Materiały źródłowe

• #1 What Causes Constipation? | Aetna Medicare

  https://www.aetna.com/medicare/compare-plans-enroll/medicare-advantage-dsnp-plans/constipation-causes.html

  No, constipation isnt just one of those things you have to live with as you get older. […] About 16 percent of American adults have problems with constipation. And that number rises to 33 percent after age 60. […] Constipation in a young and healthy person can lead to a very different set of differential diagnoses than in an older person, says Jill Deutsch, M.D. […] We want to make sure constipation is not caused by something like a bowel obstruction, motility disorder or even colon cancer. Other medical problems, such as a stroke or diabetes, can also cause constipation. These conditions can affect the muscles or nerves you use when you have a bowel movement. […] But once youve been checked out to make sure nothing is physically wrong, there are a few common culprits that can trigger constipation.

• #2 Constipation: What Is It, What Causes It, and How to Treat It | Brown University Health

  https://www.brownhealth.org/be-well/constipation-what-it-what-causes-it-and-how-treat-it

  Not drinking enough water, a lack of fiber from the foods you eat, and inadequate exercise are the most common causes of constipation. […] Many medications taken for other conditions cause constipation as a side effect as well. […] Chronic constipation can mean different things. For some individuals, it is defined by having infrequent bowel movements for weeks at a time. For others, it means straining or having difficulty passing stool. Approximately 20 percent of adults have chronic constipation. In adults over 60, it occurs more often, affecting about 33 percent of people. It is important to note that women are one and a half times more likely to have constipation than men.

• #3 Constipation: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/184704-overview

  Constipation is a symptom rather than a disease, generally defined as when bowel movements occur three or fewer times a week and are difficult to pass. […] The etiology of constipation is usually multifactorial, but it can be broadly divided into two main groups: primary constipation and secondary constipation. […] Primary (idiopathic, functional) constipation can generally be subdivided into the following three types: Normal-transit constipation (NTC), Slow-transit constipation (STC), Pelvic floor dysfunction (ie, pelvic floor dyssynergia). […] Dietary issues that may cause constipation include inadequate water intake; inadequate fiber intake; overuse of coffee, tea, or alcohol; a recent change in bowel habit paralleled by changes in the diet; and ignoring the urge to defecate. […] Structural causes of secondary constipation include anal fissures, thrombosed hemorrhoids, colonic strictures, obstructing tumors, volvulus, and idiopathic megarectum.

• #4 Constipation: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/184704-overview

  Constipation is a symptom rather than a disease, generally defined as when bowel movements occur three or fewer times a week and are difficult to pass. […] The etiology of constipation is usually multifactorial, but it can be broadly divided into two main groups: primary constipation and secondary constipation. […] Primary (idiopathic, functional) constipation can generally be subdivided into the following three types: Normal-transit constipation (NTC), Slow-transit constipation (STC), Pelvic floor dysfunction (ie, pelvic floor dyssynergia). […] Dietary issues that may cause constipation include inadequate water intake; inadequate fiber intake; overuse of coffee, tea, or alcohol; a recent change in bowel habit paralleled by changes in the diet; and ignoring the urge to defecate. […] Structural causes of secondary constipation include anal fissures, thrombosed hemorrhoids, colonic strictures, obstructing tumors, volvulus, and idiopathic megarectum.

• #5 Diagnostic Approach to Chronic Constipation in Adults | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2011/0801/p299.html

  Constipation is traditionally defined as three or fewer bowel movements per week. Risk factors for constipation include female sex, older age, inactivity, low caloric intake, low-fiber diet, low income, low educational level, and taking a large number of medications. Chronic constipation is classified as functional (primary) or secondary. Possible causes of secondary chronic constipation include medication use, as well as medical conditions, such as hypothyroidism or irritable bowel syndrome. […] Chronic constipation can be divided into two categories: functional (primary) and secondary. Functional constipation is defined by the Rome III diagnostic criteria and can be further divided into normal transit, slow transit, and outlet constipation. Secondary constipation is caused by medical conditions or medication use.

• #6 Constipation – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/constipation/symptoms-causes/syc-20354253

  Constipation is fairly common. A lack of dietary fiber, fluids and exercise can cause constipation. But other medical conditions or certain medicines may be the cause. […] In general, constipation occurs when stool moves too slowly through the large intestine, also called the colon. If the stool moves slowly, the body absorbs too much water from the stool. The stool can become hard, dry and difficult to pass. […] Slow stool movement may happen when a person does not: Drink enough fluids. Eat enough dietary fiber. Exercise regularly. Use the toilet when there’s an urge to pass stool. […] Constipation may be a side effect of some medicines, particularly opioid pain relievers. Other medicines that may cause constipation include some that treat the following conditions: Pain. High blood pressure. Seizures. Depression. Disorders of the nervous system. Allergies.

• #7 Chronic Constipation | Gastroenterology | University of Utah Health

  https://healthcare.utah.edu/gi/conditions/chronic-constipation

  Constipation occurs when stool moves too slowly through your large intestine (colon). When the stool moves slowly, your body absorbs too much water from the stool. This can make the stool hard and dry. […] The most common cause of chronic constipation is evacuation disorder, or pelvic floor dysfunction. This disorder is caused by poor bowel training or habits that prevent muscles from relaxing properly. […] Constipation can be caused by many things. Lifestyle, medical conditions, and medication can all play a part in causing constipation. […] There are several medical conditions that may cause constipation: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), colorectal cancer, diabetes, hypothyroidism (under active thyroid), multiple sclerosis, neurological conditions, Parkinson’s disease, pregnancy, eating disorders. […] A common side effect of medication is constipation. Many medications may cause constipation: allergy medications, antidepressants, anti-seizure medications, high blood pressure medication, pain relievers including opioids.

• #8 Constipation Causes | Stanford Health Care

  https://stanfordhealthcare.org/medical-conditions/primary-care/constipation/causes.html

  Constipation is caused by excess water absorption in the colon (also known as the large intestine). As food moves through the colon, water is absorbed and stool is formed. If food moves too slowly through the colon, too much water will be absorbed, resulting in hard, dry stool. Constipation can be caused by a number of different factors including: […] Constipation may be caused by dietary factors including: […] Certain habits or changes in your life may cause constipation: […] Medications and other conditions may cause constipation:

• #9 Constipation: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/184704-overview

  Constipation is a symptom rather than a disease, generally defined as when bowel movements occur three or fewer times a week and are difficult to pass. […] The etiology of constipation is usually multifactorial, but it can be broadly divided into two main groups: primary constipation and secondary constipation. […] Primary (idiopathic, functional) constipation can generally be subdivided into the following three types: Normal-transit constipation (NTC), Slow-transit constipation (STC), Pelvic floor dysfunction (ie, pelvic floor dyssynergia). […] Dietary issues that may cause constipation include inadequate water intake; inadequate fiber intake; overuse of coffee, tea, or alcohol; a recent change in bowel habit paralleled by changes in the diet; and ignoring the urge to defecate. […] Structural causes of secondary constipation include anal fissures, thrombosed hemorrhoids, colonic strictures, obstructing tumors, volvulus, and idiopathic megarectum.

• #10 Diagnostic Approach to Chronic Constipation in Adults | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2011/0801/p299.html

  A study using data from a general practice research database of more than 20,000 persons in the United Kingdom found that female sex, older age, multiple sclerosis, parkinsonism, and dementia were associated with constipation. The medications most strongly associated with constipation included aluminum-containing antacids, diuretics, opioids, antidepressants, antispasmodics, and anticonvulsants. […] Normal transit constipation is defined as a perception of constipation on patient self-report; however, stool movement is normal throughout the colon. Slow transit constipation is defined as prolonged transit time through the colon. Outlet constipation, also known as pelvic floor dysfunction, is defined as incoordination of the muscles of the pelvic floor during attempted evacuation. […] Other causes of functional constipation in older adults may result from autonomic neuropathies, such as diabetes mellitus and Parkinson disease, or from use of medications, such as opioids and anticholinergics.

• #11 Constipation: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/184704-overview

  Constipation is a symptom rather than a disease, generally defined as when bowel movements occur three or fewer times a week and are difficult to pass. […] The etiology of constipation is usually multifactorial, but it can be broadly divided into two main groups: primary constipation and secondary constipation. […] Primary (idiopathic, functional) constipation can generally be subdivided into the following three types: Normal-transit constipation (NTC), Slow-transit constipation (STC), Pelvic floor dysfunction (ie, pelvic floor dyssynergia). […] Dietary issues that may cause constipation include inadequate water intake; inadequate fiber intake; overuse of coffee, tea, or alcohol; a recent change in bowel habit paralleled by changes in the diet; and ignoring the urge to defecate. […] Structural causes of secondary constipation include anal fissures, thrombosed hemorrhoids, colonic strictures, obstructing tumors, volvulus, and idiopathic megarectum.

• #12 Chronic Constipation – UCLA G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience

  https://uclacns.org/patients/disease-information/chronic-constipation/

  In slow-transit constipation, passage of stool through the colon is slower than normal. Defectory disorders that can cause constipation include dyssynergic defecation, rectal prolapse (protrusion of rectal tissue through the anal opening), and rectocele (outpouching of the rectum). […] In dyssynergic dysfunction, also referred to as pelvic floor dysfunction or anismus, there is ineffective coordination of the pelvic floor, abdominal, rectal, and anal sphincter musculature in the evacuation mechanism.

• #13 Constipation: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/184704-overview

  Constipation is a symptom rather than a disease, generally defined as when bowel movements occur three or fewer times a week and are difficult to pass. […] The etiology of constipation is usually multifactorial, but it can be broadly divided into two main groups: primary constipation and secondary constipation. […] Primary (idiopathic, functional) constipation can generally be subdivided into the following three types: Normal-transit constipation (NTC), Slow-transit constipation (STC), Pelvic floor dysfunction (ie, pelvic floor dyssynergia). […] Dietary issues that may cause constipation include inadequate water intake; inadequate fiber intake; overuse of coffee, tea, or alcohol; a recent change in bowel habit paralleled by changes in the diet; and ignoring the urge to defecate. […] Structural causes of secondary constipation include anal fissures, thrombosed hemorrhoids, colonic strictures, obstructing tumors, volvulus, and idiopathic megarectum.

• #14 Chronic Constipation – UCLA G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience

  https://uclacns.org/patients/disease-information/chronic-constipation/

  In slow-transit constipation, passage of stool through the colon is slower than normal. Defectory disorders that can cause constipation include dyssynergic defecation, rectal prolapse (protrusion of rectal tissue through the anal opening), and rectocele (outpouching of the rectum). […] In dyssynergic dysfunction, also referred to as pelvic floor dysfunction or anismus, there is ineffective coordination of the pelvic floor, abdominal, rectal, and anal sphincter musculature in the evacuation mechanism.

• #15 Chronic Constipation – UCLA G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience

  https://uclacns.org/patients/disease-information/chronic-constipation/

  In slow-transit constipation, passage of stool through the colon is slower than normal. Defectory disorders that can cause constipation include dyssynergic defecation, rectal prolapse (protrusion of rectal tissue through the anal opening), and rectocele (outpouching of the rectum). […] In dyssynergic dysfunction, also referred to as pelvic floor dysfunction or anismus, there is ineffective coordination of the pelvic floor, abdominal, rectal, and anal sphincter musculature in the evacuation mechanism.

• #16 Constipation: Symptoms & Causes

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/4059-constipation

  Constipation happens because your colon (large intestine) absorbs too much water from your poop. This dries out your poop, making it hard in consistency and difficult to push out of your body. […] There are many causes of constipation, including lifestyle factors, medications and medical conditions. […] Common lifestyle causes of constipation include: Not eating enough fiber. Not drinking enough water (dehydration). Not getting enough exercise. Changes in your regular routine, such as traveling or eating, or going to bed at different times. Consuming large amounts of milk or cheese. Stress. Resisting the urge to have a bowel movement. […] Medications that can cause constipation include: Strong pain medicines, like narcotics containing codeine, oxycodone (Oxycontin) and hydromorphone (Dilaudid). Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), like ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) and naproxen (Aleve). Antidepressants, including selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (like fluoxetine [Prozac]) or tricyclic antidepressants (like amitriptyline [Elavil]). Antacids containing calcium or aluminum, such as Tums. Iron pills. Allergy medications, such as antihistamines (like diphenhydramine [Benadryl]). Certain blood pressure medicines, including calcium channel blockers (like verapamil [Calan SR], diltiazem [Cardizem] and nifedipine [Procardia]) and beta-blockers (like atenolol [Tenormin]). Psychiatric medications, like clozapine (Clozaril) and olanzapine (Zyprexa). Antiseizure medications, such as phenytoin and gabapentin. Antinausea medications, like ondansetron (Zofran).

