Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Esophageal spasms – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/esophageal-spasms/symptoms-causes/syc-20372250

  Esophageal spasms are painful contractions in the muscular tube connecting the mouth and stomach, called the esophagus. Esophageal spasms can feel like sudden, bad chest pain that lasts from a few minutes to hours. Some people may mistake it for heart pain, also called angina. […] Symptoms of esophageal spasms include: […] Squeezing pain in the chest. The pain is often intense and might be mistaken for heart pain or heartburn. […] Difficulty swallowing solids and liquids, sometimes related to swallowing specific substances. Red wine or extremely hot or cold liquids are more common culprits. […] The feeling that an object is stuck in the throat. […] The return of food and liquids back up the esophagus, also called regurgitation. […] Esophageal spasms usually happen only now and then, and they might not need treatment. But sometimes the spasms happen a lot and can prevent food and liquids from traveling through the esophagus. If esophageal spasms affect the ability to eat or drink, treatments are available. […] There are two types of esophageal spasms distal esophageal spasm and hypercontractile esophagus, also known as nutcracker esophagus.

• #2 Esophageal spasm – UF Health

  https://ufhealth.org/conditions-and-treatments/esophageal-spasm

  Esophageal spasms are abnormal contractions of the muscles in the esophagus, the tube that carries food from the mouth to the stomach. These spasms do not move food effectively to the stomach. […] Symptoms may include: Problems swallowing or pain with swallowing, Pain in the chest or upper abdomen. It can be hard to tell a spasm from angina pectoris, a symptom of heart disease. The pain may spread to the neck, jaw, arms, or back. […] An esophageal spasm may come and go (intermittent) or last for a long time (chronic). Medicine can help relieve symptoms.

• #3 Esophageal spasms – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/esophageal-spasms/symptoms-causes/syc-20372250

  Esophageal spasms are painful contractions in the muscular tube connecting the mouth and stomach, called the esophagus. Esophageal spasms can feel like sudden, bad chest pain that lasts from a few minutes to hours. Some people may mistake it for heart pain, also called angina. […] Symptoms of esophageal spasms include: […] Squeezing pain in the chest. The pain is often intense and might be mistaken for heart pain or heartburn. […] Difficulty swallowing solids and liquids, sometimes related to swallowing specific substances. Red wine or extremely hot or cold liquids are more common culprits. […] The feeling that an object is stuck in the throat. […] The return of food and liquids back up the esophagus, also called regurgitation. […] Esophageal spasms usually happen only now and then, and they might not need treatment. But sometimes the spasms happen a lot and can prevent food and liquids from traveling through the esophagus. If esophageal spasms affect the ability to eat or drink, treatments are available. […] There are two types of esophageal spasms distal esophageal spasm and hypercontractile esophagus, also known as nutcracker esophagus.

• #4 Esophageal spasm – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esophageal_spasm

  The symptoms may include trouble swallowing, regurgitation, chest pain, heartburn, globus pharyngeus (which is a feeling that something is stuck in the throat) or a dry cough. […] When the coordinated muscle contraction are irregular or uncoordinated, this condition may be called diffuse esophageal spasm. These spasms can prevent food from reaching the stomach where food gets stuck in the esophagus. At other times the coordinated muscle contraction is very powerful, which is called nutcracker esophagus. These contractions move food through the esophagus but can cause severe pain. […] Distal esophageal spasm is rare.

• #5 Esophageal Spasms: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment & Medication

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15575-esophageal-spasms

  Esophageal spasms are problems with muscles in your esophagus, the tube that takes food and drink to your stomach after you swallow. Spasms may cause minor to severe symptoms, including difficulty swallowing and chest pain. […] The two most common symptoms of esophageal spasms are difficulty swallowing (dysphagia) and noncardiac chest pain. But not all cases cause symptoms. […] In some cases, esophageal spasms can cause chest pain that feels like you’re having a heart attack. Call your provider or seek immediate medical care if you experience worsening, unexplained chest pain for more than five minutes. […] Esophageal spasm symptoms may be mild or severe. They may start at specific times, like after eating. Sometimes, they come on suddenly, out of nowhere. Once spasms start, they may last for a few minutes or more than one hour.

• #6 Esophageal Spasm: Causes, Symptoms, Treatments, & Diagnosis

  https://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/what-is-esophageal-spasm

  The main symptoms are difficulty swallowing and chest pain. The spasms can be severe enough to wake you from sleep and may feel like a heart attack. […] Other symptoms of esophageal spasms can include: Feeling like something is stuck in your throat, Backward flowing of food or drink (regurgitation), Heartburn. […] Very hot foods or liquids may trigger spasms or make them worse. Use of certain medications, like narcotic pain relievers (opiates), may cause spasms in some people. […] If you have repeated episodes of chest pain but your doctor has ruled out heart problems and GERD, talk to them about this condition. Esophageal spasms that come and go sometimes take years to diagnose.

• #7 Esophageal spasms – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/esophageal-spasms/symptoms-causes/syc-20372250

  Esophageal spasms are painful contractions in the muscular tube connecting the mouth and stomach, called the esophagus. Esophageal spasms can feel like sudden, bad chest pain that lasts from a few minutes to hours. Some people may mistake it for heart pain, also called angina. […] Symptoms of esophageal spasms include: […] Squeezing pain in the chest. The pain is often intense and might be mistaken for heart pain or heartburn. […] Difficulty swallowing solids and liquids, sometimes related to swallowing specific substances. Red wine or extremely hot or cold liquids are more common culprits. […] The feeling that an object is stuck in the throat. […] The return of food and liquids back up the esophagus, also called regurgitation. […] Esophageal spasms usually happen only now and then, and they might not need treatment. But sometimes the spasms happen a lot and can prevent food and liquids from traveling through the esophagus. If esophageal spasms affect the ability to eat or drink, treatments are available. […] There are two types of esophageal spasms distal esophageal spasm and hypercontractile esophagus, also known as nutcracker esophagus.

• #8 Esophageal spasms | UM Health-Sparrow

  https://www.uofmhealthsparrow.org/departments-conditions/conditions/esophageal-spasms

  Esophageal spasms can feel like sudden, bad chest pain that lasts from a few minutes to hours. […] Symptoms of esophageal spasms include: Squeezing pain in the chest. The pain is often intense and might be mistaken for heart pain or heartburn. […] Difficulty swallowing solids and liquids, sometimes related to swallowing specific substances. Red wine or extremely hot or cold liquids are more common culprits. […] The feeling that an object is stuck in the throat. […] The return of food and liquids back up the esophagus, also called regurgitation. […] Treatment depends on how often the esophageal spasms happen and how bad they are. […] If your spasms make it difficult to eat or drink, your provider might recommend: Managing any underlying conditions. […] Medicines to relax your swallowing muscles.

• #9 Esophageal Spasms: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment & Medication

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15575-esophageal-spasms

  If you have esophageal spasms you may have chest pain that feels like: Squeezing, tightening, pressure or heaviness, especially behind your breastbone (sternum). […] Esophageal spasms sometimes cause chest pain or trouble swallowing. But providers don’t consider the condition a serious threat to your health. […] The prognosis of esophageal spasms varies based on the severity of your symptoms. Many people experience few or minor symptoms from esophageal spasms. Treatments improve esophageal spasm symptoms considerably.

• #10 Esophageal Spasms: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment & Medication

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15575-esophageal-spasms

  If you have esophageal spasms you may have chest pain that feels like: Squeezing, tightening, pressure or heaviness, especially behind your breastbone (sternum). […] Esophageal spasms sometimes cause chest pain or trouble swallowing. But providers don’t consider the condition a serious threat to your health. […] The prognosis of esophageal spasms varies based on the severity of your symptoms. Many people experience few or minor symptoms from esophageal spasms. Treatments improve esophageal spasm symptoms considerably.

• #11 Esophageal Spasm

  https://www.stlukesonline.org/health-services/health-information/healthwise/2017/06/27/13/30/esophageal-spasm

  Esophageal spasm means that contractions of the esophagus are irregular, uncoordinated, and sometimes powerful. […] Most people with this condition have chest pain that may spread outward to the arms, back, neck, or jaw. This pain can feel similar to a heart attack. […] Other symptoms include difficulty or inability to swallow food or liquid, pain with swallowing, the feeling that food is caught in the center of the chest, and a burning sensation in the chest (heartburn).

• #12 Esophageal Spasm Ocala, FL

  https://ocalaflwomenshealth.com/womens-health/healthwise?DOCHWID=ut1638spec

  Esophageal spasm means that contractions of the esophagus are irregular, uncoordinated, and sometimes powerful. This condition may be called diffuse esophageal spasm, or DES. These spasms can prevent food from reaching the stomach. When this happens, the food gets stuck in the esophagus. […] Most people with this condition have chest pain that may spread outward to the arms, back, neck, or jaw. This pain can feel similar to a heart attack. If you have chest pain, you should be evaluated by a doctor as soon as possible to rule out or treat cardiac disease. […] Other symptoms include difficulty or inability to swallow food or liquid, pain with swallowing, the feeling that food is caught in the center of the chest, and a burning sensation in the chest (heartburn).

