Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Symptoms & Causes of Fecal Incontinence – NIDDK

  https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/bowel-control-problems-fecal-incontinence/symptoms-causes

  Fecal incontinence has many causes, including digestive tract disorders and chronic diseases. Some causes of fecal incontinence, such as childbirth by vaginal delivery, happen only in women. […] Diarrhea is the most common risk factor for fecal incontinence for people not staying in hospitals, nursing homes, or other similar institutions. […] Constipation can lead to large, hard stools that are difficult to pass. […] If the muscles in your anus, pelvic floor, or rectum are injured or weakened, they may not be able to keep your anus closed, letting stool leak out. […] If the nerves that control your anus, pelvic floor, and rectum are damaged, the muscles cant work the way they should. […] Neurologic diseases that affect the nerves of the anus, pelvic floor, or rectum can cause fecal incontinence.

• #2 Treatments for Fecal Incontinence | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program

  https://effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/products/fecal-incontinence/consumer

  Fecal incontinence (FI) is a condition in which you have trouble holding your stool until you can get to the bathroom. Stool sometimes leaks by accident. The stool may be solid or liquid. FI is also sometimes called „accidental bowel leakage.” […] FI can be caused by many things, including: […] Damage to the sphincter muscles or to the nerves that control the rectum and sphincter muscles. This can happen from childbirth, surgery involving the rectum or anus, or straining often to pass stool. A spinal cord or brain injury can also damage the nerves that control the rectum and sphincter muscles. […] Loss of stretch or stiffening of the rectum. This can happen from surgery involving the rectum or anus, radiation treatment for cancer, or inflammatory bowel diseases (disorders that cause irritation to the lining of the lower digestive system).

• #3 Fecal Incontinence: Symptoms & Causes | NewYork-Presbyterian

  https://www.nyp.org/womens/urogynecology/fecal-incontinence

  Fecal incontinence is a condition in which you cannot control your bowel movements. […] There may be more than one cause of fecal incontinence. Some of the most common causes include: Complications of vaginal childbirth, Rectocele, a condition in some women that happens when the rectum protrudes through the vagina, A nervous system injury or disorder, such as multiple sclerosis, Chronic constipation, Inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis), An abscess or inflammation around the anus, Damage to the anal sphincter, the muscle that controls the opening and closing of the anus, Prior surgery or radiation therapy to the anal area, Hemorrhoids (swelling of veins in the rectum), Rectal prolapse, where the rectum sags into the anus. […] Several factors may increase your risk of developing fecal incontinence. Fecal incontinence is most common in people over age 65. Lack of physical activity can increase risk. People with certain chronic muscle, neurologic, or digestive diseases or health problems, such as diabetes or multiple sclerosis, are more likely to experience fecal incontinence. Vaginal childbirth and taking hormone replacement therapy in menopause both increase the risk of fecal incontinence. People with certain birth defects of the spinal cord, anus, or rectum may have fecal incontinence.

• #4 Bowel incontinence – UF Health

  https://ufhealth.org/conditions-and-treatments/bowel-incontinence

  Bowel incontinence is the loss of bowel control, causing you to unexpectedly pass stool. This can range from sometimes leaking a small amount of stool and passing gas, to not being able to control bowel movements. […] The rectum, anus, pelvic muscles, and nervous system must work together to control bowel movements. If there is a problem with any of these, it can cause incontinence. […] Reasons people have bowel incontinence include: Ongoing (chronic) constipation. This causes the anal muscles and intestines to stretch and weaken, leading to diarrhea and stool leakage. […] Fecal impaction. It is most often caused by chronic constipation. This leads to a lump of stool that partly blocks the large intestine. […] Long-term laxative use. […] Colectomy or bowel surgery. […] Not sensing that it’s time to have a bowel movement.

• #5 Fecal (Bowel) Incontinence: What It Is, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/14574-fecal-bowel-incontinence

  The rectum, anus and anal sphincter muscles within the colonConditions that damage the nerves and muscles that help you poop, like those in your rectum and anus, can cause fecal incontinence. […] The most common causes of fecal incontinence include constipation, diarrhea and conditions that damage the muscles or nerves that help you poop. Prior surgeries and procedures can also play a role. […] Diarrhea: Loose, watery stools are much more challenging for your muscles to hold in than firm ones. Over time, frequent diarrhea can cause the muscles in your rectum and anus to weaken. […] Constipation: Frequent bouts of constipation can also weaken your rectal and anal muscles. Straining to poop can cause nerve damage. With chronic constipation, the liquid parts of a stool can seep out around the firm stool thats stuck, leading to incontinence.

• #6 Bladder and Bowel Incontinence | University Hospitals

  https://www.uhhospitals.org/health-information/health-and-wellness-library/article/Adult-Diseases-and-Conditions-v1/bladder-and-bowel-dysfunction

  When the bladder and bowel function normally, nerves tell certain muscles when to tense up and when to relax. […] Many conditions may affect the nerves and muscles that control the bladder and bowel. […] Bladder incontinence can be caused by things, such as: Damage to nerves in sphincter muscles, Holding urine in too long (urine retention), which can damage the bladder, Having to urinate many times during the day and night, often urgently (overactive bladder), Diarrhea, Constipation. […] Bowel incontinence can be caused by things, such as: Diarrhea, Constipation, Damage to the nervous system from disease or injury, Vaginal childbirth, Rectum bulging down into the anus (rectal prolapse), Rectum pushing into the vagina (rectocele), Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis. […] Either type of incontinence can be caused by things, such as: Medicine side effects, Stress, Multiple sclerosis, Stroke, Alzheimer disease, Diabetes, Infections, including spinal cord or brain infections, Hemorrhoids, Problems with the pelvic floor, Damage after surgery.

• #7 Symptoms & Causes of Fecal Incontinence – NIDDK

  https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/bowel-control-problems-fecal-incontinence/symptoms-causes

  Fecal incontinence has many causes, including digestive tract disorders and chronic diseases. Some causes of fecal incontinence, such as childbirth by vaginal delivery, happen only in women. […] Diarrhea is the most common risk factor for fecal incontinence for people not staying in hospitals, nursing homes, or other similar institutions. […] Constipation can lead to large, hard stools that are difficult to pass. […] If the muscles in your anus, pelvic floor, or rectum are injured or weakened, they may not be able to keep your anus closed, letting stool leak out. […] If the nerves that control your anus, pelvic floor, and rectum are damaged, the muscles cant work the way they should. […] Neurologic diseases that affect the nerves of the anus, pelvic floor, or rectum can cause fecal incontinence.

• #8 What Causes Fecal Incontinence? And How Can You Get Care?

  https://share.upmc.com/2024/02/causes-of-fecal-incontinence/

  Fecal incontinence is upsetting and embarrassing, but its not uncommon. If it happens to you frequently, its important to talk to your health care provider to find out what causes fecal incontinence and how to treat it. […] Although its not a normal part of aging, fecal incontinence is more common in older adults. You might have a higher risk if you: […] Health conditions that affect your digestive tract or pelvic floor can lead to bowel leakage. These are some of the most common causes. […] Loose, watery stools can fill your rectum quickly. Its harder to hold diarrhea than solid stools, so its more likely to leak. Diarrhea is one of the top causes of fecal incontinence. […] It might sound counterintuitive, but constipation is another leading cause of fecal incontinence. […] Your pelvic floor muscles form a sling that reaches from your pubic bone in front to your tailbone in back. They support the organs in your pelvis, including your large intestine, rectum, and anus, and help control your bowel movements. […] Nerves help control your entire digestive tract, including your rectum and anus. They also control your pelvic floor muscles and allow you to feel the urge to have a bowel movement. Damage or injury to the nerves that control these organs can cause fecal incontinence.

• #9 Fecal Incontinence | Causes, Symptoms & Treatment | Depend® Canada

  https://www.depend.com/en-ca/advice-and-support/types-of-incontinence/bowel

  Also called bowel incontinence, fecal incontinence is the loss of bowel control that results in unexpected passage of stool. […] Fecal or bowel incontinence is often caused by one or more of the following: Constipation this is the biggest cause of loss of bowel control in the elderly. […] Diarrhea, due to chronic diseases of the bowel, such as Crohns diseases, diverticulitis, or inflammatory bowel disease. It could also be due to medications, radiotherapy, alcohol, infection or some food allergies. […] Neurological Impairment associated with neurological diseases such as Stroke, Multiple Sclerosis or Parkinsons disease. The nerve supply to the bowel can also be damaged due to Diabetes, spinal cord injuries, tumors or radiation therapy. […] Structural sphincter damage following injury, surgery or complicated childbirth. […] Other causes may include Cancer, Rectal prolapse, Anal Fissure or Hemorrhoids.

