Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Giardiasis: What It Is, Symptoms, Treatments & Medications

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15238-giardiasis

  Giardiasis is a common illness caused by a parasite that may result in diarrhea and stomach cramps. The Giardia parasite can spread through contaminated water, food and surfaces, and from contact with someone who has it. Giardiasis is an intestinal infection caused by a microscopic parasite called Giardia. This parasite lives all over the world, especially in bodies of water. If you accidentally swallow it, it takes up residence in your small intestine and multiplies, feeding off the nutrients there. This can cause a variety of intestinal symptoms, including foul-smelling diarrhea, bloating and gas, stomach cramps, nausea and fatigue. Giardiasis symptoms can be mild to severe, and some people never have symptoms. The infection typically clears by itself after a few weeks, but people with weaker immune systems may have a harder time clearing it. A healthcare provider can prescribe antiparasitic medications for giardiasis if you need them. Sometimes, people continue to have symptoms for weeks to months after the infection has gone. About half of people never develop symptoms of giardiasis. Among those who do, common symptoms include watery diarrhea, fatty or greasy poop that floats, stomach pain and cramping, intestinal gas and bloating, nausea and loss of appetite, and increasing fatigue. Most people have short-term symptoms during their infection, but occasionally, some people have longer-lasting or recurring symptoms. They might develop dehydration and weight loss from the chronic diarrhea and nausea. Sometimes, they develop lasting digestive difficulties, like lactose intolerance. The incubation period for giardiasis is one to two weeks from infection. Symptoms typically last between two and six weeks, but in some people, they can last longer. Giardia infection doesn’t always cause noticeable symptoms, but it can. Some symptoms are due to the parasite itself, and others are due to your body activating to remove the parasite. Diarrhea, swelling and skin reactions are symptoms of inflammation, part of your immune system’s response. Possible complications include dehydration, gastrointestinal disease, and autoimmune disease.

• #2 Patient education: Giardia (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/giardia-beyond-the-basics/print

  Giardia (also called giardiasis or Giardia infection) is an infection of the gastrointestinal tract caused by a microscopic organism called Giardia lamblia. This parasite, which also goes by the names Giardia duodenalis or Giardia intestinalis, resides in the gut and can cause diarrhea and stomach discomfort (nausea, stomachache). It is one of the most common gastrointestinal parasites; it is estimated that over 300 million cases occur globally each year. […] Giardia infections do not always cause symptoms. Some people carry the organism without ever knowing it. Some people develop symptoms and then get better without treatment because they combat the infection on their own. When symptoms do arise, they can include: Diarrhea that often comes on suddenly and may be initially watery, malaise (a vague feeling of discomfort) or fatigue, foul-smelling and fatty stools, abdominal cramps, gas, and bloating, nausea or vomiting, weight loss, poor growth.

• #3

  https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/Infectious/factsheets/Pages/giardiasis.aspx

  Giardiasis is an infection mainly of the small intestine caused by the parasite Giardia lamblia. Giardiasis can affect anyone; however, it is more common in infants, young children and young adults. […] The most common symptoms of giardiasis are diarrhoea, stomach cramps, bloating, nausea, loose and pale greasy stools, fatigue, and if symptoms persist, weight loss. The first signs of illness can appear from 3 to over 25 days after a person becomes infected. The infection can last for months if untreated. […] Giardiasis can only be accurately diagnosed through an examination of the faeces, by a test that is ordered by a doctor. See your doctor if you have symptoms.

• #4 Giardiasis: What It Is, Symptoms, Treatments & Medications

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15238-giardiasis

  Giardiasis is a common illness caused by a parasite that may result in diarrhea and stomach cramps. The Giardia parasite can spread through contaminated water, food and surfaces, and from contact with someone who has it. Giardiasis is an intestinal infection caused by a microscopic parasite called Giardia. This parasite lives all over the world, especially in bodies of water. If you accidentally swallow it, it takes up residence in your small intestine and multiplies, feeding off the nutrients there. This can cause a variety of intestinal symptoms, including foul-smelling diarrhea, bloating and gas, stomach cramps, nausea and fatigue. Giardiasis symptoms can be mild to severe, and some people never have symptoms. The infection typically clears by itself after a few weeks, but people with weaker immune systems may have a harder time clearing it. A healthcare provider can prescribe antiparasitic medications for giardiasis if you need them. Sometimes, people continue to have symptoms for weeks to months after the infection has gone. About half of people never develop symptoms of giardiasis. Among those who do, common symptoms include watery diarrhea, fatty or greasy poop that floats, stomach pain and cramping, intestinal gas and bloating, nausea and loss of appetite, and increasing fatigue. Most people have short-term symptoms during their infection, but occasionally, some people have longer-lasting or recurring symptoms. They might develop dehydration and weight loss from the chronic diarrhea and nausea. Sometimes, they develop lasting digestive difficulties, like lactose intolerance. The incubation period for giardiasis is one to two weeks from infection. Symptoms typically last between two and six weeks, but in some people, they can last longer. Giardia infection doesn’t always cause noticeable symptoms, but it can. Some symptoms are due to the parasite itself, and others are due to your body activating to remove the parasite. Diarrhea, swelling and skin reactions are symptoms of inflammation, part of your immune system’s response. Possible complications include dehydration, gastrointestinal disease, and autoimmune disease.

• #5 Extra-intestinal and long term consequences of Giardia duodenalis infections

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3870550/

  Giardiasis is the most common waterborne parasitic infection of the human intestine worldwide. Giardiasis can present with a broad range of clinical manifestations from asymptomatic, to acute or chronic diarrheal disease associated with abdominal pain and nausea. Most infections are self-limiting, although re-infection and chronic infection can occur. The clinical manifestations can range from asymptomatic, to acute or chronic diarrheal disease. When present, the clinical signs of infection may include diarrhea, nausea, weight loss, bloating and abdominal pain. The pathophysiology of giardiasis, and key aspects of the host response to Giardia remains incompletely understood. Giardia infections tend to be self-limiting in individuals with competent immune systems. In addition to its acute symptoms, giardiasis may also cause anorexia and failure to thrive. Indeed, Giardia infections may have detrimental effects on nutritional status, growth status and cognitive function in humans. Giardiasis is now a well established cause of failure to thrive, stunting and growth retardation in human and animals, diminished cognitive functions, and chronic fatigue. Recent evidence now indicates that a proportion of patients diagnosed with Giardia duodenalis will also develop PI-IBS symptoms in the absence of detectable parasitic loads. Chronic giardiasis resembles IBS, and symptomatic infection may exacerbate existing IBS.

• #6 Giardia Infection: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

  https://patient.info/travel-and-vaccinations/travellers-diarrhoea-leaflet/giardia

  Giardiasis is an infection of the bowels (a gastroenteritis infection). Giardia intestinalis is a protozoan parasite. A protozoa is a microscopic, single-celled organism. […] In about half the people infected with giardia, there are no symptoms of giardiasis following infection as it is cleared by their immune system. […] If symptoms do occur, they usually develop one to two weeks after first contact with the giardia. Symptoms of giardia infection can be divided into sudden-onset (acute) and persistent (chronic) diarrhoea symptoms. […] Acute diarrhoea is the most common presentation of giardia infection. There is a sudden onset of diarrhoea which is often explosive and watery. […] Other very common symptoms are: Nausea (feeling sick). Cramping abdominal pains. Bloating. Farting (passing wind) a lot with very smelly farts.

