Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Atrioventricular Canal Defect – Children’s Hospital of Orange County

  https://choc.org/heart/congenital-heart-defects/atrioventricular-canal-defect/

  Atrioventricular canal (AV canal or AVC) defect is a congenital heart defect. That means it is present at birth. Other terms used to describe this defect are endocardial cushion defect and atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD). […] Atrioventricular canal defects occur in a small percentage of congenital heart disease cases and are more common in infants with Down syndrome. […] Specific treatment for atrioventricular canal defect is determined by the child’s healthcare team based on: The child’s age, overall health and medical history; Extent of the disease; The child’s tolerance for specific medications, procedures or therapies; Expectations for the course of the disease; The family’s opinion or preference. […] AV canal defect is treated with surgery. Medications may be necessary until the operation is done.

• #2 Atrioventricular Canal Defects | Texas Children’s

  https://www.texaschildrens.org/content/conditions/atrioventricular-canal-defects

  Atrioventricular (AV) canal defects are congenital heart defects, meaning they are present at birth. The condition occurs when the heart doesn’t form correctly during fetal development. It is often associated with Down syndrome. It can be associated with other heart abnormalities as well. […] Surgery is typically performed during infancy to correct the defects. […] Surgery is typically performed within the first year of life to repair the defect. For newborns with a complete atrioventricular canal defect, surgery within the first 3-6 months may be necessary. […] Surgery is required after birth to repair the atrioventricular canal defect. Surgery is typically recommended within the first year of life. In some cases, the condition may be managed with medications until the baby is big enough for surgery. […] Children born with an atrioventricular canal defect require lifelong follow-up care by a cardiologist experienced in congenital heart conditions, to monitor for any complications.

• #3 Atrioventricular Canal Defect (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/av-canal-defect.html

  A baby with a complete AV canal usually starts showing symptoms in the first days or weeks of life. These can include: […] A baby with a partial AV canal may have milder symptoms that aren’t noticed until later in childhood or early adulthood. […] Cardiologists (heart doctors) and cardiothoracic surgeons (heart surgeons) work with a team of pediatric specialists to treat AV canal. Most babies with AV canal will need surgery. Other treatments include: nutritional support: Some babies get too tired to eat a full meal and need to be fed through a nasogastric tube that goes from their nose into their stomach. […] Learn as much as you can about AV canal and the treatments your child needs. This will help you work with the care team and better help your child. Be sure to ask when you have questions.

• #4 Atrioventricular Canal Defect | Dayton Children’s Hospital

  https://www.childrensdayton.org/kidshealth/a/av-canal-defect

  A baby with a complete AV canal usually starts showing symptoms in the first days or weeks of life. These can include: […] A baby with a partial AV canal may have milder symptoms that aren’t noticed until later in childhood or early adulthood. […] Cardiologists (heart doctors) and cardiothoracic surgeons (heart surgeons) work with a team of pediatric specialists to treat AV canal. Most babies with AV canal will need surgery. Other treatments include: […] Some babies get too tired to eat a full meal and need to be fed through a nasogastric tube that goes from their nose into their stomach. […] Different medicines can help a baby’s heart pump better, make sure the baby gets enough oxygen, and help with symptoms caused by heart failure. […] Learn as much as you can about AV canal and the treatments your child needs. This will help you work with the care team and better help your child. Be sure to ask when you have questions.

• #5 Atrioventricular canal defect – Diagnosis & treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/atrioventricular-canal-defect/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20361528

  Surgery is needed to treat a complete or partial atrioventricular canal defect. More than one surgery may be needed. Surgery involves using one or two patches to close the hole in the heart wall. The patches stay in the heart. They become part of the heart’s wall as the heart’s lining grows over them. […] After congenital heart defect surgery, regular checkups are needed for life by a doctor trained in heart diseases. This type of care provider is called a cardiologist. Your provider will tell you how often you need an appointment or imaging tests. […] Adults with a congenital heart defect treated in childhood may need care from an adult congenital cardiologist. Special attention and care may be needed around the time of future surgical procedures, even those that do not involve the heart.

• #6 Atrioventricular Canal (AVC) Defects | Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia

  https://www.chop.edu/conditions-diseases/atrioventricular-canal-defects

  Complete CAVC requires surgery, usually within the first two or three months of life. The surgeon will close the large hole with one or two patches. The patches are stitched into the heart muscle, and as the child grows, the tissue grows over the patches. […] After surgery, patients initially recover in the Evelyn and Daniel M Tabas Cardiac Intensive Care Unit (CICU), where they receive around-the-clock attention from a team of dedicated cardiac critical care medicine specialists and specially trained cardiac nurses. As patients improve, they are moved to the Cardiac Care Unit before ultimately discharged home. […] A child who has had surgical repair of an atrioventricular canal defect will require life-long care by a cardiologist. […] Patients will need to carefully follow doctors’ advice, including staying on any medications prescribed. […] Sometimes children with atrioventricular canal defects experience heart problems later in life, including irregular heartbeat (arrhythmia) and leaky or narrowing valves. Medicine, additional surgery and/or cardiac catheterization may be required.

• #7 Atrioventricular Septal Defect | Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment

  https://www.cincinnatichildrens.org/health/a/avsd

  Atrioventricular septal defects (AVSD) are a common group of congenital heart defects. […] Infants with symptoms of atrioventricular septal defects may have improvement in their symptoms with medicine. In all cases, corrective heart surgery will be needed. […] Surgery typically occurs at 3-6 months for infants with a complete atrioventricular septal defect. Surgery happens around 6-18 months for infants with a partial atrioventricular septal defect. […] Repair of the atrioventricular septal defect lowers the pressure in the pulmonary artery. It allows the arteries to relax before they become permanently narrow. […] Follow-up visits with the cardiologist are important throughout the child’s life to look at valve and heart muscle function. Antibiotic prophylaxis for endocarditis is recommended if there are any remaining holes or significant valve leakage.

• #8 Atrioventricular (AV) Canal Defect | Boston Children’s Hospital

  https://www.childrenshospital.org/conditions/atrioventricular-canal-defect

  After your baby’s operation and hospital stay (usually five to seven days), he or she will need to be followed by a pediatric cardiologist, who will offer recommendations for post-operative follow-up care, including: […] Wound care while your baby is healing […] A nutritional program to encourage weight gain […] An oral hygiene program to prevent infection […] An appropriate exercise regimen to build body mass and achieve fitness […] As your baby recovers and grows, be sure to follow a regular program of well-baby/well-child checkups. […] Specific treatments for atrioventricular canal defect (AV canal) depend on the extent of the disease — which can range from a single defect to a full combination of defects (complete). AV canal is almost always treated by surgical repair of the defects. Medications may be helpful and improve symptoms until the operation is performed. […] Most children with complete AV canal undergo surgery by the age of 3 to 6 months. Children with partial and transitional AV canal undergo surgery later — 1 to 2 years old. Children with Down syndrome may develop symptoms earlier than other children and may need to have surgery at an earlier age.

