Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Understanding Hairy Cell Leukemia — Hairy Cell Leukemia Foundation

  https://www.hairycellleukemia.org/hairy-cell-leukemia

  Hairy cell leukemia is usually gradual in onset. Patients present with fatigue, increased susceptibility to infection, and enlargement of the spleen. The malignant hairy cells in the bone marrow compromise the usual production of normal red cells, white blood cells, and platelets that are manufactured in the bone marrow. […] Patients with hairy cell leukemia often have a slow onset of symptoms and may not be diagnosed for several months or even years of illness. The symptoms of hairy cell leukemia can be divided into those related to the effects due to bone marrow involvement, effects due to other organ involvement, and secondary complications due to infections or autoimmunity. […] Hairy cell leukemia is thought to develop in the bone marrow and as the hairy cell leukemia progresses, the normal function of the bone marrow decreases. The normal function of the bone marrow is to produce white blood cells, red blood cells (that carry hemoglobin) and platelets. Decreased hemoglobin, which can cause anemia, can develop slowly and drop to very low levels. This can result in marked fatigue and weakness, shortness of breath, and/or dizziness. A decrease in the white blood cells (these cells make up the immune system) can lead to recurrent infections such as pneumonia, bronchitis, etc. The platelets can decrease to life-threatening levels, where severe spontaneous bleeding can occur. Patients may notice nosebleeds or gum bleeding, increased bruising, or even severe bleeding from their stomach. […] Even though hairy cell leukemia develops in the bone marrow, it commonly travels to other organs as well. A common finding in patients is an enlarged spleen two to three times normal size. This can cause pain on the left side where the spleen is located, early feeling of fullness in the stomach, and in some cases severe pain. The liver may also be involved, leading to pain on the right side, abnormalities of the liver function, or accumulation of fluid in the abdomen called ascites. Although uncommon, hairy cells can invade the bones and cause bone destruction with severe pain. Lymph nodes may be affected and enlargement can cause pain, whether in nodes in the neck or the abdomen. Rarely, there can be involvement in the brain causing headaches or abnormalities of brain function.

• #2 Hairy cell leukemia: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000592.htm

  Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is an unusual cancer of the blood. It affects B lymphocyte cells, a type of white blood cell. […] Symptoms of HCL may include any of the following: Easy bruising or bleeding, Heavy sweating (especially at night), Fatigue and weakness, Feeling full after eating only a small amount, Recurrent infections and fevers, Pain or fullness in the upper left belly (enlarged spleen), Swollen lymph glands, Weight loss. […] HCL usually leads to a low number of normal blood cells. […] The low blood counts caused by hairy cell leukemia can lead to: Infections, Fatigue, Excessive bleeding.

• #3 Hairy cell leukemia – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hairy-cell-leukemia/symptoms-causes/syc-20372956

  Hairy cell leukemia might not cause symptoms. Sometimes a health care provider finds it by accident during a blood test for another condition. […] When it causes symptoms, hairy cell leukemia might cause: A feeling of fullness in your belly that may make it uncomfortable to eat more than a little at a time, Fatigue, Easy bruising, Recurring infections, Weakness, Losing weight without trying. […] Hairy cell leukemia often gets worse slowly. Treatment might not need to start right away. When it’s needed, treatment is usually with chemotherapy. […] The B cells that don’t work right crowd out healthy blood cells in the bone marrow and other organs. This leads to the symptoms and complications of hairy cell leukemia. For example, the extra cells can cause swelling in the spleen, liver and lymph nodes. If there isn’t enough room for healthy blood cells, this can lead to frequent infections, easy bruising and feeling very tired.

• #4 Hairy cell leukaemia | Lymphoma Action

  https://lymphoma-action.org.uk/types-lymphoma/hairy-cell-leukaemia

  Some people have no symptoms when they are diagnosed with hairy cell leukaemia and it is found by chance when a blood test is done for another reason. […] Most people develop symptoms slowly, as the number of abnormal cells grows. […] It is common for these cells to build up in your bone marrow, where they take up the space needed for healthy blood cells to develop. This means your body might not be able to make enough blood cells and you might develop low blood counts, such as: anaemia (low red blood cells), which can make you feel tired, breathless or dizzy; thrombocytopenia (low platelets), which makes you more likely to bruise and bleed; neutropenia (low neutrophils a type of white blood cell), which might make you develop infections more easily than usual, and can make it difficult to get rid of them; monocytopenia (low monocytes another type of white blood cell), which can increase your risk of developing infections.

• #5 Hairy cell leukemia – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hairy-cell-leukemia/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20372962

  Enlarged spleen […] You might have pain or discomfort when you eat. […] In hairy cell leukemia, a CBC test may show all levels of these cells are too low. […] You might decide to start treatment if you start to get hairy cell leukemia symptoms. Most people with hairy cell leukemia will eventually need treatment. […] Treatment for hairy cell leukemia doesn’t always need to start right away. This cancer often gets worse very slowly over time. […] If you don’t have treatment, you’ll have regular appointments with your health care provider. You might have blood tests to see if hairy cell leukemia is getting worse. […] Chemotherapy is very effective for hairy cell leukemia. Most people get a complete or partial remission after chemotherapy. […] If your hairy cell leukemia comes back, your provider might recommend repeating chemotherapy with the same drug or trying a different drug. […] Targeted drug therapy is sometimes used as a first treatment for hairy cell leukemia. It can be used with chemotherapy. More often, targeted therapy is an option if the cancer comes back after chemotherapy.

• #6 Hairy cell leukemia – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hairy_cell_leukemia

  In HCL, the „hairy cells” (malignant B lymphocytes) accumulate in the bone marrow, interfering with the production of normal white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets. Consequently, patients may develop infections related to low white blood cell count, anemia and fatigue due to a lack of red blood cells, or easy bleeding due to a low platelet count. […] Those with HCL rarely have constitutional symptoms such as fevers, chills, weight loss or rigors. 20-30% may have opportunistic infections due to an impairment in immune function. Rarely, in recurrent disease, bone lesions may be present which can be confused for other malignancies such as multiple myeloma. […] Pancytopenia in HCL is caused primarily by marrow failure and splenomegaly. Bone-marrow failure is caused by the accumulation of hairy cells and reticulin fibrosis in the bone marrow, as well as by the detrimental effects of dysregulated cytokine production. Splenomegaly reduces blood counts through sequestration, marginalization, and destruction of healthy blood cells inside the spleen.

• #7 Hairy cell leukaemia – Leukaemia Foundation

  https://www.leukaemia.org.au/blood-cancer/types-of-blood-cancer/leukaemia/hairy-cell-leukaemia/

  Hairy cell leukaemia (HCL) is a rare type of chronic leukaemia of the lymphoid system, in which abnormal B-lymphocytes accumulate in the bone marrow, liver and spleen. […] Because HCL develops slowly many people don’t have any symptoms, particularly in the early stages. The disease is usually picked up during a routine blood test. Other people may go to see their GP because they have some troubling symptoms of their disease. Symptoms arise from the increasing number of abnormal blood cells in the bone marrow and blood, and the decreasing number of normal blood cells. Possible symptoms may include: anaemia, due to a lack of red cells causing persistent tiredness, dizziness, paleness, or shortness of breath when physically active; frequent or repeated infections and slow healing, due to a lack of normal white blood cells; pain or discomfort under the ribs on the left side, due to an enlarged spleen; painless swelling of the lymph nodes (glands) in your neck, under your arms or in your groin. This is usually a result of lymphocytes accumulating in these tissues.

• #8 https://www.lls.org/leukemia/hairy-cell-leukemia

  https://www.lls.org/leukemia/hairy-cell-leukemia

  Hairy cell leukemia gets its name from the short, thin projections that look like hair on its cells. […] Many people with hairy cell leukemia live good-quality lives for years with medical care. […] Hairy cells tend to accumulate in the bone marrow, liver and spleen. Even though hairy cell leukemia affects the white cells, the lymph nodes usually don’t enlarge. […] Hairy cells multiply uncontrollably and crowd out normal white cells, red cells and platelets. […] As a result, the number of healthy blood cells (red cells, white cells and platelets) is usually lower than normal. […] Anemia is a condition when there is a low number of red cells in the blood which can cause fatigue and shortness of breath. […] Neutropenia is a condition when there is a low number of white cells, so the immune system can’t effectively guard against infection due to a lack of neutrophils (a type of white cell). […] Thrombocytopenia is a condition when there is a low number of platelets which can cause bleeding and easy bruising with no apparent cause. […] Low numbers of all three blood cell counts is called pancytopenia.

• #9 Hairy Cell Leukemia: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/23177-hairy-cell-leukemia

  Hairy cell leukemia may cause symptoms like extreme tiredness, infections and pain below your ribs. […] Hairy cell leukemia may not cause symptoms. But when it does, symptoms may include: […] Fatigue: This can happen if you have anemia (low red blood cell levels). […] Fever and frequent infections: You can develop serious infections that cause fevers because you dont have enough infection-fighting white blood cells. […] Pain in your lower left side: Abnormal cells in your spleen may make your spleen swell so theres pain on your left side. […] Pain in your lower right side: Your liver may get larger and cause pain on your right side. […] Shortness of breath: This is another anemia symptom from low red blood cell levels. […] Swollen lymph nodes: These are painless lumps in your neck, underarms and stomach.

• #10 Hairy cell leukaemia | Lymphoma Action

  https://lymphoma-action.org.uk/types-lymphoma/hairy-cell-leukaemia

  Some people have no symptoms when they are diagnosed with hairy cell leukaemia and it is found by chance when a blood test is done for another reason. […] Most people develop symptoms slowly, as the number of abnormal cells grows. […] It is common for these cells to build up in your bone marrow, where they take up the space needed for healthy blood cells to develop. This means your body might not be able to make enough blood cells and you might develop low blood counts, such as: anaemia (low red blood cells), which can make you feel tired, breathless or dizzy; thrombocytopenia (low platelets), which makes you more likely to bruise and bleed; neutropenia (low neutrophils a type of white blood cell), which might make you develop infections more easily than usual, and can make it difficult to get rid of them; monocytopenia (low monocytes another type of white blood cell), which can increase your risk of developing infections.

• #11 Hairy Cell Leukemia: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/23177-hairy-cell-leukemia

  Unusual bruising or bleeding: Hairy cell leukemia keeps your bone marrow from making enough platelets, which helps slow or stop bleeding. […] This condition increases your risk of infections because you have very low levels of infection-fighting white blood cells. These include bacterial infections, viral infections or fungal infections that may be life-threatening. […] Theres no cure for hairy cell leukemia. Research shows treatment, including chemotherapy, can put this condition into remission for 10 years or more. Remission means you dont have symptoms anymore and tests dont find any signs of the condition. […] That said, hairy cell leukemia can come back after several years of initial treatment. But there are treatments to put the disease back into remission.

• #12 Hairy cell leukemia – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hairy-cell-leukemia/symptoms-causes/syc-20372956

  Hairy cell leukemia often gets worse very slowly. Sometimes it stays stable for many years. For this reason, few complications of the disease occur. […] If there are too many leukemia cells in the body, they can crowd out the healthy blood cells. That can lead to: Infections. Your body needs healthy white blood cells to fight off germs. If your body can’t make enough healthy white blood cells, you might get more infections. Bleeding. Your body needs healthy platelet cells to control bleeding. If the number of platelets in your blood is low, you might notice that you bruise more easily. You might also have bleeding from the nose or gums. Anemia. Your body needs healthy red blood cells to carry oxygen through your body. Having too few red blood cells is called anemia. Anemia can make you feel very tired.

• #13 https://www.lls.org/leukemia/hairy-cell-leukemia

  https://www.lls.org/leukemia/hairy-cell-leukemia

  Hairy cell leukemia gets its name from the short, thin projections that look like hair on its cells. […] Many people with hairy cell leukemia live good-quality lives for years with medical care. […] Hairy cells tend to accumulate in the bone marrow, liver and spleen. Even though hairy cell leukemia affects the white cells, the lymph nodes usually don’t enlarge. […] Hairy cells multiply uncontrollably and crowd out normal white cells, red cells and platelets. […] As a result, the number of healthy blood cells (red cells, white cells and platelets) is usually lower than normal. […] Anemia is a condition when there is a low number of red cells in the blood which can cause fatigue and shortness of breath. […] Neutropenia is a condition when there is a low number of white cells, so the immune system can’t effectively guard against infection due to a lack of neutrophils (a type of white cell). […] Thrombocytopenia is a condition when there is a low number of platelets which can cause bleeding and easy bruising with no apparent cause. […] Low numbers of all three blood cell counts is called pancytopenia.

• #14 Hairy cell leukaemia | Lymphoma Action

  https://lymphoma-action.org.uk/types-lymphoma/hairy-cell-leukaemia

  Some people have no symptoms when they are diagnosed with hairy cell leukaemia and it is found by chance when a blood test is done for another reason. […] Most people develop symptoms slowly, as the number of abnormal cells grows. […] It is common for these cells to build up in your bone marrow, where they take up the space needed for healthy blood cells to develop. This means your body might not be able to make enough blood cells and you might develop low blood counts, such as: anaemia (low red blood cells), which can make you feel tired, breathless or dizzy; thrombocytopenia (low platelets), which makes you more likely to bruise and bleed; neutropenia (low neutrophils a type of white blood cell), which might make you develop infections more easily than usual, and can make it difficult to get rid of them; monocytopenia (low monocytes another type of white blood cell), which can increase your risk of developing infections.