• #10 Bowel incontinence: Symptoms, treatment, and prevention

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/165583

  Bowel incontinence can happen for a number of reasons: […] People are more likely to have fecal bowel incontinence if they have: […] The sphincter muscles do not work as they should. Childbirth can cause the sphincter muscles to become stretched and torn, especially if forceps or other devices are used during delivery, or if the mother had an episiotomy. A complication of bowel or rectal surgery and some other types of injury can also cause damage to the sphincter muscles. […] Diarrhea can make it difficult for the rectum to hold the stools. Recurring diarrhea, due, for example, to Crohn’s disease, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), or ulcerative colitis, can lead to scarring in the rectum and bowel incontinence. […] Constipation can lead to bowel incontinence. If solid stool becomes impacted, it may be too hard to come out. The muscles of the rectum can stretch and weaken, and watery stools may then leak around the impacted stool and seep out of the anus. This is called overflow of the bowel.

• #11 Fecal (Bowel) Incontinence: What It Is, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/14574-fecal-bowel-incontinence

  The rectum, anus and anal sphincter muscles within the colonConditions that damage the nerves and muscles that help you poop, like those in your rectum and anus, can cause fecal incontinence. […] The most common causes of fecal incontinence include constipation, diarrhea and conditions that damage the muscles or nerves that help you poop. Prior surgeries and procedures can also play a role. […] Diarrhea: Loose, watery stools are much more challenging for your muscles to hold in than firm ones. Over time, frequent diarrhea can cause the muscles in your rectum and anus to weaken. […] Constipation: Frequent bouts of constipation can also weaken your rectal and anal muscles. Straining to poop can cause nerve damage. With chronic constipation, the liquid parts of a stool can seep out around the firm stool thats stuck, leading to incontinence.

• #12 Fecal incontinence treatment – Mankato – Mayo Clinic Health System

  https://www.mayoclinichealthsystem.org/locations/mankato/services-and-treatments/gastroenterology-and-hepatology/digestive-and-liver-disorders/fecal-incontinence

  Chronic constipation may cause a dry, hard mass of stool (impacted stool) to form in the rectum and become too large to pass. The muscles of the rectum and intestines stretch and eventually weaken, allowing watery stool from farther up the digestive tract to move around the impacted stool and leak out. Chronic constipation may also cause nerve damage that leads to fecal incontinence. […] Solid stool is easier to retain in the rectum than is loose stool, so the loose stools of diarrhea can cause or worsen fecal incontinence. […] When the veins in your rectum swell, causing hemorrhoids, this keeps your anus from closing completely, which can allow stool to leak out. […] Normally, the rectum stretches to accommodate stool. If your rectum is scarred or stiff due to surgery, radiation treatment or inflammatory bowel disease, the rectum can’t stretch as much as it needs to, and excess stool can leak out.

• #13 What Causes Fecal Incontinence? And How Can You Get Care?

  https://share.upmc.com/2024/02/causes-of-fecal-incontinence/

  Fecal incontinence is upsetting and embarrassing, but its not uncommon. If it happens to you frequently, its important to talk to your health care provider to find out what causes fecal incontinence and how to treat it. […] Although its not a normal part of aging, fecal incontinence is more common in older adults. You might have a higher risk if you: […] Health conditions that affect your digestive tract or pelvic floor can lead to bowel leakage. These are some of the most common causes. […] Loose, watery stools can fill your rectum quickly. Its harder to hold diarrhea than solid stools, so its more likely to leak. Diarrhea is one of the top causes of fecal incontinence. […] It might sound counterintuitive, but constipation is another leading cause of fecal incontinence. […] Your pelvic floor muscles form a sling that reaches from your pubic bone in front to your tailbone in back. They support the organs in your pelvis, including your large intestine, rectum, and anus, and help control your bowel movements. […] Nerves help control your entire digestive tract, including your rectum and anus. They also control your pelvic floor muscles and allow you to feel the urge to have a bowel movement. Damage or injury to the nerves that control these organs can cause fecal incontinence.

• #14 Fecal incontinence treatment – Mankato – Mayo Clinic Health System

  https://www.mayoclinichealthsystem.org/locations/mankato/services-and-treatments/gastroenterology-and-hepatology/digestive-and-liver-disorders/fecal-incontinence

  Chronic constipation may cause a dry, hard mass of stool (impacted stool) to form in the rectum and become too large to pass. The muscles of the rectum and intestines stretch and eventually weaken, allowing watery stool from farther up the digestive tract to move around the impacted stool and leak out. Chronic constipation may also cause nerve damage that leads to fecal incontinence. […] Solid stool is easier to retain in the rectum than is loose stool, so the loose stools of diarrhea can cause or worsen fecal incontinence. […] When the veins in your rectum swell, causing hemorrhoids, this keeps your anus from closing completely, which can allow stool to leak out. […] Normally, the rectum stretches to accommodate stool. If your rectum is scarred or stiff due to surgery, radiation treatment or inflammatory bowel disease, the rectum can’t stretch as much as it needs to, and excess stool can leak out.

• #15 Fecal (Bowel) Incontinence: What It Is, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/14574-fecal-bowel-incontinence

  The rectum, anus and anal sphincter muscles within the colonConditions that damage the nerves and muscles that help you poop, like those in your rectum and anus, can cause fecal incontinence. […] The most common causes of fecal incontinence include constipation, diarrhea and conditions that damage the muscles or nerves that help you poop. Prior surgeries and procedures can also play a role. […] Diarrhea: Loose, watery stools are much more challenging for your muscles to hold in than firm ones. Over time, frequent diarrhea can cause the muscles in your rectum and anus to weaken. […] Constipation: Frequent bouts of constipation can also weaken your rectal and anal muscles. Straining to poop can cause nerve damage. With chronic constipation, the liquid parts of a stool can seep out around the firm stool thats stuck, leading to incontinence.

• #16 Bowel incontinence | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/stomach-liver-and-gastrointestinal-tract/bowel-incontinence/

  Bowel incontinence is a symptom of an underlying problem or medical condition. […] Many cases are caused by diarrhoea, constipation, or weakening of the muscle that controls the opening of the anus. […] It can also be caused by long-term conditions such as diabetes, multiple sclerosis and dementia. […] Bowel incontinence is usually caused by a physical problem with the parts of the body that control the bowel. […] The most common problems are: problems with the rectum the rectum is unable to retain poo properly until its time to go to the toilet, problems with the sphincter muscles the muscles at the bottom of the rectum dont work properly, nerve damage the nerve signals sent from the rectum dont reach the brain. […] Constipation is a leading cause of bowel incontinence. […] In cases of severe constipation, a large, solid stool can become stuck in the rectum.

• #17 Bowel Incontinence (Fecal Incontinence): Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/bowel-incontinence

  Bowel incontinence (also called fecal incontinence) is when youre not able to control your bowel movements. […] The most common cause of bowel incontinence is damage to the muscles around the anus (anal sphincters). Vaginal childbirth can damage the anal sphincters or their nerves. That’s why women are affected by accidental bowel leakage about twice as often as men. […] Anal surgery can also damage the anal sphincters or nerves, leading to bowel incontinence. […] Other potential causes of bowel incontinence include: Diarrhea (often due to an infection or irritable bowel syndrome), Impacted stool (due to severe constipation, often in older adults), Inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis), Nerve damage (due to diabetes, spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, or other conditions), Radiation damage to the rectum (such as after treatment for prostate cancer), Cognitive (thinking) impairment (such as after a stroke or advanced Alzheimer’s disease), Rectal prolapse, where your rectum drops down into your anus, Rectocele, a condition in women where your rectum pushes through your vagina, Loss of stretch of the rectum, which can happen with scarring and stiffening after surgery, radiation treatment, or inflammatory bowel disease. […] Its common to have more than one cause of bowel incontinence. Doctors sometimes are unable to determine the cause.

• #18 Bowel Incontinence (Fecal Incontinence): Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/bowel-incontinence

  Bowel incontinence (also called fecal incontinence) is when youre not able to control your bowel movements. […] The most common cause of bowel incontinence is damage to the muscles around the anus (anal sphincters). Vaginal childbirth can damage the anal sphincters or their nerves. That’s why women are affected by accidental bowel leakage about twice as often as men. […] Anal surgery can also damage the anal sphincters or nerves, leading to bowel incontinence. […] Other potential causes of bowel incontinence include: Diarrhea (often due to an infection or irritable bowel syndrome), Impacted stool (due to severe constipation, often in older adults), Inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis), Nerve damage (due to diabetes, spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, or other conditions), Radiation damage to the rectum (such as after treatment for prostate cancer), Cognitive (thinking) impairment (such as after a stroke or advanced Alzheimer’s disease), Rectal prolapse, where your rectum drops down into your anus, Rectocele, a condition in women where your rectum pushes through your vagina, Loss of stretch of the rectum, which can happen with scarring and stiffening after surgery, radiation treatment, or inflammatory bowel disease. […] Its common to have more than one cause of bowel incontinence. Doctors sometimes are unable to determine the cause.

