Materiały źródłowe

• #1

  https://www.nursingcenter.com/lnc/ce_articleprint?an=01271211-201207000-00007

  Each year, about 200,000 people in the United States are diagnosed with aortic aneurysm. An aneurysm is a localized, abnormal, permanent dilation of a blood vessel, occurring when a segment of the vessel wall becomes weakened. Sudden dissection or rupture of an aortic aneurysm is a life-threatening medical emergency. This article describes thoracic and abdominal aortic aneurysms, their causes, and the perioperative nurse’s role in surgical procedures for aortic aneurysms. […] Aneurysms commonly affect the aorta, ventricular walls of the heart, and peripheral arteries, but the aorta is particularly susceptible to aneurysm formation because of constant stress on its walls. […] Aortic aneurysms result from conditions that cause degradation or abnormal production of elastin and collagen, the structural components of the aortic wall.

• #2 Aneurysm: What It Is, Types, Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22769-aneurysm

  An aneurysm is a bulge in the wall of an artery. Aneurysms form when theres a weak area in the artery wall. Untreated aneurysms can burst open, leading to internal bleeding. They can also cause blood clots that block the flow of blood in your artery. Depending on the location of the aneurysm, a rupture or clot can be life-threatening. […] If an aneurysm ruptures (bursts), its a medical emergency that requires immediate treatment. Call 911 if you or someone you’re with shows signs of a ruptured aneurysm. Symptoms of a ruptured aneurysm come on suddenly. […] If your provider discovers that you have an unruptured aneurysm, they’ll monitor your condition closely. The goal of treatment is to prevent the aneurysm from bursting. […] Depending on the aneurysms type, location and size, treatment can include medication or surgery. Your provider may prescribe medications to improve blood flow, lower blood pressure or control cholesterol. These treatments can help slow aneurysm growth and reduce pressure on the artery wall.

• #3

  https://www.nursingcenter.com/lnc/ce_articleprint?an=01271211-201207000-00007

  Risk factors associated with degenerative aortic aneurysms include aging, smoking, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, hyperlipidemia, male gender, and family history. […] Aneurysm rupture is catastrophic and associated with a poor prognosis. Rupture usually results in bleeding into the retroperitoneal space, where a tamponade effect is exerted by adjacent structures. Patients with aneurysm rupture typically have acute abdominal or back pain and signs of hemorrhagic shock. These patients need immediate surgical resection of the aneurysm. […] Medical treatment is indicated for slow-growing aneurysms, especially in the early stages. Medical treatment includes management of cardiovascular risk factors including hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, obesity, and inactivity. […] Aneurysm size is carefully monitored for expansion at least every 6 to 12 months using palpation, abdominal X-rays, ultrasound, or CT scans.

• #4 Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (Nursing) – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK568681/

  Learning Outcome […] Outline nursing monitoring requirements for a patient with an abdominal aortic aneurysm. […] State the desired blood pressure that should be targeted in a patient with an abdominal aortic aneurysm. […] Nursing Diagnosis […] Abdominal aortic aneurysm. […] Anxiety from pain. […] The decreased cardiac output from rupture. […] Shock if a rupture has occurred. […] Nursing Management […] The ultimate goal of treatment is to limit the progression of the AAA by modifying risk factors like controlling blood pressure, discontinuing smoking, and lowering levels of lipids. When the patient is admitted, the following assessments are necessary: […] Check by palpation for a pulsating mass in the abdomen, at or above the umbilicus. […] Auscultate for a bruit over the abdominal aorta.

• #5 Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (Nursing) – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK568681/

  Determine if there is tenderness on palpation (do not palpate too deep as there is a risk of rupture). […] Ask if the patient has abdominal or lower back pain. […] Check blood pressure to determine if a rupture has occurred. […] Check distal leg pulses to ensure tissue perfusion. […] Strict blood pressure control if high (may need oral or IV medications). […] Ensure that the patient has been seen by anesthesia and the vascular surgeon. […] When To Seek Help […] If the patient has low blood pressure. […] There is the loss of distal leg pulses. […] Abdominal tenderness. […] Mottling and ecchymosis around the abdomen. […] Shortness of breath. […] Sudden abdominal of back pain. […] Signs of ischemia, like stroke or myocardial infarction. […] Outcome Identification

• #6 Intracranial (Cerebral) Aneurysm Nursing Care Management and Study Guide

  https://nurseslabs.com/intracranial-aneurysm/

  All patients should be monitored in the intensive care unit after an intracerebral aneurysm. […] A complete neurologic assessment is performed initially and includes evaluation for the following: Altered level of consciousness, Sluggish pupillary reaction, Motor and sensory dysfunction, Cranial nerve deficits (extraocular eye movements, facial droop, presence of ptosis), Speech difficulties and visual disturbance, Headache and nuchal rigidity or other neurologic deficits. […] Based on the assessment data, the patients major nursing diagnoses may include the following: Ineffective tissue perfusion related to bleeding or vasospasm, Disturbed sensory perception related to medically imposed restrictions, Anxiety related to illness and/or medically imposed restrictions (aneurysm precautions).

• #7 7 Aortic Aneurysm Nursing Care Plan – Nurseslabs

  https://nurseslabs.com/aortic-aneurysm-nursing-care-plan/

  Use this nursing care plan and management guide to help care for patients with aortic aneurysm. Enhance your understanding of nursing assessment, interventions, goals, and nursing diagnosis, all specifically tailored to address the unique needs of individuals facing aortic aneurysm. […] Following a thorough assessment, a nursing diagnosis is formulated to specifically address the challenges associated with aortic aneurysm based on the nurses clinical judgement and understanding of the patients unique health condition. […] Goals and expected outcomes may include: The client will verbalize strategies to reduce his anxiety level. The client will demonstrate a positive coping method. The client or significant others verbalize understanding of disease process, treatment options, and goals of therapy. The client will maintain adequate cardiac output, as evidenced by HR of 60 to 100 beats per minute, normotensive BP, palpable pulse, clear lung sounds, urine output of more than 30 ml/hr, and normal level of consciousness. The client will maintain adequate tissue perfusion as evidenced by strong palpable pulses; warm, dry extremities; BP within the normal range for the client; urinary output greater than or equal to 30 ml/hr; alert, normal level of consciousness; normal bowel sounds; absence of abdominal or chest pain. The client will have a reduced risk for complications from progressive dissection or rupture as a result of early detection of symptoms and appropriate intervention.

