Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Acute Myeloid Leukemia (Nursing) – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK568718/

  Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most common leukemia among the adult population and accounts for about 80% of all cases. […] With recent advancements in the management guidelines, the cure rates have increased up to 15% in patients older than 60 years and about 40% in patients below 60 years of age. […] Nursing Diagnosis includes Anorexia, Fatigue, malaise, Weakness, Bruising, Bone pain, Fever, Frequent infections, Nose bleeds. […] Due to ineffective erythropoiesis and bone marrow failure, patients experience a variety of symptoms including recurrent infections, anemia, easy bruising, excessive bleeding, headaches, and bone pains. […] Individuals who achieve complete remission (CR) with a blast count of less than 5% in the bone marrow after induction therapy tend to have increased survival.

• #2 Acute Myeloid Leukemia (Nursing) – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/books/NBK568718/

  Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most common leukemia among the adult population and accounts for about 80% of all cases. […] With recent advancements in the management guidelines, the cure rates have increased up to 15% in patients older than 60 years and about 40% in patients below 60 years of age. […] Despite many advances, the malignancy still carries a poor prognosis. Hence, it is best managed by a multidisciplinary team that includes a hematologist, oncologist, internist, pathologist, and an intensivist. The oncology nurse is vital for treatment administration and monitoring for potential complications. […] The nurse should educate the patient on infection prevention by washing hands, rinsing all fruits and vegetables, avoiding crowds and seeking help at the first sign of fever. […] The oncology nurse is vital for treatment administration and monitoring for potential complications.

• #2 Acute Myeloid Leukemia (Nursing) – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK568718/

  Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most common leukemia among the adult population and accounts for about 80% of all cases. […] With recent advancements in the management guidelines, the cure rates have increased up to 15% in patients older than 60 years and about 40% in patients below 60 years of age. […] Nursing Diagnosis includes Anorexia, Fatigue, malaise, Weakness, Bruising, Bone pain, Fever, Frequent infections, Nose bleeds. […] Due to ineffective erythropoiesis and bone marrow failure, patients experience a variety of symptoms including recurrent infections, anemia, easy bruising, excessive bleeding, headaches, and bone pains. […] Individuals who achieve complete remission (CR) with a blast count of less than 5% in the bone marrow after induction therapy tend to have increased survival.

• #3 Leukemia: Nursing Diagnoses, Care Plans, Assessment & Interventions | NurseTogether

  https://www.nursetogether.com/leukemia-nursing-diagnosis-care-plan/

  Leukemia is classified according to the rate at which the condition progresses and whether the leukemia cells come from lymphoid or myeloid cells. […] Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML) is the most common acute form in adults and is characterized by uncontrolled proliferation of myeloblasts and hyperplasia of the bone marrow. Clinical manifestations include fatigue, weakness, mouth sores, headache, bleeding, fever, anemia, and gingival hyperplasia. […] Nurses support patients with leukemia by providing supportive care, especially for those who are undergoing chemotherapy, radiation, and other biologic therapies. It is essential to manage and prevent complications, provide comfort measures, patient and family education, and continuous emotional support. […] Nursing interventions and care are essential for the patients recovery.

• #4 Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) – Leukaemia Foundation

  https://www.leukaemia.org.au/blood-cancer/types-of-blood-cancer/leukaemia/acute-myeloid-leukaemia/

  Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is a type of cancer that affects the blood and bone marrow. AML is not a single disease. It is the name given to a group of leukaemias that develop in the myeloid cell line in the bone marrow. Myeloid cells are red blood cells, platelets and all white blood cells excluding lymphocytes. […] Acute myeloid leukaemia is sometimes called acute myelocytic, myelogenous or granulocytic leukaemia. […] The main symptoms of AML are caused by a lack of normal blood cells. Because AML develops quickly people usually report feeling unwell for only a short period of time (days or weeks) before they are diagnosed. Common AML symptoms may include: anaemia due to a lack of red cells, causing persistent tiredness, dizziness, paleness, or shortness of breath when physically active; frequent or repeated infections and slow healing due to a lack of normal white cells, especially neutrophils; increased or unexplained bleeding or bruising, due to a very low platelet count; bone pain, swollen lymph nodes (glands), swollen gums, chest pain and abdominal discomfort due to a swollen spleen or liver. […] Visit our online support service for blood cancer patients. […] Fill out this form to speak with a Blood Cancer Support Coordinator.

