Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Vasomotor Rhinitis: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17950-nonallergic-rhinitis

  Theres no way to prevent vasomotor rhinitis. You can lower your risk by avoiding triggers known to cause rhinitis.

• #2 Nonallergic Rhinitis: Types, Symptoms, Causes, and More

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/nonallergic-rhinitis-7562108

  Theres little you can do to prevent nonallergic rhinitis. However, once you identify your triggers like spicy food or dry air you can try to avoid them in order to reduce your symptoms.

• #3 Nonallergic Rhinitis – Vasomotor Defined

  https://www.aaaai.org/tools-for-the-public/allergy,-asthma-immunology-glossary/nonallergic-rhinitis-vasomotor-defined

  Nonallergic rhinitis cannot be cured, but many people find relief by avoiding triggers, using a saline rinse solution or by taking over-the-counter or prescription medications. […] It is important to have an accurate diagnosis so you can manage your condition appropriately. Because the symptoms are so similar, allergy testing is often recommended to rule out allergic rhinitis.

• #4 Nonallergic rhinitis | Beacon Health System

  https://www.beaconhealthsystem.org/library/diseases-and-conditions/nonallergic-rhinitis?content_id=CON-20155767

  If you have nonallergic rhinitis, take steps to ease your symptoms and prevent flare-ups: […] Learn your triggers. Find out what factors cause your symptoms or make them worse. That way you can stay away from them. Your health care provider can help you learn your triggers. […] Don’t use decongestant nose sprays or drops for too long. Using these medicines for more than a few days at a time can make your symptoms worse. […] Get treatment that works. If you’ve tried a medicine that doesn’t help enough, talk to your health care provider. A change to your treatment plan may be needed to prevent or ease your symptoms.

• #5 Nonallergic (Vasomotor) Rhinitis: Symptoms, Causes and Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/allergies/nonallergic-rhinitis

  If you have nonallergic rhinitis, you cant always stop your symptoms, but there are steps you can take to make them less likely to happen: […] Stay away from your triggers: If you know what things set off your symptoms, you can feel your best by avoiding them. […] Ease up on using nasal decongestants: You might be tempted to go to them for relief, but if you use nasal decongestant sprays for longer than a few days, your symptoms will come back even worse than before. […] Talk to your doctor: If your current treatment isnt working, your doctor can find a new treatment plan that will help.

• #6 Management of Rhinitis: Allergic and Non-Allergic

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3121056/

  Nonallergic rhinitis (NAR) is generally described as chronic nasal symptoms, such as obstruction and rhinorrhea that occur in relation to nonallergic, noninfectious triggers such as change in the weather, exposure to caustic odors or cigarette smoke, barometric pressure differences, etc. There is a lack of concomitant allergic disease, determined by negative skin prick test for relevant allergens and/or negative allergen-specific antibody tests. […] Avoidance of environmental triggers such as strong odors (perfumes, soaps, paint, etc.) and air pollutants (smoke fumes, tobacco smoke) that are respiratory irritants is recommended in those who find these worsen their rhinitis symptoms. […] Intranasal corticosteroids have been found to be effective in nonallergic rhinitis, especially in vasomotor rhinitis and NARES. Fluticasone propionate and beclomethasone are the only topical corticosteroids approved by the FDA in the US for the treatment of NAR.

• #7 Chronic Rhinitis: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments

  https://www.healthline.com/health/chronic-rhinitis

  Nonallergic rhinitis can also occur without the presence of a known allergen or infection. […] Nonallergic rhinitis is thought to occur when the blood vessels inside the nose expand. This leads to swelling and congestion. […] The best way to prevent and treat chronic rhinitis is to avoid the environmental allergen or trigger causing it. While its not always possible to completely avoid an allergen or trigger, you can minimize your exposure with the following tips: Keep windows closed when pollen counts are high. Wear a mask when mowing the lawn, doing garden work, or cleaning the house. Use an air purifier with a HEPA filter. Change your heating and air conditioning filters often. Use a vacuum with a HEPA filter. Get a dust-mite-proof pillow and use a vacuum with a HEPA filter. Wash your bedding weekly in hot water. Bathe and groom pets frequently. Take showers after being outside. Avoid secondhand smoke. […] Chronic rhinitis caused by structural problems with the nose and sinuses, like a deviated septum or persistent nasal polyps, may require surgical correction. Doctors typically recommend surgery as a last resort if several other treatment options dont work.

• #8 Nonallergic rhinitis – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonallergic_rhinitis

  The avoidance of inciting factors such as sudden changes in temperature, humidity, or blasts of air or dust is helpful where possible. […] Intranasal application of antihistamines, corticosteroids, or anticholinergics may be used to treat vasomotor rhinitis. […] Generally, local measures such as limited use of nasal drops, topical steroids and limited surgery (cryosurgery) to turbinates are sufficient to relate the symptoms.

• #9 Management of Rhinitis: Allergic and Non-Allergic

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3121056/

  Nonallergic rhinitis (NAR) is generally described as chronic nasal symptoms, such as obstruction and rhinorrhea that occur in relation to nonallergic, noninfectious triggers such as change in the weather, exposure to caustic odors or cigarette smoke, barometric pressure differences, etc. There is a lack of concomitant allergic disease, determined by negative skin prick test for relevant allergens and/or negative allergen-specific antibody tests. […] Avoidance of environmental triggers such as strong odors (perfumes, soaps, paint, etc.) and air pollutants (smoke fumes, tobacco smoke) that are respiratory irritants is recommended in those who find these worsen their rhinitis symptoms. […] Intranasal corticosteroids have been found to be effective in nonallergic rhinitis, especially in vasomotor rhinitis and NARES. Fluticasone propionate and beclomethasone are the only topical corticosteroids approved by the FDA in the US for the treatment of NAR.

• #10 Patient education: Nonallergic rhinitis (runny or stuffy nose) (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/nonallergic-rhinitis-runny-or-stuffy-nose-beyond-the-basics

  Patient education: Nonallergic rhinitis (runny or stuffy nose) (Beyond the Basics) […] Treatment of nonallergic rhinitis includes trigger avoidance, medications, and/or nasal rinsing or irrigation. […] Trigger avoidance — Exposure to tobacco smoke can be reduced if household members stop smoking or smoke only outside of the home. It is also important to avoid smoke exposure in the workplace. […] Exposure to pollutants and irritants can be reduced by avoiding wood-burning stoves and fireplaces; properly venting other stoves and heaters; and avoiding cleaning agents and household sprays that trigger symptoms. […] Nasal rinsing and irrigation — Simply rinsing the nose with a salt water (saline) solution one or more times per day is helpful for many patients with nonallergic rhinitis, as well as for other rhinitis conditions.

• #11 Rhinitis (non-allergic) — BC Society of Allergy and Immunology

  https://www.bcsai.ca/rhinitis-allergic-nonallergic

  Trigger avoidance […] Ensure household members stop smoking or smoke only outside of the home […] Avoid wood-burning stoves and fireplaces […] Avoid using strong perfumes and encourage coworkers, family or friends to do the same […] Nasal saline rinses […] Rinsing nose with salt water once or multiple times a day may be helpful […] This may be helpful for postnasal drip […] This can be done before using other nasal medications […] You may talk to your pharmacist who may recommend a nasal irrigation kit […] Medications that may help your symptoms […] Intranasal corticosteroids: please see allergic rhinitis section for more information […] Combination intranasal corticosteroid and antihistamine nasal spray: please see allergic rhinitis section for more information […] Nasal ipratropium: this can be used when there is profuse, watery discharge from the nose (rhinorrhea). Especially useful for gustatory rhinitis (see below)

• #12 Rhinitis Treatments | Northwestern Medicine

  https://www.nm.org/conditions-and-care-areas/ent-ear-nose-throat/rhinitis/treatments

  Avoiding things that trigger symptoms, including smoke, pets, strong cleaning products, scented products and plants […] Using a neti pot to rinse the nasal cavity […] Using bottled saline spray in the nose […] Quitting smoking […] Using the air conditioning rather than having windows open during the allergy season […] Taking over-the-counter decongestants and antihistamines (both oral and nasal) Note: Decongestant nasal sprays shouldnt be used for more than two to three days at a time because they can cause rebound congestion.