• #17 Causes of constipation | Coping physically | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/coping/physically/bowel-problems/types/constipation/causes

  A tumour that presses on the nerves in your spinal cord can slow down or stop the movement of your bowel. This causes constipation. […] Constipation can be a side effect of many types of drugs. […] The most common drugs to cause constipation in people with cancer are: painkillers, especially morphine based drugs (opioids); anti sickness medicines. […] If you eat plenty of foods high in fibre you’re less likely to become constipated. […] You can become dehydrated and begin to have problems with constipation if you dont drink enough. […] Not getting much daily exercise can reduce muscle tone in your tummy (abdomen) and bowel. This slows down the movement of poo through your gut. […] As we get older, the way our bowels work tends to change. This might be due to being less active or changes to your diet. So there is a higher risk of constipation. […] Research has shown people who ignore the urge to open their bowels are more at risk of constipation. […] People with cancer may suffer from depression and anxiety. These conditions can sometimes lead to constipation. […] Many medical conditions, other than cancer, can cause constipation.

• #18 Constipation: Symptoms & Causes

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/4059-constipation

  Constipation happens because your colon (large intestine) absorbs too much water from your poop. This dries out your poop, making it hard in consistency and difficult to push out of your body. […] There are many causes of constipation, including lifestyle factors, medications and medical conditions. […] Common lifestyle causes of constipation include: Not eating enough fiber. Not drinking enough water (dehydration). Not getting enough exercise. Changes in your regular routine, such as traveling or eating, or going to bed at different times. Consuming large amounts of milk or cheese. Stress. Resisting the urge to have a bowel movement. […] Medications that can cause constipation include: Strong pain medicines, like narcotics containing codeine, oxycodone (Oxycontin) and hydromorphone (Dilaudid). Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), like ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) and naproxen (Aleve). Antidepressants, including selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (like fluoxetine [Prozac]) or tricyclic antidepressants (like amitriptyline [Elavil]). Antacids containing calcium or aluminum, such as Tums. Iron pills. Allergy medications, such as antihistamines (like diphenhydramine [Benadryl]). Certain blood pressure medicines, including calcium channel blockers (like verapamil [Calan SR], diltiazem [Cardizem] and nifedipine [Procardia]) and beta-blockers (like atenolol [Tenormin]). Psychiatric medications, like clozapine (Clozaril) and olanzapine (Zyprexa). Antiseizure medications, such as phenytoin and gabapentin. Antinausea medications, like ondansetron (Zofran).

• #19 Constipation: Symptoms & Causes

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/4059-constipation

  Constipation happens because your colon (large intestine) absorbs too much water from your poop. This dries out your poop, making it hard in consistency and difficult to push out of your body. […] There are many causes of constipation, including lifestyle factors, medications and medical conditions. […] Common lifestyle causes of constipation include: Not eating enough fiber. Not drinking enough water (dehydration). Not getting enough exercise. Changes in your regular routine, such as traveling or eating, or going to bed at different times. Consuming large amounts of milk or cheese. Stress. Resisting the urge to have a bowel movement. […] Medications that can cause constipation include: Strong pain medicines, like narcotics containing codeine, oxycodone (Oxycontin) and hydromorphone (Dilaudid). Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), like ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) and naproxen (Aleve). Antidepressants, including selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (like fluoxetine [Prozac]) or tricyclic antidepressants (like amitriptyline [Elavil]). Antacids containing calcium or aluminum, such as Tums. Iron pills. Allergy medications, such as antihistamines (like diphenhydramine [Benadryl]). Certain blood pressure medicines, including calcium channel blockers (like verapamil [Calan SR], diltiazem [Cardizem] and nifedipine [Procardia]) and beta-blockers (like atenolol [Tenormin]). Psychiatric medications, like clozapine (Clozaril) and olanzapine (Zyprexa). Antiseizure medications, such as phenytoin and gabapentin. Antinausea medications, like ondansetron (Zofran).

• #20 Constipation: Symptoms & Causes

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/4059-constipation

  Constipation happens because your colon (large intestine) absorbs too much water from your poop. This dries out your poop, making it hard in consistency and difficult to push out of your body. […] There are many causes of constipation, including lifestyle factors, medications and medical conditions. […] Common lifestyle causes of constipation include: Not eating enough fiber. Not drinking enough water (dehydration). Not getting enough exercise. Changes in your regular routine, such as traveling or eating, or going to bed at different times. Consuming large amounts of milk or cheese. Stress. Resisting the urge to have a bowel movement. […] Medications that can cause constipation include: Strong pain medicines, like narcotics containing codeine, oxycodone (Oxycontin) and hydromorphone (Dilaudid). Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), like ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) and naproxen (Aleve). Antidepressants, including selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (like fluoxetine [Prozac]) or tricyclic antidepressants (like amitriptyline [Elavil]). Antacids containing calcium or aluminum, such as Tums. Iron pills. Allergy medications, such as antihistamines (like diphenhydramine [Benadryl]). Certain blood pressure medicines, including calcium channel blockers (like verapamil [Calan SR], diltiazem [Cardizem] and nifedipine [Procardia]) and beta-blockers (like atenolol [Tenormin]). Psychiatric medications, like clozapine (Clozaril) and olanzapine (Zyprexa). Antiseizure medications, such as phenytoin and gabapentin. Antinausea medications, like ondansetron (Zofran).

• #21 Constipation: Symptoms & Causes

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/4059-constipation

  Constipation happens because your colon (large intestine) absorbs too much water from your poop. This dries out your poop, making it hard in consistency and difficult to push out of your body. […] There are many causes of constipation, including lifestyle factors, medications and medical conditions. […] Common lifestyle causes of constipation include: Not eating enough fiber. Not drinking enough water (dehydration). Not getting enough exercise. Changes in your regular routine, such as traveling or eating, or going to bed at different times. Consuming large amounts of milk or cheese. Stress. Resisting the urge to have a bowel movement. […] Medications that can cause constipation include: Strong pain medicines, like narcotics containing codeine, oxycodone (Oxycontin) and hydromorphone (Dilaudid). Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), like ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) and naproxen (Aleve). Antidepressants, including selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (like fluoxetine [Prozac]) or tricyclic antidepressants (like amitriptyline [Elavil]). Antacids containing calcium or aluminum, such as Tums. Iron pills. Allergy medications, such as antihistamines (like diphenhydramine [Benadryl]). Certain blood pressure medicines, including calcium channel blockers (like verapamil [Calan SR], diltiazem [Cardizem] and nifedipine [Procardia]) and beta-blockers (like atenolol [Tenormin]). Psychiatric medications, like clozapine (Clozaril) and olanzapine (Zyprexa). Antiseizure medications, such as phenytoin and gabapentin. Antinausea medications, like ondansetron (Zofran).

• #22 Constipation: Symptoms & Causes

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/4059-constipation

  Constipation happens because your colon (large intestine) absorbs too much water from your poop. This dries out your poop, making it hard in consistency and difficult to push out of your body. […] There are many causes of constipation, including lifestyle factors, medications and medical conditions. […] Common lifestyle causes of constipation include: Not eating enough fiber. Not drinking enough water (dehydration). Not getting enough exercise. Changes in your regular routine, such as traveling or eating, or going to bed at different times. Consuming large amounts of milk or cheese. Stress. Resisting the urge to have a bowel movement. […] Medications that can cause constipation include: Strong pain medicines, like narcotics containing codeine, oxycodone (Oxycontin) and hydromorphone (Dilaudid). Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), like ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) and naproxen (Aleve). Antidepressants, including selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (like fluoxetine [Prozac]) or tricyclic antidepressants (like amitriptyline [Elavil]). Antacids containing calcium or aluminum, such as Tums. Iron pills. Allergy medications, such as antihistamines (like diphenhydramine [Benadryl]). Certain blood pressure medicines, including calcium channel blockers (like verapamil [Calan SR], diltiazem [Cardizem] and nifedipine [Procardia]) and beta-blockers (like atenolol [Tenormin]). Psychiatric medications, like clozapine (Clozaril) and olanzapine (Zyprexa). Antiseizure medications, such as phenytoin and gabapentin. Antinausea medications, like ondansetron (Zofran).

• #23 Constipation: Symptoms & Causes

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/4059-constipation

  Constipation happens because your colon (large intestine) absorbs too much water from your poop. This dries out your poop, making it hard in consistency and difficult to push out of your body. […] There are many causes of constipation, including lifestyle factors, medications and medical conditions. […] Common lifestyle causes of constipation include: Not eating enough fiber. Not drinking enough water (dehydration). Not getting enough exercise. Changes in your regular routine, such as traveling or eating, or going to bed at different times. Consuming large amounts of milk or cheese. Stress. Resisting the urge to have a bowel movement. […] Medications that can cause constipation include: Strong pain medicines, like narcotics containing codeine, oxycodone (Oxycontin) and hydromorphone (Dilaudid). Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), like ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) and naproxen (Aleve). Antidepressants, including selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (like fluoxetine [Prozac]) or tricyclic antidepressants (like amitriptyline [Elavil]). Antacids containing calcium or aluminum, such as Tums. Iron pills. Allergy medications, such as antihistamines (like diphenhydramine [Benadryl]). Certain blood pressure medicines, including calcium channel blockers (like verapamil [Calan SR], diltiazem [Cardizem] and nifedipine [Procardia]) and beta-blockers (like atenolol [Tenormin]). Psychiatric medications, like clozapine (Clozaril) and olanzapine (Zyprexa). Antiseizure medications, such as phenytoin and gabapentin. Antinausea medications, like ondansetron (Zofran).

• #24 Constipation: Symptoms & Causes

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/4059-constipation

  Constipation happens because your colon (large intestine) absorbs too much water from your poop. This dries out your poop, making it hard in consistency and difficult to push out of your body. […] There are many causes of constipation, including lifestyle factors, medications and medical conditions. […] Common lifestyle causes of constipation include: Not eating enough fiber. Not drinking enough water (dehydration). Not getting enough exercise. Changes in your regular routine, such as traveling or eating, or going to bed at different times. Consuming large amounts of milk or cheese. Stress. Resisting the urge to have a bowel movement. […] Medications that can cause constipation include: Strong pain medicines, like narcotics containing codeine, oxycodone (Oxycontin) and hydromorphone (Dilaudid). Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), like ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) and naproxen (Aleve). Antidepressants, including selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (like fluoxetine [Prozac]) or tricyclic antidepressants (like amitriptyline [Elavil]). Antacids containing calcium or aluminum, such as Tums. Iron pills. Allergy medications, such as antihistamines (like diphenhydramine [Benadryl]). Certain blood pressure medicines, including calcium channel blockers (like verapamil [Calan SR], diltiazem [Cardizem] and nifedipine [Procardia]) and beta-blockers (like atenolol [Tenormin]). Psychiatric medications, like clozapine (Clozaril) and olanzapine (Zyprexa). Antiseizure medications, such as phenytoin and gabapentin. Antinausea medications, like ondansetron (Zofran).

• #25 Constipation: Symptoms & Causes

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/4059-constipation

  Constipation happens because your colon (large intestine) absorbs too much water from your poop. This dries out your poop, making it hard in consistency and difficult to push out of your body. […] There are many causes of constipation, including lifestyle factors, medications and medical conditions. […] Common lifestyle causes of constipation include: Not eating enough fiber. Not drinking enough water (dehydration). Not getting enough exercise. Changes in your regular routine, such as traveling or eating, or going to bed at different times. Consuming large amounts of milk or cheese. Stress. Resisting the urge to have a bowel movement. […] Medications that can cause constipation include: Strong pain medicines, like narcotics containing codeine, oxycodone (Oxycontin) and hydromorphone (Dilaudid). Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), like ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) and naproxen (Aleve). Antidepressants, including selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (like fluoxetine [Prozac]) or tricyclic antidepressants (like amitriptyline [Elavil]). Antacids containing calcium or aluminum, such as Tums. Iron pills. Allergy medications, such as antihistamines (like diphenhydramine [Benadryl]). Certain blood pressure medicines, including calcium channel blockers (like verapamil [Calan SR], diltiazem [Cardizem] and nifedipine [Procardia]) and beta-blockers (like atenolol [Tenormin]). Psychiatric medications, like clozapine (Clozaril) and olanzapine (Zyprexa). Antiseizure medications, such as phenytoin and gabapentin. Antinausea medications, like ondansetron (Zofran).

