Oparzenie słoneczne
Zapobieganie i profilaktyka
Oparzenie słoneczne to zapalna reakcja skóry wywołana nadmierną ekspozycją na promieniowanie UV, zwłaszcza UVB, z maksymalnym nasileniem objawów około 24 godziny po ekspozycji. Uszkodzenia komórkowe, w tym trwałe uszkodzenia DNA, zwiększają ryzyko rozwoju raka skóry oraz przyspieszają proces starzenia się skóry. Czynniki ryzyka obejmują czas i porę ekspozycji, fototyp skóry (szczególnie I-III), stosowanie leków zwiększających fotowrażliwość oraz warunki środowiskowe, takie jak odbicie promieni UV od powierzchni (woda, śnieg, beton, piasek) i wysokość nad poziomem morza. Profilaktyka opiera się na ograniczeniu ekspozycji w godzinach 10:00-16:00, stosowaniu kremów z filtrem o szerokim spektrum działania (SPF ≥30, wodoodpornych), noszeniu odzieży ochronnej z wysokim UPF, okularów przeciwsłonecznych blokujących UVA i UVB oraz korzystaniu z cienia. Kremy przeciwsłoneczne powinny być aplikowane obficie (ok. 30 ml na całe ciało dorosłego) na 20-30 minut przed ekspozycją i reaplikowane co 2 godziny lub po kontakcie z wodą czy poceniu się.
- Oparzenie słoneczne – wprowadzenie do profilaktyki
- Czynniki ryzyka oparzenia słonecznego
- Strategie zapobiegania oparzeniom słonecznym
- Unikanie ekspozycji na słońce
- Stosowanie kremów z filtrem przeciwsłonecznym
- Zrozumienie SPF (Sun Protection Factor)
- Odzież ochronna i akcesoria
- Korzystanie z cienia
- Ochrona przeciwsłoneczna dla specjalnych grup populacji
- Mity i błędne przekonania dotyczące opalania
- Ochrona przeciwsłoneczna przez cały rok
- Zintegrowane podejście do profilaktyki
- Edukacja w zakresie profilaktyki
- Podsumowanie zasad profilaktyki oparzenia słonecznego
Oparzenie słoneczne – wprowadzenie do profilaktyki
Oparzenie słoneczne to stan zapalny skóry powstający w wyniku nadmiernej ekspozycji na promieniowanie ultrafioletowe (UV) słońca, szczególnie na promieniowanie UVB. Maksymalny stan zapalny występuje zwykle około 24 godziny po ekspozycji. Oparzenia słoneczne nie tylko powodują dyskomfort, ale znacząco zwiększają ryzyko rozwoju raka skóry i przyspieszają jej starzenie się.12
Każdy przypadek oparzenia słonecznego wiąże się z uszkodzeniem komórek skóry przez promieniowanie UVA i UVB. Chociaż objawy oparzenia słonecznego są zazwyczaj tymczasowe, DNA komórek skóry może zostać trwale uszkodzone, z możliwymi długoterminowymi konsekwencjami, w tym rakiem skóry i przedwczesnym starzeniem się skóry.34
Skuteczna profilaktyka oparzenia słonecznego wymaga kompleksowego podejścia, które obejmuje unikanie nadmiernej ekspozycji na słońce, stosowanie kremów z filtrem UV, noszenie odzieży ochronnej oraz poszukiwanie cienia. Profilaktyka ma kluczowe znaczenie, ponieważ uszkodzenia komórkowe spowodowane promieniowaniem UV są nieodwracalne i mogą z czasem zwiększać ryzyko raka skóry.56
Czynniki ryzyka oparzenia słonecznego
Do czynników ryzyka oparzenia słonecznego należą: czas ekspozycji skóry na promieniowanie UV, pora dnia ekspozycji na słońce, stopień zubożenia warstwy ozonowej, ekspozycja na niektóre leki oraz fototyp skóry. Pacjenci z fototypami I, II lub III są bardziej podatni na oparzenia słoneczne, ponieważ ich skóra zawiera mniej melaniny blokującej promieniowanie UV. Osoby z tymi fototypami wymagają większej ochrony przed słońcem.7
Należy zauważyć, że nowotwory skóry mogą występować również u osób o ciemniejszej karnacji, choć rzadziej, i mogą być śmiertelne, jeśli diagnoza zostanie opóźniona. Istotne jest również, aby brać pod uwagę, że niektóre antybiotyki, leki przeciwdepresyjne i leki na cukrzycę mogą zwiększać wrażliwość skóry na słońce.89
Istotnym czynnikiem wpływającym na ryzyko oparzeń słonecznych są również warunki środowiskowe. Ekspozycja na słońce w okolicach wody, śniegu, betonu i piasku wymaga szczególnej ostrożności, ponieważ te powierzchnie odbijają promienie słoneczne. Ponadto promieniowanie UV jest bardziej intensywne na dużych wysokościach.10
Strategie zapobiegania oparzeniom słonecznym
Unikanie ekspozycji na słońce
Jedną z najskuteczniejszych metod zapobiegania oparzeniom słonecznym jest ograniczenie czasu spędzanego na słońcu, szczególnie w godzinach szczytu, gdy promieniowanie UV jest najsilniejsze. Najintensywniejsze promieniowanie UV występuje między godziną 10:00 a 16:00.1112
Należy pamiętać, że promieniowanie UV może również przenikać przez chmury, co oznacza, że ochrona przed słońcem jest konieczna nawet w pochmurne dni. W rzeczywistości, ekspozycja na słońce w pochmurne dni zmniejsza się tylko o około 20%, co oznacza, że nadal istnieje znaczne ryzyko oparzenia słonecznego.13
Warto zaplanować aktywności na świeżym powietrzu poza godzinami największego natężenia promieniowania UV. Jeśli to niemożliwe, należy ograniczyć czas przebywania na słońcu i w miarę możliwości szukać cienia.14
Stosowanie kremów z filtrem przeciwsłonecznym
Kremy z filtrem przeciwsłonecznym są jednym z najważniejszych środków ochrony przed oparzeniami słonecznymi. Aktywne składniki kremów przeciwsłonecznych działają poprzez rozpraszanie i/lub absorpcję promieni UV.15
Amerykańska Akademia Dermatologii zaleca, aby każdy używał kremu przeciwsłonecznego o szerokim spektrum działania (chroniącego przed promieniowaniem UVA i UVB), z filtrem SPF 30 lub wyższym oraz wodoodpornego.1617
Krem przeciwsłoneczny należy nakładać obficie na całą odsłoniętą skórę na 20-30 minut przed ekspozycją na słońce. Należy pamiętać o ponownym nałożeniu kremu po poceniu się, wycieraniu skóry ręcznikiem lub pływaniu.1819
Większość ludzi nie nakłada wystarczającej ilości kremu przeciwsłonecznego, aby osiągnąć SPF podany na etykiecie, co może prowadzić do przeszacowania poziomu ochrony i w rezultacie do oparzenia słonecznego. Na całe ciało dorosłego człowieka powinno się nałożyć około 30 ml kremu (równowartość kieliszka).2021
Zrozumienie SPF (Sun Protection Factor)
SPF (Sun Protection Factor) jest przede wszystkim wskaźnikiem tego, jak dużą ochronę krem przeciwsłoneczny zapewnia przed promieniowaniem UVB. SPF odnosi się do tego, jak długo osoba będzie chroniona przed oparzeniem. Na przykład, SPF 15 oznacza, że osoba może pozostać na słońcu 15 razy dłużej przed oparzeniem. SPF odnosi się jednak tylko do ochrony przed UVB.22
Aby chronić się przed UVA, należy szukać produktów zawierających: Mexoryl, Parsol 1789, dwutlenek tytanu, tlenek cynku lub avobenzon. Skuteczność kremów przeciwsłonecznych jest zależna od wiatru, wilgotności, pocenia się i właściwego zastosowania.23
Chociaż FDA wskazuje, że SPF 15+ jest wystarczające do ochrony przed rakiem skóry, Amerykańska Akademia Dermatologii sugeruje minimalny SPF 30+ dla ochrony przed rakiem skóry. Kremy przeciwsłoneczne, które nie mają zarówno minimalnego SPF 15+ i ochrony o szerokim spektrum, będą musiały zawierać ostrzeżenie, że spędzanie czasu na słońcu zwiększa ryzyko raka skóry i przedwczesnego starzenia się skóry, oraz że ten produkt wykazał tylko ochronę przed oparzeniami słonecznymi, a nie przed rakiem skóry czy przedwczesnym starzeniem się skóry.24
| Typ SPF | Poziom ochrony | Zalecenia stosowania |
|---|---|---|
| SPF 15 | Blokuje około 93% promieni UVB | Codzienne aktywności, minimalna ekspozycja na słońce |
| SPF 30 | Blokuje około 97% promieni UVB | Zalecany dla większości osób, dłuższa ekspozycja na słońce |
| SPF 50+ | Blokuje ponad 98% promieni UVB | Zalecany dla osób o jasnej karnacji, początek sezonu letniego, osoby z podwyższonym ryzykiem |
| Broad Spectrum | Chroni przed UVA i UVB | Wymagany do pełnej ochrony przeciwsłonecznej |
| Wodoodporny | Utrzymuje skuteczność w wodzie przez określony czas (40-80 minut) | Konieczny podczas pływania, intensywnego pocenia się |
Odzież ochronna i akcesoria
Oprócz kremów przeciwsłonecznych, ważne jest noszenie odpowiedniej odzieży ochronnej, która zapewnia dodatkową barierę przed szkodliwym promieniowaniem UV. Zaleca się noszenie kapeluszy z szerokim rondem, długich rękawów, długich spodni oraz okularów przeciwsłonecznych z ochroną UV.2526
Tkaniny o ciasnym splocie oferują lepszą ochronę niż tkaniny o luźniejszym splocie. Dostępna jest również specjalna odzież z ochroną przeciwsłoneczną, oznaczona współczynnikiem UPF (Ultraviolet Protection Factor). Im wyższy współczynnik UPF, tym skuteczniejsza ochrona przed promieniowaniem UV.2728
Okulary przeciwsłoneczne powinny blokować zarówno promieniowanie UVA, jak i UVB, aby zapewnić odpowiednią ochronę oczu. Kapelusze z szerokim rondem pomagają chronić twarz, uszy i kark, które są szczególnie narażone na oparzenia słoneczne.2930
Korzystanie z cienia
Obszary zacienione otrzymują mniej promieniowania UV i mogą zmniejszyć ryzyko oparzenia słonecznego. Korzystanie z cienia jest szczególnie ważne w godzinach największego natężenia promieniowania UV (od 10:00 do 16:00).31
Warto pamiętać, że powierzchnie takie jak woda, piasek, beton i śnieg odbijają promienie UV, co oznacza, że można doznać oparzenia słonecznego nawet siedząc w cieniu. Z tego powodu ważne jest, aby łączyć korzystanie z cienia z innymi metodami ochrony przeciwsłonecznej.32