• #9 Atrioventricular Canal (AVC) Defect | Children’s Mercy Kansas City

  https://www.childrensmercy.org/departments-and-clinics/heart-center/understanding-atrioventricular-canal-defect/

  Children with certain heart defects are at risk for developing an infection of the valves of the heart known as bacterial endocarditis. It is important that you inform all medical personnel that your child has an atrioventricular canal defect so they may determine if the antibiotics are necessary before any major procedure. […] The surgical repair usually occurs within the first 6 months of life. Children with Down syndrome may develop lung problems earlier than other children, and may need to have surgical repair at an earlier age. The goal is to repair the septal openings with patches and repair the valves with sutures before the lungs become damaged from too much blood flow and pressure. Your child’s cardiologist will recommend when the repair should be performed based on results from your tests.

• #10 Atrioventricular Septal Defect | Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment

  https://www.cincinnatichildrens.org/health/a/avsd

  Atrioventricular septal defects (AVSD) are a common group of congenital heart defects. […] Infants with symptoms of atrioventricular septal defects may have improvement in their symptoms with medicine. In all cases, corrective heart surgery will be needed. […] Surgery typically occurs at 3-6 months for infants with a complete atrioventricular septal defect. Surgery happens around 6-18 months for infants with a partial atrioventricular septal defect. […] Repair of the atrioventricular septal defect lowers the pressure in the pulmonary artery. It allows the arteries to relax before they become permanently narrow. […] Follow-up visits with the cardiologist are important throughout the child’s life to look at valve and heart muscle function. Antibiotic prophylaxis for endocarditis is recommended if there are any remaining holes or significant valve leakage.

• #11 Atrioventricular Canal (AVC) Defects | Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia

  https://www.chop.edu/conditions-diseases/atrioventricular-canal-defects

  Complete CAVC requires surgery, usually within the first two or three months of life. The surgeon will close the large hole with one or two patches. The patches are stitched into the heart muscle, and as the child grows, the tissue grows over the patches. […] After surgery, patients initially recover in the Evelyn and Daniel M Tabas Cardiac Intensive Care Unit (CICU), where they receive around-the-clock attention from a team of dedicated cardiac critical care medicine specialists and specially trained cardiac nurses. As patients improve, they are moved to the Cardiac Care Unit before ultimately discharged home. […] A child who has had surgical repair of an atrioventricular canal defect will require life-long care by a cardiologist. […] Patients will need to carefully follow doctors’ advice, including staying on any medications prescribed. […] Sometimes children with atrioventricular canal defects experience heart problems later in life, including irregular heartbeat (arrhythmia) and leaky or narrowing valves. Medicine, additional surgery and/or cardiac catheterization may be required.

• #12 Atrioventricular Septal Defect | Nationwide Children’s

  https://www.nationwidechildrens.org/conditions/atrioventricular-septal-defect

  After surgery, your baby will go to the Cardiothoracic Intensive Care Unit (CTICU). They may be on a breathing machine and have many tubes, wires, and equipment to keep them stable and make sure they are okay. Members of their health care team may make changes to your babys medicines and breathing machine often. This will happen the most in the first 24 to 48 hours after surgery. […] For all babies, growth and nutrition are an important part of their care. Your baby will be able to eat as soon as they are stable and safe. This may be the first chest/breastfeeding in the delivery room, or it may be after surgery. […] Your hospital stay after birth may be a couple of days or as long as weeks to months. This depends on the type of heart disease, surgery, prematurity, genetic syndrome, or other problems. […] You will need to do CPR training in the Columbus Blue Jackets Family Resource Center before you leave. […] Your cardiologist will follow up with your babys heart needs even after they are discharged from the hospital.

• #13 Atrioventricular Canal Defect – Children’s Hospital of Orange County

  https://choc.org/heart/congenital-heart-defects/atrioventricular-canal-defect/

  Infection control. Children with certain heart defects are at risk for developing an infection of the valves of the heart known as bacterial endocarditis. It is important for parents to inform all medical personnel of their child’s atrioventricular canal defect so they may decide if antibiotics are necessary before any major procedure. […] The goal is to close the septal openings and repair the valves before the lungs become damaged from too much blood flow and pressure. […] Children spend time in the cardiovascular intensive care unit (CVICU) after an AV canal repair. […] Patients are kept as comfortable as possible with several different medications—some relieve pain and relieve anxiety. […] Most infants and older children feel comfortable when they go home. Pain medications, such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen, may be recommended to keep the child comfortable. […] After surgery, older children can usually handle small amounts of light activity. Right after surgery, children may become tired easily and sleep more than they did before the procedure. Within a few weeks, however, the child may be fully recovered.

• #14 Atrioventricular Canal Defects – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557511/

  The definitive management of complete atrioventricular canal defect (CAVCD) is the surgical correction of the defect as early as possible. However, overall management can be divided into three parts. Initial medical management, definitive surgical correction, and long-term follow-up care. […] The timing of correction is preferably before 6 months of age, as the risk of developing the pulmonary vascular disease is directly related to the duration of the disease. […] Annual cardiologist evaluation is recommended to check for and prevent complications in uncorrected individuals and due to surgery. Children with AVCD are at risk for neurological impairment; hence routine screening for neurological and developmental disorders is advised. […] In the postoperative period, the role of the nurse and pharmacist is critical. The nurses will assist the team by monitoring the patient for pain, sternotomy site infection, chest tube output management, and a variety of common postoperative complications such as atelectasis, deep vein thrombosis, postpericardiotomy syndrome, and pain. […] The need for meticulous planning and discussion with other professionals involved in the management of the patient is highly recommended to lower morbidity and improve outcomes.

• #15 Atrioventricular canal defect | AV canal defect | Children’s Wisconsin

  https://childrenswi.org/medical-care/herma-heart/conditions/atrioventricular-canal

  Atrioventricular canal defect is a heart problem that involves several abnormalities of structures inside the heart, including the following: […] AV canal defect is treated by surgical repair. However, medical support (i.e., medications) may be necessary until the operation is performed. Treatment may include: […] Children will spend time in the cardiac intensive care unit (CICU) after an AV canal repair. During the first several hours after surgery, your child will be very drowsy from the anesthesia that was used during the operation, and from medications given to relax him/her and to help with pain. […] Most infants and older children feel fairly comfortable when they go home. Pain medications, such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen, may be recommended to keep your child comfortable. […] Many children who have had an AV canal defect surgery will live healthy lives. Activity levels, appetite, and growth will eventually return to normal in most children.