• #5 Nursing care plan for acute myeloid leukemia

  https://nursipedia.com/nursing-care-plan-acute-myeloid-leukemia/

  Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is a type of cancer that affects the blood, bone marrow cells and lymph nodes. In recent years, advances in treatment of this form of leukaemia have made it more manageable than ever before. It is important to create a comprehensive nursing care plan to ensure that the patient is monitored, treated and supported throughout the treatment process. […] The nurse must assess the patient’s physical, psychological and emotional well-being in order to determine the best type of care for the individual. […] Assessing the patient will provide essential information about their overall health. This will help the health team to design a nursing care plan to address any immediate needs and plan for future needs. […] Nurses use nursing diagnosis to identify problems and develop suitable plans for responding to them. This involves assessing the physical, psychological and emotional needs of the patient and making an informed decision about the most appropriate response.

• #6 Leukemia: Nursing Diagnosis & Interventions | Nurse.com

  https://www.nurse.com/clinical-guides/leukemia/?srsltid=AfmBOooQsq-OSCzh4as9qAZ8Lxr7SKWBEv8azuzZ60YPhJEpyi21hHUh

  Leukemia patients often experience fatigue, infection risk, bleeding, and emotional distress. Nurses must focus on managing these symptoms and providing education and support throughout the treatment process. […] Monitor CBC and differential: Watch for signs of increased risk for infection (neutropenia), anemia, and thrombocytopenia. […] Evaluate for signs of infection: Fever, chills, and any new symptoms should be reported immediately, as leukemia patients are immunocompromised. […] Assess bleeding: Look for petechiae, bruising, and bleeding gums, particularly in thrombocytopenic patients. […] Psychosocial assessment: Determine the patients coping mechanisms, support system, and need for psychological support. […] Risk for infection related to leukopenia and immunosuppressive treatments

• #7 8 Leukemia Nursing Care Plans – Nurseslabs

  https://nurseslabs.com/leukemia-nursing-care-plans/

  The nursing management and care plan for patients with leukemia involve several important aspects. Nurses play a crucial role in assessing and monitoring patients, managing symptoms, and providing support throughout the treatment journey. […] The following are the nursing priorities for patients with leukemia: Minimizing infection through infection control, Managing side effects of chemotherapy, Managing pain, Providing emotional support, Providing health teachings. […] Goals and expected outcomes may include: The client will identify actions to prevent/reduce risk of infection. The client will demonstrate techniques, and lifestyle changes to promote a safe environment, and achieve timely healing. […] Clients with leukemia are at risk for infection due to the diseases impact on the bone marrow and immune system.

• #8 8 Leukemia Nursing Care Plans – Nurseslabs

  https://nurseslabs.com/leukemia-nursing-care-plans/

  Infection prevention strategies are essential in reducing the risk of complications and ensuring optimal treatment outcomes. […] Clients with leukemia are at risk for deficient fluid volume due to several factors, including excessive losses through vomiting, diarrhea, or bleeding, decreased fluid intake due to poor appetite, and increased fluid needs resulting from fever or chemotherapy. […] Effective pain management is essential to alleviate suffering, enhance quality of life, and promote patient comfort. Nursing interventions play a pivotal role in managing acute pain in these patients. […] Health teachings and patient education empower individuals to make informed decisions, manage treatment-related symptoms, and adopt healthy lifestyle practices. […] By promptly recognizing and reporting these potential complications, nurses enable the healthcare team to initiate appropriate interventions, such as administering antibiotics, managing pain, providing transfusions, or adjusting treatment regimens.

• #9 Nursing Care Plan AML | PDF | Leukemia | Chemotherapy

  https://www.scribd.com/doc/62062942/Nursing-Care-Plan-AML

  1. Monitor for signs and symptoms of infection and bleeding. 2. Implement isolation precautions and promote hygiene to prevent infection. 3. Administer medications, blood products, and colony stimulating factors as ordered to treat the leukemia and protect from complications. […] 1. Monitor for signs and symptoms of infection and bleeding. 2. Implement isolation precautions and promote hygiene to prevent infection. 3. Administer medications, blood products, and colony stimulating factors as ordered to treat the leukemia and protect from complications.

• #10 Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Treatment of Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Treatment of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/197802-treatment

  Treatment options for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) comprise a variety of chemotherapy regimens, biologic agents, and stem cell transplantation. […] Current standard chemotherapy regimens cure only a minority of patients with AML. As a result, all patients should be evaluated for entry into well-designed clinical trials. If a clinical trial is not available, the patient can be treated with standard therapy. […] For consolidation chemotherapy or for the management of toxic effects of chemotherapy, readmission is required. […] Patients with AML should follow a neutropenic diet (ie, no fresh fruits or vegetables). All foods should be cooked. Meats should be cooked completely (ie, well done). […] Patients should limit their activity to what is tolerable. They should refrain from strenuous activities (eg, lifting, exercise).