Indeks UV został opracowany w celu przewidywania ryzyka oparzenia słonecznego w danym obszarze na podstawie lokalnych warunków pogodowych. Jest to przydatne narzędzie do planowania aktywności na świeżym powietrzu i podejmowania odpowiednich środków ochrony przeciwsłonecznej.33
Ochrona przeciwsłoneczna dla specjalnych grup populacji
Dzieci
Dzieci są bardziej narażone na oparzenia słoneczne niż dorośli, ponieważ zwykle nie są świadome ryzyka oparzenia słonecznego i rzadziej stosują środki zapobiegawcze (np. krem przeciwsłoneczny, cień). Regularne stosowanie kremu przeciwsłonecznego jest niezbędne dla dzieci.3435
Niemowlęta poniżej szóstego miesiąca życia powinny być chronione przed bezpośrednim działaniem promieni słonecznych. Generalnie nie zaleca się stosowania kremów przeciwsłonecznych u niemowląt poniżej 6 miesiąca życia z powodu braku danych dotyczących niemowląt i potencjalnej toksyczności produktu. Jeśli odpowiednia odzież i cień nie są dostępne, można nałożyć mineralny krem przeciwsłoneczny na niewielkie obszary skóry (np. twarz i grzbiety dłoni).3637
Dla dzieci powyżej 6 miesiąca życia, kluczowe jest stosowanie kremu przeciwsłonecznego o szerokim spektrum działania, wodoodpornego, z SPF co najmniej 30. Należy nakładać krem 15-30 minut przed wyjściem na zewnątrz i ponownie co 2 godziny, a częściej po pływaniu lub intensywnym poceniu się.3839
Osoby z wrażliwą skórą
Osoby z wrażliwą skórą wymagają szczególnej opieki przy wyborze kremu przeciwsłonecznego. Powinny szukać produktów oznaczonych jako hipoalergiczne lub przeznaczone dla wrażliwej skóry. Fizyczne kremy przeciwsłoneczne z tlenkiem cynku lub dwutlenkiem tytanu są zwykle lepiej tolerowane przez osoby z wrażliwym typem skóry.40
Niektóre leki mogą zwiększać wrażliwość skóry na słońce, co nazywa się fotowrażliwością. Częste leki powodujące fotowrażliwość to niektóre antybiotyki, niesteroidowe leki przeciwzapalne (NLPZ) i niektóre leki na trądzik. Ważne jest, aby skonsultować się z lekarzem w sprawie środków ostrożności związanych z opieką przeciwsłoneczną, jeśli przyjmuje się jakiekolwiek leki.41
Mity i błędne przekonania dotyczące opalania
Wbrew powszechnemu przekonaniu, opalanie nie zapewnia odporności na szkodliwe działanie słońca. Nawet jeśli łatwo się opalasz lub już masz złocistą skórę, krem przeciwsłoneczny pozostaje kluczowym elementem twojej pielęgnacji skóry. Chociaż opalona skóra może dłużej opierać się oparzeniom, nadal jest podatna na szkodliwe promieniowanie UV, które może prowadzić do przedwczesnego starzenia się i zwiększonego ryzyka raka skóry.42
Nie istnieje coś takiego jak „zdrowa opalenizna”. Niezabezpieczona ekspozycja na słońce powoduje uszkodzenie skóry i oczu, przedwczesne starzenie się skóry i osłabienie układu odpornościowego. Rak skóry zwykle pojawia się w wieku dorosłym, ale może być spowodowany nadmierną ekspozycją na słońce i oparzeniami słonecznymi w dzieciństwie.43
Łóżka opalające emitują promieniowanie UV podobne do słonecznego, zwiększając ryzyko oparzenia słonecznego i raka skóry. Powinno się ich unikać jako metody opalania.4445
Ochrona przeciwsłoneczna przez cały rok
Ochrona przeciwsłoneczna jest ważna przez cały rok, niezależnie od pogody. Promieniowanie UV może przenikać przez chmury, co oznacza, że ochrona przed słońcem jest konieczna nawet w pochmurne dni. Wiele osób błędnie zakłada, że zima oznacza brak potrzeby noszenia kremu przeciwsłonecznego, szczególnie w chłodniejszych klimatach. Jednak oparzenia słoneczne mogą wystąpić nawet podczas uprawiania sportów zimowych, takich jak narciarstwo.46
Temperatura i nasłonecznienie nie mają nic wspólnego z ryzykiem oparzenia słonecznego. Można doznać oparzenia słonecznego nawet w chłodne lub pochmurne dni, ponieważ promieniowanie UV może nadal być silne. W rzeczywistości, dziecko może być bardziej narażone na promieniowanie ultrafioletowe w pochmurne lub mgliste dni, ponieważ będzie się czuło chłodniej i dlatego może dłużej pozostać na zewnątrz.4748
Australijscy eksperci zalecają ochronę przeciwsłoneczną dla poziomów 3 i wyższych w indeksie UV. Oznacza to, że ochrona przeciwsłoneczna jest potrzebna każdego dnia, przez cały rok w większości części Australii. Ważne jest więc, aby stosowanie kremu przeciwsłonecznego stało się częścią codziennej rutyny w celu odpowiedniej ochrony przed słońcem.49
Zintegrowane podejście do profilaktyki
Najskuteczniejszą metodą zapobiegania oparzeniom słonecznym jest łączenie różnych strategii ochrony. Używanie różnych rodzajów ochrony (cień lub ubranie plus krem przeciwsłoneczny) to najlepszy sposób na zmniejszenie ekspozycji na słońce i ryzyka oparzenia słonecznego oraz raka skóry.5051
Oto pięć kluczowych kroków ochrony przeciwsłonecznej, które powinny być stosowane łącznie:52
- Stosowanie kremu przeciwsłonecznego o szerokim spektrum z SPF co najmniej 30
- Noszenie odzieży ochronnej, w tym kapeluszy i okularów przeciwsłonecznych
- Poszukiwanie cienia, szczególnie w godzinach największego natężenia promieniowania UV
- Unikanie opalania, w tym korzystania z łóżek opalających UV
- Regularne kontrole skóry, aby wcześnie wykryć ewentualne zmiany
Pamiętaj, że krem przeciwsłoneczny nie jest zbroją i powinien być używany wraz z innymi środkami ochrony przeciwsłonecznej. Cień zmniejsza promieniowanie UV, ale może ono nadal docierać do ciebie poprzez odbicia, więc upewnij się, że używasz cienia w połączeniu z innymi środkami ochrony przeciwsłonecznej.53
Edukacja w zakresie profilaktyki
Edukacja pacjentów na temat krótko- i długoterminowych skutków ekspozycji na słońce, minimalizowanie ekspozycji i leczenie nadmiernej ekspozycji są kluczowe. Farmaceuci odgrywają kluczową rolę w edukowaniu pacjentów na temat krótko- i długoterminowych skutków ekspozycji na słońce, minimalizowania ekspozycji i leczenia nadmiernej ekspozycji.54
Indywidualne i społeczne programy edukacyjne mogą być skuteczne w zmniejszaniu ogólnej ekspozycji na słońce lub zwiększaniu stosowania kremów przeciwsłonecznych czy odzieży ochronnej. Profilaktyka jest najskuteczniejszym podejściem do zarządzania oparzeniami słonecznymi.55
Pacjentom należy udzielać porad dotyczących unikania słońca, noszenia odzieży ochronnej, stosowania kremów przeciwsłonecznych o szerokim spektrum działania i unikania bezpośredniego światła słonecznego między godziną 10:00 a 16:00 w okresie letnim.56
Podsumowanie zasad profilaktyki oparzenia słonecznego
Zapobieganie oparzeniom słonecznym jest kluczowe dla utrzymania zdrowej skóry i zmniejszenia ryzyka długoterminowych uszkodzeń, które mogą prowadzić do raka skóry. Oto kluczowe strategie, które należy stosować:5758
- Unikaj ekspozycji na słońce w godzinach szczytu (10:00-16:00), gdy promienie UV są najsilniejsze
- Stosuj krem przeciwsłoneczny o szerokim spektrum działania z SPF co najmniej 30, nawet w pochmurne dni
- Nakładaj krem przeciwsłoneczny 15-30 minut przed wyjściem na zewnątrz i ponownie co 2 godziny lub częściej podczas pływania czy pocenia się
- Noś odzież ochronną, w tym kapelusze z szerokim rondem i okulary przeciwsłoneczne z ochroną UV
- Szukaj cienia, gdy to możliwe
- Pamiętaj, że promieniowanie UV może odbijać się od powierzchni takich jak woda, piasek, beton i śnieg
- Unikaj łóżek opalających i lamp opalających
- Pij dużo wody, aby utrzymać odpowiednie nawodnienie
- Bądź szczególnie ostrożny w przypadku dzieci, osób o jasnej skórze i osób przyjmujących leki zwiększające wrażliwość na słońce
Pamiętaj, że nawet jedno poważne oparzenie słoneczne może podwoić ryzyko zachorowania na czerniaka, najgroźniejszy rodzaj raka skóry. Dlatego tak ważne jest, aby traktować ochronę przeciwsłoneczną jako codzienny nawyk, a nie tylko jako środek ostrożności na lato.6162
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Materiały źródłowe
- #1 Patient education: Sunburn prevention (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDatehttps://www.uptodate.com/contents/sunburn-prevention-beyond-the-basics/print
Patient education: Sunburn prevention (Beyond the Basics) […] Sunburn is the inflammation of the skin resulting from exposure to the sun’s ultraviolet (UV) rays, especially ultraviolet B (UVB) rays. Typically, sunburn is maximal about 24 hours after exposure. There are several effective ways to prevent sunburn, including staying out of the sun during peak hours, applying sunscreen, seeking shade, and wearing protective clothing. […] It is important to prepare for sun exposure, especially if you plan to be out in the sun for an extended period of time or during the middle of the day, when the sun is at its highest and its ultraviolet B (UVB) rays are strongest (10 AM to 4 PM during daylight savings time in the continental United States). […] Using different types of protection (shade or clothing plus sunscreen) is the best way to reduce sun exposure and the risk of sunburn and skin cancer.