• #7 Giardiasis Fact Sheet – MN Dept. of Health

  https://www.health.state.mn.us/diseases/giardiasis/giardia.html

  Giardia is a parasite that causes a diarrheal illness called giardiasis. […] Symptoms of giardiasis usually include: Diarrhea, Greasy stools that can float, Gas and bloating, Stomach cramps, Loss of appetite, Weight loss, Slight fever. […] Symptoms generally begin 1 to 3 weeks after exposure. […] Symptoms typically last about 2 to 6 weeks in healthy persons.

• #8 Giardia infection (giardiasis) – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/giardia-infection/symptoms-causes/syc-20372786

  Giardia infection is an intestinal infection marked by stomach cramps, bloating, nausea and bouts of watery diarrhea. […] For those who do get sick, signs and symptoms usually appear one to three weeks after exposure and may include: Watery, sometimes foul-smelling diarrhea that may alternate with soft, greasy stools, Fatigue, Stomach cramps and bloating, Gas, Nausea, Weight loss. […] Signs and symptoms of giardia infection may last two to six weeks, but in some people they last longer or recur.

• #9 Giardiasis (beaver fever)

  https://www.health.ny.gov/diseases/communicable/giardiasis/fact_sheet.htm

  Giardiasis is an intestinal (bowel) illness caused by a microscopic parasite called Giardia. It is a common illness that causes diarrhea (loose stool/poop). The most common way people get sick with giardiasis is by swallowing contaminated water, but people can also get sick from contaminated food, surfaces, and objects. […] People exposed to Giardia may experience mild or severe diarrhea (loose stool/poop), gas, stomach cramps, nausea (a feeling of upset in the stomach), or dehydration (loss of water in the body causing weakness of dizziness). Some people experience no symptoms at all. Fever is rarely present. Occasionally, some people will have chronic diarrhea over several weeks or months, with significant weight loss. […] The symptoms may appear from 3 to 25 days after exposure but usually within 7 to 14 days.

• #10 Symptoms of Giardia Infection | Giardia | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/giardia/signs-symptoms/index.html

  Diarrhea is the most common symptom of Giardia infection. […] Giardia can cause short-term symptoms, long-term symptoms, or no symptoms at all. […] Symptoms often begin by having diarrhea 2 to 5 times per day and feeling more and more tired. However, Giardia infections do not always cause symptoms. […] Common short-term symptoms include: Diarrhea, Gas, Smelly, greasy poop that can float, Stomach cramps or pain, Upset stomach or nausea, Dehydration (loss of fluids). […] Symptoms usually start 1 to 2 weeks after swallowing Giardia germs. They typically last for 2 to 6 weeks. Symptoms may last longer than 6 weeks, especially if you have a weakened immune system (for example, due to an illness such as HIV). […] Occasionally, Giardia infection causes long-term symptoms that can last for years.

• #11 About Giardia Infection | Giardia | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/giardia/about/index.html

  Symptoms usually begin by having diarrhea 2 to 5 times per day and feeling more and more tired. […] Symptoms usually begin 1 to 2 weeks after becoming infected with Giardia and last for 2 to 6 weeks. Occasionally, people have long-term symptoms that can last for years.

• #12 Giardia infection (giardiasis) – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/giardia-infection/symptoms-causes/syc-20372786

  Giardia infection is an intestinal infection marked by stomach cramps, bloating, nausea and bouts of watery diarrhea. […] For those who do get sick, signs and symptoms usually appear one to three weeks after exposure and may include: Watery, sometimes foul-smelling diarrhea that may alternate with soft, greasy stools, Fatigue, Stomach cramps and bloating, Gas, Nausea, Weight loss. […] Signs and symptoms of giardia infection may last two to six weeks, but in some people they last longer or recur.

• #13 Symptoms of Giardia Infection | Giardia | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/giardia/signs-symptoms/index.html

  Diarrhea is the most common symptom of Giardia infection. […] Giardia can cause short-term symptoms, long-term symptoms, or no symptoms at all. […] Symptoms often begin by having diarrhea 2 to 5 times per day and feeling more and more tired. However, Giardia infections do not always cause symptoms. […] Common short-term symptoms include: Diarrhea, Gas, Smelly, greasy poop that can float, Stomach cramps or pain, Upset stomach or nausea, Dehydration (loss of fluids). […] Symptoms usually start 1 to 2 weeks after swallowing Giardia germs. They typically last for 2 to 6 weeks. Symptoms may last longer than 6 weeks, especially if you have a weakened immune system (for example, due to an illness such as HIV). […] Occasionally, Giardia infection causes long-term symptoms that can last for years.

• #14 Giardiasis Fact Sheet – MN Dept. of Health

  https://www.health.state.mn.us/diseases/giardiasis/giardia.html

  Giardia is a parasite that causes a diarrheal illness called giardiasis. […] Symptoms of giardiasis usually include: Diarrhea, Greasy stools that can float, Gas and bloating, Stomach cramps, Loss of appetite, Weight loss, Slight fever. […] Symptoms generally begin 1 to 3 weeks after exposure. […] Symptoms typically last about 2 to 6 weeks in healthy persons.

• #15 Giardiasis Clinical Presentation: History, Physical Examination

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/176718-clinical

  Clinical signs and symptoms of giardiasis include the following: Diarrhea, malaise, weakness, abdominal distention, flatulence, abdominal cramps, nausea, malodorous, greasy stools, anorexia, weight loss, vomiting, low-grade fever (infrequent), and various neurologic symptoms (eg, irritability, sleep disorder, mental depression, neurasthenia) […] Diarrhea is the most common symptom of acute Giardia infection, occurring in 90% of symptomatic subjects. Abdominal cramping, bloating, and flatulence occur in 70-75% of symptomatic patients. […] Symptoms of chronic infection include chronic diarrhea, malaise, nausea, and anorexia. Weight loss, as much as 10-15 pounds in adults, occurs in approximately 66% of symptomatic patients. Chronic sporadic diarrhea may continue for months. Postinfection lactase deficiency also is a common finding, occurring in up to 40% of cases.

• #16 Symptoms of Giardia Infection | Giardia | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/giardia/signs-symptoms/index.html

  Diarrhea is the most common symptom of Giardia infection. […] Giardia can cause short-term symptoms, long-term symptoms, or no symptoms at all. […] Symptoms often begin by having diarrhea 2 to 5 times per day and feeling more and more tired. However, Giardia infections do not always cause symptoms. […] Common short-term symptoms include: Diarrhea, Gas, Smelly, greasy poop that can float, Stomach cramps or pain, Upset stomach or nausea, Dehydration (loss of fluids). […] Symptoms usually start 1 to 2 weeks after swallowing Giardia germs. They typically last for 2 to 6 weeks. Symptoms may last longer than 6 weeks, especially if you have a weakened immune system (for example, due to an illness such as HIV). […] Occasionally, Giardia infection causes long-term symptoms that can last for years.

• #17 Giardiasis Clinical Presentation: History, Physical Examination

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/176718-clinical

  Clinical signs and symptoms of giardiasis include the following: Diarrhea, malaise, weakness, abdominal distention, flatulence, abdominal cramps, nausea, malodorous, greasy stools, anorexia, weight loss, vomiting, low-grade fever (infrequent), and various neurologic symptoms (eg, irritability, sleep disorder, mental depression, neurasthenia) […] Diarrhea is the most common symptom of acute Giardia infection, occurring in 90% of symptomatic subjects. Abdominal cramping, bloating, and flatulence occur in 70-75% of symptomatic patients. […] Symptoms of chronic infection include chronic diarrhea, malaise, nausea, and anorexia. Weight loss, as much as 10-15 pounds in adults, occurs in approximately 66% of symptomatic patients. Chronic sporadic diarrhea may continue for months. Postinfection lactase deficiency also is a common finding, occurring in up to 40% of cases.

