Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Constipation – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constipation

  Constipation is usually easier to prevent than to treat. Following the relief of constipation, maintenance with adequate exercise, fluid intake, and high-fiber diet is recommended. […] In chronic constipation of unknown cause, the main treatment involves the increased intake of water and fiber (either dietary or as supplements). The routine use of laxatives or enemas is discouraged, as having bowel movements may come to be dependent upon their use. […] Regular exercise can help improve chronic constipation.

• #1 Constipation: Symptoms & Causes

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/4059-constipation

  Eat a well-balanced diet with plenty of fiber. Good sources of fiber are fruits, vegetables, legumes, and whole-grain breads and cereals. Fiber and water help your colon pass stool. Most of the fiber in fruits is found in the skin, such as in apples. Fruits with seeds you can eat, like strawberries, have the most fiber. Bran is a great source of fiber, too. Eat bran cereal or add bran cereal to other foods, like soup and yogurt. People with constipation should eat between 18 and 30 grams of fiber every day. […] Drink eight 8-ounce glasses of water a day. (Note: Milk can cause constipation in some people.) Liquids that contain caffeine, such as coffee and soft drinks, can dehydrate you. You may need to stop drinking these products until your bowel habits return to normal. […] Exercise regularly. It doesnt need to be much, even walking helps a lot. […] Use a dietary supplement like magnesium for constipation. (Not everyone should take magnesium. Check with your healthcare provider before taking.) […] Move your bowels when you feel the urge. Dont wait.

• #1 8 Remedies To Relieve Constipation | Bladder & Bowel Community

  https://www.bladderandbowel.org/bowel/bowel-treatments/8-remedies-to-relieve-constipation-bladder-bowel-community/

  As a rule, eating more high-fibre foods can prevent constipation. […] There are two different types of fibre; soluble and insoluble. Soluble fibre dissolves in the intestines to form a gel-like substance which helps food move along the digestive tract. Insoluble fibre is not dissolvable and moves through the intestines without being absorbed, and adds bulk to bowel movements and helps to relieve constipation.

• #1

  https://journals.lww.com/md-journal/fulltext/2018/05180/chronic_constipation__a_review_of_literature.6.aspx

  Moreover, it has been revealed that increased fiber diet could improve symptoms in patients with normal colonic transit and anorectal function, while constipated patients with delayed colonic transit patients have not improved by increasing dietary fiber. […] Increasing fiber consumption does not make colonic transit normal, and may even worsen their symptoms through the fiber’s metabolism as a result of the gas produced. […] On the other hand, it has been demonstrated that diets with soluble fiber (i.e., psyllium or ispaghula), but not fiber insoluble diet (wheat Bran), can be associated with the improvement of the symptoms in chronic constipation. […] A systematic review showed that soluble fiber improved constipation symptoms in IBS with varying effects on abdominal pain. […] Regarding current evidence, osmotic, and stimulant laxatives should be used as first treatment strategies in patients with chronic constipation.

• #1

  https://www.healthychildren.org/English/health-issues/conditions/abdominal/Pages/constipation.aspx

  A simple way to make sure your child is getting enough fiber is by making healthful food choices. If your child is eating at least 5 servings of fruits and vegetables each day along with other foods that are good sources of fiber, there is really no need to count fiber grams. […] If you find it helpful to keep track of total grams of fiber that your child is eating, add 5 to your child’s age. For example, a 5-year-old would need about 10 grams of fiber each day. (The total daily recommended amount of up to 25 grams for adults can be used as a general guideline for children.) Some foods are high in fiber. Beans, vegetables, fruits and whole grains are good sources of fiber. […] It is important to note that fiber supplements taken without enough water can worsen your child’s constipation!

• #1 Managing Constipation during Cancer Treatment | Stanford Health Care

  https://stanfordhealthcare.org/medical-clinics/cancer-nutrition-services/managing-side-effects/constipation.html

  The following are high-fiber foods that may help to relieve constipation (if you are permitted to eat them; always consult your physician or dietitian for more information): […] Whole-grain breads and cereals […] […] Dried fruits […] […] Wheat bran […] […] Wheat germ […] […] Fresh fruits and vegetables including the skin on your potatoes […] […] Dried beans and peas […] […] Oats […] […] Barley […] […] Brown rice

• #1 Constipation

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/constipation/

  Making simple changes to your diet and lifestyle can help treat constipation. […] To make your poo softer and easier to pass: eat a healthy balanced diet and include fruits that contain sorbitol such as apples, apricots, grapes (and raisins), raspberries and strawberries. […] Drink plenty of water and other fluids and avoid alcohol. […] Gradually increase the fibre in your diet. […] Add some wheat bran, oats or linseed to your diet. […] Keep to a regular time and place and give yourself plenty of time to use the toilet. […] Do not delay if you feel the urge to poo. […] To make it easier to poo, try resting your feet on a low stool while going to the toilet. […] A daily walk or run can help you poo more regularly. […] Speak to a pharmacist if diet and lifestyle changes are not helping. […] They can suggest a suitable laxative. These are medicines that help you poo more regularly.

• #1 Constipation – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/constipation/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20354259

  Prunes, also called dried plums, have long been used to treat or prevent constipation. Prunes are a good source of fiber, but they also have naturally present agents that draw fluids into the colon. […] Laxatives are medicines that help move stool through the colon. Each laxative works somewhat differently. […] An enema is a fluid gently pumped into the rectum to help pass stool. An enema may be used when other treatments don’t work. […] A suppository is a small tube-shaped object placed in the rectum to deliver a medicine. The suppository melts at body temperature and releases the medicine. […] Biofeedback training involves working with a therapist who uses devices to help you learn to relax muscles and coordinate the use of muscles in your pelvis, rectum and anus. These exercises may correct problems with chronic constipation. […] Surgery may be necessary to correct damage or irregularities in the tissues or nerves of the colon or rectum. Surgery is usually done only when other treatments for chronic constipation haven’t worked.

• #1

  https://www.prevention.com/food-nutrition/g30856432/foods-to-help-constipation/

  Blueberries are high in insoluble fiber, which helps maintain regularity in the digestive tract and ultimately can prevent constipation, says Dr. Berookim. […] Raisins are a good source of fiber, she says, and can definitely help relieve constipation. […] These little red tart spheres contain a lot of fiber, anti-inflammatory nutrients, vitamin A, and vitamin C, which can all help lower the risk of certain chronic diseases as well as act as a constipation reliever, says Dr. Berookim, adding that they offer both insoluble and soluble fiber. […] Prunes are a good source of fiber, says Jessica Cording, M.S., R.D., author of The Little Book of Game-Changers. […] Dates have insoluble fiber with about 7 grams in a 3.5 ounce serving, says Melissa Ann Prest, D.C.N., M.S., R.D.N., spokesperson for the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics.

• #1 Management of Constipation in Older Adults | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2015/0915/p500.html

  To take advantage of the gastrocolic reflex, patients should schedule toileting after meals. […] Exercise programs do not improve symptoms of constipation in nursing home residents and older adults; however, lifestyle education, including exercise and advice on increasing fluid and fiber intake, decreased constipation in one small study. […] Biofeedback to retrain the defecation muscles may be effective for treating constipation caused by pelvic floor dysfunction. […] Most older adults with chronic constipation eventually require a laxative to alleviate symptoms. […] Enemas and suppositories can be useful for fecal impaction or in patients who cannot tolerate oral preparations. […] Bulking agents may be soluble, such as psyllium (Metamucil), or insoluble, such as bran, methylcellulose (Citrucel), and polycarbophil (Fibercon).

• #1 Constipation | OncoLink

  https://www.oncolink.org/support/side-effects/gastrointestinal-side-effects/constipation

  Constipation during cancer treatment can be caused by medications, dehydration (not drinking enough), or the tumor itself. Talk with your care team about the cause, as this can affect how it is treated. […] Increasing fiber (including Metamucil) in the diet does not often help if your constipation is caused by pain medication. In those cases, you should take a laxative after talking with your healthcare provider about which one is right for you. […] Drink 6-8 glasses of fluid per day. Try warm or hot fluids, especially in the morning. […] Increase your physical activity as much as possible. Even short walks will help decrease constipation. […] Try to have a bowel movement at a regular time each day, preferably after breakfast. […] Prune, apple, peach, and pear nectars/juices may be helpful as they have a laxative effect, but how they work varies from person to person and they may cause diarrhea.

