Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Childrens Headache Disorders | National Headache Foundation

  https://headaches.org/resources/childrens-headache-disorders/

  When you think about someone having a headache, you probably think of an adult. But many kids have headache disorders, too, and for some of the very same reasons that adults have them. Children and teens can experience tension-type or migraine headache. Among school-age children ages, 5 to 17 in the U.S., 20 percent (10.3 million) are prone to headache. Approximately 15 % of these kids experience tension-type headache and 5% are coping with migraine disease. Chronic or frequent headaches can be tough to handle and are even harder to understand when you are young especially if you do not know anyone else who has them. By the time they reach high school, most young people have experienced some type of headache. Fortunately, less than 5 percent of headaches are the result of serious disease or organic problems, such as a tumor, abscess, or head trauma. Most headaches are tension-type, the result of good and bad stress, sleep issues, or, in a few instances, environmental or food triggers. About 5 percent of recurrent headache will be diagnosed as migraine disease. Episodic headaches are those that occur a few times a month. Chronic headache occurs with much more frequency, several times a week. If a child who has only had an occasional headache (once or twice a month) starts experiencing them more frequently (two, three, or four times a week), then these should be considered chronic and medical attention should be sought as soon as possible. Up to 4 percent of children do have their first headache before they reach elementary school, and they may not yet know how to describe the pain. If a young child has been crying or not eating or has been inexplicably restless or irritable, consult with your doctor about finding the source of discomfort or pain. Most kids who have migraines have inherited them. Approximately 5 percent of kids experiencing chronic headaches will be diagnosed with migraines. Some children have them as early as four years old. Prior to puberty, boys are slightly more likely than girls to get migraines. However after puberty, because of hormonal changes, migraines are twice as common in girls. In adults, migraines throbbing head pain usually occurs on one side of the head, but in children, it can affect both sides. The migraine is often accompanied by nausea, vomiting, dizziness, blurred vision, sensitivity to light and sound, and changes in temperament and personality. A headaches duration varies from individual to individual. But, generally, unlike an adults migraine, which can continue up to four days, a childs migraine might be as short as one hour or may last for a day or so. Children also improve more readily to sleep. So, the best treatment for children is a nap in a quiet, darkroom. About 15 percent of kids experience a migraine headache with an aura. A typical aura is seeing colored or flashing lights, blind spots, or wavy lines or feeling tingling in the face or arm/leg. An aura alerts a migraine sufferer to the onset of a headache, warning the kid several minutes before the pain starts. Young children with migraine may not have head pain at all but rather experience recurrent stomach problems or dizziness. These types of migraine are called migraine variants. Children who have or may develop migraine also are more prone to motion sickness. For most kids, migraine is inherited from a parent. Migraine occurs because of alterations in a persons genetic makeup. An individual migraine attack is often triggered by a particular environmental or emotional event. In some cases, triggers can be identified. Among the most commonly recognized ones are good and bad stress, a change in routine or sleep pattern, bright lights or loud noises, or certain foods and beverages. After a formal diagnosis, a doctors goal is to help reduce or eliminate the symptoms of a migraine and prevent future attacks. For many kids, migraines are aggravated by one or more external triggers. Its important to identify triggers because avoiding the triggers can reduce the intensity and frequency of migraine attacks. Stress is a major trigger for migraine for most people. It would be unusual if stress was not a trigger for you or your child. As much as we would like to protect our children from stress, it is unavoidable. Stress is a part of life and there are certainly routine (school and peer pressure) and unexpected stressors (medical illness, divorce) that can affect children and teens. Given that there will be stressors as adults, teaching stress management techniques at an early age can help give your child lifelong skills for health and wellbeing. Learning to understand your feelings and emotions is an important part of growing up. Not all children can identify that they are feeling stressed and its important to give them the right language and tools to be able to identify stress. Identifying signs like not sleeping well, not wanting to eat or feeling cranky, or having a hard time paying attention are all possible in children. Helping to get to the bottom of these feelings with your child can help them learn about how they experience stress. This is a hot topic in the news, and its true. Trying to cram in too many things in one day creates time pressure, takes away from unscheduled downtime, and can cut into sleep. It is important for children to be active and participate in things they enjoy but beware of trying to pile on too many things. This is a major contributor to stress in children and teens. A full nights sleep is very important for the health of every child and particularly in those with migraine. Children usually need at least 8 to 9 hours of sleep at night and adolescents may need even more. Insufficient sleep can definitely be a trigger as can a change in sleep pattern. And for teen patients who are natural night owls but who have to be up early for school, this can be a huge issue. However, we can not understate how important it is to get enough sleep at regular time intervals. Getting a child/teen to bed on time can be very difficult and it can take months, but the pay off can be big so its worth sticking to the plan. There should be a clear bedtime that should be the same on weekends and weekdays. There should be a very good reason why bedtime is violated (a special event or holiday) and it should be a rare occasion. Oversleeping can be a trigger as well, a common cause of weekend headaches. So, for teens, who like a little extra sleep on weekends it is recommended to wake them at the normal time, have them eat a snack, or drink some water, and then they can return to sleep. Poor and disrupted sleep is a common complaint in children with headaches. Sometimes difficulty breathing at night sleep apnea can be an unnoticed trigger for headache. If your child snores, wakes up frequently, or is very tired during the day, regardless of the amount of sleep at night, its important to raise these issues with your doctor. Hormonal changes can trigger migraine attacks or increase their frequency. Also, headache is a common side effect of birth control pill use. Unfortunately, up to 1/3 of children/teens are overweight or obese. There are numerous health issues related to this added weight including more frequent and more severe migraines. Weight loss in a healthy way, even a few pounds, can help reduce the frequency and severity of migraines. If you are concerned that your child may be overweight or obese speak with your pediatrician and start identifying ways to help your child towards a healthy weight. Sometimes children, especially young children, do not need any medication to treat a headache. Often there are non-medication treatments that, used with medication, can provide added benefit. During a migraine attack, a child should be allowed to rest, and even sleep, in a quiet, dark and cool room. Raising the childs head up on a pillow and providing a cool compress for the eyes or forehead can help them feel more comfortable. Trigger avoidance and a regular schedule are preventive measures that can be taken to avoid the frequency of attacks. Often it is helpful to keep a diary of how often headaches are occurring to try to identify potential triggers and spot patterns. Frequent headaches, especially those that occur more than once a week, deserve treatment both medication and non-medication options. Headaches are not good for the brain and headaches often lead to more headaches. With the right treatment regimen your child can get his/her headaches under control and prevent further progression. A fever may produce a headache, which can be the result of the flu or a bacterial infection. A fever, headache and neurological symptoms together can also signal a central nervous system infection. But, on a rare occasion, a high fever and headache combination is the sign of meningitis or encephalitis, especially if these symptoms are accompanied by a stiff neck, weakness, seizures, lethargy, personality changes, nausea and vomiting. It is urgent that these diagnoses be made as quickly as possible, because delayed diagnosis can result in long-term, negative effects. Most children have bumped their heads and a few may have suffered more severe head traumas or concussions. Sometimes it affects the scalp or bone without damaging the brain; in other cases, there may be no evidence of bone damage, but the brain is affected. The child will most probably have a headache and maybe initial nausea or vomiting. But if the headache continues for more than a few days and gets even worse, and definitely if there seems to be neurological changes (changes in response, level of consciousness, continued dizziness or nausea), then the child should be immediately examined by a physician.

• #2 Headaches (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/headache.html

  A headache is pain felt somewhere in the head or neck. They’re very common in kids, and have a wide range of causes and many levels of severity. […] Two common kinds of headaches that kids get are tension headaches and migraines. […] Tension headaches happen when stressed-out head or neck muscles squeeze too hard. This causes pain often described as feeling as though someone is pressing or squeezing on the front, back, or both sides of the head, dull, aching, and constant. […] Migraine headaches are less common. They can cause pounding, throbbing pain on one or both sides of the head, dizziness, stomachaches, nausea and/or vomiting, and seeing spots or halos (called an aura). […] Young kids with headaches may not be able to say what hurts. Parents may notice that they are cranky and less active. They may throw up, or look pale or flushed.

• #3 Headaches in Children and Adolescents | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2002/0215/p625.html

  Headaches are common during childhood and become more common and increase in frequency during adolescence. […] The prevalence of headache ranged from 37 to 51 percent in those who were at least seven years of age and gradually rose to 57 to 82 percent by age 15. […] The chronic-progressive headache pattern, the most ominous of the headache patterns, involves a gradual increase in the frequency and severity of pain over time. […] The prevalence of chronic-nonprogressive (or chronic-daily) headache during adolescence is 0.2 to 0.9 percent. […] Many adolescents have continuous, unremitting daily headache.

• #4 Headache in Children and Adolescents

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9455826/

  Headache is a common symptom in children, and it is important to take a detailed history and perform a thorough physical examination to make the diagnosis. Nearly 1 in 10 children experience recurrent headaches due to migraine, which cause significant impairment in school performance and quality of life. […] Headaches are a very common and disabling problem for children and adolescents. Globally, nearly 60% of children and adolescents experience significant headache, and 7.7% to 9.1% have migraine. […] Children with migraine miss more school than their peers and have impaired school performance and impaired quality of life, similar to that of children with rheumatoid arthritis or cancer. This disability is complicated by the fact that migraine is a silent disease; no outward findings are visible, so the child’s report of pain may be doubted, leading to shame and frustration.

• #5 Headaches in children – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/headaches-in-children/symptoms-causes/syc-20352099

  Headaches in children are common and usually aren’t serious. Like adults, children can develop different types of headaches, including migraines or stress-related (tension) headaches. Children can also have chronic daily headaches. […] In some cases, headaches in children are caused by an infection, high levels of stress or anxiety, or minor head trauma. It’s important to pay attention to your child’s headache symptoms and consult a doctor if the headache worsens or occurs frequently. […] Children get the same types of headaches adults do, but their symptoms may be a little different. For example, migraine pain in adults often lasts at least four hours but in children, the pain may not last as long. […] Differences in symptoms may make it difficult to pinpoint headache type in a child, especially in a younger child who can’t describe symptoms. In general, though, certain symptoms tend to fall more frequently into certain categories.

• #6 Headaches in children | UM Health-Sparrow

  https://www.uofmhealthsparrow.org/departments-conditions/conditions/headaches-children

  Headaches in children are common and usually aren’t serious. Like adults, children can develop different types of headaches, including migraines or stress-related (tension) headaches. Children can also have chronic daily headaches. […] In some cases, headaches in children are caused by an infection, high levels of stress or anxiety, or minor head trauma. It’s important to pay attention to your child’s headache symptoms and consult a doctor if the headache worsens or occurs frequently. […] Children get the same types of headaches adults do, but their symptoms may be a little different. For example, migraine pain in adults often lasts at least four hours but in children, the pain may not last as long. […] Differences in symptoms may make it difficult to pinpoint headache type in a child, especially in a younger child who can’t describe symptoms. In general, though, certain symptoms tend to fall more frequently into certain categories.

• #7

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/alberta/Pages/types-and-causes-of-headaches-in-children.aspx

  There are 2 types of headaches: primary and secondary headaches. […] The 2 most common types of primary headaches that children get are migraine disease and tension-type headaches. […] When your child has these headaches for more than 15 days per month, they might be called chronic daily headaches. […] Migraine disease causes moderate to severe headaches and can cause other symptoms like nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to light and sound. […] Migraine attacks can last from 2 hours to 72 hours (3 days). […] During migraine attacks, the brain releases chemicals which make the brain more sensitive to pain signals and set off other symptoms like nausea and sensitivity to light and sound. […] If your child gets migraine attacks with more complex auras, they may also have other nervous system (neurological) symptoms before, during, or after the migraine such as weakness in their arms, legs, or both.