• #13 Rhinitis, Nasal Allergy, Hayfever

  https://aafa.org/allergies/allergy-symptoms/rhinitis-nasal-allergy-hayfever/

  The first and best option is to avoid contact with allergens. Other prevention tips are: […] Use a Certified Asthma Allergy Friendly vacuum to reduce allergen exposure while vacuuming. […] Wash your bed linens and pillowcases in hot water and detergent to reduce allergens. […] Use dust-mite proof covers for pillows, comforters, duvets, mattresses and box springs. […] Keep pets out of the bedroom to reduce pet dander allergen in your bedding. […] Wear sunglasses and a wide-brimmed hat to reduce pollen getting into your eyes. […] Keep windows closed during high pollen and mold seasons. Use the air conditioner in your car and home (Certified Asthma Allergy Friendly filter).

• #14 Nonallergic rhinitis – Diagnosis & treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/nonallergic-rhinitis/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20351235

  Treatment of nonallergic rhinitis depends on how much it bothers you. Home treatment and staying away from triggers might be enough for mild cases. Medicines may ease worse symptoms. These include: […] Your health care provider may suggest surgery to treat other problems that can happen with nonallergic rhinitis. For example, growths in the nose called polyps may need to be removed. Surgery also can fix a problem where the thin wall between the passages in the nose is off-center or crooked. This is called a deviated septum. […] Try these tips to ease the symptoms of nonallergic rhinitis: […] Rinse the inside of the nose. Flushing out the nose with saline or a homemade saltwater mixture can help. It works best when you do it daily. […] Add moisture to the air. If the air in your home or office is dry, set up a humidifier device where you work or sleep.

• #15 Understanding Vasomotor Rhinitis: Causes & Relief Options

  https://enticare.com/2023/04/28/understanding-vasomotor-rhinitis-causes-relief/

  While there is no surefire way to prevent vasomotor rhinitis, there are several things you can do to reduce your risk of developing the condition. These include: […] Avoiding triggers: If you know what triggers your symptoms, try to avoid exposure to these triggers as much as possible. Nasal obstruction can be a significant reason to avoid known triggers. […] Maintaining good indoor air quality: Keep the air inside your home clean and free of irritants such as smoke and pollution. […] Managing stress: Stress can trigger symptoms of vasomotor rhinitis, so it is essential to find ways to manage stress and anxiety. […] Using a humidifier: Using a humidifier can help to keep the air moist, which can reduce symptoms of.

• #16 Allergic & Nonallergic Rhinitis NYC | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/care/ent/services/nasal-sinus-allergy/conditions/rhinitis

  Avoidance of triggers: the first line in the treatment armamentarium and often overlooked! This can be an efficient and effective method to reduce symptoms. […] Environmental controls: removal of pets (pet free rooms/sanctuary), bed covers, HEPA filters, and laundering sheet in hot water. […] Nasal rinses/Netipot: the physical act of lavage with large volume (240ml) of saline or frequent nasal sprays will help with reducing the amount of allergens in the nose. It is critically important to use twice a day to keep allergen levels acceptably low and prevent symptoms. […] Decongestants: can help with symptomatic treatment of nasal obstruction and congestion. It is important to limit the use of spray decongestants (Afrin) to less than 3 days. […] Nasal corticosteroids: this is the gold standard for non-allergic and allergic rhinitis; they are effective in treating most rhinitis cases, reducing inflammation and nasal symptoms (congestion, itching, nasal drip, sneezing).

• #17 Nonallergic rhinitis: Types, symptoms, and risk factors

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/177085

  Nonallergic rhinitis is not preventable, but patients who are diagnosed with it are advised to avoid the things that trigger symptoms, if they are known. […] In cases of atrophic rhinitis, routine nasal lavage and lubrication can prevent the formation of crusts and help to keep the nasal lining moist. […] Daily irrigation of the nasal passages is good preventive practice.

• #18 Nonallergic rhinitis – Diagnosis & treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/nonallergic-rhinitis/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20351235

  Treatment of nonallergic rhinitis depends on how much it bothers you. Home treatment and staying away from triggers might be enough for mild cases. Medicines may ease worse symptoms. These include: […] Your health care provider may suggest surgery to treat other problems that can happen with nonallergic rhinitis. For example, growths in the nose called polyps may need to be removed. Surgery also can fix a problem where the thin wall between the passages in the nose is off-center or crooked. This is called a deviated septum. […] Try these tips to ease the symptoms of nonallergic rhinitis: […] Rinse the inside of the nose. Flushing out the nose with saline or a homemade saltwater mixture can help. It works best when you do it daily. […] Add moisture to the air. If the air in your home or office is dry, set up a humidifier device where you work or sleep.

• #19 Chronic Nonallergic Rhinitis | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2018/0801/p171.html

  Although there is more evidence for using intranasal corticosteroids combined with intranasal antihistamines to treat allergic rhinitis, this combination is also beneficial in patients with nonallergic rhinitis whose symptoms are not adequately controlled with either therapy alone. […] Intranasal ipratropium has been proven effective in decreasing rhinorrhea and is a reasonable monotherapy for patients who have rhinorrhea as a predominant symptom. […] Nasal irrigation with saline or hypertonic saline may be helpful in the treatment of nonallergic rhinitis. […] Further investigation is needed for irrigation and intranasal capsaicin in the treatment of nonallergic rhinitis.

• #20 Management of Rhinitis: Allergic and Non-Allergic

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3121056/

  The only topical anticholinergic medication approved in the United States for topical application is ipratropium bromide. Ipratropium bromide (0.03%) nasal spray is recommended when rhinorrhea is the predominant or only symptom, as in the case of gustatory rhinitis. From the updated rhinitis practice parameters, its use in combination with an intranasal corticosteroid is more effective than either drug alone for the treatment of rhinorrhea. […] Nasal lavage with saline solution has also been found to be a helpful alone or as an adjuvant therapy in patients with chronic rhinorrhea and rhinosinusitis.

• #21 AAIR :: Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research

  https://e-aair.org/DOIx.php?id=10.4168/aair.2011.3.3.148

  The only topical anticholinergic medication approved in the United States for topical application is ipratropium bromide. Ipratropium bromide (0.03%) nasal spray is recommended when rhinorrhea is the predominant or only symptom, as in the case of gustatory rhinitis. […] Nasal lavage with saline solution has also been found to be a helpful alone or as an adjuvant therapy in patients with chronic rhinorrhea and rhinosinusitis. […] After 6-12 months of failed medical therapy (intranasal corticosteroid with azelastine and/or decongestants and/or ipratropium bromide) then surgical options may be considered.

• #22 Patient education: Nonallergic rhinitis (runny or stuffy nose) (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/nonallergic-rhinitis-runny-or-stuffy-nose-beyond-the-basics

  A variety of devices, including syringes, Neti pots, and bottle sprayers, may be used to perform nasal irrigation. […] Daily use of a nasal glucocorticoid (steroid) and/or an antihistamine nasal spray can be helpful for people with nonallergic rhinitis. […] Nasal glucocorticoids (steroids) have been shown to be effective for symptoms of nonallergic rhinitis. […] Nasal ipratropium (Atrovent nasal spray) — A runny nose with profuse, watery discharge from the nose (rhinorrhea) can be treated with ipratropium (0.03 percent or 0.06 percent) nasal spray. […] Decongestants — Oral decongestant medications (like pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine) help to relieve symptoms of congestion (stuffiness) in some people. However, this treatment is not usually recommended unless nasal antihistamines and nasal glucocorticoids (steroids) do not improve symptoms. […] The dose or frequency of medications can be reduced in some patients over time. However, in most patients, symptoms are lifelong, and some medication is usually needed on a daily and long-term basis.