• #8 Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (Nursing) – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK568681/

  Learning Outcome […] Outline nursing monitoring requirements for a patient with an abdominal aortic aneurysm. […] State the desired blood pressure that should be targeted in a patient with an abdominal aortic aneurysm. […] Nursing Diagnosis […] Abdominal aortic aneurysm. […] Anxiety from pain. […] The decreased cardiac output from rupture. […] Shock if a rupture has occurred. […] Nursing Management […] The ultimate goal of treatment is to limit the progression of the AAA by modifying risk factors like controlling blood pressure, discontinuing smoking, and lowering levels of lipids. When the patient is admitted, the following assessments are necessary: […] Check by palpation for a pulsating mass in the abdomen, at or above the umbilicus. […] Auscultate for a bruit over the abdominal aorta.

• #9 Intracranial (Cerebral) Aneurysm Nursing Care Management and Study Guide

  https://nurseslabs.com/intracranial-aneurysm/

  All patients should be monitored in the intensive care unit after an intracerebral aneurysm. […] A complete neurologic assessment is performed initially and includes evaluation for the following: Altered level of consciousness, Sluggish pupillary reaction, Motor and sensory dysfunction, Cranial nerve deficits (extraocular eye movements, facial droop, presence of ptosis), Speech difficulties and visual disturbance, Headache and nuchal rigidity or other neurologic deficits. […] Based on the assessment data, the patients major nursing diagnoses may include the following: Ineffective tissue perfusion related to bleeding or vasospasm, Disturbed sensory perception related to medically imposed restrictions, Anxiety related to illness and/or medically imposed restrictions (aneurysm precautions).

• #10 7 Aortic Aneurysm Nursing Care Plan – Nurseslabs

  https://nurseslabs.com/aortic-aneurysm-nursing-care-plan/

  Use this nursing care plan and management guide to help care for patients with aortic aneurysm. Enhance your understanding of nursing assessment, interventions, goals, and nursing diagnosis, all specifically tailored to address the unique needs of individuals facing aortic aneurysm. […] Following a thorough assessment, a nursing diagnosis is formulated to specifically address the challenges associated with aortic aneurysm based on the nurses clinical judgement and understanding of the patients unique health condition. […] Goals and expected outcomes may include: The client will verbalize strategies to reduce his anxiety level. The client will demonstrate a positive coping method. The client or significant others verbalize understanding of disease process, treatment options, and goals of therapy. The client will maintain adequate cardiac output, as evidenced by HR of 60 to 100 beats per minute, normotensive BP, palpable pulse, clear lung sounds, urine output of more than 30 ml/hr, and normal level of consciousness. The client will maintain adequate tissue perfusion as evidenced by strong palpable pulses; warm, dry extremities; BP within the normal range for the client; urinary output greater than or equal to 30 ml/hr; alert, normal level of consciousness; normal bowel sounds; absence of abdominal or chest pain. The client will have a reduced risk for complications from progressive dissection or rupture as a result of early detection of symptoms and appropriate intervention.

• #11 Intracranial (Cerebral) Aneurysm Nursing Care Management and Study Guide

  https://nurseslabs.com/intracranial-aneurysm/

  The goals for the patient may include: Improve cerebral tissue perfusion, Relief of sensory and perceptual deprivation, Relief of anxiety, Absence of complications. […] All patients should be monitored in the intensive care unit after an intracerebral hemorrhage. […] Monitor closely for neurologic deterioration, and maintain a neurologic ow record. […] Implement aneurysm precautions (immediate and absolute bed rest in a quiet, nonstressful setting; restrict visitors, except for family). […] Provide the patient and family with information to promote cooperation with the care and required activity restrictions and prepare them for the patients return home. […] The patient and the family are provided with information that will enable them to cooperate with the care and restrictions required to prepare them to return home.

• #12 7 Aortic Aneurysm Nursing Care Plan – Nurseslabs

  https://nurseslabs.com/aortic-aneurysm-nursing-care-plan/

  Due to the inherent risks associated with this condition, nurses must remain vigilant in their observation and evaluation. Regular assessments of vital signs, including blood pressure and heart rate, help identify any changes that may indicate complications such as aortic dissection or rupture. […] Administering medications and providing pharmacologic support is an important aspect of caring for patients with aortic aneurysm. Medications are often prescribed to manage symptoms, prevent complications, and improve overall cardiovascular health.

• #13 Aneurysms – Medical-Surgical Nursing for the NCLEX – LevelUpRN

  https://leveluprn.com/blogs/medical-surgical-nursing/cardiovascular-18-aneurysms?srsltid=AfmBOooKNyVp6745sYqB4DqVrIYR-T97au-qDPJXMGFcme9P8Lx0znAB

  Aneurysms, including an abdominal aortic aneurysms and a thoracic aortic aneurysm. The pathophysiology, risk factors, signs/symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, nursing care, and patient teaching associated with aneurysms. […] For nursing care, we’re going to want to monitor for signs of a rupture, which can include a sudden onset of severe pain. And if we have a rupture, that patient is going to be losing blood very quickly. So they will likely be exhibiting signs and symptoms of hypovolemic shock, which can include hypotension, diaphoresis, a decrease in level of consciousness, oliguria, and decreased pulses distal to the rupture. So you’re going to be closely monitoring the patient’s vital signs, their cardiac rhythm, as well as their urine output. If that urine output falls below 30 milliliters an hour, then that could be indicative of a rupture. So you’re definitely going to want to notify the provider.

• #14 7 Aortic Aneurysm Nursing Care Plan – Nurseslabs

  https://nurseslabs.com/aortic-aneurysm-nursing-care-plan/

  Therapeutic interventions and nursing actions for patients with aortic aneurysm may include: Reducing Anxiety and Fear. Clients with an aortic aneurysm may experience anxiety due to the potentially life-threatening nature of the condition and the uncertainty surrounding their prognosis. […] Initiating health teachings and patient education in individuals diagnosed with aortic aneurysm is of utmost importance in promoting their understanding of the condition and empowering them to actively participate in their own care. […] Clients with aortic aneurysms are at risk for decrease in cardiac output due to progressive dissection, which can impair blood flow to vital organs, as well as aortic rupture, which can cause life-threatening bleeding. […] Clients with aortic aneurysms are at risk for ineffective tissue perfusion due to a variety of factors, including iatrogenic causes such as surgical complications, trauma to the vessel wall during medical procedures, defects in the vessel wall that impair blood flow, and conditions that increase stress on the arterial wall, such as hypertension and atherosclerosis.

• #15 Aortic aneurysm: Causes, clues, and treatment options

  https://www.myamericannurse.com/aortic-aneurysm-causes-clues-and-treatment-options/

  When caring for a patient recovering from EVAR, stay alert for arrhythmias. Closely monitor the circulation, temperature, and color of extremities and watch for edema. Document the patients vital signs, respiratory status, and fluid balance regularly. Note complaints of fatigue or acute pain of abrupt onset. […] Assess the patients and familys emotional status. Discovery of an aneurysm and the stress of choosing a treatment plan can be overwhelming. Listen closely and watch for nonverbal signs of anxiety, such as nervousness, agitation, irritability, and restlessness. […] Be aware that patients may be concerned about loss of control. They may be used to managing their home and professional lives; to suddenly find out they have a serious condition may be devastating. Also, they may sense something bad is going to happen. Stay alert for trembling and shakingor, conversely, denial of obvious tension or anxiety. When you combine your nursing knowledge and skills with compassion, you can help ensure optimal recovery for patients who have had aortic aneurysms.

