Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Neonatal Jaundice – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532930/

  When neonatal jaundice is clinically identified, the underlying etiology of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia must be determined. Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia is diagnosed by assessing bilirubin levels with a transcutaneous measurement device or blood samples for total serum bilirubin. Conjugated hyperbilirubinemia is typically diagnosed through laboratory studies, including serum aminotransferase, prothrombin time, urine cultures, tests for inborn errors of metabolism, and, in some cases, imaging studies. Phototherapy and exchange transfusions are the mainstays of treatment of unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia, and a subset of patients also respond to intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). Treatment of conjugated hyperbilirubinemia is more complex and depends on the etiology of the jaundice. […] Approximately 60% of term and 80% of preterm newborns develop clinical jaundice in the first week after birth. Neonatal jaundice is usually a mild, transient, and self-limiting condition known as physiologic jaundice. However, this should be distinguished from the more severe pathologic jaundice. The two types of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia are unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia (UHB) and conjugated hyperbilirubinemia (CHB).

• #2 Jaundice in Newborn Babies: Causes, Treatment and More

  https://www.whattoexpect.com/baby-health-and-safety/newborn-jaundice.aspx

  Jaundice is a common, short-term condition in newborns that turns a baby’s skin and the whites of the eyes yellow. Jaundice occurs in about 60 percent of all babies born full-term and about 80 percent of babies born prematurely when a chemical called bilirubin builds up in the baby’s blood. […] Most cases show up two to three days after birth and are caught by these in-hospital screens, while others can appear later. Jaundice usually goes away on its own (or sometimes with mild treatment) with no ill effects. It usually lasts a week to 10 days, sometimes longer for premature babies. […] Some symptoms of newborn jaundice are: Yellowing of the skin and eyes, Pale-colored stool, Dark (tea- or cola-colored) urine. […] Jaundice often appears on the face first and then spreads to the rest of the baby’s body, including the chest, tummy, arms, legs and whites of the eyes.

• #3 Infant jaundice – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/infant-jaundice/symptoms-causes/syc-20373865

  Infant jaundice is yellow discoloration of a newborn baby’s skin and eyes. Infant jaundice occurs because the baby’s blood contains an excess of bilirubin (bil-ih-ROO-bin), a yellow pigment of red blood cells. […] Yellowing of the skin and the whites of the eyes the main sign of infant jaundice usually appears between the second and fourth day after birth. […] Your baby should be examined for jaundice between the third and seventh day after birth, when bilirubin levels usually peak. If your baby is discharged earlier than 72 hours after birth, make a follow-up appointment to look for jaundice within two days of discharge. […] The following signs or symptoms may indicate severe jaundice or complications from excess bilirubin. Call your doctor if: Your baby’s skin becomes more yellow. The skin on your baby’s the abdomen, arms or legs looks yellow. The whites of your baby’s eyes look yellow. Your baby seems listless or sick or is difficult to awaken. Your baby isn’t gaining weight or is feeding poorly. Your baby makes high-pitched cries. Your baby develops any other signs or symptoms that concern you.

• #4 Infant jaundice – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/infant-jaundice/symptoms-causes/syc-20373865

  Infant jaundice is yellow discoloration of a newborn baby’s skin and eyes. Infant jaundice occurs because the baby’s blood contains an excess of bilirubin (bil-ih-ROO-bin), a yellow pigment of red blood cells. […] Yellowing of the skin and the whites of the eyes the main sign of infant jaundice usually appears between the second and fourth day after birth. […] Your baby should be examined for jaundice between the third and seventh day after birth, when bilirubin levels usually peak. If your baby is discharged earlier than 72 hours after birth, make a follow-up appointment to look for jaundice within two days of discharge. […] The following signs or symptoms may indicate severe jaundice or complications from excess bilirubin. Call your doctor if: Your baby’s skin becomes more yellow. The skin on your baby’s the abdomen, arms or legs looks yellow. The whites of your baby’s eyes look yellow. Your baby seems listless or sick or is difficult to awaken. Your baby isn’t gaining weight or is feeding poorly. Your baby makes high-pitched cries. Your baby develops any other signs or symptoms that concern you.

• #5

  https://www.healthychildren.org/English/ages-stages/baby/Pages/jaundice.aspx

  Jaundice is the yellow color seen in the skin of many newborns. It happens when a chemical called bilirubin builds up in the baby’s blood. […] The skin of a baby with jaundice usually appears yellow. The best way to see jaundice is in white light, such as daylight or under fluorescent lights. […] Jaundice usually appears first in the face and then moves to the chest, abdomen, arms and legs as the bilirubin level increases. The whites of the eyes may also be yellow. […] Most babies have mild jaundice that is harmless. But in rare cases, the bilirubin level can get very high and might cause brain damage. […] Jaundice is more common in babies who are breastfed than babies who are formula-fed. […] Any baby that has jaundice in the first 24 hours after birth should have the bilirubin level measured right away.

• #6

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/jaundice-newborn/symptoms/

  If your baby has jaundice, their skin will look slightly yellow. […] Changes in skin colour can be more difficult to see if your baby has brown or black skin. […] Yellowing may be more obvious elsewhere, such as: in the whites of their eyes, inside their mouth, on the soles of their feet, on the palms of their hands. […] The yellowing of the skin is usually more noticeable on the head and face. […] The yellowing may also increase if you press an area of skin down with your finger. […] A newborn baby with jaundice may also: be sleepy, not want to feed or not feed as well as usual, have dark yellow pee (it should be colourless), have pale poo (it should be yellow or orange). […] Jaundice usually appears about 2 days after birth and disappears by the time the baby is 2 weeks old. […] In premature babies, who are more prone to jaundice, it can take 5 to 7 days to appear and usually lasts about 3 weeks. […] It also tends to last longer in babies who only have breast milk, affecting some babies for a few months.

• #7 Patient education: Jaundice in newborn infants (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/jaundice-in-newborn-infants-beyond-the-basics

  Approximately 80 percent of babies have visible jaundice, which usually resolves by seven days of age. Only 10 to 15 percent of babies develop bilirubin levels that require treatment. Only 2 percent of babies or less are at risk for developing severe hyperbilirubinemia. […] Typical signs of jaundice — Jaundice is not painful. Initially, it causes the skin and mucous membranes (such as the gums and lining of the eyes) to become yellow. As it progresses, the palms of the hands and soles of the feet, as well as the whites of the eyes, may look yellow or show deeper shades of yellow coloring. […] When jaundice is visible, it: Is often noticeable first on the face; then on the chest, stomach, and groin areas; then farther along the arms, legs, wrists, and ankles; and then finally on the palms, soles of the feet, and nailbeds.

• #8

  https://www.healthychildren.org/English/ages-stages/baby/Pages/jaundice.aspx

  Jaundice is the yellow color seen in the skin of many newborns. It happens when a chemical called bilirubin builds up in the baby’s blood. […] The skin of a baby with jaundice usually appears yellow. The best way to see jaundice is in white light, such as daylight or under fluorescent lights. […] Jaundice usually appears first in the face and then moves to the chest, abdomen, arms and legs as the bilirubin level increases. The whites of the eyes may also be yellow. […] Most babies have mild jaundice that is harmless. But in rare cases, the bilirubin level can get very high and might cause brain damage. […] Jaundice is more common in babies who are breastfed than babies who are formula-fed. […] Any baby that has jaundice in the first 24 hours after birth should have the bilirubin level measured right away.