• #13 Esophageal Spasms And Anxiety – AnxietyCentre.com

  https://www.anxietycentre.com/anxiety-disorders/symptoms/esophageal-spasms-anxiety/

  Esophageal Spasms, such as a sudden chest pain or “flutter” that can radiate to the back, neck, jaw, throat, and arms, are not as common as other anxiety symptoms, but they can occur for some anxious and stressed people. Esophageal Spasms are particularly prevalent anxiety and panic attack symptoms. […] There are two types of esophageal spasms: Occasional contractions (diffuse esophageal spasms) – This type of esophageal spasm can be painful and is often accompanied by regurgitation of food or liquids. […] Painfully strong contractions (“nutcracker” or “jackhammer” esophagus) – This type of spasm produces severe pain but generally doesn’t cause regurgitation of food or liquids. […] Common esophageal spasm symptom descriptions – what it feels like when your esophagus spasms: You have a sudden chest pain that can radiate to the back, neck, jaw, throat, and arms. This pain can be so strong that it mimics a heart attack.

• #14 Esophageal Spasm (Nutcracker Esophagus): What To Know

  https://www.health.com/esophageal-spasm-8667542

  Esophageal spasm symptoms can resemble those of a heart attack, causing painful muscle contractions in the chest and upper abdomen. The pain is retrosternal (behind the breastbone) and feels crushing, squeezing, or sharp. It begins in the chest and can move to the back. […] Dysphagia (difficulty swallowing) is another sign of esophageal spasm. It may feel like an object is blocking your throat or chest when there’s nothing therea feeling called globus hystericus. […] In what’s sometimes termed diffuse or distal esophageal spasm, there may also be a backflow of stomach acids or undigested foods. Known as regurgitation, this can lead to vomiting and heartburn, a burning sensation in the chest. When chronic and severe, additional symptoms may include voice hoarseness and cough. […] Esophageal spasms can be episodic, though some have persistent, chronic episodes. The symptoms come and go, with attacks lasting a few minutes to one hour or more. Symptoms often develop shortly after eating or drinking hot or cold items but can happen anytime. Because eating becomes difficult, chronic cases can cause unintended weight loss.

• #15 Esophageal spasms | UM Health-Sparrow

  https://www.uofmhealthsparrow.org/departments-conditions/conditions/esophageal-spasms

  Esophageal spasms can feel like sudden, bad chest pain that lasts from a few minutes to hours. […] Symptoms of esophageal spasms include: Squeezing pain in the chest. The pain is often intense and might be mistaken for heart pain or heartburn. […] Difficulty swallowing solids and liquids, sometimes related to swallowing specific substances. Red wine or extremely hot or cold liquids are more common culprits. […] The feeling that an object is stuck in the throat. […] The return of food and liquids back up the esophagus, also called regurgitation. […] Treatment depends on how often the esophageal spasms happen and how bad they are. […] If your spasms make it difficult to eat or drink, your provider might recommend: Managing any underlying conditions. […] Medicines to relax your swallowing muscles.

• #16 Esophageal Spasm Clinical Presentation: History and Physical Examination

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/174975-clinical

  Esophageal spasm usually presents with the following intermittent symptoms: […] Symptoms are usually intermittent and variable from day to day. They may last between minutes and hours. […] Pain may be associated with eating quickly or drinking hot, cold, or carbonated beverages. […] Anxiety and depression are common in these patients. […] Patients with nutcracker esophagus or high-amplitude peristaltic contractions usually present with chest pain, as only 10% experience dysphagia.

• #17 What Are Esophageal Spasms? – Gastroenterology Medical Associates

  https://gastrospecialistsnj.com/what-are-esophageal-spasms/

  One of the commonest symptoms of the esophageal spasm is difficulty in swallowing. It is common in the nutcracker esophagus due to abnormally strong contractions. Difficulty in swallowing is found in around two-thirds of patients with esophageal spasms. […] Backflow of food into the mouth (regurgitation) is mostly seen in diffuse esophageal spasms. This is because uncoordinated contractions lead to poor propulsion of the food bolus.

• #18 Esophageal motor disorders: achalasia and esophageal spasm – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11930515/

  The presentation of esophageal motor disorders may not be clear, particularly when the presenting symptom is chest pain. […] Progressive dysphagia for both solids and liquids is the major symptom of achalasia; other symptoms include regurgitation, chest pain, and nocturnal cough. […] Diffuse esophageal spasm typically causes substernal chest pain with nonprogressive dysphagia and odynophagia for both liquids and solids. […] Dysphagia related to esophageal motility is characterized by a sensation of swallowed food „sticking” in the throat or chest; there is no problem initiating the act of swallowing.

• #19 Esophageal Spasm – Digestive Disorders – Merck Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/digestive-disorders/esophageal-and-swallowing-disorders/esophageal-spasm

  Symptoms include chest pain and difficulty swallowing. […] When it does cause symptoms, muscle spasms throughout the esophagus typically are felt as chest pain under the breastbone coinciding with difficulty swallowing (dysphagia) liquids (especially those that are very hot or cold) and solids. […] Esophageal spasm also may cause severe pain without swallowing difficulty. This pain, often described as a squeezing pain under the breastbone, may accompany exercise or exertion, making it difficult for a doctor to distinguish it from angina (chest pain stemming from heart disease).

• #20 Esophageal motor disorders: achalasia and esophageal spasm – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11930515/

  The presentation of esophageal motor disorders may not be clear, particularly when the presenting symptom is chest pain. […] Progressive dysphagia for both solids and liquids is the major symptom of achalasia; other symptoms include regurgitation, chest pain, and nocturnal cough. […] Diffuse esophageal spasm typically causes substernal chest pain with nonprogressive dysphagia and odynophagia for both liquids and solids. […] Dysphagia related to esophageal motility is characterized by a sensation of swallowed food „sticking” in the throat or chest; there is no problem initiating the act of swallowing.

• #21 Esophageal Spasm: Causes, Symptoms, Treatments, & Diagnosis

  https://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/what-is-esophageal-spasm

  The main symptoms are difficulty swallowing and chest pain. The spasms can be severe enough to wake you from sleep and may feel like a heart attack. […] Other symptoms of esophageal spasms can include: Feeling like something is stuck in your throat, Backward flowing of food or drink (regurgitation), Heartburn. […] Very hot foods or liquids may trigger spasms or make them worse. Use of certain medications, like narcotic pain relievers (opiates), may cause spasms in some people. […] If you have repeated episodes of chest pain but your doctor has ruled out heart problems and GERD, talk to them about this condition. Esophageal spasms that come and go sometimes take years to diagnose.

• #22 Esophageal Spasm – Digestive Disorders – Merck Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/digestive-disorders/esophageal-and-swallowing-disorders/esophageal-spasm

  Symptoms include chest pain and difficulty swallowing. […] When it does cause symptoms, muscle spasms throughout the esophagus typically are felt as chest pain under the breastbone coinciding with difficulty swallowing (dysphagia) liquids (especially those that are very hot or cold) and solids. […] Esophageal spasm also may cause severe pain without swallowing difficulty. This pain, often described as a squeezing pain under the breastbone, may accompany exercise or exertion, making it difficult for a doctor to distinguish it from angina (chest pain stemming from heart disease).

• #23 Esophageal spasms | UM Health-Sparrow

  https://www.uofmhealthsparrow.org/departments-conditions/conditions/esophageal-spasms

  Esophageal spasms can feel like sudden, bad chest pain that lasts from a few minutes to hours. […] Symptoms of esophageal spasms include: Squeezing pain in the chest. The pain is often intense and might be mistaken for heart pain or heartburn. […] Difficulty swallowing solids and liquids, sometimes related to swallowing specific substances. Red wine or extremely hot or cold liquids are more common culprits. […] The feeling that an object is stuck in the throat. […] The return of food and liquids back up the esophagus, also called regurgitation. […] Treatment depends on how often the esophageal spasms happen and how bad they are. […] If your spasms make it difficult to eat or drink, your provider might recommend: Managing any underlying conditions. […] Medicines to relax your swallowing muscles.

• #24 Esophageal Spasm (Nutcracker Esophagus): What To Know

  https://www.health.com/esophageal-spasm-8667542

  Esophageal spasm symptoms can resemble those of a heart attack, causing painful muscle contractions in the chest and upper abdomen. The pain is retrosternal (behind the breastbone) and feels crushing, squeezing, or sharp. It begins in the chest and can move to the back. […] Dysphagia (difficulty swallowing) is another sign of esophageal spasm. It may feel like an object is blocking your throat or chest when there’s nothing therea feeling called globus hystericus. […] In what’s sometimes termed diffuse or distal esophageal spasm, there may also be a backflow of stomach acids or undigested foods. Known as regurgitation, this can lead to vomiting and heartburn, a burning sensation in the chest. When chronic and severe, additional symptoms may include voice hoarseness and cough. […] Esophageal spasms can be episodic, though some have persistent, chronic episodes. The symptoms come and go, with attacks lasting a few minutes to one hour or more. Symptoms often develop shortly after eating or drinking hot or cold items but can happen anytime. Because eating becomes difficult, chronic cases can cause unintended weight loss.

