain during intercourse, and chronic pelvic pain.

• #2 Female Infertility: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment – A Comprehensive Guide by Patki Hospital, Kolhapur

  https://patkihospitalkolhapur.com/female-infertility-symptoms-causes-and-treatment-a-comprehensive-guide-by-patki-hospital-kolhapur/

  Hormonal Fluctuations: Signs such as unexplained weight gain, hair thinning, acne, or abnormal hair growth can indicate hormonal problems, which may impact ovulation and fertility. […] Pain During Intercourse: Chronic pain during sexual activity could be a symptom of an underlying health issue like pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) or endometriosis, which can contribute to infertility. […] Chronic Pelvic Pain: This could be a sign of various reproductive disorders that affect fertility, such as endometriosis, adhesions from previous surgeries, or infections. […] Multiple Miscarriages: Repeated pregnancy loss may also indicate infertility issues, often related to genetic or anatomical problems, or conditions like autoimmune disorders.

• #2 Female Infertility: Symptoms and Causes | Tampa General Hospital

  https://www.tgh.org/institutes-and-services/conditions/female-infertility

  Infertility in women is common, characterized by the inability to get pregnant. At least 10% of women deal with infertility and the risk can increase as a woman gets older. […] Beyond difficulty conceiving, infertility usually does not cause noticeable symptoms. Certain underlying conditions that lead to infertility may result in symptoms, but in general, women may experience irregular or skipped periods.

• #2 Female infertility symptoms: Causes and more

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/female-infertility-symptoms

  Having digestive problems along with fertility issues may be a sign of an underlying health condition affecting reproductive health, such as endometriosis. […] Having strong-smelling vaginal discharge can be a sign of an infection of the vagina, which may affect fertility. […] Female infertility can stem from a variety of causes, sometimes with complex interactions between hormones, health conditions, and the structure of the reproductive organs. […] Women experiencing infertility problems may have symptoms related to the underlying condition causing the infertility. […] Some common symptoms include irregular menstrual cycles, frequent pain, abnormal hair growth, and weight fluctuations.

• #2

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/infertility/causes/

  Infertility is commonly caused by problems with ovulation (the monthly release of an egg from the ovaries). […] Ovulation problems can be a result of: polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), thyroid problems both an overactive thyroid gland and an underactive thyroid gland can prevent ovulation, premature ovarian failure where the ovaries stop working before the age of 40. […] Endometriosis is a condition where tissue, similar to the lining of the womb (the endometrium), grows in other places outside of the womb. This can damage the ovaries or fallopian tubes and cause fertility problems. […] Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is an infection of the upper female genital tract, which includes the womb, fallopian tubes and ovaries. PID can damage and scar the fallopian tubes, making it virtually impossible for an egg to travel down into the womb.

• #2 Female Infertility | ColumbiaDoctors

  https://www.columbiadoctors.org/specialties/obstetrics-gynecology/our-services/columbia-university-fertility-center/our-services/conditions-and-treatments/female-infertility

  Uterine defects may be associated with infertility and/or recurrent pregnancy loss. […] Recurrent pregnancy loss is defined as two or more consecutive pregnancy losses. […] Infection: Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is an infection and can affect the uterus, fallopian tubes and/or the ovaries and can impact fertility. […] If you suspect you are experiencing issues with your fertility or are concerned about preserving your fertility for a future pregnancy, it is highly recommended that you seek a medical consultation as soon as possible. […] If our doctors discover that female factors are affecting your fertility, your physician may use several different methods to help you achieve a successful pregnancy.

• #2 Infertility: Frequently Asked Questions | Reproductive Health | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/reproductive-health/infertility-faq/index.html

  Some conditions that may cause issues related to ovarian function include the following: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common cause of infertility. PCOS is a condition that causes women to not ovulate, or to ovulate irregularly. […] Diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) is a condition where there are fewer eggs remaining in the ovaries than expected at a specific age. […] Primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) is sometimes referred to as premature menopause. It occurs when a woman’s ovaries fail before age 40. […] Female fertility is known to decline with: Age. Fertility declines with age primarily because egg quality declines over time. Older women also have fewer eggs left, and they are more likely to have health conditions that can cause fertility problems. […] Couples with no apparent health or fertility problems, in which the woman is 35 years or older and has regular menstrual cycles, should see a health care provider after 6 months of trying to conceive naturally without success.