• #9 Jaundice In Babies | KidsHealth New Zealand’s Trusted Voice On Children’s Health

  https://www.kidshealth.org.nz/jaundice

  Mild jaundice is common in ppi (babies), but baby jaundice is not always normal. If your baby has yellow skin or eyes and pale poo or dark (yellow or brown) wee, your baby needs a special blood test. See a health professional or midwife as soon as possible. […] Jaundice means yellow colouring of the skin and the whites of the eyes. […] Mild jaundice is common in newborn ppi – it starts on the second or third day and settles over 7 to 10 days. […] Jaundice that appears in the first 24 hours after birth is not normal – it needs checking by a health professional straight away. […] Jaundice at any age with pale poos and dark wee needs checking with a blood test. […] Jaundice still there after 2 weeks of age needs checking by a health professional. […] As the bilirubin level gets higher, your baby will become more obviously yellow over the whole body.

• #10

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/jaundice-newborn/symptoms/

  If your baby has jaundice, their skin will look slightly yellow. […] Changes in skin colour can be more difficult to see if your baby has brown or black skin. […] Yellowing may be more obvious elsewhere, such as: in the whites of their eyes, inside their mouth, on the soles of their feet, on the palms of their hands. […] The yellowing of the skin is usually more noticeable on the head and face. […] The yellowing may also increase if you press an area of skin down with your finger. […] A newborn baby with jaundice may also: be sleepy, not want to feed or not feed as well as usual, have dark yellow pee (it should be colourless), have pale poo (it should be yellow or orange). […] Jaundice usually appears about 2 days after birth and disappears by the time the baby is 2 weeks old. […] In premature babies, who are more prone to jaundice, it can take 5 to 7 days to appear and usually lasts about 3 weeks. […] It also tends to last longer in babies who only have breast milk, affecting some babies for a few months.

• #11 Jaundice in Newborns: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22263-jaundice-in-newborns

  Jaundice is the yellow color seen on the skin of many newborn babies. Jaundice is caused by a buildup of a bilirubin in your babys blood. It happens because their livers arent developed enough to get rid of the bilirubin. Jaundice is very common and usually goes away on its own. Sometimes babies need treatment with phototherapy. […] Jaundice in infants is common. Its usually not serious and goes away within a couple of weeks. But its important for your babys healthcare provider to check them for jaundice. Severe jaundice can lead to brain damage if it goes untreated. […] The main sign of jaundice is the yellowing of your babys skin. You can see it best in natural lighting, such as in front of a window. It usually appears in your babys face first. The whites of your babys eyes and under their tongue may look yellow. As the level of bilirubin increases, the yellowing may move to your babys chest, belly (abdomen), arms and legs. Jaundice may be difficult to see if your baby has darker skin. But you should still be able to tell if your baby has jaundice by the color of their eyes and under their tongue.

• #12 Newborn Jaundice Assessment | Stanford Medicine 25 | Stanford Medicine

  https://stanfordmedicine25.stanford.edu/the25/newborn-jaundice.html

  Jaundice in newborns is characterized by a yellowing of the skin and eyes due to high levels of bilirubin in the blood. […] Jaundice typically follows a cephalocaudal progression, meaning it starts from the head and progresses downward. Monitoring this progression is crucial for understanding the severity of the condition. […] Severe jaundice can lead to complications, so if yellowing is observed in the distal limbs (hands and feet) or the whites of the eyes, it is crucial to seek medical advice promptly. […] In most cases, newborn jaundice is a benign condition that resolves within a week. However, continuous monitoring is essential.

• #13 Jaundiced Newborn

  https://www.seattlechildrens.org/conditions/a-z/jaundiced-newborn/

  Jaundice (yellow skin) in a baby during the first 3 months of life (90 days) […] The skin turns a yellow color from high bilirubin levels in the blood. […] Half of babies have some jaundice. Usually it is mild. […] Physiological jaundice peaks on day 4 or 5. […] It slowly goes away over 1-2 weeks. […] Jaundice began during the first 24 hours of life. […] Skin looks deep yellow or orange. […] Jaundice has reached the legs. […] Jaundice worse than when last seen. […] Jaundice that is only of the face is always harmless. […] Jaundice starts on the face and moves downward. […] Jaundice that only involves the face is harmless. As it involves the chest, the level is going up. If it involves the eyes, stomach, arms or legs, the bilirubin level needs to be checked. […] Jaundice gets worse. […] Whites of the eyes turn yellow. […] Belly or legs turn yellow. […] Jaundice lasts more than 14 days.

• #14 Jaundiced Newborn

  https://www.seattlechildrens.org/conditions/a-z/jaundiced-newborn/

  Jaundice (yellow skin) in a baby during the first 3 months of life (90 days) […] The skin turns a yellow color from high bilirubin levels in the blood. […] Half of babies have some jaundice. Usually it is mild. […] Physiological jaundice peaks on day 4 or 5. […] It slowly goes away over 1-2 weeks. […] Jaundice began during the first 24 hours of life. […] Skin looks deep yellow or orange. […] Jaundice has reached the legs. […] Jaundice worse than when last seen. […] Jaundice that is only of the face is always harmless. […] Jaundice starts on the face and moves downward. […] Jaundice that only involves the face is harmless. As it involves the chest, the level is going up. If it involves the eyes, stomach, arms or legs, the bilirubin level needs to be checked. […] Jaundice gets worse. […] Whites of the eyes turn yellow. […] Belly or legs turn yellow. […] Jaundice lasts more than 14 days.

• #15 Patient education: Jaundice in newborn infants (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/jaundice-in-newborn-infants-beyond-the-basics

  Signs of worsening jaundice — Call your baby’s doctor if your baby has jaundice and any of the following occurs: The yellow color is visible at the elbows and knees or lower (towards the hands and feet), is becoming a deeper shade of yellow in appearance (color changing from a lemon yellow to an orange-yellow or yellow-brown), or if the whites of the eyes or eyelids appear yellow. […] Your baby has a fever of 100.4°F (38°C) or higher. […] Your baby has any difficulty breastfeeding or sucking and swallowing. […] Your baby is more sleepy than usual. […] Your baby is hard to wake up or keep awake to eat. […] Your baby is irritable and is difficult to console. […] Your baby has a high-pitched or shrill-sounding cry. […] Your baby starts to arch their neck or body backwards. […] Your baby seems to be working harder than normal to breathe.

• #16 Patient education: Jaundice in newborn infants (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/jaundice-in-newborn-infants-beyond-the-basics

  Approximately 80 percent of babies have visible jaundice, which usually resolves by seven days of age. Only 10 to 15 percent of babies develop bilirubin levels that require treatment. Only 2 percent of babies or less are at risk for developing severe hyperbilirubinemia. […] Typical signs of jaundice — Jaundice is not painful. Initially, it causes the skin and mucous membranes (such as the gums and lining of the eyes) to become yellow. As it progresses, the palms of the hands and soles of the feet, as well as the whites of the eyes, may look yellow or show deeper shades of yellow coloring. […] When jaundice is visible, it: Is often noticeable first on the face; then on the chest, stomach, and groin areas; then farther along the arms, legs, wrists, and ankles; and then finally on the palms, soles of the feet, and nailbeds.