• #25 What Are Esophageal Spasms? – Gastroenterology Medical Associates

  https://gastrospecialistsnj.com/what-are-esophageal-spasms/

  One of the commonest symptoms of the esophageal spasm is difficulty in swallowing. It is common in the nutcracker esophagus due to abnormally strong contractions. Difficulty in swallowing is found in around two-thirds of patients with esophageal spasms. […] Backflow of food into the mouth (regurgitation) is mostly seen in diffuse esophageal spasms. This is because uncoordinated contractions lead to poor propulsion of the food bolus.

• #26 Esophageal spasms – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/esophageal-spasms/symptoms-causes/syc-20372250

  Esophageal spasms are painful contractions in the muscular tube connecting the mouth and stomach, called the esophagus. Esophageal spasms can feel like sudden, bad chest pain that lasts from a few minutes to hours. Some people may mistake it for heart pain, also called angina. […] Symptoms of esophageal spasms include: […] Squeezing pain in the chest. The pain is often intense and might be mistaken for heart pain or heartburn. […] Difficulty swallowing solids and liquids, sometimes related to swallowing specific substances. Red wine or extremely hot or cold liquids are more common culprits. […] The feeling that an object is stuck in the throat. […] The return of food and liquids back up the esophagus, also called regurgitation. […] Esophageal spasms usually happen only now and then, and they might not need treatment. But sometimes the spasms happen a lot and can prevent food and liquids from traveling through the esophagus. If esophageal spasms affect the ability to eat or drink, treatments are available. […] There are two types of esophageal spasms distal esophageal spasm and hypercontractile esophagus, also known as nutcracker esophagus.

• #27 Diffuse Esophageal Spasm | Cedars-Sinai

  https://www.cedars-sinai.org/health-library/diseases-and-conditions/d/diffuse-esophageal-spasm.html

  Many people with this condition experience chest pain. The pain often starts or worsens when eating or drinking very hot foods or liquids, and it may feel similar to the pain of a heart attack. […] Other symptoms include difficulty swallowing and more than half of patients with this condition experience the feeling of food getting stuck inside the center of the chest. Patients may also feel a burning sensation in the center of the chest (heartburn).

• #28 Esophageal Spasm: Causes, Symptoms, Treatments, & Diagnosis

  https://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/what-is-esophageal-spasm

  The main symptoms are difficulty swallowing and chest pain. The spasms can be severe enough to wake you from sleep and may feel like a heart attack. […] Other symptoms of esophageal spasms can include: Feeling like something is stuck in your throat, Backward flowing of food or drink (regurgitation), Heartburn. […] Very hot foods or liquids may trigger spasms or make them worse. Use of certain medications, like narcotic pain relievers (opiates), may cause spasms in some people. […] If you have repeated episodes of chest pain but your doctor has ruled out heart problems and GERD, talk to them about this condition. Esophageal spasms that come and go sometimes take years to diagnose.

• #29 Esophageal Spasm (Nutcracker Esophagus): What To Know

  https://www.health.com/esophageal-spasm-8667542

  Esophageal spasm symptoms can resemble those of a heart attack, causing painful muscle contractions in the chest and upper abdomen. The pain is retrosternal (behind the breastbone) and feels crushing, squeezing, or sharp. It begins in the chest and can move to the back. […] Dysphagia (difficulty swallowing) is another sign of esophageal spasm. It may feel like an object is blocking your throat or chest when there’s nothing therea feeling called globus hystericus. […] In what’s sometimes termed diffuse or distal esophageal spasm, there may also be a backflow of stomach acids or undigested foods. Known as regurgitation, this can lead to vomiting and heartburn, a burning sensation in the chest. When chronic and severe, additional symptoms may include voice hoarseness and cough. […] Esophageal spasms can be episodic, though some have persistent, chronic episodes. The symptoms come and go, with attacks lasting a few minutes to one hour or more. Symptoms often develop shortly after eating or drinking hot or cold items but can happen anytime. Because eating becomes difficult, chronic cases can cause unintended weight loss.

• #30 Esophageal Spasms And Anxiety – AnxietyCentre.com

  https://www.anxietycentre.com/anxiety-disorders/symptoms/esophageal-spasms-anxiety/

  It can also feel like your stomach has spasmed, clenched, or suddenly tightened, but the feeling can also occur a little higher than the stomach. […] Esophageal spasms often occur rarely but can occur more frequently for some people. […] They can precede, accompany, or follow an escalation of other anxiety sensations and symptoms or occur by themselves. […] They can also precede, accompany, or follow a period of nervousness, anxiety, fear, and stress, or occur „out of the blue” and for no apparent reason. […] Esophageal spasms can range in intensity from slight, to moderate, to severe. They can also come in waves where they are strong one moment and subside the next. […] This symptom can change from day to day and moment to moment. […] All the above combinations and variations are common.

• #31 Esophageal spasm – UF Health

  https://ufhealth.org/conditions-and-treatments/esophageal-spasm

  Esophageal spasms are abnormal contractions of the muscles in the esophagus, the tube that carries food from the mouth to the stomach. These spasms do not move food effectively to the stomach. […] Symptoms may include: Problems swallowing or pain with swallowing, Pain in the chest or upper abdomen. It can be hard to tell a spasm from angina pectoris, a symptom of heart disease. The pain may spread to the neck, jaw, arms, or back. […] An esophageal spasm may come and go (intermittent) or last for a long time (chronic). Medicine can help relieve symptoms.

• #32 Esophageal Spasms: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment & Medication

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15575-esophageal-spasms

  Esophageal spasms are problems with muscles in your esophagus, the tube that takes food and drink to your stomach after you swallow. Spasms may cause minor to severe symptoms, including difficulty swallowing and chest pain. […] The two most common symptoms of esophageal spasms are difficulty swallowing (dysphagia) and noncardiac chest pain. But not all cases cause symptoms. […] In some cases, esophageal spasms can cause chest pain that feels like you’re having a heart attack. Call your provider or seek immediate medical care if you experience worsening, unexplained chest pain for more than five minutes. […] Esophageal spasm symptoms may be mild or severe. They may start at specific times, like after eating. Sometimes, they come on suddenly, out of nowhere. Once spasms start, they may last for a few minutes or more than one hour.

• #33 Esophageal Spasm

  https://cerneribportal.staywellsolutionsonline.com/Library/Encyclopedia/82,116033en

  Esophageal spasms may feel like food is stuck and wont go down. It may cause a feeling of heartburn or a squeezing type of chest pain. The pain may spread to the neck, arm, or back. This pattern of pain may mimic heart pain or angina. If you try to swallow more food or liquid during a spasm, it may come back up within seconds (regurgitation). Symptoms may last for a few minutes to an hour. They may occur from time to time, or they may be persistent in some cases. Certain foods or fluids may trigger symptoms, such as very hot or cold liquids or foods not chewed well. […] Call your healthcare provider if any of the following occur: Food that feels stuck in the esophagus for more than 30 minutes […] Change in the usual patterns of your symptoms of esophageal spasm. This might be a new pattern of spreading to the neck, back, shoulder, or arm, or pain that is worse than usual. […] Symptoms get worse or you have new symptoms.

• #34 Esophageal Spasms: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment & Medication

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15575-esophageal-spasms

  Esophageal spasms are problems with muscles in your esophagus, the tube that takes food and drink to your stomach after you swallow. Spasms may cause minor to severe symptoms, including difficulty swallowing and chest pain. […] The two most common symptoms of esophageal spasms are difficulty swallowing (dysphagia) and noncardiac chest pain. But not all cases cause symptoms. […] In some cases, esophageal spasms can cause chest pain that feels like you’re having a heart attack. Call your provider or seek immediate medical care if you experience worsening, unexplained chest pain for more than five minutes. […] Esophageal spasm symptoms may be mild or severe. They may start at specific times, like after eating. Sometimes, they come on suddenly, out of nowhere. Once spasms start, they may last for a few minutes or more than one hour.

• #35 Esophageal Spasms And Anxiety – AnxietyCentre.com

  https://www.anxietycentre.com/anxiety-disorders/symptoms/esophageal-spasms-anxiety/

  It can also feel like your stomach has spasmed, clenched, or suddenly tightened, but the feeling can also occur a little higher than the stomach. […] Esophageal spasms often occur rarely but can occur more frequently for some people. […] They can precede, accompany, or follow an escalation of other anxiety sensations and symptoms or occur by themselves. […] They can also precede, accompany, or follow a period of nervousness, anxiety, fear, and stress, or occur „out of the blue” and for no apparent reason. […] Esophageal spasms can range in intensity from slight, to moderate, to severe. They can also come in waves where they are strong one moment and subside the next. […] This symptom can change from day to day and moment to moment. […] All the above combinations and variations are common.

• #36 Esophageal Spasms And Anxiety – AnxietyCentre.com

  https://www.anxietycentre.com/anxiety-disorders/symptoms/esophageal-spasms-anxiety/

  It can also feel like your stomach has spasmed, clenched, or suddenly tightened, but the feeling can also occur a little higher than the stomach. […] Esophageal spasms often occur rarely but can occur more frequently for some people. […] They can precede, accompany, or follow an escalation of other anxiety sensations and symptoms or occur by themselves. […] They can also precede, accompany, or follow a period of nervousness, anxiety, fear, and stress, or occur „out of the blue” and for no apparent reason. […] Esophageal spasms can range in intensity from slight, to moderate, to severe. They can also come in waves where they are strong one moment and subside the next. […] This symptom can change from day to day and moment to moment. […] All the above combinations and variations are common.