• #16 Atrioventricular (AV) Canal Defect | Boston Children’s Hospital

  https://www.childrenshospital.org/conditions/atrioventricular-canal-defect

  After your baby’s operation and hospital stay (usually five to seven days), he or she will need to be followed by a pediatric cardiologist, who will offer recommendations for post-operative follow-up care, including: […] Wound care while your baby is healing […] A nutritional program to encourage weight gain […] An oral hygiene program to prevent infection […] An appropriate exercise regimen to build body mass and achieve fitness […] As your baby recovers and grows, be sure to follow a regular program of well-baby/well-child checkups. […] Specific treatments for atrioventricular canal defect (AV canal) depend on the extent of the disease — which can range from a single defect to a full combination of defects (complete). AV canal is almost always treated by surgical repair of the defects. Medications may be helpful and improve symptoms until the operation is performed. […] Most children with complete AV canal undergo surgery by the age of 3 to 6 months. Children with partial and transitional AV canal undergo surgery later — 1 to 2 years old. Children with Down syndrome may develop symptoms earlier than other children and may need to have surgery at an earlier age.

• #17 Atrioventricular Septal Defect | Nationwide Children’s

  https://www.nationwidechildrens.org/conditions/atrioventricular-septal-defect

  After surgery, your baby will go to the Cardiothoracic Intensive Care Unit (CTICU). They may be on a breathing machine and have many tubes, wires, and equipment to keep them stable and make sure they are okay. Members of their health care team may make changes to your babys medicines and breathing machine often. This will happen the most in the first 24 to 48 hours after surgery. […] For all babies, growth and nutrition are an important part of their care. Your baby will be able to eat as soon as they are stable and safe. This may be the first chest/breastfeeding in the delivery room, or it may be after surgery. […] Your hospital stay after birth may be a couple of days or as long as weeks to months. This depends on the type of heart disease, surgery, prematurity, genetic syndrome, or other problems. […] You will need to do CPR training in the Columbus Blue Jackets Family Resource Center before you leave. […] Your cardiologist will follow up with your babys heart needs even after they are discharged from the hospital.

• #18 Atrioventricular Canal Defect – Children’s Hospital of Orange County

  https://choc.org/heart/congenital-heart-defects/atrioventricular-canal-defect/

  Atrioventricular canal (AV canal or AVC) defect is a congenital heart defect. That means it is present at birth. Other terms used to describe this defect are endocardial cushion defect and atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD). […] Atrioventricular canal defects occur in a small percentage of congenital heart disease cases and are more common in infants with Down syndrome. […] Specific treatment for atrioventricular canal defect is determined by the child’s healthcare team based on: The child’s age, overall health and medical history; Extent of the disease; The child’s tolerance for specific medications, procedures or therapies; Expectations for the course of the disease; The family’s opinion or preference. […] AV canal defect is treated with surgery. Medications may be necessary until the operation is done.

• #19 Atrioventricular Canal (AVC) Defect | Children’s Mercy Kansas City

  https://www.childrensmercy.org/departments-and-clinics/heart-center/understanding-atrioventricular-canal-defect/

  Atrioventricular canal is treated by surgical repair of the defects. The specific type of defect strongly influences the symptoms that may develop, along with the timing of the surgical repair. Medical support in and out of the hospital may be necessary until the surgery is performed. Treatment will depend on the extent of the cardiac defect but may include: […] Many children will eventually need to take medications to help the heart and lungs work better, due to strain from the extra blood passing through the holes in the heart. […] Infants may become tired when feeding, and may not be able to eat enough to gain weight. Therefore, they may need more concentrated breast milk or formula to increase their calories. They may also need assistance with their oral feedings with the placement of a feeding tube to help gain weight.

• #20 Pediatric Atrioventricular Canal (AV canal or AVC) – Conditions and Treatments | Children’s National Hospital

  https://www.childrensnational.org/get-care/health-library/atrioventricular-canal-av-canal-or-avc

  An atrioventricular (AV) canal defect is a large hole in the center of the heart. […] Treatments for an AV canal defect may include: Surgery, Medication, Nutrition, Infection control. […] All children with an AV canal defect will need to have surgery to fix it. They may also need other treatments. […] Many children will need medicine to help their heart and lungs work better, such as: Digoxin, Diuretics, ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) inhibitors. […] Babies may become tired when feeding. This may stop them from eating enough to gain weight. Your child may need: High-calorie formula or breastmilk, Supplemental tube feedings. […] Children with heart problems are at risk for infections of the lining of the heart and heart valves (bacterial endocarditis). Make sure that you tell all of your childs healthcare providers that your child has an AV canal defect. Your child may need to take antibiotics before medical tests or procedures to prevent infections.

• #21 Atrioventricular (AV) Canal in Children – Stanford Medicine Children’s Health

  https://www.stanfordchildrens.org/en/topic/default?id=atrioventricular-av-canal-in-children-90-P01767

  All children with an AV canal defect will need to have surgery to fix it. They may also need other treatments. […] Many children will need medicine to help their heart and lungs work better, such as: […] Your child may need to be fed through a tube. This small, flexible tube passes through the nose, down into the esophagus, and into the stomach. Your child may have tube feedings in addition to or instead of formula or breastmilk. […] Make sure that you tell all of your childs healthcare providers that your child has an AV canal defect. Your child may need to take antibiotics before medical tests or procedures to prevent infections. […] Your child will need surgery to repair the septal openings and heart valves. This is done to stop his or her lungs from becoming damaged further. […] Many children who have had an AV canal defect will live active, healthy lives after their surgery. Their activity levels, appetite, and growth will return to normal over time. Some children will still have heart valve problems after surgery. They may eventually need another surgery to repair or replace the leaky or blocked valve or valves. Ask your child’s healthcare provider about your childs outlook.

• #22 Pediatric Atrioventricular Canal (AV canal or AVC) – Conditions and Treatments | Children’s National Hospital

  https://www.childrensnational.org/get-care/health-library/atrioventricular-canal-av-canal-or-avc

  Your child will need surgery to repair the septal openings and heart valves. This is done to stop their lungs from becoming damaged further. Your child’s heart doctor will decide when the best time for surgery is. After the surgery, your child’s heart doctor may give them antibiotics. This is to prevent infections after they leave the hospital. […] Before surgery, its important to follow the advised medicine and feeding schedules.

• #23 Atrioventricular (AV) Canal Defect in Children | University Hospitals

  https://www.uhhospitals.org/health-information/health-and-wellness-library/article/diseases-and-conditions—pediatrics/atrioventricular-av-canal

  An AV canal defect is a heart problem that children can be born with. […] Children with an AV canal defect need to have surgery to repair it. […] Many children who have had an AV canal defect will live active, healthy lives after their surgery. […] Before surgery, it’s important to follow the advised medicine and feeding schedules. […] Your child may need to take antibiotics before medical tests or procedures to prevent infections. […] Your child will need surgery to repair the septal openings and heart valves. This is done to stop their lungs from becoming damaged further. […] Most children have surgery by the age of 6 months. […] Many children will need medicine to help their heart and lungs work better, such as: Digoxin. This medicine helps the heart pump better. […] Your child’s heart care provider will decide when the best time for surgery is. After the surgery, your child’s heart care provider may give them antibiotics. This is to prevent infections after they leave the hospital.

