Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Blood In Semen (Hematospermia): Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/symptoms/blood-in-semen-hematospermia

  Blood in semen usually isnt a symptom of a serious health problem. […] But you should see a healthcare provider for an exam and to discuss your concerns. […] You may feel frightened to see blood in your semen. But its rarely a symptom of a major health problem. […] However, its a good idea to see a healthcare provider to fully discuss it. […] Seeing blood in your semen isnt normal. Its a good idea to talk to a healthcare provider if you notice blood in your semen, especially if you notice it more than once. […] Treating blood in semen varies according to: […] If a healthcare provider identifies a cause, theyll prescribe an appropriate treatment. Treatment may include: […] Talk to a healthcare provider as soon as you notice blood in your semen. […] Hematospermia is usually not a serious problem. But its always a good idea to see a healthcare provider any time you develop a new symptom, especially one thats as alarming as blood in your semen. […] Even though most causes of blood in semen arent serious and go away without treatment, a provider should still determine its cause.

• #2 Blood in semen (haematospermia): causes and treatment | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/blood-in-semen

  Blood in semen is also known as haematospermia. […] Blood in semen can be a sign of infection or rarely, prostate cancer. […] It usually goes away on its own without the need for treatment. […] The treatment for blood in semen depends on the underlying cause. Blood in semen often has no obvious cause, and no treatment is needed. […] If it is caused by an infection, you may need antibiotics. […] If an enlarged prostate is the cause of the blood, there are medicines that help to shrink your prostate. This may take several months. […] If blood in your semen is an after-effect of a procedure like a vasectomy, your surgeon can advise you on how long this is expected to last. […] If the cause is a blockage, a urologist may carry out a procedure to clear the blockage. […] Prostate cancer is treated with: surgery, radiation therapy, hormonal therapy.

• #3 Evaluation and Treatment of Hematospermia | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2009/1215/p1421.html

  Hematospermia can be a distressing symptom for patients, but most cases are effectively managed by a primary care physician. […] In men younger than 40 years without risk factors (e.g., history of cancer, known urogenital malformation, bleeding disorders) and in men with no associated symptoms, hematospermia is often self-limited and requires no further evaluation or treatment other than patient reassurance. […] Many cases are attributable to sexually transmitted infections or other urogenital infections in men younger than 40 years who present with hematospermia associated with lower urinary tract symptoms. […] In men 40 years and older, iatrogenic hematospermia from urogenital instrumentation or prostate biopsy is the most common cause of blood in the semen. […] However, recurrent or persistent hematospermia or associated symptoms (e.g., fever, chills, weight loss, bone pain) should prompt further investigation, starting with a prostate examination and prostate-specific antigen testing to evaluate for prostate cancer.

• #4 Evaluation and Treatment of Hematospermia | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2009/1215/p1421.html

  Patients with risk factors or associated symptoms, patients 40 years and older, and patients with persistent or recurrent hematospermia need more extensive evaluation and may need to be referred to a urologist. […] If treatment is necessary, it should be directed at the diagnosed etiology. Appropriate antibiotics are indicated in patients with genitourinary infection. […] If infection is suspected, yet none is found, empiric two-week treatment with an antibiotic that penetrates the prostate-blood barrier (e.g., fluoroquinolones, doxycycline, trimethoprim, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole [Bactrim, Septra]) may be beneficial, with follow-up if symptoms recur or persist. […] Iatrogenic causes of hematospermia usually resolve spontaneously within a few weeks or approximately 10 ejaculations.

• #5 Blood in Semen: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

  https://patient.info/mens-health/haematospermia

  Haematospermia means there is blood in the semen. Usually there are no other symptoms such as pain. […] In men under 40 years old it is usually harmless and resolves without any treatment. However, it can also be caused by a number of conditions that need investigations and treatment. […] Primary haematospermia is harmless and gets better without any treatment. […] The treatment for secondary haematospermia will depend on the underlying condition. The haematospermia itself does not need any treatment. […] If you have persistent haematospermia without an identified cause then a type of medicine called a 5-alpha reductase inhibitor such as finasteride or dutasteride may be effective. However, it may take six months before the haematospermia improves. […] For younger men with persistent haematospermia of unknown cause, a one-month treatment with an antibiotic medicine called doxycycline may be useful.