- #2 Sunburn – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelfhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/books/NBK534837/
Sunburn is an acute inflammatory skin reaction occurring due to extended exposure to ultraviolet (UV) rays from the sun or artificial sources such as tanning beds. […] Therefore, it is crucial to educate individuals, particularly those in high-risk groups, about preventive measures for sunburn. […] Implement evidence-based sunburn prevention measures, including counseling on sun safety measures and sunscreen use. […] To decrease the risk of skin cancer and enhance the quality of life, patients should be aware of the causes, treatments, and prevention methods for sunburn. […] Inadequate sun protection can result from not applying sunscreen frequently enough, using sunscreen with a low sun protection factor (SPF), and not wearing protective clothing in the sun. […] Preventing sunburn is the cornerstone of effective sunburn management.
- #3 Understanding Sunburn Prevention and Management Strategieshttps://www.uspharmacist.com/article/understanding-sunburn-prevention-and-management-strategies
ABSTRACT: Sunburns are associated with long-lasting damage to the skin from insufficient protection. […] Fortunately, skin cancer is preventable with appropriate protection from the suns harmful ultraviolet rays. […] Key strategies involve identifying the patients Fitzpatrick skin phototype, personalizing the selection of sunscreen based on sun protection factor number, and appropriately managing sunburns. […] Therefore, it is important for pharmacists to educate patients about the risks of sunburn and the use of sunscreen, as well as to assist in product selection based on the patients specific needs. […] Sunburn is a radiation burn of the skin that is caused by increased exposure to UV rays emitted by the sun or by indoor tanning beds. […] Each occurrence of sunburn is associated with skin damage by both UV type A (UVA) and UV type B (UVB) rays.
- #4 Understanding Sunburn Prevention and Management Strategieshttps://www.uspharmacist.com/article/understanding-sunburn-prevention-and-management-strategies
The signs and symptoms of sunburn are usually temporary, but the skin-cell DNA can be permanently damaged, with possible long-term sequelae including skin cancer and early aging of the skin. […] Risk factors for sunburn include the amount of time that the skin is exposed to UV rays, the time of day of sun exposure, the degree of ozone depletion, medication exposure, and skin phototype. […] Patients with phototypes I, II, or III are more susceptible to sunburn, as their skin has less melanin to block the UV rays. These patients need more protection from the sun. […] Skin cancer can occur in persons with deeper complexionsalthough it is uncommonand can be deadly if diagnosis is delayed. […] Sunscreen is a sun protectant that is helpful in preventing sunburn and reducing the risk of skin cancer.
- #5 Sunburn: Treatments, home remedies, and preventionhttps://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/176441
Sunburn can be painful, and it can increase the risk of skin cancer. […] Tips for preventing it include applying a sunscreen before going out and wearing clothes that cover the body. […] The best way to avoid sunburn is to manage the way people expose their skin to sunlight. […] This includes: sitting in locations with shade, wearing clothing that covers the body, preferably that is made of tightly woven fabric, wearing a wide-brimmed hat, protecting the eyes with sunglasses, avoiding going out in the hottest part of the day, always wearing sunblock of SPF 30+ and reapplying it regularly, considering extra protection for the face, neck, trunk, and parts not usually exposed to the sun. […] Ways of helping prevent sunburn include limiting time spent in the sun and taking protective measures, such as using sunscreen, staying in the shade, and wearing clothes that cover the body.
- #6 Sunburn – Symptoms, diagnosis and treatment | BMJ Best Practice UShttps://bestpractice.bmj.com/topics/en-us/613
Sunburn is a major preventable risk factor for accelerated photoaging and most common forms of skin cancer. […] Education about future sunburn prevention via sun avoidance during peak daylight hours and the use of protective clothing/sunscreen are key interventions. […] However, primary prevention is critical, as cellular damage caused by UV radiation is irreversible and may with time increase the risk of skin cancer.
- #7 Understanding Sunburn Prevention and Management Strategieshttps://www.uspharmacist.com/article/understanding-sunburn-prevention-and-management-strategies
The signs and symptoms of sunburn are usually temporary, but the skin-cell DNA can be permanently damaged, with possible long-term sequelae including skin cancer and early aging of the skin. […] Risk factors for sunburn include the amount of time that the skin is exposed to UV rays, the time of day of sun exposure, the degree of ozone depletion, medication exposure, and skin phototype. […] Patients with phototypes I, II, or III are more susceptible to sunburn, as their skin has less melanin to block the UV rays. These patients need more protection from the sun. […] Skin cancer can occur in persons with deeper complexionsalthough it is uncommonand can be deadly if diagnosis is delayed. […] Sunscreen is a sun protectant that is helpful in preventing sunburn and reducing the risk of skin cancer.
- #8 Understanding Sunburn Prevention and Management Strategieshttps://www.uspharmacist.com/article/understanding-sunburn-prevention-and-management-strategies
The signs and symptoms of sunburn are usually temporary, but the skin-cell DNA can be permanently damaged, with possible long-term sequelae including skin cancer and early aging of the skin. […] Risk factors for sunburn include the amount of time that the skin is exposed to UV rays, the time of day of sun exposure, the degree of ozone depletion, medication exposure, and skin phototype. […] Patients with phototypes I, II, or III are more susceptible to sunburn, as their skin has less melanin to block the UV rays. These patients need more protection from the sun. […] Skin cancer can occur in persons with deeper complexionsalthough it is uncommonand can be deadly if diagnosis is delayed. […] Sunscreen is a sun protectant that is helpful in preventing sunburn and reducing the risk of skin cancer.
- #9 Sunburn Prevention and Treatmenthttps://www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and-treatments/sunburn
How Can You Prevent Sunburn? […] Some ways to keep your skin safe when you’re outside are: […] Use sunscreen. Cover any exposed areas of skin liberally with at least 1 ounce of broad-spectrum sunscreen. That means sunscreen that protects against UVA and UVB rays. […] In general, the sunscreen should have an SPF (sun protection factor) of at least 30. Houshmand suggests using a sunscreen with an SPF of 50 or above. […] Talk to your doctor. Discuss any medications you take. Some antibiotics, antidepressants, and diabetes drugs can make skin more sensitive to sun. […] To help prevent sunburns, wear sunscreen, dress in hats and other protective clothing, and try to avoid the sun between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m., when UV rays are strongest.
- #10 Sunburn – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinichttps://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/sunburn/symptoms-causes/syc-20355922
Sunburn is inflamed, painful skin that feels hot to the touch. It often appears within a few hours of being in the sun too long. […] Preventing sunburn year-round by wearing sunscreen or using other skin-protection habits is important for everyone. It is especially important when you’re outdoors, even on cool or cloudy days. […] Use these methods to prevent sunburn, even on cool, cloudy or hazy days. Sun exposure on cloudy days is decreased by about 20%. Be extra careful around water, snow, concrete and sand because they reflect the sun’s rays. In addition, UV light is more intense at high altitudes. […] Avoid sun exposure between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m. The sun’s rays are strongest during these hours, so try to schedule outdoor activities for other times. If you can’t do that, limit the time you’re in the sun. Seek shade when possible.