• #18 Giardiasis

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/giardiasis/

  Giardiasis is a tummy bug that causes symptoms like diarrhoea, farting and bloating. It usually goes away in about a week if it’s treated, but it can sometimes last much longer. […] The main symptoms of giardiasis are: smelly diarrhoea, tummy pain or cramps, farting (flatulence), smelly burps they may smell like eggs, bloating, weight loss. […] You can have giardiasis and spread it to others without having any symptoms. […] It’s treated with antibiotics. Your symptoms should stop in about a week, but they can sometimes last longer.

• #19 Giardiasis: What It Is, Symptoms, Treatments & Medications

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15238-giardiasis

  Giardiasis is a common illness caused by a parasite that may result in diarrhea and stomach cramps. The Giardia parasite can spread through contaminated water, food and surfaces, and from contact with someone who has it. Giardiasis is an intestinal infection caused by a microscopic parasite called Giardia. This parasite lives all over the world, especially in bodies of water. If you accidentally swallow it, it takes up residence in your small intestine and multiplies, feeding off the nutrients there. This can cause a variety of intestinal symptoms, including foul-smelling diarrhea, bloating and gas, stomach cramps, nausea and fatigue. Giardiasis symptoms can be mild to severe, and some people never have symptoms. The infection typically clears by itself after a few weeks, but people with weaker immune systems may have a harder time clearing it. A healthcare provider can prescribe antiparasitic medications for giardiasis if you need them. Sometimes, people continue to have symptoms for weeks to months after the infection has gone. About half of people never develop symptoms of giardiasis. Among those who do, common symptoms include watery diarrhea, fatty or greasy poop that floats, stomach pain and cramping, intestinal gas and bloating, nausea and loss of appetite, and increasing fatigue. Most people have short-term symptoms during their infection, but occasionally, some people have longer-lasting or recurring symptoms. They might develop dehydration and weight loss from the chronic diarrhea and nausea. Sometimes, they develop lasting digestive difficulties, like lactose intolerance. The incubation period for giardiasis is one to two weeks from infection. Symptoms typically last between two and six weeks, but in some people, they can last longer. Giardia infection doesn’t always cause noticeable symptoms, but it can. Some symptoms are due to the parasite itself, and others are due to your body activating to remove the parasite. Diarrhea, swelling and skin reactions are symptoms of inflammation, part of your immune system’s response. Possible complications include dehydration, gastrointestinal disease, and autoimmune disease.

• #20 Giardia infection (giardiasis)

  https://www.healthywa.wa.gov.au/Articles/F_I/Giardia-infection

  Giardia infection (giardiasis) is a form of gastroenteritis (gastro). […] Symptoms including diarrhoea and stomach cramps usually appear between 7 and 10 days after infection. […] The following signs and symptoms usually appear between 7 and 10 days after infection: foul smelling greasy or watery diarrhoea, abdominal (stomach) cramps, nausea, fatigue, bloating, loss of appetite. […] Chronic infection can last for months to years if left undiagnosed and untreated.

• #21 Giardia infection – UF Health

  https://ufhealth.org/conditions-and-treatments/giardia-infection

  Giardia, or giardiasis, is a parasitic infection of the small intestine. A tiny parasite called Giardia lamblia causes it. […] The time between becoming infected and symptoms is 7 to 14 days. Non-bloody diarrhea is the main symptom. Other symptoms include: Abdominal gas or bloating, Headache, Loss of appetite, Low-grade fever, Nausea, Weight loss and loss of body fluids. […] Some people who have had a giardia infection for a long time continue having symptoms, even after the infection is gone.

• #22 Giardia infection – UF Health

  https://ufhealth.org/conditions-and-treatments/giardia-infection

  Giardia, or giardiasis, is a parasitic infection of the small intestine. A tiny parasite called Giardia lamblia causes it. […] The time between becoming infected and symptoms is 7 to 14 days. Non-bloody diarrhea is the main symptom. Other symptoms include: Abdominal gas or bloating, Headache, Loss of appetite, Low-grade fever, Nausea, Weight loss and loss of body fluids. […] Some people who have had a giardia infection for a long time continue having symptoms, even after the infection is gone.

• #23 Giardiasis Clinical Presentation: History, Physical Examination

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/176718-clinical

  A small number of persons develop abrupt onset of explosive, watery diarrhea; abdominal cramps; foul-smelling flatus; vomiting; fever; and malaise. These symptoms may last 3-4 days before transitioning into the more common subacute syndrome. Most patients experience a more insidious onset of symptoms, which may be recurrent or resistant. […] Stools often become malodorous, soft, and greasy. Watery diarrhea may alternate with soft stools or even constipation. Upper gastrointestinal symptoms, often exacerbated by eating, accompany stool changes or may be present in the absence of soft stools. These include upper and midabdominal cramping, nausea, early satiety, bloating, substernal burning, and acid indigestion. […] Anorexia, fatigue, malaise, and weight loss are common. Chronic illness may occur. Adults may present with a long-standing malabsorption syndrome, and children with failure to thrive.

• #24 Giardia infection (giardiasis) – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/giardia-infection/symptoms-causes/syc-20372786

  Giardia infection is an intestinal infection marked by stomach cramps, bloating, nausea and bouts of watery diarrhea. […] For those who do get sick, signs and symptoms usually appear one to three weeks after exposure and may include: Watery, sometimes foul-smelling diarrhea that may alternate with soft, greasy stools, Fatigue, Stomach cramps and bloating, Gas, Nausea, Weight loss. […] Signs and symptoms of giardia infection may last two to six weeks, but in some people they last longer or recur.

• #25 Giardiasis Fact Sheet – MN Dept. of Health

  https://www.health.state.mn.us/diseases/giardiasis/giardia.html

  Giardia is a parasite that causes a diarrheal illness called giardiasis. […] Symptoms of giardiasis usually include: Diarrhea, Greasy stools that can float, Gas and bloating, Stomach cramps, Loss of appetite, Weight loss, Slight fever. […] Symptoms generally begin 1 to 3 weeks after exposure. […] Symptoms typically last about 2 to 6 weeks in healthy persons.

• #26 Symptoms of Giardia Infection | Giardia | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/giardia/signs-symptoms/index.html

  Diarrhea is the most common symptom of Giardia infection. […] Giardia can cause short-term symptoms, long-term symptoms, or no symptoms at all. […] Symptoms often begin by having diarrhea 2 to 5 times per day and feeling more and more tired. However, Giardia infections do not always cause symptoms. […] Common short-term symptoms include: Diarrhea, Gas, Smelly, greasy poop that can float, Stomach cramps or pain, Upset stomach or nausea, Dehydration (loss of fluids). […] Symptoms usually start 1 to 2 weeks after swallowing Giardia germs. They typically last for 2 to 6 weeks. Symptoms may last longer than 6 weeks, especially if you have a weakened immune system (for example, due to an illness such as HIV). […] Occasionally, Giardia infection causes long-term symptoms that can last for years.

