Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Catarrh

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/catarrh/

  Catarrh is a build-up of mucus in your nose and sinuses and phlegm in your throat. It usually clears up by itself but see a GP if it lasts longer than a few weeks. […] Although catarrh can be annoying, phlegm and mucus are not harmful and are the body’s way of clearing infection. […] It usually goes away by itself, but there are some things you can do to help ease the symptoms. […] A GP may suggest trying treatments for catarrh that you can get from a pharmacist, like decongestant medicines and salt water nose rinses. […] If your catarrh is caused by nasal polyps, a GP may prescribe steroid spray or nose drops. If these do not work, surgery may be needed to remove the polyps.

• #2 Catarrh: Definition, symptoms, and treatment

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/catarrh

  Catarrh, or postnasal drip, is the medical term for a buildup of mucus in the back of the nose, throat, or sinuses. […] Catarrh is a symptom with an underlying cause, and it is typically harmless. However, a person may seek treatment for the cause of persistent catarrh that is associated with pain, discomfort, or irritation. […] Some over-the-counter (OTC) treatments for catarrh include: nasal irrigation, oral decongestants, such as pseudoephedrine (Sudafed) or phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine), mucus-thinning medications, such as guaifenesin (Mucinex), antihistamines, to treat allergic causes of catarrh, pain relievers, such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen, to help ease headaches or facial pain. […] The following home treatments may help loosen catarrh so that it is easier to expel: drinking plenty of water, using an indoor humidifier, inhaling the steam during a hot shower, gargling with warm salt water, using a saltwater solution to clean the insides of the nostrils, sleeping on propped up pillows.

• #3 Catarrh: symptoms, causes and treatments – HSE.ie

  https://www2.hse.ie/conditions/catarrh/

  Catarrh is a build-up of mucus in an airway or cavity of the body. […] It usually affects the back of the nose, the throat or the sinuses (air-filled cavities in the bones of the face). […] Catarrh can be annoying and difficult to get rid of. But it’s not harmful and there are treatments. […] Catarrh will often pass in a few days or weeks as the condition that causes it improves. […] There are things you can try to relieve your symptoms, such as: avoid things that trigger your symptoms, such as allergens or smoky places. […] Speak to your GP if your catarrh persists and is becoming difficult to live with. […] Chronic catarrh can be hard to treat and may last a long time.

• #4 Catarrh Solutions: Symptoms, Risk Factors, Causes, and Care

  https://docus.ai/symptoms-guide/catarrh-solutions

  Catarrh, often referred to as postnasal drip, is characterized by an excessive build-up of mucus in the nasal passages or throat. This condition can be triggered by a variety of factors including infections, allergies, and environmental irritants. […] Effective management involves a combination of treatments ranging from home remedies to professional medical advice. […] Recognizing the symptoms of catarrh is the first step towards managing this uncomfortable condition. […] Here is a list of the most common symptoms associated with catarrh: Persistent cough: Often gets worse at night, affecting sleep quality. A constant need to clear the throat: Due to the sensation of mucus trickling down the back of the throat. Blocked or stuffy nose: Which may alternate between being blocked and suddenly running. Sore throat: Can occur if the throat is irritated by frequent clearing. Pressure in the sinuses or face: Especially around the forehead, cheeks, and eyes. Reduced sense of smell and taste: Due to blockage in the nasal passages. Hoarseness or a muffled voice: As a result of throat irritation.

• #5 Understanding Catarrh in Adults and Children

  https://www.healthline.com/health/allergies/catarrh

  Catarrh is when mucus accumulates in your nose, throat, or sinuses. The word catarrh comes from an ancient Greek phrase meaning to flow down. In fact, if you have catarrh, you may feel as if mucus is slowly dripping down the back of your throat. […] Its believed that catarrh happens when your body responds to things like an infection or an irritant. This reaction can cause swelling in your nose and sinuses, leading to an increase in the amount of mucus thats made. […] Catarrh is often only temporary. However, in some people, it can become chronic. While its unclear what causes chronic catarrh, its believed to occur due to an increased awareness of and sensitivity to symptoms affecting the nose and throat. […] The symptoms of catarrh can include: feeling like your nose is stuffy and being unable to clear it, sensation of mucus running down the back of your throat or of having a lump in your throat, frequently needing to clear your throat or swallow, persistent coughing, sore throat, crackling feeling in your ears, headache, facial pain, dulled sense of smell or taste, trouble sleeping.