• #19

  https://fascrs.org/patients/diseases-and-conditions/a-z/fecal-incontinence

  Fecal incontinence (also called anal or bowel incontinence) is the impaired ability to control the passage of gas or stool. This is a common problem, but often not discussed due to embarrassment. Failure to seek treatment can result in social isolation and a negative impact on quality of life. […] There are many causes of fecal incontinence such as injury, disease and age. […] The most common cause of fecal incontinence results from a tear in the anal muscles during childbirth. Additionally, the nerves controlling the anal muscles may also be injured, leading to incontinence. […] Anal operations or traumatic injury to the tissues near the anal region can damage the anal muscles and/or nerves and lessen bowel control. […] Some people gradually lose anal muscle strength as they age. A mild control problem may have existed when they were younger may progress later in life. […] Severe stroke, advanced dementia or spinal cord injury can cause lack of control of the anal muscles, resulting in incontinence.

• #20 Fecal Incontinence: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/268674-overview

  Vaginal delivery is widely accepted as the most common predisposing factor to fecal incontinence in an otherwise young and healthy woman. Vaginal delivery may result in internal or external anal sphincter disruption, or may cause more subtle damage to the pudendal nerve through overstretching and/or prolonged compression and ischemia. […] Many studies support the theory that mechanical sphincter disruption contributes to fecal incontinence. Abramowitz et al found a de novo sphincter defect rate of 16.7% after vaginal delivery (14% with external, 1.7% internal, and 1% both). The overall anal incontinence rate was 9%, and 45% of these women had identifiable sphincter defects on anal endosonography. […] In addition, inadequate repairs of obstetric sphincter injuries may contribute to delayed symptoms of fecal incontinence. In a study of 34 women who sustained third-degree obstetric anal sphincter tears and 88 matched controls, Sultan et al found that approximately half the women (47%) who sustained a third-degree tear experienced some impairment of anal continence despite a primary repair.

• #21 Fecal Incontinence: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/268674-overview

  Pudendal nerve injury may also be a mechanism in fecal incontinence. The pudendal nerve innervates the external anal sphincter muscle, anal canal skin, and coordinates reflex pathways. […] In the Tetzschner study of women who sustained obstetric anal sphincter rupture during vaginal delivery, postpartum fecal incontinence was also associated with delayed PNTML of greater than 2.0 milliseconds. […] Successive vaginal deliveries increase the risk of developing fecal incontinence. Sultan et al demonstrated that 35% of primiparous women and 44% of multiparous women had sphincter disruption after delivery but were asymptomatic. […] Age may also play a role in the development of fecal incontinence. Haadem et al evaluated 49 continent, healthy women with a mean age of 51 years (range, 20-79 y). Anal manometry studies showed a decrease in maximum anal resting pressure and maximum squeeze pressure that was associated with age, irrespective of parity. […] Increasing age is also associated with slowed pudendal nerve conduction, perineal descent at rest, and decreased anorectal sensory function.

• #22 Symptoms & Types – Voices for PFD

  https://www.voicesforpfd.org/bowel-control/symptoms-types/

  Bowel control disorders affect the normal pattern of emptying your bowels. […] Accidental bowel leakage (ABL), also known as fecal incontinence, is the loss of normal control of the bowels, leading to leakage of solid or liquid stool or gas. […] There are many causes of accidental bowel leakage, including injury caused during childbirth, damage to the anal sphincter or nerves, pelvic organ prolapse, fistula, medical problems and abnormal stool consistency. […] Pregnancy can increase the risk of accidental bowel leakage. […] Delivering a large baby vaginally, especially if forceps are used, poses more risk than having a smaller baby. […] During vaginal childbirth, the anal sphincter muscles can be damaged or torn. […] Injury is more common after episiotomy or forceps delivery. […] The anal sphincter muscles can also become weakened for other reasons, such as diabetes or neurologic conditions.

• #23 Advanced Gynecology – Fecal Incontinence

  https://www.advancedgynecology.com/conditions-symptoms/fecal-incontinence

  Fecal incontinence, also called bowel incontinence, is the impaired ability to control the passage of bowel movements. This common problem can cause issues ranging from an occasional leakage of stool or gas to a total loss of bowel control. While not life-threatening, fecal incontinence can be an embarrassing issue that, if left untreated, can result in social isolation and a negative impact on quality of life. […] Common causes of fecal incontinence include muscle or nerve damage, which is often associated with aging or giving birth, but not always. […] Other causes of fecal incontinence include injury and disease: Muscle damage: Any damage or injury to the muscle rings at the end of the rectum can cause incontinence. Childbirth-related injury is the most common cause of fecal incontinence due to tears in the anal muscles during childbirth. Tears to the anal muscles may be noticeable right after childbirth but may also go unnoticed until problems arise later in life.

• #24 Fecal Incontinence: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/268674-overview

  Vaginal delivery is widely accepted as the most common predisposing factor to fecal incontinence in an otherwise young and healthy woman. Vaginal delivery may result in internal or external anal sphincter disruption, or may cause more subtle damage to the pudendal nerve through overstretching and/or prolonged compression and ischemia. […] Many studies support the theory that mechanical sphincter disruption contributes to fecal incontinence. Abramowitz et al found a de novo sphincter defect rate of 16.7% after vaginal delivery (14% with external, 1.7% internal, and 1% both). The overall anal incontinence rate was 9%, and 45% of these women had identifiable sphincter defects on anal endosonography. […] In addition, inadequate repairs of obstetric sphincter injuries may contribute to delayed symptoms of fecal incontinence. In a study of 34 women who sustained third-degree obstetric anal sphincter tears and 88 matched controls, Sultan et al found that approximately half the women (47%) who sustained a third-degree tear experienced some impairment of anal continence despite a primary repair.

• #25 Fecal incontinence treatment – Mankato – Mayo Clinic Health System

  https://www.mayoclinichealthsystem.org/locations/mankato/services-and-treatments/gastroenterology-and-hepatology/digestive-and-liver-disorders/fecal-incontinence

  Injury to the rings of muscle at the end of the rectum (anal sphincter) may make it difficult to hold stool back properly. This kind of damage can occur during childbirth, especially if you have an episiotomy or forceps are used during delivery. […] Injury to the nerves that sense stool in the rectum or those that control the anal sphincter can lead to fecal incontinence. The nerve damage can be caused by childbirth, constant straining during bowel movements, spinal cord injury or a stroke. Some diseases, such as diabetes and multiple sclerosis, also can affect these nerves and cause damage that leads to fecal incontinence. […] Fecal incontinence can be a result of this condition, in which the rectum drops down into the anus. The stretching of the rectal sphincter by prolapse damages the nerves that control the rectal sphincter. The longer this persists, the less likely the nerves and muscles will recover. […] In women, fecal incontinence can occur if the rectum protrudes through the vagina. […] Surgery to treat enlarged veins in the rectum or anus (hemorrhoids), as well as more-complex operations involving the rectum and anus, can cause muscle and nerve damage that leads to fecal incontinence.

• #26 Bowel incontinence – UF Health

  https://ufhealth.org/conditions-and-treatments/bowel-incontinence

  Bowel incontinence is the loss of bowel control, causing you to unexpectedly pass stool. This can range from sometimes leaking a small amount of stool and passing gas, to not being able to control bowel movements. […] The rectum, anus, pelvic muscles, and nervous system must work together to control bowel movements. If there is a problem with any of these, it can cause incontinence. […] Reasons people have bowel incontinence include: Ongoing (chronic) constipation. This causes the anal muscles and intestines to stretch and weaken, leading to diarrhea and stool leakage. […] Fecal impaction. It is most often caused by chronic constipation. This leads to a lump of stool that partly blocks the large intestine. […] Long-term laxative use. […] Colectomy or bowel surgery. […] Not sensing that it’s time to have a bowel movement.

• #27

  https://fascrs.org/patients/diseases-and-conditions/a-z/fecal-incontinence

  Fecal incontinence (also called anal or bowel incontinence) is the impaired ability to control the passage of gas or stool. This is a common problem, but often not discussed due to embarrassment. Failure to seek treatment can result in social isolation and a negative impact on quality of life. […] There are many causes of fecal incontinence such as injury, disease and age. […] The most common cause of fecal incontinence results from a tear in the anal muscles during childbirth. Additionally, the nerves controlling the anal muscles may also be injured, leading to incontinence. […] Anal operations or traumatic injury to the tissues near the anal region can damage the anal muscles and/or nerves and lessen bowel control. […] Some people gradually lose anal muscle strength as they age. A mild control problem may have existed when they were younger may progress later in life. […] Severe stroke, advanced dementia or spinal cord injury can cause lack of control of the anal muscles, resulting in incontinence.

• #28 Fecal Incontinence: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/268674-overview

  Pudendal nerve injury may also be a mechanism in fecal incontinence. The pudendal nerve innervates the external anal sphincter muscle, anal canal skin, and coordinates reflex pathways. […] In the Tetzschner study of women who sustained obstetric anal sphincter rupture during vaginal delivery, postpartum fecal incontinence was also associated with delayed PNTML of greater than 2.0 milliseconds. […] Successive vaginal deliveries increase the risk of developing fecal incontinence. Sultan et al demonstrated that 35% of primiparous women and 44% of multiparous women had sphincter disruption after delivery but were asymptomatic. […] Age may also play a role in the development of fecal incontinence. Haadem et al evaluated 49 continent, healthy women with a mean age of 51 years (range, 20-79 y). Anal manometry studies showed a decrease in maximum anal resting pressure and maximum squeeze pressure that was associated with age, irrespective of parity. […] Increasing age is also associated with slowed pudendal nerve conduction, perineal descent at rest, and decreased anorectal sensory function.