• #23 Non-Allergic Rhinitis | IntechOpen

  https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/74261

  Non-allergic rhinitis is a term used for situations where no allergen can be detected as the cause of rhinitis. […] Non-allergic rhinitis treatment is similar to allergic rhinitis. In treatment; Avoiding causative factors: Cigarette smoke, perfume, spice or chemical odors should be avoided. […] Nasal irrigation: The use of saline nasal solutions provides both opening and moistening of the nose. […] Pharmacotherapy: First of all, drug therapy should be tried. Treatment can be used with oral or nasal antihistamines, oral or nasal steroids, leukotriene antagonists.

• #24 Allergic & Nonallergic Rhinitis NYC | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/care/ent/services/nasal-sinus-allergy/conditions/rhinitis

  Avoidance of triggers: the first line in the treatment armamentarium and often overlooked! This can be an efficient and effective method to reduce symptoms. […] Environmental controls: removal of pets (pet free rooms/sanctuary), bed covers, HEPA filters, and laundering sheet in hot water. […] Nasal rinses/Netipot: the physical act of lavage with large volume (240ml) of saline or frequent nasal sprays will help with reducing the amount of allergens in the nose. It is critically important to use twice a day to keep allergen levels acceptably low and prevent symptoms. […] Decongestants: can help with symptomatic treatment of nasal obstruction and congestion. It is important to limit the use of spray decongestants (Afrin) to less than 3 days. […] Nasal corticosteroids: this is the gold standard for non-allergic and allergic rhinitis; they are effective in treating most rhinitis cases, reducing inflammation and nasal symptoms (congestion, itching, nasal drip, sneezing).

• #25 Pathophysiology and Non-Pharmacological Management of Allergic Rhinitis

  https://clinmedjournals.org/articles/iaphcm/international-archives-of-public-health-and-community-medicine-iaphcm-4-050.php?jid=iaphcm

  Non-pharmacological treatment methods may be helpful in preventing the unwarranted side effects of medicines used in the management of allergic rhinitis. […] One of the most common non-pharmacological treatment method nasal saline irrigation helps in relieving the symptoms of allergic rhinitis, this is a cost-effective and easy to do management option in symptomatic relief of allergic rhinitis. […] Nasal irrigation is in use for symptomatic relief for centuries without any scientific data to determine its efficacy. […] Many studies have proven that nasal saline irrigation is an important adjunctive treatment form in non-pharmacological treatment of rhinitis of different aetiologies including allergic rhinitis. […] Studies have proven that nasal irrigation works better than the placebo in relief of symptoms in patients with allergic rhinitis.

• #26 Non-Allergic Rhinitis – Australasian Society of Clinical Immunology and Allergy (ASCIA)

  https://www.allergy.org.au/patients/allergic-rhinitis-hay-fever-and-sinusitis/non-allergic-rhinitis

  Non-allergic rhinitis cannot be cured but many people find relief by avoiding or minimising triggers, and using treatments, which include: […] Saline (salt water) treatments such as nasal sprays or rinses are safe and effective, and help to moisten and wash irritants and mucus from the nose. […] Intranasal corticosteroid sprays (INCS) reduce inflammation and work best when used regularly and correctly. […] Antihistamine nasal sprays can give quick relief and may be used as needed or regularly. […] Combination sprays (INCS and antihistamine) offer the combined advantages of both medications. […] Anticholinergic nasal sprays combined with decongestant can dry the nose but should only be used short term (3-5 days).

• #27 Chronic Nonallergic Rhinitis | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2018/0801/p171.html

  Chronic nonallergic rhinitis encompasses a group of rhinitis subtypes without allergic or infectious etiologies. […] Patients should avoid known triggers when possible. […] First-line therapies include intranasal corticosteroids, intranasal antihistamines, and intranasal ipratropium. […] Combination therapy with decongestants and first-generation antihistamines can be considered if monotherapy does not adequately control symptoms. […] Nasal irrigation may be used for nonallergic rhinitis. […] Treatment is symptom-driven, and patients should be advised to avoid any identifiable triggers when possible. […] Intranasal corticosteroids are first-line therapy for nonallergic rhinitis. […] Subgroups of patients with nonallergic rhinitis may not respond to intranasal corticosteroids, such as those with symptoms triggered predominantly by weather and temperature changes.

• #28 Management of Rhinitis: Allergic and Non-Allergic

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3121056/

  Nonallergic rhinitis (NAR) is generally described as chronic nasal symptoms, such as obstruction and rhinorrhea that occur in relation to nonallergic, noninfectious triggers such as change in the weather, exposure to caustic odors or cigarette smoke, barometric pressure differences, etc. There is a lack of concomitant allergic disease, determined by negative skin prick test for relevant allergens and/or negative allergen-specific antibody tests. […] Avoidance of environmental triggers such as strong odors (perfumes, soaps, paint, etc.) and air pollutants (smoke fumes, tobacco smoke) that are respiratory irritants is recommended in those who find these worsen their rhinitis symptoms. […] Intranasal corticosteroids have been found to be effective in nonallergic rhinitis, especially in vasomotor rhinitis and NARES. Fluticasone propionate and beclomethasone are the only topical corticosteroids approved by the FDA in the US for the treatment of NAR.

• #29 Nonallergic Rhinitis, With a Focus on Vasomotor Rhinitis Clinical Importance, Differential Diagnosis, and Effective Treatment Recommendations | World Allergy Organization Journal | Full Text

  https://waojournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1097/WAO.0b013e318196ca1e

  Nonallergic rhinitis (NAR) is not a single disease with 1 underlying mechanism but is instead a collection of multiple distinct conditions that cause similar nasal symptoms. […] Understanding and recognizing the presence of NAR in a patient is essential for the correct selection of medications and for successful treatment outcomes. […] Nonallergic rhinitis denotes a group of heterogeneous syndromes with distinct underlying pathophysiologies. […] Diagnosis is dependent on a thorough history and exclusion of other underlying conditions, including AR and chronic rhinosinusitis. […] Nonallergic rhinitis tends to require chronic medical management, and use of topical NCCSs and nasal antihistamines, used alone or in combination, is very effective in most patients. […] Thus, recognizing that the combination of both NCCSs and nasal antihistamines effectively treat AR, VMR, and mixed rhinitis, this combination of medications seems to be a useful first-line treatment for the overwhelming majority of rhinitis patients.

• #30 Management of Rhinitis: Allergic and Non-Allergic

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3121056/

  Nonallergic rhinitis (NAR) is generally described as chronic nasal symptoms, such as obstruction and rhinorrhea that occur in relation to nonallergic, noninfectious triggers such as change in the weather, exposure to caustic odors or cigarette smoke, barometric pressure differences, etc. There is a lack of concomitant allergic disease, determined by negative skin prick test for relevant allergens and/or negative allergen-specific antibody tests. […] Avoidance of environmental triggers such as strong odors (perfumes, soaps, paint, etc.) and air pollutants (smoke fumes, tobacco smoke) that are respiratory irritants is recommended in those who find these worsen their rhinitis symptoms. […] Intranasal corticosteroids have been found to be effective in nonallergic rhinitis, especially in vasomotor rhinitis and NARES. Fluticasone propionate and beclomethasone are the only topical corticosteroids approved by the FDA in the US for the treatment of NAR.