• #11 Leukemia: Nursing Diagnosis & Interventions | Nurse.com

  https://www.nurse.com/clinical-guides/leukemia/?srsltid=AfmBOooQsq-OSCzh4as9qAZ8Lxr7SKWBEv8azuzZ60YPhJEpyi21hHUh

  Risk for bleeding related to thrombocytopenia and bone marrow suppression […] Fatigue related to anemia and the effects of chemotherapy […] Disturbed body image related to hair loss, weight loss, and pallor from leukemia treatment. […] Infection prevention: Implement neutropenic precautions, such as hand hygiene, limiting visitors, and avoiding exposure to infectious agents. […] Bleeding precautions: Educate the patient on avoiding activities that may lead to injury, using soft toothbrushes, and avoiding over-the-counter medications like aspirin. […] Supportive care: Provide energy-conserving strategies for managing fatigue, such as frequent rest periods and small, nutrient-dense meals. […] Emotional support: Offer counseling services and encourage participation in leukemia support groups. Assist patients with coping strategies and body image issues, including hair loss management.

• #12 Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Treatment of Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Treatment of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/197802-treatment

  Patients with AML are best treated at a center whose staff has significant experience in the treatment of leukemia. Patients should be transferred to an appropriate (generally tertiary care) hospital if they are admitted to hospitals without appropriate blood product support, leukapheresis capabilities, or physicians and nurses familiar with the treatment of leukemia patients. […] Appropriate transfusion support must be provided to patients with AML. This includes transfusion of platelets and clotting factors (fresh frozen plasma [FFP], cryoprecipitate) as guided by the patients blood test results and bleeding history. Blood products must be irradiated to prevent transfusion-associated graft versus host disease (GVHD). […] When receiving chemotherapy, patients should avoid exposure to crowds and people with contagious illnesses, especially children with viral infections. Any patient with neutropenic fever or infection should immediately be treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics.

• #13 Leukemia: Nursing Diagnoses, Care Plans, Assessment & Interventions | NurseTogether

  https://www.nursetogether.com/leukemia-nursing-diagnosis-care-plan/

  Support the patient and their families and offer plenty of resources to reduce financial, emotional, and caregiving burdens. […] Bone pain is common in patients diagnosed with leukemia. Pain occurs when the bone marrow expands from the accumulation of abnormal white blood cells. […] Cancer-related fatigue is a common symptom in patients diagnosed with leukemia. […] Patients with leukemia are at risk for developing infections as they have a low white blood cell count and a compromised immune system. In addition, cancer treatments like chemotherapy can destroy both cancer and healthy infection-fighting white blood cells.

• #14 Self-Care During Acute Myeloid Leukemia Treatment: 6 Tips

  https://www.healthline.com/health/aml/self-care-during-treatment

  The acute myeloid leukemia (AML) treatment process typically involves two chemotherapy stages: induction and consolidation. During these stages, doctors try to reduce and eliminate the leukemia cells in the blood. […] Practicing self-care can make it easier for you to manage AML treatment. It can also give you the strength needed to support and protect your body during this time. […] AML treatment may affect your food preferences and appetite. The National Cancer Institute offers a guide for managing diet through cancer treatment. […] You may not feel like exercising during AML treatment, but many find that moderate activity helps relieve fatigue. It can also help stop muscle loss and maintain strength while you’re undergoing cancer therapy. […] AML diagnosis and treatment can trigger many emotional responses.

• #15 Supporting a Loved One with Acute Myeloid Leukemia

  https://www.healthline.com/health/leukemia/caring-for-loved-ones

  People with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) typically receive chemotherapy and sometimes targeted treatments. During and after AML treatment, people with this cancer might need to rely on caregivers for physical, emotional, and practical support. […] As a caregiver, you can help your loved one manage their feelings and support their mental health. […] You can also help them stay physically active by joining them on walks or other daily activities, like gardening. […] The Leukemia and Lymphoma Society (LLS) recommends caregivers only do what the person with cancer cannot. This helps them maintain a sense of independence, which can make it easier for people to accept help when it’s most needed. […] You may want to help your loved one with AML prepare meals. Because of AML treatment, your loved one might find it hard to enjoy foods they once did.

• #16 Acute myelogenous leukemia – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/acute-myelogenous-leukemia/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20369115

  Acute myeloid leukemia diagnosis often begins with an exam that checks for bruising, bleeding in the mouth or gums, infection, and swollen lymph nodes. Other tests include blood and lab tests, bone marrow biopsy, lumbar puncture, and imaging. […] Our caring team of Mayo Clinic experts can help you with your acute myelogenous leukemia-related health concerns. […] Many types of treatment exist for acute myelogenous leukemia, also called AML. Treatment depends on several factors, including the subtype of the disease, your age, your overall health, your prognosis and your preferences. […] Treatment usually has two phases: Remission induction therapy. This first phase aims to kill the leukemia cells in your blood and bone marrow. But it doesn’t usually destroy all the leukemia cells. You will need further treatment to keep the disease from coming back.