• #37 Esophageal Spasm: Causes, Symptoms, Treatments, & Diagnosis

  https://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/what-is-esophageal-spasm

  The main symptoms are difficulty swallowing and chest pain. The spasms can be severe enough to wake you from sleep and may feel like a heart attack. […] Other symptoms of esophageal spasms can include: Feeling like something is stuck in your throat, Backward flowing of food or drink (regurgitation), Heartburn. […] Very hot foods or liquids may trigger spasms or make them worse. Use of certain medications, like narcotic pain relievers (opiates), may cause spasms in some people. […] If you have repeated episodes of chest pain but your doctor has ruled out heart problems and GERD, talk to them about this condition. Esophageal spasms that come and go sometimes take years to diagnose.

• #38 Esophageal Spasm Clinical Presentation: History and Physical Examination

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/174975-clinical

  Esophageal spasm usually presents with the following intermittent symptoms: […] Symptoms are usually intermittent and variable from day to day. They may last between minutes and hours. […] Pain may be associated with eating quickly or drinking hot, cold, or carbonated beverages. […] Anxiety and depression are common in these patients. […] Patients with nutcracker esophagus or high-amplitude peristaltic contractions usually present with chest pain, as only 10% experience dysphagia.

• #39 Esophageal Spasm – Digestive Disorders – Merck Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/digestive-disorders/esophageal-and-swallowing-disorders/esophageal-spasm

  Symptoms include chest pain and difficulty swallowing. […] When it does cause symptoms, muscle spasms throughout the esophagus typically are felt as chest pain under the breastbone coinciding with difficulty swallowing (dysphagia) liquids (especially those that are very hot or cold) and solids. […] Esophageal spasm also may cause severe pain without swallowing difficulty. This pain, often described as a squeezing pain under the breastbone, may accompany exercise or exertion, making it difficult for a doctor to distinguish it from angina (chest pain stemming from heart disease).

• #40

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/aftercareinformation/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=ut2352

  An esophageal spasm is an irregular, painful tightening of the muscles along the esophagus. […] An esophageal spasm can prevent food from reaching the stomach, leaving it stuck in the esophagus. […] Avoid very hot or cold foods if they trigger esophageal spasms.

• #41 Esophageal Spasm Clinical Presentation: History and Physical Examination

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/174975-clinical

  Esophageal spasm usually presents with the following intermittent symptoms: […] Symptoms are usually intermittent and variable from day to day. They may last between minutes and hours. […] Pain may be associated with eating quickly or drinking hot, cold, or carbonated beverages. […] Anxiety and depression are common in these patients. […] Patients with nutcracker esophagus or high-amplitude peristaltic contractions usually present with chest pain, as only 10% experience dysphagia.

• #42 Esophageal spasms | UM Health-Sparrow

  https://www.uofmhealthsparrow.org/departments-conditions/conditions/esophageal-spasms

  Esophageal spasms can feel like sudden, bad chest pain that lasts from a few minutes to hours. […] Symptoms of esophageal spasms include: Squeezing pain in the chest. The pain is often intense and might be mistaken for heart pain or heartburn. […] Difficulty swallowing solids and liquids, sometimes related to swallowing specific substances. Red wine or extremely hot or cold liquids are more common culprits. […] The feeling that an object is stuck in the throat. […] The return of food and liquids back up the esophagus, also called regurgitation. […] Treatment depends on how often the esophageal spasms happen and how bad they are. […] If your spasms make it difficult to eat or drink, your provider might recommend: Managing any underlying conditions. […] Medicines to relax your swallowing muscles.

• #43 Esophageal Spasm Clinical Presentation: History and Physical Examination

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/174975-clinical

  Esophageal spasm usually presents with the following intermittent symptoms: […] Symptoms are usually intermittent and variable from day to day. They may last between minutes and hours. […] Pain may be associated with eating quickly or drinking hot, cold, or carbonated beverages. […] Anxiety and depression are common in these patients. […] Patients with nutcracker esophagus or high-amplitude peristaltic contractions usually present with chest pain, as only 10% experience dysphagia.

• #44 Esophageal Spasms And Anxiety – AnxietyCentre.com

  https://www.anxietycentre.com/anxiety-disorders/symptoms/esophageal-spasms-anxiety/

  Anxiety and depression are common causes of esophageal spasms. […] Esophageal spasms are sudden muscle contractions (spasms) in the esophagus, which is the tube linking your throat to your stomach. […] When esophageal spasms are caused or aggravated by other factors, addressing those factors can reduce and eliminate it. […] When esophageal spasms are caused by stomach upset and acid reflux, eliminating the stomach upset and acid reflux problems can cause esophageal spasms to subside. […] When esophageal spasms are by apprehensive behavior and the accompanying stress response changes, calming yourself down will end the active stress response and its changes. […] As your body recovers from the active stress response, this anxiety symptom should subside. […] Chronic anxiety symptoms subside when hyperstimulation is eliminated. As the body recovers and stabilizes, chronic anxiety symptoms will slowly diminish and eventually disappear.

• #45 Esophageal Spasm Clinical Presentation: History and Physical Examination

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/174975-clinical

  Esophageal spasm usually presents with the following intermittent symptoms: […] Symptoms are usually intermittent and variable from day to day. They may last between minutes and hours. […] Pain may be associated with eating quickly or drinking hot, cold, or carbonated beverages. […] Anxiety and depression are common in these patients. […] Patients with nutcracker esophagus or high-amplitude peristaltic contractions usually present with chest pain, as only 10% experience dysphagia.

• #46 Esophageal Spasm: Causes, Symptoms, Treatments, & Diagnosis

  https://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/what-is-esophageal-spasm

  The main symptoms are difficulty swallowing and chest pain. The spasms can be severe enough to wake you from sleep and may feel like a heart attack. […] Other symptoms of esophageal spasms can include: Feeling like something is stuck in your throat, Backward flowing of food or drink (regurgitation), Heartburn. […] Very hot foods or liquids may trigger spasms or make them worse. Use of certain medications, like narcotic pain relievers (opiates), may cause spasms in some people. […] If you have repeated episodes of chest pain but your doctor has ruled out heart problems and GERD, talk to them about this condition. Esophageal spasms that come and go sometimes take years to diagnose.

• #47 Esophageal Spasms: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment & Medication

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15575-esophageal-spasms

  If you have esophageal spasms you may have chest pain that feels like: Squeezing, tightening, pressure or heaviness, especially behind your breastbone (sternum). […] Esophageal spasms sometimes cause chest pain or trouble swallowing. But providers don’t consider the condition a serious threat to your health. […] The prognosis of esophageal spasms varies based on the severity of your symptoms. Many people experience few or minor symptoms from esophageal spasms. Treatments improve esophageal spasm symptoms considerably.

• #48 Esophageal Spasms | Loma Linda University Health

  https://lluh.org/conditions/esophageal-spasms

  One sign that you may be experiencing an esophageal spasm is It may feel like food is stuck in your throat. Other symptoms include: […] Symptoms can be constant or come and go. […] If your esophageal spasms remain untreated, many people continue experiencing difficulty swallowing, chest pain and heartburn in addition to other symptoms of esophageal spasms.

• #49 Esophageal Spasm: Background, Pathophysiology, Epidemiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/174975-overview

  Symptoms can include dysphagia, regurgitation, and noncardiac chest pain. […] The usual presentation is intermittent dysphagia with occasional chest pain. […] The symptoms of diffuse esophageal spasm, nutcracker esophagus, and jackhammer esophagus may overlap and can be distinguished only by a motility study. […] Prognosis is moderate. Symptom scores improve over time (3 y or longer) in diffuse esophageal spasm and nutcracker esophagus. […] Mortality is very rare, but morbidity can be significant. […] Morbidity arises from an inability to eat, secondary to the pain, and the subsequent decline in the nutritional status.

• #50 Diffuse Esophageal Spasm – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK541106/

  The main principle behind counseling the patient of DES should be to relieve the plethora of psychosocial and emotional aspects that present with this disorder, and the patient should have reassurance about the positive aspects and how appropriate monitoring can lead to normalizing of the quality of life. […] Due to the marked improvement in symptoms over 3 years, the prognosis of diffuse esophageal spasm is a moderate one.

• #51 Esophageal Spasms | Loma Linda University Health

  https://lluh.org/conditions/esophageal-spasms

  One sign that you may be experiencing an esophageal spasm is It may feel like food is stuck in your throat. Other symptoms include: […] Symptoms can be constant or come and go. […] If your esophageal spasms remain untreated, many people continue experiencing difficulty swallowing, chest pain and heartburn in addition to other symptoms of esophageal spasms.