• #31 Non Allergic Rhinitis | New York Allergy and Sinus Centers

  https://www.nyallergy.com/non-allergic-rhinitis/

  Non-allergic rhinitis conditions are usually treated with a nasal steroid such as fluticasone, triamcinolone, or mometasone. […] In most cases, avoiding certain triggers and undertaking self-care measures, like rinsing your nasal passages, may prevent symptoms. […] To prevent this condition, use decongestants only when suggested by your physician and no longer than 10 days at a time.

• #32 Chronic Nonallergic Rhinitis | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2018/0801/p171.html

  Chronic nonallergic rhinitis encompasses a group of rhinitis subtypes without allergic or infectious etiologies. […] Patients should avoid known triggers when possible. […] First-line therapies include intranasal corticosteroids, intranasal antihistamines, and intranasal ipratropium. […] Combination therapy with decongestants and first-generation antihistamines can be considered if monotherapy does not adequately control symptoms. […] Nasal irrigation may be used for nonallergic rhinitis. […] Treatment is symptom-driven, and patients should be advised to avoid any identifiable triggers when possible. […] Intranasal corticosteroids are first-line therapy for nonallergic rhinitis. […] Subgroups of patients with nonallergic rhinitis may not respond to intranasal corticosteroids, such as those with symptoms triggered predominantly by weather and temperature changes.

• #33 Chronic Nonallergic Rhinitis | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2018/0801/p171.html

  Although there is more evidence for using intranasal corticosteroids combined with intranasal antihistamines to treat allergic rhinitis, this combination is also beneficial in patients with nonallergic rhinitis whose symptoms are not adequately controlled with either therapy alone. […] Intranasal ipratropium has been proven effective in decreasing rhinorrhea and is a reasonable monotherapy for patients who have rhinorrhea as a predominant symptom. […] Nasal irrigation with saline or hypertonic saline may be helpful in the treatment of nonallergic rhinitis. […] Further investigation is needed for irrigation and intranasal capsaicin in the treatment of nonallergic rhinitis.

• #34 NON-ALLERGIC RHINITIS | Arthritis, Autoimmune & Allergy

  https://arthritisallergy.com/non-allergic-rhinitis/

  Chronic Non-Allergic Rhinitis (NAR) is a group of rhinitis symptoms without allergic or infectious causes. […] Treatment is symptom-driven and patients should avoid identifiable triggers when possible. […] NAR is not a histamine-mediated disease, so patients usually have poor responses to corticosteroid nasal sprays and oral antihistamines. […] Intra-nasal antihistamines like Azelastine are effective for non-allergic rhinitis. […] Intra-nasal ipratropium has also proven effective in decreasing rhinorrhea and is a reasonable monotherapy for patients who have rhinorrhea as a predominant symptom, particularly those with gustatory or weather-induced non-allergic rhinitis.

• #35 Non-Allergic Rhinitis – Australasian Society of Clinical Immunology and Allergy (ASCIA)

  https://www.allergy.org.au/patients/allergic-rhinitis-hay-fever-and-sinusitis/non-allergic-rhinitis

  Non-allergic rhinitis cannot be cured but many people find relief by avoiding or minimising triggers, and using treatments, which include: […] Saline (salt water) treatments such as nasal sprays or rinses are safe and effective, and help to moisten and wash irritants and mucus from the nose. […] Intranasal corticosteroid sprays (INCS) reduce inflammation and work best when used regularly and correctly. […] Antihistamine nasal sprays can give quick relief and may be used as needed or regularly. […] Combination sprays (INCS and antihistamine) offer the combined advantages of both medications. […] Anticholinergic nasal sprays combined with decongestant can dry the nose but should only be used short term (3-5 days).

• #36 Frontiers | Multifaceted Treatment Options for Nonallergic Rhinitis

  https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/68159/multifaceted-treatment-options-for-nonallergic-rhinitisundefined

  Nonallergic Rhinitis (NAR) represents a complex group of conditions that, while mimicking the symptoms of Allergic Rhinitis (AR), such as nasal congestion, runny nose, and sneezing, do not involve an allergic immune response. […] The management of NAR is particularly challenging due to the diversity of its underlying mechanisms across different subtypes. At the forefront of NAR treatments are Intranasal Corticosteroids, recognized for their efficacy in reducing inflammation, swelling, and mucus production within the nasal passages. […] Similarly, Intranasal Antihistamines, though not targeting allergic reactions per se, are beneficial for alleviating symptoms like postnasal drip and sneezing. […] Complementary to these pharmacological agents is Saline Irrigation, which aids in clearing nasal passages of irritants and mucus, thus mitigating nasal congestion.

• #37 Management of Rhinitis: Allergic and Non-Allergic

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3121056/

  The only topical anticholinergic medication approved in the United States for topical application is ipratropium bromide. Ipratropium bromide (0.03%) nasal spray is recommended when rhinorrhea is the predominant or only symptom, as in the case of gustatory rhinitis. From the updated rhinitis practice parameters, its use in combination with an intranasal corticosteroid is more effective than either drug alone for the treatment of rhinorrhea. […] Nasal lavage with saline solution has also been found to be a helpful alone or as an adjuvant therapy in patients with chronic rhinorrhea and rhinosinusitis.

• #38 AAIR :: Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research

  https://e-aair.org/DOIx.php?id=10.4168/aair.2011.3.3.148

  The only topical anticholinergic medication approved in the United States for topical application is ipratropium bromide. Ipratropium bromide (0.03%) nasal spray is recommended when rhinorrhea is the predominant or only symptom, as in the case of gustatory rhinitis. […] Nasal lavage with saline solution has also been found to be a helpful alone or as an adjuvant therapy in patients with chronic rhinorrhea and rhinosinusitis. […] After 6-12 months of failed medical therapy (intranasal corticosteroid with azelastine and/or decongestants and/or ipratropium bromide) then surgical options may be considered.

• #39 Patient education: Nonallergic rhinitis (runny or stuffy nose) (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/nonallergic-rhinitis-runny-or-stuffy-nose-beyond-the-basics

  A variety of devices, including syringes, Neti pots, and bottle sprayers, may be used to perform nasal irrigation. […] Daily use of a nasal glucocorticoid (steroid) and/or an antihistamine nasal spray can be helpful for people with nonallergic rhinitis. […] Nasal glucocorticoids (steroids) have been shown to be effective for symptoms of nonallergic rhinitis. […] Nasal ipratropium (Atrovent nasal spray) — A runny nose with profuse, watery discharge from the nose (rhinorrhea) can be treated with ipratropium (0.03 percent or 0.06 percent) nasal spray. […] Decongestants — Oral decongestant medications (like pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine) help to relieve symptoms of congestion (stuffiness) in some people. However, this treatment is not usually recommended unless nasal antihistamines and nasal glucocorticoids (steroids) do not improve symptoms. […] The dose or frequency of medications can be reduced in some patients over time. However, in most patients, symptoms are lifelong, and some medication is usually needed on a daily and long-term basis.

• #40 NON-ALLERGIC RHINITIS | Arthritis, Autoimmune & Allergy

  https://arthritisallergy.com/non-allergic-rhinitis/

  Chronic Non-Allergic Rhinitis (NAR) is a group of rhinitis symptoms without allergic or infectious causes. […] Treatment is symptom-driven and patients should avoid identifiable triggers when possible. […] NAR is not a histamine-mediated disease, so patients usually have poor responses to corticosteroid nasal sprays and oral antihistamines. […] Intra-nasal antihistamines like Azelastine are effective for non-allergic rhinitis. […] Intra-nasal ipratropium has also proven effective in decreasing rhinorrhea and is a reasonable monotherapy for patients who have rhinorrhea as a predominant symptom, particularly those with gustatory or weather-induced non-allergic rhinitis.