• #24 Atrioventricular Canal Defect (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/av-canal-defect.html

  A baby with a complete AV canal usually starts showing symptoms in the first days or weeks of life. These can include: […] A baby with a partial AV canal may have milder symptoms that aren’t noticed until later in childhood or early adulthood. […] Cardiologists (heart doctors) and cardiothoracic surgeons (heart surgeons) work with a team of pediatric specialists to treat AV canal. Most babies with AV canal will need surgery. Other treatments include: nutritional support: Some babies get too tired to eat a full meal and need to be fed through a nasogastric tube that goes from their nose into their stomach. […] Learn as much as you can about AV canal and the treatments your child needs. This will help you work with the care team and better help your child. Be sure to ask when you have questions.

• #25 Atrioventricular Canal Defect | Dayton Children’s Hospital

  https://www.childrensdayton.org/kidshealth/a/av-canal-defect

  A baby with a complete AV canal usually starts showing symptoms in the first days or weeks of life. These can include: […] A baby with a partial AV canal may have milder symptoms that aren’t noticed until later in childhood or early adulthood. […] Cardiologists (heart doctors) and cardiothoracic surgeons (heart surgeons) work with a team of pediatric specialists to treat AV canal. Most babies with AV canal will need surgery. Other treatments include: […] Some babies get too tired to eat a full meal and need to be fed through a nasogastric tube that goes from their nose into their stomach. […] Different medicines can help a baby’s heart pump better, make sure the baby gets enough oxygen, and help with symptoms caused by heart failure. […] Learn as much as you can about AV canal and the treatments your child needs. This will help you work with the care team and better help your child. Be sure to ask when you have questions.

• #26 Atrioventricular (AV) Canal Defect in Children

  https://healthlibrary.osfhealthcare.org/Conditions/Neuroscience/Multimedia/90,P01767

  All children with an AV canal defect will need to have surgery to repair it. […] Before surgery, it’s important to follow the advised medicine and feeding schedules. […] Many children who have had an AV canal defect will live active, healthy lives after their surgery. […] Your child may need to take antibiotics before medical tests or procedures to prevent infections. […] Your child’s heart care provider will decide when the best time for surgery is. […] After the surgery, your child’s heart care provider may give them antibiotics. This is to prevent infections after they leave the hospital. […] Your child may need special nutritional supplements added to their formula or pumped breastmilk. […] Your child may need to be fed through a tube. This small, flexible tube passes through the nose, down into the esophagus, and into the stomach. […] Tell all of your child’s healthcare providers that your child has an AV canal defect.

• #27 Atrioventricular (AV) Canal Defect | Boston Children’s Hospital

  https://www.childrenshospital.org/conditions/atrioventricular-canal-defect

  After your baby’s operation and hospital stay (usually five to seven days), he or she will need to be followed by a pediatric cardiologist, who will offer recommendations for post-operative follow-up care, including: […] Wound care while your baby is healing […] A nutritional program to encourage weight gain […] An oral hygiene program to prevent infection […] An appropriate exercise regimen to build body mass and achieve fitness […] As your baby recovers and grows, be sure to follow a regular program of well-baby/well-child checkups. […] Specific treatments for atrioventricular canal defect (AV canal) depend on the extent of the disease — which can range from a single defect to a full combination of defects (complete). AV canal is almost always treated by surgical repair of the defects. Medications may be helpful and improve symptoms until the operation is performed. […] Most children with complete AV canal undergo surgery by the age of 3 to 6 months. Children with partial and transitional AV canal undergo surgery later — 1 to 2 years old. Children with Down syndrome may develop symptoms earlier than other children and may need to have surgery at an earlier age.

• #28 Atrioventricular Septal Defect | Nationwide Children’s

  https://www.nationwidechildrens.org/conditions/atrioventricular-septal-defect

  After surgery, your baby will go to the Cardiothoracic Intensive Care Unit (CTICU). They may be on a breathing machine and have many tubes, wires, and equipment to keep them stable and make sure they are okay. Members of their health care team may make changes to your babys medicines and breathing machine often. This will happen the most in the first 24 to 48 hours after surgery. […] For all babies, growth and nutrition are an important part of their care. Your baby will be able to eat as soon as they are stable and safe. This may be the first chest/breastfeeding in the delivery room, or it may be after surgery. […] Your hospital stay after birth may be a couple of days or as long as weeks to months. This depends on the type of heart disease, surgery, prematurity, genetic syndrome, or other problems. […] You will need to do CPR training in the Columbus Blue Jackets Family Resource Center before you leave. […] Your cardiologist will follow up with your babys heart needs even after they are discharged from the hospital.

• #29 Atrioventricular Canal Defect – Children’s Hospital of Orange County

  https://choc.org/heart/congenital-heart-defects/atrioventricular-canal-defect/

  Infection control. Children with certain heart defects are at risk for developing an infection of the valves of the heart known as bacterial endocarditis. It is important for parents to inform all medical personnel of their child’s atrioventricular canal defect so they may decide if antibiotics are necessary before any major procedure. […] The goal is to close the septal openings and repair the valves before the lungs become damaged from too much blood flow and pressure. […] Children spend time in the cardiovascular intensive care unit (CVICU) after an AV canal repair. […] Patients are kept as comfortable as possible with several different medications—some relieve pain and relieve anxiety. […] Most infants and older children feel comfortable when they go home. Pain medications, such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen, may be recommended to keep the child comfortable. […] After surgery, older children can usually handle small amounts of light activity. Right after surgery, children may become tired easily and sleep more than they did before the procedure. Within a few weeks, however, the child may be fully recovered.

• #30 Atrioventricular (AV) Canal Defect in Children

  https://library.valleymed.org/library/diseasesconditions/Pediatric/Dermatology/90,P01767

  Children with heart problems are at risk for infections of the lining of the heart and heart valves (bacterial endocarditis). […] Tell all of your child’s healthcare providers that your child has an AV canal defect. Your child may need to take antibiotics before medical tests or procedures to prevent infections.

• #31 Atrioventricular canal defect – Diagnosis & treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/atrioventricular-canal-defect/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20361528

  Sometimes, a congenital heart defect can increase the risk of infection in the lining of the heart or heart valves. This infection is called infective endocarditis. You or your child might need to take preventive antibiotics before certain dental and other surgical procedures if either of you: […] Ask your or your child’s health care provider if preventive antibiotics are necessary.

• #32 Atrioventricular canal defect | Beacon Health System

  https://www.beaconhealthsystem.org/library/diseases-and-conditions/atrioventricular-canal-defect?content_id=CON-20310187

  Sometimes, a congenital heart defect can increase the risk of infection in the lining of the heart or heart valves. This infection is called infective endocarditis. You or your child might need to take preventive antibiotics before certain dental and other surgical procedures if either of you: Has remaining heart problems after surgery, Received an artificial heart valve, Received artificial or prosthetic material during heart repair. […] Many children with heart problems present at birth grow up to lead healthy lives. […] But having a congenital heart defect or caring for a child with one can be challenging. These tips may be helpful. Seek support. You may find that talking with other people who’ve experienced the same situation brings you comfort and encouragement. Ask your health care provider if there are any support groups in your area. Record your or your child’s health history. Write down medications, surgery and other procedures, and the dates they were performed. Include the medical report from the surgeon, and other important information about your or your child’s care. This information will be useful for health care providers who are unfamiliar with you or your child. It will also help your child transition from pediatric to adult providers. Ask about sports and other activities. Many people with successful repair of a congenital heart defect usually have no activity restrictions. But some people with a congenital heart defect may need to limit exercise or sports activities. Your health care provider can tell you which sports and types of exercise are safe for you or your child.