• #52 A Case of Symptomatic Diffuse Esophageal Spasm During Multiple Rapid Swallowing Test on High-Resolution Manometry

  https://www.jnmjournal.org/journal/view.html?uid=297&vmd=Full

  This case was interesting in that the chest pain and dysphagia occurred not by drinking a sip of water, but only by drinking a large amount of water. […] Although many patients with non-obstructive dysphagia and chest pain can be diagnosed accurately by the conventional esophageal manometry, some patients go through difficulties in receiving proper diagnosis. […] The major advantage of HRM with pressure topography compared with conventional manometry is the ability to easily distinguish between the loci of compartmentalized intra-esophageal pressurization (pseudo-spasm) and rapidly propagated esophageal contractions (spasm). […] DES is associated with incomplete LES relaxation, which is likely in a variant case of achalasia. […] Since DES is possible to progress to achalasia, follow-up studies using HRM will be needed to detect the feasible transition in this patient. […] Although we do not know the specific mechanism through which an increase of the quantity of water induces symptoms, increment in the quantity of swallowing water may stimulate secondary peristalsis in esophagus more strongly and esophageal spasm could be provoked more easily.

• #53 Esophageal Spasm (Nutcracker Esophagus): What To Know

  https://www.health.com/esophageal-spasm-8667542

  Esophageal spasm symptoms can resemble those of a heart attack, causing painful muscle contractions in the chest and upper abdomen. The pain is retrosternal (behind the breastbone) and feels crushing, squeezing, or sharp. It begins in the chest and can move to the back. […] Dysphagia (difficulty swallowing) is another sign of esophageal spasm. It may feel like an object is blocking your throat or chest when there’s nothing therea feeling called globus hystericus. […] In what’s sometimes termed diffuse or distal esophageal spasm, there may also be a backflow of stomach acids or undigested foods. Known as regurgitation, this can lead to vomiting and heartburn, a burning sensation in the chest. When chronic and severe, additional symptoms may include voice hoarseness and cough. […] Esophageal spasms can be episodic, though some have persistent, chronic episodes. The symptoms come and go, with attacks lasting a few minutes to one hour or more. Symptoms often develop shortly after eating or drinking hot or cold items but can happen anytime. Because eating becomes difficult, chronic cases can cause unintended weight loss.

• #54 Diffuse Esophageal Spasm – MD Searchlight

  https://mdsearchlight.com/gut-health/diffuse-esophageal-spasm/

  Diffuse esophageal spasm (DES) generally has a moderate prognosis, with noticeable improvements in symptoms over a three-year period. However, as chest pain symptoms can resemble those of heart, lung, and rheumatological diseases, it’s essential that a thorough medical examination is carried out to confirm a DES diagnosis. […] While the risk of death from DES is low, it can significantly impact a patient’s quality of life and lead to other health complications. Some issues that can arise include: […] A reduced ability to eat due to associated pain. […] Severe pain that can limit the patient’s normal activities. This can also cause emotional and physiological stress. […] A significant impact on the patient’s nutritional state.

• #55 Esophageal Spasm: Background, Pathophysiology, Epidemiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/174975-overview

  Symptoms can include dysphagia, regurgitation, and noncardiac chest pain. […] The usual presentation is intermittent dysphagia with occasional chest pain. […] The symptoms of diffuse esophageal spasm, nutcracker esophagus, and jackhammer esophagus may overlap and can be distinguished only by a motility study. […] Prognosis is moderate. Symptom scores improve over time (3 y or longer) in diffuse esophageal spasm and nutcracker esophagus. […] Mortality is very rare, but morbidity can be significant. […] Morbidity arises from an inability to eat, secondary to the pain, and the subsequent decline in the nutritional status.

• #56 Diffuse Esophageal Spasm – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK541106/

  Diffuse esophageal spasm is an esophageal motility disorder that often manifests as dysphagia. If the diagnosis is delayed, diffuse esophageal spasm is associated with high morbidity. […] The typical clinical features that a patient with diffuse esophageal spasm presents with are: 1. The most prominent and imminent feature for DES is the presentation of dysphagia that can occur with both solids and liquids. […] The usual presentation is intermittent dysphagia with occasional chest pain. Pain might manifest upon eating quickly or consuming hot or cold beverages. […] The chances of mortality with DES is low, but it can significantly hamper the quality of life in a patient and can lead to high morbidity in these patients. The increase in the rate of morbidity can be due to: 1. Decreased ability to eat, which is mostly secondary to the associated pain

• #57 Esophageal Spasm: Background, Pathophysiology, Epidemiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/174975-overview

  Symptoms can include dysphagia, regurgitation, and noncardiac chest pain. […] The usual presentation is intermittent dysphagia with occasional chest pain. […] The symptoms of diffuse esophageal spasm, nutcracker esophagus, and jackhammer esophagus may overlap and can be distinguished only by a motility study. […] Prognosis is moderate. Symptom scores improve over time (3 y or longer) in diffuse esophageal spasm and nutcracker esophagus. […] Mortality is very rare, but morbidity can be significant. […] Morbidity arises from an inability to eat, secondary to the pain, and the subsequent decline in the nutritional status.

• #58 Diffuse Esophageal Spasm – MD Searchlight

  https://mdsearchlight.com/gut-health/diffuse-esophageal-spasm/

  Diffuse esophageal spasm (DES) generally has a moderate prognosis, with noticeable improvements in symptoms over a three-year period. However, as chest pain symptoms can resemble those of heart, lung, and rheumatological diseases, it’s essential that a thorough medical examination is carried out to confirm a DES diagnosis. […] While the risk of death from DES is low, it can significantly impact a patient’s quality of life and lead to other health complications. Some issues that can arise include: […] A reduced ability to eat due to associated pain. […] Severe pain that can limit the patient’s normal activities. This can also cause emotional and physiological stress. […] A significant impact on the patient’s nutritional state.

• #59 Esophageal Spasms And Anxiety – AnxietyCentre.com

  https://www.anxietycentre.com/anxiety-disorders/symptoms/esophageal-spasms-anxiety/

  Anxiety and depression are common causes of esophageal spasms. […] Esophageal spasms are sudden muscle contractions (spasms) in the esophagus, which is the tube linking your throat to your stomach. […] When esophageal spasms are caused or aggravated by other factors, addressing those factors can reduce and eliminate it. […] When esophageal spasms are caused by stomach upset and acid reflux, eliminating the stomach upset and acid reflux problems can cause esophageal spasms to subside. […] When esophageal spasms are by apprehensive behavior and the accompanying stress response changes, calming yourself down will end the active stress response and its changes. […] As your body recovers from the active stress response, this anxiety symptom should subside. […] Chronic anxiety symptoms subside when hyperstimulation is eliminated. As the body recovers and stabilizes, chronic anxiety symptoms will slowly diminish and eventually disappear.

• #60 Esophageal Spasm Clinical Presentation: History and Physical Examination

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/174975-clinical

  Esophageal spasm usually presents with the following intermittent symptoms: […] Symptoms are usually intermittent and variable from day to day. They may last between minutes and hours. […] Pain may be associated with eating quickly or drinking hot, cold, or carbonated beverages. […] Anxiety and depression are common in these patients. […] Patients with nutcracker esophagus or high-amplitude peristaltic contractions usually present with chest pain, as only 10% experience dysphagia.

• #61 Esophageal Spasm: Causes, Symptoms, Treatments, & Diagnosis

  https://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/what-is-esophageal-spasm

  The main symptoms are difficulty swallowing and chest pain. The spasms can be severe enough to wake you from sleep and may feel like a heart attack. […] Other symptoms of esophageal spasms can include: Feeling like something is stuck in your throat, Backward flowing of food or drink (regurgitation), Heartburn. […] Very hot foods or liquids may trigger spasms or make them worse. Use of certain medications, like narcotic pain relievers (opiates), may cause spasms in some people. […] If you have repeated episodes of chest pain but your doctor has ruled out heart problems and GERD, talk to them about this condition. Esophageal spasms that come and go sometimes take years to diagnose.

• #62 Esophageal Spasm: Causes, Symptoms, Treatments, & Diagnosis

  https://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/what-is-esophageal-spasm

  The main symptoms are difficulty swallowing and chest pain. The spasms can be severe enough to wake you from sleep and may feel like a heart attack. […] Other symptoms of esophageal spasms can include: Feeling like something is stuck in your throat, Backward flowing of food or drink (regurgitation), Heartburn. […] Very hot foods or liquids may trigger spasms or make them worse. Use of certain medications, like narcotic pain relievers (opiates), may cause spasms in some people. […] If you have repeated episodes of chest pain but your doctor has ruled out heart problems and GERD, talk to them about this condition. Esophageal spasms that come and go sometimes take years to diagnose.

• #63 Esophageal spasm – UF Health

  https://ufhealth.org/conditions-and-treatments/esophageal-spasm

  Esophageal spasms are abnormal contractions of the muscles in the esophagus, the tube that carries food from the mouth to the stomach. These spasms do not move food effectively to the stomach. […] Symptoms may include: Problems swallowing or pain with swallowing, Pain in the chest or upper abdomen. It can be hard to tell a spasm from angina pectoris, a symptom of heart disease. The pain may spread to the neck, jaw, arms, or back. […] An esophageal spasm may come and go (intermittent) or last for a long time (chronic). Medicine can help relieve symptoms.