• #16 7 Aortic Aneurysm Nursing Care Plan – Nurseslabs

  https://nurseslabs.com/aortic-aneurysm-nursing-care-plan/

  Therapeutic interventions and nursing actions for patients with aortic aneurysm may include: Reducing Anxiety and Fear. Clients with an aortic aneurysm may experience anxiety due to the potentially life-threatening nature of the condition and the uncertainty surrounding their prognosis. […] Initiating health teachings and patient education in individuals diagnosed with aortic aneurysm is of utmost importance in promoting their understanding of the condition and empowering them to actively participate in their own care. […] Clients with aortic aneurysms are at risk for decrease in cardiac output due to progressive dissection, which can impair blood flow to vital organs, as well as aortic rupture, which can cause life-threatening bleeding. […] Clients with aortic aneurysms are at risk for ineffective tissue perfusion due to a variety of factors, including iatrogenic causes such as surgical complications, trauma to the vessel wall during medical procedures, defects in the vessel wall that impair blood flow, and conditions that increase stress on the arterial wall, such as hypertension and atherosclerosis.

• #17 Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Aortic Aneurysm | Free NURSING.com Courses

  https://nursing.com/lesson/04-07-nursing-care-and-pathophysiology-for-aortic-aneurysm

  Dilation or outpouching of the aorta due to the weakened medial layer of the blood vessel. Most commonly caused by hypertension. […] Nursing Points […] The most severe risk with an aneurysm is that that weakened blood vessel wall can rupture. […] The number one thing we can do for a patient with an aneurysm is manage their blood pressure. […] After either of these procedures we need to make sure we’re assessing distal pulses as well as vital signs and hemodynamics. […] We prioritize controlling their blood pressure and can surgically repair if necessary to prevent rupture. […] your priorities are perfusion, perfusion, perfusion!!

• #18

  https://www.nursingcenter.com/lnc/ce_articleprint?an=01271211-201207000-00007

  Indications for surgical repair of aortic aneurysms include: aneurysm diameter greater than 5.5 cm, aneurysm diameter of 4 to 5 cm in young patients who are otherwise healthy and have less surgical risk, and also in women because AAAs have been shown to rupture at a smaller diameter in women when compared to men, rapidly expanding aneurysm (growth rate greater than 0.5 cm over a 6-month period), symptomatic aneurysm of any size. […] After the procedure, the patient may be transferred to the postanesthesia care unit or may go directly to the ICU. In the immediate postoperative phase, monitor the patient for adequate ventilation and tissue perfusion, signs and symptoms of hemorrhage, and administer medications to relieve pain and anxiety. […] Priorities postoperatively include monitoring and preventing complications commonly associated with major surgery: respiratory compromise, hemodynamic instability, infection, and ileus. The goal is to return patients to their normal preoperative function and daily activities as soon as possible. […] By understanding the risk factors, pathophysiology, and management of aortic aneurysms, you can help patients receive optimal care.

• #19 Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Nursing Care Plan & Management

  https://www.rnpedia.com/nursing-notes/medical-surgical-nursing-notes/abdominal-aortic-aneurysm/

  Instruct the client that if severe back or abdominal pain or fullness, soreness over the umbilicus, sudden development of discoloration in the extremities, or a persistent elevation of BP occurs to notify the physician immediately. […] Monitor vital signs. […] Assess risk factors for the arterial disease process. […] Observe for signs of rupture. […] Monitor for abdominal distention. […] The appearance of abdominal wound (color, temperature, intactness, drainage). […] The presence of complications: Hypotension, hypertension, cardiac dysrhythmias, low urine output, thrombophlebitis, infection, graft occlusion, changes in consciousness, aneurysm rupture, excessive anxiety, poor wound healing. […] Explain the need to keep the surgical wound clean and dry. […] Instruct the patient to lift nothing heavier than 5 pounds for about 6 to 12 weeks and to avoid driving until her or his physician permits.

• #20 7 Aortic Aneurysm Nursing Care Plan – Nurseslabs

  https://nurseslabs.com/aortic-aneurysm-nursing-care-plan/

  Therapeutic interventions and nursing actions for patients with aortic aneurysm may include: Reducing Anxiety and Fear. Clients with an aortic aneurysm may experience anxiety due to the potentially life-threatening nature of the condition and the uncertainty surrounding their prognosis. […] Initiating health teachings and patient education in individuals diagnosed with aortic aneurysm is of utmost importance in promoting their understanding of the condition and empowering them to actively participate in their own care. […] Clients with aortic aneurysms are at risk for decrease in cardiac output due to progressive dissection, which can impair blood flow to vital organs, as well as aortic rupture, which can cause life-threatening bleeding. […] Clients with aortic aneurysms are at risk for ineffective tissue perfusion due to a variety of factors, including iatrogenic causes such as surgical complications, trauma to the vessel wall during medical procedures, defects in the vessel wall that impair blood flow, and conditions that increase stress on the arterial wall, such as hypertension and atherosclerosis.

• #21 Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (Nursing) – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK568681/

  The patient’s blood pressure should be within 120/90. By controlling blood pressure and reducing modifiable risk factors as mentioned above, one can lower the risk of progression and rupture. […] Monitoring […] Check blood pressure at every clinic visit after discharge. […] Ensure wound is clean, dry, and healed. […] Ensure patient has distal leg pulses. […] Continue to recommend avoidance of tobacco. […] Coordination of Care […] A team approach of emergency nurses, emergency physicians, and a vascular surgeon will facilitate rapid evaluation and treatment and improve outcomes. Referral to a vascular center that can provide a standard of care management is appropriate. […] Health Teaching and Health Promotion […] Discontinue smoking. […] Control blood pressure (120/90).

• #22 Aneurysms – Medical-Surgical Nursing for the NCLEX – LevelUpRN

  https://leveluprn.com/blogs/medical-surgical-nursing/cardiovascular-18-aneurysms?srsltid=AfmBOooKNyVp6745sYqB4DqVrIYR-T97au-qDPJXMGFcme9P8Lx0znAB

  In terms of patient teaching, we definitely want to advise your patient to stop smoking. If they smoke, they should slowly increase their physical activity, maintain a normal body weight, make sure their lipid levels are within normal range, and they need to closely monitor their blood pressure in order to keep it well controlled to prevent a rupture.