• #1 Constipation: Symptoms, Causes, Relief, and More

  https://www.healthline.com/health/constipation

  Changing your diet and increasing your physical activity level are the easiest and fastest ways to treat and prevent constipation. […] Tips for preventing constipation are similar to those for relieving it. […] Try the following: Eat plenty of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. […] Eat high fiber foods and ask a healthcare professional about using fiber supplements. […] Include prunes or bran cereal in your diet. […] Drink plenty of water. […] Avoid alcohol and caffeine, as they can lead to dehydration. […] Get regular exercise. […] Consider adding probiotics to your diet, like those found in yogurt and kefir with live active cultures. […] Train your muscles to have a bowel movement at the same time each day. […] Some studies have shown that adding probiotics can be helpful for people with chronic constipation. If you add fiber supplements, remember to drink plenty of fluids. Fluids help fiber work more efficiently.

• #1

  https://www.prevention.com/food-nutrition/g30856432/foods-to-help-constipation/

  According to Prest, dragon fruit packs plenty of fiber, with 5 grams in each whole fruit. […] These tiny black seeds are very, very high in fiber, Cording says. […] Caffeine increases gastrointestinal motility, says Julie Upton, R.D., cofounder of nutrition website Appetite for Health. […] Papaya is another fruit that is high in fiberone medium papaya has 5 grams, says Keri Gans, R.D., author of The Small Change Diet. […] Apples contain a soluble form of fiber called pectin that turns into short-chain fatty acids in your gut, Cording explains. […] Figs are very high in fiber, Cording says, adding that because theyre so concentrated, you dont have to eat that many. […] Oats are high in soluble fiber, Cording says. […] Kiwis have a lot of fiber and fluid, but they also contain an enzyme called actinidain that helps with the digestive process, Cording says.

• #1 Constipation – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/constipation/symptoms-causes/syc-20354253

  Eat lots of high-fiber foods, including vegetables, fruits, beans and whole-grain foods. […] Eat fewer foods with low amounts of fiber such as processed foods, dairy and meats. […] Drink plenty of fluids. […] Stay active and exercise regularly. […] Don’t ignore the urge to pass stool. […] Create a regular schedule for passing stool, especially after a meal.

• #1

  https://www.prevention.com/health/a20484358/constipation-relief-home-remedies-and-more/

  1. Fiber in foods like beans, fresh fruits and vegetables, oatmeal, and whole grains soaks up water in the gut so that stool becomes softer and bulkier, which stimulates the colon to move it through the system. […] 2. Urge awareness […] Going to the bathroom whenever you feel the urge will help you stay regular. […] 3. Exercise […] Physical movement, like brisk walking and other kinds of exercise, activates contractions in the colon that help stool move through the gut. […] The good bacteria in food or supplements may help relieve constipation. One recent review of 14 clinical trials found that probiotics increased bowel movements by an average of 1.3 per week.

• #1 How To Prevent and Treat Chronic Constipation | Northwestern Medicine

  https://www.nm.org/healthbeat/healthy-tips/how-to-prevent-and-treat-constipation

  You dont have to turn to medication right away to relieve constipation. There are many other simple interventions that you can try first. […] Stay hydrated: Dehydration can cause and worsen constipation. Aim to drink at least eight to 10 cups of water per day if you are not on a fluid restriction for other medical reasons. […] Adjust your diet: A high-fiber diet is essential. Aim for 25 to 30 grams of fiber daily from food or supplements, which you can get at your pharmacy. […] Stay physically active: Regular movement can promote bowel health. Walking is an effective way to encourage bowel movements. […] Consider over-the-counter medications and supplements: Before using stool softeners, laxatives or suppositories, talk to your primary care clinician to make sure they wont interfere with any other medications you may be taking.

• #1 Constipation | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/constipation

  Most cases of constipation are successfully treated by eating a diet high in fibre, drinking more fluids and exercising daily. […] Dietary changes such as increasing the amount of fibre in the daily diet. Dietitians generally recommend about 30g of fibre every day. Good sources of fibre include wholegrain cereals, fruits, vegetables and legumes. The intake of foods such as milk, cheese, white rice, white flour and red meat should be restricted, because they tend to contribute to constipation. […] More fluids liquids help to plump out faeces. However, it is important to restrict the intake of diuretic drinks such as tea, coffee and alcohol. […] Exercise one of the many benefits of regular exercise is improved bowel motility. Ideally, exercise should be taken every day for about 30 minutes. People with a condition that affects mobility need to be as active as possible each day, as every little bit of regular exercise helps.

• #1 Management and Prevention of Constipation in ALS | ALS United Greater Chicago

  https://alsunitedchicago.org/management-and-prevention-of-constipation-in-als/

  Constipation is defined as having a bowel movement fewer than three times per week generally with hard, dry stools, difficulty with elimination, and bloating. Unfortunately, constipation is a frequent complaint with ALS. Its a symptom thats not directly but indirectly brought about by ALS. To help manage or prevent constipation it is helpful to know the most common contributing factors. […] To help manage or prevent constipation here are some alternative non-medication recommendations: Stay well hydrated by increasing fluid intake including any non-alcoholic beverages, such as water, juices, milk, and thickened liquids a liquid diet does not always contain much water, so drink plenty of water. […] Gradually increase dietary fiber intake including whole grain products (bread, cereals, pasta, brown rice), vegetables, fruit, legumes (dried peas, beans, lentils), and fiber supplements (bran, psyllium).

• #1 Treatment for Constipation – NIDDK

  https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/constipation/treatment

  You can help prevent constipation by doing some of the same things that treat constipation […] get enough fiber in your diet […] drink plenty of water and other liquids […] get regular physical activity […] try to have a bowel movement at the same time every day.

• #1 Constipation – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/constipation/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20354259

  Treatment for constipation usually begins with diet and lifestyle changes meant to increase the speed at which stool moves through the colon. […] Your doctor may recommend the following changes to relieve your constipation: […] Eat a high-fiber diet. Fiber adds bulk to stool and helps the stool hold fluids. These factors give stool the right shape and weight to move through the colon. […] Drink plenty of water. Drink water and beverages without caffeine. This keeps stools soft and prevents bloating and gas that can happen with increased dietary fiber. […] Exercise most days of the week. Regular physical activity helps improve the movement of stool through the colon. […] Use good bowel habits. Don’t avoid the urge to pass stool. Keep a schedule for passing stool. For example, try to pass stool 15 to 45 minutes after a meal because digestion helps move stool through the colon.

• #1 Constipation: Causes and Tips for Prevention

  https://www.drugtopics.com/view/constipation-causes-and-tips-for-prevention

  4. Go when you feel the urge. Withholding stool can cause stool to become dry and difficult to pass. […] 5. Consider fiber supplements. Lifestyle changes are easier said than done. […] 6. Ask about constipation in patients with hemorrhoids. Tips to relieve their constipation may help prevent hemorrhoids from developing or worsening. […] 7. Refer to a doctor. Patients with more severe constipation symptoms, such as rectal bleeding, abdominal pain, inability to pass gas, and unexplained weight loss, should be referred for evaluation.

• #1 Constipation: 7 Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention

  https://www.health.com/condition/constipation/constipation-symptoms

  The most effective thing you can do to ease constipation symptoms is to have a complete bowel movement and then work on habits that might help prevent you from getting constipated again. […] Dietary changes that can help prevent constipation include: Add prunes to your diet, which studies show can relieve constipation better than psyllium fiber. Avoid processed and prepared foods (snacks, frozen meals), which tend to be low in fiber. Drink plenty of water, especially as you increase fiber intake. Eat more fiber-rich foods (fruits, vegetables, whole grains). […] Various lifestyle factors impact bowel movements. Changes you can make to relieve constipation include the following: Adjust your posture on the toilet to promote bowel movements. How you poop—like how you sit on the toilet—can also make it easier to poop. Raise your knees by using a footstool, like the Squatty Potty. This puts your body into a squat-like position, straightening the angle between the anal canal and the rectum and helping the bowels empty faster and more completely. Increase physical activity. Moving your body can also help you move your bowels. Studies show gentle exercises like walking or QiGong can help relieve constipation. Pay attention to your body’s signals to have a bowel movement. Ignoring them can decrease the signals over time and make constipation worse. Schedule toilet times after meals when your bowels are most active. Eating triggers peristalsis—wave-like muscle contractions that start in the esophagus and run through the digestive tract, promoting the transit of food and waste. This can help you pass stool with less effort. Take bathroom breaks at set times to get your body on a regular elimination schedule.