• #15 Hairy Cell Leukemia Treatment (PDQ®) – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/types/leukemia/hp/hairy-cell-treatment-pdq

  Hairy cell leukemia usually presents with: […] Splenomegaly. […] Varying degrees of leukopenia (occasionally leukocytosis). […] Pancytopenia. […] Monocytopenia. […] Bone marrow infiltration by atypical cells with prominent cytoplasmic projections (i.e., hairy cells). […] Lymphadenopathy is absent, except with multiply recurrent progressive disease. […] The decision to treat is based on signs of disease progression, including any of the following factors: […] Cytopenias (especially if symptomatic). […] Increasing splenomegaly. […] The presence of other, usually infectious, complications. […] If the patient is asymptomatic and if blood counts are maintained in an acceptable range, therapy may not be needed.

• #16 Hairy cell leukemia – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hairy_cell_leukemia

  In HCL, the „hairy cells” (malignant B lymphocytes) accumulate in the bone marrow, interfering with the production of normal white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets. Consequently, patients may develop infections related to low white blood cell count, anemia and fatigue due to a lack of red blood cells, or easy bleeding due to a low platelet count. […] Those with HCL rarely have constitutional symptoms such as fevers, chills, weight loss or rigors. 20-30% may have opportunistic infections due to an impairment in immune function. Rarely, in recurrent disease, bone lesions may be present which can be confused for other malignancies such as multiple myeloma. […] Pancytopenia in HCL is caused primarily by marrow failure and splenomegaly. Bone-marrow failure is caused by the accumulation of hairy cells and reticulin fibrosis in the bone marrow, as well as by the detrimental effects of dysregulated cytokine production. Splenomegaly reduces blood counts through sequestration, marginalization, and destruction of healthy blood cells inside the spleen.

• #17 https://www.lls.org/leukemia/hairy-cell-leukemia

  https://www.lls.org/leukemia/hairy-cell-leukemia

  Hairy cell leukemia gets its name from the short, thin projections that look like hair on its cells. […] Many people with hairy cell leukemia live good-quality lives for years with medical care. […] Hairy cells tend to accumulate in the bone marrow, liver and spleen. Even though hairy cell leukemia affects the white cells, the lymph nodes usually don’t enlarge. […] Hairy cells multiply uncontrollably and crowd out normal white cells, red cells and platelets. […] As a result, the number of healthy blood cells (red cells, white cells and platelets) is usually lower than normal. […] Anemia is a condition when there is a low number of red cells in the blood which can cause fatigue and shortness of breath. […] Neutropenia is a condition when there is a low number of white cells, so the immune system can’t effectively guard against infection due to a lack of neutrophils (a type of white cell). […] Thrombocytopenia is a condition when there is a low number of platelets which can cause bleeding and easy bruising with no apparent cause. […] Low numbers of all three blood cell counts is called pancytopenia.

• #18 Hairy Cell Leukemia: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment Options – The Kingsley Clinic

  https://thekingsleyclinic.com/resources/hairy-cell-leukemia-symptoms-diagnosis-and-treatment-options/

  Fatigue is one of the most common symptoms of hairy cell leukemia, affecting around 80-90% of patients. […] Splenomegaly, or an enlarged spleen, occurs in about 80-90% of patients with HCL. […] Recurrent infections are common in HCL, affecting around 50-60% of patients. […] Easy bruising is a symptom experienced by 40-50% of patients with HCL. […] Unintentional weight loss is reported in 30-40% of patients with HCL. […] Night sweats affect around 30-40% of patients with HCL. […] Anemia, or a low red blood cell count, is present in 60-80% of patients with HCL. […] Lymphadenopathy, or swollen lymph nodes, occurs in about 10-20% of patients with HCL. […] Abdominal pain is reported in 40-50% of patients with HCL and is often related to splenomegaly. […] Fever is a symptom experienced by 30-40% of patients with HCL.

• #19 Understanding Hairy Cell Leukemia — Hairy Cell Leukemia Foundation

  https://www.hairycellleukemia.org/hairy-cell-leukemia

  Hairy cell leukemia is usually gradual in onset. Patients present with fatigue, increased susceptibility to infection, and enlargement of the spleen. The malignant hairy cells in the bone marrow compromise the usual production of normal red cells, white blood cells, and platelets that are manufactured in the bone marrow. […] Patients with hairy cell leukemia often have a slow onset of symptoms and may not be diagnosed for several months or even years of illness. The symptoms of hairy cell leukemia can be divided into those related to the effects due to bone marrow involvement, effects due to other organ involvement, and secondary complications due to infections or autoimmunity. […] Hairy cell leukemia is thought to develop in the bone marrow and as the hairy cell leukemia progresses, the normal function of the bone marrow decreases. The normal function of the bone marrow is to produce white blood cells, red blood cells (that carry hemoglobin) and platelets. Decreased hemoglobin, which can cause anemia, can develop slowly and drop to very low levels. This can result in marked fatigue and weakness, shortness of breath, and/or dizziness. A decrease in the white blood cells (these cells make up the immune system) can lead to recurrent infections such as pneumonia, bronchitis, etc. The platelets can decrease to life-threatening levels, where severe spontaneous bleeding can occur. Patients may notice nosebleeds or gum bleeding, increased bruising, or even severe bleeding from their stomach. […] Even though hairy cell leukemia develops in the bone marrow, it commonly travels to other organs as well. A common finding in patients is an enlarged spleen two to three times normal size. This can cause pain on the left side where the spleen is located, early feeling of fullness in the stomach, and in some cases severe pain. The liver may also be involved, leading to pain on the right side, abnormalities of the liver function, or accumulation of fluid in the abdomen called ascites. Although uncommon, hairy cells can invade the bones and cause bone destruction with severe pain. Lymph nodes may be affected and enlargement can cause pain, whether in nodes in the neck or the abdomen. Rarely, there can be involvement in the brain causing headaches or abnormalities of brain function.

• #20 Hairy Cell Leukemia: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/23177-hairy-cell-leukemia

  Hairy cell leukemia may cause symptoms like extreme tiredness, infections and pain below your ribs. […] Hairy cell leukemia may not cause symptoms. But when it does, symptoms may include: […] Fatigue: This can happen if you have anemia (low red blood cell levels). […] Fever and frequent infections: You can develop serious infections that cause fevers because you dont have enough infection-fighting white blood cells. […] Pain in your lower left side: Abnormal cells in your spleen may make your spleen swell so theres pain on your left side. […] Pain in your lower right side: Your liver may get larger and cause pain on your right side. […] Shortness of breath: This is another anemia symptom from low red blood cell levels. […] Swollen lymph nodes: These are painless lumps in your neck, underarms and stomach.

• #21 Hairy cell leukemia: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000592.htm

  Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is an unusual cancer of the blood. It affects B lymphocyte cells, a type of white blood cell. […] Symptoms of HCL may include any of the following: Easy bruising or bleeding, Heavy sweating (especially at night), Fatigue and weakness, Feeling full after eating only a small amount, Recurrent infections and fevers, Pain or fullness in the upper left belly (enlarged spleen), Swollen lymph glands, Weight loss. […] HCL usually leads to a low number of normal blood cells. […] The low blood counts caused by hairy cell leukemia can lead to: Infections, Fatigue, Excessive bleeding.

• #22 About Hairy Cell Leukemia (HCL) | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center

  https://www.mskcc.org/cancer-care/types/leukemias/types/about-hairy-cell-leukemia-hcl

  Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is a rare chronic leukemia in adults. Around 1,000 people in the United States develop HCL each year, according to the World Health Organization. The average age at diagnosis is 52. HCL is more common in men than in women. There is no clear evidence that HCL runs in families or is caused by specific environmental factors. […] Some people with HCL do not have any symptoms. For them, HCL is typically diagnosed during an evaluation for a low blood count. Among those who do have symptoms, the most common causes are an enlarged spleen and a low blood count. […] An enlarged spleen doesnt always cause symptoms. However, when it does, they may include pain on the left side of the abdomen that can spread to the left shoulder or a feeling of being full for no reason (for example, after eating only a few bites of a meal). […] Common signs of a low blood count (a shortage of normal blood cells) can include the following: fevers, frequent infections, fatigue, loss of appetite, easy bruising or bleeding.

• #23 Hairy Cell Leukemia > Fact Sheets > Yale Medicine

  https://www.yalemedicine.org/conditions/hairy-cell-leukemia

  Symptoms include easy bruising, night sweats, feeling tired or weak, frequent infections […] People who have hairy cell leukemia may: Bruise easily, Experience night sweats, Feel fatigued or weak, Feel full after eating small servings of food, Have pain or discomfort in the upper-left abdomen, Become ill often with a fever and infection, Lose weight unintentionally, Experience swollen lymph nodes, Have bone pain.

• #24 Hairy cell leukemia: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000592.htm

  Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is an unusual cancer of the blood. It affects B lymphocyte cells, a type of white blood cell. […] Symptoms of HCL may include any of the following: Easy bruising or bleeding, Heavy sweating (especially at night), Fatigue and weakness, Feeling full after eating only a small amount, Recurrent infections and fevers, Pain or fullness in the upper left belly (enlarged spleen), Swollen lymph glands, Weight loss. […] HCL usually leads to a low number of normal blood cells. […] The low blood counts caused by hairy cell leukemia can lead to: Infections, Fatigue, Excessive bleeding.

• #25 Understanding Hairy Cell Leukemia — Hairy Cell Leukemia Foundation

  https://www.hairycellleukemia.org/hairy-cell-leukemia

  Hairy cell leukemia is usually gradual in onset. Patients present with fatigue, increased susceptibility to infection, and enlargement of the spleen. The malignant hairy cells in the bone marrow compromise the usual production of normal red cells, white blood cells, and platelets that are manufactured in the bone marrow. […] Patients with hairy cell leukemia often have a slow onset of symptoms and may not be diagnosed for several months or even years of illness. The symptoms of hairy cell leukemia can be divided into those related to the effects due to bone marrow involvement, effects due to other organ involvement, and secondary complications due to infections or autoimmunity. […] Hairy cell leukemia is thought to develop in the bone marrow and as the hairy cell leukemia progresses, the normal function of the bone marrow decreases. The normal function of the bone marrow is to produce white blood cells, red blood cells (that carry hemoglobin) and platelets. Decreased hemoglobin, which can cause anemia, can develop slowly and drop to very low levels. This can result in marked fatigue and weakness, shortness of breath, and/or dizziness. A decrease in the white blood cells (these cells make up the immune system) can lead to recurrent infections such as pneumonia, bronchitis, etc. The platelets can decrease to life-threatening levels, where severe spontaneous bleeding can occur. Patients may notice nosebleeds or gum bleeding, increased bruising, or even severe bleeding from their stomach. […] Even though hairy cell leukemia develops in the bone marrow, it commonly travels to other organs as well. A common finding in patients is an enlarged spleen two to three times normal size. This can cause pain on the left side where the spleen is located, early feeling of fullness in the stomach, and in some cases severe pain. The liver may also be involved, leading to pain on the right side, abnormalities of the liver function, or accumulation of fluid in the abdomen called ascites. Although uncommon, hairy cells can invade the bones and cause bone destruction with severe pain. Lymph nodes may be affected and enlargement can cause pain, whether in nodes in the neck or the abdomen. Rarely, there can be involvement in the brain causing headaches or abnormalities of brain function.

• #26 Hairy Cell Leukemia > Fact Sheets > Yale Medicine

  https://www.yalemedicine.org/conditions/hairy-cell-leukemia

  Symptoms include easy bruising, night sweats, feeling tired or weak, frequent infections […] People who have hairy cell leukemia may: Bruise easily, Experience night sweats, Feel fatigued or weak, Feel full after eating small servings of food, Have pain or discomfort in the upper-left abdomen, Become ill often with a fever and infection, Lose weight unintentionally, Experience swollen lymph nodes, Have bone pain.

• #27 What Is Hairy Cell Leukemia? Treatment, Symptoms, and Causes

  https://www.everydayhealth.com/hairy-cell-leukemia/

  Hairy cell leukemia can also impact organs that filter blood, notably the spleen. Hairy cells can accumulate inside the spleen, causing it to swell and become overactive. These changes can lead to all kinds of symptoms. Unfortunately, many overlap with signs of more common, less worrisome medical conditions, leading to a delay in diagnosis. […] Symptoms of hairy cell leukemia include: Fever without an obvious cause or a persistent, low-grade fever, Chills, Frequent infections, Discomfort, pain, or a dragging feeling in the upper left side of your abdomen, below the ribs (caused by an enlarged spleen), Unexplained weight loss, Black-and-blue marks (bruises) that appear on the skin for no clear reason, Pale skin, Tiredness or lack of energy, Shortness of breath during normal physical activity.