• #8 Content – Health Encyclopedia – University of Rochester Medical Center

  https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content?contenttypeid=1&contentid=615

  Headaches aren’t only for adults. Kids get them, too. By the time children reach high school age, most have had some type of headache. […] There are two basic types of headaches. Primary headaches have the headache as the only symptom. It will stop once treated. Secondary headaches are caused by some other health problem. They dont often go away until the health problem is treated. […] Primary headaches include tension-type and migraine headaches. […] Tension-type headache is the most common type of headache in children. The most likely causes are emotional upsets or stress. Your child may describe the pain as widespread or like a tight band around the head. This type of headache does not often cause nausea and vomiting. […] Migraine headache is sometimes one-sided and throbbing. It sometimes occurs with nausea and vomiting, or sensitivity to light, noise, or both.

• #9 Headaches – Kids Plus Pediatrics

  https://www.kidsplus.com/parent-resources/doctors-notes/headaches/

  Headaches are common in childhood. 58% of children reported some form of headache over the past year. Based on research, a practical headache classification includes primary and secondary headaches. […] Secondary headaches result from another medical condition. Acute headaches most commonly result in a visit to the pediatricians office. If there are no neurological signs or symptoms, the most common cause for acute headaches in children and teens is a cold or sinus infection. There are also secondary headaches called chronic progressive headaches headaches that get worse and happen more often over time, but thankfully these are rare. […] Children can also get migraine or tension headaches. Tension headaches are the most common type of headache in children, but are generally less severe than migraine headaches.

• #10 Patient education: Headache in children (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/headache-in-children-beyond-the-basics/print

  Headaches are a common complaint in children and adolescents, occurring in up to 75 percent of school-aged children. The frequency of headaches is greater in adolescents than in younger children. There are many possible causes of headaches, from common and nonharmful to rare but serious conditions. […] The symptoms in a child depend upon the child’s age, the type of headache, and the underlying disorders. Headaches are generally classified as primary (ie, the headache symptom itself is the disease or disorder) or secondary (ie, the headache is a symptom of a separate underlying disease or disorder). The most common types of primary headaches in childhood are migraine and tension-type headaches, while the most common secondary headaches are associated with an infectious illness or are related to head injury.

• #11 Headaches in children – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/headaches-in-children/symptoms-causes/syc-20352099

  Migraines can cause: Pulsating or throbbing head pain, Pain that worsens with activity, Nausea, Vomiting, Abdominal pain, Extreme sensitivity to light and sound. […] Tension-type headaches can cause: A pressing tightness in the muscles of the head or neck, Mild to moderate, nonpulsating pain on both sides of the head, Pain that’s not worsened by physical activity, Headache that’s not accompanied by nausea or vomiting, as is often the case with migraine. […] Younger children may withdraw from regular play and want to sleep more. Tension-type headaches can last from 30 minutes to several days. […] Cluster headaches are uncommon in children under 10 years of age. […] Doctors use the phrase „chronic daily headache” (CDH) for migraines and tension-type headaches that occur more than 15 days a month.

• #12 Headaches in Kids and Teens: Overview, Causes, Symptoms and Diagnosis

  https://www.nationwidechildrens.org/conditions/headaches

  Most headaches in children are benign. Childrens headaches are very rarely from serious diseases or physical problems. Migraines and tension-type headaches are very common among children and teens. About 1 in every 10 adolescents (ages 12 to 17 years old) has migraine. Up to 1 in every 25 children starts to have significant headaches before reaching school age. Because of their young age, they may not know how to describe pain. A child with sudden, severe and changing headaches should be seen in the emergency room. Younger children often cannot describe their symptoms. Here are some signs that they are having headaches: They are quieter or moodier than usual. They are less active than usual. They do not want to watch TV or play with toys. They want to rest instead of play. They want to sleep more during the day. They complain of belly pain, vomit or have a loss of appetite. Light and noise bother them. They go to a dark and quiet place. Findings from Nationwide Childrens Hospital physicians demonstrate that headaches increase in fall in children, a trend that may be due to back-to-school changes in stress, routines and sleep. Headaches are common in children and teens. There are many types of headaches. Each type has their own treatment.

• #13 Headaches in Children: When to Worry | Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia

  https://www.chop.edu/news/health-tip/headaches-in-children

  Both children and adults can experience occasional headaches with mild to moderate pain that lasts a few hours. For some, however, the headaches become severe, debilitating or chronic. […] A lot depends on your child’s age and their ability to communicate with you. Children as young as infants can experience headaches. […] The way they express their pain is different depending on their age. Babies who can’t speak yet may cry, touch their heads or tightly close their eyes to avoid painful stimuli. Toddlers or elementary-age children may say their head hurts, bright lights are bothering them or use visual imagery (i.e. feels like someone is using a hammer on their head) to express their level of pain. Teens may become moody or withdrawn. Children experiencing headaches may report pain in the front of their head, or all over their head. Headaches in children may occur repeatedly, be provoked by something (i.e. a loud noise, bright lights or too much activity around them) or occur out of the blue.

• #14 Child & Baby Headache

  https://home.kinsahealth.com/guidance/child-baby-headache

  Headaches in babies are possible. Babies who experience signs and symptoms of a headache or migraine are unable to tell you but yes, our babies can still get headaches! They may be fussier, hold their head while crying, withdraw from regular playing, feed poorly, or sleep more. […] Headaches in kids are just as possible as they are in adults. These headaches can be primary and secondary. Primary headaches meaning they arent caused by an underlying disease are common. […] The most common symptoms of cluster headaches, tension headaches, and migraines: Throbbing or pounding head pain. May or may not worsen with exertion. Nausea and/or vomiting. Stomach ache. (This is more common in kids than adults, especially from the ages of 5-9 years, and is actually considered a subtype of migraines called abdominal migraines. They typically grow out of it but unfortunately, graduate to more typical migraine headaches thereafter.) Extreme sensitivity to light and sound. Pressing tightness in the head or neck muscles. Sharp, stabbing pain on one or both sides of the head. Pain accompanied by teariness, congestion, runny nose, restlessness/agitation. […] If headaches continue, try keeping a headache diary to track the details surrounding each headache (you can make notes in your Kinsa app!): food, drinks, stress level, how long they lasted, medications taken, etc. This is helpful if you want to dive deeper into possible causes.

• #15 Headaches in children – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/headaches-in-children/symptoms-causes/syc-20352099

  Migraines can cause: Pulsating or throbbing head pain, Pain that worsens with activity, Nausea, Vomiting, Abdominal pain, Extreme sensitivity to light and sound. […] Tension-type headaches can cause: A pressing tightness in the muscles of the head or neck, Mild to moderate, nonpulsating pain on both sides of the head, Pain that’s not worsened by physical activity, Headache that’s not accompanied by nausea or vomiting, as is often the case with migraine. […] Younger children may withdraw from regular play and want to sleep more. Tension-type headaches can last from 30 minutes to several days. […] Cluster headaches are uncommon in children under 10 years of age. […] Doctors use the phrase „chronic daily headache” (CDH) for migraines and tension-type headaches that occur more than 15 days a month.

• #16 Headaches in Children

  http://healthlibrary.wvumedicine.org/Conditions/Neuroscience/Children/90,P02603

  A headache is pain or discomfort in one or more areas of the head or face. Headaches can happen once in a while. Or they may happen often. […] Symptoms can be different for each child. […] Symptoms of tension headaches can include: Pain that starts slowly, Head hurting on both sides, Pain that is dull, Pain that feels like a band around the head, Pain in the back part of the head or neck, Pain mild to moderate, but not severe, Change in the child’s sleep habits. […] Symptoms of migraines can include: Premigraine symptoms (an aura), such as seeing flashing lights, a change in vision, or funny smells, Pain on one or both sides of the head, Pain that may be throbbing or pounding, Sensitivity to light or sound, Nausea and vomiting, Belly pain discomfort, Sweating, Child looking pale and being quiet.

• #17 Migraines in Children: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/9637-migraines-in-children-and-adolescents

  When you think about someone getting a migraine, you’re probably thinking of an adult. But children get migraines, too. Migraines in kids are the same disease that affects adults, but it impacts them in different ways. Children’s migraines typically affect both sides of their head, whereas adult migraines more often are one-sided. In addition, children’s migraine attacks are often shorter than adult migraines. However, childhood migraines can be disabling, causing children to miss school, sports and other activities. […] The most common symptom of migraines in children is pounding or throbbing head pain. In young children, the pain usually affects the front or both sides of their heads. But it can also affect their whole head or just a part of their head. […] Other pediatric migraine symptoms may include: Lightheadedness. Dizziness. Difficulty focusing. Sensitivity to sound. Sensitivity to light. Loss of appetite. Abdominal pain. Nausea and/or vomiting.

• #18 Headaches in Children – Stanford Medicine Children’s Health

  https://www.stanfordchildrens.org/en/topic/default?id=headaches-in-children-90-P02603

  A headache is pain or discomfort in one or more areas of the head or face. Headaches can happen once in a while. Or they may happen often. […] Symptoms can occur a bit differently in each child. […] Symptoms of tension headaches can include: Pain that starts slowly, Head hurting on both sides, Pain that is dull, Pain that feels like a band around the head, Pain in the back part of the head or neck, Pain mild to moderate, but not severe, Change in the child’s sleep habits. […] Signs and symptoms of migraines can include: Premigraine symptoms (an aura) such as seeing flashing lights, a change in vision, or funny smells, Pain on one or both sides of the head, Pain that may be throbbing or pounding, Sensitivity to light or sound, Nausea and vomiting, Belly pain discomfort, Sweating, Child looking pale and being quiet.

• #19 Headache – Child Neurology Foundation

  https://www.childneurologyfoundation.org/disorder/headache/

  Children can get the same types of headaches adults do. The symptoms are often similar, but it can be hard for younger children to describe them. […] Children’s headaches are often briefer in duration and thus dismissed. The child may not complain of headache pain initially, but may become quiet and withdraw from their usual activities. […] This can make it difficult to tell exactly what type of headache they have. Most children have either tension headaches or migraines. […] Symptoms of migraine headaches in children include: Pulsing or throbbing head pain, Nausea or vomiting, Pain that worsens with or limits activity, Light and sound sensitivity, Vision changes, Facial pallor. […] Having the genes for migraines can cause brain sensitivity. Many children with these genes will have migraines when they grow older.

• #20 Headaches in children – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/headaches-in-children/symptoms-causes/syc-20352099

  Headaches in children are common and usually aren’t serious. Like adults, children can develop different types of headaches, including migraines or stress-related (tension) headaches. Children can also have chronic daily headaches. […] In some cases, headaches in children are caused by an infection, high levels of stress or anxiety, or minor head trauma. It’s important to pay attention to your child’s headache symptoms and consult a doctor if the headache worsens or occurs frequently. […] Children get the same types of headaches adults do, but their symptoms may be a little different. For example, migraine pain in adults often lasts at least four hours but in children, the pain may not last as long. […] Differences in symptoms may make it difficult to pinpoint headache type in a child, especially in a younger child who can’t describe symptoms. In general, though, certain symptoms tend to fall more frequently into certain categories.