• #6 Catarrh | Lemsip

  https://www.lemsip.co.uk/blogs/symptoms-advice/catarrh

  The body produces mucus as a response to infection or irritation, when the lining of the nose and throat become inflamed and swollen. […] Its not known what causes chronic catarrh, but its thought to be associated with extra sensitivity to mucus, or an abnormality in the way it moves within the nasal cavities. […] If you know you react to certain irritations or infections, you can actively avoid the triggers. Take care not to catch colds, with good hygiene, such as regular hand washing. […] Warm, dry atmospheres caused by air conditioning or car heating can cause or aggravate catarrh. […] Its a good idea to stay well hydrated, with regular sips of water, and avoid constant throat clearing which can further aggravate the condition. […] The build-up of mucus in airways and cavities (throat, nose and head) can make you feel uncomfortable and is associated with some or all of the following symptoms: a constant need to clear your throat stuffy blocked nose runny nose persistent cough headache or facial pain reduced sense of smell and/or taste temporary hearing loss with a crackling sensation in the ear tiredness. […] With self-care treatments, including over the counter remedies, it can be eased and will usually go away in a week or so. […] Consult a GP if your catarrh persists, isnt improving with care, or youre experiencing a lot of discomfort.

• #7 Understanding Catarrh in Adults and Children

  https://www.healthline.com/health/allergies/catarrh

  You can do the following things at home to help ease catarrh: Stay hydrated. Make sure youre drinking enough water, which can help thin mucus in your nose and throat. Increase humidity. Using a humidifier or inhaling steam can help loosen mucus and ease throat discomfort. Sip water. Constantly clearing your throat can lead to increased throat irritation. If you feel like you need to clear your throat, take a small sip of cold water instead. Prop yourself up at night. Mucus can accumulate in your throat when youre lying down. To help prevent this, use some pillows to prop yourself up when you go to bed. Use a nasal rinse. Utilizing a saline nasal rinse can help clear your nasal passages of excess mucus. These can be purchased over the counter (OTC) or made at home. Gargle salt water. Gargling with salt water can help break up mucus and ease discomfort in your throat. Try OTC medications. Examples of medications that may be helpful include nasal decongestants (Sudafed, Afrin), antihistamines (Benadryl, Claritin, Zyrtec), and expectorants (Mucinex, Robitussin).

• #8 Catarrh Solutions: Symptoms, Risk Factors, Causes, and Care

  https://docus.ai/symptoms-guide/catarrh-solutions

  Understanding what causes catarrh can be pivotal in managing and preventing it effectively. The causes of catarrh can be broadly categorized into several groups: Infections, Allergies, Environmental Factors, Other Medical Conditions. […] Treating catarrh effectively often depends on the underlying cause, but there are several options available that can help alleviate symptoms or manage the condition. […] Home remedies can be very effective for relieving the symptoms of catarrh, especially in mild cases: Stay Hydrated, Steam Inhalation, Warm Salt Water Gargle, Elevate Your Head. […] For those whose symptoms require a bit more intervention, over-the-counter (OTC) treatments can be helpful: Nasal Saline Sprays, Nasal Decongestant Sprays, Mucus-Thinning Medications. […] In cases where catarrh is severe or chronic, a doctor might prescribe stronger treatments: Nasal Corticosteroids, Antibiotics, Antihistamines.

• #9 Stuffy or runny nose – adult: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003049.htm

  Finding ways to keep mucus thin will help it drain from your nose and sinuses and relieve your symptoms. Drinking plenty of clear fluids is one way to do this. You can also: […] A nasal wash can help remove mucus from your nose. […] Congestion is often worse when lying down. Keep upright, or at least keep the head elevated. […] Medicines you can buy at the store without a prescription can help your symptoms. […] If you have allergies: […] Your provider may also prescribe nasal sprays that treat allergy symptoms. […] Learn how to avoid triggers that make allergies worse.

