Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Nickel Allergy – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557638/

  Nickel allergy is a type of contact dermatitis caused by direct contact with nickel. […] This activity reviews the evaluation and treatment of nickel allergy and highlights the role of the interprofessional team in managing patients with this condition. […] Identify key factors in appropriately recognizing and evaluating patients with a nickel allergy. […] Explain the importance of improving coordination of care amongst the interprofessional team to ensure appropriate diagnosis and management in patients with a nickel allergy. […] Diagnosis of allergic contact dermatitis is clinical, based on obtaining a good history and physical examination. A positive nickel contact history with physical exam findings consistent with a nickel allergy dermatitis should allow for the formulation of the diagnosis.

• #2 Nickel allergy | Altru Health System

  https://www.altru.org/health-library/conditions/nickel-allergy

  Your doctor can usually diagnose nickel allergy based on your skin’s appearance, and a recent exposure to items that may contain nickel. […] If the cause of your rash isn’t apparent, however, your doctor may recommend a patch test (contact hypersensitivity allergy test). He or she may refer you to an allergy specialist (allergist) or a skin specialist (dermatologist) for this test. […] During a patch test, very small quantities of potential allergens (including nickel) are applied to your skin and covered with small patches. The patches remain on your skin for two days before the doctor removes them. If you have a nickel allergy, the skin under the nickel patch will be inflamed when the patch is removed or in the days after removal of the patch.

• #3 DIY Nickel Allergy Test: Find Out if Nickel Triggers Your Eczema | MyEczemaTeam

  https://www.myeczemateam.com/resources/diy-nickel-allergy-test-find-out-if-nickel-triggers-your-eczema

  Many people who live with eczema learn to look out for their triggers factors that set off their flares. […] A number of MyEczemaTeam members are allergic to nickel and find that this metal triggers their eczema symptoms. […] If you suspect a nickel allergy or you’re having flares you don’t understand, here’s what you should know about this metal and testing yourself for this particular allergy. […] Up to 18 percent of North Americans, including 11 million U.S. children, have a nickel allergy. […] Your dermatologist or an allergist can test you for a nickel skin allergy, among other possible allergies. […] The best way to manage your nickel allergy is to completely avoid this trigger. […] A wide variety of treatments can help manage a nickel allergy, though you’ll need to talk with your health care provider to access some of these. […] If you know you’re allergic to nickel but you don’t have a good way to determine if an item contains it, try a patch test.

• #4 Nickel Allergies Symptoms, Tests, and Treatment

  https://www.healthline.com/health/allergies/nickel

  Your doctor or dermatologist can diagnose a nickel allergy. Call them right away if you have a skin rash and dont know what caused it. Your doctor will first ask you about your symptoms, including when they started and what appears to make them worse. […] A patch test is often performed if a nickel allergy is suspected. During the patch test, your doctor applies a small amount of nickel over a patch. The patch is then placed on your skin. […] Your doctor will observe your skin for about 48 hours after the patch test and check for signs of an allergic reaction. If the skin looks irritated, then you may be allergic to nickel. In some cases, the results arent clear and further testing is needed.

• #5 Nickel Allergy – ECARF

  https://www.ecarf.org/en/information-portal/allergies-overview/nickel-allergy/

  Nickel allergy is a contact allergy (also referred to as type IV or delayed type hypersensitivity). Unlike immediate hypersensitivities (such as pollen, insect venom and most food allergies), the reaction in delayed type hypersensitivity occurs some time after exposure. Following contact with the allergen, it can take 24 to 72 hours before the first symptoms appear. This delay is caused by what are called helper T cells (medical term: T-lymphocytes). […] An important step in the diagnostic procedure is the patient history. The doctor asks the patient about his or her habits, family predispositions and symptoms, and deduces the potential causes from this information. Sometimes it can be difficult to tell contact allergies apart from other forms of eczema, such as atopic dermatitis. A skin test can be useful in the diagnostic process.

• #6 Nickel Allergy: Rash, Symptoms, Testing, Treatment & Prevention

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17842-nickel-allergy

  To diagnose nickel allergy, a healthcare provider will ask about your symptoms, along with: […] If your provider suspects a nickel allergy, they’ll do an allergy test (patch test). During the patch test: […] After 48 hours, your provider removes the patches. They then look to see if your skin has reacted to any of the patches, which shows an allergy to that substance. […] There’s no cure for nickel allergy. The best treatment is to avoid substances containing nickel. […] If medications don’t help relieve your symptoms, your provider may recommend light therapy (phototherapy). This therapy uses ultraviolet (UV) light on your skin. […] Steps you can take to prevent nickel allergy include: […] If you get a rash from a nickel allergy, it may last from two to four weeks. […] Nickel allergy usually isn’t life-threatening. Because there’s no cure, avoiding symptoms can be a lifelong challenge. But you can manage the allergy by staying away from items and food containing nickel and/or with proper treatment. […] See your provider if the treatments you use aren’t helping or worsen your symptoms.

• #7 Contact Dermatitis, Nickel (Nickel allergic contact dermatitis, allergic contact dermatitis to nickel, nickel allergy) – Dermatology Advisor

  https://www.dermatologyadvisor.com/home/decision-support-in-medicine/dermatology/contact-dermatitis-nickel-nickel-allergic-contact-dermatitis-allergic-contact-dermatitis-to-nickel-nickel-allergy/

  Contact dermatitis is a common eczematous skin dermatitis characterized by inflammation, resulting in erythematous and pruritic skin lesions after contact with a foreign substance. […] Nickel is one of the most common substances to cause allergic contact dermatitis. […] The diagnosis of contact dermatitis to nickel can be made clinically with confirmation by patch testing. […] The diagnosis of allergic contact dermatitis to nickel is made by the history and physical, which involves a skin rash localized to the offending allergen. […] If avoidance or empiric treatment does not resolve the skin rash, patch testing can be done to further evaluate the allergen present. […] The characteristic finding on physical examination of allergic contact dermatitis to nickel is the shape and location of the rash.

• #8 What You Should Know About Nickel Allergies | Banner Health

  https://www.bannerhealth.com/healthcareblog/teach-me/is-a-nickel-allergy-making-your-skin-itchy-and-red

  Signs like these could point to a nickel allergy or sensitivity to nickel. Its one of the most common causes of allergic skin irritation the American Academy of Dermatology says it affects more than 18% of people. […] A nickel allergy is an allergic reaction that develops in your skin after your skin comes in contact with nickel. […] People are sometimes surprised that they develop a nickel allergy after theyve been wearing jewelry or clothing that contains nickel for quite some time, Dr. Leubner said. […] In fact, you almost always need to be exposed multiple times before your skin gets sensitized and reacts to it. […] Its rare for people to react to nickel with just one exposure. […] A health care professional can diagnose a nickel allergy by taking your medical history and conducting a physical exam.