• #17 Symptoms of neonatal jaundice | Ada

  https://ada.com/conditions/neonatal-jaundice/

  The main symptom of neonatal jaundice is a yellowing of the skin and other parts of the body. As the condition progresses, the whites of the eyes may take on a yellow tinge. […] Symptoms will typically begin in the region of the face and gradually progress down the body to the legs. This progression may be unidentifiable in some cases, with the discoloration appearing to occur across the whole body all at once. […] Signs that neonatal jaundice is worsening include: Yellow skin below the knee, Yellow skin becoming more intense in colour, Difficulty feeding the baby, Difficulty waking the baby, Irritability, The baby arching his/her neck or body backwards. […] If any of these signs occur, immediate medical attention should be sought. […] Jaundice in infants is classified as prolonged jaundice if symptoms persist for 14 days or longer after birth; this can be 21 days in premature babies.

• #18 Jaundice in Children: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment | Nationwide Children’s Hospital

  https://www.nationwidechildrens.org/conditions/jaundice-in-children

  For reasons not completely understood yet, breast milk itself can sometimes cause jaundice. […] Jaundice can also be a sign of a more serious infection, such as herpes simplex or sepsis. […] Yellowish skin and eyes: Press gently on baby’s forehead with one finger. If the pressed area looks yellow, your baby may have jaundice. […] Dark urine: Normal infant urine is light yellow or colorless. […] Pale stool: Normal stool is yellowish-green in bottle-fed babies. […] Physiologic jaundice (jaundice not caused by disease) often goes away without treatment within two weeks. […] Some babies need a treatment called phototherapy. […] If phototherapy does not bring down bilirubin levels low enough or fast enough, a baby with severe jaundice may need a blood exchange transfusion. […] If jaundice is prolonged (lasting longer than 2 weeks), severe (with very high bilirubin levels), or pathologic (caused by a disease), prompt attention, testing, and possibly treatment are important to prevent complications.

• #19

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/jaundice-newborn/symptoms/

  If your baby has jaundice, their skin will look slightly yellow. […] Changes in skin colour can be more difficult to see if your baby has brown or black skin. […] Yellowing may be more obvious elsewhere, such as: in the whites of their eyes, inside their mouth, on the soles of their feet, on the palms of their hands. […] The yellowing of the skin is usually more noticeable on the head and face. […] The yellowing may also increase if you press an area of skin down with your finger. […] A newborn baby with jaundice may also: be sleepy, not want to feed or not feed as well as usual, have dark yellow pee (it should be colourless), have pale poo (it should be yellow or orange). […] Jaundice usually appears about 2 days after birth and disappears by the time the baby is 2 weeks old. […] In premature babies, who are more prone to jaundice, it can take 5 to 7 days to appear and usually lasts about 3 weeks. […] It also tends to last longer in babies who only have breast milk, affecting some babies for a few months.

• #20

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/jaundice-newborn/symptoms/

  If your baby has jaundice, their skin will look slightly yellow. […] Changes in skin colour can be more difficult to see if your baby has brown or black skin. […] Yellowing may be more obvious elsewhere, such as: in the whites of their eyes, inside their mouth, on the soles of their feet, on the palms of their hands. […] The yellowing of the skin is usually more noticeable on the head and face. […] The yellowing may also increase if you press an area of skin down with your finger. […] A newborn baby with jaundice may also: be sleepy, not want to feed or not feed as well as usual, have dark yellow pee (it should be colourless), have pale poo (it should be yellow or orange). […] Jaundice usually appears about 2 days after birth and disappears by the time the baby is 2 weeks old. […] In premature babies, who are more prone to jaundice, it can take 5 to 7 days to appear and usually lasts about 3 weeks. […] It also tends to last longer in babies who only have breast milk, affecting some babies for a few months.

• #21

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/jaundice-newborn/

  Jaundice in newborn babies is common and usually harmless. It causes yellowing of the skin and the whites of the eyes. The medical term for jaundice in babies is neonatal jaundice. […] Other symptoms of newborn jaundice can include: dark, yellow urine (a newborn baby’s urine should be colourless) and pale-coloured poo (it should be yellow or orange). […] The symptoms of newborn jaundice usually develop 2 days after the birth and tend to get better without treatment by the time the baby is about 2 weeks old. […] If you’re monitoring your baby’s jaundice at home, it’s also important to contact your midwife straight away if your baby’s symptoms quickly get worse or they become very reluctant to feed. […] Treatment for newborn jaundice is not usually needed because the symptoms normally pass within 10 to 14 days, although they can occasionally last longer. […] If a baby with very high levels of bilirubin is not treated, there’s a risk they could develop permanent brain damage. This is known as kernicterus.

• #22

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/jaundice-newborn/symptoms/

  If your baby has jaundice, their skin will look slightly yellow. […] Changes in skin colour can be more difficult to see if your baby has brown or black skin. […] Yellowing may be more obvious elsewhere, such as: in the whites of their eyes, inside their mouth, on the soles of their feet, on the palms of their hands. […] The yellowing of the skin is usually more noticeable on the head and face. […] The yellowing may also increase if you press an area of skin down with your finger. […] A newborn baby with jaundice may also: be sleepy, not want to feed or not feed as well as usual, have dark yellow pee (it should be colourless), have pale poo (it should be yellow or orange). […] Jaundice usually appears about 2 days after birth and disappears by the time the baby is 2 weeks old. […] In premature babies, who are more prone to jaundice, it can take 5 to 7 days to appear and usually lasts about 3 weeks. […] It also tends to last longer in babies who only have breast milk, affecting some babies for a few months.

• #23 Jaundice in newborns | Raising Children Network

  https://raisingchildren.net.au/newborns/health-daily-care/health-concerns/jaundice-in-newborns

  Jaundice in newborns happens when theres an overload of bilirubin in a babys blood. This can make the babys skin and the whites of their eyes go yellow. […] Newborn jaundice causes your babys skin and the whites of their eyes to go a yellow colour. The jaundice typically starts on the face and head. If the level of bilirubin increases, the colour spreads to the body. Your baby might also be drowsy and have feeding difficulties. […] Babies with biliary atresia also have pale-looking poo and darker urine.

• #24 Infant Jaundice – Symptoms – Causes | familydoctor.org

  https://familydoctor.org/condition/infant-jaundice/

  Infant jaundice usually appears between 2 and 7 days after birth. As the amount of bilirubin in the blood builds up, your baby’s body will get more yellow. As the bilirubin level rises, the yellow color can move from your baby’s head down to the chest and even down to the toes. These are signs that your baby may have more severe jaundice. If this happens, you should call your baby’s doctor right away. […] Most of the time, treatment for jaundice isn’t needed. Mild jaundice usually goes away on its own in 1 to 2 weeks. […] For more serious cases of jaundice, your baby might need treatment at the hospital. Most babies who need treatment for jaundice get light therapy (also called phototherapy). […] How long jaundice lasts differs from baby to baby. Often, a baby’s bilirubin level goes up for the first 3 to 4 days and then slowly goes back down. A baby who is breastfed may have mild jaundice for a longer time than a baby who is fed formula.