• #1 Management and Prevention of Constipation in ALS | ALS United Greater Chicago

  https://alsunitedchicago.org/management-and-prevention-of-constipation-in-als/

  Good bowel habits including not suppressing the urge for a bowel movement (heeding the call of nature). […] Using a Squatty Potty or simply propping up the legs on a trash can to elevate it. Having a bowel movement in the natural squat position opens the colon, making elimination faster and reduce straining. […] Going to see a physical therapist to have you or your caregiver learn colon massage or pelvic floor bowel management. Colon massage is an abdominal massage that when performed correctly, can help loosen up compacted fecal matter so the muscles in the colon can move the waste along in a more effective manner. […] If these measures do not resolve the problem and/or you have not had a bowel movement in 4 days, please consult your physician.

• #1

  https://www.healthychildren.org/English/health-issues/conditions/abdominal/Pages/constipation.aspx

  One tool to improve toilet posture is the defecation posture modification device, a potty stool. This kind of stool can improve toileting posture by promoting the relaxation of the puborectalis muscle and straightening of the „ano-rectal” angle to make passing a poop easier. A recent study showed that the potty stool is safe and effective (when used with medicines) to treat functional constipation in toilet-trained children. […] There are many laxative medicines available to treat children with functional constipation including stool softeners, osmotic laxatives, stimulant laxatives, secretagogue laxatives and rectal therapies. […] Constipation should be treated with maintenance medications for at least 2 months. After the 2-month period is completed, the child should be treated for at least 1 additional month while they are asymptomatic.

• #1 Prevention of Loperamide-Induced Constipation in Mice and Alteration of 5-Hydroxytryotamine Signaling by Ligilactobacillus salivarius Li01

  https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/19/4083

  Probiotics have been shown to have the potential in use as a treatment for constipation. Probiotics are effective laxatives that can ameliorate constipation with fewer side effects compared to chemical drugs. In one double-blinded, placebo-controlled, randomized trial, it was shown that multi-strain probiotics considerably promoted spontaneous bowel movements in constipated patients. […] Our previous research has also indicated that oral administration of Ligilactobacillus salivarius Li01 (Li01) facilitated intestinal barrier recovery and gut microbiota restoration. In addition, Li01 has also been reported to be able to decrease the serum level of inflammatory cytokines and prevent bacterial translocations. Our recent study found that Li01 was related to the regulation of the 5-HT signaling pathway and promoted 5-HT synthesis. Since several studies have shown the potential of Li01 in preventing GI diseases, it can be inferred and suspected that the probiotic could be a promising agent for constipation therapy.

• #1

  https://www.prevention.com/food-nutrition/g30856432/foods-to-help-constipation/

  This veggie and many other dark, leafy greens contain a lot of fiber and magnesium, which Cording describes as natures muscle relaxer. […] Artichokes are surprisingly high in fiber, Cording says. […] Both sauerkraut and kimchi are fermented cabbagetheyre just prepared and seasoned a bit differently. […] Probiotics are healthy bacteria that are important for gut health, and could help prevent and alleviate constipation, she explains. […] A healthy diversity of gut microbes can help prevent and alleviate constipation. […] Walnuts contain healthy fats, a.k.a. omega-3 fatty acids that lube up the digestive tract.

• #1 Prophylactic use of laxative for constipation in critically ill patients

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2954377/

  This study was designed to evaluate the use of laxative prophylaxis for constipation in intensive care unit (ICU) and the impact of early versus late bowel movement on patients outcome. […] Laxative prophylaxis can be used successfully to prevent constipation in ICU patients. […] Laxative prophylaxis with lactulose can be used successfully to prevent constipation in adult mechanically ventilated patients. Timing of first bowel movement may impact the number of days on ventilator. Late bowel movement 5 days is associated with less ventilator days, compared to early 5 days bowel movement.

• #1 Constipation | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/constipation

  Laxatives there are 2 main types: bulk forming and osmotic agents that increase the water content of the stool. Agents that increase the water content may interfere with the absorption of water from the bowel, or swell or bulk up the stool with fluid. Chronic constipation that has not responded to a trial of fibre supplementation can be safely treated long term with laxatives and avoid further medical interventions. There is little evidence that chronic use of laxatives at appropriate doses will lead to a lazy or twisted bowel.

• #1 How To Prevent and Treat Chronic Constipation | Northwestern Medicine

  https://www.nm.org/healthbeat/healthy-tips/How-to-Prevent-and-Treat-Constipation

  Stool softeners: These make it easier to pass stool. Docusate is an example of a stool softener. […] Lubricant laxatives: These prevent your digestive tract from absorbing water from your poop so it can pass easily. […] Stimulant laxatives: These cause the nerves that control your colon to contract. This helps move the poop along in your digestive tract. […] Suppositories: These are inserted into the rectum and can act as both lubricant and stimulant laxatives. […] Try physical therapy (PT) for chronic constipation: Chronic constipation related to pelvic floor issues may benefit from pelvic floor therapy, including biofeedback. Biofeedback uses sensors to help you identify and relax the right muscles for bowel movements.

• #1

  https://bpac.org.nz/2019/constipation.aspx

  Optimising the treatment of any co-morbidities may reduce the severity of constipation or in some cases resolve it, e.g. in people with diabetes, CKD, hypothyroidism, electrolyte disturbances and diverticulosis. […] A prophylactic stimulant laxative, e.g. docusate with senna or bisacodyl, is recommended to prevent opioid-induced constipation. […] Osmotic laxatives are the recommended first-line laxative for older people with constipation who are not taking opioids. […] Macrogols are often preferred to lactulose when treating older people with constipation due to greater evidence of efficacy. […] Bulk-forming laxatives should not be taken by patients using opioids as reduced colonic motility may result in abdominal colic and rarely bowel obstruction. […] There is a limited role for enemas in the management of constipation in older patients. […] The duration of laxative treatment is guided by the patients response. […] If a patient has ongoing symptoms despite lifestyle and dietary change and the use of multiple laxatives, the presence of an underlying cause and the need for investigations should be reconsidered.

• #1 Management of Constipation in Older Adults | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2015/0915/p500.html

  Osmotic laxatives are not absorbable. These laxatives draw water into the intestinal lumen. […] Three RCTs involving older patients showed a benefit of docusate sodium (Colace) over placebo in the treatment of constipation. […] Senna and bisacodyl (Dulcolax) promote intestinal motility and increase fluid secretion into the bowel. […] Lubiprostone (Amitiza), a chloride channel activator that moves water into the intestinal lumen, is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for long-term treatment of chronic constipation in adults. […] Linaclotide (Linzess) increases intestinal fluid secretion and motility. It is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for chronic constipation and irritable bowel syndrome.

• #1 Constipation | Student Health and Counseling Services

  https://shcs.ucdavis.edu/health-topic/constipation

  Increase fiber including fresh fruits and vegetables, and whole grain cereals and breads. […] Increase fluids to at least one quart per day not including mealtime fluids. Avoid caffeine and alcohol which deplete body water stores. […] Eat 3 meals per day at least 4 hours apart to keep the intestines stimulated which moves stools through the bowel. […] Avoid a high-fat diet, including meats, dairy products, rich desserts or sugary sweets. […] Do not ignore the urge to have a bowel movement. […] Increase activity. Do things you enjoy and make them a part of your everyday life such as going for walks, jogging, taking care of your yard or being active in sports. Do things that keep you moving and active. […] Use of stool softener as needed at bedtime. […] Avoid frequent use of laxatives which will produce a sluggish (lazy) bowel in the long run.

• #1 Quality Assurance and Performance Improvement (QAPI) in Healthcare for Older Adults: Constipation | HIGN

  https://hign.org/consultgeri/try-this-series/quality-assurance-and-performance-improvement-qapi-healthcare-older-2

  Constipation is one of the most common complaints among older adults. The prevalence of constipation in older adults living at home is approximately 30-40%, while those in long term care facilities report rates of constipation up to 80% (Nebhinani Suthar, 2017). […] Physical changes in aging affect the developmental risk of constipation in older adults. Changes over time such as decreased mobility, a more sedentary lifestyle with lack of exercise, diets low in fiber, and changes in fluid intake all predispose older adults to a higher constipation risk. […] The best approach to begin changing bowel elimination is to perform a complete history, a psychological assessment, and a physical examination. […] Complete a gastrointestinal assessment as part of a constipation prevention program. Conduct a review of clinical practice guidelines related to constipation prevention. […] Make any recommendations or modifications based on all assessment data to ensure improvement and implementation of Clinical Practice Guideline interventions.