- #11 Patient education: Sunburn prevention (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDatehttps://www.uptodate.com/contents/sunburn-prevention-beyond-the-basics/print
Patient education: Sunburn prevention (Beyond the Basics) […] Sunburn is the inflammation of the skin resulting from exposure to the sun’s ultraviolet (UV) rays, especially ultraviolet B (UVB) rays. Typically, sunburn is maximal about 24 hours after exposure. There are several effective ways to prevent sunburn, including staying out of the sun during peak hours, applying sunscreen, seeking shade, and wearing protective clothing. […] It is important to prepare for sun exposure, especially if you plan to be out in the sun for an extended period of time or during the middle of the day, when the sun is at its highest and its ultraviolet B (UVB) rays are strongest (10 AM to 4 PM during daylight savings time in the continental United States). […] Using different types of protection (shade or clothing plus sunscreen) is the best way to reduce sun exposure and the risk of sunburn and skin cancer.
- #12 Sunburn – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelfhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/books/NBK534837/
Patients should receive counseling on sun avoidance, wearing protective clothing, using broad-spectrum sunscreen, and avoiding direct sunlight between 10 AM and 4 PM during the summertime. […] Individuals should apply sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or more 15 to 30 minutes before sun exposure and reapply it at least every 2 hours. […] The American Academy of Dermatology suggests utilizing water-resistant, broad-spectrum sunscreens that protect against both UVA and UVB rays, featuring an SPF greater than 30. […] Applying sunscreen consistently and appropriately with a higher SPF, wearing sun-protective clothing, and seeking shade can protect against sunburns and the associated skin damage. […] Individuals should avoid direct exposure to the sun between 10 AM and 4 PM to prevent sunburns caused by exposure to UV rays.
- #13 Sunburn – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinichttps://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/sunburn/symptoms-causes/syc-20355922
Sunburn is inflamed, painful skin that feels hot to the touch. It often appears within a few hours of being in the sun too long. […] Preventing sunburn year-round by wearing sunscreen or using other skin-protection habits is important for everyone. It is especially important when you’re outdoors, even on cool or cloudy days. […] Use these methods to prevent sunburn, even on cool, cloudy or hazy days. Sun exposure on cloudy days is decreased by about 20%. Be extra careful around water, snow, concrete and sand because they reflect the sun’s rays. In addition, UV light is more intense at high altitudes. […] Avoid sun exposure between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m. The sun’s rays are strongest during these hours, so try to schedule outdoor activities for other times. If you can’t do that, limit the time you’re in the sun. Seek shade when possible.
- #14 Sunburn – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinichttps://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/sunburn/symptoms-causes/syc-20355922
Sunburn is inflamed, painful skin that feels hot to the touch. It often appears within a few hours of being in the sun too long. […] Preventing sunburn year-round by wearing sunscreen or using other skin-protection habits is important for everyone. It is especially important when you’re outdoors, even on cool or cloudy days. […] Use these methods to prevent sunburn, even on cool, cloudy or hazy days. Sun exposure on cloudy days is decreased by about 20%. Be extra careful around water, snow, concrete and sand because they reflect the sun’s rays. In addition, UV light is more intense at high altitudes. […] Avoid sun exposure between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m. The sun’s rays are strongest during these hours, so try to schedule outdoor activities for other times. If you can’t do that, limit the time you’re in the sun. Seek shade when possible.
- #15 Patient education: Sunburn prevention (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDatehttps://www.uptodate.com/contents/sunburn-prevention-beyond-the-basics
Areas that are shaded receive less UV radiation and can reduce your chances of developing a sunburn. […] The ultraviolet (UV) index was developed to predict the risk of sunburn in an area on a given day based upon local weather conditions. […] The active ingredients of sunscreens work by scattering and/or absorbing ultraviolet (UV) rays. […] You should look for a sunscreen that is labeled as „broad spectrum,” meaning it protects against both ultraviolet A (UVA) and UVB rays. […] Most people do not apply enough sunscreen to achieve the SPF on the label and can therefore overestimate their level of protection, resulting in sunburn. […] The American Academy of Dermatology recommends that everyone use sunscreen that offers broad-spectrum protection (protects against UVA and UVB rays), SPF 30 or higher, and water resistance.
- #16 Patient education: Sunburn prevention (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDatehttps://www.uptodate.com/contents/sunburn-prevention-beyond-the-basics/print
Areas that are shaded receive less UV radiation and can reduce your chances of developing a sunburn. […] The ultraviolet (UV) index was developed to predict the risk of sunburn in an area on a given day based upon local weather conditions. […] The sun protection factor (SPF) is primarily, but not exclusively, an indicator of how much protection the sunscreen offers against ultraviolet B (UVB) rays. You should look for a sunscreen that is labeled as „broad spectrum,” meaning it protects against both ultraviolet A (UVA) and UVB rays. […] Most people do not apply enough sunscreen to achieve the SPF on the label and can therefore overestimate their level of protection, resulting in sunburn. […] The American Academy of Dermatology recommends that everyone use sunscreen that offers the following: Broad-spectrum protection (protects against UVA and UVB rays), SPF 30 or higher, Water resistance.
- #17 Patient education: Sunburn prevention (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDatehttps://www.uptodate.com/contents/sunburn-prevention-beyond-the-basics
Areas that are shaded receive less UV radiation and can reduce your chances of developing a sunburn. […] The ultraviolet (UV) index was developed to predict the risk of sunburn in an area on a given day based upon local weather conditions. […] The active ingredients of sunscreens work by scattering and/or absorbing ultraviolet (UV) rays. […] You should look for a sunscreen that is labeled as „broad spectrum,” meaning it protects against both ultraviolet A (UVA) and UVB rays. […] Most people do not apply enough sunscreen to achieve the SPF on the label and can therefore overestimate their level of protection, resulting in sunburn. […] The American Academy of Dermatology recommends that everyone use sunscreen that offers broad-spectrum protection (protects against UVA and UVB rays), SPF 30 or higher, and water resistance.
- #18 Patient education: Sunburn prevention (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDatehttps://www.uptodate.com/contents/sunburn-prevention-beyond-the-basics/print
You should apply sunscreen generously to all exposed skin 20 minutes before exposure. […] You should reapply sunscreen after sweating, rubbing the skin, drying off with a towel, or swimming. […] In addition to sunscreen, consider covering exposed skin with a wide-brimmed hat, long-sleeved shirt, and long pants. […] Children are at higher risk than adults for becoming sunburned because they are usually unaware of the risks of sunburn and are less likely to use preventive measures (eg, sunscreen, shade). […] Regular sunscreen application is imperative for children. […] Babies under six months should be kept out of direct sunlight, and mineral sunscreen can be applied to any exposed areas of the skin (eg, face and back of hands).
- #19 Patient education: Sunburn prevention (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDatehttps://www.uptodate.com/contents/sunburn-prevention-beyond-the-basics
You should apply sunscreen generously to all exposed skin 20 minutes before exposure. […] You should reapply sunscreen after sweating, rubbing the skin, drying off with a towel, or swimming. […] In addition to sunscreen, consider covering exposed skin with a wide-brimmed hat, long-sleeved shirt, and long pants. […] Children are at higher risk than adults for becoming sunburned because they are usually unaware of the risks of sunburn and are less likely to use preventive measures (eg, sunscreen, shade). […] Regular sunscreen application is imperative for children.
- #20 Patient education: Sunburn prevention (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDatehttps://www.uptodate.com/contents/sunburn-prevention-beyond-the-basics/print
Areas that are shaded receive less UV radiation and can reduce your chances of developing a sunburn. […] The ultraviolet (UV) index was developed to predict the risk of sunburn in an area on a given day based upon local weather conditions. […] The sun protection factor (SPF) is primarily, but not exclusively, an indicator of how much protection the sunscreen offers against ultraviolet B (UVB) rays. You should look for a sunscreen that is labeled as „broad spectrum,” meaning it protects against both ultraviolet A (UVA) and UVB rays. […] Most people do not apply enough sunscreen to achieve the SPF on the label and can therefore overestimate their level of protection, resulting in sunburn. […] The American Academy of Dermatology recommends that everyone use sunscreen that offers the following: Broad-spectrum protection (protects against UVA and UVB rays), SPF 30 or higher, Water resistance.