• #33 Atrioventricular Canal (AVC) Defect

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22128-atrioventricular-canal-defect

  You may need to limit your childs physical activity. Ask your childs pediatric cardiologist (heart doctor for children) if you need to do this. […] Children with an atrioventricular septal defect may need to take antibiotics before seeing the dentist. This can prevent endocarditis, a type of infection in your heart. Your childs cardiologist can talk with you about this as well. […] You should take your child to regular appointments with their pediatric cardiologist. They can monitor your childs heart for any issues that develop. Some children with an AV canal defect need more treatment after surgery. A patch can leak and a repaired heart valve may develop a leak or get too narrow.

• #34 Atrioventricular (AV) Canal Defect in Children

  https://library.valleymed.org/library/diseasesconditions/Pediatric/Dermatology/90,P01767

  Children with heart problems are at risk for infections of the lining of the heart and heart valves (bacterial endocarditis). […] Tell all of your child’s healthcare providers that your child has an AV canal defect. Your child may need to take antibiotics before medical tests or procedures to prevent infections.

• #35 Atrioventricular canal defect – Diagnosis & treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/atrioventricular-canal-defect/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20361528

  Surgery is needed to treat a complete or partial atrioventricular canal defect. More than one surgery may be needed. Surgery involves using one or two patches to close the hole in the heart wall. The patches stay in the heart. They become part of the heart’s wall as the heart’s lining grows over them. […] After congenital heart defect surgery, regular checkups are needed for life by a doctor trained in heart diseases. This type of care provider is called a cardiologist. Your provider will tell you how often you need an appointment or imaging tests. […] Adults with a congenital heart defect treated in childhood may need care from an adult congenital cardiologist. Special attention and care may be needed around the time of future surgical procedures, even those that do not involve the heart.

• #36 Atrioventricular Canal (AVC) Defects | Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia

  https://www.chop.edu/conditions-diseases/atrioventricular-canal-defects

  Complete CAVC requires surgery, usually within the first two or three months of life. The surgeon will close the large hole with one or two patches. The patches are stitched into the heart muscle, and as the child grows, the tissue grows over the patches. […] After surgery, patients initially recover in the Evelyn and Daniel M Tabas Cardiac Intensive Care Unit (CICU), where they receive around-the-clock attention from a team of dedicated cardiac critical care medicine specialists and specially trained cardiac nurses. As patients improve, they are moved to the Cardiac Care Unit before ultimately discharged home. […] A child who has had surgical repair of an atrioventricular canal defect will require life-long care by a cardiologist. […] Patients will need to carefully follow doctors’ advice, including staying on any medications prescribed. […] Sometimes children with atrioventricular canal defects experience heart problems later in life, including irregular heartbeat (arrhythmia) and leaky or narrowing valves. Medicine, additional surgery and/or cardiac catheterization may be required.

• #37 Atrioventricular Canal (AVC) Defect | Children’s Mercy Kansas City

  https://www.childrensmercy.org/departments-and-clinics/heart-center/understanding-atrioventricular-canal-defect/

  If your baby was diagnosed with atrioventricular canal defect before birth, you may choose to deliver in the Fetal Heart Center, where our specialists can provide expert care to you and your baby immediately following delivery. […] Babies born with atrioventricular canal defect are usually transferred to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) for monitoring. […] When you baby needs their heart surgery, they will immediately go to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) following their surgery, then the cardiac floor to continue healing. […] Many children who have had atrioventricular canal repair will live healthy lives. Activity levels, appetite, and growth typically return to normal in most children. […] Your child’s cardiology provider will continue to monitor their heart via echocardiogram (heart ultrasound) for problems with the heart chambers and valves along with electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) for problems with the electrical system (arrhythmia/abnormal heart rhythm) of the heart.

• #38 Atrioventricular Canal Defects – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557511/

  The definitive management of complete atrioventricular canal defect (CAVCD) is the surgical correction of the defect as early as possible. However, overall management can be divided into three parts. Initial medical management, definitive surgical correction, and long-term follow-up care. […] The timing of correction is preferably before 6 months of age, as the risk of developing the pulmonary vascular disease is directly related to the duration of the disease. […] Annual cardiologist evaluation is recommended to check for and prevent complications in uncorrected individuals and due to surgery. Children with AVCD are at risk for neurological impairment; hence routine screening for neurological and developmental disorders is advised. […] In the postoperative period, the role of the nurse and pharmacist is critical. The nurses will assist the team by monitoring the patient for pain, sternotomy site infection, chest tube output management, and a variety of common postoperative complications such as atelectasis, deep vein thrombosis, postpericardiotomy syndrome, and pain. […] The need for meticulous planning and discussion with other professionals involved in the management of the patient is highly recommended to lower morbidity and improve outcomes.

• #39 Atrioventricular (AV) Canal in Children – Stanford Medicine Children’s Health

  https://www.stanfordchildrens.org/en/topic/default?id=atrioventricular-av-canal-in-children-90-P01767

  All children with an AV canal defect will need to have surgery to fix it. They may also need other treatments. […] Many children will need medicine to help their heart and lungs work better, such as: […] Your child may need to be fed through a tube. This small, flexible tube passes through the nose, down into the esophagus, and into the stomach. Your child may have tube feedings in addition to or instead of formula or breastmilk. […] Make sure that you tell all of your childs healthcare providers that your child has an AV canal defect. Your child may need to take antibiotics before medical tests or procedures to prevent infections. […] Your child will need surgery to repair the septal openings and heart valves. This is done to stop his or her lungs from becoming damaged further. […] Many children who have had an AV canal defect will live active, healthy lives after their surgery. Their activity levels, appetite, and growth will return to normal over time. Some children will still have heart valve problems after surgery. They may eventually need another surgery to repair or replace the leaky or blocked valve or valves. Ask your child’s healthcare provider about your childs outlook.

• #40 Clinical Practice Algorithm For the Follow-Up of Repaired and Unrepaired Atrioventricular Septal Defects – American College of Cardiology

  https://www.acc.org/Latest-in-Cardiology/Articles/2025/02/03/12/17/Clinical-Practice-Algorithm-For-the-Follow-Up-of-Repaired-and-Unrepaired-Atrioventricular-Septal-Defects

  For all patients, long-term surveillance for residual lesions is required and reintervention may be required in as many as 10-25% with the most common indications for reintervention being residual left AV valve regurgitation and left ventricular outflow tract obstruction. […] Clinical follow-up alone was recommended in patients with AVSD who only had a small ASD without abnormalities of the AV valve and without evidence of significant left-to-right shunt and/or right heart volume overload. […] These guidelines are intended to be a reference for clinicians but are not intended to replace clinical judgment.