• #41 Chronic Nonallergic Rhinitis | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2018/0801/p171.html

  Although there is more evidence for using intranasal corticosteroids combined with intranasal antihistamines to treat allergic rhinitis, this combination is also beneficial in patients with nonallergic rhinitis whose symptoms are not adequately controlled with either therapy alone. […] Intranasal ipratropium has been proven effective in decreasing rhinorrhea and is a reasonable monotherapy for patients who have rhinorrhea as a predominant symptom. […] Nasal irrigation with saline or hypertonic saline may be helpful in the treatment of nonallergic rhinitis. […] Further investigation is needed for irrigation and intranasal capsaicin in the treatment of nonallergic rhinitis.

• #42 Nonallergic rhinitis – Knowledge @ AMBOSS

  https://www.amboss.com/us/knowledge/nonallergic-rhinitis/

  Nonallergic rhinitis (NAR) is an acute or chronic rhinitis that is not immune mediated. […] Management includes avoidance of triggers and topical pharmacological treatment with intranasal antihistamines (INAH) and/or intranasal corticosteroids (INCS). […] Initial treatment of VMR [1] […] Avoid triggers, if feasible. […] Start monotherapy with INAH or INCS. […] Reassess patients 57 days after starting monotherapy. […] Triggers are controlled or absent: Stop or taper off treatment. […] Triggers cannot be controlled: Continue treatment as needed (PRN). […] Consider alternative monotherapy (preferred). […] Consider combination intranasal therapy of INAH + INCS; see First-line treatment for dosages. […] Refer to ENT for oral pharmacotherapy options and/or surgery (e.g.,vidian neurectomy for VMR, turbinectomy).

• #43 Non-Allergic Rhinitis – Australasian Society of Clinical Immunology and Allergy (ASCIA)

  https://www.allergy.org.au/patients/allergic-rhinitis-hay-fever-and-sinusitis/non-allergic-rhinitis

  Non-allergic rhinitis cannot be cured but many people find relief by avoiding or minimising triggers, and using treatments, which include: […] Saline (salt water) treatments such as nasal sprays or rinses are safe and effective, and help to moisten and wash irritants and mucus from the nose. […] Intranasal corticosteroid sprays (INCS) reduce inflammation and work best when used regularly and correctly. […] Antihistamine nasal sprays can give quick relief and may be used as needed or regularly. […] Combination sprays (INCS and antihistamine) offer the combined advantages of both medications. […] Anticholinergic nasal sprays combined with decongestant can dry the nose but should only be used short term (3-5 days).

• #44 Frontiers | Multifaceted Treatment Options for Nonallergic Rhinitis

  https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/68159/multifaceted-treatment-options-for-nonallergic-rhinitisundefined

  Nonallergic Rhinitis (NAR) represents a complex group of conditions that, while mimicking the symptoms of Allergic Rhinitis (AR), such as nasal congestion, runny nose, and sneezing, do not involve an allergic immune response. […] The management of NAR is particularly challenging due to the diversity of its underlying mechanisms across different subtypes. At the forefront of NAR treatments are Intranasal Corticosteroids, recognized for their efficacy in reducing inflammation, swelling, and mucus production within the nasal passages. […] Similarly, Intranasal Antihistamines, though not targeting allergic reactions per se, are beneficial for alleviating symptoms like postnasal drip and sneezing. […] Complementary to these pharmacological agents is Saline Irrigation, which aids in clearing nasal passages of irritants and mucus, thus mitigating nasal congestion.

• #45 Nonallergic rhinitis | Beacon Health System

  https://www.beaconhealthsystem.org/library/diseases-and-conditions/nonallergic-rhinitis?content_id=CON-20155767

  If you have nonallergic rhinitis, take steps to ease your symptoms and prevent flare-ups: […] Learn your triggers. Find out what factors cause your symptoms or make them worse. That way you can stay away from them. Your health care provider can help you learn your triggers. […] Don’t use decongestant nose sprays or drops for too long. Using these medicines for more than a few days at a time can make your symptoms worse. […] Get treatment that works. If you’ve tried a medicine that doesn’t help enough, talk to your health care provider. A change to your treatment plan may be needed to prevent or ease your symptoms.

• #46 Nonallergic rhinitis

  https://www.mymlc.com/health-information/diseases-and-conditions/n/nonallergic-rhinitis/

  If you already have nonallergic rhinitis, you can take steps to reduce your symptoms and prevent flare-ups: […] Avoid your triggers. If you can identify what causes or worsen your symptoms, avoiding your triggers can make a big difference. […] Don’t overuse nasal decongestants. Using these medications for more than a few days at a time can worsen your symptoms. […] Get treatment that works. If treatment isn’t working, see your doctor. Your doctor can make changes that do a better job preventing or reducing your symptoms.

• #47 Nonallergic rhinitis | Beacon Health System

  https://www.beaconhealthsystem.org/library/diseases-and-conditions/nonallergic-rhinitis?content_id=CON-20155767

  If you have nonallergic rhinitis, take steps to ease your symptoms and prevent flare-ups: […] Learn your triggers. Find out what factors cause your symptoms or make them worse. That way you can stay away from them. Your health care provider can help you learn your triggers. […] Don’t use decongestant nose sprays or drops for too long. Using these medicines for more than a few days at a time can make your symptoms worse. […] Get treatment that works. If you’ve tried a medicine that doesn’t help enough, talk to your health care provider. A change to your treatment plan may be needed to prevent or ease your symptoms.

• #48 Nonallergic (Vasomotor) Rhinitis: Symptoms, Causes and Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/allergies/nonallergic-rhinitis

  If you have nonallergic rhinitis, you cant always stop your symptoms, but there are steps you can take to make them less likely to happen: […] Stay away from your triggers: If you know what things set off your symptoms, you can feel your best by avoiding them. […] Ease up on using nasal decongestants: You might be tempted to go to them for relief, but if you use nasal decongestant sprays for longer than a few days, your symptoms will come back even worse than before. […] Talk to your doctor: If your current treatment isnt working, your doctor can find a new treatment plan that will help.

• #49 Non-allergic rhinitis

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/non-allergic-rhinitis/

  Non-allergic rhinitis is not harmful, but it can affect your life. […] Try to avoid the things that trigger your symptoms, if you can. […] A pharmacist can advise you about medicines that can help, such as: antihistamines, nasal sprays to unblock your nose, salt water nasal sprays or solutions to rinse out the inside of your nose. […] You can buy nasal sprays without a prescription, but they should not be used for more than a week. Using them for longer than this can make the problem worse. […] Non-allergic rhinitis often gets better on its own without any treatment. […] If needed, a GP may prescribe stronger medicine, such as prescription nasal sprays. […] They may also change any medicine you’re taking if they think it may be causing your symptoms.

• #50 Allergic & Nonallergic Rhinitis NYC | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/care/ent/services/nasal-sinus-allergy/conditions/rhinitis

  Avoidance of triggers: the first line in the treatment armamentarium and often overlooked! This can be an efficient and effective method to reduce symptoms. […] Environmental controls: removal of pets (pet free rooms/sanctuary), bed covers, HEPA filters, and laundering sheet in hot water. […] Nasal rinses/Netipot: the physical act of lavage with large volume (240ml) of saline or frequent nasal sprays will help with reducing the amount of allergens in the nose. It is critically important to use twice a day to keep allergen levels acceptably low and prevent symptoms. […] Decongestants: can help with symptomatic treatment of nasal obstruction and congestion. It is important to limit the use of spray decongestants (Afrin) to less than 3 days. […] Nasal corticosteroids: this is the gold standard for non-allergic and allergic rhinitis; they are effective in treating most rhinitis cases, reducing inflammation and nasal symptoms (congestion, itching, nasal drip, sneezing).