• #23 Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Nursing Care Plan & Management

  https://www.rnpedia.com/nursing-notes/medical-surgical-nursing-notes/abdominal-aortic-aneurysm/

  Instruct the client that if severe back or abdominal pain or fullness, soreness over the umbilicus, sudden development of discoloration in the extremities, or a persistent elevation of BP occurs to notify the physician immediately. […] Monitor vital signs. […] Assess risk factors for the arterial disease process. […] Observe for signs of rupture. […] Monitor for abdominal distention. […] The appearance of abdominal wound (color, temperature, intactness, drainage). […] The presence of complications: Hypotension, hypertension, cardiac dysrhythmias, low urine output, thrombophlebitis, infection, graft occlusion, changes in consciousness, aneurysm rupture, excessive anxiety, poor wound healing. […] Explain the need to keep the surgical wound clean and dry. […] Instruct the patient to lift nothing heavier than 5 pounds for about 6 to 12 weeks and to avoid driving until her or his physician permits.

• #24 Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (Nursing) – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK568681/

  Determine if there is tenderness on palpation (do not palpate too deep as there is a risk of rupture). […] Ask if the patient has abdominal or lower back pain. […] Check blood pressure to determine if a rupture has occurred. […] Check distal leg pulses to ensure tissue perfusion. […] Strict blood pressure control if high (may need oral or IV medications). […] Ensure that the patient has been seen by anesthesia and the vascular surgeon. […] When To Seek Help […] If the patient has low blood pressure. […] There is the loss of distal leg pulses. […] Abdominal tenderness. […] Mottling and ecchymosis around the abdomen. […] Shortness of breath. […] Sudden abdominal of back pain. […] Signs of ischemia, like stroke or myocardial infarction. […] Outcome Identification

• #25 Watchful Waiting for Aortic Aneurysm | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/aortic-aneurysm/treatments/watchful-waiting-for-aortic-aneurysm

  Your NYU Langone doctor may recommend watchful waiting for an aortic aneurysm if it doesnt appear to be growing quickly and is considered to be small. This means your doctor monitors you for any changes in signs or symptoms. […] Most aortic aneurysms are slow growing and dont reach a size that warrants surgerytypically 5.5 cm in width if it is a thoracic aneurysm and 5 to 5.5 cm if it is an abdominal aneurysm. Fewer than half of people with abdominal aortic aneurysms require surgery within three years of diagnosis. […] During watchful waiting, your doctor monitors the aneurysm with CT or MRI scans every 6 to 12 months to look for changes in its size or shape. You may also be prescribed medications to lower your blood pressure or cholesterol levels, which can help slow the growth of the aneurysm. […] If you have any unexplained back, chest, or abdominal pain, its important to report it to your doctor immediately and go to the nearest emergency department, because you may be experiencing a tear or rupture.

• #26 Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (Nursing) – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK568681/

  Learning Outcome […] Outline nursing monitoring requirements for a patient with an abdominal aortic aneurysm. […] State the desired blood pressure that should be targeted in a patient with an abdominal aortic aneurysm. […] Nursing Diagnosis […] Abdominal aortic aneurysm. […] Anxiety from pain. […] The decreased cardiac output from rupture. […] Shock if a rupture has occurred. […] Nursing Management […] The ultimate goal of treatment is to limit the progression of the AAA by modifying risk factors like controlling blood pressure, discontinuing smoking, and lowering levels of lipids. When the patient is admitted, the following assessments are necessary: […] Check by palpation for a pulsating mass in the abdomen, at or above the umbilicus. […] Auscultate for a bruit over the abdominal aorta.

• #27 Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Nursing Care Plan & Management

  https://www.rnpedia.com/nursing-notes/medical-surgical-nursing-notes/abdominal-aortic-aneurysm/

  An aortic aneurysm is an abnormal dilation of the arterial wall caused by localized weakness and stretching in the medial layer or wall of an artery. […] The goal of treatment is to limit the progression of the disease by modifying risk factors, controlling the BP to prevent strain on the aneurysm, recognizing symptoms early, and preventing rupture. […] Risk for fluid volume deficit related to hemorrhage. […] Medical or surgical treatment depends on the type of aneurysm. For a rupture aneurysm, prognosis is poor and surgery is performed immediately. […] Removal of the aneurysm and restoration of vascular continuity with a graft (resection and bypass graft or endovascular grafting) is the goal of surgery and the treatment of choice for abdominal aortic aneurysms larger than 5.5 cm (2 inches) in diameter or those that are enlarging.

• #28 Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Nursing Care Plan & Management

  https://www.rnpedia.com/nursing-notes/medical-surgical-nursing-notes/abdominal-aortic-aneurysm/

  Encourage the patient to stop smoking and to attend smoking cessation classes. […] Discuss with the patient the possibility of clot formation or graft blockage. […] Compliance with the regime of monitoring the size of the aneurysm by computed tomography over time is essential. […] The most critical symptom Nurse Anderson should be alert to in a patient with an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is the sudden onset of severe back or abdominal pain. […] The most common location for an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is below the renal arteries. […] The primary concern that warrants the greatest vigilance in the preoperative phase for a patient scheduled for abdominal aneurysm surgery is the rupture of the aneurysm. […] A hematoma in the perineal area following abdominal aortic repair is a concerning sign that may indicate a retroperitoneal rupture at the repair site.

• #29 Intracranial (Cerebral) Aneurysm Nursing Care Management and Study Guide

  https://nurseslabs.com/intracranial-aneurysm/

  All patients should be monitored in the intensive care unit after an intracerebral aneurysm. […] A complete neurologic assessment is performed initially and includes evaluation for the following: Altered level of consciousness, Sluggish pupillary reaction, Motor and sensory dysfunction, Cranial nerve deficits (extraocular eye movements, facial droop, presence of ptosis), Speech difficulties and visual disturbance, Headache and nuchal rigidity or other neurologic deficits. […] Based on the assessment data, the patients major nursing diagnoses may include the following: Ineffective tissue perfusion related to bleeding or vasospasm, Disturbed sensory perception related to medically imposed restrictions, Anxiety related to illness and/or medically imposed restrictions (aneurysm precautions).

• #30 Intracranial (Cerebral) Aneurysm Nursing Care Management and Study Guide

  https://nurseslabs.com/intracranial-aneurysm/

  The goals for the patient may include: Improve cerebral tissue perfusion, Relief of sensory and perceptual deprivation, Relief of anxiety, Absence of complications. […] All patients should be monitored in the intensive care unit after an intracerebral hemorrhage. […] Monitor closely for neurologic deterioration, and maintain a neurologic ow record. […] Implement aneurysm precautions (immediate and absolute bed rest in a quiet, nonstressful setting; restrict visitors, except for family). […] Provide the patient and family with information to promote cooperation with the care and required activity restrictions and prepare them for the patients return home. […] The patient and the family are provided with information that will enable them to cooperate with the care and restrictions required to prepare them to return home.