• #29 The 101 On Fecal Incontinence: Symptoms, Causes, And More | Bladder Centers of America – Urinary Incontinence Treatment in Phoenix, Arizona

  https://bladdercenter.com/fecal-incontinence-blog/

  Pelvic floor muscles that surround the rectum and anus can become damaged during a complex vaginal delivery when an episiotomy or a small incision is made between the tissue of the vaginal opening and the anal orifice to facilitate childbirth. […] Due to severe muscle damage or weakening of the pelvic floor during vaginal childbirth or severe constipation, the rectum slips down into the anal region. […] Rectocele, also known as posterior vaginal prolapse, is another pelvic floor prolapse condition that typically affects women. […] Anus-related surgical complications, difficult vaginal delivery, severe constipation, and spinal cord injury can damage the rectal nerves and cause fecal incontinence. […] Normally, the rectum, like other parts of the intestines, can stretch, which helps retain the formed stool until it is time to defecate. […] A few other etiologies of fecal incontinence include: Aging and subsequent weakening of the anal sphincter muscles, rectal muscles, and surrounding pelvic floor muscles.

• #30 Symptoms & Causes of Fecal Incontinence – NIDDK

  https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/bowel-control-problems-fecal-incontinence/symptoms-causes

  Fecal incontinence has many causes, including digestive tract disorders and chronic diseases. Some causes of fecal incontinence, such as childbirth by vaginal delivery, happen only in women. […] Diarrhea is the most common risk factor for fecal incontinence for people not staying in hospitals, nursing homes, or other similar institutions. […] Constipation can lead to large, hard stools that are difficult to pass. […] If the muscles in your anus, pelvic floor, or rectum are injured or weakened, they may not be able to keep your anus closed, letting stool leak out. […] If the nerves that control your anus, pelvic floor, and rectum are damaged, the muscles cant work the way they should. […] Neurologic diseases that affect the nerves of the anus, pelvic floor, or rectum can cause fecal incontinence.

• #31 What Foods Cause Bowel Leakage? Common Triggers | Physicians Alliance of Connecticut

  https://physiciansallianceofconnecticut.com/blog/what-foods-cause-bowel-leakage/

  Fecal incontinence is complex and typically a symptom of an underlying issue. Bowel leakage can occur alongside both diarrhea or constipation, so its important to talk to a doctor to determine the root cause. […] Fecal incontinence is usually a symptom of a broader issue, and many different causes could be at play. Thus, dietary changes for fecal incontinence are not a one-size-fits-all approach.

• #32 Bowel incontinence | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/stomach-liver-and-gastrointestinal-tract/bowel-incontinence/

  Watery stools can leak around the stool and out of the bottom, causing bowel incontinence. […] Its difficult for the rectum to hold liquid stools (diarrhoea), so people with diarrhoea (particularly recurring diarrhoea) can develop bowel incontinence. […] In severe cases, haemorrhoids may lead to bowel incontinence. […] Bowel incontinence happens if these muscles become weakened or damaged. […] Childbirth is a common cause of damage to the sphincter muscles and a leading cause of bowel incontinence. […] Bowel incontinence can also be caused by a problem with the nerves connecting the brain and the rectum. […] Damage to these nerves is related to a number of conditions, including diabetes, multiple sclerosis, stroke, spina bifida. […] In some cases, bowel incontinence may result from a health condition such as dementia or a severe learning disability that causes the person to lose bowel control.

• #33

  https://fascrs.org/patients/diseases-and-conditions/a-z/fecal-incontinence

  Fecal incontinence (also called anal or bowel incontinence) is the impaired ability to control the passage of gas or stool. This is a common problem, but often not discussed due to embarrassment. Failure to seek treatment can result in social isolation and a negative impact on quality of life. […] There are many causes of fecal incontinence such as injury, disease and age. […] The most common cause of fecal incontinence results from a tear in the anal muscles during childbirth. Additionally, the nerves controlling the anal muscles may also be injured, leading to incontinence. […] Anal operations or traumatic injury to the tissues near the anal region can damage the anal muscles and/or nerves and lessen bowel control. […] Some people gradually lose anal muscle strength as they age. A mild control problem may have existed when they were younger may progress later in life. […] Severe stroke, advanced dementia or spinal cord injury can cause lack of control of the anal muscles, resulting in incontinence.

• #34 Fecal Incontinence: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/268674-overview

  Vaginal delivery is widely accepted as the most common predisposing factor to fecal incontinence in an otherwise young and healthy woman. Vaginal delivery may result in internal or external anal sphincter disruption, or may cause more subtle damage to the pudendal nerve through overstretching and/or prolonged compression and ischemia. […] Many studies support the theory that mechanical sphincter disruption contributes to fecal incontinence. Abramowitz et al found a de novo sphincter defect rate of 16.7% after vaginal delivery (14% with external, 1.7% internal, and 1% both). The overall anal incontinence rate was 9%, and 45% of these women had identifiable sphincter defects on anal endosonography. […] In addition, inadequate repairs of obstetric sphincter injuries may contribute to delayed symptoms of fecal incontinence. In a study of 34 women who sustained third-degree obstetric anal sphincter tears and 88 matched controls, Sultan et al found that approximately half the women (47%) who sustained a third-degree tear experienced some impairment of anal continence despite a primary repair.

• #35 Fecal Incontinence: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/268674-overview

  Pudendal nerve injury may also be a mechanism in fecal incontinence. The pudendal nerve innervates the external anal sphincter muscle, anal canal skin, and coordinates reflex pathways. […] In the Tetzschner study of women who sustained obstetric anal sphincter rupture during vaginal delivery, postpartum fecal incontinence was also associated with delayed PNTML of greater than 2.0 milliseconds. […] Successive vaginal deliveries increase the risk of developing fecal incontinence. Sultan et al demonstrated that 35% of primiparous women and 44% of multiparous women had sphincter disruption after delivery but were asymptomatic. […] Age may also play a role in the development of fecal incontinence. Haadem et al evaluated 49 continent, healthy women with a mean age of 51 years (range, 20-79 y). Anal manometry studies showed a decrease in maximum anal resting pressure and maximum squeeze pressure that was associated with age, irrespective of parity. […] Increasing age is also associated with slowed pudendal nerve conduction, perineal descent at rest, and decreased anorectal sensory function.

• #36 Bowel Incontinence in Women | Gynecology | Henry Ford Health – Detroit, MI

  https://www.henryford.com/services/gynecology/treatments/bowel-incontinence

  Bowel incontinence (also called fecal incontinence) is most common in post-menopausal women. But the condition affects both men and women and can happen at any age. […] Although bowel incontinence in women does become more common with age, it is not a normal part of getting older. There are many factors that can increase your risk, including: […] Chronic constipation: Frequently straining to have a bowel movement can stretch and weaken muscles in the rectum. […] Chronic diarrhea: Loose, watery stool is easier to pass, so its more likely to result accidental bowel leakage. […] Hemorrhoids: Hemorrhoids are swollen veins in your rectum. They can make it difficult for your anus to completely shut, leading to bowel leakage. […] Nerve damage: There are nerves that help you sense when you need to have a bowel movement. Other nerves signal the anal sphincter (the muscle surrounding your anus) to relax so stools can pass. Damage to any of these nerves (from childbirth or a medical condition) can lead to bowel incontinence.

• #37

  https://www.hingehealth.com/resources/articles/fecal-incontinence/

  Injury to the nerves that sense stool in your rectum or those that control your anus, pelvic floor, and rectum can lead to fecal incontinence. […] Vaginal deliveries sometimes cause injuries to the anal sphincter, which can lead to fecal incontinence. […] Scarring, sclerosis, and inflammation from rectal surgery, radiation therapy in the pelvic area, or inflammatory bowel disease can cause the rectum to become stiff. […] Over time, straining from constipation can weaken pelvic floor muscles and stretch rectal muscles, allowing watery stools that build up behind the hard stool to leak out. […] Loose, liquid stools can fill your rectum quickly, and are harder to hold in than solid stools. […] Swollen veins in the rectum can keep the muscles around your anus from closing completely, which lets small amounts of stool or mucus leak out.

• #38 Causes of Incontinence – About Incontinence

  https://aboutincontinence.org/what-is-incontinence/causes-of-incontinence/

  Bowel control can be overwhelmed by a sudden or urgent need to pass loose stool, especially if muscle or nerve function is also impaired. […] Long-term constipation can lead to the formation of a hard mass of stool in the colon. Liquid stool can seep around the mass and be difficult to control. […] If pelvic floor function is disturbed, normal bowel control may be disrupted. An inability to adequately relax the pelvic floor muscles during defecation may lead to incomplete evacuation, which may also predispose to fecal incontinence. […] Rectal surgery, radiation treatments for pelvic or colon cancers, and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) can cause inflammation as well as scarring that stiffens the normally elastic walls of the rectum and lead to urgency and fecal incontinence.