- #21 The Best Ways to Avoid Getting Sunburn – Vanicreamhttps://www.vanicream.com/skin-basics/best-ways-avoid-getting-sunburn
Sunburns are the result of over exposure to UVB rays from the sun. Prevention is the best way to avoid sunburn. These tips will help when you’re outdoors. Avoid the sun during peak hours of 10 am – 2 pm. Seek shade. Wear clothing with UPF protection (ultraviolet protection factor) UPF 50+ helps block 98% of UVA/UVB rays. Wear sunglasses with UV protection. Wear a wide-brimmed hat. Always apply sunscreen at least 15 minutes before going outdoors, even on a cloudy day. It takes approximately 15 minutes for your skin to absorb the sunscreen and protect you. Use sunscreen year round. Some of the worst sunburns have occurred in the winter. Use a broad-spectrum sunscreen which protects you from both UVA and UVB rays. Use a sunscreen with a SPF of 30 or higher. Use a sunscreen that is water resistant (40-80 minutes). Use plenty of sunscreen. An adult should use about 1 oz. of sunscreen to cover exposed areas of the skin (equal to a shot glass). Reapply sunscreen every 2 hours and after swimming or excessive sweating. Be sure to apply sunscreen to vulnerable areas such as ears, neck, and top of feet. If your hair is thinning or your head is bald, apply sunscreen to your scalp. Take sunscreen with you wherever you go. Don’t use expired product. Don’t forget to protect your face! Vanicream Facial Moisturizer Broad Spectrum SPF 30 is a non-comedogenic option. Remember, people who get sunburns don’t protect themselves with proper measures. They leave their skin vulnerable by not wearing protective clothing and usually don’t apply enough sunscreen, didn’t reapply after being in the sun or water or use expired product. Vanicream Sunscreens provide broad spectrum protection and Vanicream Sunscreen Broad Spectrum SPF 50+, and Vanicream Sunscreen Sport Broad Spectrum SPF 35 are water resistant (80 minutes). When Vanicream Sunscreens are used as directed with other sun protective measures, they help provide protection from the sun’s harmful UVA and UVB rays and decrease the risk of skin cancer and aging.
- #22 NIOSH Fast Facts: Protecting Yourself from Sun Exposure | NIOSH | CDChttps://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2010-116/default.html
Anyone working outdoors is exposed to the suns ultraviolet (UV) rays, even on cloudy days. […] Avoid prolonged exposure to the sun when possible. […] Wear sunscreen with a minimum of SPF 15. […] SPF refers to how long a person will be protected from a burn. (SPF 15 means a person can stay in the sun 15-times longer before burning.) SPF only refers to UVB protection. […] To protect against UVA, look for products containing: Mexoryl, Parsol 1789, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, or avobenzone. […] Sunscreen performance is affected by wind, humidity, perspiration, and proper application. […] Apply liberally (minimum of 1 oz) at least 20 minutes before sun exposure. […] Reapply at least every 2 hours and each time a person gets out of the water or perspires heavily. […] Wear clothing with a tight weave or high-SPF clothing. […] Wear wide-brimmed hats and sunglasses with UV protection and side panels. […] Take breaks in shaded areas.
- #23 NIOSH Fast Facts: Protecting Yourself from Sun Exposure | NIOSH | CDChttps://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2010-116/default.html
Anyone working outdoors is exposed to the suns ultraviolet (UV) rays, even on cloudy days. […] Avoid prolonged exposure to the sun when possible. […] Wear sunscreen with a minimum of SPF 15. […] SPF refers to how long a person will be protected from a burn. (SPF 15 means a person can stay in the sun 15-times longer before burning.) SPF only refers to UVB protection. […] To protect against UVA, look for products containing: Mexoryl, Parsol 1789, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, or avobenzone. […] Sunscreen performance is affected by wind, humidity, perspiration, and proper application. […] Apply liberally (minimum of 1 oz) at least 20 minutes before sun exposure. […] Reapply at least every 2 hours and each time a person gets out of the water or perspires heavily. […] Wear clothing with a tight weave or high-SPF clothing. […] Wear wide-brimmed hats and sunglasses with UV protection and side panels. […] Take breaks in shaded areas.
- #24 Keys to Sunburn Treatment and Preventionhttps://www.uspharmacist.com/article/keys-to-sunburn-treatment-and-prevention
While the FDA indicates that SPF 15+ is sufficient for skin cancer protection, the American Academy of Dermatology suggests a minimum SPF of 30+ for skin cancer protection. […] Sunscreens that do not carry both a minimum SPF 15+ and broad-spectrum coverage will be required to carry the warning that spending time in the sun increases your risk of skin cancer and early skin aging and that this product has been shown only to help prevent sunburn, not skin cancer or early skin aging. […] Pharmacists play a key role in educating patients on the short- and long-term effects of sun exposure, mitigating exposure, and treating overexposure. […] Sunburn, although generally a minor condition, is both treatable and preventable.
- #25 Patient education: Sunburn prevention (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDatehttps://www.uptodate.com/contents/sunburn-prevention-beyond-the-basics/print
You should apply sunscreen generously to all exposed skin 20 minutes before exposure. […] You should reapply sunscreen after sweating, rubbing the skin, drying off with a towel, or swimming. […] In addition to sunscreen, consider covering exposed skin with a wide-brimmed hat, long-sleeved shirt, and long pants. […] Children are at higher risk than adults for becoming sunburned because they are usually unaware of the risks of sunburn and are less likely to use preventive measures (eg, sunscreen, shade). […] Regular sunscreen application is imperative for children. […] Babies under six months should be kept out of direct sunlight, and mineral sunscreen can be applied to any exposed areas of the skin (eg, face and back of hands).
- #26 NIOSH Fast Facts: Protecting Yourself from Sun Exposure | NIOSH | CDChttps://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2010-116/default.html
Anyone working outdoors is exposed to the suns ultraviolet (UV) rays, even on cloudy days. […] Avoid prolonged exposure to the sun when possible. […] Wear sunscreen with a minimum of SPF 15. […] SPF refers to how long a person will be protected from a burn. (SPF 15 means a person can stay in the sun 15-times longer before burning.) SPF only refers to UVB protection. […] To protect against UVA, look for products containing: Mexoryl, Parsol 1789, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, or avobenzone. […] Sunscreen performance is affected by wind, humidity, perspiration, and proper application. […] Apply liberally (minimum of 1 oz) at least 20 minutes before sun exposure. […] Reapply at least every 2 hours and each time a person gets out of the water or perspires heavily. […] Wear clothing with a tight weave or high-SPF clothing. […] Wear wide-brimmed hats and sunglasses with UV protection and side panels. […] Take breaks in shaded areas.
- #27 Patient education: Sunburn prevention (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDatehttps://www.uptodate.com/contents/sunburn-prevention-beyond-the-basics/print
Patient education: Sunburn prevention (Beyond the Basics) […] Sunburn is the inflammation of the skin resulting from exposure to the sun’s ultraviolet (UV) rays, especially ultraviolet B (UVB) rays. Typically, sunburn is maximal about 24 hours after exposure. There are several effective ways to prevent sunburn, including staying out of the sun during peak hours, applying sunscreen, seeking shade, and wearing protective clothing. […] It is important to prepare for sun exposure, especially if you plan to be out in the sun for an extended period of time or during the middle of the day, when the sun is at its highest and its ultraviolet B (UVB) rays are strongest (10 AM to 4 PM during daylight savings time in the continental United States). […] Using different types of protection (shade or clothing plus sunscreen) is the best way to reduce sun exposure and the risk of sunburn and skin cancer.
- #28 Sunburn SOS: Unleashing the Power of Prevention and Healing | Shore Physicians Grouphttps://shorephysiciansgroup.com/sunburn-sos-unleashing-the-power-of-prevention-and-healing/
Applying sunscreen once in the morning isnt sufficient for a full day of protection. Sunscreen should be reapplied at least every two hours, or more frequently if youre sweating heavily or swimming. Even water-resistant or waterproof sunscreens can lose their efficacy over time, so be diligent with reapplication. […] Cloudy skies might give the illusion of safety from the suns harmful rays, but dont be fooled! UV radiation can penetrate clouds, leading to sunburn. Make applying sunscreen a part of your daily routine, regardless of the weather. […] Clothing can offer additional protection against the sun. Look for garments labeled with an ultraviolet protection factor (UPF) rating of 50 to 75. The higher the UPF, the more effective the clothing is at blocking UV rays. Wearing wide-brimmed hats, sunglasses, and long-sleeved shirts can provide further coverage.
- #29 Sunburn – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinichttps://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/sunburn/symptoms-causes/syc-20355922
Use sunscreen often and generously. Use water-resistant, broad-spectrum lip balm and sunscreen with an SPF of at least 30, even on cloudy days. Broad-spectrum products offer protection against ultraviolet A (UVA) and ultraviolet B (UVB) rays. SPF 30 blocks 97% of UVB rays. No sunscreen can block 100% of the sun’s UVB rays. […] Protect babies and toddlers from sunburn with brimmed hats and lightweight clothing that covers the arms and legs. Keep them cool, hydrated and out of direct sunlight. […] Cover up. When outside, other items such as umbrellas or wide-brimmed hats can offer protection in addition to sunscreen. Dark clothing with a tight weave offers more protection. […] Wear sunglasses when outdoors. Choose sunglasses with UVA and UVB protection. […] Be aware of sun-sensitizing medications and cosmetics. Some common prescription and nonprescription drugs can make skin more sensitive to sunlight.
- #30https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/page/sun-exposure
Wear clothing to cover as much skin as possible. Wear a hat with a wide brim to shade the face, head, ears, and neck. Wear sunglasses that block both UVA and UVB rays. […] Stay in the shade, especially during midday hours (10 am to 4 pm). Drink plenty of non-alcoholic fluids. Avoid indoor tanning facilities. Getting a base tan before your vacation damages your skin and does not protect you from sun exposure on your trip. […] Seek medical attention if you have a severe sunburn, especially if it covers more than 15% of your body, are dehydrated, have a high fever, or are in extreme pain that lasts more than 48 hours.