• #26 Constipation: Symptoms & Causes

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/4059-constipation

  Constipation happens because your colon (large intestine) absorbs too much water from your poop. This dries out your poop, making it hard in consistency and difficult to push out of your body. […] There are many causes of constipation, including lifestyle factors, medications and medical conditions. […] Common lifestyle causes of constipation include: Not eating enough fiber. Not drinking enough water (dehydration). Not getting enough exercise. Changes in your regular routine, such as traveling or eating, or going to bed at different times. Consuming large amounts of milk or cheese. Stress. Resisting the urge to have a bowel movement. […] Medications that can cause constipation include: Strong pain medicines, like narcotics containing codeine, oxycodone (Oxycontin) and hydromorphone (Dilaudid). Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), like ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) and naproxen (Aleve). Antidepressants, including selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (like fluoxetine [Prozac]) or tricyclic antidepressants (like amitriptyline [Elavil]). Antacids containing calcium or aluminum, such as Tums. Iron pills. Allergy medications, such as antihistamines (like diphenhydramine [Benadryl]). Certain blood pressure medicines, including calcium channel blockers (like verapamil [Calan SR], diltiazem [Cardizem] and nifedipine [Procardia]) and beta-blockers (like atenolol [Tenormin]). Psychiatric medications, like clozapine (Clozaril) and olanzapine (Zyprexa). Antiseizure medications, such as phenytoin and gabapentin. Antinausea medications, like ondansetron (Zofran).

• #27 Diagnostic Approach to Chronic Constipation in Adults | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2011/0801/p299.html

  A study using data from a general practice research database of more than 20,000 persons in the United Kingdom found that female sex, older age, multiple sclerosis, parkinsonism, and dementia were associated with constipation. The medications most strongly associated with constipation included aluminum-containing antacids, diuretics, opioids, antidepressants, antispasmodics, and anticonvulsants. […] Normal transit constipation is defined as a perception of constipation on patient self-report; however, stool movement is normal throughout the colon. Slow transit constipation is defined as prolonged transit time through the colon. Outlet constipation, also known as pelvic floor dysfunction, is defined as incoordination of the muscles of the pelvic floor during attempted evacuation. […] Other causes of functional constipation in older adults may result from autonomic neuropathies, such as diabetes mellitus and Parkinson disease, or from use of medications, such as opioids and anticholinergics.

• #28 What Causes Constipation? | Aetna Medicare

  https://www.aetna.com/medicare/compare-plans-enroll/medicare-advantage-dsnp-plans/constipation-causes.html

  The first thing to do is see your doctor. […] As you get older, youre more likely to be taking a number of different medications. […] Some of the most common offenders include narcotic pain medicines, over the counter painkillers, antidepressants that are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), OTC antacids with calcium, OTC allergy or sleep medications, certain blood pressure medicines, seizure medications, and anti-nausea medications. […] If youre on any of these medications and have constipation, talk to your doctor, says Dr. Deutsch. […] I see many patients who walk into my office with a big bag of supplements, not understanding that some can cause constipation, says Dr. Chey. […] The two biggest offenders are calcium and iron, he says. Vitamin D in high doses may also cause you to get plugged up.

• #29

  https://www.prevention.com/health/a20465506/causes-of-constipation/

  Calcium and iron in particular have been known to trigger constipation. „Iron and calcium are bindingthey make everything stick together,” Levine says. […] „During pregnancy, the hormone progesterone relaxes the smooth muscles in the bowel, so it moves more slowly,” Levine explains. The bowel also bears the weight of your growing uterus. „The uterus sits on the bowel, squishing it, so your stool is moving through a thinner pipeit’s going to travel more slowly,” Levine adds. […] There’s little harm in taking a laxative once in a while, but daily use can lead to stoppage. Especially troublesome are the type that work by stimulating the nerves of the colon, such as Dulcolax, Ex-Lax, and Senna. „Over time, your muscles are not being used, so they can weaken,” explains Levine, and then they start to depend on the laxative effect.

• #30 What Causes Constipation? | Aetna Medicare

  https://www.aetna.com/medicare/compare-plans-enroll/medicare-advantage-dsnp-plans/constipation-causes.html

  The first thing to do is see your doctor. […] As you get older, youre more likely to be taking a number of different medications. […] Some of the most common offenders include narcotic pain medicines, over the counter painkillers, antidepressants that are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), OTC antacids with calcium, OTC allergy or sleep medications, certain blood pressure medicines, seizure medications, and anti-nausea medications. […] If youre on any of these medications and have constipation, talk to your doctor, says Dr. Deutsch. […] I see many patients who walk into my office with a big bag of supplements, not understanding that some can cause constipation, says Dr. Chey. […] The two biggest offenders are calcium and iron, he says. Vitamin D in high doses may also cause you to get plugged up.

• #31

  https://www.prevention.com/health/a20465506/causes-of-constipation/

  Calcium and iron in particular have been known to trigger constipation. „Iron and calcium are bindingthey make everything stick together,” Levine says. […] „During pregnancy, the hormone progesterone relaxes the smooth muscles in the bowel, so it moves more slowly,” Levine explains. The bowel also bears the weight of your growing uterus. „The uterus sits on the bowel, squishing it, so your stool is moving through a thinner pipeit’s going to travel more slowly,” Levine adds. […] There’s little harm in taking a laxative once in a while, but daily use can lead to stoppage. Especially troublesome are the type that work by stimulating the nerves of the colon, such as Dulcolax, Ex-Lax, and Senna. „Over time, your muscles are not being used, so they can weaken,” explains Levine, and then they start to depend on the laxative effect.

• #32 What Causes Constipation? | Aetna Medicare

  https://www.aetna.com/medicare/compare-plans-enroll/medicare-advantage-dsnp-plans/constipation-causes.html

  The first thing to do is see your doctor. […] As you get older, youre more likely to be taking a number of different medications. […] Some of the most common offenders include narcotic pain medicines, over the counter painkillers, antidepressants that are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), OTC antacids with calcium, OTC allergy or sleep medications, certain blood pressure medicines, seizure medications, and anti-nausea medications. […] If youre on any of these medications and have constipation, talk to your doctor, says Dr. Deutsch. […] I see many patients who walk into my office with a big bag of supplements, not understanding that some can cause constipation, says Dr. Chey. […] The two biggest offenders are calcium and iron, he says. Vitamin D in high doses may also cause you to get plugged up.

• #33 What Causes Constipation? | Aetna Medicare

  https://www.aetna.com/medicare/compare-plans-enroll/medicare-advantage-dsnp-plans/constipation-causes.html

  The first thing to do is see your doctor. […] As you get older, youre more likely to be taking a number of different medications. […] Some of the most common offenders include narcotic pain medicines, over the counter painkillers, antidepressants that are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), OTC antacids with calcium, OTC allergy or sleep medications, certain blood pressure medicines, seizure medications, and anti-nausea medications. […] If youre on any of these medications and have constipation, talk to your doctor, says Dr. Deutsch. […] I see many patients who walk into my office with a big bag of supplements, not understanding that some can cause constipation, says Dr. Chey. […] The two biggest offenders are calcium and iron, he says. Vitamin D in high doses may also cause you to get plugged up.

• #34 Constipation: Symptoms & Causes

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/4059-constipation

  Medical and health conditions that can cause constipation include: Endocrine conditions, like underactive thyroid gland (hypothyroidism), diabetes, uremia and hypercalcemia. Colorectal cancer. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Diverticulitis. Outlet dysfunction constipation. This is a defect in the coordination of your pelvic floor muscles. These muscles support the organs within your pelvis and lower abdomen. They’re needed to help release poop. Obstructed defecation syndrome. Complex or unexplained causes may be preventing you from pooping normally. Intestinal pseudo-obstruction. Sometimes, the motor system in your colon can become temporarily paralyzed (as in paralytic ileus or Ogilvie syndrome). Neurologic disorders, including spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease and stroke. Lazy bowel syndrome. This is when your colon contracts poorly and retains poop. Intestinal obstruction. Structural defects in your digestive tract (like fistula, colonic atresia, volvulus, intussusception, imperforate anus or malrotation). Multiple organ diseases, such as amyloidosis, lupus and scleroderma. Pregnancy.

• #35

  https://www.prevention.com/health/a20465506/causes-of-constipation/

  Some 1 in 4 Americans suffer a little backup in the old plumbing now and again, according to data from the National Institutes of Health. More often than not, your toilet trouble comes from lifestyle habits such as a low fiber diet, not drinking enough water, lack of exercise, and repeatedly blowing off the urge to go. But occasionally there’s a more surprising cause of constipation, which is defined as fewer than three bowel movements a week or ones that are hard, dry, small and painful, or difficult to pass. […] Hypothyroidism gets more common as we age, affecting some three million Americans, according to the Mayo Clinic. „The muscles in the intestinal tract slow down, causing the stool to travel through the colon at a slower pace,” Levine explains. „The longer a stool hangs out in the colon, the more water gets drained from it, making it harder and tougher to pass.”

• #36 8 Causes of Chronic Constipation You May Be Missing

  https://www.healthline.com/health/cic/what-your-gut-is-trying-to-tell-you

  Chronic constipation may be caused by many things, from IBS to depression. Identifying the cause is key to finding the best treatment for you. […] Poor diet and lack of physical activity are the most common causes of constipation, so its a good idea to rule these out first before looking into other causes. […] Chronic constipation could be a sign of the following conditions: […] When your thyroid, a small gland near at the front of your neck, fails to produce enough hormones, it can have a drastic impact on your metabolism. A sluggish metabolism results in a slowdown of the entire digestive process, which leads to constipation. […] The high blood sugar levels seen in type 1 and 2 diabetes can lead to diabetic neuropathy, or nerve damage. According to the Mayo Clinic, damage to the nerves controlling the digestive tract can lead to constipation.

• #37 Constipation – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK513291/

  Metabolic or endocrinologic disorders that cause constipation include hypokalemia, hypercalcemia, hypothyroidism, diabetes mellitus (DM), and diabetes insipidus. […] Other causes of constipation include celiac disease, cow milk protein allergy, cystic fibrosis, inflammatory bowel disease, and scleroderma.

• #38

  https://www.prevention.com/health/a20465506/causes-of-constipation/

  Calcium and iron in particular have been known to trigger constipation. „Iron and calcium are bindingthey make everything stick together,” Levine says. […] „During pregnancy, the hormone progesterone relaxes the smooth muscles in the bowel, so it moves more slowly,” Levine explains. The bowel also bears the weight of your growing uterus. „The uterus sits on the bowel, squishing it, so your stool is moving through a thinner pipeit’s going to travel more slowly,” Levine adds. […] There’s little harm in taking a laxative once in a while, but daily use can lead to stoppage. Especially troublesome are the type that work by stimulating the nerves of the colon, such as Dulcolax, Ex-Lax, and Senna. „Over time, your muscles are not being used, so they can weaken,” explains Levine, and then they start to depend on the laxative effect.

• #39 Chronic Constipation | Gastroenterology | University of Utah Health

  https://healthcare.utah.edu/gi/conditions/chronic-constipation

  Constipation occurs when stool moves too slowly through your large intestine (colon). When the stool moves slowly, your body absorbs too much water from the stool. This can make the stool hard and dry. […] The most common cause of chronic constipation is evacuation disorder, or pelvic floor dysfunction. This disorder is caused by poor bowel training or habits that prevent muscles from relaxing properly. […] Constipation can be caused by many things. Lifestyle, medical conditions, and medication can all play a part in causing constipation. […] There are several medical conditions that may cause constipation: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), colorectal cancer, diabetes, hypothyroidism (under active thyroid), multiple sclerosis, neurological conditions, Parkinson’s disease, pregnancy, eating disorders. […] A common side effect of medication is constipation. Many medications may cause constipation: allergy medications, antidepressants, anti-seizure medications, high blood pressure medication, pain relievers including opioids.

• #40 Constipation – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK513291/

  Metabolic or endocrinologic disorders that cause constipation include hypokalemia, hypercalcemia, hypothyroidism, diabetes mellitus (DM), and diabetes insipidus. […] Other causes of constipation include celiac disease, cow milk protein allergy, cystic fibrosis, inflammatory bowel disease, and scleroderma.