• #6 Blood in semen – Augusta HealthSearchClose SearchSearch IconSearch IconClose Search IconMobile Menu IconMobile Menu Close IconInstagramFacebookTwitterYoutube

  https://www.augustahealth.com/symptom/blood-in-semen/

  Blood in semen can be scary. But the cause most often is not cancer. Blood in semen, also called hematospermia, most often goes away on its own. […] If you see blood in your semen, it’s likely to clear up without treatment. However, it’s a good idea to make an appointment with a healthcare professional. A physical exam and simple blood or urine tests are often all that is necessary to identify or rule out many causes, such as infections. […] If you have certain risk factors and symptoms, you might need more testing to rule out a more serious condition. Call your healthcare professional about blood in semen if you: Have blood in semen that lasts longer than 3 to 4 weeks. Keep seeing blood in semen. Have other symptoms, such as pain while urinating or pain with ejaculation. Have other risk factors such as having a history of cancer, bleeding conditions or having recently had sex that puts you at risk of sexually transmitted infections.

• #7 Hematospermia: etiology, diagnosis, and treatment

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5904639/

  Hematospermia is a relatively frequent, distressing, and frightening symptom for the majority of men. […] Treatment for hematospermia depends on the underlying pathological lesions, but often involves only minimal examinations and simple reassurance in most cases. Hematospermia caused by genitourinary infections is effectively treated with appropriate antiviral, antibiotic, or antiparasitic agents. Hematospermia due to malignant disorders including prostate, testis, and seminal vesicle cancers resolves with definitive treatment of the primary lesions. […] Specific treatment for hematospermia depends on the underlying pathological lesions but often involves only minimal examinations and simple reassurance in most cases. Hematospermia due to malignant disorders including prostate, testis, and seminal vesicle cancers resolves with definitive treatment of the primary lesions.

• #8 Blood in Semen: Causes, Related Symptoms, Tests, and Treatments

  https://www.webmd.com/men/blood-in-semen-hematospermia-causes-symptoms-tests-treatments

  Blood in Semen: Tests and Evaluation […] Treatment for Blood in Semen […] Antibiotics are used for infections. […] An anti-inflammatory medication may be prescribed for some types of inflammation. […] If an STD is the culprit, the doctor will treat that condition. […] When blood in semen stems from a recent urology procedure, such as a prostate biopsy, it usually disappears by itself in a matter of weeks. […] If you have repeated episodes of blood in the semen along with painful urinary or ejaculatory symptoms, the doctor may refer you to a urologist. […] If the doctor suspects prostate cancer, or another form of cancer, the doctor may ask for a prostate biopsy to evaluate the tissue for cancer.

• #9 Blood in semen: Causes and treatment

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/blood-in-semen

  Doctors call blood in the semen hematospermia. […] In many cases, bloody semen does not require any treatment at all. […] However, they may need treatment if there is an infection or a blockage. Some potential treatment options include: antibiotics, for bacterial prostatitis and UTIs; anti-inflammatory medications, to treat inflammation; surgery, to remove blockages or treat problems with blood vessels; treatments for underlying conditions, such as STIs or chronic liver disease; medication, chemotherapy, or surgery, for tumors and other forms of cancer. […] Some doctors may recommend antibiotics even when they are unable to find an infection. In fact, one 2014 study found that a combination of antibiotics and an anti-inflammatory drug relieved symptoms in 96% of cases.

• #10 Hematospermia Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Surgical Care, Long-Term Monitoring

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/457632-treatment

  The primary goal in the management of hematospermia is to properly counsel patients who have a condition that can be extremely anxiety-provoking but is often self-limited and benign. Hematospermia is rarely associated with significant pathology, especially in younger men. […] Urogenital infections require appropriate antibiotic therapy, which normally resolves the problem. In all men, enterobacteria (especially Escherichia coli) should be covered if empiric therapy is used. […] A fluoroquinolone should adequately treat both organisms. […] If the patient is allergic to fluoroquinolones or cannot afford this class of drugs, a combination of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and doxycycline is often successful. […] Multiple clinical studies have shown that transurethral endoscopy of the seminal vesicles is a safe and effective treatment for hematospermia.

• #11 Haematospermia

  https://www.racgp.org.au/afp/2015/december/haematospermia

  It is particularly useful in elderly patients with benign prostatic bleeding; however, patients should be warned that it may take six months before the haematospermia improves. […] For younger men with persistent idiopathic haematospermia, it is reasonable to consider treatment with one month of doxycycline.