• #17 Acute myelogenous leukemia – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/acute-myelogenous-leukemia/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20369115

  Consolidation therapy. This phase also is called post-remission therapy or maintenance therapy. It aims to kill the remaining leukemia cells. Consolidation therapy is crucial to helping lower the risk of relapse. […] Chemotherapy treats cancer with strong medicines. Most chemotherapy medicines are given through a vein. Some come in pill form. Chemotherapy is the main type of remission induction therapy. It also may be used for consolidation therapy. […] A bone marrow transplant, also called a bone marrow stem cell transplant, involves putting healthy bone marrow stem cells into the body. These cells replace cells hurt by chemotherapy and other treatments. A bone marrow stem cell transplant may be used for both remission induction and consolidation therapy. […] Some people with leukemia choose to enroll in clinical trials to try experimental treatments or new combinations of known therapies.

• #18 Typical Treatment of Acute Myeloid Leukemia (Except APL) | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/acute-myeloid-leukemia/treating/typical-treatment-of-aml.html

  The first phase of treatment for AML is aimed at quickly getting rid of as many leukemia cells as possible. […] People usually need to stay in the hospital during induction (and possibly for some time afterward). Induction destroys most of the normal bone marrow cells as well as the leukemia cells, so most people develop dangerously low blood counts, and may be very ill. Most people need antibiotics and blood product transfusions. […] Induction is considered successful if the leukemia goes into remission. Further treatment (called consolidation) is given then to try to destroy any remaining leukemia cells and help prevent a relapse. […] In some situations, maintenance therapy might be an option for further treatment. This is also sometimes called post-consolidation therapy. In this phase, treatment is given over a longer period of time (and often at lower doses). The intent is to keep the leukemia from coming back for as long as possible.

• #19 Patient education: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) treatment in adults (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/acute-myeloid-leukemia-aml-treatment-in-adults-beyond-the-basics

  ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA OVERVIEW […] Acute myeloid leukemia (also called AML) is a cancer of blood and bone marrow cells. AML affects a category of cells called myeloid cells, and it is called acute because it develops and advances quickly, and requires prompt treatment. […] GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA TREATMENT […] A number of chemotherapy medications are effective against AML. The goal of treatment is to kill the malignant cells while limiting the effects on the residual normal bone marrow cells. […] REMISSION INDUCTION IN AML […] The initial phase of treatment is called remission induction (or induction therapy). The goal of induction therapy is to decrease the number of leukemia cells to an undetectable level, restore the production of normal blood cells, and relieve AML-related symptoms.

• #20 Patient education: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) treatment in adults (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/acute-myeloid-leukemia-aml-treatment-in-adults-beyond-the-basics

  Induction therapy frequently results in a complete remission of the AML, meaning that there are no visible leukemia cells in the blood or bone marrow when examined under a microscope, and the bone marrow is functioning normally. However, such remissions are usually short-lived unless additional post-remission therapy is given. […] Complete remission — The first goal of AML treatment is to achieve a complete remission (CR). A bone marrow biopsy and blood testing are done to determine if you have achieved a CR. […] POST-REMISSION THERAPY OF AML […] Post-remission therapy is given with the intention of killing leukemia cells that may remain in the bone marrow or blood, but are undetectable under the microscope. […] There are three basic treatment choices for post-remission therapy:

• #21 Acute Myeloid Leukemia (Nursing) – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK568718/

  The induction therapy is highly toxic to bone marrow causing pancytopenias and bleeding complications, gastrointestinal system issues, kidney failure due to tumor lysis syndrome, and electrolyte disturbances. […] The oncology nurse is vital for treatment administration and monitoring for potential complications. […] The nurse should educate the patient on infection prevention by washing hands, rinsing all fruits and vegetables, avoiding crowds and seeking help at the first sign of fever. […] After achieving CR with induction therapy, consolidation therapy is initiated with high dose cytarabine, called HiDAC and hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). […] The pharmacist should educate the patient on the chemotherapeutic drugs, their benefits, and adverse effects.

• #22 Leukemia: Nursing Diagnoses, Care Plans, Assessment & Interventions | NurseTogether

  https://www.nursetogether.com/leukemia-nursing-diagnosis-care-plan/

  The healthcare team will decide on the best treatment options depending on the following: The patients current health status, The type of leukemia, The presence of metastasis to other parts of the body. […] Chemotherapy is necessary to eradicate cancer cells. […] The following treatments may be combined for effective results: Chemotherapy, Targeted therapy, Radiation therapy, Immunotherapy, Hematopoietic cell transplant (stem cell or bone marrow transplant). […] Immunotherapy (biologic therapy) strengthens the bodys immune system to fight leukemia. […] The goal is for healthy cells to generate functional blood cells. Bone marrow/stem cell transplants may cure some types of leukemia. […] Seek emergency medical attention if there is a suspected infection. Neutropenia-related infections are potentially fatal and necessitate immediate medical attention.