• #41 Constipation – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK513291/

  Metabolic or endocrinologic disorders that cause constipation include hypokalemia, hypercalcemia, hypothyroidism, diabetes mellitus (DM), and diabetes insipidus. […] Other causes of constipation include celiac disease, cow milk protein allergy, cystic fibrosis, inflammatory bowel disease, and scleroderma.

• #42 Constipation: Symptoms & Causes

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/4059-constipation

  Medical and health conditions that can cause constipation include: Endocrine conditions, like underactive thyroid gland (hypothyroidism), diabetes, uremia and hypercalcemia. Colorectal cancer. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Diverticulitis. Outlet dysfunction constipation. This is a defect in the coordination of your pelvic floor muscles. These muscles support the organs within your pelvis and lower abdomen. They’re needed to help release poop. Obstructed defecation syndrome. Complex or unexplained causes may be preventing you from pooping normally. Intestinal pseudo-obstruction. Sometimes, the motor system in your colon can become temporarily paralyzed (as in paralytic ileus or Ogilvie syndrome). Neurologic disorders, including spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease and stroke. Lazy bowel syndrome. This is when your colon contracts poorly and retains poop. Intestinal obstruction. Structural defects in your digestive tract (like fistula, colonic atresia, volvulus, intussusception, imperforate anus or malrotation). Multiple organ diseases, such as amyloidosis, lupus and scleroderma. Pregnancy.

• #43 Constipation: Symptoms & Causes

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/4059-constipation

  Medical and health conditions that can cause constipation include: Endocrine conditions, like underactive thyroid gland (hypothyroidism), diabetes, uremia and hypercalcemia. Colorectal cancer. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Diverticulitis. Outlet dysfunction constipation. This is a defect in the coordination of your pelvic floor muscles. These muscles support the organs within your pelvis and lower abdomen. They’re needed to help release poop. Obstructed defecation syndrome. Complex or unexplained causes may be preventing you from pooping normally. Intestinal pseudo-obstruction. Sometimes, the motor system in your colon can become temporarily paralyzed (as in paralytic ileus or Ogilvie syndrome). Neurologic disorders, including spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease and stroke. Lazy bowel syndrome. This is when your colon contracts poorly and retains poop. Intestinal obstruction. Structural defects in your digestive tract (like fistula, colonic atresia, volvulus, intussusception, imperforate anus or malrotation). Multiple organ diseases, such as amyloidosis, lupus and scleroderma. Pregnancy.

• #44 Constipation: Symptoms & Causes

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/4059-constipation

  Medical and health conditions that can cause constipation include: Endocrine conditions, like underactive thyroid gland (hypothyroidism), diabetes, uremia and hypercalcemia. Colorectal cancer. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Diverticulitis. Outlet dysfunction constipation. This is a defect in the coordination of your pelvic floor muscles. These muscles support the organs within your pelvis and lower abdomen. They’re needed to help release poop. Obstructed defecation syndrome. Complex or unexplained causes may be preventing you from pooping normally. Intestinal pseudo-obstruction. Sometimes, the motor system in your colon can become temporarily paralyzed (as in paralytic ileus or Ogilvie syndrome). Neurologic disorders, including spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease and stroke. Lazy bowel syndrome. This is when your colon contracts poorly and retains poop. Intestinal obstruction. Structural defects in your digestive tract (like fistula, colonic atresia, volvulus, intussusception, imperforate anus or malrotation). Multiple organ diseases, such as amyloidosis, lupus and scleroderma. Pregnancy.

• #45 Constipation: Symptoms & Causes

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/4059-constipation

  Medical and health conditions that can cause constipation include: Endocrine conditions, like underactive thyroid gland (hypothyroidism), diabetes, uremia and hypercalcemia. Colorectal cancer. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Diverticulitis. Outlet dysfunction constipation. This is a defect in the coordination of your pelvic floor muscles. These muscles support the organs within your pelvis and lower abdomen. They’re needed to help release poop. Obstructed defecation syndrome. Complex or unexplained causes may be preventing you from pooping normally. Intestinal pseudo-obstruction. Sometimes, the motor system in your colon can become temporarily paralyzed (as in paralytic ileus or Ogilvie syndrome). Neurologic disorders, including spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease and stroke. Lazy bowel syndrome. This is when your colon contracts poorly and retains poop. Intestinal obstruction. Structural defects in your digestive tract (like fistula, colonic atresia, volvulus, intussusception, imperforate anus or malrotation). Multiple organ diseases, such as amyloidosis, lupus and scleroderma. Pregnancy.

• #46 Constipation – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK513291/

  A diagnosis of exclusion, this category includes constipation due to fecal withholding behaviors. Organic causes have been ruled out. […] Dietary issues that cause constipation include inadequate fiber intake, inadequate water intake, and overuse of coffee, tea, or alcohol. […] Structural causes of constipation include anal stenosis or atresia, anal fissure, anteriorly displaced anus, imperforate anus, thrombosed hemorrhoids, intestinal stricture, obstructing tumors, and anal stricture. […] Disorders with issues in the neurological structure of the intestine include Hirschsprung disease, pseudo-obstruction, intestinal neuronal dysplasia, spinal cord defects, tethered cord, and spina bifida. […] Medications contributing to constipation include anticholinergics, narcotics, antidepressants, lead, iron, bismuth, calcium channel blockers, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, psychotropic drugs, and vitamin D intoxication.

• #47 Constipation – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK513291/

  A diagnosis of exclusion, this category includes constipation due to fecal withholding behaviors. Organic causes have been ruled out. […] Dietary issues that cause constipation include inadequate fiber intake, inadequate water intake, and overuse of coffee, tea, or alcohol. […] Structural causes of constipation include anal stenosis or atresia, anal fissure, anteriorly displaced anus, imperforate anus, thrombosed hemorrhoids, intestinal stricture, obstructing tumors, and anal stricture. […] Disorders with issues in the neurological structure of the intestine include Hirschsprung disease, pseudo-obstruction, intestinal neuronal dysplasia, spinal cord defects, tethered cord, and spina bifida. […] Medications contributing to constipation include anticholinergics, narcotics, antidepressants, lead, iron, bismuth, calcium channel blockers, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, psychotropic drugs, and vitamin D intoxication.

• #48 Constipation – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK513291/

  A diagnosis of exclusion, this category includes constipation due to fecal withholding behaviors. Organic causes have been ruled out. […] Dietary issues that cause constipation include inadequate fiber intake, inadequate water intake, and overuse of coffee, tea, or alcohol. […] Structural causes of constipation include anal stenosis or atresia, anal fissure, anteriorly displaced anus, imperforate anus, thrombosed hemorrhoids, intestinal stricture, obstructing tumors, and anal stricture. […] Disorders with issues in the neurological structure of the intestine include Hirschsprung disease, pseudo-obstruction, intestinal neuronal dysplasia, spinal cord defects, tethered cord, and spina bifida. […] Medications contributing to constipation include anticholinergics, narcotics, antidepressants, lead, iron, bismuth, calcium channel blockers, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, psychotropic drugs, and vitamin D intoxication.

• #49 Chronic Constipation: Causes, Risk Factors, and Treatment

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/chronic-constipation-causes-risk-factors-and-treatment-5215837

  Chronic constipation can also arise because of other underlying health disorders such as: Neurological disorders, including Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, stroke, spinal cord injury, paraplegia, spina bifida, and autonomic neuropathy (nerve damage). Cancer. Endocrine and metabolic conditions, such as diabetes, hypercalcemia, porphyria, hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, and pregnancy. Myopathic disorders such as amyloidosis and scleroderma. Lupus. […] While constipation can occur in all of the aforementioned disorders and conditions, it will likely be one of many symptoms.

• #50 Constipation – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/constipation/symptoms-causes/syc-20354253

  Problems with weakness or coordination of these muscles can cause chronic constipation. […] Damage or changes to tissues in the colon or rectum can block the passage of stool. Also, tumors in the colon, rectum or nearby tissues can cause a blockage. […] A number of conditions can affect the work of muscles, nerves or hormones involved in passing stool. Chronic constipation may be linked to any number of things, including: Irritable bowel syndrome. Diabetes. Multiple sclerosis. Nerve dysfunction or damage. Overactive thyroid, also called hyperthyroidism. Parkinson’s disease. Pregnancy. […] Sometimes, the cause of chronic constipation can’t be found.

• #51 Constipation – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK513291/

  A diagnosis of exclusion, this category includes constipation due to fecal withholding behaviors. Organic causes have been ruled out. […] Dietary issues that cause constipation include inadequate fiber intake, inadequate water intake, and overuse of coffee, tea, or alcohol. […] Structural causes of constipation include anal stenosis or atresia, anal fissure, anteriorly displaced anus, imperforate anus, thrombosed hemorrhoids, intestinal stricture, obstructing tumors, and anal stricture. […] Disorders with issues in the neurological structure of the intestine include Hirschsprung disease, pseudo-obstruction, intestinal neuronal dysplasia, spinal cord defects, tethered cord, and spina bifida. […] Medications contributing to constipation include anticholinergics, narcotics, antidepressants, lead, iron, bismuth, calcium channel blockers, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, psychotropic drugs, and vitamin D intoxication.

• #52 Constipation – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK513291/

  A diagnosis of exclusion, this category includes constipation due to fecal withholding behaviors. Organic causes have been ruled out. […] Dietary issues that cause constipation include inadequate fiber intake, inadequate water intake, and overuse of coffee, tea, or alcohol. […] Structural causes of constipation include anal stenosis or atresia, anal fissure, anteriorly displaced anus, imperforate anus, thrombosed hemorrhoids, intestinal stricture, obstructing tumors, and anal stricture. […] Disorders with issues in the neurological structure of the intestine include Hirschsprung disease, pseudo-obstruction, intestinal neuronal dysplasia, spinal cord defects, tethered cord, and spina bifida. […] Medications contributing to constipation include anticholinergics, narcotics, antidepressants, lead, iron, bismuth, calcium channel blockers, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, psychotropic drugs, and vitamin D intoxication.

• #53 Constipation – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK513291/

  A diagnosis of exclusion, this category includes constipation due to fecal withholding behaviors. Organic causes have been ruled out. […] Dietary issues that cause constipation include inadequate fiber intake, inadequate water intake, and overuse of coffee, tea, or alcohol. […] Structural causes of constipation include anal stenosis or atresia, anal fissure, anteriorly displaced anus, imperforate anus, thrombosed hemorrhoids, intestinal stricture, obstructing tumors, and anal stricture. […] Disorders with issues in the neurological structure of the intestine include Hirschsprung disease, pseudo-obstruction, intestinal neuronal dysplasia, spinal cord defects, tethered cord, and spina bifida. […] Medications contributing to constipation include anticholinergics, narcotics, antidepressants, lead, iron, bismuth, calcium channel blockers, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, psychotropic drugs, and vitamin D intoxication.

• #54 Constipation – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK513291/

  A diagnosis of exclusion, this category includes constipation due to fecal withholding behaviors. Organic causes have been ruled out. […] Dietary issues that cause constipation include inadequate fiber intake, inadequate water intake, and overuse of coffee, tea, or alcohol. […] Structural causes of constipation include anal stenosis or atresia, anal fissure, anteriorly displaced anus, imperforate anus, thrombosed hemorrhoids, intestinal stricture, obstructing tumors, and anal stricture. […] Disorders with issues in the neurological structure of the intestine include Hirschsprung disease, pseudo-obstruction, intestinal neuronal dysplasia, spinal cord defects, tethered cord, and spina bifida. […] Medications contributing to constipation include anticholinergics, narcotics, antidepressants, lead, iron, bismuth, calcium channel blockers, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, psychotropic drugs, and vitamin D intoxication.

• #55 Chronic Constipation: Causes, Risk Factors, and Treatment

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/chronic-constipation-causes-risk-factors-and-treatment-5215837

  There are several medications that can cause a person to experience chronic constipation, such as: Pain-relieving opiates and opioids such as morphine, codeine, and tramadol. Antispasmodics used to treat muscle spasms. Antiparkinsonian medications used to treat Parkinson’s disease. […] Bowel diseases can cause a person to develop chronic constipation. Some common bowel diseases include: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS, common disorder of the large intestine). Inflammatory bowel disease, which includes Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Hirschsprung’s disease (condition affecting the large intestine). Diverticulitis (infection or inflammation of small, bulging pouches that can form on the lining of the digestive tract). […] In some cases, chronic constipation can be caused by mental health disorders. Some conditions that can cause constipation include: Anxiety. Depression. Schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. Bipolar disorder and other mood disorders. Personality disorders such as borderline personality disorder. Addiction.