• #9 Nickel Allergy – MD Searchlight

  https://mdsearchlight.com/allergy/nickel-allergy/

  Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is a condition that develops when your skin is exposed repeatedly to something that irritates it or to which it is allergic. […] A nickel allergy is a kind of skin allergy that happens upon contact with the metal. […] Identifying allergic contact dermatitis, a type of skin inflammation, relies heavily on the patients history. […] During a physical examination, the doctor might find red patches, swelling, scaly skin, blisters, or a hardening of the skin if the condition is in its early stages. […] The process of diagnosing allergic contact dermatitis (a skin allergy), mostly relies on your doctor performing a comprehensive check-up and asking you about your health history. […] If youve been in contact with nickel, a common allergen, and your doctors physical exam findings align with a nickel allergy, they typically can confirm the diagnosis of allergic contact dermatitis.

• #10 Nickel allergy – Diagnosis & treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/nickel-allergy/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20351534

  Your doctor can usually diagnose nickel allergy based on your skin’s appearance, and a recent exposure to items that may contain nickel. […] If the cause of your rash isn’t apparent, however, your doctor may recommend a patch test (contact hypersensitivity allergy test). […] He or she may refer you to an allergy specialist (allergist) or a skin specialist (dermatologist) for this test. […] During a patch test, very small quantities of potential allergens (including nickel) are applied to your skin and covered with small patches. […] If you have a nickel allergy, the skin under the nickel patch will be inflamed when the patch is removed or in the days after removal of the patch. […] Is there a test that can confirm a nickel allergy? Do I need to prepare for this test?

• #11

  https://www.wyndly.com/blogs/learn/nickel-allergy?srsltid=AfmBOorGmPhNPcn1pZ1i3uu_8jQQVyjR3alhsVsQ8zzyXYKE3NHBjBbB

  Nickel allergy is most commonly diagnosed using a simple skin test called a patch test. This test can confirm the presence of a nickel allergy and identify other potential skin allergens. Health professionals perform a patch test by applying small amounts of potential allergens, including nickel, to patches that are then placed on the skin. […] Patch tests are considered the gold standard for diagnosing contact allergies like nickel allergy. The doctor places a patch containing nickel on your skin and observes for any reaction. If you’re allergic to nickel, you’ll develop a skin reaction under the patch within 48 hours. […] If you’re experiencing allergy symptoms like redness, itching, or blisters on your skin and suspect it might be due to nickel, it’s crucial to consult with a healthcare professional. They can help confirm the diagnosis and guide you on the best treatment options. […] Remember, early diagnosis and intervention are crucial in managing nickel allergy symptoms and preventing further complications.

• #12 Nickel Allergy – ECARF

  https://www.ecarf.org/en/information-portal/allergies-overview/nickel-allergy/

  If nickel is a suspected allergy trigger, the findings from the patient history are further investigated with a skin test. A patch test is used to diagnose a contact allergy. For this test, adhesive tape with test chambers is applied onto the skin, usually on the back. The test chambers contain allergens and, if necessary, other suspected substances. The test results are read after 48 and 72 hours.

• #13

  https://www.wyndly.com/blogs/learn/nickel-allergy-testing?srsltid=AfmBOoo9-HUT266xH-nSV5QhbQWa3PR3FDQz9TemxxOEkdh1ZNfctDye

  To test yourself for a nickel allergy, a physician-administered patch test is necessary. The doctor will apply patches with nickel to your skin and observe for signs of allergic reaction, such as redness or rash, over the next 48 hours. Self-testing is not recommended due to potential complications. […] To diagnose nickel allergy, appropriate allergy testing such as a skin allergy test can be performed. […] Diagnosis of nickel allergy is typically done by an allergist or dermatologist based on the patient’s symptoms and medical history. If nickel allergy is suspected, specific tests can be performed to confirm the diagnosis. […] The most common test for nickel allergy is a patch test. In this test, small patches coated with potential allergens, including nickel, are applied to the skin. After 48 hours, the patches are removed, and the skin is examined for reactions. If a red, itchy bump appears beneath the nickel patch, a nickel allergy is likely. […] If you suspect you have a systemic reaction to nickel or other metals, consider seeking a professional allergy test. Accurate diagnosis can help manage nickel allergies, whether local or systemic, and improve your quality of life.

• #14 Nickel allergy – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nickel_allergy

  Nickel allergy is typically diagnosed by patch testing applying a patch with 2.5% (in North America) or 5% (in Europe) nickel sulfate to the upper back and looking for irritation on the skin. As with other causes of allergic contact dermatitis, patches containing several common allergens are typically applied to the back for 48 hours, removed, then the spots examined for allergic reactions 2 to 5 days later. […] SNAS can often mimic IBS and may be more common than is widely appreciated. It therefore should be considered as a differential diagnosis item when a doctor is considering a diagnosis of IBS, and nickel allergy testing is advisable as a means to exclude or confirm SNAS. Even before such testing, some differentiating factors in the medical history are if certain foods prompt the symptoms (for example, peanuts or shellfish), whereas IBS is not specific to those foods.

• #15 Nickel allergy | Altru Health System

  https://www.altru.org/health-library/conditions/nickel-allergy

  Your doctor can usually diagnose nickel allergy based on your skin’s appearance, and a recent exposure to items that may contain nickel. […] If the cause of your rash isn’t apparent, however, your doctor may recommend a patch test (contact hypersensitivity allergy test). He or she may refer you to an allergy specialist (allergist) or a skin specialist (dermatologist) for this test. […] During a patch test, very small quantities of potential allergens (including nickel) are applied to your skin and covered with small patches. The patches remain on your skin for two days before the doctor removes them. If you have a nickel allergy, the skin under the nickel patch will be inflamed when the patch is removed or in the days after removal of the patch.

• #16 Nickel allergy diagnosis and desensitization

  https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/nickel-allergy-diagnosis-desensitization-gianluca-tognon

  Nickel allergy diagnosis typically manifests itself through skin reactions, including atopic dermatitis. Clinicians can diagnose this condition in different ways, depending on the exposure path, which can be via contact with nickel-containing objects, water, or food. Let’s go through some of the most common ways to diagnose nickel allergy. […] Patch testing – One of the most common ways to identify contact allergy due to sensitization to a specific substance, with nickel being the most common positive patch test allergen. […] False-positive reactions with follicular irritative reactions to the patch test may occur without real sensitization. […] False-negative reactions are also a possibility. However, when there is a strong suspicion that an individual is allergic to nickel, the clinician can repeat the test using 5% nickel chloride and substances that increase penetrance into the skin (e.g., DMSO).