• #64 Esophageal Spasm Ocala, FL

  https://ocalaflwomenshealth.com/womens-health/healthwise?DOCHWID=ut1638spec

  Esophageal spasm means that contractions of the esophagus are irregular, uncoordinated, and sometimes powerful. This condition may be called diffuse esophageal spasm, or DES. These spasms can prevent food from reaching the stomach. When this happens, the food gets stuck in the esophagus. […] Most people with this condition have chest pain that may spread outward to the arms, back, neck, or jaw. This pain can feel similar to a heart attack. If you have chest pain, you should be evaluated by a doctor as soon as possible to rule out or treat cardiac disease. […] Other symptoms include difficulty or inability to swallow food or liquid, pain with swallowing, the feeling that food is caught in the center of the chest, and a burning sensation in the chest (heartburn).

• #65 Esophageal spasm: Causes, symptoms, and treatments

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/320926

  Eliminating the foods that trigger esophageal spasms may reduce how often a person experiences them. Taking prescribed medication and making dietary and lifestyle changes can also be beneficial. […] An underlying condition, such as GERD or depression, may be the cause of esophageal spasms, in which case these should be treated to relieve symptoms.

• #66 Distal esophageal spasm and hypercontractile esophagus – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/distal-esophageal-spasm-and-hypercontractile-esophagus

  Patients with esophageal dysmotility may present with dysphagia, noncardiac chest pain, food impaction, heartburn and/or regurgitation. […] This topic will review the pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and management of the following disorders of esophageal peristalsis: distal esophageal spasm (DES; formerly diffuse esophageal spasm) and hypercontractile (formerly jackhammer) esophagus (HE). […] Absent esophageal contractility, which may be related to an underlying connective tissue disorder, is discussed separately.

• #67 Esophageal Spasm | HealthLink BC

  https://www.healthlinkbc.ca/healthwise/esophageal-spasm

  Esophageal spasm means that contractions of the esophagus are irregular, uncoordinated, and sometimes powerful. This condition may be called diffuse esophageal spasm, or DES. These spasms can prevent food from reaching the stomach. When this happens, the food gets stuck in the esophagus. […] Most people with this condition have chest pain that may spread outward to the arms, back, neck, or jaw. This pain can feel similar to a heart attack. If you have chest pain, you should be evaluated by a doctor as soon as possible to rule out or treat cardiac disease. […] Other symptoms include difficulty or inability to swallow food or liquid, pain with swallowing, the feeling that food is caught in the centre of the chest, and a burning sensation in the chest (heartburn).

• #68 Esophageal Spasm Ocala, FL

  https://ocalaflwomenshealth.com/womens-health/healthwise?DOCHWID=ut1638spec

  Esophageal spasm means that contractions of the esophagus are irregular, uncoordinated, and sometimes powerful. This condition may be called diffuse esophageal spasm, or DES. These spasms can prevent food from reaching the stomach. When this happens, the food gets stuck in the esophagus. […] Most people with this condition have chest pain that may spread outward to the arms, back, neck, or jaw. This pain can feel similar to a heart attack. If you have chest pain, you should be evaluated by a doctor as soon as possible to rule out or treat cardiac disease. […] Other symptoms include difficulty or inability to swallow food or liquid, pain with swallowing, the feeling that food is caught in the center of the chest, and a burning sensation in the chest (heartburn).

• #69 Diffuse Esophageal Spasm – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK541106/

  Diffuse esophageal spasm is an esophageal motility disorder that often manifests as dysphagia. If the diagnosis is delayed, diffuse esophageal spasm is associated with high morbidity. […] The typical clinical features that a patient with diffuse esophageal spasm presents with are: 1. The most prominent and imminent feature for DES is the presentation of dysphagia that can occur with both solids and liquids. […] The usual presentation is intermittent dysphagia with occasional chest pain. Pain might manifest upon eating quickly or consuming hot or cold beverages. […] The chances of mortality with DES is low, but it can significantly hamper the quality of life in a patient and can lead to high morbidity in these patients. The increase in the rate of morbidity can be due to: 1. Decreased ability to eat, which is mostly secondary to the associated pain

• #70 Diffuse Esophageal Spasm – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK541106/

  Diffuse esophageal spasm is an esophageal motility disorder that often manifests as dysphagia. If the diagnosis is delayed, diffuse esophageal spasm is associated with high morbidity. […] The typical clinical features that a patient with diffuse esophageal spasm presents with are: 1. The most prominent and imminent feature for DES is the presentation of dysphagia that can occur with both solids and liquids. […] The usual presentation is intermittent dysphagia with occasional chest pain. Pain might manifest upon eating quickly or consuming hot or cold beverages. […] The chances of mortality with DES is low, but it can significantly hamper the quality of life in a patient and can lead to high morbidity in these patients. The increase in the rate of morbidity can be due to: 1. Decreased ability to eat, which is mostly secondary to the associated pain

• #71 What Are Esophageal Spasms? – Gastroenterology Medical Associates

  https://gastrospecialistsnj.com/what-are-esophageal-spasms/

  One of the commonest symptoms of the esophageal spasm is difficulty in swallowing. It is common in the nutcracker esophagus due to abnormally strong contractions. Difficulty in swallowing is found in around two-thirds of patients with esophageal spasms. […] Backflow of food into the mouth (regurgitation) is mostly seen in diffuse esophageal spasms. This is because uncoordinated contractions lead to poor propulsion of the food bolus.

• #72 Diffuse Esophageal Spasm (DES) – Esophageal Health | UCLA Health

  https://www.uclahealth.org/medical-services/gastro/esophageal-health/diseases-we-treat/diffuse-esophageal-spasm-des

  Typical symptoms include an intermittent sensation of food sticking inside the chest and chest pain. […] DES is diagnosed by performing an esophageal manometry, which measures pressures generated by the esophagus at rest and during swallows. The typical pressure pattern in DES shows early contraction of the distal (lower) esophagus after the patient begins to swallow.

• #73 Esophageal Spasm | HealthLink BC

  https://www.healthlinkbc.ca/healthwise/esophageal-spasm

  Esophageal spasm means that contractions of the esophagus are irregular, uncoordinated, and sometimes powerful. This condition may be called diffuse esophageal spasm, or DES. These spasms can prevent food from reaching the stomach. When this happens, the food gets stuck in the esophagus. […] Most people with this condition have chest pain that may spread outward to the arms, back, neck, or jaw. This pain can feel similar to a heart attack. If you have chest pain, you should be evaluated by a doctor as soon as possible to rule out or treat cardiac disease. […] Other symptoms include difficulty or inability to swallow food or liquid, pain with swallowing, the feeling that food is caught in the centre of the chest, and a burning sensation in the chest (heartburn).

• #74 Esophageal Spasms And Anxiety – AnxietyCentre.com

  https://www.anxietycentre.com/anxiety-disorders/symptoms/esophageal-spasms-anxiety/

  Esophageal Spasms, such as a sudden chest pain or “flutter” that can radiate to the back, neck, jaw, throat, and arms, are not as common as other anxiety symptoms, but they can occur for some anxious and stressed people. Esophageal Spasms are particularly prevalent anxiety and panic attack symptoms. […] There are two types of esophageal spasms: Occasional contractions (diffuse esophageal spasms) – This type of esophageal spasm can be painful and is often accompanied by regurgitation of food or liquids. […] Painfully strong contractions (“nutcracker” or “jackhammer” esophagus) – This type of spasm produces severe pain but generally doesn’t cause regurgitation of food or liquids. […] Common esophageal spasm symptom descriptions – what it feels like when your esophagus spasms: You have a sudden chest pain that can radiate to the back, neck, jaw, throat, and arms. This pain can be so strong that it mimics a heart attack.

• #75 Esophageal Spasm Clinical Presentation: History and Physical Examination

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/174975-clinical

  Esophageal spasm usually presents with the following intermittent symptoms: […] Symptoms are usually intermittent and variable from day to day. They may last between minutes and hours. […] Pain may be associated with eating quickly or drinking hot, cold, or carbonated beverages. […] Anxiety and depression are common in these patients. […] Patients with nutcracker esophagus or high-amplitude peristaltic contractions usually present with chest pain, as only 10% experience dysphagia.

• #76 Esophageal Spasm Clinical Presentation: History and Physical Examination

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/174975-clinical

  Esophageal spasm usually presents with the following intermittent symptoms: […] Symptoms are usually intermittent and variable from day to day. They may last between minutes and hours. […] Pain may be associated with eating quickly or drinking hot, cold, or carbonated beverages. […] Anxiety and depression are common in these patients. […] Patients with nutcracker esophagus or high-amplitude peristaltic contractions usually present with chest pain, as only 10% experience dysphagia.

• #77 Esophageal Spasms And Anxiety – AnxietyCentre.com

  https://www.anxietycentre.com/anxiety-disorders/symptoms/esophageal-spasms-anxiety/

  Esophageal Spasms, such as a sudden chest pain or “flutter” that can radiate to the back, neck, jaw, throat, and arms, are not as common as other anxiety symptoms, but they can occur for some anxious and stressed people. Esophageal Spasms are particularly prevalent anxiety and panic attack symptoms. […] There are two types of esophageal spasms: Occasional contractions (diffuse esophageal spasms) – This type of esophageal spasm can be painful and is often accompanied by regurgitation of food or liquids. […] Painfully strong contractions (“nutcracker” or “jackhammer” esophagus) – This type of spasm produces severe pain but generally doesn’t cause regurgitation of food or liquids. […] Common esophageal spasm symptom descriptions – what it feels like when your esophagus spasms: You have a sudden chest pain that can radiate to the back, neck, jaw, throat, and arms. This pain can be so strong that it mimics a heart attack.