• #27 Giardiasis: What It Is, Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://www.healthday.com/a-to-z-health/infectious-disease/giardia-644593.html

  Before treatment, people affected by giardiasis can experience relief from symptoms within two to six weeks, according to the CDC. Sometimes, however, symptoms might seem to vanish, only to resurface after a few days or weeks. On occasion, individuals with giardiasis might face enduring challenges, such as reactive arthritis, irritable bowel syndrome and recurrent diarrhea that could extend over several years.

• #28 Giardiasis Clinical Presentation: History, Physical Examination

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/176718-clinical

  A small number of persons develop abrupt onset of explosive, watery diarrhea; abdominal cramps; foul-smelling flatus; vomiting; fever; and malaise. These symptoms may last 3-4 days before transitioning into the more common subacute syndrome. Most patients experience a more insidious onset of symptoms, which may be recurrent or resistant. […] Stools often become malodorous, soft, and greasy. Watery diarrhea may alternate with soft stools or even constipation. Upper gastrointestinal symptoms, often exacerbated by eating, accompany stool changes or may be present in the absence of soft stools. These include upper and midabdominal cramping, nausea, early satiety, bloating, substernal burning, and acid indigestion. […] Anorexia, fatigue, malaise, and weight loss are common. Chronic illness may occur. Adults may present with a long-standing malabsorption syndrome, and children with failure to thrive.

• #29 Giardiasis Clinical Presentation: History, Physical Examination

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/176718-clinical

  A small number of persons develop abrupt onset of explosive, watery diarrhea; abdominal cramps; foul-smelling flatus; vomiting; fever; and malaise. These symptoms may last 3-4 days before transitioning into the more common subacute syndrome. Most patients experience a more insidious onset of symptoms, which may be recurrent or resistant. […] Stools often become malodorous, soft, and greasy. Watery diarrhea may alternate with soft stools or even constipation. Upper gastrointestinal symptoms, often exacerbated by eating, accompany stool changes or may be present in the absence of soft stools. These include upper and midabdominal cramping, nausea, early satiety, bloating, substernal burning, and acid indigestion. […] Anorexia, fatigue, malaise, and weight loss are common. Chronic illness may occur. Adults may present with a long-standing malabsorption syndrome, and children with failure to thrive.

• #30 Giardia Infection: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

  https://patient.info/travel-and-vaccinations/travellers-diarrhoea-leaflet/giardia

  The symptoms usually settle down after a few days but diarrhoea can continue for more than a week. Vomiting and fever are less common symptoms with giardia infection. […] Because of the severity of the diarrhoea, some people with giardia infection, particularly children, can become dehydrated. It is common to lose some weight as well during this acute infection. […] In some people, symptoms may be less acute in their onset. A more chronic diarrhoea can develop which may be persistent or may come and go. Stools (faeces) tend to be smelly and fatty/greasy. […] Chronic giardia infection can last for months, or even years, if it goes undiagnosed and untreated. […] If diarrhoea caused by giardia infection is severe, lack of fluid in the body (dehydration) can occur.

• #31 Giardia infection (giardiasis)

  https://www.healthywa.wa.gov.au/Articles/F_I/Giardia-infection

  Giardia infection (giardiasis) is a form of gastroenteritis (gastro). […] Symptoms including diarrhoea and stomach cramps usually appear between 7 and 10 days after infection. […] The following signs and symptoms usually appear between 7 and 10 days after infection: foul smelling greasy or watery diarrhoea, abdominal (stomach) cramps, nausea, fatigue, bloating, loss of appetite. […] Chronic infection can last for months to years if left undiagnosed and untreated.

• #32 Giardiasis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK513239/

  Diarrhea is the most predominant symptom in acute cases, affecting 90% of symptomatic patients. […] Chronic giardiasis is characterized by persistent diarrhea, weight loss, nausea, malaise, and anorexia. […] Symptoms typically resolve on their own within 4 weeks of onset. […] The prognosis for patients with giardiasis is generally excellent, as most infections are self-limited. […] Potential complications include weight loss, disaccharidase deficiency, growth retardation, and malabsorption. […] Giardiasis can lead to the following complications: Irritable bowel syndrome, chronic illness with weight loss, malabsorption syndrome, disaccharidase deficiency, chronic fatigue syndrome, food allergies, reactive arthritis, and persistent GI symptoms.

• #33 Giardia Infection: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

  https://patient.info/travel-and-vaccinations/travellers-diarrhoea-leaflet/giardia

  The symptoms usually settle down after a few days but diarrhoea can continue for more than a week. Vomiting and fever are less common symptoms with giardia infection. […] Because of the severity of the diarrhoea, some people with giardia infection, particularly children, can become dehydrated. It is common to lose some weight as well during this acute infection. […] In some people, symptoms may be less acute in their onset. A more chronic diarrhoea can develop which may be persistent or may come and go. Stools (faeces) tend to be smelly and fatty/greasy. […] Chronic giardia infection can last for months, or even years, if it goes undiagnosed and untreated. […] If diarrhoea caused by giardia infection is severe, lack of fluid in the body (dehydration) can occur.

• #34 Giardiasis Symptoms, Treatment, Diagnosis & Cause

  https://www.emedicinehealth.com/giardiasis/article_em.htm

  Giardiasis can show itself in different ways. Some people can be carriers of the parasite and have no symptoms of the disease, but they pass cysts in their stool and pass the disease to others. Others may develop acute or chronic diarrheal illnesses in which the symptoms occur 1-2 weeks after swallowing the cysts. […] Acute diarrheal illness may have the following signs and symptoms: Diarrhea: Most people with giardiasis complain of diarrhea. Stool is usually described as profuse and watery early in the disease. Later in the disease, stools become greasy, foul-smelling, and often floats. […] Chronic diarrheal illness may have the following symptoms and signs: Diarrhea: Stools are often greasy, foul-smelling, yellowish, and may alternate between diarrhea and constipation. […] The prognosis for someone with giardiasis is usually very good although, in a few individuals, dehydration and malnutrition (especially young children) may lead to developmental impairment.

• #35 Giardiasis Clinical Presentation: History, Physical Examination

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/176718-clinical

  Clinical signs and symptoms of giardiasis include the following: Diarrhea, malaise, weakness, abdominal distention, flatulence, abdominal cramps, nausea, malodorous, greasy stools, anorexia, weight loss, vomiting, low-grade fever (infrequent), and various neurologic symptoms (eg, irritability, sleep disorder, mental depression, neurasthenia) […] Diarrhea is the most common symptom of acute Giardia infection, occurring in 90% of symptomatic subjects. Abdominal cramping, bloating, and flatulence occur in 70-75% of symptomatic patients. […] Symptoms of chronic infection include chronic diarrhea, malaise, nausea, and anorexia. Weight loss, as much as 10-15 pounds in adults, occurs in approximately 66% of symptomatic patients. Chronic sporadic diarrhea may continue for months. Postinfection lactase deficiency also is a common finding, occurring in up to 40% of cases.

• #36 Symptoms of Giardia Infection | Giardia | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/giardia/signs-symptoms/index.html

  Complications and long-term symptoms can include: Reactive arthritis (joint pain), Irritable bowel syndrome, which causes stomach pain and other symptoms, Recurring diarrhea, Weight loss, Other symptoms caused by not being able to absorb nutrients, such as fat or vitamin B12. […] For children, a serious Giardia infection may: Delay physical and mental growth, Slow development, Prevent them from absorbing nutrients from their food (malnutrition).