• #21 Headaches (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/headache.html

  Most migraines last from 30 minutes to several hours. Some can last as long as a couple of days. They can feel worse when someone is doing physical activity or is around light, smells, or loud sounds. Sometimes, just before a migraine happens, the person sees wavy lines or bright spots of light. This is called an aura. […] Headaches are common in kids and teens. Headaches (especially migraines) often run in families. So if a parent, grandparent, or other family member gets them, there’s a chance that a child may get them too. Some kids are more sensitive to headache triggers than other kids. […] When your child has a splitting headache, it’s easy to worry. But headaches rarely are a symptom of something serious. […] Call the doctor if your child’s headaches are happening a lot more than usual, don’t go away easily, are very painful, or happen mostly in the morning (when your child wakes up, especially if the headache wakes up your child).

• #22 Migraines in Children: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/9637-migraines-in-children-and-adolescents

  The four stages of a migraine include prodrome, aura, headache and postdrome: Prodrome: The premonitory or warning phase is the first stage of a migraine. It can last for a few hours or up to a few days. It causes symptoms such as fatigue, irritability and a stiff neck. The prodrome phase affects 67% of children with migraines. […] During the headache or attack phase, your child may experience throbbing or pulsing pain in their head along with other symptoms such as nausea, vomiting and light sensitivity. Attacks are usually shorter in children than in adults. […] Treatment helps most children and adolescents with migraine. Fifty percent of children and adolescents report migraine improvement within six months after treatment. But in about 60% of adolescents who experience their first migraine as an adolescent, migraines may continue off and on for many years.

• #23 Childrens Headache Disorders | National Headache Foundation

  https://headaches.org/resources/childrens-headache-disorders/

  When you think about someone having a headache, you probably think of an adult. But many kids have headache disorders, too, and for some of the very same reasons that adults have them. Children and teens can experience tension-type or migraine headache. Among school-age children ages, 5 to 17 in the U.S., 20 percent (10.3 million) are prone to headache. Approximately 15 % of these kids experience tension-type headache and 5% are coping with migraine disease. Chronic or frequent headaches can be tough to handle and are even harder to understand when you are young especially if you do not know anyone else who has them. By the time they reach high school, most young people have experienced some type of headache. Fortunately, less than 5 percent of headaches are the result of serious disease or organic problems, such as a tumor, abscess, or head trauma. Most headaches are tension-type, the result of good and bad stress, sleep issues, or, in a few instances, environmental or food triggers. About 5 percent of recurrent headache will be diagnosed as migraine disease. Episodic headaches are those that occur a few times a month. Chronic headache occurs with much more frequency, several times a week. If a child who has only had an occasional headache (once or twice a month) starts experiencing them more frequently (two, three, or four times a week), then these should be considered chronic and medical attention should be sought as soon as possible. Up to 4 percent of children do have their first headache before they reach elementary school, and they may not yet know how to describe the pain. If a young child has been crying or not eating or has been inexplicably restless or irritable, consult with your doctor about finding the source of discomfort or pain. Most kids who have migraines have inherited them. Approximately 5 percent of kids experiencing chronic headaches will be diagnosed with migraines. Some children have them as early as four years old. Prior to puberty, boys are slightly more likely than girls to get migraines. However after puberty, because of hormonal changes, migraines are twice as common in girls. In adults, migraines throbbing head pain usually occurs on one side of the head, but in children, it can affect both sides. The migraine is often accompanied by nausea, vomiting, dizziness, blurred vision, sensitivity to light and sound, and changes in temperament and personality. A headaches duration varies from individual to individual. But, generally, unlike an adults migraine, which can continue up to four days, a childs migraine might be as short as one hour or may last for a day or so. Children also improve more readily to sleep. So, the best treatment for children is a nap in a quiet, darkroom. About 15 percent of kids experience a migraine headache with an aura. A typical aura is seeing colored or flashing lights, blind spots, or wavy lines or feeling tingling in the face or arm/leg. An aura alerts a migraine sufferer to the onset of a headache, warning the kid several minutes before the pain starts. Young children with migraine may not have head pain at all but rather experience recurrent stomach problems or dizziness. These types of migraine are called migraine variants. Children who have or may develop migraine also are more prone to motion sickness. For most kids, migraine is inherited from a parent. Migraine occurs because of alterations in a persons genetic makeup. An individual migraine attack is often triggered by a particular environmental or emotional event. In some cases, triggers can be identified. Among the most commonly recognized ones are good and bad stress, a change in routine or sleep pattern, bright lights or loud noises, or certain foods and beverages. After a formal diagnosis, a doctors goal is to help reduce or eliminate the symptoms of a migraine and prevent future attacks. For many kids, migraines are aggravated by one or more external triggers. Its important to identify triggers because avoiding the triggers can reduce the intensity and frequency of migraine attacks. Stress is a major trigger for migraine for most people. It would be unusual if stress was not a trigger for you or your child. As much as we would like to protect our children from stress, it is unavoidable. Stress is a part of life and there are certainly routine (school and peer pressure) and unexpected stressors (medical illness, divorce) that can affect children and teens. Given that there will be stressors as adults, teaching stress management techniques at an early age can help give your child lifelong skills for health and wellbeing. Learning to understand your feelings and emotions is an important part of growing up. Not all children can identify that they are feeling stressed and its important to give them the right language and tools to be able to identify stress. Identifying signs like not sleeping well, not wanting to eat or feeling cranky, or having a hard time paying attention are all possible in children. Helping to get to the bottom of these feelings with your child can help them learn about how they experience stress. This is a hot topic in the news, and its true. Trying to cram in too many things in one day creates time pressure, takes away from unscheduled downtime, and can cut into sleep. It is important for children to be active and participate in things they enjoy but beware of trying to pile on too many things. This is a major contributor to stress in children and teens. A full nights sleep is very important for the health of every child and particularly in those with migraine. Children usually need at least 8 to 9 hours of sleep at night and adolescents may need even more. Insufficient sleep can definitely be a trigger as can a change in sleep pattern. And for teen patients who are natural night owls but who have to be up early for school, this can be a huge issue. However, we can not understate how important it is to get enough sleep at regular time intervals. Getting a child/teen to bed on time can be very difficult and it can take months, but the pay off can be big so its worth sticking to the plan. There should be a clear bedtime that should be the same on weekends and weekdays. There should be a very good reason why bedtime is violated (a special event or holiday) and it should be a rare occasion. Oversleeping can be a trigger as well, a common cause of weekend headaches. So, for teens, who like a little extra sleep on weekends it is recommended to wake them at the normal time, have them eat a snack, or drink some water, and then they can return to sleep. Poor and disrupted sleep is a common complaint in children with headaches. Sometimes difficulty breathing at night sleep apnea can be an unnoticed trigger for headache. If your child snores, wakes up frequently, or is very tired during the day, regardless of the amount of sleep at night, its important to raise these issues with your doctor. Hormonal changes can trigger migraine attacks or increase their frequency. Also, headache is a common side effect of birth control pill use. Unfortunately, up to 1/3 of children/teens are overweight or obese. There are numerous health issues related to this added weight including more frequent and more severe migraines. Weight loss in a healthy way, even a few pounds, can help reduce the frequency and severity of migraines. If you are concerned that your child may be overweight or obese speak with your pediatrician and start identifying ways to help your child towards a healthy weight. Sometimes children, especially young children, do not need any medication to treat a headache. Often there are non-medication treatments that, used with medication, can provide added benefit. During a migraine attack, a child should be allowed to rest, and even sleep, in a quiet, dark and cool room. Raising the childs head up on a pillow and providing a cool compress for the eyes or forehead can help them feel more comfortable. Trigger avoidance and a regular schedule are preventive measures that can be taken to avoid the frequency of attacks. Often it is helpful to keep a diary of how often headaches are occurring to try to identify potential triggers and spot patterns. Frequent headaches, especially those that occur more than once a week, deserve treatment both medication and non-medication options. Headaches are not good for the brain and headaches often lead to more headaches. With the right treatment regimen your child can get his/her headaches under control and prevent further progression. A fever may produce a headache, which can be the result of the flu or a bacterial infection. A fever, headache and neurological symptoms together can also signal a central nervous system infection. But, on a rare occasion, a high fever and headache combination is the sign of meningitis or encephalitis, especially if these symptoms are accompanied by a stiff neck, weakness, seizures, lethargy, personality changes, nausea and vomiting. It is urgent that these diagnoses be made as quickly as possible, because delayed diagnosis can result in long-term, negative effects. Most children have bumped their heads and a few may have suffered more severe head traumas or concussions. Sometimes it affects the scalp or bone without damaging the brain; in other cases, there may be no evidence of bone damage, but the brain is affected. The child will most probably have a headache and maybe initial nausea or vomiting. But if the headache continues for more than a few days and gets even worse, and definitely if there seems to be neurological changes (changes in response, level of consciousness, continued dizziness or nausea), then the child should be immediately examined by a physician.

• #24 Headaches in children – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/headaches-in-children/symptoms-causes/syc-20352099

  Migraines can cause: Pulsating or throbbing head pain, Pain that worsens with activity, Nausea, Vomiting, Abdominal pain, Extreme sensitivity to light and sound. […] Tension-type headaches can cause: A pressing tightness in the muscles of the head or neck, Mild to moderate, nonpulsating pain on both sides of the head, Pain that’s not worsened by physical activity, Headache that’s not accompanied by nausea or vomiting, as is often the case with migraine. […] Younger children may withdraw from regular play and want to sleep more. Tension-type headaches can last from 30 minutes to several days. […] Cluster headaches are uncommon in children under 10 years of age. […] Doctors use the phrase „chronic daily headache” (CDH) for migraines and tension-type headaches that occur more than 15 days a month.

• #25 Headaches in Children | Cedars-Sinai

  https://www.cedars-sinai.org/health-library/diseases-and-conditions—pediatrics/h/headaches-in-children.html

  A headache is pain or discomfort in one or more areas of the head or face. Headaches can happen once in a while. Or they may happen often. […] Symptoms can be different for each child. […] Symptoms of tension headaches can include: Pain that starts slowly, Head hurting on both sides, Pain that is dull, Pain that feels like a band around the head, Pain in the back part of the head or neck, Pain mild to moderate, but not severe, Change in the child’s sleep habits. […] Symptoms of migraines can include: Premigraine symptoms (an aura), such as seeing flashing lights, a change in vision, or funny smells, Pain on one or both sides of the head, Pain that may be throbbing or pounding, Sensitivity to light or sound, Nausea and vomiting, Belly pain discomfort, Sweating, Child looking pale and being quiet, Ophthalmoplegic migraine is less common but can cause double vision, droopy eyelid, or other eye problems. These are often signs of secondary headaches, so other health problems need to be ruled out first.

• #26 Headaches in Children | HealthLink BC

  https://www.healthlinkbc.ca/healthwise/headaches-children

  Migraines and tension headaches are common types of headaches in children. These headaches have different symptoms, but they can sometimes be hard to tell apart. […] Symptoms of migraine headaches include: Throbbing that can be felt on one side or both sides of the head. The pain also can move from one side of the head to the other. Nausea, vomiting, or both. Sensitivity to light, noise, and sometimes smells. Changes in vision, such as flashing lights or dark spots, before the headache starts. This symptom, called aura, is more common in adults than in children. […] Symptoms of tension headaches include: A constant ache that does not throb or pulse. Your child will probably feel pain or pressure on both sides of the head. Tightness around the head or forehead. Aching pain at the temples or the back of the head and neck.

• #27 Headaches in Children

  http://healthlibrary.wvumedicine.org/Conditions/Neuroscience/Children/90,P02603

  A headache is pain or discomfort in one or more areas of the head or face. Headaches can happen once in a while. Or they may happen often. […] Symptoms can be different for each child. […] Symptoms of tension headaches can include: Pain that starts slowly, Head hurting on both sides, Pain that is dull, Pain that feels like a band around the head, Pain in the back part of the head or neck, Pain mild to moderate, but not severe, Change in the child’s sleep habits. […] Symptoms of migraines can include: Premigraine symptoms (an aura), such as seeing flashing lights, a change in vision, or funny smells, Pain on one or both sides of the head, Pain that may be throbbing or pounding, Sensitivity to light or sound, Nausea and vomiting, Belly pain discomfort, Sweating, Child looking pale and being quiet.