• #31 Brain aneurysm – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/brain-aneurysm/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20361595

  Our caring team of Mayo Clinic experts can help you with your brain aneurysm-related health concerns […] Repairing a ruptured aneurysm requires surgery or endovascular treatment. Endovascular treatment means an aneurysm is treated from inside the artery. You also may be given treatments to relieve symptoms. […] A surgical clip, an endovascular coil or a flow diverter can be used to seal off an unruptured brain aneurysm. This can help prevent a future rupture. However, the risk of rupture may be extremely low in some unruptured aneurysms, and the known risks of the procedures may outweigh the potential benefits. […] Rehabilitative therapy may be used after a brain aneurysm ruptures. Damage to the brain from a subarachnoid hemorrhage may result in the need for physical, speech and occupational therapy to relearn skills.

• #32

  https://www.nursingcenter.com/lnc/ce_articleprint?an=01271211-201207000-00007

  Risk factors associated with degenerative aortic aneurysms include aging, smoking, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, hyperlipidemia, male gender, and family history. […] Aneurysm rupture is catastrophic and associated with a poor prognosis. Rupture usually results in bleeding into the retroperitoneal space, where a tamponade effect is exerted by adjacent structures. Patients with aneurysm rupture typically have acute abdominal or back pain and signs of hemorrhagic shock. These patients need immediate surgical resection of the aneurysm. […] Medical treatment is indicated for slow-growing aneurysms, especially in the early stages. Medical treatment includes management of cardiovascular risk factors including hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, obesity, and inactivity. […] Aneurysm size is carefully monitored for expansion at least every 6 to 12 months using palpation, abdominal X-rays, ultrasound, or CT scans.

• #33

  https://www.nursingcenter.com/lnc/ce_articleprint?an=01271211-201207000-00007

  Indications for surgical repair of aortic aneurysms include: aneurysm diameter greater than 5.5 cm, aneurysm diameter of 4 to 5 cm in young patients who are otherwise healthy and have less surgical risk, and also in women because AAAs have been shown to rupture at a smaller diameter in women when compared to men, rapidly expanding aneurysm (growth rate greater than 0.5 cm over a 6-month period), symptomatic aneurysm of any size. […] After the procedure, the patient may be transferred to the postanesthesia care unit or may go directly to the ICU. In the immediate postoperative phase, monitor the patient for adequate ventilation and tissue perfusion, signs and symptoms of hemorrhage, and administer medications to relieve pain and anxiety. […] Priorities postoperatively include monitoring and preventing complications commonly associated with major surgery: respiratory compromise, hemodynamic instability, infection, and ileus. The goal is to return patients to their normal preoperative function and daily activities as soon as possible. […] By understanding the risk factors, pathophysiology, and management of aortic aneurysms, you can help patients receive optimal care.

• #34 Abdominal aortic aneurysm – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/abdominal-aortic-aneurysm/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20350693

  Abdominal aortic aneurysm care at Mayo Clinic […] Our caring team of Mayo Clinic experts can help you with your abdominal aortic aneurysm-related health concerns […] The goal of abdominal aortic aneurysm treatment is to prevent an aneurysm from rupturing. Treatment may involve: […] Frequent health checkups and imaging, called medical monitoring or watchful waiting. […] Surgery to repair an abdominal aortic aneurysm is generally recommended if the aneurysm is 1.9 to 2.2 inches (4.8 to 5.6 centimeters) or larger, or if it’s growing quickly. […] Repair surgery also may be recommended if you have symptoms such as stomach pain or have a leaking, tender or painful aneurysm. […] The type of surgery done depends on: […] Abdominal aortic aneurysm treatment options may include: […] Endovascular repair. This treatment is most often used to repair an abdominal aortic aneurysm.

• #35 Abdominal aortic aneurysm – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/abdominal-aortic-aneurysm/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20350693

  Abdominal aortic aneurysm care at Mayo Clinic […] Our caring team of Mayo Clinic experts can help you with your abdominal aortic aneurysm-related health concerns […] The goal of abdominal aortic aneurysm treatment is to prevent an aneurysm from rupturing. Treatment may involve: […] Frequent health checkups and imaging, called medical monitoring or watchful waiting. […] Surgery to repair an abdominal aortic aneurysm is generally recommended if the aneurysm is 1.9 to 2.2 inches (4.8 to 5.6 centimeters) or larger, or if it’s growing quickly. […] Repair surgery also may be recommended if you have symptoms such as stomach pain or have a leaking, tender or painful aneurysm. […] The type of surgery done depends on: […] Abdominal aortic aneurysm treatment options may include: […] Endovascular repair. This treatment is most often used to repair an abdominal aortic aneurysm.

• #36 Care and Treatment Options for Aneurysms | American Geriatrics Society | HealthInAging.org

  https://www.healthinaging.org/a-z-topic/aneurysms/care-treatment

  If a person has an aneurysm, the healthcare provider may watch it closely to see if it gets larger over time. This is called watchful waiting. […] The healthcare provider will order ultrasounds every 3 to 12 months. The time period depends on the aneurysms size and location. […] A very large aneurysm may need to be repaired immediately before it leaks or ruptures. […] During watchful waiting, the healthcare provider may prescribe high blood pressure medications to help keep the aneurysm from growing larger. The medications will decrease the force of blood flowing against artery walls. […] The healthcare provider may also prescribe anticoagulants (blood thinners) to help prevent blood clots from forming near the aneurysm. […] Surgery may be needed to repair an aneurysm once it reaches a certain size, grows too rapidly, presses on other important parts of body, or causes symptoms.

• #37 Watchful Waiting for Aortic Aneurysm | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/aortic-aneurysm/treatments/watchful-waiting-for-aortic-aneurysm

  Your NYU Langone doctor may recommend watchful waiting for an aortic aneurysm if it doesnt appear to be growing quickly and is considered to be small. This means your doctor monitors you for any changes in signs or symptoms. […] Most aortic aneurysms are slow growing and dont reach a size that warrants surgerytypically 5.5 cm in width if it is a thoracic aneurysm and 5 to 5.5 cm if it is an abdominal aneurysm. Fewer than half of people with abdominal aortic aneurysms require surgery within three years of diagnosis. […] During watchful waiting, your doctor monitors the aneurysm with CT or MRI scans every 6 to 12 months to look for changes in its size or shape. You may also be prescribed medications to lower your blood pressure or cholesterol levels, which can help slow the growth of the aneurysm. […] If you have any unexplained back, chest, or abdominal pain, its important to report it to your doctor immediately and go to the nearest emergency department, because you may be experiencing a tear or rupture.