• #37 Giardiasis: Background, Pathophysiology, Etiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/176718-overview

  Weight loss, disaccharidase deficiency, malabsorption, and growth retardation are possible complications. G intestinalis has been implicated as the chief cause of growth retardation in infected children, even after other diarrhea-causing agents are controlled. […] Some patients may experience persistent symptoms (eg, chronic diarrhea/steatorrhea, malabsorption) despite apparently effective antibiotic treatment, although these usually subside over weeks to months.

• #38 Giardiasis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK513239/

  Diarrhea is the most predominant symptom in acute cases, affecting 90% of symptomatic patients. […] Chronic giardiasis is characterized by persistent diarrhea, weight loss, nausea, malaise, and anorexia. […] Symptoms typically resolve on their own within 4 weeks of onset. […] The prognosis for patients with giardiasis is generally excellent, as most infections are self-limited. […] Potential complications include weight loss, disaccharidase deficiency, growth retardation, and malabsorption. […] Giardiasis can lead to the following complications: Irritable bowel syndrome, chronic illness with weight loss, malabsorption syndrome, disaccharidase deficiency, chronic fatigue syndrome, food allergies, reactive arthritis, and persistent GI symptoms.

• #39 Giardiasis (Giardia Infection): Symptoms, Causes, Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/giardiasis-overview

  Giardiasis, also known as a giardia infection, is an intestinal disease marked by diarrhea, cramps, nausea, and bloating. A tiny parasite called Giardia intestinalis causes the infection. Symptoms usually start 1-3 weeks after you’re exposed. They’ll probably last for 2-6 weeks. The most common include: Diarrhea, Gas or flatulence, Greasy stool that floats, Stomach or abdominal cramps, Upset stomach or nausea, Dehydration, Weight loss. If you have any of these symptoms for more than a week, call your doctor to see if you should be tested for giardiasis. It’s possible for a giardia infection to get better on its own, but you may need to have treatment. […] Giardiasis can cause problems even after the infection has gone away. These can be especially serious in infants and children. Dehydration. This is when your body doesn’t have enough water to work normally. It’s often the result of severe diarrhea. Failure to thrive. Long-term diarrhea can affect a child’s mental and physical growth. Lactose intolerance. Many people who have a giardia infection find they can’t digest milk sugar (lactose) the way they used to. This can make it hard to eat milk, cheese, and other dairy foods.

• #40 Giardiasis Clinical Presentation: History, Physical Examination

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/176718-clinical

  Clinical signs and symptoms of giardiasis include the following: Diarrhea, malaise, weakness, abdominal distention, flatulence, abdominal cramps, nausea, malodorous, greasy stools, anorexia, weight loss, vomiting, low-grade fever (infrequent), and various neurologic symptoms (eg, irritability, sleep disorder, mental depression, neurasthenia) […] Diarrhea is the most common symptom of acute Giardia infection, occurring in 90% of symptomatic subjects. Abdominal cramping, bloating, and flatulence occur in 70-75% of symptomatic patients. […] Symptoms of chronic infection include chronic diarrhea, malaise, nausea, and anorexia. Weight loss, as much as 10-15 pounds in adults, occurs in approximately 66% of symptomatic patients. Chronic sporadic diarrhea may continue for months. Postinfection lactase deficiency also is a common finding, occurring in up to 40% of cases.

• #41 Giardiasis Clinical Presentation: History, Physical Examination

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/176718-clinical

  Clinical signs and symptoms of giardiasis include the following: Diarrhea, malaise, weakness, abdominal distention, flatulence, abdominal cramps, nausea, malodorous, greasy stools, anorexia, weight loss, vomiting, low-grade fever (infrequent), and various neurologic symptoms (eg, irritability, sleep disorder, mental depression, neurasthenia) […] Diarrhea is the most common symptom of acute Giardia infection, occurring in 90% of symptomatic subjects. Abdominal cramping, bloating, and flatulence occur in 70-75% of symptomatic patients. […] Symptoms of chronic infection include chronic diarrhea, malaise, nausea, and anorexia. Weight loss, as much as 10-15 pounds in adults, occurs in approximately 66% of symptomatic patients. Chronic sporadic diarrhea may continue for months. Postinfection lactase deficiency also is a common finding, occurring in up to 40% of cases.

• #42 Patient education: Giardia (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/giardia-beyond-the-basics/print

  People generally develop these symptoms one to two weeks after being exposed to Giardia, and the symptoms often last at least two to four weeks. Some people develop a chronic form of Giardia that lasts even longer, although symptoms tend to become less severe over time. […] Giardia can also interfere with the way the body absorbs nutrients, so it can cause vitamin deficiencies and other nutritional problems. In up to 40 percent of cases, Giardia impairs the body’s ability to digest lactose, the form of sugar found in milk, cheese, and other dairy products.

• #43 Giardiasis – Infectious Diseases – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/infectious-diseases/intestinal-protozoa-and-microsporidia/giardiasis

  Giardiasis is infection with the flagellated protozoan Giardia duodenalis (G. lamblia, G. intestinalis). Infection can be asymptomatic or cause symptoms ranging from intermittent flatulence to chronic malabsorption. […] Symptoms of acute giardiasis usually appear 1 to 14 days (average 7 days) after infection. They are usually mild and include watery malodorous diarrhea, abdominal cramps and distention, flatulence, eructation, intermittent nausea, epigastric discomfort, and sometimes low-grade malaise, fatigue, and anorexia. Acute giardiasis usually lasts 1 to 3 weeks. Giardiasis is often accompanied by acquired lactose-intolerance. Malabsorption of fat and sugars can lead to significant weight loss in severe cases. […] A subset of infected patients develop chronic diarrhea with foul stools, abdominal distention, and malodorous flatus. Substantial weight loss and fatigue may occur. Chronic giardiasis occasionally causes failure to thrive in children. […] Even after parasitologic cure, patients may experience lactose intolerance, irritable bowel syndrome, or fatigue that last for weeks to months. Symptoms may persist after parasite clearance.

• #44 Giardia infection – including symptoms, treatment and prevention | SA Health

  https://www.sahealth.sa.gov.au/wps/wcm/connect/public+content/sa+health+internet/conditions/infectious+diseases/giardia+infection/giardia+infection+-+including+symptoms+treatment+and+prevention

  Giardia infection is an infection of the bowel caused by the parasite Giardia duodenalis, also known as Giardia lamblia or Giardia intestinalis. It is a single-celled organism found worldwide. […] The most common symptoms include: stomach cramps, excessive gas or bloating, diarrhoea, which may be watery, usually lasting 1 to several weeks, frequent loose or pale, greasy faeces which may float in the toilet bowl, fatigue, weight loss, lactose intolerance may occur in 20 to 40% of cases and last several weeks. […] Giardia infections do not usually cause fever or bloody diarrhoea. […] The infection is diagnosed by examining the faeces by a microscope or using a PCR (polymerase chain reaction) test in a pathology laboratory. […] 3 to 25 days or longer (usually 7 to 10 days). […] For as long as the organism is present in the faeces (often months), whether or not the person is ill. A person with diarrhoea is more likely to spread infection, but an infected person without symptoms can still spread the parasite to others. […] Treatment of an ill person with appropriate antibiotic medication relieves symptoms and usually makes the person non-infectious within a few days.