• #2 Infertility

  https://womenshealth.gov/a-z-topics/infertility

  Aging decreases a woman’s chances of having a baby in the following ways: Her ovaries become less able to release eggs, She has a smaller number of eggs left, Her eggs are not as healthy, She is more likely to have health conditions that can cause fertility problems, She is more likely to have a miscarriage. […] Most experts suggest at least one year. Women 35 or older should see their doctors after six months of trying. A woman’s chances of having a baby decrease rapidly every year after the age of 30. […] Some common tests of fertility in women include: Hysterosalpingography (HIS-tur-oh-sal-ping-GOGH-ru-fee): This is an x-ray of the uterus and fallopian tubes. […] Finding the cause of infertility can be a long and emotional process. It may take time to complete all the needed tests. So don’t worry if the problem is not found right away.

• #2 Warning Signs of Infertility: What You Need to Know – Island Reproductive Services

  https://ivfny.org/warning-signs-of-infertility

  If you have a history of conditions such as diabetes, thyroid problems, or autoimmune disorders, your fertility may be affected. For example, thyroid dysfunction can disrupt your menstrual cycle and make it difficult to conceive. Conditions such as lupus and rheumatoid arthritis can also interfere with fertility by causing inflammation in the reproductive organs. […] Age is a significant factor in female fertility. Women are born with all the eggs they will ever have, and as they age, the number and quality of their eggs decline. After the age of 35, fertility begins to decline more rapidly. If youre over 35 and struggling to conceive, consider consulting with a fertility expert sooner rather than later.

• #2 Infertility: Types, Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/16083-infertility

  The main sign of infertility is being unable to get pregnant after six months or one year of regular, unprotected sex. […] Ovulation disorders are the most common cause of infertility in women. […] These factors can contribute to female infertility: Endometriosis. […] Approximately 9 out of 10 couples get pregnant after undergoing fertility treatments. […] In 85% to 90% of cases, lifestyle modification, medication, ART or surgery can treat infertility and allow a woman to conceive.

• #2 What are some possible causes of female infertility? | NICHD – Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development

  http://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/infertility/conditioninfo/causes/causes-female

  PCOS is one of the most common causes of female infertility. […] Women with POI often have trouble getting pregnant. However, pregnancy is still possible, though rare. […] Fibroids can contribute to infertility and are found in 5% to 10% of infertile women. […] Autoimmune disorders may affect fertility. The reasons for this are not fully understood and differ between diseases, but they are thought to involve inflammation in the uterus and placenta or medications used to treat the diseases.

• #2 What are some possible causes of female infertility? | NICHD – Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development

  http://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/infertility/conditioninfo/causes/causes-female

  The most common overall cause of female infertility is the failure to ovulate, which occurs in 40% of women with infertility issues. […] Problems with the menstrual cycle, the process that prepares the female body for pregnancy, can lead to infertility. […] If the fallopian tubes are blocked, eggs are not able to move from the ovaries to the uterus and sperm is not able to reach the egg for fertilization. […] Some specific structural problems that can cause infertility include: Endometriosis, when tissue that normally lines the inside of the uterus is found in other places, such as blocking the fallopian tubes. […] Research has found a link between infertility and endometriosis. Studies show that between 25% and 50% of infertile woman have endometriosis and between 30% and 40% of women with endometriosis are infertile.

• #2 Infertility – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/infertility/symptoms-causes/syc-20354317

  Fallopian tube damage or blockage. Often, these issues are caused by swelling of the fallopian tube, called salpingitis. The swelling can happen due to an infection of the female reproductive organs called pelvic inflammatory disease. […] Endometriosis. With this condition, tissue that’s similar to the inner lining of the uterus grows outside of the uterus. It may affect the how well the ovaries, uterus and fallopian tubes work. […] Primary ovarian insufficiency. This happens when the ovaries stop working as they should, and menstrual periods end before age 40. The cause is often unknown. But some factors linked with primary ovarian insufficiency include immune system diseases, genetic conditions such as Turner syndrome, and radiation or chemotherapy treatment. […] Cancer and its treatment. Certain cancers especially ones that affect the reproductive organs often reduce female fertility. Both radiation and chemotherapy may affect fertility as well.