• #12 Blood in Semen: 10 Causes (& How to Treat) – Tua Saúde

  https://www.tuasaude.com/en/blood-in-semen/

  Blood in the semen is typically a symptom of direct trauma, anticoagulant use or recent penile biopsies or tests. However it can also be a sign of a more serious health condition, like a sexually transmitted infection (STI), prostatitis or cancer. […] Semen with blood is usually not a serious finding and tends to resolve on its own within a few days without any specific treatment. […] However, if you notice blood in the semen frequently, or if it persists for over 3 days, you should see a urologist for further assessment and treatment as necessary. […] If bleeding lasts for more than 3 days, you should see a urologist. Be sure to report all medications you are currently taking to assess the need for an alternative or discontinuation. […] If you suspect you have genital inflammation, you should see a urologist for further assessment and treatment as necessary, which may include antibiotics, anti-inflammatories or analgesics.

• #13 Hematospermia Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Surgical Care, Long-Term Monitoring

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/457632-treatment

  For calculi in the ejaculatory ducts or seminal vesicles, Oh and Seo reported successful resolution of hematospermia in 13 of 15 patients with endoscopic treatment and a holmium laser. […] Currently, no evidence suggests that the injection of any substance, coagulant or sclerosant, has any role in the management of hematospermia. […] In men with coexisting bladder outlet obstruction, a 5-alpha reductase inhibitor may be used. […] A prospective controlled study also showed that treatment with the 5-alpha reductase inhibitor finasteride, 5 mg daily for 3 months, produced subjective relief of idiopathic refractory hematospermia in 8 of 12 patients within 2-5 weeks; remission was confirmed by semen analysis. […] Patients in whom bleeding prostatic variceal veins are suggested as the cause of hematospermia are candidates for fulguration.

• #14 Hematospermia (blood in semen) | The Urology Group of Virginia

  https://www.urologygroupvirginia.com/urologic-care/hematuria/hematospermia-blood-in-semen

  Hematospermia is the word used to describe the presence of blood in the semen. Blood in the semen is actually a fairly common condition. It is almost always a benign condition that is not a sign of anything which would potentially pose a threat to a mans health. […] When blood is present in the semen, it arises from either the seminal vesicle or prostate. […] Provided the above examinations show normal findings, nothing further needs to be done. Hematospermia usually resolves on its own over time. […] If there is a persistent hematospermia, then treatment with Proscar (finasteride) for several months may be recommended. Proscar is a drug that was designed to reduce the size of the prostate in men with BPH (benign prostatic hyperplasia), which is the normal enlargement of the prostate that occurs in all men starting at the age of 40. Although Proscar has only limited usefulness in men with BPH it has been very effective for treating hematospermia. […] Overall, hematospermia is a benign condition. With the above office examination, the physician can determine if there are any significant problems present. If the examination is okay, then typically nothing further needs to be done.

• #15 Blood in Semen: 14 Causes and What to Do Next

  https://www.businessinsider.com/guides/health/conditions-symptoms/blood-in-semen

  If blood in your semen lasts longer than this, you’ll want to let your doctor know right away. […] Treatment for BPH may consist of medications to relax your bladder and shrink your prostate, including 5-alpha reductase inhibitors like finasteride and dutasteride or alpha blockers such as alfuzosin and tamsulosin. […] If you notice blood in your semen, along with any symptoms of the above conditions, it’s best to check in with your doctor as soon as you can. […] Your doctor might recommend a physical exam of your genitals and prostate to check for abnormalities or STIs, a urinalysis to test for infections, STI testing, or a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test to check for prostate cancer. […] However, since bloody semen may, in some cases, have a more serious cause, you’ll want to make an appointment with your doctor if it keeps happening, or if you’re over the age of 40. They can help identify the source and offer more information about your options for treatment.

• #16 Evaluation and Treatment of Hematospermia | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2009/1215/p1421.html

  Other treatments for hematospermia are usually initiated under the direction of a urologist, and include transurethral endoscopic resection, incision, fulguration, or marsupialization. […] Men with recurrent or persistent isolated hematospermia or symptomatic men in whom an etiology is not elucidated require follow-up within three to six months to reassess symptoms and potential etiologic factors.