• #10 Stuffy or runny nose – adult Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/symptoms/stuffy-or-runny-nose-adult

  Finding ways to keep mucus thin will help it drain from your nose and sinuses and relieve your symptoms. Drinking plenty of clear fluids is one way to do this. You can also: […] A nasal wash can help remove mucus from your nose. […] Congestion is often worse when lying down. Keep upright, or at least keep the head elevated. […] Medicines you can buy at the store without a prescription can help your symptoms. […] If you have allergies: […] Your provider may also prescribe nasal sprays that treat allergy symptoms.

• #11 Nature’s Jeannie Gargle Away Natural Mucus Care Packets, Ginger Lemon Flavor, 1.12 oz – 6 ct

  https://www.riteaid.com/shop/nature-s-jeannie-gargle-away-natural-mucus-care-packets-ginger-lemon-flavor-1-12-oz-6-ct

  Gargle Away Mucus Care is a blend of six herbs minerals designed to dislodge and expel tough mucus. It helps drain post nasal drip and aids in soothing sinus congestion and persistent coughs. […] Helps loosen tough mucus. […] Drains post nasal drip. […] Soothes sinus congestion. […] Soothes persistent cough. […] Severe symptoms such as chest congestion accompanied by breathing difficulties, chest pain, coughing up blood, a fever, wheezing may may indicate a serious condition. Consult a healthcare practitioner immediately. Further, persistent excess mucus in the chest for more than 3 days; congestion that suddenly gets worse; mucus that appears green or yellow may also indicate a serious condition. Please consult your healthcare practitioner immediately.

• #12 How to sleep with post nasal drip | Northwell Health

  https://www.northwell.edu/news/insights/how-to-prevent-post-nasal-drip-at-night

  Post-nasal drip is annoying enough in the day, as its coughing, throat-clearing sufferers can attest. At night, it can ruin your sleep and leave you restless. […] Post-nasal drip occurs when mucus accumulates in the back of your throat, irritating it and causing you to feel the need to clear it out by hacking and coughing. […] The condition often worsens at night, because when you lie down, the mucus is more likely to collect at the back of the throat and drip into it. […] Sleep with your head slightly elevated to help keep the mucus from pooling at the back of your throat. This can also help reduce acid reflux if that’s what’s causing the drip. […] Use antihistamine or nasal steroid sprays, such as azelastine or fluticasone. The mechanism of such sprays is twofold; not only do they reduce inflammation directly, they also inhibit the body’s production of mucus. […] Although post-nasal drip at night may interrupt your sleep, it’s not usually dangerous. However, you should see a doctor to rule out infection if you have: Fever, Blood in the mucus, Wheezing or shortness of breath, Foul-smelling mucus.

• #13 Catarrh: Definition, symptoms, and treatment

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/catarrh

  If a person has chronic catarrh, their doctor may recommend ipratropium (Atrovent) or beclomethasone (Beconase) and triamcinolone (Nasacort). […] Although catarrh is typically harmless, it can be a nuisance. Taking OTC medications and trying home treatments may offer some symptom relief. However, prescription-strength medications may be necessary for chronic catarrh that affects a person’s daily life.

• #14 Catarrh (Postnasal Drip): Symptoms, Causes, Treatments, Prevention

  https://resources.healthgrades.com/right-care/ear-nose-and-throat/catarrh

  Catarrh, or postnasal drip, involves mucus buildup in nasal or throat passages. It is not dangerous, involving symptoms like a cough and sore throat. Home remedies include hydrating, saline rinses, and more. Medical treatments include medications and nasal spray, for example. […] Catarrh is typically not harmful but can become difficult to live with, especially if you experience frequent and persistent symptoms. […] A doctor can help diagnose the cause of your postnasal drip. They can also see if you have an underlying condition or refer you to a specialist for further testing. Your doctor can also guide you with treatment options, including: steroid nasal sprays, antihistamines, anticholinergic sprays. […] Medical treatment for catarrh depends on the cause, including: Bacterial infections: Treatments include antibiotics, decongestants, nasal irrigation, and nasal spray. If you have chronic sinusitis, you may require surgery to open your blocked sinuses. […] Many treatments are available, including home remedies, like a saline nasal rinse. Medical treatment typically depends on the severity and cause of catarrh.