• #25 Jaundice in newborns | Caring for kids

  https://caringforkids.cps.ca/handouts/pregnancy-and-babies/jaundice_in_newborns

  Jaundice is a condition where a newborn baby’s skin turns yellow because a high amount of bilirubin is produced or because the liver can’t get rid of it quickly enough. […] Jaundice is very common in newborn babies. It makes a baby’s skin and the whites of the eyes turn a yellow colour. You may notice it between 1 and 4 days after your baby is born. It will first appear on your baby’s face and chest. […] Babies who have higher levels of bilirubin (severe jaundice) may seem very tired and cranky, and feed poorly because they are too hard to wake up. […] If the level of bilirubin becomes very high, it can affect some of your baby’s brain cells. In rare cases, severe jaundice can cause seizures or lead to deafness, cerebral palsy, or serious developmental delay. […] Most of the time, jaundice goes away on its own.

• #26 Jaundice in newborns: Causes and treatment – Children’s Health

  https://www.childrens.com/health-wellness/jaundice-in-newborns-causes-and-treatments

  As many as half of all newborns experience jaundice, a yellowish discoloration of the skin and eyes, during their first weeks of life and in most cases, the condition can be easily managed. […] Symptoms of jaundice in newborns may include: Yellowing of the skin or eyes, Increased irritability, Sluggishness, Poor sucking during breastfeeding, A high-pitched cry. […] If your baby has these symptoms, call your pediatrician’s office. They can schedule an appointment to check your child’s blood for bilirubin. […] While severe cases and causes are rare, it’s important that jaundice is monitored and that its cause is pinpointed.

• #27 Infant jaundice – Diagnosis & treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/infant-jaundice/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20373870

  Your doctor will likely diagnose infant jaundice on the basis of your baby’s appearance. However, it’s still necessary to measure the level of bilirubin in your baby’s blood. The level of bilirubin (severity of jaundice) will determine the course of treatment. […] Mild infant jaundice often disappears on its own within two or three weeks. For moderate or severe jaundice, your baby may need to stay longer in the newborn nursery or be readmitted to the hospital. […] When infant jaundice isn’t severe, your doctor may recommend changes in feeding habits that can lower levels of bilirubin. […] Bilirubin levels in the blood tend to peak when your baby is between three and seven days old. So it’s important for your doctor to examine your baby for jaundice during that time. […] If risk factors for severe jaundice are present, your doctor may recommend a follow-up visit a day or two after the baby leaves the hospital.

• #28 Jaundiced Newborn

  https://www.seattlechildrens.org/conditions/a-z/jaundiced-newborn/

  Jaundice (yellow skin) in a baby during the first 3 months of life (90 days) […] The skin turns a yellow color from high bilirubin levels in the blood. […] Half of babies have some jaundice. Usually it is mild. […] Physiological jaundice peaks on day 4 or 5. […] It slowly goes away over 1-2 weeks. […] Jaundice began during the first 24 hours of life. […] Skin looks deep yellow or orange. […] Jaundice has reached the legs. […] Jaundice worse than when last seen. […] Jaundice that is only of the face is always harmless. […] Jaundice starts on the face and moves downward. […] Jaundice that only involves the face is harmless. As it involves the chest, the level is going up. If it involves the eyes, stomach, arms or legs, the bilirubin level needs to be checked. […] Jaundice gets worse. […] Whites of the eyes turn yellow. […] Belly or legs turn yellow. […] Jaundice lasts more than 14 days.

• #29 Jaundice in Newborns: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22263-jaundice-in-newborns

  Jaundice in newborns is normal. It usually develops by their second or third day of life. In formula-fed babies, jaundice typically goes away on its own within two weeks. In breastfed babies, jaundice can last a month or longer. […] Jaundice in newborns is common. For most babies, jaundice will get better without treatment within one to two weeks. But its important to have your babys bilirubin level checked. A high bilirubin level can lead to serious health conditions if its not treated immediately. These conditions include cerebral palsy, deafness and kernicterus, a type of brain damage.

• #30

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/jaundice-newborn/symptoms/

  If your baby has jaundice, their skin will look slightly yellow. […] Changes in skin colour can be more difficult to see if your baby has brown or black skin. […] Yellowing may be more obvious elsewhere, such as: in the whites of their eyes, inside their mouth, on the soles of their feet, on the palms of their hands. […] The yellowing of the skin is usually more noticeable on the head and face. […] The yellowing may also increase if you press an area of skin down with your finger. […] A newborn baby with jaundice may also: be sleepy, not want to feed or not feed as well as usual, have dark yellow pee (it should be colourless), have pale poo (it should be yellow or orange). […] Jaundice usually appears about 2 days after birth and disappears by the time the baby is 2 weeks old. […] In premature babies, who are more prone to jaundice, it can take 5 to 7 days to appear and usually lasts about 3 weeks. […] It also tends to last longer in babies who only have breast milk, affecting some babies for a few months.

• #31 Jaundice in newborns | Caring for kids

  https://caringforkids.cps.ca/handouts/pregnancy-and-babies/jaundice_in_newborns

  Sometimes, babies will need help to get their bilirubin levels down. One way to do this is with phototherapy, where your baby’s skin is exposed to a special blue light. […] Jaundice can be more serious for babies: born before 37 weeks, who weigh less than 2500 grams (5.5 lbs.) at birth, whose blood group is incompatible with their mothers blood group, who develop jaundice early in life, especially during the first 24 hours, whose jaundice has moved to the arms and legs, who have a lot of bruising or swelling under the scalp (called caput) after birth, whose siblings had jaundice at birth and needed treatment with an exchange transfusion (baby’s blood is removed and replaced). […] Call your doctor if your baby shows any of the following symptoms: refuses breastfeeding or bottle feeding, is very sleepy all the time, has lost a lot of weight (more than 10% of their weight at birth), is extremely jaundiced (arms and legs are a yellow or orange colour), or jaundice that seems to be getting worse.

• #32 Jaundice in newborns | Caring for kids

  https://caringforkids.cps.ca/handouts/pregnancy-and-babies/jaundice_in_newborns

  Sometimes, babies will need help to get their bilirubin levels down. One way to do this is with phototherapy, where your baby’s skin is exposed to a special blue light. […] Jaundice can be more serious for babies: born before 37 weeks, who weigh less than 2500 grams (5.5 lbs.) at birth, whose blood group is incompatible with their mothers blood group, who develop jaundice early in life, especially during the first 24 hours, whose jaundice has moved to the arms and legs, who have a lot of bruising or swelling under the scalp (called caput) after birth, whose siblings had jaundice at birth and needed treatment with an exchange transfusion (baby’s blood is removed and replaced). […] Call your doctor if your baby shows any of the following symptoms: refuses breastfeeding or bottle feeding, is very sleepy all the time, has lost a lot of weight (more than 10% of their weight at birth), is extremely jaundiced (arms and legs are a yellow or orange colour), or jaundice that seems to be getting worse.