• #39 Fecal incontinence treatment – Mankato – Mayo Clinic Health System

  https://www.mayoclinichealthsystem.org/locations/mankato/services-and-treatments/gastroenterology-and-hepatology/digestive-and-liver-disorders/fecal-incontinence

  Chronic constipation may cause a dry, hard mass of stool (impacted stool) to form in the rectum and become too large to pass. The muscles of the rectum and intestines stretch and eventually weaken, allowing watery stool from farther up the digestive tract to move around the impacted stool and leak out. Chronic constipation may also cause nerve damage that leads to fecal incontinence. […] Solid stool is easier to retain in the rectum than is loose stool, so the loose stools of diarrhea can cause or worsen fecal incontinence. […] When the veins in your rectum swell, causing hemorrhoids, this keeps your anus from closing completely, which can allow stool to leak out. […] Normally, the rectum stretches to accommodate stool. If your rectum is scarred or stiff due to surgery, radiation treatment or inflammatory bowel disease, the rectum can’t stretch as much as it needs to, and excess stool can leak out.

• #40 Patient education: Fecal incontinence (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/fecal-incontinence-beyond-the-basics

  Neurologic causes — Neurologic disorders such as diabetes, multiple sclerosis, and spinal cord injury can decrease sensation and control over the lower digestive tract. Nerve damage during vaginal childbirth can also decrease anal sphincter function. […] Decreased distensibility of the rectum — Conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease (eg, Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis) and radiation-induced inflammation of the rectum (radiation proctitis) can impair the rectum’s ability to expand and store fecal matter. […] Fecal impaction — When hardened feces accumulates in the rectum, this can cause the anal sphincters to relax and allow liquid stool to escape around the blockage. Fecal impaction is a common cause of incontinence in older adults. Factors that make impaction more likely include certain mental health conditions, immobility, and loss of rectal sensation.

• #41 Fecal incontinence treatment – Mankato – Mayo Clinic Health System

  https://www.mayoclinichealthsystem.org/locations/mankato/services-and-treatments/gastroenterology-and-hepatology/digestive-and-liver-disorders/fecal-incontinence

  Injury to the rings of muscle at the end of the rectum (anal sphincter) may make it difficult to hold stool back properly. This kind of damage can occur during childbirth, especially if you have an episiotomy or forceps are used during delivery. […] Injury to the nerves that sense stool in the rectum or those that control the anal sphincter can lead to fecal incontinence. The nerve damage can be caused by childbirth, constant straining during bowel movements, spinal cord injury or a stroke. Some diseases, such as diabetes and multiple sclerosis, also can affect these nerves and cause damage that leads to fecal incontinence. […] Fecal incontinence can be a result of this condition, in which the rectum drops down into the anus. The stretching of the rectal sphincter by prolapse damages the nerves that control the rectal sphincter. The longer this persists, the less likely the nerves and muscles will recover. […] In women, fecal incontinence can occur if the rectum protrudes through the vagina. […] Surgery to treat enlarged veins in the rectum or anus (hemorrhoids), as well as more-complex operations involving the rectum and anus, can cause muscle and nerve damage that leads to fecal incontinence.

• #42 Bowel incontinence: Symptoms, treatment, and prevention

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/165583

  Bowel incontinence can happen for a number of reasons: […] People are more likely to have fecal bowel incontinence if they have: […] The sphincter muscles do not work as they should. Childbirth can cause the sphincter muscles to become stretched and torn, especially if forceps or other devices are used during delivery, or if the mother had an episiotomy. A complication of bowel or rectal surgery and some other types of injury can also cause damage to the sphincter muscles. […] Diarrhea can make it difficult for the rectum to hold the stools. Recurring diarrhea, due, for example, to Crohn’s disease, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), or ulcerative colitis, can lead to scarring in the rectum and bowel incontinence. […] Constipation can lead to bowel incontinence. If solid stool becomes impacted, it may be too hard to come out. The muscles of the rectum can stretch and weaken, and watery stools may then leak around the impacted stool and seep out of the anus. This is called overflow of the bowel.

• #43 Fecal incontinence treatment – Mankato – Mayo Clinic Health System

  https://www.mayoclinichealthsystem.org/locations/mankato/services-and-treatments/gastroenterology-and-hepatology/digestive-and-liver-disorders/fecal-incontinence

  Injury to the rings of muscle at the end of the rectum (anal sphincter) may make it difficult to hold stool back properly. This kind of damage can occur during childbirth, especially if you have an episiotomy or forceps are used during delivery. […] Injury to the nerves that sense stool in the rectum or those that control the anal sphincter can lead to fecal incontinence. The nerve damage can be caused by childbirth, constant straining during bowel movements, spinal cord injury or a stroke. Some diseases, such as diabetes and multiple sclerosis, also can affect these nerves and cause damage that leads to fecal incontinence. […] Fecal incontinence can be a result of this condition, in which the rectum drops down into the anus. The stretching of the rectal sphincter by prolapse damages the nerves that control the rectal sphincter. The longer this persists, the less likely the nerves and muscles will recover. […] In women, fecal incontinence can occur if the rectum protrudes through the vagina. […] Surgery to treat enlarged veins in the rectum or anus (hemorrhoids), as well as more-complex operations involving the rectum and anus, can cause muscle and nerve damage that leads to fecal incontinence.

• #44 Fecal (Bowel) Incontinence: What It Is, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/14574-fecal-bowel-incontinence

  Pelvic organ prolapse (POP): POP is when weakened pelvic muscles cant fully support your pelvic organs. These organs include your rectum, vagina, uterus and bladder. As a result, the organs slip or sag. A rectal prolapse occurs when your rectum falls into your anus. A rectocele occurs when your rectum slips onto your vaginas back wall. Both forms of prolapse can lead to fecal incontinence.

• #45 Symptoms & Causes of Fecal Incontinence – NIDDK

  https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/bowel-control-problems-fecal-incontinence/symptoms-causes

  If your rectum is scarred or inflamed, it becomes stiff and cant stretch as much to hold stool. […] Hemorrhoids can keep the muscles around your anus from closing completely, which lets small amounts of stool or mucus to leak out. […] Rectal prolapsea condition that causes your rectum to drop down through your anuscan also keep the muscles around your anus from closing completely, which lets small amounts of stool or mucus leak out. […] Childbirth sometimes causes injuries to the anal sphincters, which can cause fecal incontinence. […] For children older than age 4, the most common cause of fecal incontinence is constipation with a large amount of stool in the rectum. […] Birth defects of the anus, rectum, or colon, such as Hirschsprung disease, can cause fecal incontinence in children.

• #46 Fecal incontinence, Osseo – Mayo Clinic Health System

  https://www.mayoclinichealthsystem.org/locations/osseo/services-and-treatments/gastroenterology-and-hepatology/digestive-disorders/fecal-incontinence

  When the veins in your rectum swell, causing hemorrhoids, this keeps your anus from closing completely, which can allow stool to leak out. […] Normally, the rectum stretches to accommodate stool. If your rectum is scarred or stiff due to surgery, radiation treatment or inflammatory bowel disease, the rectum can’t stretch as much as it needs to, and excess stool can leak out. […] Injury to the rings of muscle at the end of the rectum (anal sphincter) may make it difficult to hold stool back properly. This kind of damage can occur during childbirth, especially if you have an episiotomy or forceps are used during delivery. […] Injury to the nerves that sense stool in the rectum or those that control the anal sphincter can lead to fecal incontinence. The nerve damage can be caused by childbirth, constant straining during bowel movements, spinal cord injury or a stroke. Some diseases, such as diabetes and multiple sclerosis, also can affect these nerves and cause damage that leads to fecal incontinence.

• #47 What Causes Fecal Incontinence? And How Can You Get Care?

  https://share.upmc.com/2024/02/causes-of-fecal-incontinence/

  Fecal incontinence is upsetting and embarrassing, but its not uncommon. If it happens to you frequently, its important to talk to your health care provider to find out what causes fecal incontinence and how to treat it. […] Although its not a normal part of aging, fecal incontinence is more common in older adults. You might have a higher risk if you: […] Health conditions that affect your digestive tract or pelvic floor can lead to bowel leakage. These are some of the most common causes. […] Loose, watery stools can fill your rectum quickly. Its harder to hold diarrhea than solid stools, so its more likely to leak. Diarrhea is one of the top causes of fecal incontinence. […] It might sound counterintuitive, but constipation is another leading cause of fecal incontinence. […] Your pelvic floor muscles form a sling that reaches from your pubic bone in front to your tailbone in back. They support the organs in your pelvis, including your large intestine, rectum, and anus, and help control your bowel movements. […] Nerves help control your entire digestive tract, including your rectum and anus. They also control your pelvic floor muscles and allow you to feel the urge to have a bowel movement. Damage or injury to the nerves that control these organs can cause fecal incontinence.