• #41 Atrioventricular canal defect – Diagnosis & treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/atrioventricular-canal-defect/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20361528

  Surgery is needed to treat a complete or partial atrioventricular canal defect. More than one surgery may be needed. Surgery involves using one or two patches to close the hole in the heart wall. The patches stay in the heart. They become part of the heart’s wall as the heart’s lining grows over them. […] After congenital heart defect surgery, regular checkups are needed for life by a doctor trained in heart diseases. This type of care provider is called a cardiologist. Your provider will tell you how often you need an appointment or imaging tests. […] Adults with a congenital heart defect treated in childhood may need care from an adult congenital cardiologist. Special attention and care may be needed around the time of future surgical procedures, even those that do not involve the heart.

• #42 Atrioventricular Canal Defect – Children’s Hospital of Orange County

  https://choc.org/heart/congenital-heart-defects/atrioventricular-canal-defect/

  Infection control. Children with certain heart defects are at risk for developing an infection of the valves of the heart known as bacterial endocarditis. It is important for parents to inform all medical personnel of their child’s atrioventricular canal defect so they may decide if antibiotics are necessary before any major procedure. […] The goal is to close the septal openings and repair the valves before the lungs become damaged from too much blood flow and pressure. […] Children spend time in the cardiovascular intensive care unit (CVICU) after an AV canal repair. […] Patients are kept as comfortable as possible with several different medications—some relieve pain and relieve anxiety. […] Most infants and older children feel comfortable when they go home. Pain medications, such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen, may be recommended to keep the child comfortable. […] After surgery, older children can usually handle small amounts of light activity. Right after surgery, children may become tired easily and sleep more than they did before the procedure. Within a few weeks, however, the child may be fully recovered.

• #43 Pediatric Atrioventricular (AV) Canal Defect | Memorial Hermann

  http://memorialhermann.org/ar-sa/services/conditions/pediatric-atrioventricular-canal-defect

  Surgery is needed for atrioventricular canal defect treatment and usually is performed at 3-8 months of age, with the timing depending on the severity of the child’s symptoms. […] Patients who have an AV canal repaired will follow up with the surgeon about 2 weeks after discharge and will see their pediatric cardiologist 3-4 weeks after discharge. Activity is limited for 6-8 weeks after surgery due to the sternal bone healing, but after that time, there are little, if any, restrictions placed. […] Lifelong follow up with a pediatric cardiologist is needed. Checkups generally are needed yearly. Also, antibiotics may be prescribed before dental surgery or other operations to decrease the risk of endocarditis, a bacterial infection of the heart’s lining. This is particularly true if the child’s original valve has been replaced with a mechanical valve, or the child has remaining heart defects after the original surgery.

• #44 Atrioventricular (AV) Canal in Children – Stanford Medicine Children’s Health

  https://www.stanfordchildrens.org/en/topic/default?id=atrioventricular-av-canal-in-children-90-P01767

  All children with an AV canal defect will need to have surgery to fix it. They may also need other treatments. […] Many children will need medicine to help their heart and lungs work better, such as: […] Your child may need to be fed through a tube. This small, flexible tube passes through the nose, down into the esophagus, and into the stomach. Your child may have tube feedings in addition to or instead of formula or breastmilk. […] Make sure that you tell all of your childs healthcare providers that your child has an AV canal defect. Your child may need to take antibiotics before medical tests or procedures to prevent infections. […] Your child will need surgery to repair the septal openings and heart valves. This is done to stop his or her lungs from becoming damaged further. […] Many children who have had an AV canal defect will live active, healthy lives after their surgery. Their activity levels, appetite, and growth will return to normal over time. Some children will still have heart valve problems after surgery. They may eventually need another surgery to repair or replace the leaky or blocked valve or valves. Ask your child’s healthcare provider about your childs outlook.

• #45 When Your Child Has an Atrioventricular (AV) Canal Defect | Saint Luke’s Health System

  https://www.saintlukeskc.org/health-library/when-your-child-has-atrioventricular-av-canal-defect

  When all of these heart problems are present, the AV canal defect is considered complete. The healthcare provider can tell you more about your childs heart and the exact defects they have. An AV canal defect can usually be treated. […] Children with a complete AV canal defect are treated early in infancy with heart surgery, usually within the first 6 months of life. Medicines may be prescribed to help manage symptoms until surgery is scheduled. These can include: […] Heart surgery to repair an AV canal defect is done by a pediatric heart surgeon. The surgery lasts at least 4 to 6 hours. It takes place in an operating room in a hospital. […] After treatment, most children with an AV canal defect can be active. The level and extent of physical activity will vary with each child. Some children may not be able to play certain contact sports, such as football. Check with the cardiologist about what activities are appropriate and safe for your child.

• #46 Atrioventricular Canal Defect (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/av-canal-defect.html

  Your baby’s heart will work better after surgery, but problems can still happen. Take your child to a cardiologist for regular follow-up visits. Your child should continue these visits as an adult. The cardiologist can watch for any new problems and treat them early. […] You play a big role in your child’s treatment. Keep a record of: your child’s medical visits, medicines, and any symptoms; any special instructions for taking care of your child at home; any questions you have for the care team. […] Children with AV canal will need many follow-up doctor visits and tests. The doctors, nurses, social workers, and other members of the care team are there to help you and your child. Talk to any of them about resources that can help your family.

• #47 Atrioventricular Canal Defect (for Parents) – Humana – Louisiana

  https://kidshealth.org/HumanaLouisiana/en/parents/av-canal-defect.html

  Your baby’s heart will work better after surgery, but problems can still happen. Take your child to a cardiologist for regular follow-up visits. Your child should continue these visits as an adult. The cardiologist can watch for any new problems and treat them early. […] You play a big role in your child’s treatment. Keep a record of: your child’s medical visits, medicines, and any symptoms, any special instructions for taking care of your child at home, any questions you have for the care team. […] Children with AV canal will need many follow-up doctor visits and tests. The doctors, nurses, social workers, and other members of the care team are there to help you and your child. Talk to any of them about resources that can help your family.

• #48 Atrioventricular Canal Defect | Dayton Children’s Hospital

  https://www.childrensdayton.org/kidshealth/a/av-canal-defect

  A baby with a complete AV canal usually starts showing symptoms in the first days or weeks of life. These can include: […] A baby with a partial AV canal may have milder symptoms that aren’t noticed until later in childhood or early adulthood. […] Cardiologists (heart doctors) and cardiothoracic surgeons (heart surgeons) work with a team of pediatric specialists to treat AV canal. Most babies with AV canal will need surgery. Other treatments include: […] Some babies get too tired to eat a full meal and need to be fed through a nasogastric tube that goes from their nose into their stomach. […] Different medicines can help a baby’s heart pump better, make sure the baby gets enough oxygen, and help with symptoms caused by heart failure. […] Learn as much as you can about AV canal and the treatments your child needs. This will help you work with the care team and better help your child. Be sure to ask when you have questions.