• #78 What Are Esophageal Spasms? – Gastroenterology Medical Associates

  https://gastrospecialistsnj.com/what-are-esophageal-spasms/

  One of the commonest symptoms of the esophageal spasm is difficulty in swallowing. It is common in the nutcracker esophagus due to abnormally strong contractions. Difficulty in swallowing is found in around two-thirds of patients with esophageal spasms. […] Backflow of food into the mouth (regurgitation) is mostly seen in diffuse esophageal spasms. This is because uncoordinated contractions lead to poor propulsion of the food bolus.

• #79 Esophageal Spasm: Background, Pathophysiology, Epidemiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/174975-overview

  Symptoms can include dysphagia, regurgitation, and noncardiac chest pain. […] The usual presentation is intermittent dysphagia with occasional chest pain. […] The symptoms of diffuse esophageal spasm, nutcracker esophagus, and jackhammer esophagus may overlap and can be distinguished only by a motility study. […] Prognosis is moderate. Symptom scores improve over time (3 y or longer) in diffuse esophageal spasm and nutcracker esophagus. […] Mortality is very rare, but morbidity can be significant. […] Morbidity arises from an inability to eat, secondary to the pain, and the subsequent decline in the nutritional status.

• #80 Esophageal Spasm: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment and More

  https://www.healthline.com/health/esophageal-spasm

  Esophageal spasm symptoms include: […] chest pain thats so intense its mistaken for a heart attack […] a feeling that something is caught in your throat or chest […] trouble swallowing […] heartburn […] regurgitation of food or liquid back up into your mouth. […] Seek immediate medical care if you think you may be having an esophageal spasm. […] Esophageal spasms may occur as a result of an underlying condition, such as GERD or depression. Treating the underlying cause is your first line of defense in eliminating or reducing symptoms. […] Even though their cause is not completely understood, esophageal spasms can usually be treated effectively.

• #81 Esophageal spasm: Causes, symptoms, and treatments

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/320926

  Esophageal spasms occur when the esophagus contracts abnormally, and they can be painful and uncomfortable. When they happen, the movement of food and drink toward the stomach is disrupted and less efficient. […] For some, esophageal spasms happen frequently and interfere with the ability to eat and drink normally. When this is the case, treatment is usually required. […] People who experience esophageal spasms may have the following symptoms: severe chest pain, as if the chest is being squeezed or the person has a heart attack, difficulty swallowing, heartburn, feeling as though an object is stuck in the throat or chest, regurgitation of food or drink. […] It is essential to seek advice from a doctor if the above symptoms occur or a person believes they are experiencing an esophageal spasm.

• #82 Esophageal Spasms: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment & Medication

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15575-esophageal-spasms

  Esophageal spasms are problems with muscles in your esophagus, the tube that takes food and drink to your stomach after you swallow. Spasms may cause minor to severe symptoms, including difficulty swallowing and chest pain. […] The two most common symptoms of esophageal spasms are difficulty swallowing (dysphagia) and noncardiac chest pain. But not all cases cause symptoms. […] In some cases, esophageal spasms can cause chest pain that feels like you’re having a heart attack. Call your provider or seek immediate medical care if you experience worsening, unexplained chest pain for more than five minutes. […] Esophageal spasm symptoms may be mild or severe. They may start at specific times, like after eating. Sometimes, they come on suddenly, out of nowhere. Once spasms start, they may last for a few minutes or more than one hour.

• #83 Esophageal Spasm – What You Need to Know

  https://www.drugs.com/cg/esophageal-spasm.html

  Esophageal spasm is a sudden, painful tightening of your lower esophagus. […] You may have any of the following: Trouble when you swallow: Food may get stuck in your esophagus. Chest pain: You may have chest pain or discomfort that starts behind your sternum (breastbone). The pain may spread to your arms, jaw, or back. It may be mild or severe. It may also worsen when you eat. Heartburn: This is a burning feeling in your chest or throat caused by stomach acid that rises into your throat. This may leave a bitter taste in your mouth, and it may be worse after meals or when you lie down. […] With treatment, your spasms, pain, and trouble swallowing may improve. […] Your symptoms do not improve even with treatment. You have severe pain when you swallow. You lose weight without trying. You have questions about your condition or care. […] You are drooling or have trouble swallowing. You are choking, gagging, or vomiting. You have pain when you swallow. You have new or worse chest pain and shortness of breath.

• #84 Esophageal Spasm – What You Need to Know

  https://www.drugs.com/cg/esophageal-spasm.html

  Esophageal spasm is a sudden, painful tightening of your lower esophagus. […] You may have any of the following: Trouble when you swallow: Food may get stuck in your esophagus. Chest pain: You may have chest pain or discomfort that starts behind your sternum (breastbone). The pain may spread to your arms, jaw, or back. It may be mild or severe. It may also worsen when you eat. Heartburn: This is a burning feeling in your chest or throat caused by stomach acid that rises into your throat. This may leave a bitter taste in your mouth, and it may be worse after meals or when you lie down. […] With treatment, your spasms, pain, and trouble swallowing may improve. […] Your symptoms do not improve even with treatment. You have severe pain when you swallow. You lose weight without trying. You have questions about your condition or care. […] You are drooling or have trouble swallowing. You are choking, gagging, or vomiting. You have pain when you swallow. You have new or worse chest pain and shortness of breath.

• #85 Esophageal Spasm

  https://cerneribportal.staywellsolutionsonline.com/Library/Encyclopedia/82,116033en

  Esophageal spasms may feel like food is stuck and wont go down. It may cause a feeling of heartburn or a squeezing type of chest pain. The pain may spread to the neck, arm, or back. This pattern of pain may mimic heart pain or angina. If you try to swallow more food or liquid during a spasm, it may come back up within seconds (regurgitation). Symptoms may last for a few minutes to an hour. They may occur from time to time, or they may be persistent in some cases. Certain foods or fluids may trigger symptoms, such as very hot or cold liquids or foods not chewed well. […] Call your healthcare provider if any of the following occur: Food that feels stuck in the esophagus for more than 30 minutes […] Change in the usual patterns of your symptoms of esophageal spasm. This might be a new pattern of spreading to the neck, back, shoulder, or arm, or pain that is worse than usual. […] Symptoms get worse or you have new symptoms.

• #86 Esophageal Spasm – What You Need to Know

  https://www.drugs.com/cg/esophageal-spasm.html

  Esophageal spasm is a sudden, painful tightening of your lower esophagus. […] You may have any of the following: Trouble when you swallow: Food may get stuck in your esophagus. Chest pain: You may have chest pain or discomfort that starts behind your sternum (breastbone). The pain may spread to your arms, jaw, or back. It may be mild or severe. It may also worsen when you eat. Heartburn: This is a burning feeling in your chest or throat caused by stomach acid that rises into your throat. This may leave a bitter taste in your mouth, and it may be worse after meals or when you lie down. […] With treatment, your spasms, pain, and trouble swallowing may improve. […] Your symptoms do not improve even with treatment. You have severe pain when you swallow. You lose weight without trying. You have questions about your condition or care. […] You are drooling or have trouble swallowing. You are choking, gagging, or vomiting. You have pain when you swallow. You have new or worse chest pain and shortness of breath.

• #87 Esophageal Spasm

  https://cerneribportal.staywellsolutionsonline.com/Library/Encyclopedia/82,116033en

  Esophageal spasms may feel like food is stuck and wont go down. It may cause a feeling of heartburn or a squeezing type of chest pain. The pain may spread to the neck, arm, or back. This pattern of pain may mimic heart pain or angina. If you try to swallow more food or liquid during a spasm, it may come back up within seconds (regurgitation). Symptoms may last for a few minutes to an hour. They may occur from time to time, or they may be persistent in some cases. Certain foods or fluids may trigger symptoms, such as very hot or cold liquids or foods not chewed well. […] Call your healthcare provider if any of the following occur: Food that feels stuck in the esophagus for more than 30 minutes […] Change in the usual patterns of your symptoms of esophageal spasm. This might be a new pattern of spreading to the neck, back, shoulder, or arm, or pain that is worse than usual. […] Symptoms get worse or you have new symptoms.

• #88 Esophageal Spasm

  https://cerneribportal.staywellsolutionsonline.com/Library/Encyclopedia/82,116033en

  Esophageal spasms may feel like food is stuck and wont go down. It may cause a feeling of heartburn or a squeezing type of chest pain. The pain may spread to the neck, arm, or back. This pattern of pain may mimic heart pain or angina. If you try to swallow more food or liquid during a spasm, it may come back up within seconds (regurgitation). Symptoms may last for a few minutes to an hour. They may occur from time to time, or they may be persistent in some cases. Certain foods or fluids may trigger symptoms, such as very hot or cold liquids or foods not chewed well. […] Call your healthcare provider if any of the following occur: Food that feels stuck in the esophagus for more than 30 minutes […] Change in the usual patterns of your symptoms of esophageal spasm. This might be a new pattern of spreading to the neck, back, shoulder, or arm, or pain that is worse than usual. […] Symptoms get worse or you have new symptoms.