• #28 Headaches in children – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/headaches-in-children/symptoms-causes/syc-20352099

  Migraines can cause: Pulsating or throbbing head pain, Pain that worsens with activity, Nausea, Vomiting, Abdominal pain, Extreme sensitivity to light and sound. […] Tension-type headaches can cause: A pressing tightness in the muscles of the head or neck, Mild to moderate, nonpulsating pain on both sides of the head, Pain that’s not worsened by physical activity, Headache that’s not accompanied by nausea or vomiting, as is often the case with migraine. […] Younger children may withdraw from regular play and want to sleep more. Tension-type headaches can last from 30 minutes to several days. […] Cluster headaches are uncommon in children under 10 years of age. […] Doctors use the phrase „chronic daily headache” (CDH) for migraines and tension-type headaches that occur more than 15 days a month.

• #29 Headaches in children | UM Health-Sparrow

  https://www.uofmhealthsparrow.org/departments-conditions/conditions/headaches-children

  Migraines can cause: Pulsating or throbbing head pain, Pain that worsens with activity, Nausea, Vomiting, Abdominal pain, Extreme sensitivity to light and sound. […] Even infants can have migraines. A child who’s too young to tell you what’s wrong may cry or rock back and forth to indicate severe pain. […] Tension-type headaches can cause: A pressing tightness in the muscles of the head or neck, Mild to moderate, nonpulsating pain on both sides of the head, Pain that’s not worsened by physical activity, Headache that’s not accompanied by nausea or vomiting, as is often the case with migraine. […] Younger children may withdraw from regular play and want to sleep more. Tension-type headaches can last from 30 minutes to several days. […] Doctors use the phrase „chronic daily headache” (CDH) for migraines and tension-type headaches that occur more than 15 days a month. CDH may be caused by an infection, minor head injury or taking pain medications even nonprescription pain medications too often.

• #30 Headaches in children – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/headaches-in-children/symptoms-causes/syc-20352099

  Migraines can cause: Pulsating or throbbing head pain, Pain that worsens with activity, Nausea, Vomiting, Abdominal pain, Extreme sensitivity to light and sound. […] Tension-type headaches can cause: A pressing tightness in the muscles of the head or neck, Mild to moderate, nonpulsating pain on both sides of the head, Pain that’s not worsened by physical activity, Headache that’s not accompanied by nausea or vomiting, as is often the case with migraine. […] Younger children may withdraw from regular play and want to sleep more. Tension-type headaches can last from 30 minutes to several days. […] Cluster headaches are uncommon in children under 10 years of age. […] Doctors use the phrase „chronic daily headache” (CDH) for migraines and tension-type headaches that occur more than 15 days a month.

• #31 Headaches in Children

  http://healthlibrary.wvumedicine.org/Conditions/Neuroscience/Children/90,P02603

  Symptoms of cluster headaches can include: Severe pain on one side of the head, often behind one eye, The eye that is affected may have a droopy lid, small pupil, or redness and swelling of the eyelid, Runny nose or congestion, Forehead swelling. […] Symptoms of a secondary headache may include: Headaches that start very early in the morning, Pain that’s made worse by coughing or sneezing, Sudden onset of pain, Severe pain, Headache that’s becoming more severe or continuous, Personality changes along with headache, Changes in vision, Weakness in the arms or legs, or balance problems, Seizures or epilepsy, Repeated vomiting without nausea or other signs of a stomach virus, A very young child with a headache, A child that is awakened by the pain of a headache. […] In addition to head pain, your child may have nausea or vomiting.

• #32 Headaches in children | JSS Hospital Blog

  https://jsshospital.in/headaches-in-children/

  Pain that is not exacerbated by physical activity; headaches that are not accompanied by nausea or vomiting, as is frequently the case with migraines; a pressing tightness in the muscles of the head or neck; mild to moderate, non-pulsating pain on both sides of the head; Younger kids might become less interested in routine play and prefer to sleep in more. Headaches of the tension variety may endure for thirty minutes to several days. […] In children under the age of ten, cluster headaches are rare. Typically, they involve one side of the head experiencing sharp, stabbing pain lasting less than three hours; they occur in clusters of five or more episodes, ranging from one headache every other day to eight episodes per day; they are accompanied by teariness, congestion, runny nose, restlessness, or agitation.

• #33 Pediatric cluster headache – Children’s Health Pain Management

  https://www.childrens.com/specialties-services/conditions/cluster-headache

  A pediatric cluster headache occurs in a pattern, lasts multiple days and causes severe pain on one side of the head. […] Children can experience several types of headaches, including clusters of pain that tend to be on the left or right-side of the head or behind one eye. Unlike migraines, cluster headaches occur in groups of five or more attacks, and can occur as one headache every other day. […] Cluster headaches tend to take place at the same time each day and typically last for about three hours. They can also ache for weeks or months at a time without a break from the pain. […] What are the signs and symptoms of a pediatric cluster headache? Congestion (stuffy nose), constricted (small) pupils, drooping eyelids, eye pain, intense, stabbing feeling or pounding in head, pressure in head, runny nose, sweating. […] Cluster headaches normally develop during adolescence (age to 10 to 19). The exact reason is unknown, but there are several related causes.

• #34 Headaches in children | JSS Hospital Blog

  https://jsshospital.in/headaches-in-children/

  Pain that is not exacerbated by physical activity; headaches that are not accompanied by nausea or vomiting, as is frequently the case with migraines; a pressing tightness in the muscles of the head or neck; mild to moderate, non-pulsating pain on both sides of the head; Younger kids might become less interested in routine play and prefer to sleep in more. Headaches of the tension variety may endure for thirty minutes to several days. […] In children under the age of ten, cluster headaches are rare. Typically, they involve one side of the head experiencing sharp, stabbing pain lasting less than three hours; they occur in clusters of five or more episodes, ranging from one headache every other day to eight episodes per day; they are accompanied by teariness, congestion, runny nose, restlessness, or agitation.

• #35 Pediatric Headaches: Red Flags, Causes, Treatment, and More

  https://www.healthline.com/health/pediatric-headache-red-flags

  The pain from tension headaches is generally mild to moderate. These headaches are not linked genetically or with hormones. Instead, they tend to begin during periods of stress and anxiety. They may go away when the stress or anxiety fades. […] Features include: pain that wraps around the head like a band, pain that is felt on both sides of head (bilaterally), tight muscles in the face, neck, jaw, or scalp, may involve sensitivity to light or noise, may be directly related to clenching the jaw, missing meals, not getting enough sleep, or some other stressor, no aura, no nausea or vomiting, doesnt get worse with activity. […] Cluster headaches are very painful headaches. They tend to feel the worst after just 5 to 10 minutes and persist for around 3 hours. Cluster headaches are not as common in children. The average age of onset is when a person is 20 to 50 years old, but kids can still be affected by them.

• #36 Headaches in Children

  http://healthlibrary.wvumedicine.org/Conditions/Neuroscience/Children/90,P02603

  Symptoms of cluster headaches can include: Severe pain on one side of the head, often behind one eye, The eye that is affected may have a droopy lid, small pupil, or redness and swelling of the eyelid, Runny nose or congestion, Forehead swelling. […] Symptoms of a secondary headache may include: Headaches that start very early in the morning, Pain that’s made worse by coughing or sneezing, Sudden onset of pain, Severe pain, Headache that’s becoming more severe or continuous, Personality changes along with headache, Changes in vision, Weakness in the arms or legs, or balance problems, Seizures or epilepsy, Repeated vomiting without nausea or other signs of a stomach virus, A very young child with a headache, A child that is awakened by the pain of a headache. […] In addition to head pain, your child may have nausea or vomiting.

• #37 Headaches in Children – Stanford Medicine Children’s Health

  https://www.stanfordchildrens.org/en/topic/default?id=headaches-in-children-90-P02603

  Symptoms of cluster headaches can include: Severe pain on one side of the head, usually behind one eye, The eye that is affected may have a droopy lid, small pupil, or redness and swelling of the eyelid, Runny nose or congestion, Swelling of the forehead. […] Symptoms of a secondary headache may include: Headaches that start very early in the morning, Pain that is made worse by coughing or sneezing, Sudden onset of pain, Severe pain, Headache that is becoming more severe or continuous, Personality changes along with headache, Changes in vision, Weakness in the arms or legs, or balance problems, Seizures or epilepsy, Recurrent episodes of vomiting without nausea or other signs of a stomach virus, A very young child with a headache, A child that is awakened by the pain of a headache. […] The symptoms of headaches can be like other health conditions. Make sure your child sees his or her healthcare provider for a diagnosis.

• #38 My child has headaches: What should I do? | Texas Children’s

  https://www.texaschildrens.org/content/wellness/my-child-has-headaches-what-should-i-do

  Often, headaches are easily treated at home. When headaches continue despite these interventions, are frequent or if there’s a question regarding the cause of the headache, pediatricians will usually refer to a neurologist. If you notice the following “red flags,” you should seek the help of a neurologist. […] You should be concerned if your child has headaches that change over time, increase in frequency and/or involve any of these following symptoms: Loss of vision or visual changes, Weakness or loss of sensation, Headache on awakening, Confusion or difficulty thinking. […] These symptoms signal a concern regarding secondary headaches, a headache caused by an underlying medical problem. Please note that migraines can involve these symptoms, but other secondary causes should be considered first. If any of these issues are present, talk with your child’s pediatrician.

• #39 Pediatric Headaches: Red Flags, Causes, Treatment, and More

  https://www.healthline.com/health/pediatric-headache-red-flags

  Mommy, my head hurts! Your stomach may drop when you hear your child say these words. Is it a simple headache? Could it be something more? The answer to these questions is maybe and possibly. […] Familiarizing yourself with symptoms of different types of headaches, their frequency, and certain red flags may help you understand whats wrong and when you might need to see your childs doctor. […] First, the good news: Most headaches or primary headaches are not necessarily serious. However, sometimes headaches may be a sign of another issue that needs immediate attention. These are called secondary headaches because they result from other conditions and their effects on the head. […] Contact your pediatrician if any of the following apply: Your child has hit their head or had a recent fall. This may mean they have a concussion or some other injury leading to pressure in their head that needs to be checked out. Your child has a stiff neck or fever. These may be signs of meningitis, which is inflammation of certain membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord. Your childs pain isnt responding to over-the-counter (OTC) pain relievers. Very severe or sudden-onset pain is worth taking your child to the emergency room or at least calling the pediatrician. Your child is lethargic or acting off. The same goes with a headache where your child is also acting unusual. Your child is vomiting without other signs of illness. Vomiting may be a sign of increased intracranial pressure. This can be caused by a number of things, like injury, arachnoid cysts, hydrocephalus, or tumors. Your childs headache woke them out of sleep. If the pain wakes your little one from their slumber, it may be pretty severe and out of the norm for standard headaches. Your child has a headache as soon as they wake up in the morning. This might also be a sign of increased intracranial pressure. Your childs pain gets worse when they lie down. Pressure or pain in the head when lying down is another possible sign of increased intracranial pressure. Your childs headaches happen more than twice a week. Frequent headaches or headaches that regularly interfere with play, school, or other aspects of life are also worth bringing up to your pediatrician.