• #56 Chronic Constipation: Causes, Risk Factors, and Treatment

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/chronic-constipation-causes-risk-factors-and-treatment-5215837

  Chronic constipation can have other causes and may be a sign of an underlying health condition. […] Various factors such as diet, exercise, medication use, and certain health conditions may cause chronic constipation. […] Specific factors are more commonly associated with chronic constipation, such as: Diet: Eating large amounts of meat, sugary foods, and processed foods can slow down the digestive tract. Lack of sufficient water, fluids, and fiber can also contribute. […] Exercise: Exercise is good for many areas of your health, and not getting enough of it can also cause a person to become constipated. […] Constipation can also be caused by structural issues in the gastrointestinal tract, such as: Anal fissures: Small tears in the tissue that lines the anus. Thrombosed hemorrhoids: Painful lumps that develop when blood pools in an external hemorrhoid, which is an inflamed and swollen blood vessel in the lower rectum or around the anus. Colonic strictures: A narrowing of part of the colon. Obstructing tumors: A tumor that develops somewhere in the gastrointestinal tract, making it hard for stool to pass through properly. Rectocele: Tissue between the vagina and rectum that weakens, causing the rectum to sag into the vagina or push into the coccyx region. Anorectal blockage: A blockage in the gastrointestinal tract. Pelvic floor dysfunction: Pelvic floor dysfunction affecting the pelvic floor muscles that, when not able to properly relax, make bowel movements difficult. Dyssynergic defecation: A condition that occurs when the pelvic floor muscles cannot properly coordinate with muscles and nerves around them, causing a person to have irregular or abnormal bowel movements.

• #57 Chronic Constipation: Causes, Risk Factors, and Treatment

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/chronic-constipation-causes-risk-factors-and-treatment-5215837

  Chronic constipation can have other causes and may be a sign of an underlying health condition. […] Various factors such as diet, exercise, medication use, and certain health conditions may cause chronic constipation. […] Specific factors are more commonly associated with chronic constipation, such as: Diet: Eating large amounts of meat, sugary foods, and processed foods can slow down the digestive tract. Lack of sufficient water, fluids, and fiber can also contribute. […] Exercise: Exercise is good for many areas of your health, and not getting enough of it can also cause a person to become constipated. […] Constipation can also be caused by structural issues in the gastrointestinal tract, such as: Anal fissures: Small tears in the tissue that lines the anus. Thrombosed hemorrhoids: Painful lumps that develop when blood pools in an external hemorrhoid, which is an inflamed and swollen blood vessel in the lower rectum or around the anus. Colonic strictures: A narrowing of part of the colon. Obstructing tumors: A tumor that develops somewhere in the gastrointestinal tract, making it hard for stool to pass through properly. Rectocele: Tissue between the vagina and rectum that weakens, causing the rectum to sag into the vagina or push into the coccyx region. Anorectal blockage: A blockage in the gastrointestinal tract. Pelvic floor dysfunction: Pelvic floor dysfunction affecting the pelvic floor muscles that, when not able to properly relax, make bowel movements difficult. Dyssynergic defecation: A condition that occurs when the pelvic floor muscles cannot properly coordinate with muscles and nerves around them, causing a person to have irregular or abnormal bowel movements.

• #58 Constipation: Symptoms & Causes

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/4059-constipation

  Medical and health conditions that can cause constipation include: Endocrine conditions, like underactive thyroid gland (hypothyroidism), diabetes, uremia and hypercalcemia. Colorectal cancer. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Diverticulitis. Outlet dysfunction constipation. This is a defect in the coordination of your pelvic floor muscles. These muscles support the organs within your pelvis and lower abdomen. They’re needed to help release poop. Obstructed defecation syndrome. Complex or unexplained causes may be preventing you from pooping normally. Intestinal pseudo-obstruction. Sometimes, the motor system in your colon can become temporarily paralyzed (as in paralytic ileus or Ogilvie syndrome). Neurologic disorders, including spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease and stroke. Lazy bowel syndrome. This is when your colon contracts poorly and retains poop. Intestinal obstruction. Structural defects in your digestive tract (like fistula, colonic atresia, volvulus, intussusception, imperforate anus or malrotation). Multiple organ diseases, such as amyloidosis, lupus and scleroderma. Pregnancy.

• #59 Constipation: Symptoms, Causes, Relief, and More

  https://www.healthline.com/health/constipation

  The following underlying health conditions can bring on constipation: certain conditions, such as stroke, Parkinson’s disease, and diabetes; problems with the colon or rectum, including intestinal obstruction, IBS, or diverticulosis; overuse or misuse of laxatives; hormonal problems, including an underactive thyroid gland.

• #60 Constipation: Symptoms & Causes

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/4059-constipation

  Medical and health conditions that can cause constipation include: Endocrine conditions, like underactive thyroid gland (hypothyroidism), diabetes, uremia and hypercalcemia. Colorectal cancer. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Diverticulitis. Outlet dysfunction constipation. This is a defect in the coordination of your pelvic floor muscles. These muscles support the organs within your pelvis and lower abdomen. They’re needed to help release poop. Obstructed defecation syndrome. Complex or unexplained causes may be preventing you from pooping normally. Intestinal pseudo-obstruction. Sometimes, the motor system in your colon can become temporarily paralyzed (as in paralytic ileus or Ogilvie syndrome). Neurologic disorders, including spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease and stroke. Lazy bowel syndrome. This is when your colon contracts poorly and retains poop. Intestinal obstruction. Structural defects in your digestive tract (like fistula, colonic atresia, volvulus, intussusception, imperforate anus or malrotation). Multiple organ diseases, such as amyloidosis, lupus and scleroderma. Pregnancy.

• #61 Chronic Constipation: Causes, Risk Factors, and Treatment

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/chronic-constipation-causes-risk-factors-and-treatment-5215837

  There are several medications that can cause a person to experience chronic constipation, such as: Pain-relieving opiates and opioids such as morphine, codeine, and tramadol. Antispasmodics used to treat muscle spasms. Antiparkinsonian medications used to treat Parkinson’s disease. […] Bowel diseases can cause a person to develop chronic constipation. Some common bowel diseases include: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS, common disorder of the large intestine). Inflammatory bowel disease, which includes Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Hirschsprung’s disease (condition affecting the large intestine). Diverticulitis (infection or inflammation of small, bulging pouches that can form on the lining of the digestive tract). […] In some cases, chronic constipation can be caused by mental health disorders. Some conditions that can cause constipation include: Anxiety. Depression. Schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. Bipolar disorder and other mood disorders. Personality disorders such as borderline personality disorder. Addiction.

• #62 Constipation – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constipation

  Constipation has many causes. Common causes include slow movement of stool within the colon, irritable bowel syndrome, and pelvic floor disorders. […] Underlying associated diseases include hypothyroidism, diabetes, Parkinson’s disease, celiac disease, non-celiac gluten sensitivity, vitamin B12 deficiency, colon cancer, diverticulitis, and inflammatory bowel disease. […] Secondary causes include side effects of medications such as opiates, endocrine and metabolic disorders such as hypothyroidism, and obstruction such as from colorectal cancer or ovarian cancer. […] Celiac disease and non-celiac gluten sensitivity may also present with constipation. […] Constipation has a number of structural (mechanical, morphological, anatomical) causes, namely through creating space-occupying lesions within the colon that stop the passage of stool, such as colorectal cancer, strictures, rectocoles, anal sphincter damage or malformation and post-surgical changes.

• #63 Constipation in children – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/constipation-in-children/symptoms-causes/syc-20354242

  Medications. Certain antidepressants and various other drugs can contribute to constipation. […] Cow’s milk allergy. An allergy to cow’s milk or consuming too many dairy products (cheese and cow’s milk) sometimes leads to constipation. […] Family history. Children who have family members who have experienced constipation are more likely to develop constipation. […] Medical conditions. Rarely, constipation in children indicates an anatomic malformation, a metabolic or digestive system problem, or another underlying condition.

• #64 Constipation – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK513291/

  Metabolic or endocrinologic disorders that cause constipation include hypokalemia, hypercalcemia, hypothyroidism, diabetes mellitus (DM), and diabetes insipidus. […] Other causes of constipation include celiac disease, cow milk protein allergy, cystic fibrosis, inflammatory bowel disease, and scleroderma.

• #65 Chronic Constipation: Causes, Risk Factors, and Treatment

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/chronic-constipation-causes-risk-factors-and-treatment-5215837

  Chronic constipation can also arise because of other underlying health disorders such as: Neurological disorders, including Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, stroke, spinal cord injury, paraplegia, spina bifida, and autonomic neuropathy (nerve damage). Cancer. Endocrine and metabolic conditions, such as diabetes, hypercalcemia, porphyria, hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, and pregnancy. Myopathic disorders such as amyloidosis and scleroderma. Lupus. […] While constipation can occur in all of the aforementioned disorders and conditions, it will likely be one of many symptoms.

• #66 Chronic Constipation: Causes, Risk Factors, and Treatment

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/chronic-constipation-causes-risk-factors-and-treatment-5215837

  Chronic constipation can also arise because of other underlying health disorders such as: Neurological disorders, including Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, stroke, spinal cord injury, paraplegia, spina bifida, and autonomic neuropathy (nerve damage). Cancer. Endocrine and metabolic conditions, such as diabetes, hypercalcemia, porphyria, hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, and pregnancy. Myopathic disorders such as amyloidosis and scleroderma. Lupus. […] While constipation can occur in all of the aforementioned disorders and conditions, it will likely be one of many symptoms.

• #67 Chronic Constipation: Causes, Risk Factors, and Treatment

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/chronic-constipation-causes-risk-factors-and-treatment-5215837

  Chronic constipation can also arise because of other underlying health disorders such as: Neurological disorders, including Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, stroke, spinal cord injury, paraplegia, spina bifida, and autonomic neuropathy (nerve damage). Cancer. Endocrine and metabolic conditions, such as diabetes, hypercalcemia, porphyria, hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, and pregnancy. Myopathic disorders such as amyloidosis and scleroderma. Lupus. […] While constipation can occur in all of the aforementioned disorders and conditions, it will likely be one of many symptoms.

• #68 Constipation | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/stomach-liver-and-gastrointestinal-tract/constipation/

  In rare cases, constipation can be a sign of an underlying condition, such as: irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), diabetes, hypercalcaemia where theres too much calcium in the bloodstream, underactive thyroid gland (hypothyroidism), muscular dystrophy a genetic condition that causes muscle wasting, multiple sclerosis a condition that affects the nervous system, Parkinsons disease where part of the brain becomes progressively damaged, affecting the co-ordination of body movements, spinal cord injury, anal fissure a small tear or ulcer in the skin just inside the anus, inflammatory bowel disease a condition that causes the intestines to become inflamed (irritated and swollen), bowel cancer. […] Constipation in babies and children is quite common. Its estimated that up to 1 in every 3 children in the UK has constipation at any time. Poor diet, fear about using the toilet and poor toilet training can all be responsible.

• #69 Constipation – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constipation

  Constipation also has neurological causes, including anismus, descending perineum syndrome, desmosis and Hirschsprung’s disease. […] Metabolic and endocrine problems which may lead to constipation include: pheochromocytoma, hypercalcemia, hypothyroidism, hyperparathyroidism, porphyria, chronic kidney disease, pan-hypopituitarism, diabetes mellitus, and cystic fibrosis.

• #70 Constipation – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constipation

  Constipation also has neurological causes, including anismus, descending perineum syndrome, desmosis and Hirschsprung’s disease. […] Metabolic and endocrine problems which may lead to constipation include: pheochromocytoma, hypercalcemia, hypothyroidism, hyperparathyroidism, porphyria, chronic kidney disease, pan-hypopituitarism, diabetes mellitus, and cystic fibrosis.

• #71 Constipation – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constipation

  Constipation also has neurological causes, including anismus, descending perineum syndrome, desmosis and Hirschsprung’s disease. […] Metabolic and endocrine problems which may lead to constipation include: pheochromocytoma, hypercalcemia, hypothyroidism, hyperparathyroidism, porphyria, chronic kidney disease, pan-hypopituitarism, diabetes mellitus, and cystic fibrosis.