• #51 Rhinitis (non-allergic) — BC Society of Allergy and Immunology

  https://www.bcsai.ca/rhinitis-allergic-nonallergic

  Nasal capsaicin: capsaicin is an active ingredient found in chili peppers. It is an over-the-counter spray […] Decongestants: can relieve symptoms of congestion, but should only be used if nasal corticosteroids do not work […] Medications that may worsen your symptoms […] Although decongestant sprays may relieve nasal congestion, the effects lessen as they are used more regularly. Over time, decongestants may actually worsen your symptoms, and cause the nose to swell unless the spray is used. It may become difficult to discontinue the spray and your doctor will need to assist you to discontinue it.

• #52 Non-allergic rhinitis

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/non-allergic-rhinitis/

  Non-allergic rhinitis is not harmful, but it can affect your life. […] Try to avoid the things that trigger your symptoms, if you can. […] A pharmacist can advise you about medicines that can help, such as: antihistamines, nasal sprays to unblock your nose, salt water nasal sprays or solutions to rinse out the inside of your nose. […] You can buy nasal sprays without a prescription, but they should not be used for more than a week. Using them for longer than this can make the problem worse. […] Non-allergic rhinitis often gets better on its own without any treatment. […] If needed, a GP may prescribe stronger medicine, such as prescription nasal sprays. […] They may also change any medicine you’re taking if they think it may be causing your symptoms.

• #53 Capsaicin for non-allergic rhinitis | Cochrane

  https://www.cochrane.org/CD010591/ENT_capsaicin-non-allergic-rhinitis

  Capsaicin may be an option in the treatment of idiopathic non-allergic rhinitis. […] Capsaicin, the active component of chili peppers, delivered intranasally, is considered a treatment option for non-allergic rhinitis. […] Given that many other options do not work well in non-allergic rhinitis, capsaicin is a reasonable option to try under physician supervision.

• #54 Rhinitis (non-allergic) — BC Society of Allergy and Immunology

  https://www.bcsai.ca/rhinitis-allergic-nonallergic

  Nasal capsaicin: capsaicin is an active ingredient found in chili peppers. It is an over-the-counter spray […] Decongestants: can relieve symptoms of congestion, but should only be used if nasal corticosteroids do not work […] Medications that may worsen your symptoms […] Although decongestant sprays may relieve nasal congestion, the effects lessen as they are used more regularly. Over time, decongestants may actually worsen your symptoms, and cause the nose to swell unless the spray is used. It may become difficult to discontinue the spray and your doctor will need to assist you to discontinue it.

• #55 Nonallergic Rhinitis | Kaiser Permanente

  https://healthy.kaiserpermanente.org/health-wellness/health-encyclopedia/he.nonallergic-rhinitis.abs1066

  You can take simple measures to help relieve your symptoms of nonallergic rhinitis. […] Try to avoid things that trigger your symptoms. […] Use saline (salt water) to rinse your nasal passages once or twice a day. Then blow your nose. You can use: A saline nasal spray. It’s easy and quick to use, and you can find it in any drugstore. […] Use a prescription or over-the-counter nasal medicine, as recommended by your doctor. Different types that might be helpful include antihistamine, corticosteroid, decongestant, and capsaicin nasal sprays. […] If your doctor recommends medicine to relieve symptoms, make sure to take it exactly as prescribed. For example, take a decongestant spray for no more than 3 or 4 days. Longer use can make symptoms worse. Call your doctor if you think you are having a problem with your medicine.

• #56 Management of rhinitis: allergic and non-allergic – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21738880/

  RHINITIS IS A GLOBAL PROBLEM AND IS DEFINED AS THE PRESENCE OF AT LEAST ONE OF THE FOLLOWING: congestion, rhinorrhea, sneezing, nasal itching, and nasal obstruction. […] NAR has 8 major subtypes which includes nonallergic rhinopathy (previously known as vasomotor rhinitis), nonallergic rhinitis with eosinophilia, atrophic rhinitis, senile rhinitis, gustatory rhinitis, drug-induced rhinitis, hormonal-induced rhinitis, and cerebral spinal fluid leak. The mainstay of treatment for NAR are intranasal corticosteroids. Topical antihistamines have also been found to be efficacious. Topical anticholinergics such as ipratropium bromide (0.03%) nasal spray are effective in treating rhinorrhea symptoms. Adjunct therapy includes decongestants and nasal saline. Investigational therapies in the treatment of NAR discussed include capsaicin, silver nitrate, and acupuncture.

• #57 Capsaicin for non-allergic rhinitis | Cochrane

  https://www.cochrane.org/CD010591/ENT_capsaicin-non-allergic-rhinitis

  Capsaicin may be an option in the treatment of idiopathic non-allergic rhinitis. […] Capsaicin, the active component of chili peppers, delivered intranasally, is considered a treatment option for non-allergic rhinitis. […] Given that many other options do not work well in non-allergic rhinitis, capsaicin is a reasonable option to try under physician supervision.

• #58 Rhinitis – La Crosse, Wisconsin – Mayo Clinic Health System

  https://www.mayoclinichealthsystem.org/locations/la-crosse/services-and-treatments/otorhinolaryngology/nose-conditions-and-treatment/rhinitis

  Nonallergic rhinitis occurs when no obvious irritant or allergen is present and can seem to start with no apparent cause. […] Treatment of nonallergic rhinitis depends on how much it bothers you. For mild cases, home treatment and avoiding triggers may be enough. For more-bothersome symptoms, certain medications may provide relief including nasal sprays and decongestants. […] Cryotherapy, or cold therapy, is an innovative, minimally invasive treatment for rhinitis. Cryotherapy uses an endoscope and cryotherapy device to freeze nerves in your nasal passages. When the cold temperature hits the nerves, the nerve signals are interrupted and no longer tell the nose to swell, drip and run. The interruption of the nerve signals provides long-lasting relief from runny or stuffy nasal symptoms. Cryotherapy can provide patients with symptom relief for up to a year or longer.

• #59 Your Runny Nose Could Be Non-Allergic Rhinitis | North Atlanta ENT & Allergy

  https://naenta.com/your-runny-nose-could-be-non-allergic-rhinitis/

  Excessive production of clear, watery drainage in the nose is an annoying problem that is frequently presented by patients. This is called non-allergic rhinitis, and more than 24 million people in the US suffer from this condition. […] If you are constantly suffering from rhinorrhea or post-nasal drip, there are treatments available. For some patients, we recommend using nasal saline irrigation and nasal steroid sprays (Flonase, Nasacort). […] A new procedure called ClariFix was recently FDA approved for nasal drainage and is being implemented into our practice as an in-office treatment for chronic nasal drainage. ClariFix uses a cooling technology to reduce nasal drainage. […] ClariFix Cryotherapy goes to the root of the problem the inflamed nasal tissue and the underlying nerves, for long-term chronic rhinitis symptom relief.

• #60 Your Runny Nose Could Be Non-Allergic Rhinitis | North Atlanta ENT & Allergy

  https://naenta.com/your-runny-nose-could-be-non-allergic-rhinitis/

  In a clinical study, four out of five people reported long-lasting improvement with the ClariFix device, including a reduction in a runny nose and congestion. […] Most patients begin to see improvement between 7 days and 30 days post-treatment. Chronic rhinitis symptoms (including runny, stuffy nose) improved 56% at 90 days and IMPROVEMENT WAS MAINTAINED AT ONE YEAR.