• #40 Headaches in children – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/headaches-in-children/symptoms-causes/syc-20352099

  Migraines can cause: Pulsating or throbbing head pain, Pain that worsens with activity, Nausea, Vomiting, Abdominal pain, Extreme sensitivity to light and sound. […] Tension-type headaches can cause: A pressing tightness in the muscles of the head or neck, Mild to moderate, nonpulsating pain on both sides of the head, Pain that’s not worsened by physical activity, Headache that’s not accompanied by nausea or vomiting, as is often the case with migraine. […] Younger children may withdraw from regular play and want to sleep more. Tension-type headaches can last from 30 minutes to several days. […] Cluster headaches are uncommon in children under 10 years of age. […] Doctors use the phrase „chronic daily headache” (CDH) for migraines and tension-type headaches that occur more than 15 days a month.

• #41 Headaches in children | UM Health-Sparrow

  https://www.uofmhealthsparrow.org/departments-conditions/conditions/headaches-children

  Migraines can cause: Pulsating or throbbing head pain, Pain that worsens with activity, Nausea, Vomiting, Abdominal pain, Extreme sensitivity to light and sound. […] Even infants can have migraines. A child who’s too young to tell you what’s wrong may cry or rock back and forth to indicate severe pain. […] Tension-type headaches can cause: A pressing tightness in the muscles of the head or neck, Mild to moderate, nonpulsating pain on both sides of the head, Pain that’s not worsened by physical activity, Headache that’s not accompanied by nausea or vomiting, as is often the case with migraine. […] Younger children may withdraw from regular play and want to sleep more. Tension-type headaches can last from 30 minutes to several days. […] Doctors use the phrase „chronic daily headache” (CDH) for migraines and tension-type headaches that occur more than 15 days a month. CDH may be caused by an infection, minor head injury or taking pain medications even nonprescription pain medications too often.

• #42 My child has headaches: What should I do? | Texas Children’s

  https://www.texaschildrens.org/content/wellness/my-child-has-headaches-what-should-i-do

  A tension-type headache often feels like a tight band around the head. While we don’t know what causes them, we do know that stress is the most reported trigger. […] Headaches in children are considered chronic if they occur 15 days or more in a month for more than 3 months. […] While the exact causes of headache aren’t completely understood, chronic headaches are often caused by lack of sleep, poor sleep quality or neck or eye strain. Rarely, problems in the brain may cause chronic, worsening headaches. In these cases, headaches are usually accompanied by other symptoms. […] It’s not uncommon for kids to have a headache and fever at the same time. Several causes can result in headaches with fever: a cold or the flu, bacterial infections and ear infections are among the most common. […] Fever and headache are also among the first symptoms of meningitis, inflammation of the membranes around the brain and spinal cord. Meningitis is rare but serious, so you should talk with your child’s pediatrician right away if you think your child is experiencing symptoms.

• #43 Headaches in children | UM Health-Sparrow

  https://www.uofmhealthsparrow.org/departments-conditions/conditions/headaches-children

  Migraines can cause: Pulsating or throbbing head pain, Pain that worsens with activity, Nausea, Vomiting, Abdominal pain, Extreme sensitivity to light and sound. […] Even infants can have migraines. A child who’s too young to tell you what’s wrong may cry or rock back and forth to indicate severe pain. […] Tension-type headaches can cause: A pressing tightness in the muscles of the head or neck, Mild to moderate, nonpulsating pain on both sides of the head, Pain that’s not worsened by physical activity, Headache that’s not accompanied by nausea or vomiting, as is often the case with migraine. […] Younger children may withdraw from regular play and want to sleep more. Tension-type headaches can last from 30 minutes to several days. […] Doctors use the phrase „chronic daily headache” (CDH) for migraines and tension-type headaches that occur more than 15 days a month. CDH may be caused by an infection, minor head injury or taking pain medications even nonprescription pain medications too often.

• #44 Chronic Headaches in Children

  https://mydoctor.kaiserpermanente.org/mas/structured-content/Condition_Chronic_Headaches_in_Children_-_Pediatric_Neuro.xml?co=/regions/mas

  Chronic daily headache symptoms tend to get worse if not treated. Symptoms can include: […] A permanent tension headache with tight, pressing pain (mild to medium) on both sides of the head. […] A painful, disabling headache or migraine in addition to a tension headache (which are more likely in children with migraine). […] Chronic daily headaches also occur in children who don’t have migraines. These are usually tension headaches. Pain levels can be mild to moderate. […] Headaches occur when the nervous system becomes overly sensitive. Frequent use of pain medications seems to promote over-sensitivity. Headaches caused by medication overuse called rebound headaches. Not all chronic daily headaches are rebound headaches, though. […] If you think your child has chronic or rebound headaches, talk with your pediatrician.

• #45 Headaches in children | JSS Hospital Blog

  https://jsshospital.in/headaches-in-children/

  When a migraine or tension headache occurs more than fifteen days per month, it is referred to by doctors as a chronic daily headache (also known as CDH). Chronic daily headache (CDH) can be brought on by an infection, a small head injury, or overuse of painkillers, even over-the-counter ones. […] Most headaches arent serious, but seek prompt medical care if your childs headaches: Wake your child from sleep, Worsen or become more frequent, Change your childs personality, Follow an injury, such as a blow to the head, Feature persistent vomiting or visual changes, Are accompanied by fever and neck pain or stiffness.

• #46

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/alberta/Pages/types-and-causes-of-headaches-in-children.aspx

  A tension-type headache feels like a dull tightening or pressing on the head. […] Migraine or tension-type headaches might be called chronic daily headaches when your child starts to have them at least 15 days per month. […] Your child might start with a headache that never seems to go away. This is called new-daily persistent headache. […] If your child gets chronic daily headaches, they might feel dizzy, have sleep problems, feel tired, feel anxious, have trouble concentrating, feel sad. […] Talk with your child’s healthcare provider about your child’s headaches if they are happening often or are causing your child to miss school or activities. […] See a healthcare provider as soon as possible if your child has headaches that reach the worst level of pain within the first minute, are the worst headache of their life, wake them up regularly at night.

• #47 Headaches in Children | Sutter Health

  https://www.sutterhealth.org/health/headaches-in-children

  Tension headaches usually dont hit until the teen years, Dr. Cheyette says. […] Teens with tension headaches often report feeling a band of pressure around the head or a constant pressure on one or both sides of the head. […] Chronic daily headaches are a frustrating fact of life for many. The CDH diagnosis covers anyone who has headaches 15 days a month or more, so the daily part should not necessarily be taken literally. […] A headache affects everything a child does, from learning to forming emotional bonds, so the effects can be far-reaching. […] If your child has frequent or severe headaches, talk to your pediatrician or find a pediatric neurologist who specializes in treating childrens headaches. […] The vast majority of childrens headaches are migraine and tension headaches, which do not show up on CT scans or MRIs. […] Doctors who specialize in treating headaches can diagnose most headaches by performing a medical exam and asking questions that help them understand your childs headache pain, patterns and history.

• #48

  https://healthychildren.org/English/health-issues/conditions/head-neck-nervous-system/Pages/Headaches-When-to-Call-the-Pediatrician.aspx

  „My head hurts.” Across the U.S., parents hear this complaint from their children and teenagers at a rate so frequent that it can be hard to know whether it is, in fact, a painful headache (or just an excuse to stay home from school). Head pain in babies and children too young to tell you their head hurts are often fussier, crankier, and unable sleep. […] While most headaches are harmless and go away within a few hours, recurrent headaches of any type can cause school problems, behavioral problems, and/or depression. […] It’s important to know when headaches may be a symptom of something more serious. […] Common symptoms: Call pediatrician if your child has: Daily headaches […] Headaches that keep coming back and get worse. […] Headaches following a head injury that don’t go away after a week.

• #49 Headache – Child Neurology Foundation

  https://www.childneurologyfoundation.org/disorder/headache/

  Most headaches do not seriously affect a child’s function at school or play. Tension headaches usually affect function less than migraine headaches. But if either type of headache is very frequent or severe, it can start to cause problems. […] If untreated, this can eventually cause severe disability and affect the whole family. […] This is why it is important to work with a child’s doctor to come up with an effective treatment plan as soon as possible. Headaches can become more difficult to control the longer they go untreated. In addition, studies have shown that early treatment leads to a better lifelong outcome.

• #50 Migraine in Children and Adolescents

  https://www.migrainedisorders.org/migraine-disorders/migraine-in-children/

  Migraine attacks have some other ‘typical’ symptoms in addition to the head pain — like light or sound sensitivity, nausea, vomiting, and/or vision changes. […] Symptoms can change as a child grows, meaning kids at different ages can have new or different migraine symptoms. […] Abdominal migraine is a type of migraine that occurs mostly in children aged 3-10. Up to 4% of children experience abdominal migraine, but it is often misdiagnosed. […] When a child complains of a headache, the first step should be to take the complaint seriously. Migraine attacks can present differently depending on how old the child is. […] Kids 5 to 10 years old may look pale and/or have dark circles under their eyes. This age group usually experiences a headache across their forehead or on both sides of the head. Children may have stomach pain, vomiting or nausea, sensitivity to light or sound, and feel like they need to sleep.

• #51 Headaches in children | UM Health-Sparrow

  https://www.uofmhealthsparrow.org/departments-conditions/conditions/headaches-children

  Migraines can cause: Pulsating or throbbing head pain, Pain that worsens with activity, Nausea, Vomiting, Abdominal pain, Extreme sensitivity to light and sound. […] Even infants can have migraines. A child who’s too young to tell you what’s wrong may cry or rock back and forth to indicate severe pain. […] Tension-type headaches can cause: A pressing tightness in the muscles of the head or neck, Mild to moderate, nonpulsating pain on both sides of the head, Pain that’s not worsened by physical activity, Headache that’s not accompanied by nausea or vomiting, as is often the case with migraine. […] Younger children may withdraw from regular play and want to sleep more. Tension-type headaches can last from 30 minutes to several days. […] Doctors use the phrase „chronic daily headache” (CDH) for migraines and tension-type headaches that occur more than 15 days a month. CDH may be caused by an infection, minor head injury or taking pain medications even nonprescription pain medications too often.

• #52 Child & Baby Headache

  https://home.kinsahealth.com/guidance/child-baby-headache

  Headaches in babies are possible. Babies who experience signs and symptoms of a headache or migraine are unable to tell you but yes, our babies can still get headaches! They may be fussier, hold their head while crying, withdraw from regular playing, feed poorly, or sleep more. […] Headaches in kids are just as possible as they are in adults. These headaches can be primary and secondary. Primary headaches meaning they arent caused by an underlying disease are common. […] The most common symptoms of cluster headaches, tension headaches, and migraines: Throbbing or pounding head pain. May or may not worsen with exertion. Nausea and/or vomiting. Stomach ache. (This is more common in kids than adults, especially from the ages of 5-9 years, and is actually considered a subtype of migraines called abdominal migraines. They typically grow out of it but unfortunately, graduate to more typical migraine headaches thereafter.) Extreme sensitivity to light and sound. Pressing tightness in the head or neck muscles. Sharp, stabbing pain on one or both sides of the head. Pain accompanied by teariness, congestion, runny nose, restlessness/agitation. […] If headaches continue, try keeping a headache diary to track the details surrounding each headache (you can make notes in your Kinsa app!): food, drinks, stress level, how long they lasted, medications taken, etc. This is helpful if you want to dive deeper into possible causes.