• #48 Fecal (Bowel) Incontinence: What It Is, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/14574-fecal-bowel-incontinence

  Pelvic organ prolapse (POP): POP is when weakened pelvic muscles cant fully support your pelvic organs. These organs include your rectum, vagina, uterus and bladder. As a result, the organs slip or sag. A rectal prolapse occurs when your rectum falls into your anus. A rectocele occurs when your rectum slips onto your vaginas back wall. Both forms of prolapse can lead to fecal incontinence.

• #49 Bowel incontinence

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/bowel-incontinence/

  Bowel incontinence can happen for lots of reasons and is common. Try not to be embarrassed. […] You may get it for reasons such as if you: […] have weaker muscles around your bottom this can happen as you get older or because of things like hormonal changes or childbirth […] have a health condition that affects your digestive system such as constipation, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) or Crohn’s disease […] have a health condition that makes you less aware of when you need to poo, such as dementia, a learning disability, a stroke or damage to the nerves in your spine. […] It can be a result of more than one of these things.

• #50 Causes of Incontinence – About Incontinence

  https://aboutincontinence.org/what-is-incontinence/causes-of-incontinence/

  Bowel control can be overwhelmed by a sudden or urgent need to pass loose stool, especially if muscle or nerve function is also impaired. […] Long-term constipation can lead to the formation of a hard mass of stool in the colon. Liquid stool can seep around the mass and be difficult to control. […] If pelvic floor function is disturbed, normal bowel control may be disrupted. An inability to adequately relax the pelvic floor muscles during defecation may lead to incomplete evacuation, which may also predispose to fecal incontinence. […] Rectal surgery, radiation treatments for pelvic or colon cancers, and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) can cause inflammation as well as scarring that stiffens the normally elastic walls of the rectum and lead to urgency and fecal incontinence.

• #51 Symptoms & Causes of Fecal Incontinence – NIDDK

  https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/bowel-control-problems-fecal-incontinence/symptoms-causes

  If your rectum is scarred or inflamed, it becomes stiff and cant stretch as much to hold stool. […] Hemorrhoids can keep the muscles around your anus from closing completely, which lets small amounts of stool or mucus to leak out. […] Rectal prolapsea condition that causes your rectum to drop down through your anuscan also keep the muscles around your anus from closing completely, which lets small amounts of stool or mucus leak out. […] Childbirth sometimes causes injuries to the anal sphincters, which can cause fecal incontinence. […] For children older than age 4, the most common cause of fecal incontinence is constipation with a large amount of stool in the rectum. […] Birth defects of the anus, rectum, or colon, such as Hirschsprung disease, can cause fecal incontinence in children.

• #52 Fecal Incontinence – Diagnosis, Evaluation and Treatment

  https://www.radiologyinfo.org/en/info/fecal-incontinence

  Hirschsprung disease may also cause true fecal incontinence. This is a congenital disease in which nerve cells are missing from the muscles in the rectum or colon. This results in problems with passing stool. […] Encopresis or „pseudo-incontinence.” Developmental or emotional issues may also cause an inability to control bowel movements. It occurs in children who resist having bowel movements. This causes stools to collect in the colon and rectum. When stools become hard, the rectal muscles may weaken, and liquid feces may leak around the hard stools and out of the body. The term encopresis means involuntary spilling of stool outside of the body due to fecal incontinence.

• #53 Fecal Incontinence (Soiling): Causes, Treatment and Prognosis | Nationwide Children’s Hospital

  https://www.nationwidechildrens.org/conditions/fecal-incontinence

  Fecal incontinence can be caused by medical conditions like chronic constipation or congenital conditions that may disrupt bowel control, including: spina bifida, anorectal malformations and Hirschsprung disease. […] True fecal incontinence occurs in children who do not have the normal mechanisms needed for controlling their bowel movements. Typically, these children have: anorectal malformations (imperforate anus), Hirschsprung disease, spinal problems. […] These conditions may have prevented their bodies from developing normal bowel structures or control of those structures. […] Pseudoincontinence or encopresis typically occurs in children with the ability to toilet train but who have developed severe, chronic constipation. […] It can also occur in children with anatomical abnormalities that predispose them to developing constipation. […] Fecal incontinence can be caused by medical conditions like chronic constipation or congenital conditions that may disrupt bowel control, including: spina bifida, anorectal malformations and Hirschsprung disease.

• #54 Bowel Incontinence (Fecal Incontinence): Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/bowel-incontinence

  Bowel incontinence (also called fecal incontinence) is when youre not able to control your bowel movements. […] The most common cause of bowel incontinence is damage to the muscles around the anus (anal sphincters). Vaginal childbirth can damage the anal sphincters or their nerves. That’s why women are affected by accidental bowel leakage about twice as often as men. […] Anal surgery can also damage the anal sphincters or nerves, leading to bowel incontinence. […] Other potential causes of bowel incontinence include: Diarrhea (often due to an infection or irritable bowel syndrome), Impacted stool (due to severe constipation, often in older adults), Inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis), Nerve damage (due to diabetes, spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, or other conditions), Radiation damage to the rectum (such as after treatment for prostate cancer), Cognitive (thinking) impairment (such as after a stroke or advanced Alzheimer’s disease), Rectal prolapse, where your rectum drops down into your anus, Rectocele, a condition in women where your rectum pushes through your vagina, Loss of stretch of the rectum, which can happen with scarring and stiffening after surgery, radiation treatment, or inflammatory bowel disease. […] Its common to have more than one cause of bowel incontinence. Doctors sometimes are unable to determine the cause.

• #55 Fecal Incontinence: Symptoms & Causes | NewYork-Presbyterian

  https://www.nyp.org/womens/urogynecology/fecal-incontinence

  Fecal incontinence is a condition in which you cannot control your bowel movements. […] There may be more than one cause of fecal incontinence. Some of the most common causes include: Complications of vaginal childbirth, Rectocele, a condition in some women that happens when the rectum protrudes through the vagina, A nervous system injury or disorder, such as multiple sclerosis, Chronic constipation, Inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis), An abscess or inflammation around the anus, Damage to the anal sphincter, the muscle that controls the opening and closing of the anus, Prior surgery or radiation therapy to the anal area, Hemorrhoids (swelling of veins in the rectum), Rectal prolapse, where the rectum sags into the anus. […] Several factors may increase your risk of developing fecal incontinence. Fecal incontinence is most common in people over age 65. Lack of physical activity can increase risk. People with certain chronic muscle, neurologic, or digestive diseases or health problems, such as diabetes or multiple sclerosis, are more likely to experience fecal incontinence. Vaginal childbirth and taking hormone replacement therapy in menopause both increase the risk of fecal incontinence. People with certain birth defects of the spinal cord, anus, or rectum may have fecal incontinence.

• #56 Fecal Incontinence: Symptoms & Causes | NewYork-Presbyterian

  https://www.nyp.org/womens/urogynecology/fecal-incontinence

  Fecal incontinence is a condition in which you cannot control your bowel movements. […] There may be more than one cause of fecal incontinence. Some of the most common causes include: Complications of vaginal childbirth, Rectocele, a condition in some women that happens when the rectum protrudes through the vagina, A nervous system injury or disorder, such as multiple sclerosis, Chronic constipation, Inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis), An abscess or inflammation around the anus, Damage to the anal sphincter, the muscle that controls the opening and closing of the anus, Prior surgery or radiation therapy to the anal area, Hemorrhoids (swelling of veins in the rectum), Rectal prolapse, where the rectum sags into the anus. […] Several factors may increase your risk of developing fecal incontinence. Fecal incontinence is most common in people over age 65. Lack of physical activity can increase risk. People with certain chronic muscle, neurologic, or digestive diseases or health problems, such as diabetes or multiple sclerosis, are more likely to experience fecal incontinence. Vaginal childbirth and taking hormone replacement therapy in menopause both increase the risk of fecal incontinence. People with certain birth defects of the spinal cord, anus, or rectum may have fecal incontinence.

• #57 Faecal incontinence | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/faecal-incontinence

  Faecal incontinence is when you have trouble controlling your bowel. […] There are several causes and risk factors. […] Faecal incontinence often has several different causes. It can be related to: weak pelvic floor muscles (for example, due to previous pregnancy or surgery), complications from previous vaginal childbirth, constipation, diarrhoea, other problems with your anus, rectum (back passage) or bowel. […] Other conditions that can increase your risk of faecal incontinence are: conditions that affect your nerves, dementia, inflammatory bowel disease, haemorrhoids, rectal prolapse, previous surgery to your bowel, rectum or anus, previous radiotherapy to your pelvis. […] You may also have faecal incontinence if you have mobility issues that make it hard to get to the toilet in time.

• #58 Fecal Incontinence: Symptoms & Causes | NewYork-Presbyterian

  https://www.nyp.org/womens/urogynecology/fecal-incontinence

  Fecal incontinence is a condition in which you cannot control your bowel movements. […] There may be more than one cause of fecal incontinence. Some of the most common causes include: Complications of vaginal childbirth, Rectocele, a condition in some women that happens when the rectum protrudes through the vagina, A nervous system injury or disorder, such as multiple sclerosis, Chronic constipation, Inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis), An abscess or inflammation around the anus, Damage to the anal sphincter, the muscle that controls the opening and closing of the anus, Prior surgery or radiation therapy to the anal area, Hemorrhoids (swelling of veins in the rectum), Rectal prolapse, where the rectum sags into the anus. […] Several factors may increase your risk of developing fecal incontinence. Fecal incontinence is most common in people over age 65. Lack of physical activity can increase risk. People with certain chronic muscle, neurologic, or digestive diseases or health problems, such as diabetes or multiple sclerosis, are more likely to experience fecal incontinence. Vaginal childbirth and taking hormone replacement therapy in menopause both increase the risk of fecal incontinence. People with certain birth defects of the spinal cord, anus, or rectum may have fecal incontinence.