• #23

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/acute-myeloid-leukaemia/treatment/

  You’ll need to stay in hospital for a few weeks after the transplant, usually in a room on your own, because you’ll have a high chance of getting infections. […] A treatment team for AML may include a: haematologist (blood cancer specialist), haemato-pathologist (specialist in the study of cancerous blood cells), paediatrician (specialist in treating children), cancer nurse specialist (sometimes called a CNS), who will be the first point of contact between you and the members of your care team.

• #24 Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) > Fact Sheets > Yale Medicine

  https://www.yalemedicine.org/conditions/acute-myeloid-leukemia-aml

  This is an encouraging time for the treatment of AML, for which many targeted therapies are now standards of care and many more are in development with promising initial results. […] Treatment of AML is divided into two phases: Induction chemotherapy and Consolidation therapy. In the initial phase of treatment, patients are given chemotherapy drugs with the aim of killing as many leukemia cells as possible. The goal is to put the cancer into complete remission. […] The second phase of treatment begins once AML is in remission. The goal of this phase is to kill leukemia cells that remain in the body, thereby lowering the risk that the cancer will return. […] In addition to chemotherapy and stem cell transplantation, other treatments for AML may be used, including targeted therapy, which uses drugs designed to target specific components found in cancer cells but not healthy cells.

• #25 Acute Myeloid Leukemia (Discharge Care)

  https://www.drugs.com/cg/acute-myeloid-leukemia-discharge-care.html

  You will need to see your oncologist for ongoing treatment. Write down your questions so you remember to ask them during your visits. […] Alcohol can thin your blood and make it easier to bleed. Smoking increases your risk for new or returning cancer. Smoking can also delay healing after treatment. […] High-fiber foods, extra liquids, and regular exercise can help you prevent constipation. […] Eating healthy foods may help you feel better and have more energy. […] For most people, healthy liquids to drink are water, juices, and milk.

• #26 Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Care Instructions | Kaiser Permanente

  https://healthy.kaiserpermanente.org/health-wellness/health-encyclopedia/he.acute-myeloid-leukemia-care-instructions.uf8953

  Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a cancer of the blood cells. It happens when young white blood cells in the bone marrow don’t mature like they should. Instead, they become leukemia cells. These leukemia cells can crowd out the healthy blood cells in your blood and bone marrow. And they can spread outside the blood to other parts of the body, such as the spleen. […] Follow-up care is a key part of your treatment and safety. Be sure to make and go to all appointments, and call your doctor if you are having problems. It’s also a good idea to know your test results and keep a list of the medicines you take. […] Take your medicines exactly as prescribed. Call your doctor if you think you are having a problem with your medicine. […] Follow your doctor’s instructions to relieve pain. Pain from cancer and surgery can almost always be controlled. Use pain medicine when you first notice pain, before it becomes severe.

• #27 Coping and support when you have acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/acute-myeloid-leukaemia-aml/living-with/coping-acute-myeloid-leukaemia

  You will have a clinical nurse specialist (CNS) who will support you throughout your treatment. If you are having a transplant you’ll also have a transplant specialist nurse. […] The specialist nurse is very useful for people who have AML. Most people don’t know much about AML as it is rare, so your specialist nurse can help you with any information you don’t understand. They can also give you emotional and psychological support. […] Your specialist nurse is your main contact. They can recommend support services such as a psychiatrist, social worker or counsellor and help you contact them. […] You might need some care and support at home due to your leukaemia or its treatment. There is practical and emotional support available to you. […] Your GP manages your healthcare when you are at home. They can help with any medical problems that come up. They can also make referrals to a community service for you.

• #28 Leukemia: Nursing Diagnosis & Interventions | Nurse.com

  https://www.nurse.com/clinical-guides/leukemia/?srsltid=AfmBOooQsq-OSCzh4as9qAZ8Lxr7SKWBEv8azuzZ60YPhJEpyi21hHUh

  Patient will remain free of infection and bleeding complications […] Fatigue will be managed effectively with appropriate interventions […] Patient will demonstrate understanding of leukemia and its treatment, including potential side effects […] Patient will develop coping strategies to manage the emotional and physical challenges of leukemia. […] Educate the patient and family about the importance of infection prevention and how to recognize signs of infection, such as fever. […] Discuss potential side effects of chemotherapy and targeted therapies, including nausea, hair loss, and increased risk of bleeding. […] Provide information about stem cell transplantation, if applicable, including the process and potential complications. […] Encourage caregivers to provide emotional support and help manage the patients day-to-day needs, including transportation to treatments and ensuring medication adherence.