• #33 Jaundice in newborns | Caring for kids

  https://caringforkids.cps.ca/handouts/pregnancy-and-babies/jaundice_in_newborns

  Sometimes, babies will need help to get their bilirubin levels down. One way to do this is with phototherapy, where your baby’s skin is exposed to a special blue light. […] Jaundice can be more serious for babies: born before 37 weeks, who weigh less than 2500 grams (5.5 lbs.) at birth, whose blood group is incompatible with their mothers blood group, who develop jaundice early in life, especially during the first 24 hours, whose jaundice has moved to the arms and legs, who have a lot of bruising or swelling under the scalp (called caput) after birth, whose siblings had jaundice at birth and needed treatment with an exchange transfusion (baby’s blood is removed and replaced). […] Call your doctor if your baby shows any of the following symptoms: refuses breastfeeding or bottle feeding, is very sleepy all the time, has lost a lot of weight (more than 10% of their weight at birth), is extremely jaundiced (arms and legs are a yellow or orange colour), or jaundice that seems to be getting worse.

• #34 Jaundice in newborns | Caring for kids

  https://caringforkids.cps.ca/handouts/pregnancy-and-babies/jaundice_in_newborns

  Sometimes, babies will need help to get their bilirubin levels down. One way to do this is with phototherapy, where your baby’s skin is exposed to a special blue light. […] Jaundice can be more serious for babies: born before 37 weeks, who weigh less than 2500 grams (5.5 lbs.) at birth, whose blood group is incompatible with their mothers blood group, who develop jaundice early in life, especially during the first 24 hours, whose jaundice has moved to the arms and legs, who have a lot of bruising or swelling under the scalp (called caput) after birth, whose siblings had jaundice at birth and needed treatment with an exchange transfusion (baby’s blood is removed and replaced). […] Call your doctor if your baby shows any of the following symptoms: refuses breastfeeding or bottle feeding, is very sleepy all the time, has lost a lot of weight (more than 10% of their weight at birth), is extremely jaundiced (arms and legs are a yellow or orange colour), or jaundice that seems to be getting worse.

• #35 Jaundice in newborns | Caring for kids

  https://caringforkids.cps.ca/handouts/pregnancy-and-babies/jaundice_in_newborns

  Sometimes, babies will need help to get their bilirubin levels down. One way to do this is with phototherapy, where your baby’s skin is exposed to a special blue light. […] Jaundice can be more serious for babies: born before 37 weeks, who weigh less than 2500 grams (5.5 lbs.) at birth, whose blood group is incompatible with their mothers blood group, who develop jaundice early in life, especially during the first 24 hours, whose jaundice has moved to the arms and legs, who have a lot of bruising or swelling under the scalp (called caput) after birth, whose siblings had jaundice at birth and needed treatment with an exchange transfusion (baby’s blood is removed and replaced). […] Call your doctor if your baby shows any of the following symptoms: refuses breastfeeding or bottle feeding, is very sleepy all the time, has lost a lot of weight (more than 10% of their weight at birth), is extremely jaundiced (arms and legs are a yellow or orange colour), or jaundice that seems to be getting worse.

• #36 Jaundice in newborns | Caring for kids

  https://caringforkids.cps.ca/handouts/pregnancy-and-babies/jaundice_in_newborns

  Sometimes, babies will need help to get their bilirubin levels down. One way to do this is with phototherapy, where your baby’s skin is exposed to a special blue light. […] Jaundice can be more serious for babies: born before 37 weeks, who weigh less than 2500 grams (5.5 lbs.) at birth, whose blood group is incompatible with their mothers blood group, who develop jaundice early in life, especially during the first 24 hours, whose jaundice has moved to the arms and legs, who have a lot of bruising or swelling under the scalp (called caput) after birth, whose siblings had jaundice at birth and needed treatment with an exchange transfusion (baby’s blood is removed and replaced). […] Call your doctor if your baby shows any of the following symptoms: refuses breastfeeding or bottle feeding, is very sleepy all the time, has lost a lot of weight (more than 10% of their weight at birth), is extremely jaundiced (arms and legs are a yellow or orange colour), or jaundice that seems to be getting worse.

• #37 Infant jaundice – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/infant-jaundice/symptoms-causes/syc-20373865

  Infant jaundice is yellow discoloration of a newborn baby’s skin and eyes. Infant jaundice occurs because the baby’s blood contains an excess of bilirubin (bil-ih-ROO-bin), a yellow pigment of red blood cells. […] Yellowing of the skin and the whites of the eyes the main sign of infant jaundice usually appears between the second and fourth day after birth. […] Your baby should be examined for jaundice between the third and seventh day after birth, when bilirubin levels usually peak. If your baby is discharged earlier than 72 hours after birth, make a follow-up appointment to look for jaundice within two days of discharge. […] The following signs or symptoms may indicate severe jaundice or complications from excess bilirubin. Call your doctor if: Your baby’s skin becomes more yellow. The skin on your baby’s the abdomen, arms or legs looks yellow. The whites of your baby’s eyes look yellow. Your baby seems listless or sick or is difficult to awaken. Your baby isn’t gaining weight or is feeding poorly. Your baby makes high-pitched cries. Your baby develops any other signs or symptoms that concern you.

• #38 When to Worry About Jaundice Symptoms in Newborn Babies

  https://www.mountelizabeth.com.sg/health-plus/article/jaundice-babies

  Early signs of newborn jaundice include: a yellowish tinge in the skin and whites of the eyes, usually starting in the face and spreading downwards across the body. […] Symptoms of severe jaundice, which may indicate an underlying medical condition, include: signs of jaundice that spread or become more intense, deepening of the yellow colouring, fever of over 38 degrees Celsius, poor appetite, listlessness or lethargy, high-pitched crying. […] Severe jaundice also heightens the risk of bilirubin passing into the brain, which may lead to permanent brain damage. […] Most cases of jaundice usually resolve on their own. However, if the jaundice-causing bilirubin levels spike within 24 hours of birth, or stay high after a week, other health problems have to be considered. […] In the meantime, seek immediate medical attention if you notice the following symptoms: Your baby’s skin is getting more yellow after 3 days, Your baby’s chest or abdomen is yellow, Your baby is sluggish and doesn’t nurse or feed well, Your baby’s bowel movement is pale, Your baby is cranky, Your baby arches his or her back, Your baby’s cry takes on a high pitch, The jaundice has not gone away after 2 weeks from birth.

• #39 Patient education: Jaundice in newborn infants (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/jaundice-in-newborn-infants-beyond-the-basics

  Signs of worsening jaundice — Call your baby’s doctor if your baby has jaundice and any of the following occurs: The yellow color is visible at the elbows and knees or lower (towards the hands and feet), is becoming a deeper shade of yellow in appearance (color changing from a lemon yellow to an orange-yellow or yellow-brown), or if the whites of the eyes or eyelids appear yellow. […] Your baby has a fever of 100.4°F (38°C) or higher. […] Your baby has any difficulty breastfeeding or sucking and swallowing. […] Your baby is more sleepy than usual. […] Your baby is hard to wake up or keep awake to eat. […] Your baby is irritable and is difficult to console. […] Your baby has a high-pitched or shrill-sounding cry. […] Your baby starts to arch their neck or body backwards. […] Your baby seems to be working harder than normal to breathe.