• #28 Hairy Cell Leukemia Treatment – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/types/leukemia/patient/hairy-cell-treatment-pdq

  Signs and symptoms of hairy cell leukemia include infections, tiredness, and pain below the ribs. […] These and other signs and symptoms may be caused by hairy cell leukemia or by other conditions. Check with your doctor if you have: […] Weakness or fatigue (feeling tired). […] Frequent infections. […] Easy bruising or bleeding. […] Shortness of breath. […] Pain or a feeling of fullness below the ribs. […] Painless lumps in the neck, underarm, stomach, or groin. […] In hairy cell leukemia, too many blood stem cells become lymphocytes. These lymphocytes are abnormal and do not become healthy white blood cells. The abnormal lymphocytes are also called leukemia cells. The leukemia cells can build up in the blood and bone marrow so there is less room for healthy white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets. This may cause infection, anemia, and easy bleeding. Some of the leukemia cells may collect in the spleen and cause it to swell. […] The prognosis depends on: […] Whether the hairy cell leukemia does not grow or grows so slowly it does not need treatment. […] Whether the hairy cell leukemia responds to treatment.

• #29 Hairy Cell Leukemia Symptoms & Treatment | Baptist Health

  https://www.baptisthealth.com/care-services/conditions-treatments/hairy-cell-leukemia

  The signs and symptoms of hairy cell leukemia can be subtle and sometimes seem like symptoms for another condition. These symptoms may include: Pain or fullness below the ribs on the left side […] Feeling run-down or tired […] Easy bruising and bleeding […] Recurring infections […] Unexplained weight loss […] Weakness […] Shortness of breath […] Excessive sweating, often at night […] Swollen lymph nodes […] Small red spots on the skin […] An enlarged liver or spleen. […] While hairy cell leukemia is a rare condition, it is one of the most successfully treated cancers. Regular follow-up is important. […] Not all people require treatments immediately after diagnosis. The goal of treatment of hairy cell leukemia is to treat symptoms and eliminate as many of the mutated blood cells that cause cancer cells, and replace them with healthy cells. It is generally not possible to eliminate all of those cells, but treatment can result in long-term remission of the disease. Remission is when the cancer is less active or there are no signs of cancer.

• #30 Hairy cell leukemia – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hairy-cell-leukemia/symptoms-causes/syc-20372956

  Hairy cell leukemia might not cause symptoms. Sometimes a health care provider finds it by accident during a blood test for another condition. […] When it causes symptoms, hairy cell leukemia might cause: A feeling of fullness in your belly that may make it uncomfortable to eat more than a little at a time, Fatigue, Easy bruising, Recurring infections, Weakness, Losing weight without trying. […] Hairy cell leukemia often gets worse slowly. Treatment might not need to start right away. When it’s needed, treatment is usually with chemotherapy. […] The B cells that don’t work right crowd out healthy blood cells in the bone marrow and other organs. This leads to the symptoms and complications of hairy cell leukemia. For example, the extra cells can cause swelling in the spleen, liver and lymph nodes. If there isn’t enough room for healthy blood cells, this can lead to frequent infections, easy bruising and feeling very tired.

• #31 Hairy cell leukemia: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000592.htm

  Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is an unusual cancer of the blood. It affects B lymphocyte cells, a type of white blood cell. […] Symptoms of HCL may include any of the following: Easy bruising or bleeding, Heavy sweating (especially at night), Fatigue and weakness, Feeling full after eating only a small amount, Recurrent infections and fevers, Pain or fullness in the upper left belly (enlarged spleen), Swollen lymph glands, Weight loss. […] HCL usually leads to a low number of normal blood cells. […] The low blood counts caused by hairy cell leukemia can lead to: Infections, Fatigue, Excessive bleeding.

• #32 Hairy cell leukaemia | Lymphoma Action

  https://lymphoma-action.org.uk/types-lymphoma/hairy-cell-leukaemia

  It is also quite common for abnormal cells to build up in your spleen (an organ of your immune system). This can make your spleen swell, which can cause pain, discomfort, or a feeling of fullness in your tummy (abdomen). Your liver might also swell, which can cause bloating. […] You might feel generally unwell, with symptoms like fatigue (extreme tiredness), weight loss, fevers and night sweats. […] Rarely, people with hairy cell leukaemia develop swollen lymph nodes without having abnormal cells in their blood, spleen or bone marrow. This can look very similar to some types of low-grade (slow-growing or indolent) non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Very rarely, it can affect the bones as well as the bone marrow.

• #33 Hairy cell leukemia: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000592.htm

  Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is an unusual cancer of the blood. It affects B lymphocyte cells, a type of white blood cell. […] Symptoms of HCL may include any of the following: Easy bruising or bleeding, Heavy sweating (especially at night), Fatigue and weakness, Feeling full after eating only a small amount, Recurrent infections and fevers, Pain or fullness in the upper left belly (enlarged spleen), Swollen lymph glands, Weight loss. […] HCL usually leads to a low number of normal blood cells. […] The low blood counts caused by hairy cell leukemia can lead to: Infections, Fatigue, Excessive bleeding.

• #34 Hairy Cell Leukemia: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/23177-hairy-cell-leukemia

  Hairy cell leukemia may cause symptoms like extreme tiredness, infections and pain below your ribs. […] Hairy cell leukemia may not cause symptoms. But when it does, symptoms may include: […] Fatigue: This can happen if you have anemia (low red blood cell levels). […] Fever and frequent infections: You can develop serious infections that cause fevers because you dont have enough infection-fighting white blood cells. […] Pain in your lower left side: Abnormal cells in your spleen may make your spleen swell so theres pain on your left side. […] Pain in your lower right side: Your liver may get larger and cause pain on your right side. […] Shortness of breath: This is another anemia symptom from low red blood cell levels. […] Swollen lymph nodes: These are painless lumps in your neck, underarms and stomach.

• #35 Understanding Hairy Cell Leukemia — Hairy Cell Leukemia Foundation

  https://www.hairycellleukemia.org/hairy-cell-leukemia

  Patients with hairy cell leukemia have disturbed immune systems due to changes in their blood cells. Infections due to fungus and viruses can affect the skin, lungs, liver, or brain. Symptoms from these can include fever, cough, rashes, headaches or confusion. Autoimmune disease may be seen in up to one-third of patients and usually causes inflammation of blood vessels or joints. Patients may have increased joint pain and swelling, unusual skin rashes, fever and/or weight loss. This can occur at the beginning or any time after diagnosis.

• #36 Hairy Cell Leukemia: Symptoms and Causes | MyLeukemiaTeam

  https://www.myleukemiateam.com/resources/hairy-cell-leukemia-symptoms-and-causes

  Hairy cell leukemia is a rare type of chronic leukemia that affects bone marrow and the spleen. […] Symptoms of hairy cell leukemia can be subtle and similar to those of other conditions. […] Some symptoms of hairy cell leukemia are: Feeling weak or tired (sometimes called general malaise), Getting sick more often and more easily, Feeling full (due to enlarged spleen), Experiencing recurrent fevers, Frequent infections, Bruising or bleeding easily, Losing weight for no reason, Feeling pain in the left side of the stomach, Lumps in the armpit, groin, neck, or stomach that are not painful, Swelling in the lymph nodes. […] HCL symptoms usually come on slowly and gradually. […] People with HCL have compromised immune systems as a result of changes in their blood cells. This can make them more susceptible to infection specifically, fungal infections and viruses that affect the liver, brain, lungs, and skin.

• #37 Rare Clinical Symptoms in Hairy Cell Leukemia: An Overview

  https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/16/17/3054

  Diagnosis of hairy cell leukemia is based on the presence of hairy cells in bone marrow and peripheral blood as well as the characteristic immunophenotype. Moreover, in classic HCL, most patients present with a BRAF V600E mutation. The typical symptoms of classic hairy cell leukemia include pancytopenia, massive splenomegaly and increased risk of infection. However, rarer manifestations of HCL are occasionally reported, including cutaneous symptoms, bone infiltration, arthritis and central nervous system symptoms, as well as gastrointestinal tracts, heart, lungs, ocular involvement and other symptoms. […] The majority of patients with HCL are asymptomatic at diagnosis and the disease is usually found incidentally during routine blood cell counts. The typical clinical presentation of classic HCL involves pancytopenia, monocytopenia, splenomegaly, constitutional symptoms and increased risk of infection.

• #38 Rare Clinical Symptoms in Hairy Cell Leukemia: An Overview

  https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/16/17/3054

  Extramedullary and extranodal manifestations of classic HCL are rare. However, leukemic involvement in the skin, bone, central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, heart, kidney, liver, lung, ocular system and other organs have been reported. […] Cutaneous manifestations of HCL have been reported in about 10–12% of patients. Skin symptoms may be specific to HCL or mostly non-specific, due to autoimmune reactions, infections and secondary neoplastic or drug-induced reasons. […] The most common orthopedic complications in HCL are due to osteolytic and osteoblastic lesions, severe osteoporosis, aseptic necrosis of the femoral head and multifocal lytic changes. […] Pulmonary involvement by HCL cells is a very rare condition, with only a few cases with leukemic lung infiltration being apparent in the literature.

• #39 Understanding Hairy Cell Leukemia — Hairy Cell Leukemia Foundation

  https://www.hairycellleukemia.org/hairy-cell-leukemia

  Hairy cell leukemia is usually gradual in onset. Patients present with fatigue, increased susceptibility to infection, and enlargement of the spleen. The malignant hairy cells in the bone marrow compromise the usual production of normal red cells, white blood cells, and platelets that are manufactured in the bone marrow. […] Patients with hairy cell leukemia often have a slow onset of symptoms and may not be diagnosed for several months or even years of illness. The symptoms of hairy cell leukemia can be divided into those related to the effects due to bone marrow involvement, effects due to other organ involvement, and secondary complications due to infections or autoimmunity. […] Hairy cell leukemia is thought to develop in the bone marrow and as the hairy cell leukemia progresses, the normal function of the bone marrow decreases. The normal function of the bone marrow is to produce white blood cells, red blood cells (that carry hemoglobin) and platelets. Decreased hemoglobin, which can cause anemia, can develop slowly and drop to very low levels. This can result in marked fatigue and weakness, shortness of breath, and/or dizziness. A decrease in the white blood cells (these cells make up the immune system) can lead to recurrent infections such as pneumonia, bronchitis, etc. The platelets can decrease to life-threatening levels, where severe spontaneous bleeding can occur. Patients may notice nosebleeds or gum bleeding, increased bruising, or even severe bleeding from their stomach. […] Even though hairy cell leukemia develops in the bone marrow, it commonly travels to other organs as well. A common finding in patients is an enlarged spleen two to three times normal size. This can cause pain on the left side where the spleen is located, early feeling of fullness in the stomach, and in some cases severe pain. The liver may also be involved, leading to pain on the right side, abnormalities of the liver function, or accumulation of fluid in the abdomen called ascites. Although uncommon, hairy cells can invade the bones and cause bone destruction with severe pain. Lymph nodes may be affected and enlargement can cause pain, whether in nodes in the neck or the abdomen. Rarely, there can be involvement in the brain causing headaches or abnormalities of brain function.

• #40

  https://step2.medbullets.com/oncology/120475/hairy-cell-leukemia-hcl

  A 53-year-old man presents to urgent care with a sinus infection. Its his third infection of the month. He has been feeling very fatigued lately, but attributed that to his multiple infections. Blood-work is obtained, showing leukopenia, along with anemia and thrombocytopenia. Physical exam reveals marked splenomegaly. A peripheral blood smear shows cells with hairy cytoplasmic projections. It stains with TRAP. […] Symptoms […] pancytopenia from infiltration of bone marrow […] fatigue […] infections […] bleeding […] anemia. […] Physical exam […] splenomegaly from infiltration of spleen […] may see hepatomegaly […] may see lymphadenopathy in 10%. […] Disease progression is slow.

• #41 Hairy Cell Leukemia Treatment – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/types/leukemia/patient/hairy-cell-treatment-pdq

  Signs and symptoms of hairy cell leukemia include infections, tiredness, and pain below the ribs. […] These and other signs and symptoms may be caused by hairy cell leukemia or by other conditions. Check with your doctor if you have: […] Weakness or fatigue (feeling tired). […] Frequent infections. […] Easy bruising or bleeding. […] Shortness of breath. […] Pain or a feeling of fullness below the ribs. […] Painless lumps in the neck, underarm, stomach, or groin. […] In hairy cell leukemia, too many blood stem cells become lymphocytes. These lymphocytes are abnormal and do not become healthy white blood cells. The abnormal lymphocytes are also called leukemia cells. The leukemia cells can build up in the blood and bone marrow so there is less room for healthy white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets. This may cause infection, anemia, and easy bleeding. Some of the leukemia cells may collect in the spleen and cause it to swell. […] The prognosis depends on: […] Whether the hairy cell leukemia does not grow or grows so slowly it does not need treatment. […] Whether the hairy cell leukemia responds to treatment.

• #42 Hairy Cell Leukemia: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment Options – The Kingsley Clinic

  https://thekingsleyclinic.com/resources/hairy-cell-leukemia-symptoms-diagnosis-and-treatment-options/

  Fatigue is one of the most common symptoms of hairy cell leukemia, affecting around 80-90% of patients. […] Splenomegaly, or an enlarged spleen, occurs in about 80-90% of patients with HCL. […] Recurrent infections are common in HCL, affecting around 50-60% of patients. […] Easy bruising is a symptom experienced by 40-50% of patients with HCL. […] Unintentional weight loss is reported in 30-40% of patients with HCL. […] Night sweats affect around 30-40% of patients with HCL. […] Anemia, or a low red blood cell count, is present in 60-80% of patients with HCL. […] Lymphadenopathy, or swollen lymph nodes, occurs in about 10-20% of patients with HCL. […] Abdominal pain is reported in 40-50% of patients with HCL and is often related to splenomegaly. […] Fever is a symptom experienced by 30-40% of patients with HCL.