• #61 Allergic & Nonallergic Rhinitis NYC | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/care/ent/services/nasal-sinus-allergy/conditions/rhinitis

  Oral antihistamines/allergy medications: if more systemic symptoms, such as eye or throat itching are present, this treatment may be recommended. […] There is no surgical treatment specifically for allergic or nonallergic rhinitis. Surgical treatment revolves around ameliorating symptoms, such as nasal drip and nasal congestion/obstruction. […] Addressing anatomical abnormalities (deviated septum, inferior turbinate enlargement, and nasal valve collapse) can help with obstruction. Deviated septums can be addressed with a septoplasty, enlarged inferior turbinate can be reduced with in-office/OR treatments and nasal valve collapse can be addressed with bolstering the valve to prevent collapse. […] Addressing the nerve responsible for nasal drip. Often referred to the vidian nerve and some of its branches, this is predominately responsible for the signal to produce inflammation and liquid in the nose. The nerve can be addressed via clinic or OR procedures to “reset” and prevent the over signal. Several treatments are available including in office cryotherapy, injections, and procedures in the operating room that focus on cutting the nerve and severing the signal.

• #62 Allergic & Nonallergic Rhinitis NYC | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/care/ent/services/nasal-sinus-allergy/conditions/rhinitis

  Oral antihistamines/allergy medications: if more systemic symptoms, such as eye or throat itching are present, this treatment may be recommended. […] There is no surgical treatment specifically for allergic or nonallergic rhinitis. Surgical treatment revolves around ameliorating symptoms, such as nasal drip and nasal congestion/obstruction. […] Addressing anatomical abnormalities (deviated septum, inferior turbinate enlargement, and nasal valve collapse) can help with obstruction. Deviated septums can be addressed with a septoplasty, enlarged inferior turbinate can be reduced with in-office/OR treatments and nasal valve collapse can be addressed with bolstering the valve to prevent collapse. […] Addressing the nerve responsible for nasal drip. Often referred to the vidian nerve and some of its branches, this is predominately responsible for the signal to produce inflammation and liquid in the nose. The nerve can be addressed via clinic or OR procedures to “reset” and prevent the over signal. Several treatments are available including in office cryotherapy, injections, and procedures in the operating room that focus on cutting the nerve and severing the signal.

• #63 Nonallergic Rhinitis, With a Focus on Vasomotor Rhinitis Clinical Importance, Differential Diagnosis, and Effective Treatment Recommendations | World Allergy Organization Journal | Full Text

  https://waojournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1097/WAO.0b013e318196ca1e

  Nonallergic rhinitis (NAR) is not a single disease with 1 underlying mechanism but is instead a collection of multiple distinct conditions that cause similar nasal symptoms. […] Understanding and recognizing the presence of NAR in a patient is essential for the correct selection of medications and for successful treatment outcomes. […] Nonallergic rhinitis denotes a group of heterogeneous syndromes with distinct underlying pathophysiologies. […] Diagnosis is dependent on a thorough history and exclusion of other underlying conditions, including AR and chronic rhinosinusitis. […] Nonallergic rhinitis tends to require chronic medical management, and use of topical NCCSs and nasal antihistamines, used alone or in combination, is very effective in most patients. […] Thus, recognizing that the combination of both NCCSs and nasal antihistamines effectively treat AR, VMR, and mixed rhinitis, this combination of medications seems to be a useful first-line treatment for the overwhelming majority of rhinitis patients.

• #64 Frontiers | Multifaceted Treatment Options for Nonallergic Rhinitis

  https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/68159/multifaceted-treatment-options-for-nonallergic-rhinitisundefined

  An adjunctive treatment option, Decongestants, offers immediate relief from nasal stuffiness, though they must be used judiciously to avoid the risk of rebound congestion. […] Understanding that NAR often co-exists with other conditions like respiratory infections or hormonal imbalances, it becomes essential to adopt a holistic approach in its management. […] Given the heterogeneity of Nonallergic Rhinitis and its impact on quality of life, there is a continuous need for tailored, multi-modal treatment strategies that cater not only to symptom relief but also to the nuanced needs of individual patients.

• #65 Non-Allergic Rhinitis: Symptoms, Causes and Treatment | Ada

  https://ada.com/conditions/non-allergic-rhinitis/

  Prevention of non-allergic rhinitis includes identifying and avoiding things that make the rhinitis worse. […] Practicing good hygiene by washing hands regularly and covering the mouth and nose when coughing and sneezing, can be helpful in preventing the spread of viral infections and non-allergic rhinitis. […] If a medication is found to the cause, this may be able to be stopped or replaced with a medication which does not have this side effect.

• #66 Nonallergic Rhinitis – Vasomotor Defined

  https://www.aaaai.org/tools-for-the-public/allergy,-asthma-immunology-glossary/nonallergic-rhinitis-vasomotor-defined

  Nonallergic rhinitis cannot be cured, but many people find relief by avoiding triggers, using a saline rinse solution or by taking over-the-counter or prescription medications. […] It is important to have an accurate diagnosis so you can manage your condition appropriately. Because the symptoms are so similar, allergy testing is often recommended to rule out allergic rhinitis.

• #67 Patient education: Nonallergic rhinitis (runny or stuffy nose) (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/nonallergic-rhinitis-runny-or-stuffy-nose-beyond-the-basics

  A variety of devices, including syringes, Neti pots, and bottle sprayers, may be used to perform nasal irrigation. […] Daily use of a nasal glucocorticoid (steroid) and/or an antihistamine nasal spray can be helpful for people with nonallergic rhinitis. […] Nasal glucocorticoids (steroids) have been shown to be effective for symptoms of nonallergic rhinitis. […] Nasal ipratropium (Atrovent nasal spray) — A runny nose with profuse, watery discharge from the nose (rhinorrhea) can be treated with ipratropium (0.03 percent or 0.06 percent) nasal spray. […] Decongestants — Oral decongestant medications (like pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine) help to relieve symptoms of congestion (stuffiness) in some people. However, this treatment is not usually recommended unless nasal antihistamines and nasal glucocorticoids (steroids) do not improve symptoms. […] The dose or frequency of medications can be reduced in some patients over time. However, in most patients, symptoms are lifelong, and some medication is usually needed on a daily and long-term basis.

• #68 Nonallergic Rhinitis | Haydel Asthma and Allergy Clinic | Houma Louisiana

  https://www.haydelasthma.com/services/nonallergic-rhinitis

  Self-care methods and avoiding triggers may be enough to treat mild cases of nonallergic rhinitis. […] There is really no way you can avoid the underlying conditions causing nonallergic rhinitis. But, if you already have it, getting an effective treatment plan, avoiding your triggers, and not overusing nasal decongestants can bring you some relief and prevent flare-ups.

• #69 Pathophysiology and Non-Pharmacological Management of Allergic Rhinitis

  https://clinmedjournals.org/articles/iaphcm/international-archives-of-public-health-and-community-medicine-iaphcm-4-050.php?jid=iaphcm

  Allergic rhinitis can lead to complications such as acute and chronic sinusitis, otitis media, hearing impairment if left untreated. […] Avoiding environmental allergens is one of the strategies for the management of allergic rhinitis, however, it might not feasible in daily life. […] In addition to pharmacotherapy, non-pharmacological treatments have been an interest in the management of allergic rhinitis. Immunotherapy, such as Subcutaneous Allergen Immunotherapy (SCIT) was proven to be effective to treat allergic rhinitis and well-tolerated option for the patients. […] This review included the pathophysiology of allergic rhinitis for a better understanding of the disease and the current role of non-pharmacological treatment options in allergic rhinitis. […] The treatment of allergic rhinitis aims to reduce or eliminate the suffering of the patients and to improve the quality of life. Patient counselling is essential to have a better understanding of the disease condition and the medication which are most appropriate to relieve their symptoms.

• #70 Why aren’t antihistamines working? It may be nonallergic rhinitis | Allergy Insider

  https://www.thermofisher.com/allergy/us/en/living-with-allergies/understanding-allergies/why-arent-allergy-medications-working.html

  One of the best practices to reduce symptoms is to find out what’s causing your reaction and avoid it. […] Discovering what’s causing your symptoms starts with talking to your healthcare provider about getting a specific IgE blood test.