• #40 Patient education: Jaundice in newborn infants (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/jaundice-in-newborn-infants-beyond-the-basics

  Signs of worsening jaundice — Call your baby’s doctor if your baby has jaundice and any of the following occurs: The yellow color is visible at the elbows and knees or lower (towards the hands and feet), is becoming a deeper shade of yellow in appearance (color changing from a lemon yellow to an orange-yellow or yellow-brown), or if the whites of the eyes or eyelids appear yellow. […] Your baby has a fever of 100.4°F (38°C) or higher. […] Your baby has any difficulty breastfeeding or sucking and swallowing. […] Your baby is more sleepy than usual. […] Your baby is hard to wake up or keep awake to eat. […] Your baby is irritable and is difficult to console. […] Your baby has a high-pitched or shrill-sounding cry. […] Your baby starts to arch their neck or body backwards. […] Your baby seems to be working harder than normal to breathe.

• #41 Newborn jaundice | March of Dimes

  https://www.marchofdimes.org/find-support/topics/planning-baby/newborn-jaundice

  When a baby has jaundice, a yellowish color usually first appears on the face. It then may spread to the chest, belly, arms, legs and white parts of the eyes. […] Call your baby’s health care provider right away if your baby: Looks very yellow, orange or greenish-yellow; The white area in the eyes looks yellow; Is hard to wake up or won’t sleep at all; Has trouble breastfeeding or sucking from a bottle; Is very fussy; Has too few wet or dirty diapers. […] These may be warning signs of dangerously high levels of bilirubin that need quick treatment to prevent a kind of brain damage caused by high bilirubin levels (acute or chronic bilirubin encephalopathy (CBE)). […] Most babies with jaundice don’t need treatment. […] Jaundice usually clears up within 2 weeks in formula-fed babies. It may last for more than 2 to 3 weeks in breastfed babies.

• #42 Patient education: Jaundice in newborn infants (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/jaundice-in-newborn-infants-beyond-the-basics

  Signs of worsening jaundice — Call your baby’s doctor if your baby has jaundice and any of the following occurs: The yellow color is visible at the elbows and knees or lower (towards the hands and feet), is becoming a deeper shade of yellow in appearance (color changing from a lemon yellow to an orange-yellow or yellow-brown), or if the whites of the eyes or eyelids appear yellow. […] Your baby has a fever of 100.4°F (38°C) or higher. […] Your baby has any difficulty breastfeeding or sucking and swallowing. […] Your baby is more sleepy than usual. […] Your baby is hard to wake up or keep awake to eat. […] Your baby is irritable and is difficult to console. […] Your baby has a high-pitched or shrill-sounding cry. […] Your baby starts to arch their neck or body backwards. […] Your baby seems to be working harder than normal to breathe.

• #43 Infant jaundice – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/infant-jaundice/symptoms-causes/syc-20373865

  High levels of bilirubin that cause severe jaundice can result in serious complications if not treated. […] Signs of acute bilirubin encephalopathy in a baby with jaundice include: Listlessness, Difficulty waking, High-pitched crying, Poor sucking or feeding, Backward arching of the neck and body, Fever.

• #44 Patient education: Jaundice in newborn infants (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/jaundice-in-newborn-infants-beyond-the-basics

  Signs of worsening jaundice — Call your baby’s doctor if your baby has jaundice and any of the following occurs: The yellow color is visible at the elbows and knees or lower (towards the hands and feet), is becoming a deeper shade of yellow in appearance (color changing from a lemon yellow to an orange-yellow or yellow-brown), or if the whites of the eyes or eyelids appear yellow. […] Your baby has a fever of 100.4°F (38°C) or higher. […] Your baby has any difficulty breastfeeding or sucking and swallowing. […] Your baby is more sleepy than usual. […] Your baby is hard to wake up or keep awake to eat. […] Your baby is irritable and is difficult to console. […] Your baby has a high-pitched or shrill-sounding cry. […] Your baby starts to arch their neck or body backwards. […] Your baby seems to be working harder than normal to breathe.

• #45 Infant jaundice – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/infant-jaundice/symptoms-causes/syc-20373865

  High levels of bilirubin that cause severe jaundice can result in serious complications if not treated. […] Signs of acute bilirubin encephalopathy in a baby with jaundice include: Listlessness, Difficulty waking, High-pitched crying, Poor sucking or feeding, Backward arching of the neck and body, Fever.

• #46 Kernicterus: What It Is, Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/25014-kernicterus

  Sixty percent of infants experience yellowing of their skin and eyes during the first few weeks of life. […] Symptoms of kernicterus progress in stages. In addition to jaundice, symptoms usually affect newborns and include irritability, poor feeding and seizures. Complications can lead to hearing loss and permanent brain damage. […] The first sign of kernicterus is jaundice. If your baby has jaundice, the following parts of their body will have a yellow tone: Skin. The white part of their eyes. Mucous membranes in their mouth. […] In addition to jaundice, signs of kernicterus may include: Lack of energy (lethargy). Fever. Vomiting. Involuntary muscle movements. […] There are three stages of kernicterus, each with different symptoms. […] Late-stage kernicterus is very serious and life-threatening. If you notice your child has jaundice in addition to any other symptoms, contact their healthcare provider immediately.

• #47 Newborn Jaundice: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention

  https://www.healthline.com/health/newborn-jaundice

  Newborn jaundice is when a babys skin and eyes turn yellow from too much bilirubin. It usually resolves as their liver matures and they start feeding, but if it persists, there may be another cause. […] In most cases, jaundice (also called hyperbilirubinemia) in newborns will disappear within 2 to 3 weeks. […] The first sign of jaundice is the yellowing of a babys skin and eyes, which may start in the face before spreading across the body. With physiological jaundice, the yellowing may begin and peak within 2 to 5 days after birth. With other causes, it may begin closer to birth. […] If untreated, severe newborn jaundiced can lead to acute bilirubin encephalopathy, which is caused by the toxic levels of bilirubin in the brain. […] A baby may get a fever, act listless and lethargic, have a shrill cry, refuse to feed, and curve their neck and body backward. This can, in turn, progress to kernicterus, which is permanent brain damage.

• #48 Kernicterus & High Bilirubin Causes & Treatments | Newborn Jaundice Signs & Symptoms

  https://www.abclawcenters.com/practice-areas/jaundice-and-kernicterus/

  Jaundice is a common and easily-diagnosed condition in newborns caused by elevated bilirubin levels. […] Jaundice is often characterized by a yellowing of the baby’s skin (usually starting on the face and moving down the body) and the whites of the eyes. This may be more apparent after pressing a finger to the baby’s nose or forehead. […] Other signs of newborn jaundice include the following: Poor feeding, Lethargy, tiredness, Inability to gain weight, Dark yellow urine, Pale stools, Arching the neck or body backwards, Irritability. […] If jaundice is severe and improperly treated, it can lead to a form of brain damage known as bilirubin encephalopathy, which can progress to a more serious injury known as chronic bilirubin encephalopathy or kernicterus. […] ABE has been categorized into three phases: Phase 1 typically begins around 3-5 days of life, and may involve decreased alertness, feeding problems, hypotonia, and a weak Moro reflex. Phase 2 typically begins later in the first week, and may involve stupor, irritability, changes in muscle tone/movement, and a high-pitched cry. Phase 3 typically begins after the first week, and may involve hypotonia, coma, spasms, “sun setting eyes,” fever, feeding problems, and apnea. The rate of mortality has been estimated to be at least 21%. […] Kernicterus is a more permanent effect of hyperbilirubinemia that can develop in babies who survive ABE. In the first year of life, it typically manifests with abnormalities in muscle tone, persistence of tonic neck reflex, and delayed developmental milestones.