• #38

  https://www.nursingcenter.com/lnc/ce_articleprint?an=01271211-201207000-00007

  Indications for surgical repair of aortic aneurysms include: aneurysm diameter greater than 5.5 cm, aneurysm diameter of 4 to 5 cm in young patients who are otherwise healthy and have less surgical risk, and also in women because AAAs have been shown to rupture at a smaller diameter in women when compared to men, rapidly expanding aneurysm (growth rate greater than 0.5 cm over a 6-month period), symptomatic aneurysm of any size. […] After the procedure, the patient may be transferred to the postanesthesia care unit or may go directly to the ICU. In the immediate postoperative phase, monitor the patient for adequate ventilation and tissue perfusion, signs and symptoms of hemorrhage, and administer medications to relieve pain and anxiety. […] Priorities postoperatively include monitoring and preventing complications commonly associated with major surgery: respiratory compromise, hemodynamic instability, infection, and ileus. The goal is to return patients to their normal preoperative function and daily activities as soon as possible. […] By understanding the risk factors, pathophysiology, and management of aortic aneurysms, you can help patients receive optimal care.

• #39 Abdominal aortic aneurysm – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/abdominal-aortic-aneurysm/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20350693

  Abdominal aortic aneurysm care at Mayo Clinic […] Our caring team of Mayo Clinic experts can help you with your abdominal aortic aneurysm-related health concerns […] The goal of abdominal aortic aneurysm treatment is to prevent an aneurysm from rupturing. Treatment may involve: […] Frequent health checkups and imaging, called medical monitoring or watchful waiting. […] Surgery to repair an abdominal aortic aneurysm is generally recommended if the aneurysm is 1.9 to 2.2 inches (4.8 to 5.6 centimeters) or larger, or if it’s growing quickly. […] Repair surgery also may be recommended if you have symptoms such as stomach pain or have a leaking, tender or painful aneurysm. […] The type of surgery done depends on: […] Abdominal aortic aneurysm treatment options may include: […] Endovascular repair. This treatment is most often used to repair an abdominal aortic aneurysm.

• #40 Aneurysm: What It Is, Types, Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22769-aneurysm

  Large aneurysms at risk of bursting may require surgery. You’ll also need surgery if an aneurysm bursts. Types of surgery may include: Endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR), Open surgery, Endovascular coiling, Microvascular clipping, Catheter embolization. […] An aneurysm can occur in any of the arteries in your body. Your provider can monitor and treat an aneurysm to reduce the risk of it bursting. If an aneurysm does rupture, its a medical emergency. You need to seek medical attention immediately.

• #41 Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Treatment of Unruptured Aneurysms, Initial Management

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1979501-treatment

  Patients with AAAs 5-6 cm in diameter may benefit from repair, especially if they have other contributing factors for rupture. […] The 2018 SVS guidelines recommended elective repair for patients at low or acceptable surgical risk who have a fusiform AAA that is 5.5 cm or larger, as well as for patients who present with a saccular aneurysm. […] Contraindications for operative intervention of AAAs include severe COPD, severe cardiac disease, active infection, and medical problems that preclude operative intervention. These patients may be most likely to benefit from endovascular stenting of the aneurysm. […] Prehospital care of patients having symptoms compatible with or suggestive of AAA or aortic dissection consists of ensuring adequate breathing, maintaining oxygenation, treating shock, and obtaining useful information concerning the history to expedite treatment on arrival at the emergency department.

• #42 Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Treatment of Unruptured Aneurysms, Initial Management

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1979501-treatment

  Open repair of AAAs and thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAAs) has a mortality of about 4%, with myocardial infarction (MI) being a frequent cause of death. […] Before the procedure, it is important to obtain a careful history and perform a physical examination and laboratory assessment. […] Antibiotics (usually a cephalosporin, such as cefazolin, 2 g IV piggyback) are administered to reduce the risk of infection. […] EVAR has since become an established and increasingly popular alternative to open repair. […] Endovascular repair of an AAA involves gaining access to the lumen of the abdominal aorta, usually via small incisions or percutaneous access over the femoral vessels. […] The graft serves to contain aortic flow and decrease the pressure on the aortic wall, leading to a reduction in AAA size over time and a decrease in the risk of aortic rupture. […] Patients should be informed about the potential problems before a graft is implanted.

• #43 Abdominal aortic aneurysm – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/abdominal-aortic-aneurysm/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20350693

  Abdominal aortic aneurysm care at Mayo Clinic […] Our caring team of Mayo Clinic experts can help you with your abdominal aortic aneurysm-related health concerns […] The goal of abdominal aortic aneurysm treatment is to prevent an aneurysm from rupturing. Treatment may involve: […] Frequent health checkups and imaging, called medical monitoring or watchful waiting. […] Surgery to repair an abdominal aortic aneurysm is generally recommended if the aneurysm is 1.9 to 2.2 inches (4.8 to 5.6 centimeters) or larger, or if it’s growing quickly. […] Repair surgery also may be recommended if you have symptoms such as stomach pain or have a leaking, tender or painful aneurysm. […] The type of surgery done depends on: […] Abdominal aortic aneurysm treatment options may include: […] Endovascular repair. This treatment is most often used to repair an abdominal aortic aneurysm.

• #44 Abdominal aortic aneurysm – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/abdominal-aortic-aneurysm/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20350693

  Open surgery. This is major surgery. A surgeon removes the damaged part of the aorta and replaces it with a graft, which is sewn into place. […] Long-term survival rates are similar for both endovascular surgery and open surgery. […] Your healthcare professional may tell you to avoid heavy lifting and vigorous physical activity. […] Emotional stress also can raise blood pressure. Try to avoid conflict and stressful situations. […] Make an appointment with your healthcare professional if you are concerned about your risk of an abdominal aortic aneurysm. […] Don’t hesitate to ask other questions.

• #45 Aneurysm: What It Is, Types, Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22769-aneurysm

  Large aneurysms at risk of bursting may require surgery. You’ll also need surgery if an aneurysm bursts. Types of surgery may include: Endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR), Open surgery, Endovascular coiling, Microvascular clipping, Catheter embolization. […] An aneurysm can occur in any of the arteries in your body. Your provider can monitor and treat an aneurysm to reduce the risk of it bursting. If an aneurysm does rupture, its a medical emergency. You need to seek medical attention immediately.

• #46

  https://www.nursingcenter.com/lnc/ce_articleprint?an=01271211-201207000-00007

  Indications for surgical repair of aortic aneurysms include: aneurysm diameter greater than 5.5 cm, aneurysm diameter of 4 to 5 cm in young patients who are otherwise healthy and have less surgical risk, and also in women because AAAs have been shown to rupture at a smaller diameter in women when compared to men, rapidly expanding aneurysm (growth rate greater than 0.5 cm over a 6-month period), symptomatic aneurysm of any size. […] After the procedure, the patient may be transferred to the postanesthesia care unit or may go directly to the ICU. In the immediate postoperative phase, monitor the patient for adequate ventilation and tissue perfusion, signs and symptoms of hemorrhage, and administer medications to relieve pain and anxiety. […] Priorities postoperatively include monitoring and preventing complications commonly associated with major surgery: respiratory compromise, hemodynamic instability, infection, and ileus. The goal is to return patients to their normal preoperative function and daily activities as soon as possible. […] By understanding the risk factors, pathophysiology, and management of aortic aneurysms, you can help patients receive optimal care.