• #17 Nickel allergy diagnosis and desensitization

  https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/nickel-allergy-diagnosis-desensitization-gianluca-tognon

  Specific training helps make the interpretation of this test more accurate and distinguish nickel allergy from generic irritative reactions. […] The lymphocyte proliferation test – This test assesses a delayed type of hypersensitivity reaction. […] Prick test – This test, which in adults is performed on the forearm, is also called puncture or scratch test. […] Intradermic test – It involves the injection of a small amount of the suspected allergen under the skin’s surface. […] Patch testing is considered safe in children, although caution is needed when assessing positive reactions. […] The gold standard method to diagnose food allergy or intolerance is the elimination diet and the corresponding double-blind, placebo-controlled provocation test. […] A challenge test is positive when it causes a relapse or an exacerbation of clinical manifestations of nickel allergy after the ingestion of one of the above doses of nickel (but not after taking a placebo capsule).

• #18 Metal Allergy Testing Program | National Jewish Health

  https://www.nationaljewish.org/directory/metalls-allergy-program

  The MetALLs program offers individualized evaluation that can help guide the selection of hardware, minimize failure due to allergy and reduce the need for surgical revision in joint replacement patients. […] We currently offer two options for assessing joint replacement patients for allergies: […] We offer patch testing at our clinic in Denver, CO. Our customized, comprehensive patch test panel evaluates sensitivity to multiple components used in joint replacements, including nickel, cobalt, chromium, titanium, benzoyl peroxide, and bone cement itself. […] We also offer the nickel lymphocyte proliferation test (NiLPT). The NiLPT is a simple blood assay that has been validated by patch testing, which detects nickel sensitization. […] The nickel lymphocyte proliferation test (NiLPT) is a simple blood test for nickel allergy that measures the proliferation of lymphocytes (white blood cells) when presented with a challenge agent. […] The NiLPT offers physicians the ability to diagnose nickel allergy if patch testing is unavailable. It also can be used when patch test results are inconclusive. […] The NiLPT has been validated against patch testing and demonstrated to have a specificity of 98% and sensitivity of 68%.

• #19 Nickel Allergy | Synevo Laboratories

  https://synevo.com.tr/en/Nickel-Allergy

  About 15% nickel allergy among the societies of today is observed. […] Nickel should be detected by the allergic test. […] For the nickel allergy, LTT-Nickel Test should be applied. […] LTT (Lymphocyte Transformation Test) is a special allergy diagnosis test which proves cellular allergic sensitivity (Type-IV Delayed Allergy) and is much more sensitive than classical allergy tests.

• #20 Evaluation of lymphocyte transformation tests as compared with patch tests in nickel allergy diagnosis – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28176340/

  The patch test is considered to be the gold standard for diagnosing nickel (Ni) allergy. The lymphocyte transformation test (LTT) can also be used to detect Ni sensitization. However, little is known about the correlation between patch test and LTT reactions to Ni. […] Performing the LTT with optimized stimulating conditions might be a useful additional tool for the diagnosis of Ni allergy if non-sensitized controls are included.

• #21 Metal Allergy Testing Program | National Jewish Health

  https://www.nationaljewish.org/directory/metalls-allergy-program

  The MetALLs program offers individualized evaluation that can help guide the selection of hardware, minimize failure due to allergy and reduce the need for surgical revision in joint replacement patients. […] We currently offer two options for assessing joint replacement patients for allergies: […] We offer patch testing at our clinic in Denver, CO. Our customized, comprehensive patch test panel evaluates sensitivity to multiple components used in joint replacements, including nickel, cobalt, chromium, titanium, benzoyl peroxide, and bone cement itself. […] We also offer the nickel lymphocyte proliferation test (NiLPT). The NiLPT is a simple blood assay that has been validated by patch testing, which detects nickel sensitization. […] The nickel lymphocyte proliferation test (NiLPT) is a simple blood test for nickel allergy that measures the proliferation of lymphocytes (white blood cells) when presented with a challenge agent. […] The NiLPT offers physicians the ability to diagnose nickel allergy if patch testing is unavailable. It also can be used when patch test results are inconclusive. […] The NiLPT has been validated against patch testing and demonstrated to have a specificity of 98% and sensitivity of 68%.

• #22 Metal Hypersensitivity: Beryllium and Nickel Allergy Testing

  https://www.nationaljewish.org/directory/metal-hypersensitivity

  Metal hypersensitivity is a cell-mediated immune response that can lead to various diseases, including the granulomatous lung disease called Chronic Beryllium Disease. […] National Jewish Health Advanced Diagnostic Laboratories has more than two decades of experience in developing and performing Lymphocyte Proliferation Tests (LPT) to measure cell-mediated immune response to metals. […] Introduced a nickel lymphocyte proliferation test (NiLPT) to detect nickel sensitization in 2012. […] The lymphocyte proliferation test (LPT) is an in vitro test that measures the antigen-specific T cell response to a suspected antigen or metal in culture. […] Nickel lymphocyte proliferation test (NiLPT).

• #23 Systemic Nickel Allergy Syndrome (SNAS) – Research Article

  https://www.gavinpublishers.com/article/view/systemic-nickel-allergy-syndrome-taking-stock-of-medical-nutrition-therapy-snas-and-nutrition

  Individuals are clinically assessed for SNAS and confirmed by a positive patch test, which is a fundamental requirement to prove SNAS existence. […] Gold standard for SNAS diagnosis is based on an Oral Provocation Test (OPT), called also Nickel “Oral Challenge” (NOC) that can be performed only after 4-6 weeks of a Nickel-free diet. […] Nickel OPT is considered positive if cutaneous systemic symptoms occur with or without gastrointestinal symptoms as bloating and diarrhea and/or typical cutaneous manifestations as flare-up reactions in patch test sites, itching or generalized erythema. […] As far as “Nickel Free diet” (N-F diet) concerns, the practical limitation is that there’s no standard dietetic protocol universally accepted and recommended. […] Many authors recommend the BraMaNi diet by Braga and Maccarinelli, developed to minimize additive content and vasoactive amines in foods.

• #24 Nickel allergy diagnosis and desensitization – Gianluca Tognon

  https://www.gianlucatognon.com/nickel-allergy-diagnosis-and-desensitization/

  A challenge test is positive when it causes a relapse or an exacerbation of clinical manifestations of nickel allergy after the ingestion of one of the above doses of nickel (but not after taking a placebo capsule. […] The nickel challenge test has a high degree of specificity, which means it is highly likely to give negative results in healthy subjects and in a patient whose hand eczema or dermatitis is not due to nickel sensitization. […] Patients who suffer from idiopathic urticaria or another allergic-like, non-IgE-mediated dermatitis who reacted positively to a nickel patch test should start a low-nickel diet and confirm their nickel sensitivity via a DBPCNC. […] It appears that nickel allergy can be diagnosed in different ways, although DBPCN followed by a nickel exclusion diet to confirm the results remains the gold standard.