• #49 Kernicterus & High Bilirubin Causes & Treatments | Newborn Jaundice Signs & Symptoms

  https://www.abclawcenters.com/practice-areas/jaundice-and-kernicterus/

  Jaundice is a common and easily-diagnosed condition in newborns caused by elevated bilirubin levels. […] Jaundice is often characterized by a yellowing of the baby’s skin (usually starting on the face and moving down the body) and the whites of the eyes. This may be more apparent after pressing a finger to the baby’s nose or forehead. […] Other signs of newborn jaundice include the following: Poor feeding, Lethargy, tiredness, Inability to gain weight, Dark yellow urine, Pale stools, Arching the neck or body backwards, Irritability. […] If jaundice is severe and improperly treated, it can lead to a form of brain damage known as bilirubin encephalopathy, which can progress to a more serious injury known as chronic bilirubin encephalopathy or kernicterus. […] ABE has been categorized into three phases: Phase 1 typically begins around 3-5 days of life, and may involve decreased alertness, feeding problems, hypotonia, and a weak Moro reflex. Phase 2 typically begins later in the first week, and may involve stupor, irritability, changes in muscle tone/movement, and a high-pitched cry. Phase 3 typically begins after the first week, and may involve hypotonia, coma, spasms, “sun setting eyes,” fever, feeding problems, and apnea. The rate of mortality has been estimated to be at least 21%. […] Kernicterus is a more permanent effect of hyperbilirubinemia that can develop in babies who survive ABE. In the first year of life, it typically manifests with abnormalities in muscle tone, persistence of tonic neck reflex, and delayed developmental milestones.

• #50 Kernicterus & High Bilirubin Causes & Treatments | Newborn Jaundice Signs & Symptoms

  https://www.abclawcenters.com/practice-areas/jaundice-and-kernicterus/

  Jaundice is a common and easily-diagnosed condition in newborns caused by elevated bilirubin levels. […] Jaundice is often characterized by a yellowing of the baby’s skin (usually starting on the face and moving down the body) and the whites of the eyes. This may be more apparent after pressing a finger to the baby’s nose or forehead. […] Other signs of newborn jaundice include the following: Poor feeding, Lethargy, tiredness, Inability to gain weight, Dark yellow urine, Pale stools, Arching the neck or body backwards, Irritability. […] If jaundice is severe and improperly treated, it can lead to a form of brain damage known as bilirubin encephalopathy, which can progress to a more serious injury known as chronic bilirubin encephalopathy or kernicterus. […] ABE has been categorized into three phases: Phase 1 typically begins around 3-5 days of life, and may involve decreased alertness, feeding problems, hypotonia, and a weak Moro reflex. Phase 2 typically begins later in the first week, and may involve stupor, irritability, changes in muscle tone/movement, and a high-pitched cry. Phase 3 typically begins after the first week, and may involve hypotonia, coma, spasms, “sun setting eyes,” fever, feeding problems, and apnea. The rate of mortality has been estimated to be at least 21%. […] Kernicterus is a more permanent effect of hyperbilirubinemia that can develop in babies who survive ABE. In the first year of life, it typically manifests with abnormalities in muscle tone, persistence of tonic neck reflex, and delayed developmental milestones.

• #51 Kernicterus | Birth Injury Center

  https://birthinjurycenter.org/types-of-birth-injuries/kernicterus/

  Because kernicterus can permanently damage brain cells, children might develop new symptoms of kernicterus even years after treatment. These symptoms can be permanent and create life-long disabilities. […] Long-term symptoms of kernicterus include: Convulsions or seizures, Writhing and muscle spasms, Unusual motor development and movement, Stains on teeth enamel, Sensory challenges, primarily hearing, Inability to gaze upwards, Difficulty speaking.

• #52 Neonatal jaundice – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neonatal_jaundice

  Yellowish discoloration of the skin and white part of the eyes is a primary symptom of neonatal jaundice. […] Other symptoms may include excess sleepiness or poor feeding. […] A bilirubin level more than 34 mol/L (2 mg/dL) may result in visible discoloration of the skin. […] Concerns, in otherwise healthy babies, occur when levels are greater than 308 mol/L (18 mg/dL), jaundice is noticed in the first day of life, there is a rapid rise in levels, jaundice lasts more than two weeks, or the baby appears unwell. […] Physiologic jaundice generally lasts less than seven days. […] The condition affects over half of babies in the first week of life. […] Of babies that are born early about 80% are affected. […] Prolonged hyperbilirubinemia (severe jaundice) can result in chronic bilirubin encephalopathy (kernicterus). […] Quick and accurate treatment of neonatal jaundice helps to reduce the risk of neonates developing kernicterus. […] Infants with kernicterus may have a fever or seizures. […] High pitched crying can also be a side effect of kernicterus.

• #53

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=hw164159

  Jaundice is a yellow tint to a newborn’s skin and the white part of the eyes. It is a sign that there’s too much bilirubin in the baby’s blood. Jaundice usually appears in the first 5 days of life. Many babies have left the hospital by the time jaundice starts. Most babies have mild jaundice. It usually gets better or goes away on its own within a week or two without causing problems. But jaundice should be taken seriously. In rare cases, if the bilirubin level stays high and isn’t treated, it can cause brain damage called kernicterus. This can lead to serious lifelong problems. […] If a newborn has jaundice, the skin and the white part of the eyes will look yellow. The yellow colour shows up first in the baby’s face and chest, usually 1 to 5 days after birth. A baby whose bilirubin level is high may: Get more yellow. Be sluggish and not suck well. Be cranky or jittery. Arch their back. Have a high-pitched cry. A high bilirubin level can be dangerous. Make sure to call a doctor right away if your baby has any of these symptoms.

• #54 Jaundice in Newborns (Hyperbilirubinemia) | Kaiser Permanente

  https://healthy.kaiserpermanente.org/health-wellness/health-encyclopedia/he.jaundice-in-newborns-hyperbilirubinemia.hw164159

  Jaundice is a yellow tint to a newborn’s skin and the white part of the eyes. It is a sign that there’s too much bilirubin in the baby’s blood. Jaundice usually appears in the first 5 days of life. Most babies have mild jaundice. It usually gets better or goes away on its own within a week or two without causing problems. A baby whose bilirubin level is high may: Get more yellow. Be sluggish and not suck well. Be cranky or jittery. Arch their back. Have a high-pitched cry. A high bilirubin level can be dangerous. Make sure to call a doctor right away if your baby has any of these symptoms. In most cases, babies have what’s called physiologic jaundice. It occurs because their organs aren’t yet able to get rid of excess bilirubin very well. This type of jaundice usually appears about 24 hours after birth. It gets worse for a few days, and then usually goes away in about a week or two. If your baby has jaundice, you have an important role to play. Look closely at your baby’s skin 2 times a day to make sure that the color is returning to normal. If your baby has dark skin, gently press on your baby’s skin on the forehead, nose, or chest. Then when you lift your finger, check to see if the skin looks yellow. Call the doctor if the yellow color gets brighter after your baby is 3 days old.