• #47 Aortic aneurysm: Causes, clues, and treatment options

  https://www.myamericannurse.com/aortic-aneurysm-causes-clues-and-treatment-options/

  When caring for a patient recovering from EVAR, stay alert for arrhythmias. Closely monitor the circulation, temperature, and color of extremities and watch for edema. Document the patients vital signs, respiratory status, and fluid balance regularly. Note complaints of fatigue or acute pain of abrupt onset. […] Assess the patients and familys emotional status. Discovery of an aneurysm and the stress of choosing a treatment plan can be overwhelming. Listen closely and watch for nonverbal signs of anxiety, such as nervousness, agitation, irritability, and restlessness. […] Be aware that patients may be concerned about loss of control. They may be used to managing their home and professional lives; to suddenly find out they have a serious condition may be devastating. Also, they may sense something bad is going to happen. Stay alert for trembling and shakingor, conversely, denial of obvious tension or anxiety. When you combine your nursing knowledge and skills with compassion, you can help ensure optimal recovery for patients who have had aortic aneurysms.

• #48

  https://www.nursingcenter.com/lnc/ce_articleprint?an=01271211-201207000-00007

  Indications for surgical repair of aortic aneurysms include: aneurysm diameter greater than 5.5 cm, aneurysm diameter of 4 to 5 cm in young patients who are otherwise healthy and have less surgical risk, and also in women because AAAs have been shown to rupture at a smaller diameter in women when compared to men, rapidly expanding aneurysm (growth rate greater than 0.5 cm over a 6-month period), symptomatic aneurysm of any size. […] After the procedure, the patient may be transferred to the postanesthesia care unit or may go directly to the ICU. In the immediate postoperative phase, monitor the patient for adequate ventilation and tissue perfusion, signs and symptoms of hemorrhage, and administer medications to relieve pain and anxiety. […] Priorities postoperatively include monitoring and preventing complications commonly associated with major surgery: respiratory compromise, hemodynamic instability, infection, and ileus. The goal is to return patients to their normal preoperative function and daily activities as soon as possible. […] By understanding the risk factors, pathophysiology, and management of aortic aneurysms, you can help patients receive optimal care.

• #49 Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Nursing Care Plan & Management

  https://www.rnpedia.com/nursing-notes/medical-surgical-nursing-notes/abdominal-aortic-aneurysm/

  Instruct the client that if severe back or abdominal pain or fullness, soreness over the umbilicus, sudden development of discoloration in the extremities, or a persistent elevation of BP occurs to notify the physician immediately. […] Monitor vital signs. […] Assess risk factors for the arterial disease process. […] Observe for signs of rupture. […] Monitor for abdominal distention. […] The appearance of abdominal wound (color, temperature, intactness, drainage). […] The presence of complications: Hypotension, hypertension, cardiac dysrhythmias, low urine output, thrombophlebitis, infection, graft occlusion, changes in consciousness, aneurysm rupture, excessive anxiety, poor wound healing. […] Explain the need to keep the surgical wound clean and dry. […] Instruct the patient to lift nothing heavier than 5 pounds for about 6 to 12 weeks and to avoid driving until her or his physician permits.

• #50 Brain aneurysm – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/brain-aneurysm/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20361595

  Our caring team of Mayo Clinic experts can help you with your brain aneurysm-related health concerns […] Repairing a ruptured aneurysm requires surgery or endovascular treatment. Endovascular treatment means an aneurysm is treated from inside the artery. You also may be given treatments to relieve symptoms. […] A surgical clip, an endovascular coil or a flow diverter can be used to seal off an unruptured brain aneurysm. This can help prevent a future rupture. However, the risk of rupture may be extremely low in some unruptured aneurysms, and the known risks of the procedures may outweigh the potential benefits. […] Rehabilitative therapy may be used after a brain aneurysm ruptures. Damage to the brain from a subarachnoid hemorrhage may result in the need for physical, speech and occupational therapy to relearn skills.

• #51 Aneurysm and Hemorrhage Care in Houston | St. Luke’s Health | St. Luke’s Health

  https://www.stlukeshealth.org/services-specialties/neurology-neurosurgery/neurological-conditions/cerebrovascular-disorders/aneurysms-hemorrhages

  An aneurysm is a bulge or ballooning in a weakened blood vessel wall, which can potentially rupture and cause serious health problems or even be life-threatening. […] If an aneurysm ruptures or „pops,” it can cause bleeding in the affected area and can potentially be life-threatening. Emergency medical treatment is necessary if an aneurysm ruptures, and the outcome can depend on the size, location, and severity of the rupture, as well as the promptness and effectiveness of the medical response. […] St. Lukes Health neurosurgeons specialize in open microsurgery for the treatment of hemorrhages (ruptured blood vessels). […] Recovering from an aneurysm can be a challenging process, but there are some things you can do to help make the recovery smoother. Here are some tips: Follow your doctor’s instructions: It is important to follow all instructions provided by your doctor, including any medication regimens, physical therapy, or other treatment plans. […] Attend all follow-up appointments with your healthcare provider to monitor your progress and make any necessary adjustments to your treatment plan.

• #52

  https://www.sahealth.com/specialties/cardiology/aortic-aneurysm

  We encourage participation in a cardiac rehabilitation program during your recovery period. […] Remember to make lifestyle changes even after surgery such as eating well and subscribing to a healthy diet, smoking cessation and engaging in moderate physical activity. […] Postoperative restrictions will differ from person to person, but your surgeon will advise you on any restrictions before discharge. Some lifestyle choices that are typically recommended include: Cardiac rehabilitation, Daily walking, Eating healthy, including incorporating fruits, vegetables and whole grains, Eliminating smoking and alcohol usage.

• #53 Living with an Aortic Aneurysm | CommonSpirit Health

  https://www.chisaintjosephhealth.org/blogs/living-with-an-aortic-aneurysm

  Keeping blood pressure under control is crucial for individuals with an aortic aneurysm. High blood pressure can exert additional stress on the weakened vessel walls, potentially accelerating aneurysm growth. Regular monitoring and medication management, if necessary, can help maintain safe blood pressure levels. […] A heart-healthy diet plays a pivotal role in managing an aortic aneurysm. Reducing sodium intake helps lower blood pressure, while incorporating foods rich in potassium, such as bananas and leafy greens, can promote heart health. A balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains and lean proteins supports overall cardiovascular wellness. […] Physical activity, when done in moderation, can be beneficial for individuals with an aortic aneurysm. Low-impact exercises like walking, swimming and yoga can help improve cardiovascular fitness without placing excessive strain on the aneurysm. Always consult a health care professional before beginning any exercise regimen.