• #45 Symptoms of Giardia Infection | Giardia | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/giardia/signs-symptoms/index.html

  Complications and long-term symptoms can include: Reactive arthritis (joint pain), Irritable bowel syndrome, which causes stomach pain and other symptoms, Recurring diarrhea, Weight loss, Other symptoms caused by not being able to absorb nutrients, such as fat or vitamin B12. […] For children, a serious Giardia infection may: Delay physical and mental growth, Slow development, Prevent them from absorbing nutrients from their food (malnutrition).

• #46 Giardiasis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK513239/

  Diarrhea is the most predominant symptom in acute cases, affecting 90% of symptomatic patients. […] Chronic giardiasis is characterized by persistent diarrhea, weight loss, nausea, malaise, and anorexia. […] Symptoms typically resolve on their own within 4 weeks of onset. […] The prognosis for patients with giardiasis is generally excellent, as most infections are self-limited. […] Potential complications include weight loss, disaccharidase deficiency, growth retardation, and malabsorption. […] Giardiasis can lead to the following complications: Irritable bowel syndrome, chronic illness with weight loss, malabsorption syndrome, disaccharidase deficiency, chronic fatigue syndrome, food allergies, reactive arthritis, and persistent GI symptoms.

• #47 Symptoms of Giardia Infection | Giardia | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/giardia/signs-symptoms/index.html

  Complications and long-term symptoms can include: Reactive arthritis (joint pain), Irritable bowel syndrome, which causes stomach pain and other symptoms, Recurring diarrhea, Weight loss, Other symptoms caused by not being able to absorb nutrients, such as fat or vitamin B12. […] For children, a serious Giardia infection may: Delay physical and mental growth, Slow development, Prevent them from absorbing nutrients from their food (malnutrition).

• #48 Giardiasis (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/giardiasis.html

  Giardiasis, a top cause of diarrhea, is an intestinal illness that can pass easily from person to person. […] Giardiasis is caused by the tiny Giardia parasite. The parasite attaches itself to the lining of the small intestines in humans, where it causes diarrhea and blocks the body’s absorption of fats and carbohydrates from digested foods. […] Many people with giardiasis have no signs or symptoms of illness, even though they are infected. […] When the parasite does cause symptoms, the illness usually begins with severe watery diarrhea. Then, the stool becomes greasy and smells very bad. […] Other symptoms include abdominal cramps, low energy (malaise), lots of intestinal gas, an enlarged belly from the gas, loss of appetite, nausea and vomiting, and sometimes a low-grade fever. […] These symptoms may last for 16 weeks. They can last longer in some people, or get better and come back. If symptoms last a while, a child may lose weight or show other signs of poor nutrition. […] Most kids are better within a week of taking medicine to kill the parasites. Medicine also shortens the time that they’re contagious. If giardiasis isn’t treated, symptoms can last up to 6 weeks or longer.

• #49 Giardia infection – UF Health

  https://ufhealth.org/conditions-and-treatments/giardia-infection

  Giardia, or giardiasis, is a parasitic infection of the small intestine. A tiny parasite called Giardia lamblia causes it. […] The time between becoming infected and symptoms is 7 to 14 days. Non-bloody diarrhea is the main symptom. Other symptoms include: Abdominal gas or bloating, Headache, Loss of appetite, Low-grade fever, Nausea, Weight loss and loss of body fluids. […] Some people who have had a giardia infection for a long time continue having symptoms, even after the infection is gone.

• #50 Giardiasis – Infectious Diseases – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/infectious-diseases/intestinal-protozoa-and-microsporidia/giardiasis

  Giardiasis is infection with the flagellated protozoan Giardia duodenalis (G. lamblia, G. intestinalis). Infection can be asymptomatic or cause symptoms ranging from intermittent flatulence to chronic malabsorption. […] Symptoms of acute giardiasis usually appear 1 to 14 days (average 7 days) after infection. They are usually mild and include watery malodorous diarrhea, abdominal cramps and distention, flatulence, eructation, intermittent nausea, epigastric discomfort, and sometimes low-grade malaise, fatigue, and anorexia. Acute giardiasis usually lasts 1 to 3 weeks. Giardiasis is often accompanied by acquired lactose-intolerance. Malabsorption of fat and sugars can lead to significant weight loss in severe cases. […] A subset of infected patients develop chronic diarrhea with foul stools, abdominal distention, and malodorous flatus. Substantial weight loss and fatigue may occur. Chronic giardiasis occasionally causes failure to thrive in children. […] Even after parasitologic cure, patients may experience lactose intolerance, irritable bowel syndrome, or fatigue that last for weeks to months. Symptoms may persist after parasite clearance.

• #51 Giardiasis: What It Is, Symptoms, Treatments & Medications

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15238-giardiasis

  Giardiasis is a common illness caused by a parasite that may result in diarrhea and stomach cramps. The Giardia parasite can spread through contaminated water, food and surfaces, and from contact with someone who has it. Giardiasis is an intestinal infection caused by a microscopic parasite called Giardia. This parasite lives all over the world, especially in bodies of water. If you accidentally swallow it, it takes up residence in your small intestine and multiplies, feeding off the nutrients there. This can cause a variety of intestinal symptoms, including foul-smelling diarrhea, bloating and gas, stomach cramps, nausea and fatigue. Giardiasis symptoms can be mild to severe, and some people never have symptoms. The infection typically clears by itself after a few weeks, but people with weaker immune systems may have a harder time clearing it. A healthcare provider can prescribe antiparasitic medications for giardiasis if you need them. Sometimes, people continue to have symptoms for weeks to months after the infection has gone. About half of people never develop symptoms of giardiasis. Among those who do, common symptoms include watery diarrhea, fatty or greasy poop that floats, stomach pain and cramping, intestinal gas and bloating, nausea and loss of appetite, and increasing fatigue. Most people have short-term symptoms during their infection, but occasionally, some people have longer-lasting or recurring symptoms. They might develop dehydration and weight loss from the chronic diarrhea and nausea. Sometimes, they develop lasting digestive difficulties, like lactose intolerance. The incubation period for giardiasis is one to two weeks from infection. Symptoms typically last between two and six weeks, but in some people, they can last longer. Giardia infection doesn’t always cause noticeable symptoms, but it can. Some symptoms are due to the parasite itself, and others are due to your body activating to remove the parasite. Diarrhea, swelling and skin reactions are symptoms of inflammation, part of your immune system’s response. Possible complications include dehydration, gastrointestinal disease, and autoimmune disease.

• #52 Giardiasis | Disease Outbreak Control Division

  https://health.hawaii.gov/docd/disease_listing/giardiasis/

  Giardiasis is an intestinal illness caused by the parasite, Giardia lamblia. […] Symptoms of giardiasis normally begin 1 to 3 weeks after becoming infected. In otherwise healthy individuals, symptoms may last 2 to 6 weeks, occasionally longer. The symptoms of giardiasis include frequent, loose, pale, greasy stools (often foul smelling), with gas, bloating, cramps, fatigue, weight loss, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. […] Giardiasis is diagnosed through a laboratory test which finds the organism, antigen, or DNA in stool, intestinal fluid, tissue samples, biopsy specimens, or other biological samples. […] A doctor can prescribe medicine to treat giardiasis. Often a repeat course of the same medication will be needed to get rid of the infection. Some individuals may get better on their own without treatment. The most common medications used are metronidazole, tinidazole, or nitazoxanide.