• #29 Your Health Care Team for Acute Myeloid Leukaemia | Cancer Council NSW

  https://www.cancercouncil.com.au/acute-myeloid-leukaemia/diagnosis/health-professionals/

  Your general practitioner (GP) will often arrange the first tests to assess your symptoms. If acute myeloid leukaemia is diagnosed, the specialist will consider treatment options. Often these will be discussed with other health professionals at what is known as a multidisciplinary team (MDT) meeting. During and after treatment, you will see a range of health professionals who specialise in different aspects of your care. […] haematology nurse administers chemotherapy and other drugs and provides care, support and information throughout treatment. […] palliative care specialists and nurses work closely with the GP and cancer team to help control symptoms and maintain quality of life.

• #30 Acute Myelogenous Leukemia

  https://www.rwjbh.org/treatment-care/cancer/types-of-cancer/blood-cancer/acute-myelogenous-leukemia-aml-/

  Nurse navigators help secure appointments, coordinate follow-up visits related to treatments and procedures, and guide you through aspects of survivorship. […] Our compassionate team of oncologists and cancer specialists will work with you to create a personalized care plan that empowers you to continue with your normal routine. […] A care plan for AML depends on: The type of acute myelogenous leukemia, Age, Overall health, Personal preferences. […] Acute myelogenous leukemia treatment can be divided into two phases: Remission induction therapy. The goal during this phase is to kill leukemia cells. Not all cells are usually able to be killed, so patients typically need further treatment to prevent leukemia recurrence. […] Consolidation therapy. The goal during this phase is to kill the remaining leukemia cells. This phase may also be referred to as post-remission therapy or maintenance therapy.

• #31

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/acute-myeloid-leukaemia/treatment/

  Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is an aggressive cancer that grows quickly, so treatment will usually begin a few days after a diagnosis has been confirmed. […] As AML is a complex condition, it’s usually treated by a group of different specialists working together called a multidisciplinary team (MDT). […] The treatment will be carried out in hospital or in a specialist centre, as you’ll need very close medical and nursing supervision. […] You’ll also be vulnerable to infection, so it’s important that you’re in a clean and stable environment where your health can be carefully monitored and any infection you have can be treated quickly. […] Most side effects should resolve once treatment has finished. Tell a member of your care team if side effects become particularly troublesome, as there are medicines that can help you cope better with certain side effects.

• #32 In-Hospital Treatment

  https://www.amlcare.co.uk/content/amlcare/uk/home-page/managing-aml/in-hospital-treatment.html

  Acute Myeloid Leukaemia (AML) can progress very quickly without treatment. […] Because of this, doctors might recommend staying in the hospital for several weeks when starting rounds of anticancer treatments. This in-hospital treatment allows for close monitoring of how the body responds to treatment. […] If doctors recommend in-hospital treatment, this usually involves staying in the haematology ward in the hospital for chemotherapy. […] After the first round of chemotherapy, doctors will perform blood tests and a bone marrow test. These results will show how the body is responding to treatment and if it has started to slow the production of abnormal white blood cells. […] If you ever have any questions or concerns, reach out to your doctors and nurses for support. […] Some patients may require additional treatments, such as another course of chemotherapy or a bone marrow transplant.

• #33 In-Hospital Treatment

  https://www.amlcare.co.uk/content/amlcare/uk/home-page/managing-aml/in-hospital-treatment.html

  A central venous access (or a CVA) is a way of giving anticancer treatments straight into the bloodstream. […] This allows the treatment to work and destroy cancerous cells. […] If you ever have any questions or concerns, reach out to your doctors and nurses for support. […] Unfortunately, some people being treated for AML may experience serious side effects or may not respond to treatment as hoped. […] In these cases, doctors often organise a transfer to a different part of the hospital. […] To support this, its normal for doctors and nurses to limit visiting hours to certain times of the day. […] Caring for someone with Acute Myeloid Leukaemia, or AML, can be physically and emotionally challenging.

• #34 Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) Treatment | St. Jude Care & Treatment

  https://www.stjude.org/care-treatment/treatment/childhood-cancer/leukemia-lymphoma/acute-myeloid-leukemia-aml.html

  St. Jude provides the highest quality of care for patients with AML: […] The nurse-to-patient ratio at St. Jude is about 1:3 in hematology and oncology and 1:1 in the Intensive Care Unit. […] St. Jude offers a dedicated team of specialists to meet the needs of children with cancer, including: Surgeons, doctors, and nurses who treat this cancer […] Patients accepted to St. Jude must have a disease we treat and must be referred by a physician or other qualified medical professional.