• #54 Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (Nursing) – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK568681/

  The patient’s blood pressure should be within 120/90. By controlling blood pressure and reducing modifiable risk factors as mentioned above, one can lower the risk of progression and rupture. […] Monitoring […] Check blood pressure at every clinic visit after discharge. […] Ensure wound is clean, dry, and healed. […] Ensure patient has distal leg pulses. […] Continue to recommend avoidance of tobacco. […] Coordination of Care […] A team approach of emergency nurses, emergency physicians, and a vascular surgeon will facilitate rapid evaluation and treatment and improve outcomes. Referral to a vascular center that can provide a standard of care management is appropriate. […] Health Teaching and Health Promotion […] Discontinue smoking. […] Control blood pressure (120/90).

• #55 Integrated Aortic Program | Thoracic Aneurysm Program

  https://www.valleyhealth.com/services/integrated-aortic-program

  Valleys Integrated Aortic Program offers regular follow-up and careful management to ensure you receive high quality care based on the latest evidence. […] Every patient in the Integrated Aortic Program receives an individualized treatment plan that includes managing risk factors such as high blood pressure and high cholesterol. […] Patients also receive personalized education on safe activities and lifting with an aneurysm. […] For most patients, regular surveillance combined with risk factor management is enough treatment to safely manage their aneurysm. […] Our team and your cardiologist will stay in close contact and remain on the same page regarding your care. […] Education is an important aspect of care, and we offer education on nutrition, stress management, and safe exercise with a thoracic aneurysm.

• #56 Aneurysms | Condition | UT Southwestern Medical Center

  https://utswmed.org/conditions-treatments/aneurysms/

  When it comes to evaluating and treating aneurysms and providing effective minimally invasive approaches to their management UT Southwestern Medical Center has one of the most experienced groups of neurosurgeons, vascular surgeons, and interventional radiologists in the U.S. […] Working together, our team coordinates complete care from imaging evaluation to post-procedure follow-up maintaining a high level of communication with patients throughout the process. […] UT Southwesterns multidisciplinary approach to treating aneurysms involving interventional radiologists, vascular surgeons, and neurosurgeons, depending on the type of aneurysm allows us to provide expert care for all types of aneurysms. […] Our interventional radiologists specialize in treating aneurysms and the areas of the body they affect. These specialists have advanced fellowship training in interventional radiology, plus extensive real-world experience.

• #57 Integrated Aortic Program | Thoracic Aneurysm Program

  https://www.valleyhealth.com/services/integrated-aortic-program

  Living with an aortic aneurysm can be stressful, but when managed properly, patients can enjoy an excellent quality of life. […] Our well-established diagnostic, surgical and surveillance program offers comprehensive care for patients with aortic aneurysm. […] Our cardiology department embraces a holistic approach focused on and tailored to each patient, and the team is committed to high-quality care and patient safety, using leading-edge research to offer patients the latest treatments and clinical advice. […] Accurate imaging is important to establish a diagnosis and determine the best treatment for an aortic aneurysm. […] Our specialized aortic radiologists review images with the rest of the programs clinical team to help personalize the recommendations and treatment plan for each patient.

• #58 7 Aortic Aneurysm Nursing Care Plan – Nurseslabs

  https://nurseslabs.com/aortic-aneurysm-nursing-care-plan/

  Use this nursing care plan and management guide to help care for patients with aortic aneurysm. Enhance your understanding of nursing assessment, interventions, goals, and nursing diagnosis, all specifically tailored to address the unique needs of individuals facing aortic aneurysm. […] Following a thorough assessment, a nursing diagnosis is formulated to specifically address the challenges associated with aortic aneurysm based on the nurses clinical judgement and understanding of the patients unique health condition. […] Goals and expected outcomes may include: The client will verbalize strategies to reduce his anxiety level. The client will demonstrate a positive coping method. The client or significant others verbalize understanding of disease process, treatment options, and goals of therapy. The client will maintain adequate cardiac output, as evidenced by HR of 60 to 100 beats per minute, normotensive BP, palpable pulse, clear lung sounds, urine output of more than 30 ml/hr, and normal level of consciousness. The client will maintain adequate tissue perfusion as evidenced by strong palpable pulses; warm, dry extremities; BP within the normal range for the client; urinary output greater than or equal to 30 ml/hr; alert, normal level of consciousness; normal bowel sounds; absence of abdominal or chest pain. The client will have a reduced risk for complications from progressive dissection or rupture as a result of early detection of symptoms and appropriate intervention.

• #59 Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Aortic Aneurysm | Free NURSING.com Courses

  https://nursing.com/lesson/nursing-care-plan-for-aortic-aneurysm

  An aortic aneurysm is a serious condition involving the aorta, the largest blood vessel in the body that carries blood from the heart to the rest of the body. […] The danger of an aortic aneurysm is that it might burst or rupture, which can be life-threatening, much like if the main water pipe bursts, it can cause a major crisis. The risk of an aneurysm bursting increases as it gets bigger. […] Treatment depends on the size and growth rate of the aneurysm and may include regular monitoring, medication, or surgery to repair the weakened section of the aorta. […] Empower individuals with aortic aneurysm to actively participate in their care, including adherence to prescribed medications, lifestyle modifications, and regular follow-up appointments. Promote awareness of potential complications and the importance of seeking immediate medical attention for concerning symptoms.

• #60

  https://www.nursingcenter.com/lnc/ce_articleprint?an=01271211-201207000-00007

  Indications for surgical repair of aortic aneurysms include: aneurysm diameter greater than 5.5 cm, aneurysm diameter of 4 to 5 cm in young patients who are otherwise healthy and have less surgical risk, and also in women because AAAs have been shown to rupture at a smaller diameter in women when compared to men, rapidly expanding aneurysm (growth rate greater than 0.5 cm over a 6-month period), symptomatic aneurysm of any size. […] After the procedure, the patient may be transferred to the postanesthesia care unit or may go directly to the ICU. In the immediate postoperative phase, monitor the patient for adequate ventilation and tissue perfusion, signs and symptoms of hemorrhage, and administer medications to relieve pain and anxiety. […] Priorities postoperatively include monitoring and preventing complications commonly associated with major surgery: respiratory compromise, hemodynamic instability, infection, and ileus. The goal is to return patients to their normal preoperative function and daily activities as soon as possible. […] By understanding the risk factors, pathophysiology, and management of aortic aneurysms, you can help patients receive optimal care.

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