• #72 Constipation: Symptoms & Causes

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/4059-constipation

  Constipation happens because your colon (large intestine) absorbs too much water from your poop. This dries out your poop, making it hard in consistency and difficult to push out of your body. […] There are many causes of constipation, including lifestyle factors, medications and medical conditions. […] Common lifestyle causes of constipation include: Not eating enough fiber. Not drinking enough water (dehydration). Not getting enough exercise. Changes in your regular routine, such as traveling or eating, or going to bed at different times. Consuming large amounts of milk or cheese. Stress. Resisting the urge to have a bowel movement. […] Medications that can cause constipation include: Strong pain medicines, like narcotics containing codeine, oxycodone (Oxycontin) and hydromorphone (Dilaudid). Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), like ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) and naproxen (Aleve). Antidepressants, including selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (like fluoxetine [Prozac]) or tricyclic antidepressants (like amitriptyline [Elavil]). Antacids containing calcium or aluminum, such as Tums. Iron pills. Allergy medications, such as antihistamines (like diphenhydramine [Benadryl]). Certain blood pressure medicines, including calcium channel blockers (like verapamil [Calan SR], diltiazem [Cardizem] and nifedipine [Procardia]) and beta-blockers (like atenolol [Tenormin]). Psychiatric medications, like clozapine (Clozaril) and olanzapine (Zyprexa). Antiseizure medications, such as phenytoin and gabapentin. Antinausea medications, like ondansetron (Zofran).

• #73 Constipation: Causes, symptoms, treatments, and more

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/150322

  Constipation can happen for many reasons, such as when stool passes through the colon too slowly. The slower the food moves through the digestive tract, the more water the colon absorbs, and the harder feces becomes. […] Sometimes, constipation results from a blockage in the large or small intestine. In this case, a person needs urgent medical attention. At other times, it may be due to a lack of fiber or water. […] There are numerous possible causes of constipation. […] Not getting enough dietary fiber may lead to constipation. This is because fiber promotes regular bowel movements, especially when a person combines it with proper hydration. […] Low levels of physical activity or not getting enough exercise may also lead to constipation. […] Some medications can increase the risk of constipation.

• #74 Constipation: Symptoms & Causes

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/4059-constipation

  Constipation happens because your colon (large intestine) absorbs too much water from your poop. This dries out your poop, making it hard in consistency and difficult to push out of your body. […] There are many causes of constipation, including lifestyle factors, medications and medical conditions. […] Common lifestyle causes of constipation include: Not eating enough fiber. Not drinking enough water (dehydration). Not getting enough exercise. Changes in your regular routine, such as traveling or eating, or going to bed at different times. Consuming large amounts of milk or cheese. Stress. Resisting the urge to have a bowel movement. […] Medications that can cause constipation include: Strong pain medicines, like narcotics containing codeine, oxycodone (Oxycontin) and hydromorphone (Dilaudid). Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), like ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) and naproxen (Aleve). Antidepressants, including selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (like fluoxetine [Prozac]) or tricyclic antidepressants (like amitriptyline [Elavil]). Antacids containing calcium or aluminum, such as Tums. Iron pills. Allergy medications, such as antihistamines (like diphenhydramine [Benadryl]). Certain blood pressure medicines, including calcium channel blockers (like verapamil [Calan SR], diltiazem [Cardizem] and nifedipine [Procardia]) and beta-blockers (like atenolol [Tenormin]). Psychiatric medications, like clozapine (Clozaril) and olanzapine (Zyprexa). Antiseizure medications, such as phenytoin and gabapentin. Antinausea medications, like ondansetron (Zofran).

• #75 Constipation: Symptoms & Causes

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/4059-constipation

  Constipation happens because your colon (large intestine) absorbs too much water from your poop. This dries out your poop, making it hard in consistency and difficult to push out of your body. […] There are many causes of constipation, including lifestyle factors, medications and medical conditions. […] Common lifestyle causes of constipation include: Not eating enough fiber. Not drinking enough water (dehydration). Not getting enough exercise. Changes in your regular routine, such as traveling or eating, or going to bed at different times. Consuming large amounts of milk or cheese. Stress. Resisting the urge to have a bowel movement. […] Medications that can cause constipation include: Strong pain medicines, like narcotics containing codeine, oxycodone (Oxycontin) and hydromorphone (Dilaudid). Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), like ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) and naproxen (Aleve). Antidepressants, including selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (like fluoxetine [Prozac]) or tricyclic antidepressants (like amitriptyline [Elavil]). Antacids containing calcium or aluminum, such as Tums. Iron pills. Allergy medications, such as antihistamines (like diphenhydramine [Benadryl]). Certain blood pressure medicines, including calcium channel blockers (like verapamil [Calan SR], diltiazem [Cardizem] and nifedipine [Procardia]) and beta-blockers (like atenolol [Tenormin]). Psychiatric medications, like clozapine (Clozaril) and olanzapine (Zyprexa). Antiseizure medications, such as phenytoin and gabapentin. Antinausea medications, like ondansetron (Zofran).

• #76 8 common causes of constipation in kids – Children’s Health

  https://www.childrens.com/health-wellness/8-common-causes-of-constipation-in-kids

  Constipation, or difficulty pooping, affects millions of kids each year. According to a 2018 study, about 18% of toddlers and 14% of children and teens suffer from constipation. […] Children can become constipated for a variety of reasons, ranging from certain foods or a lack of fiber in their diet to stress or side effects from a medication. […] Diet is a leading cause of constipation. Because of the ease of packaged snacks, many children eat a diet of too many processed foods. These foods often contain little to no fiber, which is essential for regular, healthy bowel movements. […] Excessive dairy intake is a common association with constipation, and we recommend reducing intake of dairy rich foods like cheese and milk if your child is constipated. […] New research continues to illustrate the connection between the mind and the gut. Stress and anxiety can have a big effect on digestion, causing constipation or diarrhea.

• #77 Surprising Causes of Constipation | North Shore Gastroenterology

  https://www.northshoregastro.org/2019/03/29/surprising-causes-of-constipation/

  Fat and Dairy Foods – Too much low-fiber/high-fat foods such as meat and eggs, along with milk, butter, and eggs can slow normal digestion. You don’t have to give these foods up to avoid becoming constipated. Just reduce your intake and increase your intake of high-fiber foods such as salads, fruits, and vegetables. Also, you may want to avoid highly processed and fast foods. […] Narcotic Painkillers – One of the negative side effects of these drugs is that they tend to hamper the normal function of the digestive system. That’s why doctors will often also prescribe a gentle laxative. […] Antidepressants – Constipation has been associated with both selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) like Prozac and tricyclic antidepressants such as Elavil. However, depression also slows down the body’s normal processes, potentially affecting normal bowel function.

• #78 Constipation – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK513291/

  A diagnosis of exclusion, this category includes constipation due to fecal withholding behaviors. Organic causes have been ruled out. […] Dietary issues that cause constipation include inadequate fiber intake, inadequate water intake, and overuse of coffee, tea, or alcohol. […] Structural causes of constipation include anal stenosis or atresia, anal fissure, anteriorly displaced anus, imperforate anus, thrombosed hemorrhoids, intestinal stricture, obstructing tumors, and anal stricture. […] Disorders with issues in the neurological structure of the intestine include Hirschsprung disease, pseudo-obstruction, intestinal neuronal dysplasia, spinal cord defects, tethered cord, and spina bifida. […] Medications contributing to constipation include anticholinergics, narcotics, antidepressants, lead, iron, bismuth, calcium channel blockers, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, psychotropic drugs, and vitamin D intoxication.

• #79 Constipation: Symptoms & Causes

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/4059-constipation

  Constipation happens because your colon (large intestine) absorbs too much water from your poop. This dries out your poop, making it hard in consistency and difficult to push out of your body. […] There are many causes of constipation, including lifestyle factors, medications and medical conditions. […] Common lifestyle causes of constipation include: Not eating enough fiber. Not drinking enough water (dehydration). Not getting enough exercise. Changes in your regular routine, such as traveling or eating, or going to bed at different times. Consuming large amounts of milk or cheese. Stress. Resisting the urge to have a bowel movement. […] Medications that can cause constipation include: Strong pain medicines, like narcotics containing codeine, oxycodone (Oxycontin) and hydromorphone (Dilaudid). Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), like ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) and naproxen (Aleve). Antidepressants, including selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (like fluoxetine [Prozac]) or tricyclic antidepressants (like amitriptyline [Elavil]). Antacids containing calcium or aluminum, such as Tums. Iron pills. Allergy medications, such as antihistamines (like diphenhydramine [Benadryl]). Certain blood pressure medicines, including calcium channel blockers (like verapamil [Calan SR], diltiazem [Cardizem] and nifedipine [Procardia]) and beta-blockers (like atenolol [Tenormin]). Psychiatric medications, like clozapine (Clozaril) and olanzapine (Zyprexa). Antiseizure medications, such as phenytoin and gabapentin. Antinausea medications, like ondansetron (Zofran).

• #80 Constipation – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/constipation/symptoms-causes/syc-20354253

  Constipation is fairly common. A lack of dietary fiber, fluids and exercise can cause constipation. But other medical conditions or certain medicines may be the cause. […] In general, constipation occurs when stool moves too slowly through the large intestine, also called the colon. If the stool moves slowly, the body absorbs too much water from the stool. The stool can become hard, dry and difficult to pass. […] Slow stool movement may happen when a person does not: Drink enough fluids. Eat enough dietary fiber. Exercise regularly. Use the toilet when there’s an urge to pass stool. […] Constipation may be a side effect of some medicines, particularly opioid pain relievers. Other medicines that may cause constipation include some that treat the following conditions: Pain. High blood pressure. Seizures. Depression. Disorders of the nervous system. Allergies.

• #81 Constipation: Symptoms & Causes

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/4059-constipation

  Constipation happens because your colon (large intestine) absorbs too much water from your poop. This dries out your poop, making it hard in consistency and difficult to push out of your body. […] There are many causes of constipation, including lifestyle factors, medications and medical conditions. […] Common lifestyle causes of constipation include: Not eating enough fiber. Not drinking enough water (dehydration). Not getting enough exercise. Changes in your regular routine, such as traveling or eating, or going to bed at different times. Consuming large amounts of milk or cheese. Stress. Resisting the urge to have a bowel movement. […] Medications that can cause constipation include: Strong pain medicines, like narcotics containing codeine, oxycodone (Oxycontin) and hydromorphone (Dilaudid). Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), like ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) and naproxen (Aleve). Antidepressants, including selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (like fluoxetine [Prozac]) or tricyclic antidepressants (like amitriptyline [Elavil]). Antacids containing calcium or aluminum, such as Tums. Iron pills. Allergy medications, such as antihistamines (like diphenhydramine [Benadryl]). Certain blood pressure medicines, including calcium channel blockers (like verapamil [Calan SR], diltiazem [Cardizem] and nifedipine [Procardia]) and beta-blockers (like atenolol [Tenormin]). Psychiatric medications, like clozapine (Clozaril) and olanzapine (Zyprexa). Antiseizure medications, such as phenytoin and gabapentin. Antinausea medications, like ondansetron (Zofran).

• #82 Constipation | Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Support | Guts UK

  https://gutscharity.org.uk/advice-and-information/symptoms/constipation/

  This factsheet helps to explain the symptoms of constipation and what causes them. […] Constipation is a problem for some people who need to take medicines. […] Medicines can often cause constipation as a side-effect. Opioids are one of the commonest types of medication that can cause constipation. […] There is a strong connection between our brain (including our mood) and the way the gut works. This is called the gut-brain connection. […] Ignoring bowel urges can change both how the bowel muscles work and the pattern of bowel opening. […] Those designated female at birth may notice that their bowels are slower at certain times of their menstrual cycle. […] People who eat irregularly may be more prone to constipation. […] Among people with a susceptibility towards constipation, low activity might worsen symptoms.

• #83 Constipation: Symptoms & Causes

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/4059-constipation

  Constipation happens because your colon (large intestine) absorbs too much water from your poop. This dries out your poop, making it hard in consistency and difficult to push out of your body. […] There are many causes of constipation, including lifestyle factors, medications and medical conditions. […] Common lifestyle causes of constipation include: Not eating enough fiber. Not drinking enough water (dehydration). Not getting enough exercise. Changes in your regular routine, such as traveling or eating, or going to bed at different times. Consuming large amounts of milk or cheese. Stress. Resisting the urge to have a bowel movement. […] Medications that can cause constipation include: Strong pain medicines, like narcotics containing codeine, oxycodone (Oxycontin) and hydromorphone (Dilaudid). Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), like ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) and naproxen (Aleve). Antidepressants, including selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (like fluoxetine [Prozac]) or tricyclic antidepressants (like amitriptyline [Elavil]). Antacids containing calcium or aluminum, such as Tums. Iron pills. Allergy medications, such as antihistamines (like diphenhydramine [Benadryl]). Certain blood pressure medicines, including calcium channel blockers (like verapamil [Calan SR], diltiazem [Cardizem] and nifedipine [Procardia]) and beta-blockers (like atenolol [Tenormin]). Psychiatric medications, like clozapine (Clozaril) and olanzapine (Zyprexa). Antiseizure medications, such as phenytoin and gabapentin. Antinausea medications, like ondansetron (Zofran).