• #2 Female Infertility: Causes Symptoms & Treatment – Surya Hospital

  https://suryahospitals.com/blog/female-infertility

  The most prevalent signs are irregular or absent periods. […] Endometriosis happens when tissue that normally grows in the uterus implants and grows outside of it. This excess tissue growth and its surgical removal can produce scarring, which can block fallopian tubes and prevent an egg and sperm from fusion. […] Endometriosis can also prevent fertilized eggs from implanting correctly. The condition also appears to have an indirect effect on fertility, such as causing damage to sperm or eggs. […] Several uterine or cervical conditions can interfere with egg implantation or increase the chances of miscarriage: Benign polyps and tumors (fibroids or myomas) are common in the uterus. Some can obstruct the fallopian tubes or interfere with implantation, affecting fertility. […] Problems with the uterus that exist at birth, such as an abnormally shaped uterus, might make it difficult to get or remain pregnant.

• #2

  https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/infertility

  Infertility may occur due to male, female or unexplained factors. […] In the female reproductive system, infertility may be caused by tubal disorders such as blocked fallopian tubes, which are in turn caused by untreated sexually transmitted infections (STIs) or complications of unsafe abortion, postpartum sepsis or abdominal/pelvic surgery. […] Uterine disorders which could be inflammatory in nature (such as such endometriosis), congenital in nature (such as septate uterus), or benign in nature (such as fibroids). […] Disorders of the ovaries, such as polycystic ovarian syndrome and other follicular disorders. […] Disorders of the endocrine system causing imbalances of reproductive hormones. […] The relative importance of these causes of female infertility may differ from country to country, for example due to differences in the background prevalence of STIs, or differing ages of populations studied.

• #2 Infertility in women | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/infertility-in-women

  Female fertility problems include irregular ovulation, blockages in the fallopian tubes, and abnormalities of the uterus such as fibroids and endometriosis. […] Female infertility can be caused by: ovulation problems, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), problems with the fallopian tubes, problems with the uterus, endometriosis. […] Irregular or absent periods indicate that ovulation may be irregular or absent too. […] The age of the woman is a significant fertility factor. The chance of pregnancy for a woman aged 40 years is only 5% per menstrual cycle. […] Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common hormonal condition affecting women in their reproductive years. […] A blocked or scarred fallopian tube can prevent the egg from meeting up with sperm. […] Some conditions in the uterus can hamper implantation including fibroids and polyps.

• #2 Infertility: Frequently Asked Questions | Reproductive Health | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/reproductive-health/infertility-faq/index.html

  Couples in which the woman is older than 40 should consider seeking more immediate evaluation and treatment. […] Couples with the following signs or symptoms should not delay seeing their health care provider when they are trying to become pregnant: For women: Irregular periods or no menstrual periods. […] A history of more than one miscarriage. […] Genetic or acquired conditions that can diminish ovarian reserve.

• #2 Female Infertility – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK556033/

  The risk of multiples has been a problem for artificial reproductive technologies since the practice’s inception. […] Ectopic pregnancy following treatment of infertile patients is another risk that requires extensive counseling. […] Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is an iatrogenic complication of controlled ovarian hyperstimulation that results in a broad range of signs and symptoms. […] Women should see their providers for a referral to an infertility subspecialist if they are unable to achieve pregnancy after 1 year of unprotected timed intercourse or if she is older than 35 years of age, 6 months of unprotected timed intercourse.

• #2 Female Infertility: Causes Symptoms & Treatment – Surya Hospital

  https://suryahospitals.com/blog/female-infertility

  Sometimes, the cause of infertility is never identified. A combination of minor issues in both partners may result in unexplained fertility issues. […] The quality and quantity of a woman’s eggs drop with age. In the mid-30s, the rate of follicle loss accelerates, resulting in fewer and lower-quality eggs. This makes conception more difficult and increases the chances of miscarriage. […] Smoking not only damages your cervix and fallopian tubes, but it also raises your chances of miscarriage and ectopic pregnancy symptoms. […] Obesity or being greatly underweight can interfere with ovulation. Reaching a healthy body mass index (BMI) can improve the frequency of ovulation and the likelihood of getting pregnant. […] Infertility can be treated with medication, surgery, intrauterine insemination, or assisted reproductive technology. Often, medicine and intrauterine insemination are used together.

• #2 Infertility

  https://womenshealth.gov/a-z-topics/infertility

  A number of fertility medicines are used to treat women with ovulation problems. It is important to talk with your doctor about the pros and cons of these medicines. You should understand the possible dangers, benefits, and side effects. […] Many fertility drugs increase a woman’s chance of having twins, triplets, or other multiples. Women who are pregnant with multiple fetuses have more problems during pregnancy. Multiple fetuses have a high risk of being born too early (prematurely). Premature babies are at a higher risk of health and developmental problems.