• #15 Catarrh Solutions: Symptoms, Risk Factors, Causes, and Care

  https://docus.ai/symptoms-guide/catarrh-solutions

  Preventing catarrh involves a combination of lifestyle and environmental adjustments. […] If your symptoms of catarrh last more than a few weeks despite home care and over-the-counter treatments, it’s advisable to see a doctor. […] Effectively managing catarrh involves understanding its symptoms, causes, and the right treatments. Common causes include infections, allergies, environmental factors, and other underlying medical conditions. Taking preventative steps, such as avoiding allergens and maintaining clean air in your living spaces, can help minimize its impact. […] While simple measures can often control catarrh, persistent or severe symptoms should prompt a visit to a healthcare professional.

• #16 Understanding Catarrh in Adults and Children

  https://www.healthline.com/health/allergies/catarrh

  Although it can be annoying, catarrh isnt harmful. However, see your doctor or other healthcare provider if you or your child has symptoms of catarrh that happen along with: difficulty breathing, chest pain, shortness of breath or wheezing, bloody or bad-smelling mucus, unexplained fever, difficulty swallowing. […] Typically, catarrh goes away on its own and can be treated at home by using a humidifier, saline washes, or OTC medications.

• #17 What is Catarrh?: Symptoms, Causes and When to seek medical care? | Ganesh Diagnostic

  https://www.ganeshdiagnostic.com/blog/what-is-catarrh-symptoms-causes-and-when-to-seek-medical-care

  Catarrh is locally known as Najla or postnasal drip isa medical term used to describe an overabundance of mucus in the nasal back, sinuses or throat. […] Catarrh, or postnasal drip, is a buildup of mucus in the back of the nose, throat or sinuses. […] Treatment – Catarrh is a symptom of an underlying problem, and by and large, catarrh itself is not harmful. However, a person may seek help for the underlying cause of persistent catarrh, especially if it involves pain, discomfort, or irritation. […] Catarrh may be chronic in certain cases, lasting for months or years. Catarrh is usually not serious but sometimes can be bothersome. OTC and home remedies may help with symptoms, but chronic catarrh that has altered a patient’s daily life may require prescription-strength medications.

• #18 Catarrh | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/lungs-and-airways/catarrh/

  Catarrh is not harmful and there are treatments available. […] Speak to your GP practice if your catarrh is affecting your daily life. […] You can ask a pharmacist for advice about catarrh. […] Treating the underlying condition, if you have one, may help your catarrh.

• #19 Postnasal Drip | SRUK

  https://www.sruk.co.uk/scleroderma/scleroderma-and-your-body/post-nasal-drip/

  Postnasal drip is often associated with catarrh, meaning an excessive build-up of mucus that occurs most commonly within the sinuses but can also affect the throat, ears or chest. […] Some people living with scleroderma also find that they experience postnasal drip. […] Scleroderma can cause a change in the lining of the nose which may also lead to a degree of inflammation or local infection and this may contribute to a postnasal drip. […] Increased blood supply to the nasal mucosa can lead to increased secretions and this could be associated with vascular instability as is seen in scleroderma.

• #20 Catarrh – the patient experience – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21991562/

  No study to date has looked at the symptoms of chronic catarrh as defined by the patients themselves. […] We looked to explore the catarrh experience through the eyes of patients using a qualitative approach. […] A standardised list of 38 catarrh-related symptoms was generated covering a wide topography. […] A common theme amongst interviewees was the frustration of being unable to expectorate mucus rather than expelling too much. […] Difficulties exist in establishing whether the extensive list of symptoms associated with catarrh is a result of differing experiences for patients or simply differing lexicon describing the same experience. […] Furthermore a distinction should be made between patients with true rhinitis who expel mucus and those who present with apparent postnasal drip or throat clearing but who cannot expectorate, whose management ought be focused more on symptom-coping strategies rather than medication or investigation.

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