• #25 Nickel allergy diagnosis and desensitization

  https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/nickel-allergy-diagnosis-desensitization-gianluca-tognon

  Specific training helps make the interpretation of this test more accurate and distinguish nickel allergy from generic irritative reactions. […] The lymphocyte proliferation test – This test assesses a delayed type of hypersensitivity reaction. […] Prick test – This test, which in adults is performed on the forearm, is also called puncture or scratch test. […] Intradermic test – It involves the injection of a small amount of the suspected allergen under the skin’s surface. […] Patch testing is considered safe in children, although caution is needed when assessing positive reactions. […] The gold standard method to diagnose food allergy or intolerance is the elimination diet and the corresponding double-blind, placebo-controlled provocation test. […] A challenge test is positive when it causes a relapse or an exacerbation of clinical manifestations of nickel allergy after the ingestion of one of the above doses of nickel (but not after taking a placebo capsule).

• #26 Nickel allergy diagnosis and desensitization

  https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/nickel-allergy-diagnosis-desensitization-gianluca-tognon

  A positive patch test can help further corroborate a positive result from a nickel challenge test. […] Patients who suffer from idiopathic urticaria or another allergic-like, non-IgE-mediated dermatitis who reacted positively to a nickel patch test should start a low-nickel diet and confirm their nickel sensitivity via a DBPCNC. […] It appears that nickel allergy can be diagnosed in different ways, although DBPCN followed by a nickel exclusion diet to confirm the results remains the gold standard.

• #27 Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Nickel Allergy: What Is the Role of the Low Nickel Diet?

  https://www.jnmjournal.org/journal/view.html?doi=10.5056/jnm16027

  Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is characterized by chronic abdominal pain or discomfort accompanied by abnormal bowel movements. In sensitized subjects, ingested nickel (Ni) may induce gastrointestinal symptoms similar to IBS, in addition to typical systemic cutaneous lesions (systemic nickel allergy syndrome [SNAS]). A low nickel diet could improve the systemic manifestations. We evaluated prevalence of nickel allergy in IBS and effects of low Ni diet on (1) gastrointestinal symptoms control, (2) intestinal barrier function, (3) quality of life, and (4) psychological status of patients with IBS and Ni-sensitized patients. […] This pilot study shows that low Ni diet improves gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with IBS and SNAS. […] Our data demonstrate that: (1) Ni allergy is highly prevalent in patients affected by IBS, with a higher frequency in females; (2) a low Ni diet determines a clear improvement on both gastrointestinal symptoms and state of general physical health in IBS patients with concomitant Ni allergy; and (3) the change of IP after low Ni diet is influenced by skin reactivity to Ni and IBS subtypes.

• #28 Nickel allergy may be misdiagnosed as IBS – Parsemus Foundation

  https://www.parsemus.org/2023/04/nickel-allergy-may-be-misdiagnosed-as-ibs/

  Systemic Nickel Allergy Syndrome (SNAS) is an allergic reaction to nickel that is in many food items, with the same symptoms as IBS. […] More education about SNAS and how it may appear like IBS is critical to develop proper treatment protocols. […] If you are an IBS patient who has not had improvement with typical treatment options, or if you have gastrointestinal reactions to particular foods that are not normal triggers for IBS, consider asking your doctor about SNAS. A skin-patch allergy test can usually quickly show if you have a nickel allergy.

• #29 Nickel allergy – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/nickel-allergy/symptoms-causes/syc-20351529

  Nickel allergy is a common cause of allergic contact dermatitis an itchy rash that appears where your skin touches a usually harmless substance. […] If you have a skin rash and don’t know how you got it, talk to your doctor. […] The exact cause of nickel allergy is unknown. […] Once your body has developed a reaction to a particular agent (allergen) in this case, nickel your immune system will always be sensitive to it. […] Home test kits are available to check for nickel in metal items. […] Allergy skin tests.

• #30 Two Cents About Nickel Allergy

  https://www.aaaai.org/tools-for-the-public/conditions-library/allergies/nickel

  Nickel is a leading cause of allergic contact dermatitisan itchy rash that develops when a persons skin touches a normally harmless material. […] While there is no cure for nickel allergy, allergic reactions can be prevented by avoiding products that contain it. […] Home testing kits are available to check metal items for nickel. […] Talk to your allergist / immunologist if you think you have a nickel allergy. An allergist / immunologist is the best doctor to diagnose nickel allergy and prescribe treatments. […] The only way to prevent a reaction is to avoid wearing metal with nickel in it.

• #31 Nickel allergy diagnosis and desensitization – Gianluca Tognon

  https://www.gianlucatognon.com/nickel-allergy-diagnosis-and-desensitization/

  Specific training helps make the interpretation of this test more accurate and distinguish nickel allergy from generic irritative reactions. […] This test assesses a delayed type of hypersensitivity reaction. […] This test, which in adults is performed on the forearm, is also called puncture or scratch test. […] It involves the injection of a small amount of the suspected allergen under the skins surface. […] It is common to test for food allergies those children younger than five years who are affected by moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis. […] If suspecting an immediate reaction, testing may include both a skin prick test and allergen-specific serum IgE tests. […] Patch testing is considered safe in children, although caution is needed when assessing positive reactions. […] A protocol for the double-blinded placebo-controlled nickel challenge (DBPCNC) test has been proposed and clearly described by Antico and Soana (2015).

• #32 Sensiband Metal Allergy Test Kit / Medical Implants

  https://sensiband.com/products/sensiband-implant-kit-with-7-metal-discs

  Sensiband Metal Allergy Test Discs are inserted into silicone band to test for skin sensitivity with metals commonly used in joint replacement and medical implant procedures. […] If a metal allergy is present, a reaction known as Contact Dermatitis may appear. This reaction will present as a skin rash under the metal disc. […] If a metal allergy is present, a rash-like reaction known as Contact Dermatitis may appear. Make a note of which metal(s) cause a reaction, and tell your doctor not to use them for any of your medical procedures. […] The incidence of metal allergies is rising in the general population, most likely a consequence of increased exposure to metal from piercings, jewelry, and internal medical devices or dental restorations. […] If an individual experiences any of the symptoms for metal allergies, it would be wise to undergo testing to help make this diagnosis. Greater awareness of hypersensitivity to metals could prevent patient exposure to implants which could lead to significant morbidity.

• #33 Sensiband Metal Allergy Test Kit / Medical Implants

  https://sensiband.com/products/sensiband-implant-kit-with-7-metal-discs

  There are two commonly accepted tests that can help to determine if an individual is allergic to one or more metals. One is a Patch Test, which is most commonly performed. The less common test is a Lymphocyte Transformation Test, which is a blood test. Both tests must be ordered by health care providers.

• #34 Metal Allergy Testing Program | National Jewish Health

  https://www.nationaljewish.org/directory/metalls-allergy-program

  The MetALLs program offers individualized evaluation that can help guide the selection of hardware, minimize failure due to allergy and reduce the need for surgical revision in joint replacement patients. […] We currently offer two options for assessing joint replacement patients for allergies: […] We offer patch testing at our clinic in Denver, CO. Our customized, comprehensive patch test panel evaluates sensitivity to multiple components used in joint replacements, including nickel, cobalt, chromium, titanium, benzoyl peroxide, and bone cement itself. […] We also offer the nickel lymphocyte proliferation test (NiLPT). The NiLPT is a simple blood assay that has been validated by patch testing, which detects nickel sensitization. […] The nickel lymphocyte proliferation test (NiLPT) is a simple blood test for nickel allergy that measures the proliferation of lymphocytes (white blood cells) when presented with a challenge agent. […] The NiLPT offers physicians the ability to diagnose nickel allergy if patch testing is unavailable. It also can be used when patch test results are inconclusive. […] The NiLPT has been validated against patch testing and demonstrated to have a specificity of 98% and sensitivity of 68%.