• #43 Rare Clinical Symptoms in Hairy Cell Leukemia: An Overview

  https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/16/17/3054

  Extramedullary and extranodal manifestations of classic HCL are rare. However, leukemic involvement in the skin, bone, central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, heart, kidney, liver, lung, ocular system and other organs have been reported. […] Cutaneous manifestations of HCL have been reported in about 10–12% of patients. Skin symptoms may be specific to HCL or mostly non-specific, due to autoimmune reactions, infections and secondary neoplastic or drug-induced reasons. […] The most common orthopedic complications in HCL are due to osteolytic and osteoblastic lesions, severe osteoporosis, aseptic necrosis of the femoral head and multifocal lytic changes. […] Pulmonary involvement by HCL cells is a very rare condition, with only a few cases with leukemic lung infiltration being apparent in the literature.

• #44 Rare Clinical Symptoms in Hairy Cell Leukemia: An Overview

  https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/16/17/3054

  Extramedullary and extranodal manifestations of classic HCL are rare. However, leukemic involvement in the skin, bone, central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, heart, kidney, liver, lung, ocular system and other organs have been reported. […] Cutaneous manifestations of HCL have been reported in about 10–12% of patients. Skin symptoms may be specific to HCL or mostly non-specific, due to autoimmune reactions, infections and secondary neoplastic or drug-induced reasons. […] The most common orthopedic complications in HCL are due to osteolytic and osteoblastic lesions, severe osteoporosis, aseptic necrosis of the femoral head and multifocal lytic changes. […] Pulmonary involvement by HCL cells is a very rare condition, with only a few cases with leukemic lung infiltration being apparent in the literature.

• #45 Rare Clinical Symptoms in Hairy Cell Leukemia: An Overview

  https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/16/17/3054

  Neurological complications were reported in approximately 5% of HCL patients, with the most common cause being infection. However, the direct invasion of leukemic cells to the central nervous system (CNS) is rare in HCL. […] Ocular involvement of HCL is extremely rare and only 12 cases have been reported so far. […] Hepatomegaly can be seen in up to 30% of HCL patients. However, liver and gastrointestinal tract involvement has only rarely been reported in HCL patients. […] Progressive pericarditis and pleuritis in HCL patients at diagnosis was reported recently. The symptoms completely resolved after treatment with purine analogs, with no recurrence observed during a five-year observation. […] Rheumatological symptoms related either to hematological malignancy or disease-related immune dysregulation have rarely been reported in HCL patients.

• #46 Rare Clinical Symptoms in Hairy Cell Leukemia: An Overview

  https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/16/17/3054

  Neurological complications were reported in approximately 5% of HCL patients, with the most common cause being infection. However, the direct invasion of leukemic cells to the central nervous system (CNS) is rare in HCL. […] Ocular involvement of HCL is extremely rare and only 12 cases have been reported so far. […] Hepatomegaly can be seen in up to 30% of HCL patients. However, liver and gastrointestinal tract involvement has only rarely been reported in HCL patients. […] Progressive pericarditis and pleuritis in HCL patients at diagnosis was reported recently. The symptoms completely resolved after treatment with purine analogs, with no recurrence observed during a five-year observation. […] Rheumatological symptoms related either to hematological malignancy or disease-related immune dysregulation have rarely been reported in HCL patients.

• #47 Rare Clinical Symptoms in Hairy Cell Leukemia: An Overview

  https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/16/17/3054

  In most patients, HCL is characterized by pancytopenia, splenomegaly and bone marrow infiltration. However, several other unusual symptoms of HCL are reported in the literature. These include extramedullary and extranodal manifestations of classic HCL in various organs including the skin, bones, central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, heart, kidney, liver, lung and ocular system.

• #48 Rare Clinical Symptoms in Hairy Cell Leukemia: An Overview

  https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/16/17/3054

  Neurological complications were reported in approximately 5% of HCL patients, with the most common cause being infection. However, the direct invasion of leukemic cells to the central nervous system (CNS) is rare in HCL. […] Ocular involvement of HCL is extremely rare and only 12 cases have been reported so far. […] Hepatomegaly can be seen in up to 30% of HCL patients. However, liver and gastrointestinal tract involvement has only rarely been reported in HCL patients. […] Progressive pericarditis and pleuritis in HCL patients at diagnosis was reported recently. The symptoms completely resolved after treatment with purine analogs, with no recurrence observed during a five-year observation. […] Rheumatological symptoms related either to hematological malignancy or disease-related immune dysregulation have rarely been reported in HCL patients.

• #49 Understanding Hairy Cell Leukemia — Hairy Cell Leukemia Foundation

  https://www.hairycellleukemia.org/hairy-cell-leukemia

  Hairy cell leukemia is usually gradual in onset. Patients present with fatigue, increased susceptibility to infection, and enlargement of the spleen. The malignant hairy cells in the bone marrow compromise the usual production of normal red cells, white blood cells, and platelets that are manufactured in the bone marrow. […] Patients with hairy cell leukemia often have a slow onset of symptoms and may not be diagnosed for several months or even years of illness. The symptoms of hairy cell leukemia can be divided into those related to the effects due to bone marrow involvement, effects due to other organ involvement, and secondary complications due to infections or autoimmunity. […] Hairy cell leukemia is thought to develop in the bone marrow and as the hairy cell leukemia progresses, the normal function of the bone marrow decreases. The normal function of the bone marrow is to produce white blood cells, red blood cells (that carry hemoglobin) and platelets. Decreased hemoglobin, which can cause anemia, can develop slowly and drop to very low levels. This can result in marked fatigue and weakness, shortness of breath, and/or dizziness. A decrease in the white blood cells (these cells make up the immune system) can lead to recurrent infections such as pneumonia, bronchitis, etc. The platelets can decrease to life-threatening levels, where severe spontaneous bleeding can occur. Patients may notice nosebleeds or gum bleeding, increased bruising, or even severe bleeding from their stomach. […] Even though hairy cell leukemia develops in the bone marrow, it commonly travels to other organs as well. A common finding in patients is an enlarged spleen two to three times normal size. This can cause pain on the left side where the spleen is located, early feeling of fullness in the stomach, and in some cases severe pain. The liver may also be involved, leading to pain on the right side, abnormalities of the liver function, or accumulation of fluid in the abdomen called ascites. Although uncommon, hairy cells can invade the bones and cause bone destruction with severe pain. Lymph nodes may be affected and enlargement can cause pain, whether in nodes in the neck or the abdomen. Rarely, there can be involvement in the brain causing headaches or abnormalities of brain function.

• #50 Hairy cell leukaemia | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/hairy-cell-leukaemia

  Symptoms of hairy cell leukaemia can include frequent infections and swelling of the tummy. Some people don’t have symptoms. […] Hairy cell leukaemia usually develops slowly and can be kept under control for many years with treatment.

• #51 Hairy cell leukemia – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hairy-cell-leukemia/symptoms-causes/syc-20372956

  Hairy cell leukemia often gets worse very slowly. Sometimes it stays stable for many years. For this reason, few complications of the disease occur. […] If there are too many leukemia cells in the body, they can crowd out the healthy blood cells. That can lead to: Infections. Your body needs healthy white blood cells to fight off germs. If your body can’t make enough healthy white blood cells, you might get more infections. Bleeding. Your body needs healthy platelet cells to control bleeding. If the number of platelets in your blood is low, you might notice that you bruise more easily. You might also have bleeding from the nose or gums. Anemia. Your body needs healthy red blood cells to carry oxygen through your body. Having too few red blood cells is called anemia. Anemia can make you feel very tired.

• #52 Hairy cell leukemia: Outlook, treatment, and what to expect

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/320628

  Hairy cell leukemia is a rare type of blood cancer that can affect adults. In people who receive treatment, the long-term outlook for hairy cell leukemia is good. […] HCL is a chronic disease, and although there is no cure for it, the condition is treatable. Treatment is usually highly effective and can help people continue to live normal lives. […] According to the National Cancer Institute, HCL progresses slowly or does not worsen at all. […] The Leukemia and Lymphoma Society reports that the 5-year event-free survival rate for HCL is 90% in people who received initial treatment with the chemotherapy drug cladribine. This means 90% of people will still be alive 5 years after diagnosis. […] A 10-year follow-up found that the median survival rate was 27 years overall, with 11 years of relapse-free survival. There was a relapse rate of 39%. The study concluded that people with HCL have a good long-term outlook.

• #53 Treating Hairy Cell Leukemia | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/chronic-lymphocytic-leukemia/treating/hairy-cell-leukemia.html

  Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) tends to grow slowly. People with HCL who aren’t having symptoms often don’t need to be treated right away, but they do need to be watched carefully. […] If you have HCL, you will see your cancer care team every few months to check for signs that the HCL is growing and to see if it’s causing any problems (like low blood counts, fatigue, or an enlarged spleen). […] Some people with HCL live for many years without having symptoms or needing treatment. […] Treatment may be advised if you have low blood cell counts, recurrent infections, an enlarged spleen or lymph nodes, or other bothersome symptoms. […] Treatment doesn’t cure HCL, but it can help with symptoms, stop the HCL from progressing, and help you live longer.

• #54 Hairy Cell Leukemia: Symptoms and Causes | MyLeukemiaTeam

  https://www.myleukemiateam.com/resources/hairy-cell-leukemia-symptoms-and-causes

  Because hairy cell leukemia is a type of chronic leukemia, it generally progresses very slowly and takes a longer time before it damages the body. […] In many cases, people live with HCL for years without experiencing any symptoms or requiring treatment. […] About 40 percent of people with HCL will relapse, sometimes after as long as a decade past the first round of successful treatment.

• #55 Hairy Cell Leukemia: Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatments

  https://www.healthline.com/health/hairy-cell-leukemia

  Common symptoms of HCL include: persistently feeling tired, weakness, weight loss for no reason, shortness of breath, excessive sweating, often at night, swollen lymph nodes, frequent infections and fevers, small red spots on the skin, an enlarged liver or spleen, easy bruising and bleeding, bone pain, especially under the ribs. […] HCL progresses slowly, and in its early stages, you may experience few or no symptoms at all. […] If you have HCL, it is important to keep an eye out for symptoms that the cancer is progressing. Call your doctor if you generally don’t feel well or if you have any of the following: a lot of bleeding, an infection, a persistent fever, a persistent cough. […] Treatment and recovery will depend on whether there’s a continuous increase in the number of hairy cells and the rate at which these cells develop. Most cases of HCL respond well to treatment and usually result in long-term remission, which occurs when the cancer has stopped progressing and your symptoms have gone away. If your symptoms return and the cancer begins to progress again, you may need to go through treatment again to put the cancer back into remission.

• #56 Hairy cell leukemia | Canadian Cancer Society

  https://cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/chronic-lymphocytic-leukemia-cll/treatment/hairy-cell-leukemia

  Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is usually slow growing (chronic), but it often progresses (gets worse). Most people will eventually need treatment. It is highly treatable but rarely cured. […] The most common symptoms of HCL are low blood cell counts and an enlarged spleen. The lymph nodes are usually not enlarged. […] Treatment is usually given if HCL starts to progress. Signs that the disease is progressing include symptoms getting worse, low blood cell counts and frequent infections. […] If you start having symptoms or they get worse, such as your blood cell counts staying low or your spleen getting larger and more uncomfortable, your healthcare team may decide to start other treatment.

• #57 Hairy Cell Leukemia – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK499845/

  Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is a rare, chronic B-cell malignancy that involves the spleen, bone marrow, and peripheral blood. Patients often have non-specific complaints including fatigue, weakness as well as symptoms related to cytopenias. […] Affected patients often have non-specific symptoms including fatigue and weakness, as well as symptoms related to cytopenias and splenomegaly. Eighty percent of patients will have significant cytopenias on presentation, with severe pancytopenia in less than 10%. While splenomegaly is a predominant feature, massive, symptomatic splenomegaly is less frequent, perhaps due to earlier detection on routine complete blood count (CBC). […] Given its incurable nature, hairy cell leukemia treatment is reserved for symptomatic patients, including significant fatigue, symptomatic splenomegaly, and significant cytopenias (hemoglobin less than 12 g/dL, platelets, 100000/mcL, ANC less than 1000/mcL). Asymptomatic individuals should be monitored closely for disease progression with history and physical and CBC approximately every 3 to 6 months. […] The median survival is usually 4 years without treatment. VH4-34 positive HCL cases are associated with poor prognosis.