• #49 Atrioventricular Canal Defect | Dayton Children’s Hospital

  https://www.childrensdayton.org/kidshealth/a/av-canal-defect

  Your baby’s heart will work better after surgery, but problems can still happen. Take your child to a cardiologist for regular follow-up visits. Your child should continue these visits as an adult. The cardiologist can watch for any new problems and treat them early. […] You play a big role in your child’s treatment. Keep a record of: […] Children with AV canal will need many follow-up doctor visits and tests. The doctors, nurses, social workers, and other members of the care team are there to help you and your child. Talk to any of them about resources that can help your family.

• #50 Atrioventricular Septal Defect | Nationwide Children’s

  https://www.nationwidechildrens.org/conditions/atrioventricular-septal-defect

  After surgery, your baby will go to the Cardiothoracic Intensive Care Unit (CTICU). They may be on a breathing machine and have many tubes, wires, and equipment to keep them stable and make sure they are okay. Members of their health care team may make changes to your babys medicines and breathing machine often. This will happen the most in the first 24 to 48 hours after surgery. […] For all babies, growth and nutrition are an important part of their care. Your baby will be able to eat as soon as they are stable and safe. This may be the first chest/breastfeeding in the delivery room, or it may be after surgery. […] Your hospital stay after birth may be a couple of days or as long as weeks to months. This depends on the type of heart disease, surgery, prematurity, genetic syndrome, or other problems. […] You will need to do CPR training in the Columbus Blue Jackets Family Resource Center before you leave. […] Your cardiologist will follow up with your babys heart needs even after they are discharged from the hospital.

• #51 Atrioventricular canal defect | Beacon Health System

  https://www.beaconhealthsystem.org/library/diseases-and-conditions/atrioventricular-canal-defect?content_id=CON-20310187

  Sometimes, a congenital heart defect can increase the risk of infection in the lining of the heart or heart valves. This infection is called infective endocarditis. You or your child might need to take preventive antibiotics before certain dental and other surgical procedures if either of you: Has remaining heart problems after surgery, Received an artificial heart valve, Received artificial or prosthetic material during heart repair. […] Many children with heart problems present at birth grow up to lead healthy lives. […] But having a congenital heart defect or caring for a child with one can be challenging. These tips may be helpful. Seek support. You may find that talking with other people who’ve experienced the same situation brings you comfort and encouragement. Ask your health care provider if there are any support groups in your area. Record your or your child’s health history. Write down medications, surgery and other procedures, and the dates they were performed. Include the medical report from the surgeon, and other important information about your or your child’s care. This information will be useful for health care providers who are unfamiliar with you or your child. It will also help your child transition from pediatric to adult providers. Ask about sports and other activities. Many people with successful repair of a congenital heart defect usually have no activity restrictions. But some people with a congenital heart defect may need to limit exercise or sports activities. Your health care provider can tell you which sports and types of exercise are safe for you or your child.

• #52 Atrioventricular (AV) Canal in Children – Stanford Medicine Children’s Health

  https://www.stanfordchildrens.org/en/topic/default?id=atrioventricular-av-canal-in-children-90-P01767

  All children with an AV canal defect will need to have surgery to fix it. They may also need other treatments. […] Many children will need medicine to help their heart and lungs work better, such as: […] Your child may need to be fed through a tube. This small, flexible tube passes through the nose, down into the esophagus, and into the stomach. Your child may have tube feedings in addition to or instead of formula or breastmilk. […] Make sure that you tell all of your childs healthcare providers that your child has an AV canal defect. Your child may need to take antibiotics before medical tests or procedures to prevent infections. […] Your child will need surgery to repair the septal openings and heart valves. This is done to stop his or her lungs from becoming damaged further. […] Many children who have had an AV canal defect will live active, healthy lives after their surgery. Their activity levels, appetite, and growth will return to normal over time. Some children will still have heart valve problems after surgery. They may eventually need another surgery to repair or replace the leaky or blocked valve or valves. Ask your child’s healthcare provider about your childs outlook.

• #53 Atrioventricular (AV) Canal Defect in Children

  https://healthlibrary.osfhealthcare.org/Search/90,P01767

  All children with an AV canal defect will need to have surgery to repair it. […] Before surgery, it’s important to follow the advised medicine and feeding schedules. […] Many children who have had an AV canal defect will live active, healthy lives after their surgery. Their activity levels, appetite, and growth will return to normal over time. […] Some children will still have heart valve problems after surgery. They may eventually need another surgery to repair or replace the leaky or blocked valve or valves. […] Ask your child’s healthcare provider about your child’s outlook.

• #54 Atrioventricular Septal (AV Canal) Defect | Dayton, Ohio

  https://fetaltonewborn.org/av-canal-defect/

  Babies with an AV canal defect usually require surgery to repair the holes in the heart and to separate the single common valve into two distinct valves (one on each side of the heart). […] After surgery, your baby will need to stay in a cardiac intensive care unit (CICU) for the first few days and may be connected to several tubes and wires to allow your baby’s doctor to best monitor the baby’s condition. Pain control will be used to make sure your baby is comfortable. […] Surgery is not a cure for AV canal defect, so your baby will need continuous monitoring by a cardiologist and may continue to have complications. The most common complication is a leaky mitral valve, which may require additional surgery.

• #55 Atrioventricular (AV) Canal Defect in Children

  https://healthlibrary.osfhealthcare.org/Search/90,P01767

  All children with an AV canal defect will need to have surgery to repair it. […] Before surgery, it’s important to follow the advised medicine and feeding schedules. […] Many children who have had an AV canal defect will live active, healthy lives after their surgery. Their activity levels, appetite, and growth will return to normal over time. […] Some children will still have heart valve problems after surgery. They may eventually need another surgery to repair or replace the leaky or blocked valve or valves. […] Ask your child’s healthcare provider about your child’s outlook.

• #56 AV Canal: Atrioventricular Canal Defect Surgery | Rady Children’s Hospital

  https://www.rchsd.org/programs-services/heart-institute/services-conditions-treated/av-canal-defect/

  AV canal is short for atrioventricular canal defect. It is a relatively common form of congenital heart disease in which the middle portion of the heart does not form. […] Overall, timely diagnosis and management of AV canal defects are crucial to prevent complications and ensure optimal outcomes for pediatric patients with congenital heart defects. […] Surgery is the primary treatment for AV canal defect. It involves patching the defects in the hearts middle part, closing atrial and ventricular septal defects and repairing faulty heart valves. […] Surgery is crucial for AV canal defect as it aims to achieve complete repair, ensuring that the heart functions efficiently and prevents complications like heart failure. […] Regular follow-up examinations are vital after surgical repair of AV canal defect to monitor valve function and detect any potential issues early on. In some cases, additional valve surgery may be required, though this is uncommon.