• #89 5 Facts about Esophageal Cancer You Should Know – NFCR

  https://www.nfcr.org/blog/5-facts-about-esophageal-cancer/

  Esophageal spasms are abnormal muscle spasms in your esophagus. Depending on the severity of the esophageal spasm, they may cause pain and may disrupt the movement of food to the stomach. As uncomfortable as esophageal spasms can be, however, they are not actually connected to cancer. […] Symptoms of esophageal spasms also imitate those of a heart attack and confusing the two can be life threatening. Those who experience esophageal spasms should contact their doctor to discuss how to safely distinguish between a spasm and a heart attack, as well as potential treatment options. […] If someone suffers from esophageal reflux for an extended period of time, it may advance to a condition called Barretts Esophagus. This is caused by esophageal cells being saturated in stomach acid for a long time. The cells eventually begin to thicken as a defense mechanism to withstand the acid. Barretts Esophagus is considered a precancerous condition and increases esophageal cancer risk. While not all people with Barretts Esophagus will develop cancer, it is important to monitor the condition.

• #90 Diffuse Esophageal Spasm – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK541106/

  The main principle behind counseling the patient of DES should be to relieve the plethora of psychosocial and emotional aspects that present with this disorder, and the patient should have reassurance about the positive aspects and how appropriate monitoring can lead to normalizing of the quality of life. […] Due to the marked improvement in symptoms over 3 years, the prognosis of diffuse esophageal spasm is a moderate one.

• #91 Esophageal Spasm: Background, Pathophysiology, Epidemiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/174975-overview

  Symptoms can include dysphagia, regurgitation, and noncardiac chest pain. […] The usual presentation is intermittent dysphagia with occasional chest pain. […] The symptoms of diffuse esophageal spasm, nutcracker esophagus, and jackhammer esophagus may overlap and can be distinguished only by a motility study. […] Prognosis is moderate. Symptom scores improve over time (3 y or longer) in diffuse esophageal spasm and nutcracker esophagus. […] Mortality is very rare, but morbidity can be significant. […] Morbidity arises from an inability to eat, secondary to the pain, and the subsequent decline in the nutritional status.

• #92 Esophageal Spasm: Background, Pathophysiology, Epidemiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/174975-overview

  Symptoms can include dysphagia, regurgitation, and noncardiac chest pain. […] The usual presentation is intermittent dysphagia with occasional chest pain. […] The symptoms of diffuse esophageal spasm, nutcracker esophagus, and jackhammer esophagus may overlap and can be distinguished only by a motility study. […] Prognosis is moderate. Symptom scores improve over time (3 y or longer) in diffuse esophageal spasm and nutcracker esophagus. […] Mortality is very rare, but morbidity can be significant. […] Morbidity arises from an inability to eat, secondary to the pain, and the subsequent decline in the nutritional status.

• #93 Diffuse Esophageal Spasm – MD Searchlight

  https://mdsearchlight.com/gut-health/diffuse-esophageal-spasm/

  Diffuse esophageal spasm (DES) generally has a moderate prognosis, with noticeable improvements in symptoms over a three-year period. However, as chest pain symptoms can resemble those of heart, lung, and rheumatological diseases, it’s essential that a thorough medical examination is carried out to confirm a DES diagnosis. […] While the risk of death from DES is low, it can significantly impact a patient’s quality of life and lead to other health complications. Some issues that can arise include: […] A reduced ability to eat due to associated pain. […] Severe pain that can limit the patient’s normal activities. This can also cause emotional and physiological stress. […] A significant impact on the patient’s nutritional state.

• #94 Esophageal Spasm: Background, Pathophysiology, Epidemiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/174975-overview

  Symptoms can include dysphagia, regurgitation, and noncardiac chest pain. […] The usual presentation is intermittent dysphagia with occasional chest pain. […] The symptoms of diffuse esophageal spasm, nutcracker esophagus, and jackhammer esophagus may overlap and can be distinguished only by a motility study. […] Prognosis is moderate. Symptom scores improve over time (3 y or longer) in diffuse esophageal spasm and nutcracker esophagus. […] Mortality is very rare, but morbidity can be significant. […] Morbidity arises from an inability to eat, secondary to the pain, and the subsequent decline in the nutritional status.

• #95 Diffuse Esophageal Spasm – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK541106/

  The main principle behind counseling the patient of DES should be to relieve the plethora of psychosocial and emotional aspects that present with this disorder, and the patient should have reassurance about the positive aspects and how appropriate monitoring can lead to normalizing of the quality of life. […] Due to the marked improvement in symptoms over 3 years, the prognosis of diffuse esophageal spasm is a moderate one.

• #96 Esophageal Spasms: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment & Medication

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15575-esophageal-spasms

  If you have esophageal spasms you may have chest pain that feels like: Squeezing, tightening, pressure or heaviness, especially behind your breastbone (sternum). […] Esophageal spasms sometimes cause chest pain or trouble swallowing. But providers don’t consider the condition a serious threat to your health. […] The prognosis of esophageal spasms varies based on the severity of your symptoms. Many people experience few or minor symptoms from esophageal spasms. Treatments improve esophageal spasm symptoms considerably.

• #97 Esophageal Spasm – What You Need to Know

  https://www.drugs.com/cg/esophageal-spasm.html

  Esophageal spasm is a sudden, painful tightening of your lower esophagus. […] You may have any of the following: Trouble when you swallow: Food may get stuck in your esophagus. Chest pain: You may have chest pain or discomfort that starts behind your sternum (breastbone). The pain may spread to your arms, jaw, or back. It may be mild or severe. It may also worsen when you eat. Heartburn: This is a burning feeling in your chest or throat caused by stomach acid that rises into your throat. This may leave a bitter taste in your mouth, and it may be worse after meals or when you lie down. […] With treatment, your spasms, pain, and trouble swallowing may improve. […] Your symptoms do not improve even with treatment. You have severe pain when you swallow. You lose weight without trying. You have questions about your condition or care. […] You are drooling or have trouble swallowing. You are choking, gagging, or vomiting. You have pain when you swallow. You have new or worse chest pain and shortness of breath.

• #98 Esophageal Spasms: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment & Medication

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15575-esophageal-spasms

  If you have esophageal spasms you may have chest pain that feels like: Squeezing, tightening, pressure or heaviness, especially behind your breastbone (sternum). […] Esophageal spasms sometimes cause chest pain or trouble swallowing. But providers don’t consider the condition a serious threat to your health. […] The prognosis of esophageal spasms varies based on the severity of your symptoms. Many people experience few or minor symptoms from esophageal spasms. Treatments improve esophageal spasm symptoms considerably.

• #99 Esophageal Spasms: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment & Medication

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15575-esophageal-spasms

  If you have esophageal spasms you may have chest pain that feels like: Squeezing, tightening, pressure or heaviness, especially behind your breastbone (sternum). […] Esophageal spasms sometimes cause chest pain or trouble swallowing. But providers don’t consider the condition a serious threat to your health. […] The prognosis of esophageal spasms varies based on the severity of your symptoms. Many people experience few or minor symptoms from esophageal spasms. Treatments improve esophageal spasm symptoms considerably.

• #100 A Case of Symptomatic Diffuse Esophageal Spasm During Multiple Rapid Swallowing Test on High-Resolution Manometry

  https://www.jnmjournal.org/journal/view.html?uid=297&vmd=Full

  This case was interesting in that the chest pain and dysphagia occurred not by drinking a sip of water, but only by drinking a large amount of water. […] Although many patients with non-obstructive dysphagia and chest pain can be diagnosed accurately by the conventional esophageal manometry, some patients go through difficulties in receiving proper diagnosis. […] The major advantage of HRM with pressure topography compared with conventional manometry is the ability to easily distinguish between the loci of compartmentalized intra-esophageal pressurization (pseudo-spasm) and rapidly propagated esophageal contractions (spasm). […] DES is associated with incomplete LES relaxation, which is likely in a variant case of achalasia. […] Since DES is possible to progress to achalasia, follow-up studies using HRM will be needed to detect the feasible transition in this patient. […] Although we do not know the specific mechanism through which an increase of the quantity of water induces symptoms, increment in the quantity of swallowing water may stimulate secondary peristalsis in esophagus more strongly and esophageal spasm could be provoked more easily.

• #101 Oesophageal Spasm: Symptoms and Treatment | Doctor

  https://patient.info/doctor/oesophageal-spasm

  Oesophageal spasm symptoms (presentation)8 […] May be diagnosed following investigation of non-cardiac chest pain or dysphagia. […] Symptoms6 […] Chest pain: […] Oesophageal spasm can cause episodes of severe, crushing, retrosternal pain. […] Dysphagia. […] Reflux-related symptoms – eg, heartburn, regurgitation, cough and hoarseness. […] The prognosis is probably good, in that the (limited) evidence so far suggests that most patients have an improvement in symptoms over time, and that DOS and HO are unlikely to progress to the more severe condition of achalasia.

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