• #71 Identifying and Managing Non-allergic Rhinitis | Carolina Ear Nose & Throat – Sinus and Allergy Center | Blog

  https://carolinaearnosethroat.com/identifying-and-managing-non-allergic-rhinitis/

  Non-allergic rhinitis can be triggered by a number of environmental factors, including: […] Avoiding environmental triggers, including odors, air pollutants and chemical or smoke fumes, can help manage non-allergic rhinitis symptoms. […] Steroids. Available as a nasal spray, steroids can help prevent and treat swelling from non-allergic rhinitis. […] Antihistamines. Though antihistamines are designed to treat allergic rhinitis, antihistamine spray may also help manage symptoms of non-allergic rhinitis. […] Decongestants can help relieve the pressure in your nasal cavity by promoting mucus drainage. […] Nasal saline. Similar to decongestants, you can use a neti pot filled with saline solution and purified water to temporarily clear congestion from your sinuses. […] Promptly addressing and seeking treatment from an ENT specialist for non-allergic rhinitis can greatly benefit your overall health.

• #72 Nonallergic rhinitis | Beacon Health System

  https://www.beaconhealthsystem.org/library/diseases-and-conditions/nonallergic-rhinitis?content_id=CON-20155767

  If you have nonallergic rhinitis, take steps to ease your symptoms and prevent flare-ups: […] Learn your triggers. Find out what factors cause your symptoms or make them worse. That way you can stay away from them. Your health care provider can help you learn your triggers. […] Don’t use decongestant nose sprays or drops for too long. Using these medicines for more than a few days at a time can make your symptoms worse. […] Get treatment that works. If you’ve tried a medicine that doesn’t help enough, talk to your health care provider. A change to your treatment plan may be needed to prevent or ease your symptoms.

• #73 Nonallergic rhinitis

  https://www.mymlc.com/health-information/diseases-and-conditions/n/nonallergic-rhinitis/

  If you already have nonallergic rhinitis, you can take steps to reduce your symptoms and prevent flare-ups: […] Avoid your triggers. If you can identify what causes or worsen your symptoms, avoiding your triggers can make a big difference. […] Don’t overuse nasal decongestants. Using these medications for more than a few days at a time can worsen your symptoms. […] Get treatment that works. If treatment isn’t working, see your doctor. Your doctor can make changes that do a better job preventing or reducing your symptoms.

• #74 Chronic Nonallergic Rhinitis | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2018/0801/p171.html

  Chronic nonallergic rhinitis encompasses a group of rhinitis subtypes without allergic or infectious etiologies. […] Patients should avoid known triggers when possible. […] First-line therapies include intranasal corticosteroids, intranasal antihistamines, and intranasal ipratropium. […] Combination therapy with decongestants and first-generation antihistamines can be considered if monotherapy does not adequately control symptoms. […] Nasal irrigation may be used for nonallergic rhinitis. […] Treatment is symptom-driven, and patients should be advised to avoid any identifiable triggers when possible. […] Intranasal corticosteroids are first-line therapy for nonallergic rhinitis. […] Subgroups of patients with nonallergic rhinitis may not respond to intranasal corticosteroids, such as those with symptoms triggered predominantly by weather and temperature changes.

• #75 Nonallergic Rhinitis, With a Focus on Vasomotor Rhinitis Clinical Importance, Differential Diagnosis, and Effective Treatment Recommendations | World Allergy Organization Journal | Full Text

  https://waojournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1097/WAO.0b013e318196ca1e

  Nonallergic rhinitis (NAR) is not a single disease with 1 underlying mechanism but is instead a collection of multiple distinct conditions that cause similar nasal symptoms. […] Understanding and recognizing the presence of NAR in a patient is essential for the correct selection of medications and for successful treatment outcomes. […] Nonallergic rhinitis denotes a group of heterogeneous syndromes with distinct underlying pathophysiologies. […] Diagnosis is dependent on a thorough history and exclusion of other underlying conditions, including AR and chronic rhinosinusitis. […] Nonallergic rhinitis tends to require chronic medical management, and use of topical NCCSs and nasal antihistamines, used alone or in combination, is very effective in most patients. […] Thus, recognizing that the combination of both NCCSs and nasal antihistamines effectively treat AR, VMR, and mixed rhinitis, this combination of medications seems to be a useful first-line treatment for the overwhelming majority of rhinitis patients.

• #76 Nonallergic Rhinitis | Haydel Asthma and Allergy Clinic | Houma Louisiana

  https://www.haydelasthma.com/services/nonallergic-rhinitis

  Self-care methods and avoiding triggers may be enough to treat mild cases of nonallergic rhinitis. […] There is really no way you can avoid the underlying conditions causing nonallergic rhinitis. But, if you already have it, getting an effective treatment plan, avoiding your triggers, and not overusing nasal decongestants can bring you some relief and prevent flare-ups.

• #77 Your Runny Nose Could Be Non-Allergic Rhinitis | North Atlanta ENT & Allergy

  https://naenta.com/your-runny-nose-could-be-non-allergic-rhinitis/

  Excessive production of clear, watery drainage in the nose is an annoying problem that is frequently presented by patients. This is called non-allergic rhinitis, and more than 24 million people in the US suffer from this condition. […] If you are constantly suffering from rhinorrhea or post-nasal drip, there are treatments available. For some patients, we recommend using nasal saline irrigation and nasal steroid sprays (Flonase, Nasacort). […] A new procedure called ClariFix was recently FDA approved for nasal drainage and is being implemented into our practice as an in-office treatment for chronic nasal drainage. ClariFix uses a cooling technology to reduce nasal drainage. […] ClariFix Cryotherapy goes to the root of the problem the inflamed nasal tissue and the underlying nerves, for long-term chronic rhinitis symptom relief.

• #78 Nonallergic Rhinitis – Prof.Dr. Berna Uslu Coşkun

  https://drbernauslucoskun.com/en/treatment-methods/nonallergic-rhinitis/

  Non-allergic rhinitis is a disease that varies more, sometimes can be continuous, develops suddenly, develops rapidly, and is usually accompanied by short-term nasal congestion, nasal discharge, post-nasal drip, and rarely itching and sneezing, which develops due to the excessive response of the nasal mucosa. […] In the treatment of nonallergic rhinitis, avoidance of trigger factors, nasal washing, and sprays that we use in allergic rhinitis are used. […] It is beneficial to avoid cigarette smoke, not to smoke at home, and to prevent smoking in common areas. Items such as cleaning supplies and household sprays can be avoided. […] Simply washing the nose with salt water is beneficial for both allergic rhinitis and non-allergic rhinitis, especially for postnasal drip. […] Sprays with steroids and antihistamines can reduce symptoms when decongestants are used regularly and correctly. Treatment of nonallergic rhinitis is generally a long-term treatment, and the dose of drugs should be reduced, and the course of the disease should be done under the control of a specialist.

• #79 Nonallergic Rhinitis – Causes, Symptoms and Treatment | Apollo Hospitals

  https://www.apollohospitals.com/diseases-and-conditions/nonallergic-rhinitis-causes-symptoms-and-treatment

  How can nonallergic rhinitis be prevented? […] Avoid overutilizing nasal sprays […] Be aware of the risk factors […] Get treated early.

• #80 Nonallergic rhinopathy – UF Health

  https://ufhealth.org/conditions-and-treatments/nonallergic-rhinopathy

  The main treatment is simply avoiding the things that trigger your symptoms. […] Ask your provider if decongestants or nasal sprays containing an antihistamine are right for you. Corticosteroid nasal sprays may be useful for some forms of nonallergic rhinopathy.

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