• #58 Hairy Cell Leukemia: Symptoms, Causes, Treatments

  https://resources.healthgrades.com/right-care/leukemia/hairy-cell-leukemia

  The symptoms of hairy cell leukemia are generally mild to moderate, but life threatening symptoms can occur. Seek immediate medical care (call 911) for any of these symptoms, including: severe pain, especially upper left abdominal pain, which may indicate an enlarged spleen; symptoms of a serious infection, such as (but not limited to): fever, cough, difficulty breathing, rash that is warm to the touch, has discharge, or spreads rapidly; confusion or mental status changes; severe shortness of breath that does not get better with rest. […] Without treatment, the mean survival time is about 4 years from diagnosis. […] People diagnosed with hairy cell leukemia who get treatment often have prolonged periods of remission. People who experience complete remission tend to have a more favorable outlook than people with partial remission. […] Complications are possible with hairy cell leukemia or its treatment. These include infection and second cancers, potentially due to treatment or the condition itself. […] The study also concluded that patients with hairy cell leukemia had a good long-term outlook overall.

• #59 Hairy cell leukemia: Outlook, treatment, and what to expect

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/320628

  Hairy cell leukemia is a rare type of blood cancer that can affect adults. In people who receive treatment, the long-term outlook for hairy cell leukemia is good. […] HCL is a chronic disease, and although there is no cure for it, the condition is treatable. Treatment is usually highly effective and can help people continue to live normal lives. […] According to the National Cancer Institute, HCL progresses slowly or does not worsen at all. […] The Leukemia and Lymphoma Society reports that the 5-year event-free survival rate for HCL is 90% in people who received initial treatment with the chemotherapy drug cladribine. This means 90% of people will still be alive 5 years after diagnosis. […] A 10-year follow-up found that the median survival rate was 27 years overall, with 11 years of relapse-free survival. There was a relapse rate of 39%. The study concluded that people with HCL have a good long-term outlook.

• #60 Hairy Cell Leukemia Treatment – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/types/leukemia/patient/hairy-cell-treatment-pdq

  Signs and symptoms of hairy cell leukemia include infections, tiredness, and pain below the ribs. […] These and other signs and symptoms may be caused by hairy cell leukemia or by other conditions. Check with your doctor if you have: […] Weakness or fatigue (feeling tired). […] Frequent infections. […] Easy bruising or bleeding. […] Shortness of breath. […] Pain or a feeling of fullness below the ribs. […] Painless lumps in the neck, underarm, stomach, or groin. […] In hairy cell leukemia, too many blood stem cells become lymphocytes. These lymphocytes are abnormal and do not become healthy white blood cells. The abnormal lymphocytes are also called leukemia cells. The leukemia cells can build up in the blood and bone marrow so there is less room for healthy white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets. This may cause infection, anemia, and easy bleeding. Some of the leukemia cells may collect in the spleen and cause it to swell. […] The prognosis depends on: […] Whether the hairy cell leukemia does not grow or grows so slowly it does not need treatment. […] Whether the hairy cell leukemia responds to treatment.

• #61 Pathology Outlines – Hairy cell leukemia

  https://www.pathologyoutlines.com/topic/lymphomahcl.html

  Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is a rare, indolent lymphoproliferative neoplasm of mature B cells with a distinct clinical presentation that includes peripheral blood cytopenias, splenomegaly and a small number of circulating neoplastic cells with hair-like cytoplasmic projections […] Pancytopenia and monocytopenia are common findings […] Often reported symptoms are fatigue and infection […] Splenomegaly: massive splenomegaly that can cause left sided abdominal pain is less commonly seen today due to early detection […] Chronic, relatively indolent leukemia that predominantly responds well to current chemotherapy; 5 year event free survival rate after treatment is ~90% […] Poor prognostic factors include: massive splenomegaly, leukocytosis (> 10 x 10^9/L), high number of neoplastic hairy cells in the blood (> 5 x 10^9/L) and high beta2 microglobulin

• #62 Pathology Outlines – Hairy cell leukemia

  https://www.pathologyoutlines.com/topic/lymphomahcl.html

  Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is a rare, indolent lymphoproliferative neoplasm of mature B cells with a distinct clinical presentation that includes peripheral blood cytopenias, splenomegaly and a small number of circulating neoplastic cells with hair-like cytoplasmic projections […] Pancytopenia and monocytopenia are common findings […] Often reported symptoms are fatigue and infection […] Splenomegaly: massive splenomegaly that can cause left sided abdominal pain is less commonly seen today due to early detection […] Chronic, relatively indolent leukemia that predominantly responds well to current chemotherapy; 5 year event free survival rate after treatment is ~90% […] Poor prognostic factors include: massive splenomegaly, leukocytosis (> 10 x 10^9/L), high number of neoplastic hairy cells in the blood (> 5 x 10^9/L) and high beta2 microglobulin

• #63 Pathology Outlines – Hairy cell leukemia

  https://www.pathologyoutlines.com/topic/lymphomahcl.html

  Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is a rare, indolent lymphoproliferative neoplasm of mature B cells with a distinct clinical presentation that includes peripheral blood cytopenias, splenomegaly and a small number of circulating neoplastic cells with hair-like cytoplasmic projections […] Pancytopenia and monocytopenia are common findings […] Often reported symptoms are fatigue and infection […] Splenomegaly: massive splenomegaly that can cause left sided abdominal pain is less commonly seen today due to early detection […] Chronic, relatively indolent leukemia that predominantly responds well to current chemotherapy; 5 year event free survival rate after treatment is ~90% […] Poor prognostic factors include: massive splenomegaly, leukocytosis (> 10 x 10^9/L), high number of neoplastic hairy cells in the blood (> 5 x 10^9/L) and high beta2 microglobulin

• #64 Pathology Outlines – Hairy cell leukemia

  https://www.pathologyoutlines.com/topic/lymphomahcl.html

  Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is a rare, indolent lymphoproliferative neoplasm of mature B cells with a distinct clinical presentation that includes peripheral blood cytopenias, splenomegaly and a small number of circulating neoplastic cells with hair-like cytoplasmic projections […] Pancytopenia and monocytopenia are common findings […] Often reported symptoms are fatigue and infection […] Splenomegaly: massive splenomegaly that can cause left sided abdominal pain is less commonly seen today due to early detection […] Chronic, relatively indolent leukemia that predominantly responds well to current chemotherapy; 5 year event free survival rate after treatment is ~90% […] Poor prognostic factors include: massive splenomegaly, leukocytosis (> 10 x 10^9/L), high number of neoplastic hairy cells in the blood (> 5 x 10^9/L) and high beta2 microglobulin

• #65 Pathology Outlines – Hairy cell leukemia

  https://www.pathologyoutlines.com/topic/lymphomahcl.html

  Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is a rare, indolent lymphoproliferative neoplasm of mature B cells with a distinct clinical presentation that includes peripheral blood cytopenias, splenomegaly and a small number of circulating neoplastic cells with hair-like cytoplasmic projections […] Pancytopenia and monocytopenia are common findings […] Often reported symptoms are fatigue and infection […] Splenomegaly: massive splenomegaly that can cause left sided abdominal pain is less commonly seen today due to early detection […] Chronic, relatively indolent leukemia that predominantly responds well to current chemotherapy; 5 year event free survival rate after treatment is ~90% […] Poor prognostic factors include: massive splenomegaly, leukocytosis (> 10 x 10^9/L), high number of neoplastic hairy cells in the blood (> 5 x 10^9/L) and high beta2 microglobulin

• #66 Hairy Cell Leukemia – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK499845/

  Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is a rare, chronic B-cell malignancy that involves the spleen, bone marrow, and peripheral blood. Patients often have non-specific complaints including fatigue, weakness as well as symptoms related to cytopenias. […] Affected patients often have non-specific symptoms including fatigue and weakness, as well as symptoms related to cytopenias and splenomegaly. Eighty percent of patients will have significant cytopenias on presentation, with severe pancytopenia in less than 10%. While splenomegaly is a predominant feature, massive, symptomatic splenomegaly is less frequent, perhaps due to earlier detection on routine complete blood count (CBC). […] Given its incurable nature, hairy cell leukemia treatment is reserved for symptomatic patients, including significant fatigue, symptomatic splenomegaly, and significant cytopenias (hemoglobin less than 12 g/dL, platelets, 100000/mcL, ANC less than 1000/mcL). Asymptomatic individuals should be monitored closely for disease progression with history and physical and CBC approximately every 3 to 6 months. […] The median survival is usually 4 years without treatment. VH4-34 positive HCL cases are associated with poor prognosis.

• #67 Hairy cell leukemia – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hairy-cell-leukemia/symptoms-causes/syc-20372956

  Hairy cell leukemia often gets worse very slowly. Sometimes it stays stable for many years. For this reason, few complications of the disease occur. […] If there are too many leukemia cells in the body, they can crowd out the healthy blood cells. That can lead to: Infections. Your body needs healthy white blood cells to fight off germs. If your body can’t make enough healthy white blood cells, you might get more infections. Bleeding. Your body needs healthy platelet cells to control bleeding. If the number of platelets in your blood is low, you might notice that you bruise more easily. You might also have bleeding from the nose or gums. Anemia. Your body needs healthy red blood cells to carry oxygen through your body. Having too few red blood cells is called anemia. Anemia can make you feel very tired.

• #68 Hairy Cell Leukemia Symptoms & Treatment | Baptist Health

  https://www.baptisthealth.com/care-services/conditions-treatments/hairy-cell-leukemia

  Because hairy cell leukemia means fewer healthy red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets, there are a number of complications that can result. These include: Anemia: When healthy red blood cells are crowded out by the cancer cells, it can cause fatigue and shortness of breath […] Neutropenia: Because the white blood cells are not healthy, the immune system cant effectively fight infections […] Thrombocytopenia: Because the platelets are crowded out by the cancer cells, it causes bruising and bleeding […] Enlarged spleen: The hairy cells may invade the spleen and cause discomfort or rupture […] Liver infection: The hairy cells may invade the liver and cause discomfort or abnormal liver function […] Lymph node enlargement: The hairy cells and invade the lymph nodes and cause neck and abdomen pain.

• #69 Hairy Cell Leukemia: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/23177-hairy-cell-leukemia

  Unusual bruising or bleeding: Hairy cell leukemia keeps your bone marrow from making enough platelets, which helps slow or stop bleeding. […] This condition increases your risk of infections because you have very low levels of infection-fighting white blood cells. These include bacterial infections, viral infections or fungal infections that may be life-threatening. […] Theres no cure for hairy cell leukemia. Research shows treatment, including chemotherapy, can put this condition into remission for 10 years or more. Remission means you dont have symptoms anymore and tests dont find any signs of the condition. […] That said, hairy cell leukemia can come back after several years of initial treatment. But there are treatments to put the disease back into remission.

• #70 Understanding Hairy Cell Leukemia — Hairy Cell Leukemia Foundation

  https://www.hairycellleukemia.org/hairy-cell-leukemia

  Patients with hairy cell leukemia have disturbed immune systems due to changes in their blood cells. Infections due to fungus and viruses can affect the skin, lungs, liver, or brain. Symptoms from these can include fever, cough, rashes, headaches or confusion. Autoimmune disease may be seen in up to one-third of patients and usually causes inflammation of blood vessels or joints. Patients may have increased joint pain and swelling, unusual skin rashes, fever and/or weight loss. This can occur at the beginning or any time after diagnosis.

• #71 Understanding Hairy Cell Leukemia — Hairy Cell Leukemia Foundation

  https://www.hairycellleukemia.org/hairy-cell-leukemia

  Hairy cell leukemia is usually gradual in onset. Patients present with fatigue, increased susceptibility to infection, and enlargement of the spleen. The malignant hairy cells in the bone marrow compromise the usual production of normal red cells, white blood cells, and platelets that are manufactured in the bone marrow. […] Patients with hairy cell leukemia often have a slow onset of symptoms and may not be diagnosed for several months or even years of illness. The symptoms of hairy cell leukemia can be divided into those related to the effects due to bone marrow involvement, effects due to other organ involvement, and secondary complications due to infections or autoimmunity. […] Hairy cell leukemia is thought to develop in the bone marrow and as the hairy cell leukemia progresses, the normal function of the bone marrow decreases. The normal function of the bone marrow is to produce white blood cells, red blood cells (that carry hemoglobin) and platelets. Decreased hemoglobin, which can cause anemia, can develop slowly and drop to very low levels. This can result in marked fatigue and weakness, shortness of breath, and/or dizziness. A decrease in the white blood cells (these cells make up the immune system) can lead to recurrent infections such as pneumonia, bronchitis, etc. The platelets can decrease to life-threatening levels, where severe spontaneous bleeding can occur. Patients may notice nosebleeds or gum bleeding, increased bruising, or even severe bleeding from their stomach. […] Even though hairy cell leukemia develops in the bone marrow, it commonly travels to other organs as well. A common finding in patients is an enlarged spleen two to three times normal size. This can cause pain on the left side where the spleen is located, early feeling of fullness in the stomach, and in some cases severe pain. The liver may also be involved, leading to pain on the right side, abnormalities of the liver function, or accumulation of fluid in the abdomen called ascites. Although uncommon, hairy cells can invade the bones and cause bone destruction with severe pain. Lymph nodes may be affected and enlargement can cause pain, whether in nodes in the neck or the abdomen. Rarely, there can be involvement in the brain causing headaches or abnormalities of brain function.