• #17 Blood in Semen – Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment in Dubai

  https://emirateshospitals.ae/symptoms/blood-in-semen-causes-diagnosis-and-treatment/

  Blood in semen, medically termed hematospermia, can be a concerning symptom, although it’s often benign, especially in men under 40. It can manifest as a small streak of blood or a more noticeable reddish or brownish discoloration of the ejaculate. While sometimes alarming, hematospermia frequently resolves on its own. […] Treatment for hematospermia depends on the underlying cause: […] If an infection is present, antibiotics will be prescribed. […] For prostatitis, treatment may involve antibiotics, anti-inflammatory medications, or alpha-blockers to relax the prostate muscles. […] If a structural abnormality like a urethral stricture is identified, a urologist may perform a procedure to widen the urethra. […] In cases where a more serious condition, like cancer, is diagnosed, treatment will be tailored to the specific cancer.

• #18 Blood in semen (haematospermia) | nidirect

  https://www.nidirect.gov.uk/conditions/blood-semen-haematospermia

  It’s unusual to find blood in your semen when you ejaculate. However, try not to worry. It’s usually only temporary, and the cause is rarely anything serious. See your GP to find out what’s causing it. […] The treatment your GP or urologist recommends will depend on what they think is causing the blood in your semen. […] In many cases, particularly if you have no other symptoms or the blood in your semen was an isolated incident, no treatment is necessary. The problem will usually get better on its own. […] If a clear reason is found, your treatment will depend on the cause. For example, you may be given antibiotics to treat an infection and cysts may need to be drained with a needle. […] If there’s a serious cause, such as a blood clotting disorder or cancer, you’ll be referred to a specialist for any necessary treatment.

• #19 Blood in the Semen: Causes, Symptoms & Treatments

  https://www.healthline.com/health/blood-in-the-semen

  Seeing blood in your semen can be startling. Its uncommon, and it rarely signals a serious problem, especially in men under the age of 40. Blood in the semen (hematospermia) often doesnt last long, as its usually a self-resolving problem. […] Depending on the cause of the blood in your semen, you might be able to treat yourself at home. If the underlying cause requires medical treatment, your doctor will work with you to decide the course that is right for you. […] If the blood in your semen is caused by an infection, your doctor will prescribe antibiotics. Anti-inflammatory medications are available if swelling alone is the cause. […] If cancer is causing the blood in your semen, your doctor will probably refer you to a specialist (oncologist) who will determine the best treatment. […] If you continue to experience bloody semen, ask your doctor for a referral to a urologist. This specialty doctor can help treat any serious underlying causes of blood in your semen.

• #20 Hematospermia – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/hematospermia

  Hematospermia, the presence of grossly bloody or blood-tinged penile (seminal) ejaculate, is an uncommon condition. While it is usually alarming to patients, the cause is almost always benign. […] This topic will review the etiology, evaluation, and treatment of hematospermia. […] TREATMENT […] Reassurance for most patients […] Patients with identified abnormalities […] Limited role for presumptive prostatitis therapy […] Emerging therapies. […] The most common cause of hematospermia is a prostate biopsy. Hematospermia occurs in more than 80 percent of men undergoing prostate biopsy and lasts for an average of three to four weeks. Hematospermia is also common after radiation treatment for prostate cancer, occurring in as many as 25 percent of patients after external beam radiation and 17 percent after brachytherapy. In addition, vasectomy can cause hematospermia for a week or more.

• #21 Haematospermia (Blood in sperm) | Doctor

  https://patient.info/doctor/haematospermia

  The presence of blood in the ejaculate is called haematospermia. Although often alarming to patients, it is usually a benign, isolated, and self-limiting symptom. […] Treatment depends on the underlying cause. […] Where a specific cause is identified, it should be treated; for example, appropriate antibiotics if an infectious cause is isolated. […] In people under the age of 40, with a normal examination and reassuring/normal initial investigations, a serious cause is very unlikely. Patients can be reassured that the haematospermia is likely to resolve on its own with time, but that they should return if it recurs. […] Consider referring men over 40 to a urologist, if initial primary care investigations do not reveal a cause. […] Likewise, refer to urology if haematospermia persists or recurs without any clear cause, or persists despite treatment of a presumed cause.

• #22 Blood in semen

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/symptoms/blood-in-semen/basics/when-to-see-doctor/sym-20050603

  If you see blood in your semen, it’s likely to clear up without treatment. However, it’s a good idea to make an appointment with a healthcare professional. A physical exam and simple blood or urine tests are often all that is necessary to identify or rule out many causes, such as infections. […] If you have certain risk factors and symptoms, you might need more testing to rule out a more serious condition. Call your healthcare professional about blood in semen if you: […] Have blood in semen that lasts longer than 3 to 4 weeks. […] Keep seeing blood in semen. […] Have other symptoms, such as pain while urinating or pain with ejaculation. […] Have other risk factors such as having a history of cancer, bleeding conditions or having recently had sex that puts you at risk of sexually transmitted infections.