• #53 Extra-intestinal and long term consequences of Giardia duodenalis infections

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3870550/

  Giardiasis is the most common waterborne parasitic infection of the human intestine worldwide. Giardiasis can present with a broad range of clinical manifestations from asymptomatic, to acute or chronic diarrheal disease associated with abdominal pain and nausea. Most infections are self-limiting, although re-infection and chronic infection can occur. The clinical manifestations can range from asymptomatic, to acute or chronic diarrheal disease. When present, the clinical signs of infection may include diarrhea, nausea, weight loss, bloating and abdominal pain. The pathophysiology of giardiasis, and key aspects of the host response to Giardia remains incompletely understood. Giardia infections tend to be self-limiting in individuals with competent immune systems. In addition to its acute symptoms, giardiasis may also cause anorexia and failure to thrive. Indeed, Giardia infections may have detrimental effects on nutritional status, growth status and cognitive function in humans. Giardiasis is now a well established cause of failure to thrive, stunting and growth retardation in human and animals, diminished cognitive functions, and chronic fatigue. Recent evidence now indicates that a proportion of patients diagnosed with Giardia duodenalis will also develop PI-IBS symptoms in the absence of detectable parasitic loads. Chronic giardiasis resembles IBS, and symptomatic infection may exacerbate existing IBS.

• #54 Extra-intestinal and long term consequences of Giardia duodenalis infections

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3870550/

  Giardiasis is the most common waterborne parasitic infection of the human intestine worldwide. Giardiasis can present with a broad range of clinical manifestations from asymptomatic, to acute or chronic diarrheal disease associated with abdominal pain and nausea. Most infections are self-limiting, although re-infection and chronic infection can occur. The clinical manifestations can range from asymptomatic, to acute or chronic diarrheal disease. When present, the clinical signs of infection may include diarrhea, nausea, weight loss, bloating and abdominal pain. The pathophysiology of giardiasis, and key aspects of the host response to Giardia remains incompletely understood. Giardia infections tend to be self-limiting in individuals with competent immune systems. In addition to its acute symptoms, giardiasis may also cause anorexia and failure to thrive. Indeed, Giardia infections may have detrimental effects on nutritional status, growth status and cognitive function in humans. Giardiasis is now a well established cause of failure to thrive, stunting and growth retardation in human and animals, diminished cognitive functions, and chronic fatigue. Recent evidence now indicates that a proportion of patients diagnosed with Giardia duodenalis will also develop PI-IBS symptoms in the absence of detectable parasitic loads. Chronic giardiasis resembles IBS, and symptomatic infection may exacerbate existing IBS.

• #55 Giardia infection – including symptoms, treatment and prevention | SA Health

  https://www.sahealth.sa.gov.au/wps/wcm/connect/public+content/sa+health+internet/conditions/infectious+diseases/giardia+infection/giardia+infection+-+including+symptoms+treatment+and+prevention

  Giardia infection is an infection of the bowel caused by the parasite Giardia duodenalis, also known as Giardia lamblia or Giardia intestinalis. It is a single-celled organism found worldwide. […] The most common symptoms include: stomach cramps, excessive gas or bloating, diarrhoea, which may be watery, usually lasting 1 to several weeks, frequent loose or pale, greasy faeces which may float in the toilet bowl, fatigue, weight loss, lactose intolerance may occur in 20 to 40% of cases and last several weeks. […] Giardia infections do not usually cause fever or bloody diarrhoea. […] The infection is diagnosed by examining the faeces by a microscope or using a PCR (polymerase chain reaction) test in a pathology laboratory. […] 3 to 25 days or longer (usually 7 to 10 days). […] For as long as the organism is present in the faeces (often months), whether or not the person is ill. A person with diarrhoea is more likely to spread infection, but an infected person without symptoms can still spread the parasite to others. […] Treatment of an ill person with appropriate antibiotic medication relieves symptoms and usually makes the person non-infectious within a few days.

• #56 Giardia infection (giardiasis) – Diagnosis & treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/giardia-infection/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20372790

  To help diagnose giardia infection (giardiasis), your doctor is likely to test a sample of your stool. For accuracy, you may be asked to submit several stool samples collected over a period of days. The samples are then examined in a lab for the presence of parasites. Stool tests may also be used to monitor the effectiveness of any treatment you receive. […] Children and adults who have giardia infection without symptoms usually don’t need treatment unless they’re likely to spread the parasites. Many people who do have problems often get better on their own in a few weeks. […] When signs and symptoms are severe or the infection persists, doctors usually treat giardia infection with medications such as: […] Side effects may include nausea and a metallic taste in the mouth. Don’t drink alcohol while taking this medication. […] Side effects may include nausea, gas, yellow eyes and brightly colored yellow urine. […] If your symptoms are mild, your doctor may recommend delaying treatment until after the first trimester or longer. If treatment is necessary, discuss the best available treatment option with your doctor.

• #57 Giardiasis (beaver fever)

  https://www.health.ny.gov/diseases/communicable/giardiasis/fact_sheet.htm

  Giardiasis is an intestinal (bowel) illness caused by a microscopic parasite called Giardia. It is a common illness that causes diarrhea (loose stool/poop). The most common way people get sick with giardiasis is by swallowing contaminated water, but people can also get sick from contaminated food, surfaces, and objects. […] People exposed to Giardia may experience mild or severe diarrhea (loose stool/poop), gas, stomach cramps, nausea (a feeling of upset in the stomach), or dehydration (loss of water in the body causing weakness of dizziness). Some people experience no symptoms at all. Fever is rarely present. Occasionally, some people will have chronic diarrhea over several weeks or months, with significant weight loss. […] The symptoms may appear from 3 to 25 days after exposure but usually within 7 to 14 days.

• #58 Giardia infection (giardiasis) – Augusta HealthSearchClose SearchSearch IconSearch IconClose Search IconMobile Menu IconMobile Menu Close IconInstagramFacebookTwitterYoutube

  https://www.augustahealth.com/disease/giardia-infection-giardiasis/

  Giardia infection is an intestinal infection marked by stomach cramps, bloating, nausea and bouts of watery diarrhea. […] Some people with giardia infection never develop signs or symptoms, but they still carry the parasite and can spread it to others through their stool. For those who do get sick, signs and symptoms usually appear one to three weeks after exposure and may include: Watery, sometimes foul-smelling diarrhea that may alternate with soft, greasy stools, Fatigue, Stomach cramps and bloating, Gas, Nausea, Weight loss. […] Signs and symptoms of giardia infection may last two to six weeks, but in some people they last longer or recur. […] Call your doctor if you have loose stools, stomach cramping and bloating, and nausea lasting more than a week, or if you become dehydrated.