• #59 Bowel incontinence: Symptoms, treatment, and prevention

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/165583

  Other causes include: […] Certain foods can foods cause diarrhea and worsen the symptoms of fecal incontinence in some people. Examples include spicy, fatty, or greasy foods, cured or smoked meats, and dairy products for those with a lactose intolerance. […] Drinks containing caffeine or artificial sweeteners may act as laxatives.

• #60 Bowel incontinence: Symptoms, treatment, and prevention

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/165583

  Other causes include: […] Certain foods can foods cause diarrhea and worsen the symptoms of fecal incontinence in some people. Examples include spicy, fatty, or greasy foods, cured or smoked meats, and dairy products for those with a lactose intolerance. […] Drinks containing caffeine or artificial sweeteners may act as laxatives.

• #61 Fecal incontinence – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/fecal-incontinence/symptoms-causes/syc-20351397

  Fecal incontinence is accidental passing of solid or liquid stool. […] Common causes of fecal incontinence include diarrhea, constipation, and muscle or nerve damage. […] For many people, there is more than one cause of fecal incontinence. […] Causes may include: […] Diarrhea and constipation. Very soft and very hard stools can lead to fecal incontinence. […] Damaged or weakened muscles. The muscles of the anus, rectum and pelvic floor control the holding and passing of stool. Damaged or weak muscles can cause fecal incontinence. […] Nervous system disorders. Injury or illness can affect how the nerves and muscles of the anus, rectum or pelvis work. […] Physical problems of the anus or rectum. Irregular physical changes in the anus or rectum can contribute to fecal incontinence.

• #62 Fecal incontinence – Knowledge @ AMBOSS

  https://www.amboss.com/us/knowledge/fecal-incontinence/

  Fecal incontinence is the involuntary passage of feces over a period of 3 months. The etiology of fecal incontinence is frequently multifactorial; causes include anal disorders (e.g., anal sphincter weakness following obstetric injury), rectal disorders (e.g., rectal cancer), neurological conditions (e.g., spinal cord injury), and/or abnormal stool consistency (e.g., diarrhea). Fecal incontinence is multifactorial in 80% of patients. […] Anal sphincter weakness or injury, obstetric nerve injuries and obstetric lacerations (due to, e.g., instrumental delivery, prolonged second stage of labor), proctology and gynecology surgical procedures (e.g., fistula surgery; , hemorrhoidectomy, hysterectomy), systemic sclerosis, and medications (e.g., antianginal medications, antihypertensives) are among the causes.

• #63 Bowel incontinence guide

  https://www.hartmanndirect.co.uk/advice-centre/incontinence/bowel-incontinence-guide

  Bowel incontinence (faecal incontinence), is the loss of bowel control, leading to involuntary stool leakages. This condition can range from occasionally leaking a small quantity of stool while passing gas to having a complete loss of bowel control. […] The causes of bowel incontinence are varied, including nerve damage, muscle damage, or both. Conditions such as diabetes, childbirth, and neurological disorders like multiple sclerosis or spinal injuries can impair the nerves or muscles controlling bowel movements. Chronic constipation can also contribute to this condition by stretching and weakening the muscles meant to hold stool, leading to what is known as overflow incontinence. […] Muscle or nerve impairments are common culprits behind bowel leakage. Such damage can be due to: […] Childbirth: Vaginal deliveries can damage the muscles or nerves around the anus, leading to faecal incontinence.

• #64 Treatments for Fecal Incontinence | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program

  https://effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/products/fecal-incontinence/consumer

  How common is FI? About 1 out of every 12 people in the United States has FI. That is equal to almost 18 million people. […] Many people feel embarrassed and upset about their FI. They may avoid social situations because they are afraid of leaking stool. FI can severely limit a person’s ability to enjoy work or activities. Untreated FI can lead to skin rashes, infections, and other problems.

• #65 Fecal Incontinence – Causes and Treatment | familydoctor.org

  https://familydoctor.org/condition/fecal-incontinence/

  Fecal incontinence is the inability to control bowel movements. This leads to stool (feces) leaking from the rectum at unexpected times. It is more common in women and in the elderly of both sexes. […] Bowel function is controlled by 3 things: anal sphincter pressure, rectal sensation, and rectal storage capacity. The anal sphincter is a muscle that contracts to prevent stool from leaving the rectum. This muscle is critical in maintaining continence. Rectal sensation tells a person that stool is in the rectum and that it is time to go to the bathroom. The rectum can stretch and hold stool for some time after a person becomes aware that the stool is there. This is the rectal storage capacity. […] Muscle damage is involved in most cases of fecal incontinence. For some people, this damage occurs during childbirth. It’s especially likely to happen in a difficult delivery that uses forceps or an episiotomy. An episiotomy is when a cut is made to enlarge the opening to the vagina before delivery. Muscle damage can also occur during rectal surgery, such as surgery for hemorrhoids. It may also occur in people who have inflammatory bowel disease or a perirectal abscess.

• #66 Fecal Incontinence – Causes and Treatment | familydoctor.org

  https://familydoctor.org/condition/fecal-incontinence/

  Fecal incontinence is the inability to control bowel movements. This leads to stool (feces) leaking from the rectum at unexpected times. It is more common in women and in the elderly of both sexes. […] Bowel function is controlled by 3 things: anal sphincter pressure, rectal sensation, and rectal storage capacity. The anal sphincter is a muscle that contracts to prevent stool from leaving the rectum. This muscle is critical in maintaining continence. Rectal sensation tells a person that stool is in the rectum and that it is time to go to the bathroom. The rectum can stretch and hold stool for some time after a person becomes aware that the stool is there. This is the rectal storage capacity. […] Muscle damage is involved in most cases of fecal incontinence. For some people, this damage occurs during childbirth. It’s especially likely to happen in a difficult delivery that uses forceps or an episiotomy. An episiotomy is when a cut is made to enlarge the opening to the vagina before delivery. Muscle damage can also occur during rectal surgery, such as surgery for hemorrhoids. It may also occur in people who have inflammatory bowel disease or a perirectal abscess.

• #67 Faecal incontinence: what it is, symptoms and causes – THDLAB – COM | THD

  https://www.thdlab.com/patients/diseases/faecal-incontinence

  Faecal incontinence is the difficulty in controlling the leakage of faeces and intestinal gases. […] The term faecal incontinence indicates the difficulty in controlling the leakage of solid stools, liquid stools or intestinal gases. […] Faeces continence is the result of a complex synergy between different factors and it involves: the internal anal sphincter muscle, the external anal sphincter muscle, the levator ani muscle, pelvic floor muscles, the anorectal canal, stool consistency, neurological functions, and haemorrhoids. […] Diseases or lesions which alter how one or more of these factors function can lead to the onset of faecal incontinence. In fact, among the most frequent causes of faecal incontinence we find: sphincter weakness or lesion, nerve lesion in the anorectal area, loss of elasticity of the rectum, pelvic floor dysfunctions, neurological diseases and cognitive disorders, haemorrhoidal disease, rectal prolapse, constipation or diarrhoea, and old age.

• #68 Fecal incontinence treatment – Mankato – Mayo Clinic Health System

  https://www.mayoclinichealthsystem.org/locations/mankato/services-and-treatments/gastroenterology-and-hepatology/digestive-and-liver-disorders/fecal-incontinence

  Fecal incontinence is the inability to control bowel movements, causing stool (feces) to leak unexpectedly from the rectum. Also called bowel incontinence, fecal incontinence ranges from an occasional leakage of stool while passing gas to a complete loss of bowel control. […] Fecal incontinence may occur temporarily during an occasional bout of diarrhea. But for some people, fecal incontinence is chronic or recurring. People with this condition may be unable to stop the urge to defecate, which comes on so suddenly that they don’t make it to the toilet in time. This is called urge incontinence. […] Another type of fecal incontinence occurs in people who are not aware of the need to pass stool. This is called passive incontinence. […] For many people, there is more than one cause of fecal incontinence. Causes can include:

• #69 Passive Bowel Incontinence | Incontinence Institute

  https://myconfidentlife.com/bowel-incontinence/passive-bowel-incontinence

  With passive bowel incontinence, the brain fails to send a warning that the rectum is full and the person does not feel the urge to open their bowels. […] Although the causes of passive incontinence vary, it is usually caused by the body’s inability to control the bowel. The most common causes of passive incontinence are: Rectum problems, Nerve damage, Sphincter muscle issues, Other issues such as constipation, diarrhea, and hemorrhoids. […] The causes of Passive incontinence may be corrected through simple lifestyle and dietary changes. Overall, it is very treatable.