• #23 Haematospermia (Blood in sperm) | Doctor

  https://patient.info/doctor/haematospermia

  Expert consensus suggests that 10 or more unexplained episodes of haematospermia should trigger referral. […] Refer men with cysts/calculi of the prostate/seminal vesicles to urology. […] Haematospermia that occurs as a result of a prostate biopsy, brachytherapy, or other urological procedure should resolve within three to four weeks. […] Open vesiculectomy surgery has been considered the definitive form of haematospermia treatment; however, it can be associated with significant morbidity. […] Laparoscopic vesiculectomy may be a safe and feasible approach and has showed good outcomes and minimal morbidity.

• #24 Hematospermia Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Surgical Care, Long-Term Monitoring

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/457632-treatment

  Endoscopy of the ejaculatory ducts and seminal vesicles uses a semirigid ureteroscope to cannulate the ejaculatory duct and allows the surgeon to examine the duct, seminal vesicle, and ampulla of the vas. […] In the absence of recurrence, no specific follow-up for hematospermia is warranted. Chronic (2 mo) or recurrent hematospermia should be evaluated on the basis of the associated clinical features.

• #25 Blood in the semen Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/symptoms/blood-in-the-semen

  Blood in the semen is called hematospermia. It may be in amounts too small to be seen except with a microscope, or it may be visible in the ejaculation fluid. […] Always contact your health care provider if you notice any blood in your semen. […] The following steps may help ease discomfort from a prostate infection or urinary infection: Take over-the-counter pain relievers such as ibuprofen or naproxen. Drink plenty of fluids. Eat high-fiber foods to make bowel movements easier. […] You may need the following tests: Prostate exam, PSA blood test, Semen analysis, Semen culture, Ultrasound or MRI of the prostate, pelvis or scrotum, Urinalysis, Urine culture.

• #26 Blood In Semen (Hematospermia): Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://www.lifecell.in/blog/general/blood-in-semen?srsltid=AfmBOorIbBMK_QBJ6ctRFT-HHp05TMiZkiZVbtLkpmVRkNFzt2UCR2jN

  Treatment of hematospermia depends upon its causes. In most cases, no treatment is necessary, and the condition self-remits. However, for those who require treatment, it may include: […] Antibiotics: If the hematospermia is due to a bacterial infection or a sexually transmitted infection, the problem is cleared up with a course of antibiotics. […] Prostate Problem Treatment: Men with prostate-related conditions, such as BPH or infections, may need medication or other treatments to address their condition and prevent further recurrence. […] Rest: If the blood in semen is the cause of trauma or overexertion, rest and avoiding strenuous exercises and sexual intercourse can be beneficial. Complications Related To Untreated Hematospermia. […] Therefore prompt treatment is important to prevent severe complications.

• #27 Blood In Semen: What Causes It And When To Get Treatment?

  https://elyonclinic.com.sg/blood-in-semen-what-causes-it-and-when-to-get-treatment/

  While having ample rest and drinking lots of fluid may help, especially if the bloody semen is caused by trauma, make sure to check for other symptoms that may indicate a more serious problem, which includes pain, fever, swelling, etc. […] Elyon Family Clinic & Surgery specialises in women’s and men’s reproductive health, infectious diseases, and testosterone deficiency in Singapore. […] We are an accredited clinic experienced in treating STIs and performing various screenings related to STDs.

• #28 Hematospermia – Dr Ben Medical – Men’s Health Clinic | Women’s Health Singapore

  https://dbclinic.com.sg/hematospermia/

  If the cause for blood in your semen is established, your doctor will recommend and subsequently prescribe appropriate treatments such as antibiotics if you have an infection, anti-inflammatory medications, and medicines to treat other medical conditions. […] If any other underlying causes are identified, appropriate treatment will be offered accordingly. […] Hematospermia is not a transmissible condition, so it is not dangerous for your partner. However, if the presence of blood in your semen is caused by a sexually transmitted condition such as gonorrhea, HIV or chlamydia, you will need the appropriate treatment to ensure your partner does not contract the disease or infection. […] In most cases, hematospermia will not affect your fertility. However, if your condition is caused by an underlying health condition such as testicular cancer, it can potentially affect your reproductive capabilities.