• #1 Management of Constipation in Older Adults | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2015/0915/p500.html

  Chronic constipation is common in adults older than 60 years, and symptoms occur in up to 50% of nursing home residents. […] Most patients are initially treated with lifestyle modifications, such as scheduled toileting after meals, increased fluid intake, and increased dietary fiber intake. […] Additional fiber intake in the form of polycarbophil, methylcellulose, or psyllium may improve symptoms. […] The recommended daily fiber intake is 20 to 35 g per day. Intake should be slowly increased over several weeks to decrease adverse effects, including flatulence, abdominal cramping, and bloating. […] Clinicians should discuss goals of treatment with patients and caregivers. The primary goal should be symptom improvement, and the secondary goal should be the passage of soft, formed stool without straining at least three times per week.

• #1 Older people and constipation: Causes, treatment, and prevention

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/elderly-and-constipation

  Constipation can be uncomfortable but, in most cases, it is treatable and preventable. […] It also discusses preventing constipation and when to contact a doctor. […] The following lifestyle factors may increase a person’s risk of constipation: not eating enough high-fiber foods, such as vegetables, fruits, whole grains; eating too many high-fat meats, dairy products, eggs, sweets, and processed foods; not drinking enough fluids, which may make stools hard and difficult to pass; changes in routine, such as traveling; not getting enough physical activity. […] Older adults can try the following home remedies for constipation: eating three meals per day and avoiding skipping meals; increasing intake of fiber-rich foods gradually; drinking 6 to 8 glasses of water per day; limiting or avoiding highly refined and processed foods; exercising regularly and including walking or other weight-bearing exercises three or more times per week; going to sleep at the same time each night, and getting good quality sleep; managing stress.

• #1

  https://bpac.org.nz/2019/constipation.aspx

  Constipation is common in older people due to factors such as multimorbidity, polypharmacy, frailty, dehydration, a lack of exercise and poor diet. […] The goal of constipation management is resolution of symptoms and a soft, fully-formed stool passed without straining at least three times per week, i.e. the lower limit of a healthy frequency of defaecation. […] Conservative interventions are first-line including advice about toileting routine, exercise and diet (ensuring adequate fibre and fluid intake). […] Optimising management of co-morbidities and the use of medicines, e.g. opioids, that can cause constipation may resolve secondary constipation. […] Treatment duration is guided by the patients response; a managed withdrawal of laxatives should be considered once the goals of care have been achieved.

• #1 Constipation (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/constipation.html

  Constipation means: […] Healthy eating and exercise habits can help prevent it. […] To prevent and treat constipation: […] Give your child more liquids. Drinking enough water and other liquids helps poop move more easily through the intestines. […] Make sure your kids eat more fiber. High-fiber foods (such as fruits, vegetables, and whole-grain bread) can help prevent constipation. […] Encourage your kids to get enough exercise. Physical activity helps the bowels get into action, so encourage your kids to get plenty of exercise. […] Develop a regular meal schedule. Eating is a natural stimulant for the bowels, so regular meals may help kids develop routine bowel habits. […] Get kids into the habit of going. If your child fights the urge to go to the bathroom, have them sit on the toilet for at least 10 minutes at about the same time each day (ideally, after a meal).

• #1 Patient education: Constipation in infants and children (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/constipation-in-infants-and-children-beyond-the-basics/print

  Constipation is a common problem in children of all ages. A child with constipation may have bowel movements less frequently than normal, or their bowel movements may be hard, large-caliber, or difficult and painful to pass. […] Constipation generally resolves with changes in diet or behavior or sometimes with medicine. You can try some of these treatments at home. If home treatment is not helpful, talk to your child’s health care provider. […] This article will focus on the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of constipation. […] Parents can help by being aware of these high-risk times, working to prevent constipation, recognizing the problem if it develops, and acting quickly so that constipation does not become a bigger problem. […] Teach your child that it is a good idea to have a bowel movement when their body says it is time to do so, and reassure them that it is okay to use the bathroom at school. This type of training from early childhood may prevent development of constipation when your child starts school.

• #1 Constipation and Serious Illness | Diagnosis and Treatment | Center to Advance Palliative Care

  https://www.capc.org/blog/how-to-help-relieve-constipation-in-patients-with-serious-illness/

  All about the impact of constipation on patients with serious illness, including how to prevent and recognize it in your patients, and how to treat it to get things moving again. […] That said, the prevention and treatment of constipation are essential to the care of all people living with serious illness. […] Anticipating that it may become a problem is essential for prevention or treatment so the person living with a serious illness does not experience the complications that come with it. […] Clinicians can educate patients about prevention techniques, including lifestyle changes such as improved nutrition and hydration, and supporting and encouraging increased mobility. […] Another important prevention technique is to start a laxative anytime opioid analgesics are used for pain or dyspnea, because they cause constipation through their interaction with opioid receptors in the gut.

• #1 Managing constipation in people taking clozapine – SPS – Specialist Pharmacy Service – The first stop for professional medicines advice

  https://www.sps.nhs.uk/articles/managing-constipation-in-people-taking-clozapine/

  Constipation in people taking clozapine can be fatal. Guidance on preventing and managing constipation in these individuals is described. […] To reduce the risk of fatalities, the MHRA advise: […] advise patients to report constipation immediately […] actively treat any constipation that occurs. […] Consider the following strategies to prevent constipation in people taking clozapine. […] Advise people taking clozapine to report constipation immediately. […] Encourage people taking clozapine or their carer to keep a note of the bowel movements […] Advise people taking clozapine to gradually increase fibre intake. […] Consider providing a rescue pack of stimulant laxatives and an osmotic laxative or a stool softener. […] Some individuals may need long-term laxatives to prevent constipation.

• #1

  https://www.allinahealth.org/healthysetgo/care/travel-constipation-causes-prevention-and-relief

  Fewer than three bowel movements a week is a sign of constipation. […] The reasons behind travel constipation can vary depending on who you are and how you’re traveling. Luckily, there are simple ways to help keep things moving while on a road trip, a long flight, or at a vacation rental. […] Stay hydrated. Drink eight, 8-ounce glasses of water daily. Water adds moisture to stools, which makes them easier to pass. […] Eat fiber-rich foods. Include helpings of fresh fruits and vegetables, whole grains and other fiber-rich foods all helpful for regulating the bowels. […] Keep moving. Incorporate physical activity on vacation each day. […] Use the bathroom when you feel the urge. Whatever the reason you hold in a bowel movement, you may be inviting a bout with constipation. […] Try acupressure. Acupressure can relieve constipation by sending energy to the gut to promote peristalsis, a wavelike movement of intestinal muscles that helps break up the stagnation of stool in your digestive system. […] Planning ahead and keeping these constipation prevention strategies in mind can help you minimize vacation stress. […] A registered dietitian or licensed nutritionist can arm you with personalized diet and lifestyle recommendations to prevent constipation, whether you’re at home or on the go.

• #1 Constipation After Surgery: What to Expect

  https://www.healthline.com/health/digestive-health/constipation-after-surgery

  Surgery can be stressful, and it can take a major toll on your body. Constipation is a common side effect of surgery that people often dont expect. […] Lifestyle and dietary changes may help prevent constipation after surgery or at least lessen its duration. […] Following a high-fiber diet before surgery can reduce your overall risk of constipation. That in turn may help you avoid constipation after surgery. […] It isnt always possible to prevent constipation after surgery, but you can take some measures beforehand to reduce its impact. […] Here are some tips: […] Drink plenty of fluids before and after surgery. […] Stock up on high-fiber foods, stool softeners, or laxatives ahead of time, so theyll ready for use during your recovery.

• #1 How to prevent and treat constipation – Today’s Hospitalist

  https://todayshospitalist.com/how-to-prevent-and-treat-constipation/

  CONSTIPATION may sound mundane, but developing it in the hospital can add more than half a day and thousands of dollars to a patients stay. […] The good news is that there is a lot that hospitalists can do to prevent patients from experiencing this bothersome and potentially dangerous symptom in the first place and then to treat it quickly and effectively if it does occur. […] Patient education is key, said Brijen Shah, MD, assistant professor of medicine, GI, geriatrics and palliative medicine at the Icahn School of Medicine at New Yorks Mount Sinai Hospital. When patients and families are educated about the topic, they end up being much more willing to try offered treatment or prophylaxis. […] For these patients and for those on high-risk medications, Dr. Shah recommended starting patients on prophylaxis such as 17 g of PEG and 5 mg of oral bisacodyl from admission.