• #70 Fecal Incontinence – Causes and Treatment | familydoctor.org

  https://familydoctor.org/condition/fecal-incontinence/

  Fecal incontinence is the inability to control bowel movements. This leads to stool (feces) leaking from the rectum at unexpected times. It is more common in women and in the elderly of both sexes. […] Bowel function is controlled by 3 things: anal sphincter pressure, rectal sensation, and rectal storage capacity. The anal sphincter is a muscle that contracts to prevent stool from leaving the rectum. This muscle is critical in maintaining continence. Rectal sensation tells a person that stool is in the rectum and that it is time to go to the bathroom. The rectum can stretch and hold stool for some time after a person becomes aware that the stool is there. This is the rectal storage capacity. […] Muscle damage is involved in most cases of fecal incontinence. For some people, this damage occurs during childbirth. It’s especially likely to happen in a difficult delivery that uses forceps or an episiotomy. An episiotomy is when a cut is made to enlarge the opening to the vagina before delivery. Muscle damage can also occur during rectal surgery, such as surgery for hemorrhoids. It may also occur in people who have inflammatory bowel disease or a perirectal abscess.

• #71 Urology & Continence Care Today – Article: Faecal incontinence – a forgotten symptom: part 2 – Urology and Continence Care Today

  https://www.ucc-today.com/journals/issue/launch-edition/article/faecal-incontinence–a-forgotten-symptom-part-2

  There are many underlying causes for faecal incontinence (FI) and for some individuals these are multifactorial. […] Non-traumatic causes are the most prevalent and are due to anal sphincter or evacuatory dysfunction, namely: […] Neurological disorders: individuals with neurological disorders may have abnormal anorectal reflexes, reduced or absent sensation, muscle control or both […] Chronic constipation: constant straining can gradually stretch the pelvic floor and rectal muscles so that they get weaker and can no longer control the passage of stool or wind. […] Anal conditions: i.e. haemorrhoids, which are swollen veins in the rectum. […] Obstetric trauma during childbirth: the muscles of the anal canal can be stretched or torn during vaginal childbirth, which can lead to anal sphincter or pudendal nerve damage or both.

• #72 Fecal Incontinence | Denver | Lone Tree | CU Urogynecology

  https://urogyn.coloradowomenshealth.com/conditions/colon-bowel/fecal-incontinence.html

  Fecal incontinence is caused by various medical problems, including diarrhea, muscle damage or weakness, nerve damage, spinal conditions, constipation, pelvic floor dysfunction, irritable bowel disease and cognitive impairment. […] Certain conditions that cause weakness or lack of coordination in this system can result in FI, such as: […] Nerve damage to the pudendal nerves that help regulate the anal sphincter muscles may cause them not to hold properly. […] Injury to external or internal sphincter muscles can weaken the ability of the anus to close and prevent stool leakage. […] Constipation can lead to hard, large stools that get lodged in the rectum, with watery stools building up behind them and leaking out around them. […] Loss of stretch in the rectum, resulting from radiation treatment, rectal surgery, inflamed bowel disease or ulcerative colitis, can cause scarring that limits the rectums stretching ability, leading to FI. […] Pelvic floor dysfunction, which is an abnormality in the pelvic floor muscles and nerves, causes FI by impairing the rectums sensing ability, impairing muscle contractions, causing the rectum to drop down through the anus or the vagina, and/or weakening the pelvic floor.

• #73 Bowel incontinence | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/stomach-liver-and-gastrointestinal-tract/bowel-incontinence/

  Bowel incontinence is a symptom of an underlying problem or medical condition. […] Many cases are caused by diarrhoea, constipation, or weakening of the muscle that controls the opening of the anus. […] It can also be caused by long-term conditions such as diabetes, multiple sclerosis and dementia. […] Bowel incontinence is usually caused by a physical problem with the parts of the body that control the bowel. […] The most common problems are: problems with the rectum the rectum is unable to retain poo properly until its time to go to the toilet, problems with the sphincter muscles the muscles at the bottom of the rectum dont work properly, nerve damage the nerve signals sent from the rectum dont reach the brain. […] Constipation is a leading cause of bowel incontinence. […] In cases of severe constipation, a large, solid stool can become stuck in the rectum.

• #74 Bowel incontinence | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/stomach-liver-and-gastrointestinal-tract/bowel-incontinence/

  Watery stools can leak around the stool and out of the bottom, causing bowel incontinence. […] Its difficult for the rectum to hold liquid stools (diarrhoea), so people with diarrhoea (particularly recurring diarrhoea) can develop bowel incontinence. […] In severe cases, haemorrhoids may lead to bowel incontinence. […] Bowel incontinence happens if these muscles become weakened or damaged. […] Childbirth is a common cause of damage to the sphincter muscles and a leading cause of bowel incontinence. […] Bowel incontinence can also be caused by a problem with the nerves connecting the brain and the rectum. […] Damage to these nerves is related to a number of conditions, including diabetes, multiple sclerosis, stroke, spina bifida. […] In some cases, bowel incontinence may result from a health condition such as dementia or a severe learning disability that causes the person to lose bowel control.

• #75 Fecal Incontinence – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459128/

  Fecal incontinence is the inability to control bowel movements, leading to the involuntary release of gas or stool. Numerous factors, including muscle or nerve damage, digestive disorders, and other underlying medical conditions, can contribute to its development. […] Causes of fecal incontinence include: Central nervous system disease or injury, Autonomic nervous system disease or injury, Inflammatory bowel disease, Irritable bowel syndrome, Diabetes mellitus, Multiple sclerosis, Cerebrovascular accident, Anal surgery, Spinal cord trauma, Vaginal delivery. […] Any pathology that interferes with these processes, like trauma, stroke, vaginal delivery, or paralysis, can result in fecal incontinence.

• #76 Fecal incontinence in adults: Etiology and evaluation – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/fecal-incontinence-in-adults-etiology-and-evaluation

  Fecal incontinence refers to the involuntary loss of solid or liquid feces, whereas anal incontinence is a more general term that also includes loss of flatus. This topic will review the etiology and evaluation of fecal incontinence in adults. […] Estimates of the prevalence of fecal incontinence vary depending on the definition used and the study population. Studies likely underestimate the prevalence of fecal incontinence, as many patients are reluctant to report it. […] Chronic fecal incontinence can be caused by prior childbirth, prior anorectal trauma, medical conditions, medication-related issues, fecal impaction, or can be idiopathic.

• #77 Accidental Bowel Leakage | ACOG

  https://www.acog.org/womens-health/faqs/accidental-bowel-leakage

  Accidental bowel leakage (ABL) is the loss of normal control of your bowels. It also is called fecal incontinence or anal incontinence. This condition leads to leakage of solid stool, liquid stool, mucus, or gas. […] ABL can be caused by digestive disorders, including: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), Other chronic diseases. […] In some women, bowel control problems often are the result of vaginal childbirth. As the fetus passes through the vagina, the muscles and tissues of the rectum may be stretched or torn. The anal sphincter also can be injured during vaginal delivery. […] Some other common factors that may put you at high risk of ABL include: Chronic constipation, Diarrhea, Increased number of bowel movements (more than 21 stools a week), Often feeling an urgent need to have a bowel movement, Not being able to control urine, Obesity, Smoking, Older age, Decreased physical activity, Anal intercourse, Other health conditions, such as depression, diabetes mellitus, and IBD, Past radiation therapy to the anal region.

• #78 Accidental Bowel Leakage | ACOG

  https://www.acog.org/womens-health/faqs/accidental-bowel-leakage

  Finding the cause of ABL is an important step in finding the right treatment. […] The type of treatment depends on the cause of the problem and how severe it is. […] A special kind of injection can be used to treat bowel control problems. With this treatment, an agent that adds bulk is injected in the tissue surrounding the anus. This narrows the anal opening to help the anal sphincter work better. […] In some cases, surgery may help correct loss of bowel control. Most people will try other treatments before surgery is recommended. If the sphincter muscle of the anus is torn, it sometimes can be repaired with surgery.

• #79 Treatments for Fecal Incontinence | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program

  https://effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/products/fecal-incontinence/consumer

  How common is FI? About 1 out of every 12 people in the United States has FI. That is equal to almost 18 million people. […] Many people feel embarrassed and upset about their FI. They may avoid social situations because they are afraid of leaking stool. FI can severely limit a person’s ability to enjoy work or activities. Untreated FI can lead to skin rashes, infections, and other problems.

• #80 Bowel incontinence

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/bowel-incontinence/

  Bowel incontinence can happen for lots of reasons and is common. Try not to be embarrassed. […] You may get it for reasons such as if you: […] have weaker muscles around your bottom this can happen as you get older or because of things like hormonal changes or childbirth […] have a health condition that affects your digestive system such as constipation, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) or Crohn’s disease […] have a health condition that makes you less aware of when you need to poo, such as dementia, a learning disability, a stroke or damage to the nerves in your spine. […] It can be a result of more than one of these things.

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