• #35

  https://www.healio.com/news/orthopedics/20190111/metal-allergy-a-clinical-conundrum

  Diagnosis of metal hypersensitivity can be challenging because there is not much specificity to what has been generally considered symptoms of an allergic response to a metal implant, according to Joshua J. Jacobs, MD, William A. Hark and Susanne G. Swift professor and chairman of the department of orthopedic surgery at Rush University Medical Center in Chicago. […] Patients may also present with symptoms related to the joint itself, such as pain, swelling, stiffness and synovitis or an effusion. These symptoms can be more challenging to address as these can be related to a variety of pathologic conditions, according to Eftekhary and colleagues, which result in metal hypersensitivity being a diagnosis of exclusion. […] Currently, there are two main tests for metal hypersensitivity: a skin-patch test and the lymphocyte transformation test (LTT). Simple to perform and widely available, the skin-patch test (SPT) can be performed in the office by a dermatologist and allows for a number of potential offending agents to be assessed.

• #36

  https://www.healio.com/news/orthopedics/20190111/metal-allergy-a-clinical-conundrum

  Although both tests have shown promising results in the diagnosis of metal hypersensitivity, previously published studies have shown they also have disadvantages. The SPT has been found to be subjective and to produce false positives, Lionberger told Orthopedics Today. […] I tell the patient that neither LTT nor patch testing is clinically validated. Further, these testing modalities have not been shown to be predictive of surgical outcomes. Even if the patient undergoes surgery with a so-called hypoallergenic implant, there is no guarantee they will not experience a hypersensitivity response to their implant, Jacobs said. […] Despite a limited number of studies that have suggested good outcomes in patients who undergo revision surgery for metal hypersensitivity, Jacobs noted the sample sizes used are small, the studies are uncontrolled and retrospective, and they lack histologic confirmation that there was a tissue allergy present.

• #37

  https://www.healio.com/news/orthopedics/20190111/metal-allergy-a-clinical-conundrum

  Although both tests have shown promising results in the diagnosis of metal hypersensitivity, previously published studies have shown they also have disadvantages. The SPT has been found to be subjective and to produce false positives, Lionberger told Orthopedics Today. […] I tell the patient that neither LTT nor patch testing is clinically validated. Further, these testing modalities have not been shown to be predictive of surgical outcomes. Even if the patient undergoes surgery with a so-called hypoallergenic implant, there is no guarantee they will not experience a hypersensitivity response to their implant, Jacobs said. […] Despite a limited number of studies that have suggested good outcomes in patients who undergo revision surgery for metal hypersensitivity, Jacobs noted the sample sizes used are small, the studies are uncontrolled and retrospective, and they lack histologic confirmation that there was a tissue allergy present.

• #38

  https://www.healio.com/news/orthopedics/20190111/metal-allergy-a-clinical-conundrum

  Although patients with metal hypersensitivity may benefit from revision surgery, Jacobs said to think twice before performing revision surgery for metal hypersensitivity because outcomes are unpredictable and there are real risks of postoperative complications, such as prosthetic joint infection. […] Everything is controversial about [metal hypersensitivity]. But, if you look at the literature and if you have been involved in joint replacement and have been willing to accept these patients and tried to treat them, you have to come to the realization that this is a real entity, Whiteside said. It is extremely important for some patients and we definitely need something that we can offer them.

• #39 Systemic Nickel Allergy Syndrome (SNAS) – Research Article

  https://www.gavinpublishers.com/article/view/systemic-nickel-allergy-syndrome-taking-stock-of-medical-nutrition-therapy-snas-and-nutrition

  Nickel is a ubiquitous metal present in different products such as soil, food, and water. […] The treatment of patients affected by Systemic Nickel Allergy Syndrome does not yet have a standard protocol. […] This narrative review proposes an overview of the current knowledge of Systemic Nickel Allergy Syndrome associated with symptomatology, diagnosis, and medical nutrition treatment-related care practices. […] Despite the extensive research in this field, many questions remain regarding the medical treatment of patients with SNAS. […] Since patch test positivity represents an effective first step tool for SNAS diagnosis, the rise in ACD prevalence may imply an increased number of patients suffering from SNAS, who often are underdiagnosed due to undefined symptoms. […] Until now, knowledge about the treatment of SNAS remains unclear; therefore, this narrative review proposes an overview of the current knowledge of Systemic Nickel Allergy Syndrome (SNAS) associated with symptomatology, diagnosis, and with medical nutrition treatment-related care practices.

• #40 Systemic nickel hypersensitivity and diet: myth or reality? – European Annals of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

  https://www.eurannallergyimm.com/systemic-nickel-hypersensitivity-and-diet-myth-or-reality/

  Nickel is a very common metal contained in many everyday objects and is the leading cause of ACD (Allergic Contact Dermatitis). […] The relationship between ACD and contact with nickel is undisputed and widely confirmed in literature. […] The situation is different for systemic nickel allergy syndrome (SNAS). […] A rigorous demonstration of the relationship between SCD and nickel is extremely difficult. […] Conclusion: an evaluation of the data presented by medical literature about SNAS and its relationship with oral nickel does not allow to draw final conclusions. In the absence of genuine certainty we can only conclude that further and broader studies, more rigorously conducted, are needed.

• #41 Systemic Nickel Allergy Syndrome (SNAS) – Research Article

  https://www.gavinpublishers.com/article/view/systemic-nickel-allergy-syndrome-taking-stock-of-medical-nutrition-therapy-snas-and-nutrition

  Individuals are clinically assessed for SNAS and confirmed by a positive patch test, which is a fundamental requirement to prove SNAS existence. […] Gold standard for SNAS diagnosis is based on an Oral Provocation Test (OPT), called also Nickel “Oral Challenge” (NOC) that can be performed only after 4-6 weeks of a Nickel-free diet. […] Nickel OPT is considered positive if cutaneous systemic symptoms occur with or without gastrointestinal symptoms as bloating and diarrhea and/or typical cutaneous manifestations as flare-up reactions in patch test sites, itching or generalized erythema. […] As far as “Nickel Free diet” (N-F diet) concerns, the practical limitation is that there’s no standard dietetic protocol universally accepted and recommended. […] Many authors recommend the BraMaNi diet by Braga and Maccarinelli, developed to minimize additive content and vasoactive amines in foods.