• #59 Giardiasis: What It Is, Symptoms, Treatments & Medications

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15238-giardiasis

  Giardiasis is a common illness caused by a parasite that may result in diarrhea and stomach cramps. The Giardia parasite can spread through contaminated water, food and surfaces, and from contact with someone who has it. Giardiasis is an intestinal infection caused by a microscopic parasite called Giardia. This parasite lives all over the world, especially in bodies of water. If you accidentally swallow it, it takes up residence in your small intestine and multiplies, feeding off the nutrients there. This can cause a variety of intestinal symptoms, including foul-smelling diarrhea, bloating and gas, stomach cramps, nausea and fatigue. Giardiasis symptoms can be mild to severe, and some people never have symptoms. The infection typically clears by itself after a few weeks, but people with weaker immune systems may have a harder time clearing it. A healthcare provider can prescribe antiparasitic medications for giardiasis if you need them. Sometimes, people continue to have symptoms for weeks to months after the infection has gone. About half of people never develop symptoms of giardiasis. Among those who do, common symptoms include watery diarrhea, fatty or greasy poop that floats, stomach pain and cramping, intestinal gas and bloating, nausea and loss of appetite, and increasing fatigue. Most people have short-term symptoms during their infection, but occasionally, some people have longer-lasting or recurring symptoms. They might develop dehydration and weight loss from the chronic diarrhea and nausea. Sometimes, they develop lasting digestive difficulties, like lactose intolerance. The incubation period for giardiasis is one to two weeks from infection. Symptoms typically last between two and six weeks, but in some people, they can last longer. Giardia infection doesn’t always cause noticeable symptoms, but it can. Some symptoms are due to the parasite itself, and others are due to your body activating to remove the parasite. Diarrhea, swelling and skin reactions are symptoms of inflammation, part of your immune system’s response. Possible complications include dehydration, gastrointestinal disease, and autoimmune disease.

• #60 Giardia infection (giardiasis) – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/giardia-infection/symptoms-causes/syc-20372786

  Giardia infection is an intestinal infection marked by stomach cramps, bloating, nausea and bouts of watery diarrhea. […] For those who do get sick, signs and symptoms usually appear one to three weeks after exposure and may include: Watery, sometimes foul-smelling diarrhea that may alternate with soft, greasy stools, Fatigue, Stomach cramps and bloating, Gas, Nausea, Weight loss. […] Signs and symptoms of giardia infection may last two to six weeks, but in some people they last longer or recur.

• #61 Symptoms of Giardia Infection | Giardia | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/giardia/signs-symptoms/index.html

  Diarrhea is the most common symptom of Giardia infection. […] Giardia can cause short-term symptoms, long-term symptoms, or no symptoms at all. […] Symptoms often begin by having diarrhea 2 to 5 times per day and feeling more and more tired. However, Giardia infections do not always cause symptoms. […] Common short-term symptoms include: Diarrhea, Gas, Smelly, greasy poop that can float, Stomach cramps or pain, Upset stomach or nausea, Dehydration (loss of fluids). […] Symptoms usually start 1 to 2 weeks after swallowing Giardia germs. They typically last for 2 to 6 weeks. Symptoms may last longer than 6 weeks, especially if you have a weakened immune system (for example, due to an illness such as HIV). […] Occasionally, Giardia infection causes long-term symptoms that can last for years.

• #62 Giardiasis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK513239/

  Diarrhea is the most predominant symptom in acute cases, affecting 90% of symptomatic patients. […] Chronic giardiasis is characterized by persistent diarrhea, weight loss, nausea, malaise, and anorexia. […] Symptoms typically resolve on their own within 4 weeks of onset. […] The prognosis for patients with giardiasis is generally excellent, as most infections are self-limited. […] Potential complications include weight loss, disaccharidase deficiency, growth retardation, and malabsorption. […] Giardiasis can lead to the following complications: Irritable bowel syndrome, chronic illness with weight loss, malabsorption syndrome, disaccharidase deficiency, chronic fatigue syndrome, food allergies, reactive arthritis, and persistent GI symptoms.

• #63 Giardia Infection: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

  https://patient.info/travel-and-vaccinations/travellers-diarrhoea-leaflet/giardia

  The symptoms usually settle down after a few days but diarrhoea can continue for more than a week. Vomiting and fever are less common symptoms with giardia infection. […] Because of the severity of the diarrhoea, some people with giardia infection, particularly children, can become dehydrated. It is common to lose some weight as well during this acute infection. […] In some people, symptoms may be less acute in their onset. A more chronic diarrhoea can develop which may be persistent or may come and go. Stools (faeces) tend to be smelly and fatty/greasy. […] Chronic giardia infection can last for months, or even years, if it goes undiagnosed and untreated. […] If diarrhoea caused by giardia infection is severe, lack of fluid in the body (dehydration) can occur.

• #64 Symptoms of Giardia Infection | Giardia | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/giardia/signs-symptoms/index.html

  Complications and long-term symptoms can include: Reactive arthritis (joint pain), Irritable bowel syndrome, which causes stomach pain and other symptoms, Recurring diarrhea, Weight loss, Other symptoms caused by not being able to absorb nutrients, such as fat or vitamin B12. […] For children, a serious Giardia infection may: Delay physical and mental growth, Slow development, Prevent them from absorbing nutrients from their food (malnutrition).

• #65 Giardia infection (giardiasis) – Diagnosis & treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/giardia-infection/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20372790

  To help diagnose giardia infection (giardiasis), your doctor is likely to test a sample of your stool. For accuracy, you may be asked to submit several stool samples collected over a period of days. The samples are then examined in a lab for the presence of parasites. Stool tests may also be used to monitor the effectiveness of any treatment you receive. […] Children and adults who have giardia infection without symptoms usually don’t need treatment unless they’re likely to spread the parasites. Many people who do have problems often get better on their own in a few weeks. […] When signs and symptoms are severe or the infection persists, doctors usually treat giardia infection with medications such as: […] Side effects may include nausea and a metallic taste in the mouth. Don’t drink alcohol while taking this medication. […] Side effects may include nausea, gas, yellow eyes and brightly colored yellow urine. […] If your symptoms are mild, your doctor may recommend delaying treatment until after the first trimester or longer. If treatment is necessary, discuss the best available treatment option with your doctor.

• #66 Giardiasis | Disease Outbreak Control Division

  https://health.hawaii.gov/docd/disease_listing/giardiasis/

  Giardiasis is an intestinal illness caused by the parasite, Giardia lamblia. […] Symptoms of giardiasis normally begin 1 to 3 weeks after becoming infected. In otherwise healthy individuals, symptoms may last 2 to 6 weeks, occasionally longer. The symptoms of giardiasis include frequent, loose, pale, greasy stools (often foul smelling), with gas, bloating, cramps, fatigue, weight loss, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. […] Giardiasis is diagnosed through a laboratory test which finds the organism, antigen, or DNA in stool, intestinal fluid, tissue samples, biopsy specimens, or other biological samples. […] A doctor can prescribe medicine to treat giardiasis. Often a repeat course of the same medication will be needed to get rid of the infection. Some individuals may get better on their own without treatment. The most common medications used are metronidazole, tinidazole, or nitazoxanide.

• #67 Giardiasis | Disease Outbreak Control Division

  https://health.hawaii.gov/docd/disease_listing/giardiasis/

  Giardiasis is an intestinal illness caused by the parasite, Giardia lamblia. […] Symptoms of giardiasis normally begin 1 to 3 weeks after becoming infected. In otherwise healthy individuals, symptoms may last 2 to 6 weeks, occasionally longer. The symptoms of giardiasis include frequent, loose, pale, greasy stools (often foul smelling), with gas, bloating, cramps, fatigue, weight loss, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. […] Giardiasis is diagnosed through a laboratory test which finds the organism, antigen, or DNA in stool, intestinal fluid, tissue samples, biopsy specimens, or other biological samples. […] A doctor can prescribe medicine to treat giardiasis. Often a repeat course of the same medication will be needed to get rid of the infection. Some individuals may get better on their own without treatment. The most common medications used are metronidazole, tinidazole, or nitazoxanide.

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