Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Deafness and hearing loss toolkit: Paediatric Hearing – Otitis Media with Effusion (Glue Ear) | RCGP Learning

  https://elearning.rcgp.org.uk/mod/book/view.php?id=12532&chapterid=846

  Otitis Media with Effusion (OME), also known as, Glue Ear is a condition characterised by a collection of fluid within the middle ear space without signs of acute infection. OME may be associated with significant hearing loss, especially if it is bilateral and lasts for longer than 1 month. […] For children with OME without hearing loss, provide reassurance that it will often get better over time and that no treatment is necessary. 50% of cases will resolve spontaneously within 6 weeks. […] If OME with hearing loss referral to audiology for formal assessment with tympanometry and hearing testing. […] Treatment can be grommet insertion. […] Children should be followed up periodically by a GP when discharged from ENT or sooner if symptoms re-occur. If any concerns, their hearing should be re-assessed by an audiologist. If symptoms of OME recur, refer the child back to an ENT specialist. […] Support for the child in the environment includes being close to and facing the child when speaking to them, minimising background noise, using visual aids, informing their teacher that the child has OME, and asking if adjustments can be made in school to help.

• #2 Otitis media with effusion in under 12s – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK595331/

  This guideline covers identifying and managing otitis media with effusion (OME), also known as 'glue ear’, in children younger than 12 years. It aims to improve hearing and quality of life in children with OME. […] The recommendations in this guideline apply to otitis media with effusion, also known as 'glue ear’, in under 12s. This guideline does not cover the management of acute or chronic otitis media. […] Ask children with suspected or confirmed otitis media with effusion (OME), and their parents and carers, about their concerns and the impact that OME is having on day-to-day living. Take this into account when agreeing a plan for investigation and treatment. […] Give children with OME, and their parents and carers, the following information about the condition: what it is, its cause, its fluctuating nature, its possible impact on the child’s hearing, listening, language development, behaviour, and emotional and social wellbeing.

• #3 Glue ear (otitis media with effusion) | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/glue-ear

  Glue ear (also known as 'otitis media with effusion’) is a condition where fluid builds up in the middle ear. […] It is common in young children and often happens after a cold or ear infection. […] Glue ear can cause hearing loss, which may delay speech and language development in young children. […] The fluid usually clears up by itself without treatment within a few months. […] If the fluid doesn’t clear up, it can be treated with tiny tubes called grommets that help the fluid drain. […] Glue ear happens when fluid builds up inside your middle ear and doesn’t drain away. The fluid gets thicker the longer it stays and can become sticky like glue. This fluid build-up can affect your hearing but usually doesn’t cause pain. […] It’s most common in children and often clears up on its own. It can last for weeks or months.

• #4 Glue Ear: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment, and Prevention

  https://www.healthline.com/health/glue-ear

  Glue ear, known as adhesive otitis, is a condition that occurs when the middle part of your ear fills with fluid. This part of the ear is located behind the eardrum. The fluid can become thick and sticky, like glue. […] Over time, glue ear is likely to lead to a middle ear infection. It can also make it difficult for you to hear. Such complications can become serious, so it’s important to identify and treat glue ear promptly. […] Glue ear happens when thick fluid builds up inside your middle ear. As with general ear infections, glue ear tends to be more common in children. […] Normally, the space behind the middle ear is only filled with air. But sometimes fluid can build up in the space as a result of an illness, such as a cold or virus. […] Glue ear that persists longer than a few months can cause permanent hearing damage. Young children with chronic glue ear are also at a higher risk of delayed speech and language.

• #5 Treatment of glue ear with grommets | Great Ormond Street Hospital

  https://www.gosh.nhs.uk/conditions-and-treatments/procedures-and-treatments/treatment-glue-ear-grommets/

  Glue ear tends to affect children under the age of seven, most commonly between the ages of two and five. […] If your child has a single case of glue ear, it may clear up by itself. However, if it continues and starts to affect their speech, language or schooling, the doctor may suggest treatment using grommets, which are inserted during an operation. […] Grommets are tiny tubes inserted into the eardrum. They allow air to pass through the eardrum, keeping the air pressure on either side equal. […] For persistent glue ear, grommets are the treatment of choice. […] After the operation, your child will return to the ward to fully wake up from the anaesthetic. […] Your child will need to come back to the hospital for a check up appointment six weeks after the operation. We will send you details of this appointment. […] Once we’ve diagnosed and treated glue ear, the outlook is good. Most children with speech and language delays catch up and go on to have a normal school life.