• #42 Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Nickel Allergy: What Is the Role of the Low Nickel Diet?

  https://www.jnmjournal.org/journal/view.html?doi=10.5056/jnm16027

  Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is characterized by chronic abdominal pain or discomfort accompanied by abnormal bowel movements. In sensitized subjects, ingested nickel (Ni) may induce gastrointestinal symptoms similar to IBS, in addition to typical systemic cutaneous lesions (systemic nickel allergy syndrome [SNAS]). A low nickel diet could improve the systemic manifestations. We evaluated prevalence of nickel allergy in IBS and effects of low Ni diet on (1) gastrointestinal symptoms control, (2) intestinal barrier function, (3) quality of life, and (4) psychological status of patients with IBS and Ni-sensitized patients. […] This pilot study shows that low Ni diet improves gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with IBS and SNAS. […] Our data demonstrate that: (1) Ni allergy is highly prevalent in patients affected by IBS, with a higher frequency in females; (2) a low Ni diet determines a clear improvement on both gastrointestinal symptoms and state of general physical health in IBS patients with concomitant Ni allergy; and (3) the change of IP after low Ni diet is influenced by skin reactivity to Ni and IBS subtypes.

• #43 Nickel allergy may be misdiagnosed as IBS – Parsemus Foundation

  https://www.parsemus.org/2023/04/nickel-allergy-may-be-misdiagnosed-as-ibs/

  Systemic Nickel Allergy Syndrome (SNAS) is an allergic reaction to nickel that is in many food items, with the same symptoms as IBS. […] More education about SNAS and how it may appear like IBS is critical to develop proper treatment protocols. […] If you are an IBS patient who has not had improvement with typical treatment options, or if you have gastrointestinal reactions to particular foods that are not normal triggers for IBS, consider asking your doctor about SNAS. A skin-patch allergy test can usually quickly show if you have a nickel allergy.

• #44 Nickel allergy – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nickel_allergy

  Nickel allergy is typically diagnosed by patch testing applying a patch with 2.5% (in North America) or 5% (in Europe) nickel sulfate to the upper back and looking for irritation on the skin. As with other causes of allergic contact dermatitis, patches containing several common allergens are typically applied to the back for 48 hours, removed, then the spots examined for allergic reactions 2 to 5 days later. […] SNAS can often mimic IBS and may be more common than is widely appreciated. It therefore should be considered as a differential diagnosis item when a doctor is considering a diagnosis of IBS, and nickel allergy testing is advisable as a means to exclude or confirm SNAS. Even before such testing, some differentiating factors in the medical history are if certain foods prompt the symptoms (for example, peanuts or shellfish), whereas IBS is not specific to those foods.

• #45 Nickel Allergy – MD Searchlight

  https://mdsearchlight.com/allergy/nickel-allergy/

  Treating a nickel allergy, which can cause a skin condition known as allergic contact dermatitis, begins with figuring out whats causing the reaction and then keeping away from that item. […] If these self-care measures do not bring desired relief, medication might be required. […] Diagnosing a nickel allergy often requires multiple doctor’s visits. […] The types of tests that may be needed for a nickel allergy include: – Patch testing: Small amounts of different substances are applied to the skin to identify the specific allergen causing the reaction. […] The doctor needs to rule out the following conditions when diagnosing Nickel Allergy: – Severe allergic reactions and anaphylaxis […] The side effects when treating Nickel Allergy include damaged and raw skin, risk of skin infections, development of cellulitis, complications in treatment plans, and limited immune response due to topical corticosteroid use. […] Treating a nickel allergy involves identifying the source of the reaction and avoiding contact with it.

• #46 The Facts About Nickel Allergy in Orthodontics | Suwanee, GA | Walton Orthodontics

  https://drwaltonorthodontics.com/blog/facts-about-nickel-allergy-in-orthodontics/

  Suwanee Orthodontist Explains The Facts About Nickel Allergy in Orthodontics […] Nickel hypersensitivity induced contact dermatitis is confirmed through the use of a patch test in which small amounts of allergens are applied to the skin for a period of time. The dermatologist then measures the intensity of the skin’s reaction. A patch test score of +4 (the most severe of reactions) is characterized by the presence of erythema, edema, papules, and vesicles at the test site while a score of +2 presents in only erythema which is a much less intense allergic response. Correct diagnosis of nickel hypersensitivity is important. The following patient medical history would suggest a diagnosis of nickel allergy: a previous allergic response after wearing earrings or other metal item, appearance of allergy symptoms following insertion of orthodontic components containing nickel, extra-oral (outside the mouth) rash adjacent to headgear arms. […] It is very important to eliminate lesions associated with other causes: herpetic stomatitis, candidiasis, ulcers due to mechanical irritation, allergies to other materials such as acrylic.

• #47 The Facts About Nickel Allergy in Orthodontics | Suwanee, GA | Walton Orthodontics

  https://drwaltonorthodontics.com/blog/facts-about-nickel-allergy-in-orthodontics/

  Suwanee Orthodontist Explains The Facts About Nickel Allergy in Orthodontics […] Nickel hypersensitivity induced contact dermatitis is confirmed through the use of a patch test in which small amounts of allergens are applied to the skin for a period of time. The dermatologist then measures the intensity of the skin’s reaction. A patch test score of +4 (the most severe of reactions) is characterized by the presence of erythema, edema, papules, and vesicles at the test site while a score of +2 presents in only erythema which is a much less intense allergic response. Correct diagnosis of nickel hypersensitivity is important. The following patient medical history would suggest a diagnosis of nickel allergy: a previous allergic response after wearing earrings or other metal item, appearance of allergy symptoms following insertion of orthodontic components containing nickel, extra-oral (outside the mouth) rash adjacent to headgear arms. […] It is very important to eliminate lesions associated with other causes: herpetic stomatitis, candidiasis, ulcers due to mechanical irritation, allergies to other materials such as acrylic.

• #48 Contact Dermatitis, Nickel (Nickel allergic contact dermatitis, allergic contact dermatitis to nickel, nickel allergy) – Dermatology Advisor

  https://www.dermatologyadvisor.com/home/decision-support-in-medicine/dermatology/contact-dermatitis-nickel-nickel-allergic-contact-dermatitis-allergic-contact-dermatitis-to-nickel-nickel-allergy/

  The first step in confirming the diagnosis is to observe whether the problem resolves with avoidance of the substance. […] Skin biopsy will show an acute spongiotic dermatitis with scattered eosinophils. […] When one clinically diagnoses a nickel allergy without patch testing, you may be wrong. […] If the patient does not respond to nickel avoidance, patch testing is warranted to determine whether another agent is causing the reaction.

• #49 Nickel allergy – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nickel_allergy

  Nickel allergy is typically diagnosed by patch testing applying a patch with 2.5% (in North America) or 5% (in Europe) nickel sulfate to the upper back and looking for irritation on the skin. As with other causes of allergic contact dermatitis, patches containing several common allergens are typically applied to the back for 48 hours, removed, then the spots examined for allergic reactions 2 to 5 days later. […] SNAS can often mimic IBS and may be more common than is widely appreciated. It therefore should be considered as a differential diagnosis item when a doctor is considering a diagnosis of IBS, and nickel allergy testing is advisable as a means to exclude or confirm SNAS. Even before such testing, some differentiating factors in the medical history are if certain foods prompt the symptoms (for example, peanuts or shellfish), whereas IBS is not specific to those foods.