- #31 Patient education: Sunburn prevention (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDatehttps://www.uptodate.com/contents/sunburn-prevention-beyond-the-basics/print
Areas that are shaded receive less UV radiation and can reduce your chances of developing a sunburn. […] The ultraviolet (UV) index was developed to predict the risk of sunburn in an area on a given day based upon local weather conditions. […] The sun protection factor (SPF) is primarily, but not exclusively, an indicator of how much protection the sunscreen offers against ultraviolet B (UVB) rays. You should look for a sunscreen that is labeled as „broad spectrum,” meaning it protects against both ultraviolet A (UVA) and UVB rays. […] Most people do not apply enough sunscreen to achieve the SPF on the label and can therefore overestimate their level of protection, resulting in sunburn. […] The American Academy of Dermatology recommends that everyone use sunscreen that offers the following: Broad-spectrum protection (protects against UVA and UVB rays), SPF 30 or higher, Water resistance.
- #32 Sunburn | Better Health Channelhttps://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/sunburn
Suggestions on how to avoid getting sunburnt and UV damage include: Don’t assume that sun exposure is safe when you can’t feel it sting your skin that sting or bite is heat, not UV radiation. […] UV radiation levels aren’t linked to temperature. […] Many Australians get sunburnt around water, at the beach or the pool. Always use a combination of sun protection measures, never rely on just one to protect you. […] A tan doesn’t protect against skin and eye damage, or the risk of skin cancer. […] All babies under 12 months should be kept out of direct sun when UV levels are 3 or higher.
- #33 Patient education: Sunburn prevention (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDatehttps://www.uptodate.com/contents/sunburn-prevention-beyond-the-basics/print
Areas that are shaded receive less UV radiation and can reduce your chances of developing a sunburn. […] The ultraviolet (UV) index was developed to predict the risk of sunburn in an area on a given day based upon local weather conditions. […] The sun protection factor (SPF) is primarily, but not exclusively, an indicator of how much protection the sunscreen offers against ultraviolet B (UVB) rays. You should look for a sunscreen that is labeled as „broad spectrum,” meaning it protects against both ultraviolet A (UVA) and UVB rays. […] Most people do not apply enough sunscreen to achieve the SPF on the label and can therefore overestimate their level of protection, resulting in sunburn. […] The American Academy of Dermatology recommends that everyone use sunscreen that offers the following: Broad-spectrum protection (protects against UVA and UVB rays), SPF 30 or higher, Water resistance.
- #34 Patient education: Sunburn prevention (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDatehttps://www.uptodate.com/contents/sunburn-prevention-beyond-the-basics/print
You should apply sunscreen generously to all exposed skin 20 minutes before exposure. […] You should reapply sunscreen after sweating, rubbing the skin, drying off with a towel, or swimming. […] In addition to sunscreen, consider covering exposed skin with a wide-brimmed hat, long-sleeved shirt, and long pants. […] Children are at higher risk than adults for becoming sunburned because they are usually unaware of the risks of sunburn and are less likely to use preventive measures (eg, sunscreen, shade). […] Regular sunscreen application is imperative for children. […] Babies under six months should be kept out of direct sunlight, and mineral sunscreen can be applied to any exposed areas of the skin (eg, face and back of hands).
- #35 Patient education: Sunburn prevention (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDatehttps://www.uptodate.com/contents/sunburn-prevention-beyond-the-basics
You should apply sunscreen generously to all exposed skin 20 minutes before exposure. […] You should reapply sunscreen after sweating, rubbing the skin, drying off with a towel, or swimming. […] In addition to sunscreen, consider covering exposed skin with a wide-brimmed hat, long-sleeved shirt, and long pants. […] Children are at higher risk than adults for becoming sunburned because they are usually unaware of the risks of sunburn and are less likely to use preventive measures (eg, sunscreen, shade). […] Regular sunscreen application is imperative for children.
- #36 Patient education: Sunburn prevention (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDatehttps://www.uptodate.com/contents/sunburn-prevention-beyond-the-basics/print
You should apply sunscreen generously to all exposed skin 20 minutes before exposure. […] You should reapply sunscreen after sweating, rubbing the skin, drying off with a towel, or swimming. […] In addition to sunscreen, consider covering exposed skin with a wide-brimmed hat, long-sleeved shirt, and long pants. […] Children are at higher risk than adults for becoming sunburned because they are usually unaware of the risks of sunburn and are less likely to use preventive measures (eg, sunscreen, shade). […] Regular sunscreen application is imperative for children. […] Babies under six months should be kept out of direct sunlight, and mineral sunscreen can be applied to any exposed areas of the skin (eg, face and back of hands).
- #37 Understanding Sunburn Prevention and Management Strategieshttps://www.uspharmacist.com/article/understanding-sunburn-prevention-and-management-strategies
All people older than 6 months of age should use sunscreen every day, whether they tan easily or not. […] It is important to be aware that sunscreens are not recommended for infants younger than 6 months due to lack of data in infants and potential for product toxicity. […] SPF 30 or higher is necessary for extended outdoor activities, including running, hiking, and outdoor sports. […] Broad-spectrum sunscreens are necessary for sufficient protection from both UVA and UVB rays. […] Sun avoidance is not always feasible, so it is important to know methods for preventing sunburn. […] Pharmacists can evaluate patients needs based on risk factors including medication therapy; they can also encourage informed decisions, including strategies for the prevention and treatment of sunburns. […] Because repeated sun exposure can lead to skin damage and skin cancer, it is important to educate patients on appropriate sun-protection strategies.
- #38 How to prevent and treat sunburn in kids â Childrenâs Healthhttps://www.childrens.com/health-wellness/how-to-prevent-and-treat-sunburn-in-kids
Sunny days are the perfect time to get the kids outside. However, spending too much time in the sun can make children more likely to get a sunburn. A bad sunburn is not only uncomfortable, but it can increase the risk of health problems later in life. […] The best ways to prevent sunburn is to: […] Limit your time in the sun during the middle of the day (from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m.) when the sun’s rays are strongest. […] Find shady spots to play outside, such as under an umbrella, tent or trees. […] Wear sun-protective clothing, including sunglasses, a wide-brimmed hat, a long-sleeved shirt or long pants. […] Wear sunscreen on all parts of the body that are not covered by clothes. Reapply sunscreen every 2 hours, or every 80 minutes if you are sweating or swimming. It’s important to choose a sunscreen that:
- #39 How to prevent and treat sunburn in kids â Childrenâs Healthhttps://www.childrens.com/health-wellness/how-to-prevent-and-treat-sunburn-in-kids
Has an SPF of 30 or greater: SPF is a number that tells you how well a sunscreen protects the skin from UV rays. […] Provides broad spectrum coverage: Broad spectrum sunscreen protects against UVA and UVB rays. […] You can help prevent sunburn in babies by keeping them out of direct sunlight and dressing them in a hat and light and loose clothing that covers their skin but won’t make them too hot. […] „Avoid sunscreen products in infants younger than 6 months,” Dr. Zakhidova says. „If you are unable to fully keep your infant out of the sun, it is okay to apply a small amount of 15 SPF to small areas of skin, such as their face and or the back of their hands.” […] Most sunburns get better with home remedies or over-the-counter medication and do not require a trip to the doctor. However, if your child is displaying additional symptoms like confusion, seizure or loss of consciousness, they may be experiencing heat stroke, which is a medical emergency. […] It’s also important to know the difference between sunburn and sun poisoning, which requires immediate medical attention.
- #40 Sunburn SOS: Unleashing the Power of Prevention and Healing | Shore Physicians Grouphttps://shorephysiciansgroup.com/sunburn-sos-unleashing-the-power-of-prevention-and-healing/
Contrary to popular belief, tanning does not grant immunity from the damaging effects of the sun. Even if you tan easily or already have a golden glow, sunscreen remains a crucial part of your skincare routine. While it may take longer for tanned skin to burn, it is still susceptible to harmful UV radiation that can lead to premature aging and an increased risk of skin cancer. […] Individuals with sensitive skin require extra care when choosing sunscreen. Look for products labeled hypoallergenic or designed for sensitive skin. Physical sunscreens with zinc oxide or titanium dioxide are often better tolerated by sensitive skin types. […] For children and babies, its crucial to use sunscreen formulated specifically for their delicate skin. Opt for mineral-based sunscreens with a high SPF, and consider additional protection like broad-brimmed hats, sunglasses, and lightweight clothing that covers their arms and legs.
- #41 Keys to Sunburn Prevention: Symptoms, Causes & Remedieshttps://stadiumrx.com/blog/safeguard-your-skin-the-ultimate-guide-to-sunburn-prevention/
Protect your eyes and face from the suns harmful rays by wearing sunglasses that block 100% of both UVA and UVB rays. Look for sunglasses labelled as UV 400 or those that meet the ANSI (American National Standards Institute) standards. Also wear wide-brimmed hats that shade your face, neck, and ears. […] Drink plenty of water to stay hydrated, as sun exposure can dehydrate your body. If possible, plan outdoor activities for the early morning or late afternoon when the sun is lower in the sky. Keep in mind that UV radiation can still be present on cloudy or overcast days, so its important to practice sun protection even then. […] Certain medications can increase your skins sensitivity to the sun, a condition known as photosensitivity. Common medications that can cause photosensitivity include certain antibiotics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and some acne medications. If youre taking any medication, consult your healthcare provider or pharmacist to understand the potential side effects and take necessary precautions, such as avoiding direct sunlight or wearing extra sun protection.