• #1 Self-Care Measures for the Prevention and Management of Constipation

  https://www.pharmacytimes.com/view/self-care-measures-for-the-prevention-and-management-of-constipation

  Constipation is one of the most commonly reported gastrointestinal complaints for which individuals elect to use nonprescription laxatives, fiber supplements, or lifestyle measures such as increasing fiber intake. […] When no contraindications are present, occasional bouts of constipation can be typically self-managed with proper treatment, including lifestyle measures and the use of available nonprescription laxatives and fiber supplements. […] Before recommending any nonprescription products for treating and preventing constipation, pharmacists should ascertain whether self-treatment is appropriate and encourage patients with chronic or repeated episodes of constipation to seek further medical evaluation from a health care provider to identify potential causes. […] The treatment approach for constipation should consider the underlying cause, the patients medical and medication history, allergies, and the severity and duration of constipation. After consideration of patient-specific factors, initial management often involves nonpharmacological measures such as increased fluid and fiber intake (whole grains, bran, fruits, and vegetables) and behavioral changes such as exercise when suitable.

• #1 Constipation: Prevention, Causes, Treatment, and More

  https://resources.healthgrades.com/right-care/digestive-health/constipation

  If your constipation is not due to an underlying medical condition, treatment focuses on diet, lifestyle changes, and over-the-counter (OTC) medications. […] When you are constipated, you may have bowel movements that are hard, dry, and difficult or painful to pass. […] If your constipation persists, recurs, or causes you concern, seek prompt medical care. […] Constipation that is associated with bloody stool, major rectal bleeding, dizziness, fainting, or severe abdominal pain can be a symptom of a serious, potentially life threatening condition. […] In some cases, constipation can be due to a serious condition of the gastrointestinal tract, such as bowel obstruction. It is important to contact your physician if you develop persistent constipation that lasts more than a few days.

• #1 Dealing with chronic constipation – The Washington Post

  https://www.washingtonpost.com/wellness/2023/01/23/constipation-prevention-treatment/

  Always let your doctor know if you haven’t had a bowel movement in several days. For the long haul, try these strategies: […] Increase your fiber. It helps bulk up stool, making it easier to pass. Research suggests that eating five or six prunes each day is as good for chronic constipation as some laxatives, Rao says. Or try eating two kiwi-fruits a day; Chey’s research finds that it relieves constipation in about half of people, without some of the side effects of prunes, such as abdominal pain, bloating and gas. […] If you’ve tried lifestyle changes for three to four weeks and still experience some chronic constipation, see your doctor, Stevoff says. A physician can do bloodwork to rule out medical conditions, review your meds and supplements, and, if necessary, perform tests such as a colonoscopy to check for an obstruction or a blockage. […] Once the stool is removed, your doctor will recommend a laxative or other steps to prevent a recurrence, such as increasing fiber intake and staying active. You’ll also want to talk to your doctor about medications that may contribute.

• #1 Constipation: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/digestive-diseases-constipation

  Once your constipation is gone, you can prevent it from happening by: […] Eating more high-fiber foods such as fruits, vegetables, and whole grains […] […] Eating fewer low-fiber foods such as processed foods and meat […] […] Eating foods with probiotics such as yogurt and kefir […] […] Exercising or being active for at least 30 minutes a day […] […] Drinking at least eight 8-ounce glasses of water a day […] […] Avoiding alcohol and caffeine, which can dehydrate you […] […] Creating a schedule for having a bowel movement, such as after breakfast in the morning […] […] Going the bathroom when you get the urge instead of waiting […] […] Taking a fiber supplement […] […] Taking a magnesium supplement […] […] Keeping a food diary and avoiding any foods that make you feel backed up.

• #1 Management of chronic constipation in adults – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/management-of-chronic-constipation-in-adults

  Constipation is a common complaint that affects up to 15 percent of the population and may be due to a variety of causes. Initial management of chronic constipation includes dietary and lifestyle counseling, fiber supplementation, and laxative therapy. […] This topic will discuss the initial management of chronic constipation. The etiology and evaluation of chronic constipation, as well as the management of persistent, unresponsive constipation and opioid-related constipation, are discussed elsewhere: […] Optimizing fiber and fluid intake […] Strategies to increase fiber […] High-fiber foods […] Fiber supplementation if needed […] Fluid intake […] Physical activity […] Timing of defecation […] Defecation posture modification […] Fecal impaction […] Management […] Prevention of recurrence.

• #1 Self-Care Measures for the Prevention and Management of Constipation

  https://www.pharmacytimes.com/view/self-care-measures-for-the-prevention-and-management-of-constipation

  To increase fiber intake or when dietary fiber intake is insufficient, many consumers use fiber supplements as a preventive measure. […] Pharmacists can also recommend nonpharmacological measures to prevent or decrease constipation, such as consuming more fruits, vegetables, and whole grains high in fiber; drinking plenty of water (if appropriate); exercising when suitable; and not postponing bathroom trips. […] Patients should seek medical care if they experience abdominal distention or pain, fever, unexplained changes in bowel habits, blood in stool, or if symptoms do not improve or worsen after self-management.

• #2 Constipation primary prevention – wikidoc

  https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Constipation_primary_prevention

  Constipation is usually easier to prevent than to treat. The relief of constipation with osmotic agents, i.e., lactulose, polyethylene glycol (PEG), or magnesium salts, should also be immediately followed by prevention using increased fiber (fruits, vegetables, and grains) and a nightly decreasing dose of osmotic laxative. […] Effective measures for the primary prevention of constipation include fiber supplementation, appropriate fluid intake, toilet habits, and exercise. […] Including enough fibers in the daily diet is the most important primary prevention measure. […] Fluid intake is the key factor to maintain the body hydration status and firm consistency of stools. […] Ignorance to toilet urge can lead to constipation. […] It is postulated that 150 minutes of physical exercises can prevent constipation.

• #2 Constipation – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/constipation/symptoms-causes/syc-20354253

  Eat lots of high-fiber foods, including vegetables, fruits, beans and whole-grain foods. […] Eat fewer foods with low amounts of fiber such as processed foods, dairy and meats. […] Drink plenty of fluids. […] Stay active and exercise regularly. […] Don’t ignore the urge to pass stool. […] Create a regular schedule for passing stool, especially after a meal.

• #2 Management of Constipation in Older Adults | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2015/0915/p500.html

  Chronic constipation is common in adults older than 60 years, and symptoms occur in up to 50% of nursing home residents. […] Most patients are initially treated with lifestyle modifications, such as scheduled toileting after meals, increased fluid intake, and increased dietary fiber intake. […] Additional fiber intake in the form of polycarbophil, methylcellulose, or psyllium may improve symptoms. […] The recommended daily fiber intake is 20 to 35 g per day. Intake should be slowly increased over several weeks to decrease adverse effects, including flatulence, abdominal cramping, and bloating. […] Clinicians should discuss goals of treatment with patients and caregivers. The primary goal should be symptom improvement, and the secondary goal should be the passage of soft, formed stool without straining at least three times per week.

• #2

  https://www.prevention.com/health/a20484358/constipation-relief-home-remedies-and-more/

  1. Fiber in foods like beans, fresh fruits and vegetables, oatmeal, and whole grains soaks up water in the gut so that stool becomes softer and bulkier, which stimulates the colon to move it through the system. […] 2. Urge awareness […] Going to the bathroom whenever you feel the urge will help you stay regular. […] 3. Exercise […] Physical movement, like brisk walking and other kinds of exercise, activates contractions in the colon that help stool move through the gut. […] The good bacteria in food or supplements may help relieve constipation. One recent review of 14 clinical trials found that probiotics increased bowel movements by an average of 1.3 per week.

• #2 Constipation – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/constipation/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20354259

  Treatment for constipation usually begins with diet and lifestyle changes meant to increase the speed at which stool moves through the colon. […] Your doctor may recommend the following changes to relieve your constipation: […] Eat a high-fiber diet. Fiber adds bulk to stool and helps the stool hold fluids. These factors give stool the right shape and weight to move through the colon. […] Drink plenty of water. Drink water and beverages without caffeine. This keeps stools soft and prevents bloating and gas that can happen with increased dietary fiber. […] Exercise most days of the week. Regular physical activity helps improve the movement of stool through the colon. […] Use good bowel habits. Don’t avoid the urge to pass stool. Keep a schedule for passing stool. For example, try to pass stool 15 to 45 minutes after a meal because digestion helps move stool through the colon.