• #72 Diagnosing Hairy Cell Leukemia | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/hairy-cell-leukemia/diagnosis

  Although this is rare, B lymphocytes can collect in the bodys lymph nodes, causing them to enlarge. […] Hairy cell leukemia is a chronic condition, meaning it may never go away. However, NYU Langone hematologists doctors who study and treat diseases of the blood can usually treat this form of cancer so that it goes into remission, meaning the signs and symptoms of the condition subside or disappear. […] Hairy cell leukemia that is causing symptoms usually is treated with medications or, if the spleen becomes too large and is in danger of rupturing, with surgery.

• #73 Hairy cell leukemia: Outlook, treatment, and what to expect

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/320628

  According to a 2020 study, people with HCL have an increased risk of secondary cancer. […] People with HCL must attend regular cancer screenings to detect any early signs of secondary cancer. […] Blood cell changes in those with HCL may result in compromised immune systems, making people more susceptible to infection or autoimmune disease. […] The overall outlook for people with HCL is good. Treatment with chemotherapy drugs, such as cladribine and pentostatin, is highly effective and may result in long-term remission.

• #74 Hairy Cell Leukemia: Practice Essentials, Pathophysiology, Epidemiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/200580-overview

  Hairy cell leukemia behaves like a chronic leukemia. With treatment, most patients achieve clinical remissions and, sometimes, long-term cures. In the United States, 5-year survival ranged from 84% to 94% (lower in Blacks than in Whites). […] The risk of second malignancies has been observed in patients with hairy cell leukemia, either through the disease itself or secondary to the immunosuppressive effects of the therapy. Skin cancers (melanoma and non-melanoma) are the most common, representing 33-36% of all secondary malignancies. Other malignancies include prostate cancers, gastrointestinal malignancies, non-Hodgkin lymphomas, and ovarian, cervical, and breast cancer. […] A 20-year follow-up in 117 patients in British Columbia showed that 31% developed a second malignancy, of which 30% were diagnosed before hairy cell leukemia was found.

• #75 Understanding Hairy Cell Leukemia — Hairy Cell Leukemia Foundation

  https://www.hairycellleukemia.org/hairy-cell-leukemia

  Patients with hairy cell leukemia have disturbed immune systems due to changes in their blood cells. Infections due to fungus and viruses can affect the skin, lungs, liver, or brain. Symptoms from these can include fever, cough, rashes, headaches or confusion. Autoimmune disease may be seen in up to one-third of patients and usually causes inflammation of blood vessels or joints. Patients may have increased joint pain and swelling, unusual skin rashes, fever and/or weight loss. This can occur at the beginning or any time after diagnosis.

• #76 Hairy Cell Leukemia Treatment (PDQ®) – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/types/leukemia/hp/hairy-cell-treatment-pdq

  Hairy cell leukemia usually presents with: […] Splenomegaly. […] Varying degrees of leukopenia (occasionally leukocytosis). […] Pancytopenia. […] Monocytopenia. […] Bone marrow infiltration by atypical cells with prominent cytoplasmic projections (i.e., hairy cells). […] Lymphadenopathy is absent, except with multiply recurrent progressive disease. […] The decision to treat is based on signs of disease progression, including any of the following factors: […] Cytopenias (especially if symptomatic). […] Increasing splenomegaly. […] The presence of other, usually infectious, complications. […] If the patient is asymptomatic and if blood counts are maintained in an acceptable range, therapy may not be needed.

• #77 Hairy Cell Leukemia – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK499845/

  Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is a rare, chronic B-cell malignancy that involves the spleen, bone marrow, and peripheral blood. Patients often have non-specific complaints including fatigue, weakness as well as symptoms related to cytopenias. […] Affected patients often have non-specific symptoms including fatigue and weakness, as well as symptoms related to cytopenias and splenomegaly. Eighty percent of patients will have significant cytopenias on presentation, with severe pancytopenia in less than 10%. While splenomegaly is a predominant feature, massive, symptomatic splenomegaly is less frequent, perhaps due to earlier detection on routine complete blood count (CBC). […] Given its incurable nature, hairy cell leukemia treatment is reserved for symptomatic patients, including significant fatigue, symptomatic splenomegaly, and significant cytopenias (hemoglobin less than 12 g/dL, platelets, 100000/mcL, ANC less than 1000/mcL). Asymptomatic individuals should be monitored closely for disease progression with history and physical and CBC approximately every 3 to 6 months. […] The median survival is usually 4 years without treatment. VH4-34 positive HCL cases are associated with poor prognosis.

• #78 Hairy Cell Leukemia – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK499845/

  Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is a rare, chronic B-cell malignancy that involves the spleen, bone marrow, and peripheral blood. Patients often have non-specific complaints including fatigue, weakness as well as symptoms related to cytopenias. […] Affected patients often have non-specific symptoms including fatigue and weakness, as well as symptoms related to cytopenias and splenomegaly. Eighty percent of patients will have significant cytopenias on presentation, with severe pancytopenia in less than 10%. While splenomegaly is a predominant feature, massive, symptomatic splenomegaly is less frequent, perhaps due to earlier detection on routine complete blood count (CBC). […] Given its incurable nature, hairy cell leukemia treatment is reserved for symptomatic patients, including significant fatigue, symptomatic splenomegaly, and significant cytopenias (hemoglobin less than 12 g/dL, platelets, 100000/mcL, ANC less than 1000/mcL). Asymptomatic individuals should be monitored closely for disease progression with history and physical and CBC approximately every 3 to 6 months. […] The median survival is usually 4 years without treatment. VH4-34 positive HCL cases are associated with poor prognosis.

• #79 Hairy Cell Leukemia Treatment (PDQ®) – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/types/leukemia/hp/hairy-cell-treatment-pdq

  Hairy cell leukemia usually presents with: […] Splenomegaly. […] Varying degrees of leukopenia (occasionally leukocytosis). […] Pancytopenia. […] Monocytopenia. […] Bone marrow infiltration by atypical cells with prominent cytoplasmic projections (i.e., hairy cells). […] Lymphadenopathy is absent, except with multiply recurrent progressive disease. […] The decision to treat is based on signs of disease progression, including any of the following factors: […] Cytopenias (especially if symptomatic). […] Increasing splenomegaly. […] The presence of other, usually infectious, complications. […] If the patient is asymptomatic and if blood counts are maintained in an acceptable range, therapy may not be needed.

• #80 Hairy Cell Leukemia Treatment (PDQ®) – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/types/leukemia/hp/hairy-cell-treatment-pdq

  Hairy cell leukemia usually presents with: […] Splenomegaly. […] Varying degrees of leukopenia (occasionally leukocytosis). […] Pancytopenia. […] Monocytopenia. […] Bone marrow infiltration by atypical cells with prominent cytoplasmic projections (i.e., hairy cells). […] Lymphadenopathy is absent, except with multiply recurrent progressive disease. […] The decision to treat is based on signs of disease progression, including any of the following factors: […] Cytopenias (especially if symptomatic). […] Increasing splenomegaly. […] The presence of other, usually infectious, complications. […] If the patient is asymptomatic and if blood counts are maintained in an acceptable range, therapy may not be needed.

• #81 Hairy cell leukemia | Canadian Cancer Society

  https://cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/chronic-lymphocytic-leukemia-cll/treatment/hairy-cell-leukemia

  Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is usually slow growing (chronic), but it often progresses (gets worse). Most people will eventually need treatment. It is highly treatable but rarely cured. […] The most common symptoms of HCL are low blood cell counts and an enlarged spleen. The lymph nodes are usually not enlarged. […] Treatment is usually given if HCL starts to progress. Signs that the disease is progressing include symptoms getting worse, low blood cell counts and frequent infections. […] If you start having symptoms or they get worse, such as your blood cell counts staying low or your spleen getting larger and more uncomfortable, your healthcare team may decide to start other treatment.

• #82 Hairy Cell Leukemia Treatment (PDQ®) – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/types/leukemia/hp/hairy-cell-treatment-pdq

  Hairy cell leukemia usually presents with: […] Splenomegaly. […] Varying degrees of leukopenia (occasionally leukocytosis). […] Pancytopenia. […] Monocytopenia. […] Bone marrow infiltration by atypical cells with prominent cytoplasmic projections (i.e., hairy cells). […] Lymphadenopathy is absent, except with multiply recurrent progressive disease. […] The decision to treat is based on signs of disease progression, including any of the following factors: […] Cytopenias (especially if symptomatic). […] Increasing splenomegaly. […] The presence of other, usually infectious, complications. […] If the patient is asymptomatic and if blood counts are maintained in an acceptable range, therapy may not be needed.

• #83 Hairy cell leukemia – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hairy-cell-leukemia/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20372962

  Enlarged spleen […] You might have pain or discomfort when you eat. […] In hairy cell leukemia, a CBC test may show all levels of these cells are too low. […] You might decide to start treatment if you start to get hairy cell leukemia symptoms. Most people with hairy cell leukemia will eventually need treatment. […] Treatment for hairy cell leukemia doesn’t always need to start right away. This cancer often gets worse very slowly over time. […] If you don’t have treatment, you’ll have regular appointments with your health care provider. You might have blood tests to see if hairy cell leukemia is getting worse. […] Chemotherapy is very effective for hairy cell leukemia. Most people get a complete or partial remission after chemotherapy. […] If your hairy cell leukemia comes back, your provider might recommend repeating chemotherapy with the same drug or trying a different drug. […] Targeted drug therapy is sometimes used as a first treatment for hairy cell leukemia. It can be used with chemotherapy. More often, targeted therapy is an option if the cancer comes back after chemotherapy.

• #84 Hairy cell leukemia – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hairy_cell_leukemia

  More than 95% of new patients are treated well or at least adequately by cladribine or pentostatin. A majority of new patients can expect a disease-free remission time span of about ten years, or sometimes much longer after taking one of these drugs just once. If retreatment is necessary in the future, the drugs are normally effective again, although the average length of remission is somewhat shorter in subsequent treatments. There is also the risk of Shingles, and Peripheral Neuropathy after treatment with cladribine. […] With appropriate treatment, the overall projected lifespan for patients is normal or near-normal. In all patients, the first two years after diagnosis have the highest risk for fatal outcome; generally, surviving five years predicts good control of the disease. After five years’ clinical remission, patients in the United States with normal blood counts can often qualify for private life insurance with some US companies.

• #85 Hairy cell leukemia: Outlook, treatment, and what to expect

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/320628

  Hairy cell leukemia is a rare type of blood cancer that can affect adults. In people who receive treatment, the long-term outlook for hairy cell leukemia is good. […] HCL is a chronic disease, and although there is no cure for it, the condition is treatable. Treatment is usually highly effective and can help people continue to live normal lives. […] According to the National Cancer Institute, HCL progresses slowly or does not worsen at all. […] The Leukemia and Lymphoma Society reports that the 5-year event-free survival rate for HCL is 90% in people who received initial treatment with the chemotherapy drug cladribine. This means 90% of people will still be alive 5 years after diagnosis. […] A 10-year follow-up found that the median survival rate was 27 years overall, with 11 years of relapse-free survival. There was a relapse rate of 39%. The study concluded that people with HCL have a good long-term outlook.

• #86 Hairy cell leukemia – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hairy_cell_leukemia

  More than 95% of new patients are treated well or at least adequately by cladribine or pentostatin. A majority of new patients can expect a disease-free remission time span of about ten years, or sometimes much longer after taking one of these drugs just once. If retreatment is necessary in the future, the drugs are normally effective again, although the average length of remission is somewhat shorter in subsequent treatments. There is also the risk of Shingles, and Peripheral Neuropathy after treatment with cladribine. […] With appropriate treatment, the overall projected lifespan for patients is normal or near-normal. In all patients, the first two years after diagnosis have the highest risk for fatal outcome; generally, surviving five years predicts good control of the disease. After five years’ clinical remission, patients in the United States with normal blood counts can often qualify for private life insurance with some US companies.

• #87 Hairy cell leukemia: Outlook, treatment, and what to expect

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/320628

  Hairy cell leukemia is a rare type of blood cancer that can affect adults. In people who receive treatment, the long-term outlook for hairy cell leukemia is good. […] HCL is a chronic disease, and although there is no cure for it, the condition is treatable. Treatment is usually highly effective and can help people continue to live normal lives. […] According to the National Cancer Institute, HCL progresses slowly or does not worsen at all. […] The Leukemia and Lymphoma Society reports that the 5-year event-free survival rate for HCL is 90% in people who received initial treatment with the chemotherapy drug cladribine. This means 90% of people will still be alive 5 years after diagnosis. […] A 10-year follow-up found that the median survival rate was 27 years overall, with 11 years of relapse-free survival. There was a relapse rate of 39%. The study concluded that people with HCL have a good long-term outlook.

• #88 Hairy cell leukemia: Outlook, treatment, and what to expect

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/320628

  Hairy cell leukemia is a rare type of blood cancer that can affect adults. In people who receive treatment, the long-term outlook for hairy cell leukemia is good. […] HCL is a chronic disease, and although there is no cure for it, the condition is treatable. Treatment is usually highly effective and can help people continue to live normal lives. […] According to the National Cancer Institute, HCL progresses slowly or does not worsen at all. […] The Leukemia and Lymphoma Society reports that the 5-year event-free survival rate for HCL is 90% in people who received initial treatment with the chemotherapy drug cladribine. This means 90% of people will still be alive 5 years after diagnosis. […] A 10-year follow-up found that the median survival rate was 27 years overall, with 11 years of relapse-free survival. There was a relapse rate of 39%. The study concluded that people with HCL have a good long-term outlook.