• #50 Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Nickel Allergy: What Is the Role of the Low Nickel Diet?

  https://www.jnmjournal.org/journal/view.html?doi=10.5056/jnm16027

  Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is characterized by chronic abdominal pain or discomfort accompanied by abnormal bowel movements. In sensitized subjects, ingested nickel (Ni) may induce gastrointestinal symptoms similar to IBS, in addition to typical systemic cutaneous lesions (systemic nickel allergy syndrome [SNAS]). A low nickel diet could improve the systemic manifestations. We evaluated prevalence of nickel allergy in IBS and effects of low Ni diet on (1) gastrointestinal symptoms control, (2) intestinal barrier function, (3) quality of life, and (4) psychological status of patients with IBS and Ni-sensitized patients. […] This pilot study shows that low Ni diet improves gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with IBS and SNAS. […] Our data demonstrate that: (1) Ni allergy is highly prevalent in patients affected by IBS, with a higher frequency in females; (2) a low Ni diet determines a clear improvement on both gastrointestinal symptoms and state of general physical health in IBS patients with concomitant Ni allergy; and (3) the change of IP after low Ni diet is influenced by skin reactivity to Ni and IBS subtypes.

• #51 Nickel allergy – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nickel_allergy

  Nickel allergy is typically diagnosed by patch testing applying a patch with 2.5% (in North America) or 5% (in Europe) nickel sulfate to the upper back and looking for irritation on the skin. As with other causes of allergic contact dermatitis, patches containing several common allergens are typically applied to the back for 48 hours, removed, then the spots examined for allergic reactions 2 to 5 days later. […] SNAS can often mimic IBS and may be more common than is widely appreciated. It therefore should be considered as a differential diagnosis item when a doctor is considering a diagnosis of IBS, and nickel allergy testing is advisable as a means to exclude or confirm SNAS. Even before such testing, some differentiating factors in the medical history are if certain foods prompt the symptoms (for example, peanuts or shellfish), whereas IBS is not specific to those foods.

• #52 Contact Dermatitis, Nickel (Nickel allergic contact dermatitis, allergic contact dermatitis to nickel, nickel allergy) – Dermatology Advisor

  https://www.dermatologyadvisor.com/home/decision-support-in-medicine/dermatology/contact-dermatitis-nickel-nickel-allergic-contact-dermatitis-allergic-contact-dermatitis-to-nickel-nickel-allergy/

  Contact dermatitis is a common eczematous skin dermatitis characterized by inflammation, resulting in erythematous and pruritic skin lesions after contact with a foreign substance. […] Nickel is one of the most common substances to cause allergic contact dermatitis. […] The diagnosis of contact dermatitis to nickel can be made clinically with confirmation by patch testing. […] The diagnosis of allergic contact dermatitis to nickel is made by the history and physical, which involves a skin rash localized to the offending allergen. […] If avoidance or empiric treatment does not resolve the skin rash, patch testing can be done to further evaluate the allergen present. […] The characteristic finding on physical examination of allergic contact dermatitis to nickel is the shape and location of the rash.

• #53 Nickel allergy diagnosis and desensitization – Gianluca Tognon

  https://www.gianlucatognon.com/nickel-allergy-diagnosis-and-desensitization/

  A challenge test is positive when it causes a relapse or an exacerbation of clinical manifestations of nickel allergy after the ingestion of one of the above doses of nickel (but not after taking a placebo capsule. […] The nickel challenge test has a high degree of specificity, which means it is highly likely to give negative results in healthy subjects and in a patient whose hand eczema or dermatitis is not due to nickel sensitization. […] Patients who suffer from idiopathic urticaria or another allergic-like, non-IgE-mediated dermatitis who reacted positively to a nickel patch test should start a low-nickel diet and confirm their nickel sensitivity via a DBPCNC. […] It appears that nickel allergy can be diagnosed in different ways, although DBPCN followed by a nickel exclusion diet to confirm the results remains the gold standard.

• #54 Nickel allergy diagnosis and desensitization – Gianluca Tognon

  https://www.gianlucatognon.com/nickel-allergy-diagnosis-and-desensitization/

  A challenge test is positive when it causes a relapse or an exacerbation of clinical manifestations of nickel allergy after the ingestion of one of the above doses of nickel (but not after taking a placebo capsule. […] The nickel challenge test has a high degree of specificity, which means it is highly likely to give negative results in healthy subjects and in a patient whose hand eczema or dermatitis is not due to nickel sensitization. […] Patients who suffer from idiopathic urticaria or another allergic-like, non-IgE-mediated dermatitis who reacted positively to a nickel patch test should start a low-nickel diet and confirm their nickel sensitivity via a DBPCNC. […] It appears that nickel allergy can be diagnosed in different ways, although DBPCN followed by a nickel exclusion diet to confirm the results remains the gold standard.

• #55 Nickel Allergy – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557638/

  The key element of appropriate treatment and management of allergic contact dermatitis due to nickel allergy is the identification and removal of the source object. […] If the patient is determined to have a nickel allergy, management begins with avoidance of repeat exposure, as this is the most effective treatment option. […] The location of a rash and thorough history are the keys to makings a diagnosis of nickel allergy. […] A team approach involving providers, nurses, and laboratory technicians to identify nickel allergy and make appropriate referrals will result in the best outcomes.

• #56 Nickel allergy diagnosis and desensitization

  https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/nickel-allergy-diagnosis-desensitization-gianluca-tognon

  A positive patch test can help further corroborate a positive result from a nickel challenge test. […] Patients who suffer from idiopathic urticaria or another allergic-like, non-IgE-mediated dermatitis who reacted positively to a nickel patch test should start a low-nickel diet and confirm their nickel sensitivity via a DBPCNC. […] It appears that nickel allergy can be diagnosed in different ways, although DBPCN followed by a nickel exclusion diet to confirm the results remains the gold standard.

• #57

  https://dermeleve.com/blogs/news/nickel-allergy?srsltid=AfmBOopeN8BwjOTvvEcPlyq0glVvhPiCZb7u7Pcj5toOF9Ldv09LPAt2

  Nickel allergy can affect anyone, but certain factors increase the likelihood of developing this condition: […] To diagnose a nickel allergy, a dermatologist will typically perform the following: […] A positive patch test is indicated by red, itchy bumps at the patch site, confirming an allergy to nickel. This diagnosis helps in tailoring a suitable management plan for the individual. […] Understanding these symptoms is crucial for early identification and management. If you suspect you have a nickel allergy, it’s advisable to consult a dermatologist for an accurate diagnosis and tailored treatment plan. […] Diagnosis involves testing for nickel sensitivity through allergen patch testing on specific test sites on the skin.