• #2

  https://www.healthychildren.org/English/health-issues/conditions/abdominal/Pages/constipation.aspx

  There is no specific „constipation diet” that has been shown to be effective in preventing or treating constipation. However, increasing water intake and the use of natural fibers from fruits and vegetables are a healthy option that can be recommended to children. […] Making sure that children drink enough water every day is crucial to many bodily functions. When the body does not get enough water, it becomes dehydrated and takes water from the gut and pushes it to other important places in the body, like the heart. This can be what starts the cycle to make poops harder. Increasing a child’s water intake without medicines is not an effective treatment for constipation. […] There are many sources of fiber including from foods and supplements. Food-based, natural fibers are recommended over supplements. Many fruits that children enjoy-like kiwi- are higher in fiber content. These options can be a healthy, important portion of the child’s diet.

• #2 Dealing with chronic constipation – The Washington Post

  https://www.washingtonpost.com/wellness/2023/01/23/constipation-prevention-treatment/

  Always let your doctor know if you haven’t had a bowel movement in several days. For the long haul, try these strategies: […] Increase your fiber. It helps bulk up stool, making it easier to pass. Research suggests that eating five or six prunes each day is as good for chronic constipation as some laxatives, Rao says. Or try eating two kiwi-fruits a day; Chey’s research finds that it relieves constipation in about half of people, without some of the side effects of prunes, such as abdominal pain, bloating and gas. […] If you’ve tried lifestyle changes for three to four weeks and still experience some chronic constipation, see your doctor, Stevoff says. A physician can do bloodwork to rule out medical conditions, review your meds and supplements, and, if necessary, perform tests such as a colonoscopy to check for an obstruction or a blockage. […] Once the stool is removed, your doctor will recommend a laxative or other steps to prevent a recurrence, such as increasing fiber intake and staying active. You’ll also want to talk to your doctor about medications that may contribute.

• #2

  https://www.prevention.com/food-nutrition/g30856432/foods-to-help-constipation/

  According to Prest, dragon fruit packs plenty of fiber, with 5 grams in each whole fruit. […] These tiny black seeds are very, very high in fiber, Cording says. […] Caffeine increases gastrointestinal motility, says Julie Upton, R.D., cofounder of nutrition website Appetite for Health. […] Papaya is another fruit that is high in fiberone medium papaya has 5 grams, says Keri Gans, R.D., author of The Small Change Diet. […] Apples contain a soluble form of fiber called pectin that turns into short-chain fatty acids in your gut, Cording explains. […] Figs are very high in fiber, Cording says, adding that because theyre so concentrated, you dont have to eat that many. […] Oats are high in soluble fiber, Cording says. […] Kiwis have a lot of fiber and fluid, but they also contain an enzyme called actinidain that helps with the digestive process, Cording says.

• #2 Management of Constipation in Older Adults | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2015/0915/p500.html

  Osmotic laxatives are not absorbable. These laxatives draw water into the intestinal lumen. […] Three RCTs involving older patients showed a benefit of docusate sodium (Colace) over placebo in the treatment of constipation. […] Senna and bisacodyl (Dulcolax) promote intestinal motility and increase fluid secretion into the bowel. […] Lubiprostone (Amitiza), a chloride channel activator that moves water into the intestinal lumen, is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for long-term treatment of chronic constipation in adults. […] Linaclotide (Linzess) increases intestinal fluid secretion and motility. It is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for chronic constipation and irritable bowel syndrome.

• #2

  http://www.bccancer.bc.ca/health-info/coping-with-cancer/managing-symptoms-side-effects/constipation-caused-by-your-medications

  Call your health care team if you: Feel the protocol is not working for you. You may need an osmotic laxative call lactulose syrup. This is sometimes necessary when you have reached the highest step on your protocol and you are still constipated. […] DO NOT use liquid laxatives that have mineral oil or magnesium in them. Brands such as Magnolax, Agarol, or Milk of Magnesia may not be safe to use. Talk to your health care team first. […] DO NOT take bulk-forming laxatives like Metamucil or Prodiem. These are forms of fibre, which do not work for medication-related constipation. They will make bowel movements very hard if you do not drink enough fluids. […] DO NOT take a suppository or use an enema before speaking with your health care team if you think your white blood cell or platelet counts might be low. Some cancer treatments increase your risk of having low white blood cells or low platelets. White blood cells help fight infection. Platelets help your body to stop bleeding. […] DO NOT take Docusate (example: „Colace”). This is a stool softener. It does not help opioid-related constipation and we do not recommend that you take this.

• #2 How To Prevent and Treat Chronic Constipation | Northwestern Medicine

  https://www.nm.org/healthbeat/healthy-tips/how-to-prevent-and-treat-constipation

  You dont have to turn to medication right away to relieve constipation. There are many other simple interventions that you can try first. […] Stay hydrated: Dehydration can cause and worsen constipation. Aim to drink at least eight to 10 cups of water per day if you are not on a fluid restriction for other medical reasons. […] Adjust your diet: A high-fiber diet is essential. Aim for 25 to 30 grams of fiber daily from food or supplements, which you can get at your pharmacy. […] Stay physically active: Regular movement can promote bowel health. Walking is an effective way to encourage bowel movements. […] Consider over-the-counter medications and supplements: Before using stool softeners, laxatives or suppositories, talk to your primary care clinician to make sure they wont interfere with any other medications you may be taking.

• #2

  https://www.allinahealth.org/healthysetgo/care/travel-constipation-causes-prevention-and-relief

  Fewer than three bowel movements a week is a sign of constipation. […] The reasons behind travel constipation can vary depending on who you are and how you’re traveling. Luckily, there are simple ways to help keep things moving while on a road trip, a long flight, or at a vacation rental. […] Stay hydrated. Drink eight, 8-ounce glasses of water daily. Water adds moisture to stools, which makes them easier to pass. […] Eat fiber-rich foods. Include helpings of fresh fruits and vegetables, whole grains and other fiber-rich foods all helpful for regulating the bowels. […] Keep moving. Incorporate physical activity on vacation each day. […] Use the bathroom when you feel the urge. Whatever the reason you hold in a bowel movement, you may be inviting a bout with constipation. […] Try acupressure. Acupressure can relieve constipation by sending energy to the gut to promote peristalsis, a wavelike movement of intestinal muscles that helps break up the stagnation of stool in your digestive system. […] Planning ahead and keeping these constipation prevention strategies in mind can help you minimize vacation stress. […] A registered dietitian or licensed nutritionist can arm you with personalized diet and lifestyle recommendations to prevent constipation, whether you’re at home or on the go.

• #2 Constipation | Student Health and Counseling Services

  https://shcs.ucdavis.edu/health-topic/constipation

  Increase fiber including fresh fruits and vegetables, and whole grain cereals and breads. […] Increase fluids to at least one quart per day not including mealtime fluids. Avoid caffeine and alcohol which deplete body water stores. […] Eat 3 meals per day at least 4 hours apart to keep the intestines stimulated which moves stools through the bowel. […] Avoid a high-fat diet, including meats, dairy products, rich desserts or sugary sweets. […] Do not ignore the urge to have a bowel movement. […] Increase activity. Do things you enjoy and make them a part of your everyday life such as going for walks, jogging, taking care of your yard or being active in sports. Do things that keep you moving and active. […] Use of stool softener as needed at bedtime. […] Avoid frequent use of laxatives which will produce a sluggish (lazy) bowel in the long run.

• #2

  https://bpac.org.nz/2019/constipation.aspx

  The primary goal of treatment of constipation is symptom resolution. […] The secondary goal is a soft, fully-formed stool passed at least three times per week without straining. […] Improvements in lifestyle, which also increase general health and quality of life, are the first-line interventions for constipation, including: Regular morning exercise, e.g. walking or swimming; A caffeinated beverage in the morning, which can have a stimulating effect on colonic activity; A breakfast high in fibre; Fluid intake of at least 1.52 L per day; this may be inappropriate for some patients with heart failure or advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD). […] Dietary fibre should be titrated upwards to prevent bloating and flatulence. […] The best times to attempt defaecation are first thing in the morning or within 30 minutes of eating a meal when the gastro-colic reflex increases colonic motor activity.