• #89 Long-term follow-up of cladribine treatment in hairy cell leukemia: 30-year experience in a multicentric Italian study | Blood Cancer Journal

  https://www.nature.com/articles/s41408-022-00702-9

  Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is a rare lymphoproliferative disease with an excellent prognosis after treatment with cladribine (2CDA), although relapse may occur during follow-up. […] A total of 330 (64.3%) patients received 2CDA intravenously and 183 (35.7%) subcutaneously. […] At a median follow-up of 6.83 years (range 0.0428.52), the median time to relapse was 12.2 years. […] A significant difference in duration of response was identified between patients that obtained a CR and PR (19.4 years versus 4.8 years, p0.0001). […] Forty-nine patients died (9.5%), following an infection in 14 cases (2.7%), natural causes in 14 (2.7%), cardiovascular events in 13 (2.5%), a second neoplasm in 6 (1.2%), and progression of HCL in 2 cases (0.4%). […] Following treatment of HCL with 2CDA, 80% of patients are estimated to be alive 15 years after diagnosis.

• #90 Hairy cell leukemia: Outlook, treatment, and what to expect

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/320628

  Hairy cell leukemia is a rare type of blood cancer that can affect adults. In people who receive treatment, the long-term outlook for hairy cell leukemia is good. […] HCL is a chronic disease, and although there is no cure for it, the condition is treatable. Treatment is usually highly effective and can help people continue to live normal lives. […] According to the National Cancer Institute, HCL progresses slowly or does not worsen at all. […] The Leukemia and Lymphoma Society reports that the 5-year event-free survival rate for HCL is 90% in people who received initial treatment with the chemotherapy drug cladribine. This means 90% of people will still be alive 5 years after diagnosis. […] A 10-year follow-up found that the median survival rate was 27 years overall, with 11 years of relapse-free survival. There was a relapse rate of 39%. The study concluded that people with HCL have a good long-term outlook.

• #91 Hairy Cell Leukemia: Symptoms and Causes | MyLeukemiaTeam

  https://www.myleukemiateam.com/resources/hairy-cell-leukemia-symptoms-and-causes

  Because hairy cell leukemia is a type of chronic leukemia, it generally progresses very slowly and takes a longer time before it damages the body. […] In many cases, people live with HCL for years without experiencing any symptoms or requiring treatment. […] About 40 percent of people with HCL will relapse, sometimes after as long as a decade past the first round of successful treatment.

• #92 Hairy cell leukemia – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hairy_cell_leukemia

  Despite decade-long remissions and years of living very normal lives after treatment, hairy cell leukemia is officially considered an incurable disease. While survivors of solid tumors are commonly declared to be permanently cured after two, three, or five years, people who have hairy cell leukemia are never considered 'cured’. Relapses of HCL have happened even after more than twenty years of continuous remission. Patients will require lifelong monitoring and should be aware that the disease can recur even after decades of good health.

• #93

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=bc1140&

  Symptoms of hairy cell leukemia (HCL) can include weakness, fever, weight loss, bruising easily, and repeated infections. The spleen may become swollen and painful. […] HCL may grow very slowly or it may not get worse. So it often does not need to be treated right away. […] HCL doesn’t ever go away completely. But treatment can keep symptoms away for long periods of time. When under the care of a doctor, a person who has HCL can have a normal life expectancy.

• #94 Rare Clinical Symptoms in Hairy Cell Leukemia: An Overview

  https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/16/17/3054

  Diagnosis of hairy cell leukemia is based on the presence of hairy cells in bone marrow and peripheral blood as well as the characteristic immunophenotype. Moreover, in classic HCL, most patients present with a BRAF V600E mutation. The typical symptoms of classic hairy cell leukemia include pancytopenia, massive splenomegaly and increased risk of infection. However, rarer manifestations of HCL are occasionally reported, including cutaneous symptoms, bone infiltration, arthritis and central nervous system symptoms, as well as gastrointestinal tracts, heart, lungs, ocular involvement and other symptoms. […] The majority of patients with HCL are asymptomatic at diagnosis and the disease is usually found incidentally during routine blood cell counts. The typical clinical presentation of classic HCL involves pancytopenia, monocytopenia, splenomegaly, constitutional symptoms and increased risk of infection.

• #95 Hairy Cell Leukemia-Variant: Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment

  https://www.healthline.com/health/leukemia/hairy-cell-leukemia-variant

  The symptoms of HCL-V are the same as the symptoms of classic HCL. […] Because HCL-V is often a chronic condition, you might notice the symptoms slowly over time, or may even have no symptoms at all. […] Common symptoms of HCL-V include: swollen abdomen, pain or fullness in your abdomen, frequent infections, feeling tired or weak, shortness of breath, bruising or bleeding. […] These symptoms can be caused by many conditions. If you have these symptoms, it doesn’t necessarily mean you have HCL-V or even cancer. Only a healthcare professional can say for certain, so if you’re experiencing these symptoms, be sure to meet with a doctor for an evaluation.

• #96 Hairy Cell Leukemia-Variant: Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment

  https://www.healthline.com/health/leukemia/hairy-cell-leukemia-variant

  The symptoms of HCL-V are the same as the symptoms of classic HCL. […] Because HCL-V is often a chronic condition, you might notice the symptoms slowly over time, or may even have no symptoms at all. […] Common symptoms of HCL-V include: swollen abdomen, pain or fullness in your abdomen, frequent infections, feeling tired or weak, shortness of breath, bruising or bleeding. […] These symptoms can be caused by many conditions. If you have these symptoms, it doesn’t necessarily mean you have HCL-V or even cancer. Only a healthcare professional can say for certain, so if you’re experiencing these symptoms, be sure to meet with a doctor for an evaluation.

• #97 Hairy Cell Leukaemia, HCL – symptoms, causes and treatment alternatives | CANCERactive

  https://www.canceractive.com/article/hairy-cell-leukaemia,-hcl

  HCL is a very rare blood cancer, and less than 2% of all leukemias. It is more common in men between the ages of 40 and 60. In HCL one type of lymphocyte the B-lymphocyte, which has hair-like growths on its surface when viewed under a microscope is over produced. These cells slowly build up a presence in the spleen and the spleen gets bigger. The bigger spleen may then draw red blood cells into it from the blood stream resulting in more enlargement and a greater imbalance in the blood. […] Typical symptoms are: low blood cell counts, frequent infections, bleeding/bruising, or fatigue. This cancer is often classed as a sub-type of CLL, Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. Generally, the outward symptoms can include tiredness and chronic fatigue, frequent infections and/or pain below the ribs. […] Indeed, if the cancer has not caused problems in the first two years, oncologists expect the patient to live as long as the general population. […] Sadly, some younger patients develop a form of HCL, which is treatment resistant.

• #98 Hairy Cell Leukaemia, HCL – symptoms, causes and treatment alternatives | CANCERactive

  https://www.canceractive.com/article/hairy-cell-leukaemia,-hcl

  HCL is a very rare blood cancer, and less than 2% of all leukemias. It is more common in men between the ages of 40 and 60. In HCL one type of lymphocyte the B-lymphocyte, which has hair-like growths on its surface when viewed under a microscope is over produced. These cells slowly build up a presence in the spleen and the spleen gets bigger. The bigger spleen may then draw red blood cells into it from the blood stream resulting in more enlargement and a greater imbalance in the blood. […] Typical symptoms are: low blood cell counts, frequent infections, bleeding/bruising, or fatigue. This cancer is often classed as a sub-type of CLL, Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. Generally, the outward symptoms can include tiredness and chronic fatigue, frequent infections and/or pain below the ribs. […] Indeed, if the cancer has not caused problems in the first two years, oncologists expect the patient to live as long as the general population. […] Sadly, some younger patients develop a form of HCL, which is treatment resistant.

• #99 About Hairy Cell Leukemia (HCL) | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center

  https://www.mskcc.org/cancer-care/types/leukemias/types/about-hairy-cell-leukemia-hcl

  Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is a rare chronic leukemia in adults. Around 1,000 people in the United States develop HCL each year, according to the World Health Organization. The average age at diagnosis is 52. HCL is more common in men than in women. There is no clear evidence that HCL runs in families or is caused by specific environmental factors. […] Some people with HCL do not have any symptoms. For them, HCL is typically diagnosed during an evaluation for a low blood count. Among those who do have symptoms, the most common causes are an enlarged spleen and a low blood count. […] An enlarged spleen doesnt always cause symptoms. However, when it does, they may include pain on the left side of the abdomen that can spread to the left shoulder or a feeling of being full for no reason (for example, after eating only a few bites of a meal). […] Common signs of a low blood count (a shortage of normal blood cells) can include the following: fevers, frequent infections, fatigue, loss of appetite, easy bruising or bleeding.

• #100 Hairy Cell Leukaemia, HCL – symptoms, causes and treatment alternatives | CANCERactive

  https://www.canceractive.com/article/hairy-cell-leukaemia,-hcl

  HCL is a very rare blood cancer, and less than 2% of all leukemias. It is more common in men between the ages of 40 and 60. In HCL one type of lymphocyte the B-lymphocyte, which has hair-like growths on its surface when viewed under a microscope is over produced. These cells slowly build up a presence in the spleen and the spleen gets bigger. The bigger spleen may then draw red blood cells into it from the blood stream resulting in more enlargement and a greater imbalance in the blood. […] Typical symptoms are: low blood cell counts, frequent infections, bleeding/bruising, or fatigue. This cancer is often classed as a sub-type of CLL, Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. Generally, the outward symptoms can include tiredness and chronic fatigue, frequent infections and/or pain below the ribs. […] Indeed, if the cancer has not caused problems in the first two years, oncologists expect the patient to live as long as the general population. […] Sadly, some younger patients develop a form of HCL, which is treatment resistant.

• #101 About Hairy Cell Leukemia (HCL) | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center

  https://www.mskcc.org/cancer-care/types/leukemias/types/about-hairy-cell-leukemia-hcl

  Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is a rare chronic leukemia in adults. Around 1,000 people in the United States develop HCL each year, according to the World Health Organization. The average age at diagnosis is 52. HCL is more common in men than in women. There is no clear evidence that HCL runs in families or is caused by specific environmental factors. […] Some people with HCL do not have any symptoms. For them, HCL is typically diagnosed during an evaluation for a low blood count. Among those who do have symptoms, the most common causes are an enlarged spleen and a low blood count. […] An enlarged spleen doesnt always cause symptoms. However, when it does, they may include pain on the left side of the abdomen that can spread to the left shoulder or a feeling of being full for no reason (for example, after eating only a few bites of a meal). […] Common signs of a low blood count (a shortage of normal blood cells) can include the following: fevers, frequent infections, fatigue, loss of appetite, easy bruising or bleeding.

• #102 About Hairy Cell Leukemia (HCL) | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center

  https://www.mskcc.org/cancer-care/types/leukemias/types/about-hairy-cell-leukemia-hcl

  Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is a rare chronic leukemia in adults. Around 1,000 people in the United States develop HCL each year, according to the World Health Organization. The average age at diagnosis is 52. HCL is more common in men than in women. There is no clear evidence that HCL runs in families or is caused by specific environmental factors. […] Some people with HCL do not have any symptoms. For them, HCL is typically diagnosed during an evaluation for a low blood count. Among those who do have symptoms, the most common causes are an enlarged spleen and a low blood count. […] An enlarged spleen doesnt always cause symptoms. However, when it does, they may include pain on the left side of the abdomen that can spread to the left shoulder or a feeling of being full for no reason (for example, after eating only a few bites of a meal). […] Common signs of a low blood count (a shortage of normal blood cells) can include the following: fevers, frequent infections, fatigue, loss of appetite, easy bruising or bleeding.

• #103 Pathology Outlines – Hairy cell leukemia

  https://www.pathologyoutlines.com/topic/lymphomahcl.html

  16 year old boy presented with hairy cell leukemia […] 41 year old man presented with unilateral sudden hearing loss as an initial manifestation of hairy cell leukemia […] Man in mid-60s presented with severe Legionnaires disease pneumonia associated with undiagnosed hairy cell leukemia […] 70 year old African American man with hairy cell leukemia presented with pancytopenia but without splenomegaly […] 72 year old man presented with coexisting chronic lymphocytic leukemia and hairy cell leukemia […] 74 year old woman presented with osteolytic lesions in a case of hairy cell leukemia mimicking multiple myeloma […] 79 year old man with relapsed hairy cell leukemia diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasound guided FNA.

• #104 Pathology Outlines – Hairy cell leukemia

  https://www.pathologyoutlines.com/topic/lymphomahcl.html

  16 year old boy presented with hairy cell leukemia […] 41 year old man presented with unilateral sudden hearing loss as an initial manifestation of hairy cell leukemia […] Man in mid-60s presented with severe Legionnaires disease pneumonia associated with undiagnosed hairy cell leukemia […] 70 year old African American man with hairy cell leukemia presented with pancytopenia but without splenomegaly […] 72 year old man presented with coexisting chronic lymphocytic leukemia and hairy cell leukemia […] 74 year old woman presented with osteolytic lesions in a case of hairy cell leukemia mimicking multiple myeloma […] 79 year old man with relapsed hairy cell leukemia diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasound guided FNA.