- #42 Sunburn SOS: Unleashing the Power of Prevention and Healing | Shore Physicians Grouphttps://shorephysiciansgroup.com/sunburn-sos-unleashing-the-power-of-prevention-and-healing/
Contrary to popular belief, tanning does not grant immunity from the damaging effects of the sun. Even if you tan easily or already have a golden glow, sunscreen remains a crucial part of your skincare routine. While it may take longer for tanned skin to burn, it is still susceptible to harmful UV radiation that can lead to premature aging and an increased risk of skin cancer. […] Individuals with sensitive skin require extra care when choosing sunscreen. Look for products labeled hypoallergenic or designed for sensitive skin. Physical sunscreens with zinc oxide or titanium dioxide are often better tolerated by sensitive skin types. […] For children and babies, its crucial to use sunscreen formulated specifically for their delicate skin. Opt for mineral-based sunscreens with a high SPF, and consider additional protection like broad-brimmed hats, sunglasses, and lightweight clothing that covers their arms and legs.
- #43 First aid advice for sunburn and heat illness – Canada.cahttps://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/sun-safety/first-aid-advice-sunburn-heat-illness.html
Sunburn (also called erythema) is caused by overexposure to ultraviolet radiation (UV rays). […] The best treatment for sunburn is prevention. […] There is no such thing as a „healthy tan.” Unprotected sun exposure causes skin and eye damage, premature aging of the skin, and a weakened immune system. […] Skin cancer usually appears in adulthood, but can be caused by excessive sun exposure and sunburns in childhood. You can help prevent skin cancer by protecting your skin and your children’s skin from the harmful rays of the sun.
- #44 Sunburn Prevention and Care: Essential Tips for Healthy Skin | Clocip Bloghttps://www.clocip.com/blogs/sunburn-awareness-key-points-for-skin-health-and-safety
Tanning beds emit UV radiation similar to the sun, increasing the risk of sunburn and skin cancer. […] Drinking plenty of water is essential for proper hydration and for maintaining skin health which additionally prevents the risk of dehydration. […] Sunburn awareness is crucial for maintaining skin health and safety, especially as we spend more time outdoors in the warmer months. By following sunburn prevention tips and taking prompt action to manage sunburn when it occurs, you can protect your skin from damage and reduce your risk of long-term complications. Remember to prioritize sunscreen, seek shade, wear protective clothing, and stay hydrated to enjoy the sun safely.
- #45 Keys to Sunburn Prevention: Symptoms, Causes & Remedieshttps://stadiumrx.com/blog/safeguard-your-skin-the-ultimate-guide-to-sunburn-prevention/
Protect your eyes and face from the suns harmful rays by wearing sunglasses that block 100% of both UVA and UVB rays. Look for sunglasses labelled as UV 400 or those that meet the ANSI (American National Standards Institute) standards. Also wear wide-brimmed hats that shade your face, neck, and ears. […] Drink plenty of water to stay hydrated, as sun exposure can dehydrate your body. If possible, plan outdoor activities for the early morning or late afternoon when the sun is lower in the sky. Keep in mind that UV radiation can still be present on cloudy or overcast days, so its important to practice sun protection even then. […] Certain medications can increase your skins sensitivity to the sun, a condition known as photosensitivity. Common medications that can cause photosensitivity include certain antibiotics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and some acne medications. If youre taking any medication, consult your healthcare provider or pharmacist to understand the potential side effects and take necessary precautions, such as avoiding direct sunlight or wearing extra sun protection.
- #46 Avoid Sunburn with These Tipshttps://www.orlandohealth.com/content-hub/avoid-sunburn-with-these-tips/
Almost all of us have experienced a sunburn at some point in our lives. But getting a sunburn is dangerous because it increases your risk of developing skin cancer one of the most common types of cancers in the world. One in five Americans will develop skin cancer over the course of their lifetime. […] Sunscreen is one of the best ways to protect your skin from sun damage. It helps prevent sunburn and early signs of aging, and it reduces the risk of getting skin cancer. […] Be sure to apply sunscreen to every area of your skin that is exposed to the sun. […] In addition to wearing sunscreen, there are other ways to stay sun safe and protect your skin from sun damage, including: […] Sunburns can happen year-round. Many people assume that wintertime means they dont need to wear sunscreen, particularly in colder climates. But sunburns can occur even while engaging in winter sports like skiing, so wear sunscreen year round, no matter where you live.
- #47 Sun Safety: How to Prevent Sunburn – TrueCarehttps://truecare.org/blog/sun-safety-how-to-prevent-sunburn/
The most important thing to know about SPF is the higher the number the more protection you get from UV rays. […] Using sunscreen is often associated with the summer months when the sun shines brightly and days are long and hot. However, temperature and sunshine have nothing to do with sunburn risk. […] To avoid painful sunburn or long-term skin damage, be aware of these common misconceptions: […] Sunscreen wears off after a while, especially when swimming or playing in water. At minimum it should be reapplied every 2 hours. […] Practice good sun safety every day: […] Apply sunscreen/sunblock before going outside […] Sunscreen alone is not sunburn prevention solution, but it does help protect against the short- and long-term effects of sun exposure. […] If you get a sunburn that lasts more than a few days or develops signs of sun poisoning, such as swelling, blisters, fever, and dehydration, be sure to visit your provider.
- #48https://www.healthychildren.org/English/health-issues/conditions/skin/Pages/sunburn-treatment-and-prevention.aspx
No matter our age or skin tone, we all need to take steps to prevent sunburn when we’re enjoying the outdoors. […] Your child actually may be exposed to more ultraviolet rays on foggy or hazy days because they’ll feel cooler and therefore stay outside longer. […] Try to keep your child out of the sun when the peak ultraviolet rays occur (between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m.). […] Always use a sunscreen to block the damaging ultraviolet rays. Choose a sunscreen made for children with a sun protection factor (SPF) of at least 30 or higher. […] Dress your child in lightweight cotton clothing with long sleeves and long pants. SPF-rated clothing and hats are also a good idea to protect your child’s skin when they’re outdoors. […] Use a beach umbrella or similar object to help keep your child in the shade as much as possible. […] Have them wear a hat with a wide brim. […] Babies under 6 months of age should be kept out of direct sunlight. If adequate clothing and shade are not available, sunscreen may be used on small areas of the body, such as the face and the backs of the hands.
- #49 Sun protection and prevention of sunburn for the family – myDr.com.auhttps://mydr.com.au/first-aid-self-care/sun-protection-and-prevention-of-sunburn-for-the-family/
Australian experts recommend sun protection for levels of 3 and higher on the UV index. That means that sun protection is needed every day, all year round in most parts of Australia. So, its important to make applying sunscreen part of your everyday routine to adequately protect yourself from the sun.
- #50 Patient education: Sunburn prevention (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDatehttps://www.uptodate.com/contents/sunburn-prevention-beyond-the-basics/print
Patient education: Sunburn prevention (Beyond the Basics) […] Sunburn is the inflammation of the skin resulting from exposure to the sun’s ultraviolet (UV) rays, especially ultraviolet B (UVB) rays. Typically, sunburn is maximal about 24 hours after exposure. There are several effective ways to prevent sunburn, including staying out of the sun during peak hours, applying sunscreen, seeking shade, and wearing protective clothing. […] It is important to prepare for sun exposure, especially if you plan to be out in the sun for an extended period of time or during the middle of the day, when the sun is at its highest and its ultraviolet B (UVB) rays are strongest (10 AM to 4 PM during daylight savings time in the continental United States). […] Using different types of protection (shade or clothing plus sunscreen) is the best way to reduce sun exposure and the risk of sunburn and skin cancer.
- #51 Patient education: Sunburn prevention (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDatehttps://www.uptodate.com/contents/sunburn-prevention-beyond-the-basics
Patient education: Sunburn prevention (Beyond the Basics) […] Sunburn is the inflammation of the skin resulting from exposure to the sun’s ultraviolet (UV) rays, especially ultraviolet B (UVB) rays. Typically, sunburn is maximal about 24 hours after exposure. There are several effective ways to prevent sunburn, including staying out of the sun during peak hours, applying sunscreen, seeking shade, and wearing protective clothing. […] It is important to prepare for sun exposure, especially if you plan to be out in the sun for an extended period of time or during the middle of the day, when the sun is at its highest and its ultraviolet B (UVB) rays are strongest (10 AM to 4 PM during daylight savings time in the continental United States). […] Using different types of protection (shade or clothing plus sunscreen) is the best way to reduce sun exposure and the risk of sunburn and skin cancer.
- #52 Be SunSmart | Cancer Councilhttps://www.cancer.org.au/cancer-information/causes-and-prevention/sun-safety/be-sunsmart
Skin cancer is the most common cancer diagnosed in Australia. […] The sun’s ultraviolet (UV) radiation is the major cause of skin cancer. […] The good news is you can prevent damage and skin cancer by being SunSmart. […] Sun protection is recommended whenever UV levels reach 3 or higher. […] Australians shouldn’t expose themselves to potentially harmful UV to get more vitamin D. […] For the best protection, use all five SunSmart steps: […] Remember, sunscreen is not a suit of armour and should be used with other sun protection measures. […] Shade reduces UV radiation, but it can still reach you via reflection, so make sure you use shade in combination with other sun protection measures. […] Sunglasses and a broad-brimmed hat worn together can reduce UV radiation exposure to the eyes by up to 98%. […] Most skin cancer can be successfully treated if it is found early.