• #2 Top 10 Causes of Female Infertility – Raadina Health

  https://raadinahealth.com/en/blog/female-infertility-causes

  Infertility treatment itself is a time-consuming process. However, infertile couples sometimes lose more time by choosing inappropriate infertility treatment centers. […] Infertility treatment in females includes assisted reproductive methods. […] When the cause of female infertility is endometriosis, laparoscopic surgery is a remedy.

• #2 Infertility Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments

  https://www.upmc.com/services/womens-health/conditions/infertility

  Infertility means that you’re unable to conceive, or become pregnant, after having regular, unprotected sex for a certain amount of time. […] The main symptom of infertility is not being able to get pregnant when you and your partner are having regular, unprotected sex. […] If you haven’t conceived within a year, or within six months if you’re 35 or older, it’s time to seek help from a doctor. […] Treatments may include medications to: assist with ovulation; stimulate follicle development to help create more than one mature egg each month. […] The most successful method for many women is IVF.

• #3 Infertility: Frequently Asked Questions | Reproductive Health | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/reproductive-health/infertility-faq/index.html

  Some conditions that may cause issues related to ovarian function include the following: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common cause of infertility. PCOS is a condition that causes women to not ovulate, or to ovulate irregularly. […] Diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) is a condition where there are fewer eggs remaining in the ovaries than expected at a specific age. […] Primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) is sometimes referred to as premature menopause. It occurs when a woman’s ovaries fail before age 40. […] Female fertility is known to decline with: Age. Fertility declines with age primarily because egg quality declines over time. Older women also have fewer eggs left, and they are more likely to have health conditions that can cause fertility problems. […] Couples with no apparent health or fertility problems, in which the woman is 35 years or older and has regular menstrual cycles, should see a health care provider after 6 months of trying to conceive naturally without success.

• #3 Infertility – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/infertility/symptoms-causes/syc-20354317

  The main symptom of infertility is not getting pregnant. There may be no other clear symptoms. Some women with infertility may have irregular menstrual periods or no periods. […] Infertility causes can affect one or both partners. In some cases, no cause can be found. […] Ovulation disorders. These conditions affect the release of eggs from the ovaries. They include hormonal problems such as polycystic ovary syndrome. High levels of a hormone needed to make breast milk, called prolactin, also may have an effect on ovulation. Either too much thyroid hormone, called hyperthyroidism, or too little, called hypothyroidism, can affect the menstrual cycle or cause infertility. Other underlying causes may include too much exercise, eating disorders or tumors. […] Conditions of the uterus. These include growths called uterine polyps, issues with the shape of the uterus or problems with its lower end, called the cervix. Tumors in the wall of the uterus, called uterine fibroids, also may cause infertility but they aren’t cancer. Fibroids can block the fallopian tubes, where an egg and sperm unite. They also can stop a fertilized egg from attaching to the uterus, which needs to happen for an unborn baby to develop.

• #3 Signs of Infertility: In Men and Women

  https://www.healthline.com/health/pregnancy/signs-of-infertility

  Several things, from irregular periods to changes in sexual desire, can be signs of infertility. […] Its common for couples to experience issues with infertility. Many of these couples have no symptoms. […] For this reason, its recommended that couples whove been trying to get pregnant for over a year without success seek the advice of a doctor. For women over age 35, that timeline is reduced to six months. Infertility issues increase with age. […] Signs and symptoms of infertility are often related to other underlying conditions. […] Common symptoms of infertility include the following. […] Common Signs of Infertility in Women […] But a woman whose cycles vary so greatly that she cant even begin to estimate when her period might arrive is experiencing irregular periods. This can be related to hormone issues, or to polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Both of these can contribute to infertility.

• #3 Female Infertility – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK556033/

  The risk of multiples has been a problem for artificial reproductive technologies since the practice’s inception. […] Ectopic pregnancy following treatment of infertile patients is another risk that requires extensive counseling. […] Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is an iatrogenic complication of controlled ovarian hyperstimulation that results in a broad range of signs and symptoms. […] Women should see their providers for a referral to an infertility subspecialist if they are unable to achieve pregnancy after 1 year of unprotected timed intercourse or if she is older than 35 years of age, 6 months of unprotected timed intercourse.

Zobacz więcej