• #53 Children’s Headaches: Symptoms, Types & Treatment l TYLENOL®

  https://www.tylenol.com/children-infants/pain-relief/headaches

  Headaches are common in children. One study* found that 40% of kids experienced a headache by the time they turn seven. If you think your child may be showing headache symptoms, dont hesitate to speak with your pediatrician. This page outlines the types of headaches that children may get and what you can do to help alleviate your little ones pain. […] Young children may not be able to communicate the headache pain theyre experiencing. Here are some common indicators. Throbbing pain anywhere on or around the forehead, eyes, sinuses, crown, jaw, or neck. Nausea or vomiting. Grabbing head or pulling hair. Sensitivity to light or sound. Crying. […] Pain relievers containing acetaminophen like Childrens TYLENOL can safely help alleviate headaches in children when used as directed. Childrens TYLENOL is a pain reliever that can safely relieve most childrens headaches when used as directed.

• #54 Migraine in Children and Adolescents

  https://www.migrainedisorders.org/migraine-disorders/migraine-in-children/

  Migraine attacks have some other ‘typical’ symptoms in addition to the head pain — like light or sound sensitivity, nausea, vomiting, and/or vision changes. […] Symptoms can change as a child grows, meaning kids at different ages can have new or different migraine symptoms. […] Abdominal migraine is a type of migraine that occurs mostly in children aged 3-10. Up to 4% of children experience abdominal migraine, but it is often misdiagnosed. […] When a child complains of a headache, the first step should be to take the complaint seriously. Migraine attacks can present differently depending on how old the child is. […] Kids 5 to 10 years old may look pale and/or have dark circles under their eyes. This age group usually experiences a headache across their forehead or on both sides of the head. Children may have stomach pain, vomiting or nausea, sensitivity to light or sound, and feel like they need to sleep.

• #55 Migraine Headache in Children: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Remedy

  https://www.emedicinehealth.com/migraine_headache_in_children/article_em.htm

  Migraine headaches are the most common acute and recurrent headache pattern experienced by children. These often incapacitating experiences are noteworthy for their sudden onset and accompanying symptoms of nausea, abdominal pain, vomiting, and relief by sleep. […] Migraineurs may present with an array of various signs and symptoms. During a migraine episode, patients often endure the sudden onset of a severe headache located around the eyes, in the forehead region, or in the temples. […] Some children experience vision changes or other sensory changes („auras”) during or proceeding a headache. A sick feeling in the stomach or vomiting is common. Many children avoid bright lights, loud noises, or strong odors since these may amplify the pain of their headache. […] The symptoms of migraines interrupt normal activities in a majority of children who suffer from them. In one study of 970,000 self-reported migraineurs aged 6 to 18 years, 329,000 school days were lost per month.

• #56 Migraine Headache in Children: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Remedy

  https://www.emedicinehealth.com/migraine_headache_in_children/article_em.htm

  Preschool children experiencing a migraine attack usually look ill and have abdominal pain, vomiting, and a strong need to sleep. […] Migraineurs aged 5 to 10 years of age experience: headache, nausea, abdominal cramping, vomiting, photophobia (sensitivity to light), phonophobia (sensitivity to sound), osmophobia (sensitivity to smells), and a need to sleep. […] The actual headache phase of a migraine attack is usually shorter in children than in adults. Children’s headaches can last 30 minutes to 48 hours but usually last less than 4 hours. Some children report short headaches lasting 10 to 20 minutes. […] After the headache phase, the migraineur (person who has migraines) may feel elated and energized or, more typically, exhausted and lethargic (weary, tired) in the stage known as the postdrome. This stage of migraine may last from hours to days. […] The primary goals of preventive therapy are to prevent migraine attacks and to reduce the frequency and severity of attacks. Most preventive migraine medications have potential side effects, so only children with at least one to two attacks per week should take them.

• #57 Migraine in Children and Adolescents

  https://www.migrainedisorders.org/migraine-disorders/migraine-in-children/

  Adolescents (ages 10-19) may feel a headache on one or both sides of their head. The location and intensity of the pain may change, especially around puberty. This is the age range when auras may begin to occur. […] Not only do migraine symptoms vary, so can the frequency of attacks. Some people have more frequent attacks than others. Individuals with episodic migraine have 14 or fewer headache days per month. People with chronic migraine have 15 or more headache days per month with migraine symptoms on eight or more days for at least three months. […] About 20% of kids with migraine will have their first attack before the age of 5. […] Migraine can be disruptive and disabling which may severely affecting a child’s quality of life. Migraine can greatly impact a child’s routine, education, social life, and family life.

• #58 Headaches in children – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/headaches-in-children/symptoms-causes/syc-20352099

  Most headaches aren’t serious, but seek prompt medical care if your child’s headaches: Wake your child from sleep, Worsen or become more frequent, Change your child’s personality, Follow an injury, such as a blow to the head, Feature persistent vomiting or visual changes, Are accompanied by fever and neck pain or stiffness. […] A number of factors can cause your child to develop headaches. Factors include: Illness and infection, Head trauma, Emotional factors, Genetic predisposition, Certain foods and beverages, Problems in the brain. […] Any child can develop headaches, but they’re more common in: Girls after they reach puberty, Children who have a family history of headaches or migraines, Older teens. […] The following may help you prevent headaches or reduce the severity of headaches in children: Practice healthy behaviors, Reduce stress, Keep a headache diary, Avoid headache triggers, Follow your doctor’s plan.

• #59 Childrens Headache Disorders | National Headache Foundation

  https://headaches.org/resources/childrens-headache-disorders/

  When you think about someone having a headache, you probably think of an adult. But many kids have headache disorders, too, and for some of the very same reasons that adults have them. Children and teens can experience tension-type or migraine headache. Among school-age children ages, 5 to 17 in the U.S., 20 percent (10.3 million) are prone to headache. Approximately 15 % of these kids experience tension-type headache and 5% are coping with migraine disease. Chronic or frequent headaches can be tough to handle and are even harder to understand when you are young especially if you do not know anyone else who has them. By the time they reach high school, most young people have experienced some type of headache. Fortunately, less than 5 percent of headaches are the result of serious disease or organic problems, such as a tumor, abscess, or head trauma. Most headaches are tension-type, the result of good and bad stress, sleep issues, or, in a few instances, environmental or food triggers. About 5 percent of recurrent headache will be diagnosed as migraine disease. Episodic headaches are those that occur a few times a month. Chronic headache occurs with much more frequency, several times a week. If a child who has only had an occasional headache (once or twice a month) starts experiencing them more frequently (two, three, or four times a week), then these should be considered chronic and medical attention should be sought as soon as possible. Up to 4 percent of children do have their first headache before they reach elementary school, and they may not yet know how to describe the pain. If a young child has been crying or not eating or has been inexplicably restless or irritable, consult with your doctor about finding the source of discomfort or pain. Most kids who have migraines have inherited them. Approximately 5 percent of kids experiencing chronic headaches will be diagnosed with migraines. Some children have them as early as four years old. Prior to puberty, boys are slightly more likely than girls to get migraines. However after puberty, because of hormonal changes, migraines are twice as common in girls. In adults, migraines throbbing head pain usually occurs on one side of the head, but in children, it can affect both sides. The migraine is often accompanied by nausea, vomiting, dizziness, blurred vision, sensitivity to light and sound, and changes in temperament and personality. A headaches duration varies from individual to individual. But, generally, unlike an adults migraine, which can continue up to four days, a childs migraine might be as short as one hour or may last for a day or so. Children also improve more readily to sleep. So, the best treatment for children is a nap in a quiet, darkroom. About 15 percent of kids experience a migraine headache with an aura. A typical aura is seeing colored or flashing lights, blind spots, or wavy lines or feeling tingling in the face or arm/leg. An aura alerts a migraine sufferer to the onset of a headache, warning the kid several minutes before the pain starts. Young children with migraine may not have head pain at all but rather experience recurrent stomach problems or dizziness. These types of migraine are called migraine variants. Children who have or may develop migraine also are more prone to motion sickness. For most kids, migraine is inherited from a parent. Migraine occurs because of alterations in a persons genetic makeup. An individual migraine attack is often triggered by a particular environmental or emotional event. In some cases, triggers can be identified. Among the most commonly recognized ones are good and bad stress, a change in routine or sleep pattern, bright lights or loud noises, or certain foods and beverages. After a formal diagnosis, a doctors goal is to help reduce or eliminate the symptoms of a migraine and prevent future attacks. For many kids, migraines are aggravated by one or more external triggers. Its important to identify triggers because avoiding the triggers can reduce the intensity and frequency of migraine attacks. Stress is a major trigger for migraine for most people. It would be unusual if stress was not a trigger for you or your child. As much as we would like to protect our children from stress, it is unavoidable. Stress is a part of life and there are certainly routine (school and peer pressure) and unexpected stressors (medical illness, divorce) that can affect children and teens. Given that there will be stressors as adults, teaching stress management techniques at an early age can help give your child lifelong skills for health and wellbeing. Learning to understand your feelings and emotions is an important part of growing up. Not all children can identify that they are feeling stressed and its important to give them the right language and tools to be able to identify stress. Identifying signs like not sleeping well, not wanting to eat or feeling cranky, or having a hard time paying attention are all possible in children. Helping to get to the bottom of these feelings with your child can help them learn about how they experience stress. This is a hot topic in the news, and its true. Trying to cram in too many things in one day creates time pressure, takes away from unscheduled downtime, and can cut into sleep. It is important for children to be active and participate in things they enjoy but beware of trying to pile on too many things. This is a major contributor to stress in children and teens. A full nights sleep is very important for the health of every child and particularly in those with migraine. Children usually need at least 8 to 9 hours of sleep at night and adolescents may need even more. Insufficient sleep can definitely be a trigger as can a change in sleep pattern. And for teen patients who are natural night owls but who have to be up early for school, this can be a huge issue. However, we can not understate how important it is to get enough sleep at regular time intervals. Getting a child/teen to bed on time can be very difficult and it can take months, but the pay off can be big so its worth sticking to the plan. There should be a clear bedtime that should be the same on weekends and weekdays. There should be a very good reason why bedtime is violated (a special event or holiday) and it should be a rare occasion. Oversleeping can be a trigger as well, a common cause of weekend headaches. So, for teens, who like a little extra sleep on weekends it is recommended to wake them at the normal time, have them eat a snack, or drink some water, and then they can return to sleep. Poor and disrupted sleep is a common complaint in children with headaches. Sometimes difficulty breathing at night sleep apnea can be an unnoticed trigger for headache. If your child snores, wakes up frequently, or is very tired during the day, regardless of the amount of sleep at night, its important to raise these issues with your doctor. Hormonal changes can trigger migraine attacks or increase their frequency. Also, headache is a common side effect of birth control pill use. Unfortunately, up to 1/3 of children/teens are overweight or obese. There are numerous health issues related to this added weight including more frequent and more severe migraines. Weight loss in a healthy way, even a few pounds, can help reduce the frequency and severity of migraines. If you are concerned that your child may be overweight or obese speak with your pediatrician and start identifying ways to help your child towards a healthy weight. Sometimes children, especially young children, do not need any medication to treat a headache. Often there are non-medication treatments that, used with medication, can provide added benefit. During a migraine attack, a child should be allowed to rest, and even sleep, in a quiet, dark and cool room. Raising the childs head up on a pillow and providing a cool compress for the eyes or forehead can help them feel more comfortable. Trigger avoidance and a regular schedule are preventive measures that can be taken to avoid the frequency of attacks. Often it is helpful to keep a diary of how often headaches are occurring to try to identify potential triggers and spot patterns. Frequent headaches, especially those that occur more than once a week, deserve treatment both medication and non-medication options. Headaches are not good for the brain and headaches often lead to more headaches. With the right treatment regimen your child can get his/her headaches under control and prevent further progression. A fever may produce a headache, which can be the result of the flu or a bacterial infection. A fever, headache and neurological symptoms together can also signal a central nervous system infection. But, on a rare occasion, a high fever and headache combination is the sign of meningitis or encephalitis, especially if these symptoms are accompanied by a stiff neck, weakness, seizures, lethargy, personality changes, nausea and vomiting. It is urgent that these diagnoses be made as quickly as possible, because delayed diagnosis can result in long-term, negative effects. Most children have bumped their heads and a few may have suffered more severe head traumas or concussions. Sometimes it affects the scalp or bone without damaging the brain; in other cases, there may be no evidence of bone damage, but the brain is affected. The child will most probably have a headache and maybe initial nausea or vomiting. But if the headache continues for more than a few days and gets even worse, and definitely if there seems to be neurological changes (changes in response, level of consciousness, continued dizziness or nausea), then the child should be immediately examined by a physician.