• #29 Possible causes of blood in the semen – IVI UK

  https://www.ivi.uk/blog/causes-blood-in-semen/

  Blood in semen, or hematospermia, may cause considerable distress to patients who experience it. Fortunately, it is most often a benign, self-limited and isolated symptom that resolves without any medical intervention. […] How is blood in the semen treated? In most cases, and particularly if the blood in the semen was an isolated occurrence, no treatment will be necessary. In the case of an identified reason the treatment will, of course, depend on the underlying cause. […] If you are faced with such diagnosis and the need for treatment, it is vital that you talk to your urologist about your prospects for parenthood. There are two main possibilities: If the tumour is confined and showing a slow-growing evolution, an initial regime of watchful waiting, or active surveillance may be appropriate. If you do require surgery or other treatment such as radiotherapy or chemotherapy, you may need to consider banking your sperm. This consists of freezing one or more sperm samples, so that in the event of the treatment resulting in infertility, you could still father a child through the use of your own frozen sperm by an IVF procedure.

• #30 Pyospermia: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15220-pyospermia

  Pyospermia can be serious if you wish to have a biological child. But it depends on its severity. A serious level of pyospermia can affect your ability to have a biological child (fertility). But asymptomatic pyospermia wont affect your fertility. Asymptomatic pyospermia means you have high levels of white blood cells, but they dont cause any symptoms. […] Talk to a healthcare provider if you notice any changes to your semen. They can diagnose the cause and recommend the appropriate treatment. […] Your treatment depends on whats causing pyospermia. In some cases, pyospermia may get better on its own. […] Eliminating white blood cells from semen can improve sperm function and increase pregnancy rates. A healthcare provider may prescribe antibiotics to treat pyospermia, even if your urine and sperm cultures dont show any bacteria. Be sure to take the full course of antibiotics. If you dont finish the entire course, an infection can return and be more challenging to treat.

• #31 Pyospermia: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15220-pyospermia

  With proper treatment, the outlook for many people who have pyospermia is good. After treatment, sperm quality often gets better. […] Pyospermia can make it more challenging to get pregnant, but its still possible. If you cant get pregnant for over a year, you may have one or more other conditions (comorbidities) that make pregnancy difficult. A healthcare provider may recommend fertility treatments to help you and your partner achieve pregnancy, including in vitro fertilization (IVF) or intrauterine insemination (IUI).

• #32 Blood in semen (haematospermia) – Birmingham Urology Centre

  https://birminghamurologycentre.com/conditions/haematospermia-blood-in-semen/

  Haematospermia, or blood in the semen, is a condition where blood is present in the ejaculate. While it can be alarming, it is often benign and self-limiting. However, it can sometimes indicate underlying medical conditions that require attention. […] Treatment for haematospermia depends on the underlying cause: […] Monitoring: In cases where no serious cause is identified, haematuria often resolves without treatment. Monitoring and reassurance may be sufficient. […] Infections: Antibiotics to treat bacterial infections. […] Inflammation: Anti-inflammatory medications in cases of inflammation or irritation. […] Procedures: Surgical intervention for underlying conditions such as cysts, stones, uretral strictures or varicoceles. […] While haematospermia can be distressing, it is often benign and resolves without intervention. Treatment, if necessary, focuses on addressing underlying causes identified through comprehensive evaluation and may include observation, medications, or surgical intervention as appropriate.

• #33 Should every patient with hematospermia be investigated? A critical review

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3921834/

  In the majority of cases, a firm reassurance is particularly sufficient in patients with minimal risk factors aged below 40 years. […] If the condition is found to be idiopathic, it is important to thoroughly explain the situation to the patient in detail in order to alleviate his anxiety. […] Patients with hematospermia and highrisk factors, i.e. aged over 40 years, recurrent or persistent hematospermia, hematuria, or familial history of PCa, require more extensive evaluation and should be referred to a urologist for specialist consultation. […] When treatment is deemed necessary it should be directed by the diagnosed etiology. […] The most common pathogens in such cases are Chlamydia, gonorrhea, and herpes simplex, all of which can be treated with a course of antibiotic therapy. […] A cystoscopy can reveal abnormal urethral and/or prostatic vessels, which can be treated using endoscopic fulguration.

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