• #84 What Causes Constipation? | Aetna Medicare

  https://www.aetna.com/medicare/compare-plans-enroll/medicare-advantage-dsnp-plans/constipation-causes.html

  If you use laxatives for weeks or months, they can decrease your colons ability to contract. That can make constipation worse. […] You can become dehydrated while flying, which can trigger constipation, says Dr. Chey. […] When youre stressed, your body releases stress hormones. This increases blood flow to your heart, lungs and brain but it sends it away from your digestive tract. As a result, movement in the bowels slows down.

• #85 Constipation: Symptoms & Causes

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/4059-constipation

  Constipation happens because your colon (large intestine) absorbs too much water from your poop. This dries out your poop, making it hard in consistency and difficult to push out of your body. […] There are many causes of constipation, including lifestyle factors, medications and medical conditions. […] Common lifestyle causes of constipation include: Not eating enough fiber. Not drinking enough water (dehydration). Not getting enough exercise. Changes in your regular routine, such as traveling or eating, or going to bed at different times. Consuming large amounts of milk or cheese. Stress. Resisting the urge to have a bowel movement. […] Medications that can cause constipation include: Strong pain medicines, like narcotics containing codeine, oxycodone (Oxycontin) and hydromorphone (Dilaudid). Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), like ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) and naproxen (Aleve). Antidepressants, including selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (like fluoxetine [Prozac]) or tricyclic antidepressants (like amitriptyline [Elavil]). Antacids containing calcium or aluminum, such as Tums. Iron pills. Allergy medications, such as antihistamines (like diphenhydramine [Benadryl]). Certain blood pressure medicines, including calcium channel blockers (like verapamil [Calan SR], diltiazem [Cardizem] and nifedipine [Procardia]) and beta-blockers (like atenolol [Tenormin]). Psychiatric medications, like clozapine (Clozaril) and olanzapine (Zyprexa). Antiseizure medications, such as phenytoin and gabapentin. Antinausea medications, like ondansetron (Zofran).

• #86 What Causes Constipation? | Aetna Medicare

  https://www.aetna.com/medicare/compare-plans-enroll/medicare-advantage-dsnp-plans/constipation-causes.html

  If you use laxatives for weeks or months, they can decrease your colons ability to contract. That can make constipation worse. […] You can become dehydrated while flying, which can trigger constipation, says Dr. Chey. […] When youre stressed, your body releases stress hormones. This increases blood flow to your heart, lungs and brain but it sends it away from your digestive tract. As a result, movement in the bowels slows down.

• #87 8 Causes of Chronic Constipation You May Be Missing

  https://www.healthline.com/health/cic/what-your-gut-is-trying-to-tell-you

  Constipation can be a result of a bowel disease known as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). […] Anxiety that doesnt go away, sometimes called generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), can take a toll on your digestive process. […] Depression can cause constipation for a variety of reasons. […] In some cases, constipation symptoms can be a sign of a more serious problem. […] Constipation is common during pregnancy. […] Your constipation may not actually be caused by your medical condition but rather by the medications used to treat the condition.

• #88

  https://www.prevention.com/health/a20465506/causes-of-constipation/

  While your body’s systems can slow down with depression symptoms, you’re also likely to be following a different lifestyle. „People with depression aren’t as activeyou might be lying in bed all day,” says psychiatrist Wendy Levine, MD. „You may be eating more carbs or eating moreor lessin general; a change from your regular, balanced diet.” […] Popping certain types of pills can potentially cause constipation. Topping the list is painkillers, particularly opioids and narcotics. These drugs cause a body-wide slow downincluding your colon. Other meds that can stop you up, according to the American Gastroenterological Foundation, include some antidepressants, antacids that contain aluminum or calcium, antispasmodic and anticonvulsant drugs (for epilepsy), tranquilizers, anti-Parkinson’s drugs, and calcium channel blockers for high blood pressure and heart conditions.

• #89 What Causes Constipation? | Aetna Medicare

  https://www.aetna.com/medicare/compare-plans-enroll/medicare-advantage-dsnp-plans/constipation-causes.html

  If you use laxatives for weeks or months, they can decrease your colons ability to contract. That can make constipation worse. […] You can become dehydrated while flying, which can trigger constipation, says Dr. Chey. […] When youre stressed, your body releases stress hormones. This increases blood flow to your heart, lungs and brain but it sends it away from your digestive tract. As a result, movement in the bowels slows down.

• #90

  https://www.prevention.com/health/a20465506/causes-of-constipation/

  Calcium and iron in particular have been known to trigger constipation. „Iron and calcium are bindingthey make everything stick together,” Levine says. […] „During pregnancy, the hormone progesterone relaxes the smooth muscles in the bowel, so it moves more slowly,” Levine explains. The bowel also bears the weight of your growing uterus. „The uterus sits on the bowel, squishing it, so your stool is moving through a thinner pipeit’s going to travel more slowly,” Levine adds. […] There’s little harm in taking a laxative once in a while, but daily use can lead to stoppage. Especially troublesome are the type that work by stimulating the nerves of the colon, such as Dulcolax, Ex-Lax, and Senna. „Over time, your muscles are not being used, so they can weaken,” explains Levine, and then they start to depend on the laxative effect.

• #91 What Causes Constipation? | Aetna Medicare

  https://www.aetna.com/medicare/compare-plans-enroll/medicare-advantage-dsnp-plans/constipation-causes.html

  No, constipation isnt just one of those things you have to live with as you get older. […] About 16 percent of American adults have problems with constipation. And that number rises to 33 percent after age 60. […] Constipation in a young and healthy person can lead to a very different set of differential diagnoses than in an older person, says Jill Deutsch, M.D. […] We want to make sure constipation is not caused by something like a bowel obstruction, motility disorder or even colon cancer. Other medical problems, such as a stroke or diabetes, can also cause constipation. These conditions can affect the muscles or nerves you use when you have a bowel movement. […] But once youve been checked out to make sure nothing is physically wrong, there are a few common culprits that can trigger constipation.

• #92 Constipation: Causes, Symptoms & Solutions | Live Science

  https://www.livescience.com/5825-constipation-symptoms-solutions.html

  Common causes of constipation include: insufficient intake of fiber and liquids, lack of exercise, medications, older age and abuse of laxatives. […] The most common cause of constipation is a diet low in fiber and high in fats. […] Many seniors eat a low-fiber diet that causes constipation. […] Some medications can cause constipation. […] Aging may affect bowel regularity because a slower metabolism results in less intestinal activity and muscle tone. […] Laxatives usually are not necessary to treat constipation and can be habit-forming. […] Most people with constipation can be treated with changes in diet and exercise.

• #93 Constipation | University of Michigan Health

  https://www.uofmhealth.org/conditions-treatments/digestive-and-liver-health/constipation

  A decrease in physical activity can lead to constipation. […] Many medications can cause constipation, including prescription and non-prescription drugs. […] During pregnancy, people may be constipated because of hormonal changes or because the uterus compresses the intestine. […] Aging also may affect bowel regularity possibly due to slowing metabolism, decreased intestinal motor activity or decreased muscle tone and strength. […] People who ignore the urge to have a bowel movement may eventually stop feeling the need to have one, which can lead to constipation. […] IBS is a common chronic disorder causing alteration in ones bowel habits as well as abdominal discomfort, although pain is usually relieved with bowel movement. […] There are a number of disorders that can physically compress, squeeze or narrow the intestines. […] A number of systemic diseases and conditions also may cause constipation.

• #94 Constipation | University of Michigan Health

  https://www.uofmhealth.org/conditions-treatments/digestive-and-liver-health/constipation

  A decrease in physical activity can lead to constipation. […] Many medications can cause constipation, including prescription and non-prescription drugs. […] During pregnancy, people may be constipated because of hormonal changes or because the uterus compresses the intestine. […] Aging also may affect bowel regularity possibly due to slowing metabolism, decreased intestinal motor activity or decreased muscle tone and strength. […] People who ignore the urge to have a bowel movement may eventually stop feeling the need to have one, which can lead to constipation. […] IBS is a common chronic disorder causing alteration in ones bowel habits as well as abdominal discomfort, although pain is usually relieved with bowel movement. […] There are a number of disorders that can physically compress, squeeze or narrow the intestines. […] A number of systemic diseases and conditions also may cause constipation.

• #95 Why am I constipated?

  https://www.bbuk.org.uk/why-am-i-constipated/

  Fibre helps to bulk up the stools, which makes it easier for the stools to move along the bowel and be passed. If there is not enough fibre stools tend to be smaller and harder. […] Exercise helps to stimulate the muscles in the bowel wall and helps to move stools on through. […] Ignoring the urge to go to the toilet or not responding to the sensation of needing to pass a stool will result in the stool remaining in the bowel longer than it should. This can result in stools becoming harder, drier and more difficult to pass. […] Medications can cause constipation. Some of the most common medications which can cause constipation include: Aluminium antacids (medicine to treat indigestion), Antidepressants, Antiepileptics (medicine to treat epilepsy), Antipsychotics (medicine to treat schizophrenia, manic conditions and anxiety), Calcium supplements, Diuretics (water tablets), Iron supplements.

• #96 Why am I constipated?

  https://www.bbuk.org.uk/why-am-i-constipated/

  Constipation is more common as we get older because as we age we tend to eat and drink less, become less active or less able to exercise, and have greater difficulty reaching a toilet. We are also more likely to be taking medicines that cause constipation, and have medical conditions that affect the bowel. People in hospital are especially prone to constipation.

• #97 Constipation | University of Michigan Health

  https://www.uofmhealth.org/conditions-treatments/digestive-and-liver-health/constipation

  Constipation can have other defining features, such as: […] There are many reasons for the development of constipation, which include dietary and lifestyle habits, medications and behavioral issues. […] For some, constipation may be a symptom associated with a medical condition, such as spinal cord injury or disorder, multiple sclerosis, stroke, hypothyroidism, kidney failure or depression. […] Some of the most common causes include: […] A diet low in fiber or a diet high in fats is commonly associated with constipation. […] A low-fiber diet also plays a key role in constipation among older adults, who may lose interest in eating and choose foods that are quick to make or buy. […] Research has not yet demonstrated that low fluid intake causes constipation or that an increase in orally ingested fluids alone effectively treats constipation.

• #98 Why am I constipated?

  https://www.bbuk.org.uk/why-am-i-constipated/

  Constipation is more common as we get older because as we age we tend to eat and drink less, become less active or less able to exercise, and have greater difficulty reaching a toilet. We are also more likely to be taking medicines that cause constipation, and have medical conditions that affect the bowel. People in hospital are especially prone to constipation.

• #99 Constipation in children – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/constipation-in-children/symptoms-causes/syc-20354242

  Constipation most commonly occurs when waste or stool moves too slowly through the digestive tract, causing the stool to become hard and dry. […] Many factors can contribute to constipation in children, including: […] Withholding. Your child may ignore the urge to have a bowel movement because he or she is afraid of the toilet or doesn’t want to take a break from play. […] Painful bowel movements caused by large, hard stools also may lead to withholding. If it hurts to poop, your child may try to avoid a repeat of the distressing experience. […] Toilet training issues. If you begin toilet training too soon, your child may rebel and hold in stool. […] Changes in diet. Not enough fiber-rich fruits and vegetables or fluid in your child’s diet may cause constipation. […] Changes in routine. Any changes in your child’s routine such as travel, hot weather or stress can affect bowel function.

• #100 Constipation in children – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/constipation-in-children/symptoms-causes/syc-20354242

  Constipation most commonly occurs when waste or stool moves too slowly through the digestive tract, causing the stool to become hard and dry. […] Many factors can contribute to constipation in children, including: […] Withholding. Your child may ignore the urge to have a bowel movement because he or she is afraid of the toilet or doesn’t want to take a break from play. […] Painful bowel movements caused by large, hard stools also may lead to withholding. If it hurts to poop, your child may try to avoid a repeat of the distressing experience. […] Toilet training issues. If you begin toilet training too soon, your child may rebel and hold in stool. […] Changes in diet. Not enough fiber-rich fruits and vegetables or fluid in your child’s diet may cause constipation. […] Changes in routine. Any changes in your child’s routine such as travel, hot weather or stress can affect bowel function.