• #60 Headaches in Children | Sutter Health

  https://www.sutterhealth.org/health/headaches-in-children

  Tension headaches usually dont hit until the teen years, Dr. Cheyette says. […] Teens with tension headaches often report feeling a band of pressure around the head or a constant pressure on one or both sides of the head. […] Chronic daily headaches are a frustrating fact of life for many. The CDH diagnosis covers anyone who has headaches 15 days a month or more, so the daily part should not necessarily be taken literally. […] A headache affects everything a child does, from learning to forming emotional bonds, so the effects can be far-reaching. […] If your child has frequent or severe headaches, talk to your pediatrician or find a pediatric neurologist who specializes in treating childrens headaches. […] The vast majority of childrens headaches are migraine and tension headaches, which do not show up on CT scans or MRIs. […] Doctors who specialize in treating headaches can diagnose most headaches by performing a medical exam and asking questions that help them understand your childs headache pain, patterns and history.

• #61 Migraines in Children: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/9637-migraines-in-children-and-adolescents

  The four stages of a migraine include prodrome, aura, headache and postdrome: Prodrome: The premonitory or warning phase is the first stage of a migraine. It can last for a few hours or up to a few days. It causes symptoms such as fatigue, irritability and a stiff neck. The prodrome phase affects 67% of children with migraines. […] During the headache or attack phase, your child may experience throbbing or pulsing pain in their head along with other symptoms such as nausea, vomiting and light sensitivity. Attacks are usually shorter in children than in adults. […] Treatment helps most children and adolescents with migraine. Fifty percent of children and adolescents report migraine improvement within six months after treatment. But in about 60% of adolescents who experience their first migraine as an adolescent, migraines may continue off and on for many years.

• #62 Migraines in Children: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/9637-migraines-in-children-and-adolescents

  The four stages of a migraine include prodrome, aura, headache and postdrome: Prodrome: The premonitory or warning phase is the first stage of a migraine. It can last for a few hours or up to a few days. It causes symptoms such as fatigue, irritability and a stiff neck. The prodrome phase affects 67% of children with migraines. […] During the headache or attack phase, your child may experience throbbing or pulsing pain in their head along with other symptoms such as nausea, vomiting and light sensitivity. Attacks are usually shorter in children than in adults. […] Treatment helps most children and adolescents with migraine. Fifty percent of children and adolescents report migraine improvement within six months after treatment. But in about 60% of adolescents who experience their first migraine as an adolescent, migraines may continue off and on for many years.

• #63 Diagnosing and treating headaches in children – Eugene Pediatric Associates

  https://www.eugenepeds.com/healthy-kids/diagnosing-and-treating-headaches-in-children/

  Did you know that headaches are one of the most common reasons kids see their pediatrician? […] There are certain types of headaches that happen frequently in children, says Dr. Pilar Bradshaw. One is musculoskeletal or tension-based headaches and the other is migraines. […] Migraine pain is usually more severe than a typical headache. It often includes throbbing on one side of the head that can worsen with activity. Migraine headaches also tend to occur with other symptoms, such as nausea, vomiting, vision problems (e.g., seeing spots or flashing lights), light and sound sensitivity, and tingling. […] Migraines often develop in stages: […] Attack phase: severe, throbbing or pulsating pain with nausea, vomiting and light sensitivity. […] Common illnesses such as colds, flu, and ear and sinus infections are some of the most frequent causes of headaches in children.

• #64 Migraine Headache in Children: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Remedy

  https://www.emedicinehealth.com/migraine_headache_in_children/article_em.htm

  Preschool children experiencing a migraine attack usually look ill and have abdominal pain, vomiting, and a strong need to sleep. […] Migraineurs aged 5 to 10 years of age experience: headache, nausea, abdominal cramping, vomiting, photophobia (sensitivity to light), phonophobia (sensitivity to sound), osmophobia (sensitivity to smells), and a need to sleep. […] The actual headache phase of a migraine attack is usually shorter in children than in adults. Children’s headaches can last 30 minutes to 48 hours but usually last less than 4 hours. Some children report short headaches lasting 10 to 20 minutes. […] After the headache phase, the migraineur (person who has migraines) may feel elated and energized or, more typically, exhausted and lethargic (weary, tired) in the stage known as the postdrome. This stage of migraine may last from hours to days. […] The primary goals of preventive therapy are to prevent migraine attacks and to reduce the frequency and severity of attacks. Most preventive migraine medications have potential side effects, so only children with at least one to two attacks per week should take them.

• #65 Migraine in Children | American Migraine Foundation

  https://americanmigrainefoundation.org/resource-library/migraine-children/

  The head pain associated with migraine is typically moderate-to-severe. Head pain can be one-sided and throbbing. But often, this is not the case in children and teens. They may complain of a steady, bilateral pain that is often—but not always—above the eyes. A migraine attack can last from one hour to several days. Often, children’s attacks are shorter than adults’. Associated symptoms commonly include nausea, vomiting, light sensitivity and sound sensitivity. Some children describe other symptoms such as having difficulty focusing, blurred vision and lightheadedness or dizziness. Some children experience abdominal pain with an attack. Head pain is severe enough to make a child miss school or other activities (or it keeps them from being at their best when they do those activities). […] A minority of children will also have an aura preceding the onset of the migraine. Auras are usually a visual disturbance, but it can affect speech or involve feelings of numbness in the face and arm. […] Migraine is further classified based on the frequency at which attacks occur. Episodic migraine describes patients experiencing fewer than 15 headache days per month. Chronic migraine is for when patients have more than 15 headache days per month.

• #66 Clinical manifestations of headache in children younger than 7 years

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6258963/

  Headache is a common symptom during childhood. It is usually persistent and requires special care. This study aimed to identify the characteristics of headache in children 7 years of age. […] In children aged 7 years, headache has a relatively benign course, but detailed history taking is needed for more accurate diagnosis. […] Headache is considered one of the most common symptoms during childhood that is usually long-lasting and frequent enough to need special care. […] The lifetime prevalence of headache in childhood and adolescence is estimated to be approximately 40% in the general pediatric population, as compared to 4%20% in preschool children and 38%50% in school-aged children. […] Headache in preschoolers are considered relatively less common. […] Previous studies reported that headache prevalence in children 34 years of age was 3%6% and increased from 5.9% to 6.3% around 7 years of age.

• #67 Clinical manifestations of headache in children younger than 7 years

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6258963/

  The mean disease duration was 5.87.9 months. […] The average attack frequency was 15.110.6 times per month. […] A total of 55 patients (37.7%) reported having headaches more than once per week. […] The average VAS score for pain severity was 5.12.2. […] A total of 29 patients (19.9%) were treated with medication.

• #68 Headaches in Children: Causes, Types & Pain Relief

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/4225-headaches-in-children

  This type of headache lasts from one to two hours and usually happens two to four times a month. […] Chronic progressive headaches: Gradual increase in how often their headaches happen. Gradual increase in how severe their headaches are. […] When chronic progressive headaches occur along with other neurological symptoms (for example, weakness, balance problems and visual disturbances), they can be the sign of such brain conditions as an abnormal build-up of fluid in their brain (hydrocephalus), inflammation of their brain, tumor or other conditions. […] There are many possible causes for headaches in children. They include, but arent limited to: Simple illnesses like the flu, an infection or a fever. […] Headaches can affect your child in several ways. They can reduce their quality of life at school and home. But avoiding common triggers and finding appropriate treatment can significantly improve your childs quality of life.

• #69 Headaches in Children: Causes, Types & Pain Relief

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/4225-headaches-in-children

  This type of headache lasts from one to two hours and usually happens two to four times a month. […] Chronic progressive headaches: Gradual increase in how often their headaches happen. Gradual increase in how severe their headaches are. […] When chronic progressive headaches occur along with other neurological symptoms (for example, weakness, balance problems and visual disturbances), they can be the sign of such brain conditions as an abnormal build-up of fluid in their brain (hydrocephalus), inflammation of their brain, tumor or other conditions. […] There are many possible causes for headaches in children. They include, but arent limited to: Simple illnesses like the flu, an infection or a fever. […] Headaches can affect your child in several ways. They can reduce their quality of life at school and home. But avoiding common triggers and finding appropriate treatment can significantly improve your childs quality of life.

• #70 Headaches in Children and Adolescents | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2002/0215/p625.html

  Headaches are common during childhood and become more common and increase in frequency during adolescence. […] The prevalence of headache ranged from 37 to 51 percent in those who were at least seven years of age and gradually rose to 57 to 82 percent by age 15. […] The chronic-progressive headache pattern, the most ominous of the headache patterns, involves a gradual increase in the frequency and severity of pain over time. […] The prevalence of chronic-nonprogressive (or chronic-daily) headache during adolescence is 0.2 to 0.9 percent. […] Many adolescents have continuous, unremitting daily headache.

• #71 Headaches in Children: Causes, Types & Pain Relief

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/4225-headaches-in-children

  This type of headache lasts from one to two hours and usually happens two to four times a month. […] Chronic progressive headaches: Gradual increase in how often their headaches happen. Gradual increase in how severe their headaches are. […] When chronic progressive headaches occur along with other neurological symptoms (for example, weakness, balance problems and visual disturbances), they can be the sign of such brain conditions as an abnormal build-up of fluid in their brain (hydrocephalus), inflammation of their brain, tumor or other conditions. […] There are many possible causes for headaches in children. They include, but arent limited to: Simple illnesses like the flu, an infection or a fever. […] Headaches can affect your child in several ways. They can reduce their quality of life at school and home. But avoiding common triggers and finding appropriate treatment can significantly improve your childs quality of life.

• #72 Headaches in Children: Causes, Types & Pain Relief

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/4225-headaches-in-children

  As your child grows, headaches may disappear. But they may return later in life. […] When your child has more than the occasional headache. When your childs headaches are severe. When your childs headaches happen suddenly. […] Remember, its not uncommon for a child to have headaches. Although they may happen frequently, interfere with your childs life and be very painful, headaches wont cause permanent damage to their brain and its very unlikely theres a brain tumor.

• #73 Headache in Children and Adolescents

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9455826/

  Up to three-fourths of children with migraine will continue to have symptoms into adulthood. […] Migraine is the leading cause of disability worldwide for older adolescents and young adults. […] The presence of aura and associated dizziness increases with age. […] Children with recurrent headaches have approximately double the likelihood of recurrent headaches in adulthood and also have increased likelihood of having other physical symptoms and psychiatric comorbidities. […] Children with migraine are more likely to report continued headaches into adulthood compared to children with tension-type headache, and, similarly, higher pain severity increases the odds of continued headache into adulthood.