• #57 Atrioventricular Canal Defects – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557511/

  The definitive management of complete atrioventricular canal defect (CAVCD) is the surgical correction of the defect as early as possible. However, overall management can be divided into three parts. Initial medical management, definitive surgical correction, and long-term follow-up care. […] The timing of correction is preferably before 6 months of age, as the risk of developing the pulmonary vascular disease is directly related to the duration of the disease. […] Annual cardiologist evaluation is recommended to check for and prevent complications in uncorrected individuals and due to surgery. Children with AVCD are at risk for neurological impairment; hence routine screening for neurological and developmental disorders is advised. […] In the postoperative period, the role of the nurse and pharmacist is critical. The nurses will assist the team by monitoring the patient for pain, sternotomy site infection, chest tube output management, and a variety of common postoperative complications such as atelectasis, deep vein thrombosis, postpericardiotomy syndrome, and pain. […] The need for meticulous planning and discussion with other professionals involved in the management of the patient is highly recommended to lower morbidity and improve outcomes.

• #58 Atrioventricular (AV) canal defect – Pediatric Cardiology | Northwell Health

  https://pediatrics.northwell.edu/departments-services/pediatric-cardiology/find-care/conditions/atrioventricular-canal-defect

  Atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD), also known as atrioventricular canal defect, refers to a large hole in the center of the heart that prevents the separation of all four heart chambers and requires surgical repair. […] Prior to surgical intervention, medical therapy may be employed to treat congestive heart failure symptoms and encourage infant weight gain. Patients with valve regurgitation will likely need heart failure medications to help their hearts pump better and/or lower their blood pressure. Patients with pulmonary hypertension may also require medications. […] Surgery for AV septal defect is usually performed in infancy approximately 3-6 months of age. Once the defect has been repaired and healed, patients can usually return to normal activity without any particular precautions, and most children do very well after these repairs. Lifelong surveillance is required to assess the valve, the possible development of blockage in flow from the heart, and the development of heart rhythm (electrical) problems. […] How well the repaired valves perform must be monitored long term. Some valves may need to be replaced with a mechanical one and occasionally can be repaired.

• #59 Pediatric Atrioventricular Canal (AV canal or AVC) – Conditions and Treatments | Children’s National Hospital

  https://www.childrensnational.org/get-care/health-library/atrioventricular-canal-av-canal-or-avc

  Your child will need surgery to repair the septal openings and heart valves. This is done to stop their lungs from becoming damaged further. Your child’s heart doctor will decide when the best time for surgery is. After the surgery, your child’s heart doctor may give them antibiotics. This is to prevent infections after they leave the hospital. […] Before surgery, its important to follow the advised medicine and feeding schedules.

• #60 Atrioventricular Canal Defects – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557511/

  The definitive management of complete atrioventricular canal defect (CAVCD) is the surgical correction of the defect as early as possible. However, overall management can be divided into three parts. Initial medical management, definitive surgical correction, and long-term follow-up care. […] The timing of correction is preferably before 6 months of age, as the risk of developing the pulmonary vascular disease is directly related to the duration of the disease. […] Annual cardiologist evaluation is recommended to check for and prevent complications in uncorrected individuals and due to surgery. Children with AVCD are at risk for neurological impairment; hence routine screening for neurological and developmental disorders is advised. […] In the postoperative period, the role of the nurse and pharmacist is critical. The nurses will assist the team by monitoring the patient for pain, sternotomy site infection, chest tube output management, and a variety of common postoperative complications such as atelectasis, deep vein thrombosis, postpericardiotomy syndrome, and pain. […] The need for meticulous planning and discussion with other professionals involved in the management of the patient is highly recommended to lower morbidity and improve outcomes.

• #61 When Your Child Has an Atrioventricular (AV) Canal Defect | Saint Luke’s Health System

  https://www.saintlukeskc.org/health-library/when-your-child-has-atrioventricular-av-canal-defect

  Regular follow-up visits with the cardiologist are needed for the rest of your childs life. The rebuilt valves will always be abnormal. They need to be checked to make sure theyre working correctly without too much leakage, especially the mitral valve. Further valve treatment or replacement may be needed later in life. […] Depending on the details of the surgical repair, your child may need to take antibiotics before having any surgery or dental work to prevent infection of the inside lining of the heart and valves. This infection is called infective endocarditis. Antibiotics should be taken as directed by the cardiologist.

• #62 Atrioventricular Canal (AVC) Defect | Children’s Mercy Kansas City

  https://www.childrensmercy.org/departments-and-clinics/heart-center/understanding-atrioventricular-canal-defect/

  If your baby was diagnosed with atrioventricular canal defect before birth, you may choose to deliver in the Fetal Heart Center, where our specialists can provide expert care to you and your baby immediately following delivery. […] Babies born with atrioventricular canal defect are usually transferred to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) for monitoring. […] When you baby needs their heart surgery, they will immediately go to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) following their surgery, then the cardiac floor to continue healing. […] Many children who have had atrioventricular canal repair will live healthy lives. Activity levels, appetite, and growth typically return to normal in most children. […] Your child’s cardiology provider will continue to monitor their heart via echocardiogram (heart ultrasound) for problems with the heart chambers and valves along with electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) for problems with the electrical system (arrhythmia/abnormal heart rhythm) of the heart.

• #63 Atrioventricular Canal Defects – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557511/

  The definitive management of complete atrioventricular canal defect (CAVCD) is the surgical correction of the defect as early as possible. However, overall management can be divided into three parts. Initial medical management, definitive surgical correction, and long-term follow-up care. […] The timing of correction is preferably before 6 months of age, as the risk of developing the pulmonary vascular disease is directly related to the duration of the disease. […] Annual cardiologist evaluation is recommended to check for and prevent complications in uncorrected individuals and due to surgery. Children with AVCD are at risk for neurological impairment; hence routine screening for neurological and developmental disorders is advised. […] In the postoperative period, the role of the nurse and pharmacist is critical. The nurses will assist the team by monitoring the patient for pain, sternotomy site infection, chest tube output management, and a variety of common postoperative complications such as atelectasis, deep vein thrombosis, postpericardiotomy syndrome, and pain. […] The need for meticulous planning and discussion with other professionals involved in the management of the patient is highly recommended to lower morbidity and improve outcomes.

• #64 Atrioventricular Canal Defect Diagnosis & Treatments | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/locations/childrens-heart/conditions/atrioventricular-canal-defect

  If your child is diagnosed with an atrioventricular canal defect (also known as atrioventricular septal defect, or AVSD), your worry and concern may be overwhelming. To help you through this stressful time, our pediatric cardiology specialists can explain the condition. And our Mount Sinai Kravis Children’s Heart Center pediatric cardiac surgeon has the expertise to repair your child’s atrioventricular canal defect surgically. […] We specialize in treating the smallest hearts, and, we are available to advise you on the best approach for your child. […] Treatment for atrioventricular canal defects is surgical repair to close the holes and repair the valves. After we repair your child’s heart defect, it’s important that your child continue to get follow-up care with one of our pediatric cardiology specialists. We will monitor your child’s heart function and the status of the repair as your child grows.

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