- #53 Be SunSmart | Cancer Councilhttps://www.cancer.org.au/cancer-information/causes-and-prevention/sun-safety/be-sunsmart
Skin cancer is the most common cancer diagnosed in Australia. […] The sun’s ultraviolet (UV) radiation is the major cause of skin cancer. […] The good news is you can prevent damage and skin cancer by being SunSmart. […] Sun protection is recommended whenever UV levels reach 3 or higher. […] Australians shouldn’t expose themselves to potentially harmful UV to get more vitamin D. […] For the best protection, use all five SunSmart steps: […] Remember, sunscreen is not a suit of armour and should be used with other sun protection measures. […] Shade reduces UV radiation, but it can still reach you via reflection, so make sure you use shade in combination with other sun protection measures. […] Sunglasses and a broad-brimmed hat worn together can reduce UV radiation exposure to the eyes by up to 98%. […] Most skin cancer can be successfully treated if it is found early.
- #54 Keys to Sunburn Treatment and Preventionhttps://www.uspharmacist.com/article/keys-to-sunburn-treatment-and-prevention
While the FDA indicates that SPF 15+ is sufficient for skin cancer protection, the American Academy of Dermatology suggests a minimum SPF of 30+ for skin cancer protection. […] Sunscreens that do not carry both a minimum SPF 15+ and broad-spectrum coverage will be required to carry the warning that spending time in the sun increases your risk of skin cancer and early skin aging and that this product has been shown only to help prevent sunburn, not skin cancer or early skin aging. […] Pharmacists play a key role in educating patients on the short- and long-term effects of sun exposure, mitigating exposure, and treating overexposure. […] Sunburn, although generally a minor condition, is both treatable and preventable.
- #55 Sunburn Treatment & Management: Medical Care, Prevention, Consultationshttps://emedicine.medscape.com/article/773203-treatment
Prevention is the most effective approach to management of sunburn. […] Individual and community educational programs can be effective in decreasing overall sun exposure or increasing use of sunscreen or protective clothing. […] Sun exposure should be avoided, especially during the period of peak solar radiation (from 10:00 AM to 4:00 PM). […] Sunscreen with an adequate sun protection factor (SPF) for a given skin type should be used on a regular basis. […] Sunscreen should be applied at least 30 minutes before sun exposure (especially for young children) and should be reapplied every 2-3 hours or after swimming, sweating, or toweling off. […] Waterproof sunscreen should be used if one is swimming or perspiring heavily. […] To achieve the advertised SPF, it is necessary to apply at least 2 mg/cm2 (~30 mL is adequate coverage for an average adult’s entire body); however, most people apply only about one fifth of this amount.
- #56 Sunburn – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelfhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/books/NBK534837/
Patients should receive counseling on sun avoidance, wearing protective clothing, using broad-spectrum sunscreen, and avoiding direct sunlight between 10 AM and 4 PM during the summertime. […] Individuals should apply sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or more 15 to 30 minutes before sun exposure and reapply it at least every 2 hours. […] The American Academy of Dermatology suggests utilizing water-resistant, broad-spectrum sunscreens that protect against both UVA and UVB rays, featuring an SPF greater than 30. […] Applying sunscreen consistently and appropriately with a higher SPF, wearing sun-protective clothing, and seeking shade can protect against sunburns and the associated skin damage. […] Individuals should avoid direct exposure to the sun between 10 AM and 4 PM to prevent sunburns caused by exposure to UV rays.
- #57 Sunburn – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelfhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/books/NBK534837/
Sunburn is an acute inflammatory skin reaction occurring due to extended exposure to ultraviolet (UV) rays from the sun or artificial sources such as tanning beds. […] Therefore, it is crucial to educate individuals, particularly those in high-risk groups, about preventive measures for sunburn. […] Implement evidence-based sunburn prevention measures, including counseling on sun safety measures and sunscreen use. […] To decrease the risk of skin cancer and enhance the quality of life, patients should be aware of the causes, treatments, and prevention methods for sunburn. […] Inadequate sun protection can result from not applying sunscreen frequently enough, using sunscreen with a low sun protection factor (SPF), and not wearing protective clothing in the sun. […] Preventing sunburn is the cornerstone of effective sunburn management.
- #58 Mastering Sunburn Prevention: Strategies for Outdoor Enjoymenthttps://lagunabeachuc.com/sunburn-prevention-being-careful-outdoors/
Sunshine can do wonders to lift our spirits, provide much-needed vitamin D, and leave our skin radiantly beautiful. However, its crucial to prioritize sunburn prevention, as prolonged exposure without appropriate precautions can lead to both sunburn and longer-term skin damage. It is an unpleasant and unsightly condition that not only causes pain but can increase the risk of skin cancer as well. […] Notably, urgent care centers offer many emergency treatments, including those for sunburn. Its crucial to understand that the aftermath of a sunburn goes beyond just the temporary pain and discomfort. Here are several key points explaining why preventing sunburn should be prioritized: […] A significant factor of sunburn prevention should be to reduce your risk of skin cancer. Excessive UV radiation damages skin cells DNA and increases their susceptibility to malignancies like Melanoma. By taking steps to avoid sunburn, you are actively decreasing this risk and potentially helping avoid Melanoma altogether.
- #59 Sunburn Prevention Tips for 2018 – Central Ozarks Medical Centerhttps://centralozarks.org/sunburn-prevention-tips-for-2018/
The warmer temperatures are here again! […] If you are feeling ill due to a sunburn, you should contact your nearest health clinic at the Lake of the Ozarks as soon as possible. Central Ozarks Medical Center is here to give you a few sunburn prevention tips for 2018. […] Wear a sun hat. Wide-brimmed hats do the best for providing the most shade and protecting your skin from the harsh effects of the sun. […] Wear sunscreen. Be mindful of the SPF level on your sunscreen. You should be using at least SPF 15 but the higher the number the stronger the sunscreen. […] Cover up. Modest swimsuits that cover your everything from your shoulders to your kneecaps (for women) may not be the most flattering but they do provide a lot more protection if you are looking to swim but also be as protected from the sun as you possibly can. […] Try to stay in the shade as much as possible between 10 am and 4 pm. The sun is at its strongest at these times, so do your best to find shade or be as covered as possible. […] We hope you found these sunburn prevention tips helpful.
- #60 Keys to Sunburn Prevention: Symptoms, Causes & Remedieshttps://stadiumrx.com/blog/safeguard-your-skin-the-ultimate-guide-to-sunburn-prevention/
Sunburn prevention is extremely important as it can result in swelling, redness, skin boils and a lot more. Sunburns are not only uncomfortable but also increase the risk of long-term skin damage and even skin cancer. Hence, they can also lead to dehydration as the body loses moisture through the damaged skin. This is why it is essential to safeguard our skin against sun exposure and improve overall well-being. […] Sunburn prevention is crucial for maintaining healthy skin and reducing the risk of skin cancer. With the following tips, you can effectively safeguard your skin and prevent sunburn. […] Select a broad-spectrum sunscreen with a high Sun Protection Factor (SPF) and generously apply it to all exposed areas of your skin. It is generally recommended to choose a sunscreen with at least 30 or more SPF for adequate protection. Be sure to apply sunscreen at least 15-30 minutes before sun exposure to fully absorb it into the skin. Reapply sunscreen every two hours, or more frequently if you are swimming, sweating, or towel-drying.
- #61https://www.northokaloosa.com/health-library/30
Sunburn doesn’t give many free passes just one severe incident can double your risk for developing melanoma, the deadliest type of skin cancer, according to The Skin Cancer Foundation. […] The best method of prevention is the simplest don’t expose your skin to sunlight, particularly from mid-morning to late afternoon. […] Finally, don’t forget the sunscreen. The higher the sun protection factor, the less UV light makes it through to your skin. Apply sunscreen liberally at least 30 minutes before venturing out and every two hours thereafter. Sunscreen isn’t water- or sweatproof, so reapply after swimming or exercising.
- #62https://www.grandviewhealth.com/health-library/30
You thought you did everything right during your day at the beach you wore sunscreen and reapplied after two hours. […] Unfortunately, the worst may be yet to come. Sunburn pain peaks six to 48 hours after occurring, according to the National Institutes of Health (NIH). […] Do your best to prevent sunburn in the future, but if it happens again, you’ll know what to do. […] Sunburn doesn’t give many free passes just one severe incident can double your risk for developing melanoma, the deadliest type of skin cancer, according to The Skin Cancer Foundation. […] The best method of prevention is the simplest don’t expose your skin to sunlight, particularly from mid-morning to late afternoon. […] Finally, don’t forget the sunscreen. The higher the sun protection factor, the less UV light makes it through to your skin. Apply sunscreen liberally at least 30 minutes before venturing out and every two hours thereafter. […] Sometimes, sunburn needs more than home care. See a doctor if you have sunburn accompanied by fever and signs of illness, such as nausea, clammy skin and severe thirst.