• #74 Pediatric Headaches: Red Flags, Causes, Treatment, and More

  https://www.healthline.com/health/pediatric-headache-red-flags

  Causes of secondary headaches may include things like: illness (cold, flu, etc.), infection (ear infection, meningitis, etc.), head injury, neck injury, arachnoid cysts, hydrocephalus, seizure disorders, tumors. […] Be sure to pay attention to any symptoms and red flags associated with your childs head pain. […] If your child has headaches often, you may also want to speak with your doctor about how frequent use of medications may actually increase headaches. […] Children may or may not outgrow their headaches. It will depend on the cause of the headache, the type, and other factors, like genetics. For example, tension headaches tend to start in the teen years and then peak when a person reaches their 30s. […] Migraine, on the other hand, can be genetic or related to hormones. So, migraine headaches may persist if theres a family history or during times of hormonal change (like the menstrual cycle). […] Headaches linked to stress, anxiety, or changes during puberty may subside, however. And if youre able to identify headache triggers, as your child grows, they may be better able to manage their headaches.

• #75 Pediatric Headache: Practice Essentials, Background, Etiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2110861-overview

  Long-term prognostic studies of pediatric headache are scarce, but at 20-year follow-up, 73% of pediatric headache patients in their study continued to suffer from headache. […] Early diagnosis and prompt initiation of optimal treatments (abortive and preventative) may lead to better treatment outcomes and prognosis and less disability for children and adolescents with migraine.

• #76 Pediatric Headache: Practice Essentials, Background, Etiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2110861-overview

  Long-term prognostic studies of pediatric headache are scarce, but at 20-year follow-up, 73% of pediatric headache patients in their study continued to suffer from headache. […] Early diagnosis and prompt initiation of optimal treatments (abortive and preventative) may lead to better treatment outcomes and prognosis and less disability for children and adolescents with migraine.

• #77 Headaches in children – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/headaches-in-children/symptoms-causes/syc-20352099

  Most headaches aren’t serious, but seek prompt medical care if your child’s headaches: Wake your child from sleep, Worsen or become more frequent, Change your child’s personality, Follow an injury, such as a blow to the head, Feature persistent vomiting or visual changes, Are accompanied by fever and neck pain or stiffness. […] A number of factors can cause your child to develop headaches. Factors include: Illness and infection, Head trauma, Emotional factors, Genetic predisposition, Certain foods and beverages, Problems in the brain. […] Any child can develop headaches, but they’re more common in: Girls after they reach puberty, Children who have a family history of headaches or migraines, Older teens. […] The following may help you prevent headaches or reduce the severity of headaches in children: Practice healthy behaviors, Reduce stress, Keep a headache diary, Avoid headache triggers, Follow your doctor’s plan.

• #78

  https://healthychildren.org/English/health-issues/conditions/head-neck-nervous-system/Pages/Headaches-When-to-Call-the-Pediatrician.aspx

  „My head hurts.” Across the U.S., parents hear this complaint from their children and teenagers at a rate so frequent that it can be hard to know whether it is, in fact, a painful headache (or just an excuse to stay home from school). Head pain in babies and children too young to tell you their head hurts are often fussier, crankier, and unable sleep. […] While most headaches are harmless and go away within a few hours, recurrent headaches of any type can cause school problems, behavioral problems, and/or depression. […] It’s important to know when headaches may be a symptom of something more serious. […] Common symptoms: Call pediatrician if your child has: Daily headaches […] Headaches that keep coming back and get worse. […] Headaches following a head injury that don’t go away after a week.

• #79 8 things to watch for when your child has a headache – Harvard Health

  https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/8-things-to-watch-for-when-your-child-has-a-headache-2017051611761

  Headaches are common in childhood. Most of the time, they are nothing to worry about and are caused by common minor illnesses, a mild bump to the head, lack of sleep, not getting enough food or drink, or stress. Migraine headaches can also be seen in childhood, but with awareness and avoidance of triggers, they dont usually cause problems. […] Sometimes, though, headaches are a problem and something to worry about. Here is when you should worry: […] 1. When a headache is accompanied by a fever and a stiff neck. Your child should be able to look up at the ceiling, touch his chin to his chest and shake his head back and forth. If he cant, you should bring him to an emergency room to be sure he doesnt have meningitis. […] 2. When the pain is severe and unrelenting despite acetaminophen or ibuprofen. Any bad pain anywhere deserves medical attention.

• #80 8 things to watch for when your child has a headache – Harvard Health

  https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/8-things-to-watch-for-when-your-child-has-a-headache-2017051611761

  3. When a headache is accompanied by frequent or persistent vomiting, especially in the absence of other signs of illness like fever or diarrhea. It may just be a virus, and children may have vomiting after a head bump, but its worth a call to the doctor, as vomiting can be a sign of pressure on the brain. […] 4. When along with a headache, your child is unusually sleepy or has trouble walking, talking, or doing other normal activities. Again, it could just be a virus but you should check in with your doctor. […] 5. When a headache wakes your child from sleep. Sometimes children wake up for other reasons and realize they have a headache; that doesnt count. But if the pain itself is waking the child from sleep, thats not the average headache and you should call your doctor. […] 6. When a headache is worse lying down. The way you most commonly notice this is that the headache is at its worst first thing in the morning and gets better as the day goes on. This is the opposite from the way most headaches happen and can be a sign of increased pressure on the brain. If you notice that this is the pattern, call your doctor.

• #81 8 things to watch for when your child has a headache – Harvard Health

  https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/8-things-to-watch-for-when-your-child-has-a-headache-2017051611761

  7. When the headaches are frequent or are interfering with daily life. If your child has headaches two or more times a week, or they are making it hard for your child to do homework, play, or otherwise live a normal life, give your doctor a call. It doesnt necessarily mean that something serious is going on, but its worth a visit to be sure and to find ways to manage and hopefully prevent the headaches. This is particularly true if you find yourself giving your child medication frequently; it turns out that giving medication frequently can cause headaches to be more frequent. […] 8. Whenever there is something about a headache that worries you, even if it isnt on this list. I always respect a parents instincts and always want to allay a parents anxiety. So, if something doesnt seem right to you, or if you have a question, call your doctor. Thats what we are here for.

• #82 Pediatric Headaches: Red Flags, Causes, Treatment, and More

  https://www.healthline.com/health/pediatric-headache-red-flags

  Mommy, my head hurts! Your stomach may drop when you hear your child say these words. Is it a simple headache? Could it be something more? The answer to these questions is maybe and possibly. […] Familiarizing yourself with symptoms of different types of headaches, their frequency, and certain red flags may help you understand whats wrong and when you might need to see your childs doctor. […] First, the good news: Most headaches or primary headaches are not necessarily serious. However, sometimes headaches may be a sign of another issue that needs immediate attention. These are called secondary headaches because they result from other conditions and their effects on the head. […] Contact your pediatrician if any of the following apply: Your child has hit their head or had a recent fall. This may mean they have a concussion or some other injury leading to pressure in their head that needs to be checked out. Your child has a stiff neck or fever. These may be signs of meningitis, which is inflammation of certain membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord. Your childs pain isnt responding to over-the-counter (OTC) pain relievers. Very severe or sudden-onset pain is worth taking your child to the emergency room or at least calling the pediatrician. Your child is lethargic or acting off. The same goes with a headache where your child is also acting unusual. Your child is vomiting without other signs of illness. Vomiting may be a sign of increased intracranial pressure. This can be caused by a number of things, like injury, arachnoid cysts, hydrocephalus, or tumors. Your childs headache woke them out of sleep. If the pain wakes your little one from their slumber, it may be pretty severe and out of the norm for standard headaches. Your child has a headache as soon as they wake up in the morning. This might also be a sign of increased intracranial pressure. Your childs pain gets worse when they lie down. Pressure or pain in the head when lying down is another possible sign of increased intracranial pressure. Your childs headaches happen more than twice a week. Frequent headaches or headaches that regularly interfere with play, school, or other aspects of life are also worth bringing up to your pediatrician.

• #83 Patient education: Headache in children (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/headache-in-children-beyond-the-basics/print

  If the headache occurs and persists after a head injury […] If the pain is severe or there are associated symptoms, such as new onset of vomiting with a headache, changes in vision not due to an aura, double vision, neck pain or stiffness, confusion, loss of balance or unsteadiness, and/or fever (temperature higher than 100.4°F/38°C) […] If the headache awakens the child or occurs upon waking on a near-daily basis […] If headaches occur more than once per month […] If the child or adolescent is missing school, home, or social activities on a regular basis […] If the child is younger than six years of age […] If the child has certain underlying medical conditions, such as sickle cell disease, immune deficiency, bleeding problems, neurofibromatosis, or tuberous sclerosis complex.

• #84 Headaches (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/headache.html

  Most migraines last from 30 minutes to several hours. Some can last as long as a couple of days. They can feel worse when someone is doing physical activity or is around light, smells, or loud sounds. Sometimes, just before a migraine happens, the person sees wavy lines or bright spots of light. This is called an aura. […] Headaches are common in kids and teens. Headaches (especially migraines) often run in families. So if a parent, grandparent, or other family member gets them, there’s a chance that a child may get them too. Some kids are more sensitive to headache triggers than other kids. […] When your child has a splitting headache, it’s easy to worry. But headaches rarely are a symptom of something serious. […] Call the doctor if your child’s headaches are happening a lot more than usual, don’t go away easily, are very painful, or happen mostly in the morning (when your child wakes up, especially if the headache wakes up your child).

• #85 Headaches (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/headache.html

  Also note whether other symptoms happen with the headaches. This can help the doctor find what might be causing them. Call the doctor if your child has a headache and seems less alert than usual, is vomiting, got the headache after a head injury or loss of consciousness, has seizures, visual changes, tingling sensations, weakness, clumsiness, skin rash, trouble walking or standing, trouble speaking, neck pain or stiffness, fever or other signs of infection, a change in personality, is drinking or peeing a lot, or can’t go to school or do everyday routines and activities.

• #86 Headaches vs. Migraines in Kids: How to Tell the Difference | Lurie Children’s

  https://www.luriechildrens.org/en/blog/headaches-and-migraines-in-kids/

  With migraines, the pain can be severe enough that your child won’t want to do things they typically enjoy. […] Both headaches and migraines cause pain. But the severity of pain is an important difference. […] Some children develop headaches with certain illnesses or infections. Your child may get a headache if they have a cold. […] Talk to a doctor if your child has more than two headaches a month. Headaches can become chronic, defined as 15 or more in a month. […] Most headaches in children are not due to underlying health conditions. But there are some symptoms you should tell your child’s healthcare provider about right away. Call your provider if your child has severe head pain that begins suddenly or if they have a headache with confusion or dizziness, difficulty standing, moving or walking, fever, nausea and vomiting, shortness of breath, stiff neck, weakness or loss of sensation. […] But remember, migraines are way more common than most people realize. If they’re starting to become frequent, don’t wait until they’re having headaches every day before you take them to the doctor.

• #87 Children and headaches: Red ­flags, triggers, and rescue treatments

  https://www.contemporarypediatrics.com/view/children-and-headaches-red-flags-triggers-and-rescue-treatments

  Whereas patients with episodic headache can often be treated with lifestyle changes and rescue medications alone, others with chronic headaches (15 days a month) and severe headaches will benefit from a preventive plan that aims to decrease both headache severity and frequency. […] Childhood headache can be dangerous, debilitating, or both. After excluding dangerous causes, it is important to provide the patient and caregiver with a plan for headache management that includes education on lifestyle management, rescue plan, and preventive measures.

• #88 Pediatric Headache: Practice Essentials, Background, Etiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2110861-overview

  Long-term prognostic studies of pediatric headache are scarce, but at 20-year follow-up, 73% of pediatric headache patients in their study continued to suffer from headache. […] Early diagnosis and prompt initiation of optimal treatments (abortive and preventative) may lead to better treatment outcomes and prognosis and less disability for children and adolescents with migraine.

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