• #35 Follow-up after treatment for acute myeloid leukemia | Canadian Cancer Society

  https://cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/acute-myeloid-leukemia-aml/treatment/follow-up

  Follow-up care lets your healthcare team keep track of your health for a period of time after treatment ends. Follow-up for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an important part of cancer care and is often shared among the cancer specialists (oncologists or hematologists) and your family doctor. They will help you recover from treatment side effects and monitor you for any signs that the cancer has come back (recurred). […] Follow-up visits or tests for AML are usually scheduled: frequently, likely every 1 to 2 months, for 2 years after treatment is finished (even if there are no signs of disease) […] During a follow-up visit, your healthcare team will usually ask questions about the side effects of treatment and how you’re coping. […] Tests are often part of follow-up care. You may have: a complete blood count (CBC) to check for abnormal blood cell counts […] If the cancer has come back, you and your healthcare team will discuss your treatment and care.

• #36 Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) | Macmillan Cancer Support

  https://www.macmillan.org.uk/cancer-information-and-support/leukaemia/acute-myeloid-leukaemia-aml

  After your treatment, you will have regular check-ups which continue for several years. Your doctor asks you how you have been feeling and if you have any new or ongoing side effects. […] If AML comes back after treatment, it may be possible to have more treatment with chemotherapy and targeted or immunotherapy drugs. The aim is to get a second remission. Some people go on to have a stem cell transplant when they are in remission again.

• #37 Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) | Macmillan Cancer Support

  https://www.macmillan.org.uk/cancer-information-and-support/leukaemia/acute-myeloid-leukaemia-aml

  It is important to look after yourself during treatment and while you recover. Some side effects may take months to improve. While your blood cells are still recovering you will need to avoid possible risks of infection. […] After treatment, you will also be advised to avoid some vaccines that are not safe to have until your immune system recovers. Your doctor will explain more about this. […] During treatment you will have blood tests and samples of your bone marrow taken to check for leukaemia cells. The results tell your doctor how well your treatment is working. It also helps them decide what treatment you may need next to give you the best chance of a cure. […] Your doctor will explain if your treatment may affect whether you can get pregnant or make someone pregnant. Some people may be able to have fertility preservation before treatment. Because treatment needs to start quickly, this is not always possible.

• #38 Early Palliative Care in Acute Myeloid Leukemia

  https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/14/3/478

  Several new targeted drugs for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have been developed in recent years. […] Early palliative care should be the standard of care for patients with AML. […] Early palliative care (EPC) should become the new standard of care for AML patients. […] The integration of early palliative care (EPC) with standard oncologic care a few weeks after diagnosis has demonstrated several benefits. […] The acknowledgment of the successful models of EPC discussed above raises several challenges that may spur future research. […] The integrated model may improve quality of life, promote adaptive coping, reduce depression, anxiety, and PTSD symptoms, and enhance the quality of medical assistance and of end-of-life care.

• #39 End stage AML: Symptoms, care, comfort, and more

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/signs-of-dying-from-aml

  It can be difficult to know what to expect as people with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) near the end of their lives. However, there are various ways doctors can make sure a persons death is as peaceful and comfortable as possible. […] Regardless of symptoms or situation, healthcare professionals will ensure the person has the best end-of-life care. […] End-of-life care aims to support the individual and their families and enhance their quality of life as much as possible, including providing comfort and managing pain. […] Support involves asking individuals how they want to be cared for and offering support to their families and caregivers. […] The ultimate goal in end stage care is to make people as comfortable as possible. […] Asking a person about their end-of-life wishes and requests will help them feel they have respect and value. This includes following through with the manner of treatment they prefer.

• #40 Coping and support when you have acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/acute-myeloid-leukaemia-aml/living-with/coping-acute-myeloid-leukaemia

  These nurses work in different places in your local area and may visit you in your home. They can: give medicines or injections, check temperature, blood pressure and breathing, clean and dress wounds, monitor or set up drips, give emotional support, teach basic caring skills to family members where needed, get special equipment, such as commodes or bed pans. […] Community specialist palliative care nurses include Macmillan nurses and hospice nurses. They specialise in advice about pain control, sickness and other symptoms of leukaemia. They also give emotional support to you and your carers. […] Marie Curie nurses give nursing care to people with advanced cancer in their own homes. They can visit during the day or spend the night in your home to give your carers a break. […] Social workers can help to support you with your situation at home. They can arrange home helps to help with shopping or housework, home care assistants for washing and dressing, meals on wheels, respite care. […] Your social worker can also help with money matters by checking you get all the benefits you are entitled to. Or they can advise you about charity grants for things like extra heating costs or special diets.