• #58 Do You Have a Nickel Allergy?

  https://www.greenvilleallergy.com/blog/378596-do-you-have-a-nickel-allergy

  Nickel AllergyThere are many reasons why someone may develop a rash. Everything from stress to allergies can be to blame. If you are dealing with a localized and itchy rash, it could be the result of contact dermatitis. If you wear jewelry this could be a sign of a nickel allergy. Symptoms of a nickel allergy can appear anywhere within a few hours to a couple of days after exposure, and symptoms can last several weeks. Most people only develop a localized rash in the area where the skin has made contact with the metal; however, the rash can spread to other areas. Signs of a nickel allergy include, A localized rash with or without bumps, Intense itching, Redness, Dry patches, In more severe cases, you may develop fluid-filled blisters on the skin. […] If youve not been diagnosed with a nickel allergy its a good idea to see an allergist first before you simply start treating the rash. […] If you are dealing with recurring skin rashes or other signs of an allergy, you must turn to an allergist for a proper diagnosis and evaluation.

• #59 Nickel Allergy

  https://www.healthhub.sg/a-z/diseases-and-conditions/nickel_allergy_nsc

  Nickel sensitivity is common, especially in women, particularly after they have had their ears pierced. […] In this case your doctor might refer you to a dermatologist to carry out patch tests to see if you are allergic to nickel. […] Once you become sensitive to nickel you are likely to remain so for life. […] There are no medicines to cure nickel allergy and the best treatment is to avoid the metal. […] If you are considering modifying your diet to try to improve your skin, always consult your doctor first.

• #60 What You Should Know About Nickel Allergies | Banner Health

  https://www.bannerhealth.com/healthcareblog/teach-me/is-a-nickel-allergy-making-your-skin-itchy-and-red

  Signs like these could point to a nickel allergy or sensitivity to nickel. Its one of the most common causes of allergic skin irritation the American Academy of Dermatology says it affects more than 18% of people. […] A nickel allergy is an allergic reaction that develops in your skin after your skin comes in contact with nickel. […] People are sometimes surprised that they develop a nickel allergy after theyve been wearing jewelry or clothing that contains nickel for quite some time, Dr. Leubner said. […] In fact, you almost always need to be exposed multiple times before your skin gets sensitized and reacts to it. […] Its rare for people to react to nickel with just one exposure. […] A health care professional can diagnose a nickel allergy by taking your medical history and conducting a physical exam.

• #61 Nickel allergy diagnosis and desensitization

  https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/nickel-allergy-diagnosis-desensitization-gianluca-tognon

  A positive patch test can help further corroborate a positive result from a nickel challenge test. […] Patients who suffer from idiopathic urticaria or another allergic-like, non-IgE-mediated dermatitis who reacted positively to a nickel patch test should start a low-nickel diet and confirm their nickel sensitivity via a DBPCNC. […] It appears that nickel allergy can be diagnosed in different ways, although DBPCN followed by a nickel exclusion diet to confirm the results remains the gold standard.

• #62 Nickel Allergy – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557638/

  The key element of appropriate treatment and management of allergic contact dermatitis due to nickel allergy is the identification and removal of the source object. […] If the patient is determined to have a nickel allergy, management begins with avoidance of repeat exposure, as this is the most effective treatment option. […] The location of a rash and thorough history are the keys to makings a diagnosis of nickel allergy. […] A team approach involving providers, nurses, and laboratory technicians to identify nickel allergy and make appropriate referrals will result in the best outcomes.

• #63 Contact Dermatitis, Nickel (Nickel allergic contact dermatitis, allergic contact dermatitis to nickel, nickel allergy) – Dermatology Advisor

  https://www.dermatologyadvisor.com/home/decision-support-in-medicine/dermatology/contact-dermatitis-nickel-nickel-allergic-contact-dermatitis-allergic-contact-dermatitis-to-nickel-nickel-allergy/

  The first step in confirming the diagnosis is to observe whether the problem resolves with avoidance of the substance. […] Skin biopsy will show an acute spongiotic dermatitis with scattered eosinophils. […] When one clinically diagnoses a nickel allergy without patch testing, you may be wrong. […] If the patient does not respond to nickel avoidance, patch testing is warranted to determine whether another agent is causing the reaction.

• #64 Nickel Allergy – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557638/

  The key element of appropriate treatment and management of allergic contact dermatitis due to nickel allergy is the identification and removal of the source object. […] If the patient is determined to have a nickel allergy, management begins with avoidance of repeat exposure, as this is the most effective treatment option. […] The location of a rash and thorough history are the keys to makings a diagnosis of nickel allergy. […] A team approach involving providers, nurses, and laboratory technicians to identify nickel allergy and make appropriate referrals will result in the best outcomes.

• #65 Nickel Allergy – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557638/

  Nickel allergy is a type of contact dermatitis caused by direct contact with nickel. […] This activity reviews the evaluation and treatment of nickel allergy and highlights the role of the interprofessional team in managing patients with this condition. […] Identify key factors in appropriately recognizing and evaluating patients with a nickel allergy. […] Explain the importance of improving coordination of care amongst the interprofessional team to ensure appropriate diagnosis and management in patients with a nickel allergy. […] Diagnosis of allergic contact dermatitis is clinical, based on obtaining a good history and physical examination. A positive nickel contact history with physical exam findings consistent with a nickel allergy dermatitis should allow for the formulation of the diagnosis.

• #66 Nickel Allergy – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557638/

  The key element of appropriate treatment and management of allergic contact dermatitis due to nickel allergy is the identification and removal of the source object. […] If the patient is determined to have a nickel allergy, management begins with avoidance of repeat exposure, as this is the most effective treatment option. […] The location of a rash and thorough history are the keys to makings a diagnosis of nickel allergy. […] A team approach involving providers, nurses, and laboratory technicians to identify nickel allergy and make appropriate referrals will result in the best outcomes.

• #67 Nickel Allergy – MD Searchlight

  https://mdsearchlight.com/allergy/nickel-allergy/

  Treating a nickel allergy, which can cause a skin condition known as allergic contact dermatitis, begins with figuring out whats causing the reaction and then keeping away from that item. […] If these self-care measures do not bring desired relief, medication might be required. […] Diagnosing a nickel allergy often requires multiple doctor’s visits. […] The types of tests that may be needed for a nickel allergy include: – Patch testing: Small amounts of different substances are applied to the skin to identify the specific allergen causing the reaction. […] The doctor needs to rule out the following conditions when diagnosing Nickel Allergy: – Severe allergic reactions and anaphylaxis […] The side effects when treating Nickel Allergy include damaged and raw skin, risk of skin infections, development of cellulitis, complications in treatment plans, and limited immune response due to topical corticosteroid use. […] Treating a nickel allergy involves identifying the source of the reaction and avoiding contact with it.

Zobacz więcej