• #2 Constipation: Causes and Tips for Prevention

  https://www.drugtopics.com/view/constipation-causes-and-tips-for-prevention

  Constipation is among the most common gastrointestinal complaints and can be a cause of considerable discomfort. […] A common culprit in constipation is a poor diet with insufficient fluid and fiber; lack of exercise can also be a contributing factor. […] The cornerstone of constipation relief and prevention is lifestyle changes. The following are tips that pharmacists can give patients with acute constipation: 1. Eat more fiber. Fiber helps prevent constipation by increasing the bulk of stool and speeding transit in the gastrointestinal tract. […] 2. Drink water. Increased consumption of fiber should always be paired with increased fluid intake. Higher water content in the stool makes it softer and easier to pass. […] 3. Exercise. Physical activity enhances gastric motility in addition to its many other beneficial effects on health.

• #2 Constipation: Causes, Symptoms and Prevention Tips | Apollo

  https://www.apollohospitals.com/health-library/5-lifestyle-habits-that-can-help-you-prevent-constipation

  Simple lifestyle changes and adopting home remedies for constipation can have a cumulative impact on your digestive system and help relieve your constipation. […] Most cases of constipation are cured by taking proper self-care such as consuming more fibre, drinking adequate water, and getting more exercise. […] Include fiber gradually. Slowly add fiber to your diet over a week to ease the stool movement. If you increase the fiber content too quickly, you may feel gassy and bloated. […] Stay well hydrated. Drink more fluids coupled with adding fibre to your diet. […] Follow a proper exercise routine. Make sure you exercise at least 20 minutes for 3 days a week. If you are short on time, break up your daily activity into multiple sessions.

• #2 Management of Constipation in Older Adults | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2015/0915/p500.html

  To take advantage of the gastrocolic reflex, patients should schedule toileting after meals. […] Exercise programs do not improve symptoms of constipation in nursing home residents and older adults; however, lifestyle education, including exercise and advice on increasing fluid and fiber intake, decreased constipation in one small study. […] Biofeedback to retrain the defecation muscles may be effective for treating constipation caused by pelvic floor dysfunction. […] Most older adults with chronic constipation eventually require a laxative to alleviate symptoms. […] Enemas and suppositories can be useful for fecal impaction or in patients who cannot tolerate oral preparations. […] Bulking agents may be soluble, such as psyllium (Metamucil), or insoluble, such as bran, methylcellulose (Citrucel), and polycarbophil (Fibercon).

• #2 Constipation – symptoms and treatment | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/constipation

  Constipation can usually be treated by drinking enough water, eating more foods with fibre and exercising more. […] Good toilet habits can help improve or prevent constipation. […] You can help prevent constipation by practising good toilet habits. These help to improve your bowel health. […] Always go to the toilet when you get the urge to do a poo don’t ignore it or wait until later. […] Make sure that you use the correct sitting position when you’re on the toilet. Sit on the toilet, place your elbows on your knees and lean forward. You can support your feet with a footstool. This helps to fully relax your pelvic floor and muscles around your bottom (anus).

• #2 How To Prevent and Treat Chronic Constipation | Northwestern Medicine

  https://www.nm.org/healthbeat/healthy-tips/how-to-prevent-and-treat-constipation

  Stool softeners: These make it easier to pass stool. Docusate is an example of a stool softener. […] Lubricant laxatives: These prevent your digestive tract from absorbing water from your poop so it can pass easily. […] Stimulant laxatives: These cause the nerves that control your colon to contract. This helps move the poop along in your digestive tract. […] Suppositories: These are inserted into the rectum and can act as both lubricant and stimulant laxatives. […] Try physical therapy (PT) for chronic constipation: Chronic constipation related to pelvic floor issues may benefit from pelvic floor therapy, including biofeedback. […] Squatty Potties, also known as poop stools, have become more popular in the United States in recent years, but have been used for hundreds of years in other countries. This device is a stool placed around your toilet to adjust your posture, raising your knees toward your abdomen. This position helps elongate your colon, which may make it easier to have a bowel movement without straining. However, there is no evidence linking the regular use of these stools to the prevention of constipation.

• #2 Prevention of Loperamide-Induced Constipation in Mice and Alteration of 5-Hydroxytryotamine Signaling by Ligilactobacillus salivarius Li01

  https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/19/4083

  Probiotics have been shown to have the potential in use as a treatment for constipation. Probiotics are effective laxatives that can ameliorate constipation with fewer side effects compared to chemical drugs. In one double-blinded, placebo-controlled, randomized trial, it was shown that multi-strain probiotics considerably promoted spontaneous bowel movements in constipated patients. […] Our previous research has also indicated that oral administration of Ligilactobacillus salivarius Li01 (Li01) facilitated intestinal barrier recovery and gut microbiota restoration. In addition, Li01 has also been reported to be able to decrease the serum level of inflammatory cytokines and prevent bacterial translocations. Our recent study found that Li01 was related to the regulation of the 5-HT signaling pathway and promoted 5-HT synthesis. Since several studies have shown the potential of Li01 in preventing GI diseases, it can be inferred and suspected that the probiotic could be a promising agent for constipation therapy.

• #2 Prevention of Loperamide-Induced Constipation in Mice and Alteration of 5-Hydroxytryotamine Signaling by Ligilactobacillus salivarius Li01

  https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/19/4083

  The results suggested that a constipation mouse model was successfully established and that the probiotic Li01 was able to relieve constipation-associated symptoms such as improving the water content of feces, fecal quantity, and morphology. […] These results indicate that Li01 may increase gut motility and improve intestinal fluid secretion in constipated mice through modulation of the humoral regulation system, specifically adjusting the serum levels of gastrointestinal regulatory-related peptides such as VIP, SP, and SST. […] Our data show that the gut microbiota can be modulated by Li01 intervention in mice with loperamide-induced constipation by increasing the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes and the abundance of genera Rikenellaceae_RC9. Li01 changes the 5-HT signaling, with increased expression of Tph1 and 5-HTR3 and 5-HTR4, leading to elevated levels of 5-HT in the colon and enhanced gut motility and fluid secretion.

• #2

  https://bpac.org.nz/2019/constipation.aspx

  Optimising the treatment of any co-morbidities may reduce the severity of constipation or in some cases resolve it, e.g. in people with diabetes, CKD, hypothyroidism, electrolyte disturbances and diverticulosis. […] A prophylactic stimulant laxative, e.g. docusate with senna or bisacodyl, is recommended to prevent opioid-induced constipation. […] Osmotic laxatives are the recommended first-line laxative for older people with constipation who are not taking opioids. […] Macrogols are often preferred to lactulose when treating older people with constipation due to greater evidence of efficacy. […] Bulk-forming laxatives should not be taken by patients using opioids as reduced colonic motility may result in abdominal colic and rarely bowel obstruction. […] There is a limited role for enemas in the management of constipation in older patients. […] The duration of laxative treatment is guided by the patients response. […] If a patient has ongoing symptoms despite lifestyle and dietary change and the use of multiple laxatives, the presence of an underlying cause and the need for investigations should be reconsidered.

• #2 Laxatives, Stool Softeners, and Prokinetic Agents: Laxatives, Stool Softeners, and Prokinetic Agents

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2172208-overview

  Constipation is a symptom with various etiologies and can be associated with many factors that contribute to its presentation. […] The choice of laxative for treatment or prevention of constipation depends on the etiology. […] Emollient stool softeners are used for prophylaxis against constipation in acute and subacute settings (eg, postoperative opioid-induced constipation).

• #2 Constipation and Serious Illness | Diagnosis and Treatment | Center to Advance Palliative Care

  https://www.capc.org/blog/how-to-help-relieve-constipation-in-patients-with-serious-illness/

  All about the impact of constipation on patients with serious illness, including how to prevent and recognize it in your patients, and how to treat it to get things moving again. […] That said, the prevention and treatment of constipation are essential to the care of all people living with serious illness. […] Anticipating that it may become a problem is essential for prevention or treatment so the person living with a serious illness does not experience the complications that come with it. […] Clinicians can educate patients about prevention techniques, including lifestyle changes such as improved nutrition and hydration, and supporting and encouraging increased mobility. […] Another important prevention technique is to start a laxative anytime opioid analgesics are used for pain or dyspnea, because they cause constipation through their interaction with opioid receptors in the gut.