• #105 Pathology Outlines – Hairy cell leukemia

  https://www.pathologyoutlines.com/topic/lymphomahcl.html

  16 year old boy presented with hairy cell leukemia […] 41 year old man presented with unilateral sudden hearing loss as an initial manifestation of hairy cell leukemia […] Man in mid-60s presented with severe Legionnaires disease pneumonia associated with undiagnosed hairy cell leukemia […] 70 year old African American man with hairy cell leukemia presented with pancytopenia but without splenomegaly […] 72 year old man presented with coexisting chronic lymphocytic leukemia and hairy cell leukemia […] 74 year old woman presented with osteolytic lesions in a case of hairy cell leukemia mimicking multiple myeloma […] 79 year old man with relapsed hairy cell leukemia diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasound guided FNA.

• #106 Patient Stories — Hairy Cell Leukemia Foundation

  https://www.hairycellleukemia.org/stories

  The fear, the concern is always there with me, always in the back of my mind as to if it will come back and when. […] It’s very frustrating to suddenly be bedridden, or unable to be active or social. […] I had sudden hearing loss which led to me being referred to an ear, nose and throat consultant. The blood tests he conducted showed low count in white cells, red cells and platelets. […] I had been experiencing a lack of energy and extreme tiredness for quite some time. […] I felt increasingly ill for 3 years with neutropenia, fatigue and severe joint and bone pain. […] When I was first diagnosed, my symptoms were a raspy voice, an enlarged spleen, being exhausted all the time. Every single blood level was extremely abnormal. […] My blood counts were getting lower and lower so my general practitioner sent me to a hematologist to get further tests.

• #107 Pathology Outlines – Hairy cell leukemia

  https://www.pathologyoutlines.com/topic/lymphomahcl.html

  16 year old boy presented with hairy cell leukemia […] 41 year old man presented with unilateral sudden hearing loss as an initial manifestation of hairy cell leukemia […] Man in mid-60s presented with severe Legionnaires disease pneumonia associated with undiagnosed hairy cell leukemia […] 70 year old African American man with hairy cell leukemia presented with pancytopenia but without splenomegaly […] 72 year old man presented with coexisting chronic lymphocytic leukemia and hairy cell leukemia […] 74 year old woman presented with osteolytic lesions in a case of hairy cell leukemia mimicking multiple myeloma […] 79 year old man with relapsed hairy cell leukemia diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasound guided FNA.

• #108 Pathology Outlines – Hairy cell leukemia

  https://www.pathologyoutlines.com/topic/lymphomahcl.html

  16 year old boy presented with hairy cell leukemia […] 41 year old man presented with unilateral sudden hearing loss as an initial manifestation of hairy cell leukemia […] Man in mid-60s presented with severe Legionnaires disease pneumonia associated with undiagnosed hairy cell leukemia […] 70 year old African American man with hairy cell leukemia presented with pancytopenia but without splenomegaly […] 72 year old man presented with coexisting chronic lymphocytic leukemia and hairy cell leukemia […] 74 year old woman presented with osteolytic lesions in a case of hairy cell leukemia mimicking multiple myeloma […] 79 year old man with relapsed hairy cell leukemia diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasound guided FNA.

• #109 Pathology Outlines – Hairy cell leukemia

  https://www.pathologyoutlines.com/topic/lymphomahcl.html

  16 year old boy presented with hairy cell leukemia […] 41 year old man presented with unilateral sudden hearing loss as an initial manifestation of hairy cell leukemia […] Man in mid-60s presented with severe Legionnaires disease pneumonia associated with undiagnosed hairy cell leukemia […] 70 year old African American man with hairy cell leukemia presented with pancytopenia but without splenomegaly […] 72 year old man presented with coexisting chronic lymphocytic leukemia and hairy cell leukemia […] 74 year old woman presented with osteolytic lesions in a case of hairy cell leukemia mimicking multiple myeloma […] 79 year old man with relapsed hairy cell leukemia diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasound guided FNA.

• #110 Pathology Outlines – Hairy cell leukemia

  https://www.pathologyoutlines.com/topic/lymphomahcl.html

  16 year old boy presented with hairy cell leukemia […] 41 year old man presented with unilateral sudden hearing loss as an initial manifestation of hairy cell leukemia […] Man in mid-60s presented with severe Legionnaires disease pneumonia associated with undiagnosed hairy cell leukemia […] 70 year old African American man with hairy cell leukemia presented with pancytopenia but without splenomegaly […] 72 year old man presented with coexisting chronic lymphocytic leukemia and hairy cell leukemia […] 74 year old woman presented with osteolytic lesions in a case of hairy cell leukemia mimicking multiple myeloma […] 79 year old man with relapsed hairy cell leukemia diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasound guided FNA.

• #111 Rare Clinical Symptoms in Hairy Cell Leukemia: An Overview

  https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/16/17/3054

  In most patients, HCL is characterized by pancytopenia, splenomegaly and bone marrow infiltration. However, several other unusual symptoms of HCL are reported in the literature. These include extramedullary and extranodal manifestations of classic HCL in various organs including the skin, bones, central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, heart, kidney, liver, lung and ocular system.

• #112 Patient Stories — Hairy Cell Leukemia Foundation

  https://www.hairycellleukemia.org/stories

  Hairy cell leukemia was described to us as, if you have to have a leukemia this is the best one to have. However I don’t think we were prepared for all of my white cells to be depleted from my system and feeling as if I had no energy or strength in my body. My advice to other patients would be to stay positive. There is a light at the end of the tunnel. Cancer is an education that you really don’t want to get, however read up on everything and anything you can about the disease. You may hit rock bottom with your blood count numbers, but they will eventually start rising and you will feel better. […] Don’t do that. Remember that people have been receiving effective treatment for HCL for decades and newer treatments are coming online all the time. On a practical level, remember that the disease and its treatment will lower your immunity for a while. As a result, I use hand sanitizer by the gallon and do what I can to avoid large crowds of people without completely cutting myself off from society.

• #113 Patient Stories — Hairy Cell Leukemia Foundation

  https://www.hairycellleukemia.org/stories

  Be aware that although the chemo is short, the lasting effects will make you tired for a long time. You may also suffer mentally and need to avoid as much stress as possible. […] I felt frightened as I was not expecting this so soon. Once I got over the initial reaction, I realized that I am very lucky to be dealing with a chronic leukemia that is manageable. […] The treatment is extremely successful. […] You may also suffer mentally and need to avoid as much stress as possible. […] I struggled with the question of why did this happen to me? […] Physically – Keep moving and get plenty of healthy food and vitamins. Spiritually – This is the best weapon against fear. […] I felt fortunate, that „it could have been worse.” […] I have friends that have had much more difficult ordeals with various cancers, months and months of chemotherapy and illness.

• #114 Patient Stories — Hairy Cell Leukemia Foundation

  https://www.hairycellleukemia.org/stories

  The fear, the concern is always there with me, always in the back of my mind as to if it will come back and when. […] It’s very frustrating to suddenly be bedridden, or unable to be active or social. […] I had sudden hearing loss which led to me being referred to an ear, nose and throat consultant. The blood tests he conducted showed low count in white cells, red cells and platelets. […] I had been experiencing a lack of energy and extreme tiredness for quite some time. […] I felt increasingly ill for 3 years with neutropenia, fatigue and severe joint and bone pain. […] When I was first diagnosed, my symptoms were a raspy voice, an enlarged spleen, being exhausted all the time. Every single blood level was extremely abnormal. […] My blood counts were getting lower and lower so my general practitioner sent me to a hematologist to get further tests.

• #115 Patient Stories — Hairy Cell Leukemia Foundation

  https://www.hairycellleukemia.org/stories

  Be aware that although the chemo is short, the lasting effects will make you tired for a long time. You may also suffer mentally and need to avoid as much stress as possible. […] I felt frightened as I was not expecting this so soon. Once I got over the initial reaction, I realized that I am very lucky to be dealing with a chronic leukemia that is manageable. […] The treatment is extremely successful. […] You may also suffer mentally and need to avoid as much stress as possible. […] I struggled with the question of why did this happen to me? […] Physically – Keep moving and get plenty of healthy food and vitamins. Spiritually – This is the best weapon against fear. […] I felt fortunate, that „it could have been worse.” […] I have friends that have had much more difficult ordeals with various cancers, months and months of chemotherapy and illness.

• #116 Patient Stories — Hairy Cell Leukemia Foundation

  https://www.hairycellleukemia.org/stories

  The fear, the concern is always there with me, always in the back of my mind as to if it will come back and when. […] It’s very frustrating to suddenly be bedridden, or unable to be active or social. […] I had sudden hearing loss which led to me being referred to an ear, nose and throat consultant. The blood tests he conducted showed low count in white cells, red cells and platelets. […] I had been experiencing a lack of energy and extreme tiredness for quite some time. […] I felt increasingly ill for 3 years with neutropenia, fatigue and severe joint and bone pain. […] When I was first diagnosed, my symptoms were a raspy voice, an enlarged spleen, being exhausted all the time. Every single blood level was extremely abnormal. […] My blood counts were getting lower and lower so my general practitioner sent me to a hematologist to get further tests.

• #117 Patient Stories — Hairy Cell Leukemia Foundation

  https://www.hairycellleukemia.org/stories

  Hairy cell leukemia was described to us as, if you have to have a leukemia this is the best one to have. However I don’t think we were prepared for all of my white cells to be depleted from my system and feeling as if I had no energy or strength in my body. My advice to other patients would be to stay positive. There is a light at the end of the tunnel. Cancer is an education that you really don’t want to get, however read up on everything and anything you can about the disease. You may hit rock bottom with your blood count numbers, but they will eventually start rising and you will feel better. […] Don’t do that. Remember that people have been receiving effective treatment for HCL for decades and newer treatments are coming online all the time. On a practical level, remember that the disease and its treatment will lower your immunity for a while. As a result, I use hand sanitizer by the gallon and do what I can to avoid large crowds of people without completely cutting myself off from society.

• #118 Patient Stories — Hairy Cell Leukemia Foundation

  https://www.hairycellleukemia.org/stories

  The fear, the concern is always there with me, always in the back of my mind as to if it will come back and when. […] It’s very frustrating to suddenly be bedridden, or unable to be active or social. […] I had sudden hearing loss which led to me being referred to an ear, nose and throat consultant. The blood tests he conducted showed low count in white cells, red cells and platelets. […] I had been experiencing a lack of energy and extreme tiredness for quite some time. […] I felt increasingly ill for 3 years with neutropenia, fatigue and severe joint and bone pain. […] When I was first diagnosed, my symptoms were a raspy voice, an enlarged spleen, being exhausted all the time. Every single blood level was extremely abnormal. […] My blood counts were getting lower and lower so my general practitioner sent me to a hematologist to get further tests.

• #119 Patient Stories — Hairy Cell Leukemia Foundation

  https://www.hairycellleukemia.org/stories

  Hairy cell leukemia was described to us as, if you have to have a leukemia this is the best one to have. However I don’t think we were prepared for all of my white cells to be depleted from my system and feeling as if I had no energy or strength in my body. My advice to other patients would be to stay positive. There is a light at the end of the tunnel. Cancer is an education that you really don’t want to get, however read up on everything and anything you can about the disease. You may hit rock bottom with your blood count numbers, but they will eventually start rising and you will feel better. […] Don’t do that. Remember that people have been receiving effective treatment for HCL for decades and newer treatments are coming online all the time. On a practical level, remember that the disease and its treatment will lower your immunity for a while. As a result, I use hand sanitizer by the gallon and do what I can to avoid large crowds of people without completely cutting myself off from society.

• #120 Patient Stories — Hairy Cell Leukemia Foundation

  https://www.hairycellleukemia.org/stories

  Be aware that although the chemo is short, the lasting effects will make you tired for a long time. You may also suffer mentally and need to avoid as much stress as possible. […] I felt frightened as I was not expecting this so soon. Once I got over the initial reaction, I realized that I am very lucky to be dealing with a chronic leukemia that is manageable. […] The treatment is extremely successful. […] You may also suffer mentally and need to avoid as much stress as possible. […] I struggled with the question of why did this happen to me? […] Physically – Keep moving and get plenty of healthy food and vitamins. Spiritually – This is the best weapon against fear. […] I felt fortunate, that „it could have been worse.” […] I have friends that have had much more difficult ordeals with various cancers, months and months of chemotherapy and illness.

• #121 Patient Stories — Hairy Cell Leukemia Foundation

  https://www.hairycellleukemia.org/stories

  Be aware that although the chemo is short, the lasting effects will make you tired for a long time. You may also suffer mentally and need to avoid as much stress as possible. […] I felt frightened as I was not expecting this so soon. Once I got over the initial reaction, I realized that I am very lucky to be dealing with a chronic leukemia that is manageable. […] The treatment is extremely successful. […] You may also suffer mentally and need to avoid as much stress as possible. […] I struggled with the question of why did this happen to me? […] Physically – Keep moving and get plenty of healthy food and vitamins. Spiritually – This is the best weapon against fear. […] I felt fortunate, that „it could have been worse.” […] I have friends that have had much more difficult ordeals with various cancers, months and months of chemotherapy and illness.

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