• #101 Constipation in children – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/constipation-in-children/symptoms-causes/syc-20354242

  Constipation most commonly occurs when waste or stool moves too slowly through the digestive tract, causing the stool to become hard and dry. […] Many factors can contribute to constipation in children, including: […] Withholding. Your child may ignore the urge to have a bowel movement because he or she is afraid of the toilet or doesn’t want to take a break from play. […] Painful bowel movements caused by large, hard stools also may lead to withholding. If it hurts to poop, your child may try to avoid a repeat of the distressing experience. […] Toilet training issues. If you begin toilet training too soon, your child may rebel and hold in stool. […] Changes in diet. Not enough fiber-rich fruits and vegetables or fluid in your child’s diet may cause constipation. […] Changes in routine. Any changes in your child’s routine such as travel, hot weather or stress can affect bowel function.

• #102 Constipation in children – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/constipation-in-children/symptoms-causes/syc-20354242

  Constipation most commonly occurs when waste or stool moves too slowly through the digestive tract, causing the stool to become hard and dry. […] Many factors can contribute to constipation in children, including: […] Withholding. Your child may ignore the urge to have a bowel movement because he or she is afraid of the toilet or doesn’t want to take a break from play. […] Painful bowel movements caused by large, hard stools also may lead to withholding. If it hurts to poop, your child may try to avoid a repeat of the distressing experience. […] Toilet training issues. If you begin toilet training too soon, your child may rebel and hold in stool. […] Changes in diet. Not enough fiber-rich fruits and vegetables or fluid in your child’s diet may cause constipation. […] Changes in routine. Any changes in your child’s routine such as travel, hot weather or stress can affect bowel function.

• #103 Constipation in children – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/constipation-in-children/symptoms-causes/syc-20354242

  Constipation most commonly occurs when waste or stool moves too slowly through the digestive tract, causing the stool to become hard and dry. […] Many factors can contribute to constipation in children, including: […] Withholding. Your child may ignore the urge to have a bowel movement because he or she is afraid of the toilet or doesn’t want to take a break from play. […] Painful bowel movements caused by large, hard stools also may lead to withholding. If it hurts to poop, your child may try to avoid a repeat of the distressing experience. […] Toilet training issues. If you begin toilet training too soon, your child may rebel and hold in stool. […] Changes in diet. Not enough fiber-rich fruits and vegetables or fluid in your child’s diet may cause constipation. […] Changes in routine. Any changes in your child’s routine such as travel, hot weather or stress can affect bowel function.

• #104 Constipation in children – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/constipation-in-children/symptoms-causes/syc-20354242

  Medications. Certain antidepressants and various other drugs can contribute to constipation. […] Cow’s milk allergy. An allergy to cow’s milk or consuming too many dairy products (cheese and cow’s milk) sometimes leads to constipation. […] Family history. Children who have family members who have experienced constipation are more likely to develop constipation. […] Medical conditions. Rarely, constipation in children indicates an anatomic malformation, a metabolic or digestive system problem, or another underlying condition.

• #105 Constipation in children – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/constipation-in-children/symptoms-causes/syc-20354242

  Medications. Certain antidepressants and various other drugs can contribute to constipation. […] Cow’s milk allergy. An allergy to cow’s milk or consuming too many dairy products (cheese and cow’s milk) sometimes leads to constipation. […] Family history. Children who have family members who have experienced constipation are more likely to develop constipation. […] Medical conditions. Rarely, constipation in children indicates an anatomic malformation, a metabolic or digestive system problem, or another underlying condition.

• #106 Constipation in children – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/constipation-in-children/symptoms-causes/syc-20354242

  Medications. Certain antidepressants and various other drugs can contribute to constipation. […] Cow’s milk allergy. An allergy to cow’s milk or consuming too many dairy products (cheese and cow’s milk) sometimes leads to constipation. […] Family history. Children who have family members who have experienced constipation are more likely to develop constipation. […] Medical conditions. Rarely, constipation in children indicates an anatomic malformation, a metabolic or digestive system problem, or another underlying condition.

• #107 Constipation in children – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/constipation-in-children/symptoms-causes/syc-20354242

  Medications. Certain antidepressants and various other drugs can contribute to constipation. […] Cow’s milk allergy. An allergy to cow’s milk or consuming too many dairy products (cheese and cow’s milk) sometimes leads to constipation. […] Family history. Children who have family members who have experienced constipation are more likely to develop constipation. […] Medical conditions. Rarely, constipation in children indicates an anatomic malformation, a metabolic or digestive system problem, or another underlying condition.

• #108

  https://www.prevention.com/health/a20465506/causes-of-constipation/

  Calcium and iron in particular have been known to trigger constipation. „Iron and calcium are bindingthey make everything stick together,” Levine says. […] „During pregnancy, the hormone progesterone relaxes the smooth muscles in the bowel, so it moves more slowly,” Levine explains. The bowel also bears the weight of your growing uterus. „The uterus sits on the bowel, squishing it, so your stool is moving through a thinner pipeit’s going to travel more slowly,” Levine adds. […] There’s little harm in taking a laxative once in a while, but daily use can lead to stoppage. Especially troublesome are the type that work by stimulating the nerves of the colon, such as Dulcolax, Ex-Lax, and Senna. „Over time, your muscles are not being used, so they can weaken,” explains Levine, and then they start to depend on the laxative effect.

• #109

  https://www.prevention.com/health/a20465506/causes-of-constipation/

  Calcium and iron in particular have been known to trigger constipation. „Iron and calcium are bindingthey make everything stick together,” Levine says. […] „During pregnancy, the hormone progesterone relaxes the smooth muscles in the bowel, so it moves more slowly,” Levine explains. The bowel also bears the weight of your growing uterus. „The uterus sits on the bowel, squishing it, so your stool is moving through a thinner pipeit’s going to travel more slowly,” Levine adds. […] There’s little harm in taking a laxative once in a while, but daily use can lead to stoppage. Especially troublesome are the type that work by stimulating the nerves of the colon, such as Dulcolax, Ex-Lax, and Senna. „Over time, your muscles are not being used, so they can weaken,” explains Levine, and then they start to depend on the laxative effect.

• #110 Why am I constipated?

  https://www.bbuk.org.uk/why-am-i-constipated/

  Pregnancy, and the associated changes in hormones, affect the bowel wall muscles and can make them sluggish. […] Other conditions that can cause constipation include: Neurological conditions including Parkinson’s Disease and Multiple Sclerosis, Colon or rectal cancer, Diabetes or Hypercalcaemia (where there is too much calcium in your blood stream), Underactive thyroid, Muscular dystrophy (a genetic condition which causes muscle wasting), Spinal cord injury, Anal fissure (a small tear of the skin just inside the anus), Inflammatory bowel disease (a condition that causes the intestines to become inflamed), Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). […] Constipation can develop without any of the above issues. This may be due to the bowel working more slowly (slow transit constipation). It may also be due to difficulties with the pelvic floor. People with learning disabilities are also more prone to constipation.

• #111 Constipation: Causes, Prevention and Therapeutic Approaches – Lainco

  https://lainco.com/en/constipation-causes-prevention-and-therapeutic-approaches/

  Therefore, the most frequent causes of constipation are the following: Sedentary lifestyle. Diet with low fiber content, causing an insufficient volume of stool. Emotional situations such as stress: Stress can affect our body in many ways, even causing constipation and imbalances in our intestinal transit. Changing routine or travel (known as travelers constipation). Pregnancy. As a consequence of hormonal changes, changes in lifestyle (more sedentary lifestyle, change of diet, etc.) or due to the pressure exerted by the uterus on the intestine in the third trimester, they can cause alterations in intestinal transit. Secondary diseases at the intestinal, metabolic or neurological level. Short or long-term pharmacological treatments.

• #112 Constipation: Causes, Prevention and Therapeutic Approaches – Lainco

  https://lainco.com/en/constipation-causes-prevention-and-therapeutic-approaches/

  Therefore, the most frequent causes of constipation are the following: Sedentary lifestyle. Diet with low fiber content, causing an insufficient volume of stool. Emotional situations such as stress: Stress can affect our body in many ways, even causing constipation and imbalances in our intestinal transit. Changing routine or travel (known as travelers constipation). Pregnancy. As a consequence of hormonal changes, changes in lifestyle (more sedentary lifestyle, change of diet, etc.) or due to the pressure exerted by the uterus on the intestine in the third trimester, they can cause alterations in intestinal transit. Secondary diseases at the intestinal, metabolic or neurological level. Short or long-term pharmacological treatments.

• #113 Constipation: Causes, Prevention and Therapeutic Approaches – Lainco

  https://lainco.com/en/constipation-causes-prevention-and-therapeutic-approaches/

  Therefore, the most frequent causes of constipation are the following: Sedentary lifestyle. Diet with low fiber content, causing an insufficient volume of stool. Emotional situations such as stress: Stress can affect our body in many ways, even causing constipation and imbalances in our intestinal transit. Changing routine or travel (known as travelers constipation). Pregnancy. As a consequence of hormonal changes, changes in lifestyle (more sedentary lifestyle, change of diet, etc.) or due to the pressure exerted by the uterus on the intestine in the third trimester, they can cause alterations in intestinal transit. Secondary diseases at the intestinal, metabolic or neurological level. Short or long-term pharmacological treatments.

• #114 Constipation | Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Support | Guts UK

  https://gutscharity.org.uk/advice-and-information/symptoms/constipation/

  This factsheet helps to explain the symptoms of constipation and what causes them. […] Constipation is a problem for some people who need to take medicines. […] Medicines can often cause constipation as a side-effect. Opioids are one of the commonest types of medication that can cause constipation. […] There is a strong connection between our brain (including our mood) and the way the gut works. This is called the gut-brain connection. […] Ignoring bowel urges can change both how the bowel muscles work and the pattern of bowel opening. […] Those designated female at birth may notice that their bowels are slower at certain times of their menstrual cycle. […] People who eat irregularly may be more prone to constipation. […] Among people with a susceptibility towards constipation, low activity might worsen symptoms.

• #115 The 10 Main Causes of Constipation

  https://resources.healthgrades.com/right-care/digestive-health/9-causes-of-constipation

  Many factors and conditions can cause or worsen constipation, such as: lack of fiber in your diet, dehydration, lack of physical activity, certain medications and supplements, changes in routine or bathroom habits, pregnancy, laxative overuse, IBS, other health conditions, such as diabetes or Parkinson’s disease.

• #116 Constipation: Causes, Symptoms, and Risk Factors | Sprint diagnostics

  https://www.sprintdiagnostics.in/blog/constipation-causes-symptoms-and-risk-factors

  Low-fiber diets, dehydration, inactivity, some medications, routine changes, high levels of stress, and underlying medical disorders are the main causes of constipation. […] A diet low in fiber can lead to constipation. Fiber adds bulk to stool and facilitates its movement through the digestive tract. Insufficient fiber intake can result in hard, dry stools that are difficult to pass. […] Yes, some medications, such as opioids, antacids containing aluminum or calcium, and certain antidepressants, can have constipation as a side effect. If you suspect a medication is causing constipation, consult your healthcare provider. […] While constipation can affect anyone, it is more common in older adults, women (especially during pregnancy and menstruation), and individuals with certain medical conditions, such as hypothyroidism or irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).

• #117 Constipation & Defecation Problems | ACG

  https://gi.org/topics/constipation-and-defection-problems/

  Constipation is one of the most frequent gastrointestinal complaints in the USA and Western countries. There are at least 2.5 million doctor visits for constipation in the USA each year, and hundreds of millions of dollars are spent on laxatives yearly. […] Constipation most commonly occurs when the stool (waste formed after eating and digestion) moves slowly through the digestive tract. Less water consumption, changes in diet, decrease in activity, and certain medicines may cause this to happen. When stool moves slowly, too much water is absorbed from the stool, and it becomes hard and dry. Another cause, bowel obstruction (blockage), is serious but uncommon. […] A good history and physical examination is all that is needed to confirm a diagnosis of constipation and to determine the likely cause. […] A combination of an adequate intake of fluids, adequate exercise, and a high-fiber diet may prevent constipation. Laxatives are sometimes a helpful addition to these measures.

Zobacz więcej