• #2 Constipation: Care Instructions | Kaiser Permanente

  https://healthy.kaiserpermanente.org/health-wellness/health-encyclopedia/he.constipation-care-instructions.ut1878

  A few changes in your diet and lifestyle may help you avoid ongoing constipation. […] Include high-fiber foods in your diet each day. These include fruits, vegetables, beans, and whole grains. […] Take a fiber supplement, such as Citrucel or Metamucil, every day. Read and follow all instructions on the label. […] Your doctor may recommend an over-the-counter laxative to relieve your constipation. Examples are Milk of Magnesia and MiraLax. Read and follow all instructions on the label. Do not use laxatives on a long-term basis.

• #2 Older people and constipation: Causes, treatment, and prevention

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/elderly-and-constipation

  Constipation can be uncomfortable but, in most cases, it is treatable and preventable. […] It also discusses preventing constipation and when to contact a doctor. […] The following lifestyle factors may increase a person’s risk of constipation: not eating enough high-fiber foods, such as vegetables, fruits, whole grains; eating too many high-fat meats, dairy products, eggs, sweets, and processed foods; not drinking enough fluids, which may make stools hard and difficult to pass; changes in routine, such as traveling; not getting enough physical activity. […] Older adults can try the following home remedies for constipation: eating three meals per day and avoiding skipping meals; increasing intake of fiber-rich foods gradually; drinking 6 to 8 glasses of water per day; limiting or avoiding highly refined and processed foods; exercising regularly and including walking or other weight-bearing exercises three or more times per week; going to sleep at the same time each night, and getting good quality sleep; managing stress.

• #2 Managing constipation in people taking clozapine – SPS – Specialist Pharmacy Service – The first stop for professional medicines advice

  https://www.sps.nhs.uk/articles/managing-constipation-in-people-taking-clozapine/

  Actively treat constipation if the individual has not passed a bowel movement in two days and intestinal obstruction has been excluded. […] Ensure you do the following: […] Develop a plan with the individual to prevent future episodes of constipation. […] Report constipation and obstruction adverse drug reactions in people taking clozapine to the MHRA by completing a Yellow Card. […] A reminder in prescribing systems highlighting the risk of constipation with clozapine.

• #2 How to prevent and treat constipation – Today’s Hospitalist

  https://todayshospitalist.com/how-to-prevent-and-treat-constipation/

  Dr. Shah also urged hospitalists to work with nurses to improve patients mobility. […] While hospitalists can choose from a number of medications, Dr. Shah said the evidence is best with PEG osmotic-type laxatives and lactulose. […] Spending a little time on patient education, he said, will also prevent patients from quitting a prophylactic regimen you order.

• #2 Self-Care Measures for the Prevention and Management of Constipation

  https://www.pharmacytimes.com/view/self-care-measures-for-the-prevention-and-management-of-constipation

  To increase fiber intake or when dietary fiber intake is insufficient, many consumers use fiber supplements as a preventive measure. […] Pharmacists can also recommend nonpharmacological measures to prevent or decrease constipation, such as consuming more fruits, vegetables, and whole grains high in fiber; drinking plenty of water (if appropriate); exercising when suitable; and not postponing bathroom trips. […] Patients should seek medical care if they experience abdominal distention or pain, fever, unexplained changes in bowel habits, blood in stool, or if symptoms do not improve or worsen after self-management.

• #2 Constipation: Prevention, Causes, Treatment, and More

  https://resources.healthgrades.com/right-care/digestive-health/constipation

  Once the underlying cause is diagnosed, following the treatment plan outlined by your doctor can lower your risk of potential complications, including: anal fissure, fecal impaction, hemorrhoid, peritonitis and shock from intestinal obstruction, rectal bleeding, rectal prolapse. […] […] […] Learn more about treatments for constipation here.

• #2 Prevention and management of constipation in adults

  https://journals.rcni.com/nursing-standard/prevention-and-management-of-constipation-in-adults-ns.29.32.49.e9571

  Constipation is a common, often chronic, condition that is a health concern for providers of care. […] Initial management of chronic constipation should include lifestyle changes and increased fibre and fluids. […] This article provides an overview of the strategies used to prevent constipation in adults as well as the possible treatment options available.

• #2

  https://journals.lww.com/md-journal/fulltext/2018/05180/chronic_constipation__a_review_of_literature.6.aspx

  Furthermore, there is good evidence of efficacy for using PEG with substantial osmotic activity such as a controlled trial with duration of 6 months. […] A new agent is required when the laxatives are not effective in reducing symptoms; therefore, lubiprostone and linaclotide can be considered 2 favorable drugs. […] Biofeedback therapy is a useful method for improving bowel symptoms and dyssynergic defecation. […] Surgical interventions may be applied if medical treatment was failed in constipated patients.

• #2 Constipation: 7 Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention

  https://www.health.com/condition/constipation/constipation-symptoms

  The most effective thing you can do to ease constipation symptoms is to have a complete bowel movement and then work on habits that might help prevent you from getting constipated again. […] Dietary changes that can help prevent constipation include: Add prunes to your diet, which studies show can relieve constipation better than psyllium fiber. Avoid processed and prepared foods (snacks, frozen meals), which tend to be low in fiber. Drink plenty of water, especially as you increase fiber intake. Eat more fiber-rich foods (fruits, vegetables, whole grains). […] Various lifestyle factors impact bowel movements. Changes you can make to relieve constipation include the following: Adjust your posture on the toilet to promote bowel movements. How you poop—like how you sit on the toilet—can also make it easier to poop. Raise your knees by using a footstool, like the Squatty Potty. This puts your body into a squat-like position, straightening the angle between the anal canal and the rectum and helping the bowels empty faster and more completely. Increase physical activity. Moving your body can also help you move your bowels. Studies show gentle exercises like walking or QiGong can help relieve constipation. Pay attention to your body’s signals to have a bowel movement. Ignoring them can decrease the signals over time and make constipation worse. Schedule toilet times after meals when your bowels are most active. Eating triggers peristalsis—wave-like muscle contractions that start in the esophagus and run through the digestive tract, promoting the transit of food and waste. This can help you pass stool with less effort. Take bathroom breaks at set times to get your body on a regular elimination schedule.

• #3 Constipation | Student Health and Counseling Services

  https://shcs.ucdavis.edu/health-topic/constipation

  Increase fiber including fresh fruits and vegetables, and whole grain cereals and breads. […] Increase fluids to at least one quart per day not including mealtime fluids. Avoid caffeine and alcohol which deplete body water stores. […] Eat 3 meals per day at least 4 hours apart to keep the intestines stimulated which moves stools through the bowel. […] Avoid a high-fat diet, including meats, dairy products, rich desserts or sugary sweets. […] Do not ignore the urge to have a bowel movement. […] Increase activity. Do things you enjoy and make them a part of your everyday life such as going for walks, jogging, taking care of your yard or being active in sports. Do things that keep you moving and active. […] Use of stool softener as needed at bedtime. […] Avoid frequent use of laxatives which will produce a sluggish (lazy) bowel in the long run.

• #3 Constipation (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/constipation.html

  Constipation means: […] Healthy eating and exercise habits can help prevent it. […] To prevent and treat constipation: […] Give your child more liquids. Drinking enough water and other liquids helps poop move more easily through the intestines. […] Make sure your kids eat more fiber. High-fiber foods (such as fruits, vegetables, and whole-grain bread) can help prevent constipation. […] Encourage your kids to get enough exercise. Physical activity helps the bowels get into action, so encourage your kids to get plenty of exercise. […] Develop a regular meal schedule. Eating is a natural stimulant for the bowels, so regular meals may help kids develop routine bowel habits. […] Get kids into the habit of going. If your child fights the urge to go to the bathroom, have them sit on the toilet for at least 10 minutes at about the same time each day (ideally, after a meal).

• #3 8 ways to get constipation relief – Harvard Health

  https://www.health.harvard.edu/staying-healthy/8-ways-to-get-constipation-relief

  Stimulant laxatives provide constipation relief by causing the intestines to contract more frequently or more forcefully, encouraging stool to move through the colon. […] Enemas are another option for constipation relief. They mechanically flush stool from the rectum and lower part of the large intestine. […] If self-care treatments don’t work, you should see your doctor for constipation relief. Your doctor may prescribe a medicine to treat your constipation. […] A high-fiber diet, stool-softening medication, or laxative may be recommended to promote regular bowel movements.

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