• #55 4 reasons why babies get jaundice and might require immediate treatment | Pediatrics | Your Pregnancy Matters | UT Southwestern Medical Center

  https://utswmed.org/medblog/4-reasons-babies-get-jaundice/

  Neonatal jaundice, or the appearance of yellow skin and eyes in an infant, is one of the most common newborn health conditions. About 60% of babies develop jaundice within 2-3 days after delivery. […] For many babies, it takes less than a week for the liver to excrete the excess bilirubin on its own without treatment. In rare cases, excess bilirubin can deposit in organs beyond the skin including the brain, which can cause permanent brain damage. […] If immediate treatment for jaundice isn’t required, or when your baby starts improving after treatment in the hospital, we’ll ask you to monitor symptoms at home. Along with yellowish skin and eyes, symptoms can include extreme sleepiness and difficulty feeding and gaining weight. […] Jaundice typically develops from the head to the feet. The legs and hands are usually last. If you notice jaundice in these areas, we need to see your baby right away because the jaundice has likely spread through their body and bilirubin levels are high. […] Any time you see new or lingering symptoms of jaundice, talk with your child’s pediatrician. Follow-up appointments can help your baby avoid serious complications. While treatment isn’t always necessary, we won’t know unless we measure and monitor your baby’s bilirubin level.

• #56 When to Worry About Jaundice Symptoms in Newborn Babies

  https://www.mountelizabeth.com.sg/health-plus/article/jaundice-babies

  Early signs of newborn jaundice include: a yellowish tinge in the skin and whites of the eyes, usually starting in the face and spreading downwards across the body. […] Symptoms of severe jaundice, which may indicate an underlying medical condition, include: signs of jaundice that spread or become more intense, deepening of the yellow colouring, fever of over 38 degrees Celsius, poor appetite, listlessness or lethargy, high-pitched crying. […] Severe jaundice also heightens the risk of bilirubin passing into the brain, which may lead to permanent brain damage. […] Most cases of jaundice usually resolve on their own. However, if the jaundice-causing bilirubin levels spike within 24 hours of birth, or stay high after a week, other health problems have to be considered. […] In the meantime, seek immediate medical attention if you notice the following symptoms: Your baby’s skin is getting more yellow after 3 days, Your baby’s chest or abdomen is yellow, Your baby is sluggish and doesn’t nurse or feed well, Your baby’s bowel movement is pale, Your baby is cranky, Your baby arches his or her back, Your baby’s cry takes on a high pitch, The jaundice has not gone away after 2 weeks from birth.

• #57 Jaundice In Babies | KidsHealth New Zealand’s Trusted Voice On Children’s Health

  https://www.kidshealth.org.nz/jaundice

  Mild jaundice is common in ppi (babies), but baby jaundice is not always normal. If your baby has yellow skin or eyes and pale poo or dark (yellow or brown) wee, your baby needs a special blood test. See a health professional or midwife as soon as possible. […] Jaundice means yellow colouring of the skin and the whites of the eyes. […] Mild jaundice is common in newborn ppi – it starts on the second or third day and settles over 7 to 10 days. […] Jaundice that appears in the first 24 hours after birth is not normal – it needs checking by a health professional straight away. […] Jaundice at any age with pale poos and dark wee needs checking with a blood test. […] Jaundice still there after 2 weeks of age needs checking by a health professional. […] As the bilirubin level gets higher, your baby will become more obviously yellow over the whole body.

• #58

  https://www.healthychildren.org/English/ages-stages/baby/Pages/jaundice.aspx

  Some babies have a greater risk for high levels of bilirubin and may need to be seen sooner after discharge from the hospital. […] Call your baby’s doctor if you notice these symptoms: Your baby’s skin turns more yellow. Your baby’s abdomen, arms, or legs are yellow. The whites of your baby’s eyes are yellow. […] Treatment can prevent the potentially harmful effects of high bilirubin levels. Most jaundice requires no treatment. […] When treatment is needed, babies are placed undressed under special lights (phototherapy). Phototherapy helps lower the bilirubin level. […] In breastfed babies, it is common for jaundice to last 1 month or occasionally longer. In formula-fed babies, most jaundice goes away by 2 weeks. Let your baby’s doctor know if your baby has jaundice for more than 2 weeks if your baby is formula fed, or longer than 4 weeks if your baby is primarily breastfed.

• #59 Jaundice in Newborn Babies: Causes, Treatment and More

  https://www.whattoexpect.com/baby-health-and-safety/newborn-jaundice.aspx

  Typically, jaundice goes away in a week to 10 days, though it sticks around for longer in premature babies. […] If your baby is breastfed, jaundice can last a month or occasionally longer. If your baby is formula-fed, jaundice typically clears up within two weeks. If it lasts three weeks or longer, be sure to call the doctor for a follow-up.

• #60 Neonatal jaundice – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neonatal_jaundice

  Yellowish discoloration of the skin and white part of the eyes is a primary symptom of neonatal jaundice. […] Other symptoms may include excess sleepiness or poor feeding. […] A bilirubin level more than 34 mol/L (2 mg/dL) may result in visible discoloration of the skin. […] Concerns, in otherwise healthy babies, occur when levels are greater than 308 mol/L (18 mg/dL), jaundice is noticed in the first day of life, there is a rapid rise in levels, jaundice lasts more than two weeks, or the baby appears unwell. […] Physiologic jaundice generally lasts less than seven days. […] The condition affects over half of babies in the first week of life. […] Of babies that are born early about 80% are affected. […] Prolonged hyperbilirubinemia (severe jaundice) can result in chronic bilirubin encephalopathy (kernicterus). […] Quick and accurate treatment of neonatal jaundice helps to reduce the risk of neonates developing kernicterus. […] Infants with kernicterus may have a fever or seizures. […] High pitched crying can also be a side effect of kernicterus.

• #61 Newborn Jaundice: Pathological, Prevention, Signs of Recovery

  https://www.medicinenet.com/newborn_jaundice_neonatal_jaundice/article.htm

  A newborn that develops jaundice within the first 24 hours of life requires immediate medical attention. […] The need to treat jaundice in newborns is determined by interpreting the total bilirubin level and comparing it with the newborn’s age in hours. […] Generally speaking, the prognosis for newborns with jaundice is excellent if they receive the appropriate monitoring and treatment, and the vast majority of infants with neonatal jaundice will improve with no adverse effects. […] The complications associated with neonatal jaundice occur when bilirubin levels reach toxic levels, and the bilirubin gets into the central nervous system and damages the brain.

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