• #41 Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Blood Cancer, Information, Resources

  https://www.cancercare.org/diagnosis/acute_myeloid_leukemia

  Cancer Care provides free, professional support services for people affected by acute myeloid leukemia (AML), as well as AML treatment information and additional resources. […] Oncology social workers help you cope with the emotional and practical challenges of acute myeloid leukemia. […] Find resources and support to manage your financial concerns. Limited assistance from Cancer Care is available to eligible families for cancer-related costs. […] Connect with others in our free support groups led by oncology social workers. […] Cancer Care offers specialized programs to address specific populations and concerns. […] Read or order our free Connect booklets and fact sheets offering easy-to-read information about the latest cancer treatments, managing side effects and coping with cancer. […] Treatment Update: Acute Myeloid Leukemia. […] Know AML is the first global education and awareness initiative that provides patients and caregivers with the information, resources, and support they need to deal with acute myeloid leukemia (AML).

• #42 Supporting a Loved One with Acute Myeloid Leukemia

  https://www.healthline.com/health/leukemia/caring-for-loved-ones

  People with AML might also experience neutropenia, which is a lack of infection-fighting white blood cells. You can help them prepare meals in a way that reduces the chances of infection, such as following food preparation best practices. […] Caregivers can provide invaluable assistance by staying up to date and organized. […] By attending appointments with your loved one, you can stay up to date with the treatment plan. […] You can take on the role of a notetaker, writing down important details of conversations with the healthcare team. […] The healthcare team can also be an important resource for you if you have concerns about your loved one’s well-being. […] It’s very important that you take care of yourself first before taking care of others, and it’s perfectly fine to take a break.

• #43 Supporting a Loved One with Acute Myeloid Leukemia

  https://www.healthline.com/health/leukemia/caring-for-loved-ones

  By taking time to look after yourself, you might feel better able to handle the emotional challenges of caring for someone with AML. […] Your loved one may rely on you to help with daily errands and to manage medical care. […] It’s important for caregivers to take time for themselves so they can manage their own feelings and stress during this time.

• #44 Determinants of Outcomes for Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients Treated in a Community-Based Specialized Versus Non-Specialized Hospital Setting | Published in Clinical Hematology International

  https://chi.scholasticahq.com/article/124273-determinants-of-outcomes-for-acute-myeloid-leukemia-patients-treated-in-a-community-based-specialized-versus-non-specialized-hospital-setting

  The treatment setting influences acute myeloid leukemia (AML) outcomes. […] AML treatment may be effectively delivered in the community hospital setting, with specialized centers producing better outcomes for higher intensity treatments. […] Understanding the outcomes for AML therapy requires an appreciation of the treatment setting. […] As with other complex therapies, treatment of AML varies among centers, including patient selection for aggressive therapy, supportive care practices and management of disease and treatment-related complications. […] Identification of center characteristics that improve survival is necessary to improve care delivery in the community setting. […] Our findings support the overall strategy in our community health network for establishment of specialized high-volume centers for the treatment of AML.

• #45 Determinants of Outcomes for Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients Treated in a Community-Based Specialized Versus Non-Specialized Hospital Setting | Published in Clinical Hematology International

  https://chi.scholasticahq.com/article/124273-determinants-of-outcomes-for-acute-myeloid-leukemia-patients-treated-in-a-community-based-specialized-versus-non-specialized-hospital-setting

  For AML patients treated with high intensity chemotherapy induction, initial management at a specialized center produced superior survival. […] The analysis of facility characteristics demonstrated that qualification of a center as a member of SCBCN was associated with improved survival, underscoring the importance of infrastructure, quality systems and volume in achieving improved outcomes. […] Our data add to the evidence suggesting that AML induction can be effectively delivered in the community, provided there is speedy access to high-volume centers for allogeneic transplantation, as in our network. […] In conclusion, our analysis describes real-world outcomes for AML. It shows the existence of a center-effect for specialized centers independent of NCICCC designation, superior outcomes for higher intensity therapy, and that treatment in the broader community hospital setting was not inferior to the SEER dataset.

• #46 Nursing care plan for acute myeloid leukemia

  https://nursipedia.com/nursing-care-plan-acute-myeloid-leukemia/

  Evaluating the effectiveness of a nursing care plan is essential. Regular assessments should be carried out to evaluate the patients progress and any changes that have occurred during care. Evaluation will help to ensure that any adverse effects are minimised and that the patient is receiving the best possible care. […] A comprehensive nursing care plan is essential for the successful treatment of acute myeloid leukaemia. By assessing the patients physical, psychological and emotional needs, nurses can identify problems and develop an appropriate plan of care. This plan should include interventions that are based on evidence-based practice and should be evaluated regularly to ensure that treatment is effective and beneficial for the patient. Overall, a comprehensive nursing care plan ensures that the patients needs are being met and that their care is optimal.

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