• #6 Glue Ear (Otitis Media with Effusion): Symptoms & Causes

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/23523-glue-ear

  Glue ear, or otitis media with effusion, happens when fluid collects in your childs middle ear. The main symptom of glue ear is temporary hearing loss. Glue ear often occurs after ear infections, but it can also occur when a blockage affects your childs Eustachian tube. Glue ear frequently goes away on its own, but some cases may require surgery. […] Glue ear is a common condition that occurs when fluid builds up in your childs middle ear, which is the space behind their eardrum. The medical terms for glue ear are otitis media with effusion (OME) or secretory otitis media. Glue ear can affect one or both of your childs ears. It often follows an ear infection, but it can happen for other reasons. The condition is usually temporary, but long-term glue ear can affect your childs hearing. […] Glue ear is most common in babies and children younger than 6 years old. But glue ear can occur in adults too.

• #7 Glue Ear | Ear Health

  https://www.earhealth.co.nz/glue-ear/

  Glue ear occurs when the Eustachian tube becomes blocked or doesn’t function properly, preventing fluid from draining from the middle ear. Factors that can contribute to Eustachian tube dysfunction include: […] Treatment depends on the severity of symptoms, duration, and impact on quality of life. […] If glue ear is suspected, a healthcare professional may perform the following: […] Glue ear is a common condition impacting hearing and overall development, particularly in young children. Understanding the signs, causes, and treatment options is essential for managing the condition effectively.

• #8 Ear – Otitis Media (Glue Ear)

  https://www.healthhub.sg/a-z/diseases-and-conditions/ear_ome_kkh

  OME, otherwise known as Glue Ear, is the collection of fluid in the middle ear. […] It frequently occurs after an upper respiratory tract infection and in the majority of cases, it resolves by itself. However, the length of time for this resolution varies and may take up to three months. […] OME usually occurs due to the malfunction of the Eustachian Tube the tube that connects the middle ear to the back of the nose which allows ventilation and proper function of the middle ear mechanism.

• #9 Otitis Media – Glue Ear – Advanced Functional Medicine

  https://advancedfunctionalmedicine.com.au/otitis-media-glue-ear-symptoms-causes-natural-treatment/

  Chronic otitis media also known as glue ear occurs when fluid accumulates in the middle ear as a result of poor drainage of the Eustachian tubes. It often occurs in children after recurrent bouts of acute ear infections where the mucous membrane continues to produce fluid. […] Glue ear affects 20-40% of children under 6 and is often associated with food or environmental allergies (85-93% of these children have allergies). […] Glue ear is more common in children due to anatomy of Eustachian tubes, which is narrower and more horizontal than in adults. […] Identify / eliminate food and environmental triggers […] Reduce inflammation and mucous production […] Balance immune system […] Improve digestive function and optimise gut flora. […] Identify/remove allergenic foods: wheat and dairy are major factors

• #10 Glue Ear (Otitis Media with Effusion): Symptoms & Causes

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/23523-glue-ear

  The most common symptom of glue ear in children and adults is hearing loss. It can affect one or both ears at the same time. It may seem like youre wearing earplugs, muffling the noises around you. Prolonged hearing loss in your child may cause a speech delay and affect their language development. […] Glue ear frequently occurs after ear infections. This happens when fluid that built up during the infection remains after it has cleared. But glue ear doesnt always occur due to ear infections. A blockage in your childs Eustachian tubes can cause the condition for many reasons. […] Glue ear often goes away naturally without treatment. Your childs healthcare provider will usually wait several months to see if the fluid clears up on its own. If your childs symptoms dont improve naturally, treatment options may include:

• #11 Ear infections and glue ear

  https://www.rch.org.au/kidsinfo/fact_sheets/Ear_infections_and_glue_ear/

  Ear infections and glue ear […] Every time a middle ear infection happens, fluid collects behind the ear drum. This fluid usually slowly clears by itself, but children who get frequent infections may have fluid stay behind the eardrum for longer. This is called glue ear. Glue ear may last for many weeks or months, making it harder for your child to hear. Occasionally, glue ear can temporarily affect language development. […] […] Glue ear is not an infection, but usually follows one or more middle ear infections. Signs and symptoms of glue ear can include: problems hearing children may want to have things repeated, talk loudly or have the television up loud. Parents or teachers may notice this, especially in noisy places such as classrooms. In smaller children, hearing difficulties may delay or stall their language development. […]

• #12 What Are The Symptoms of Glue Ear in Adults and What Causes It | North London Earwax Clinic

  https://northlondonearwaxclinic.com/symptoms-of-glue-ear-in-adults/

  As with most ear problems, ear pain is a potential symptom of glue ear. Glue ear can cause forms of irritable pain or pressure. This earache is especially difficult at night time and can cause problems with sleeping. […] Glue ear occurs when the middle of the ear canal is filled with a sticky fluid. This part of the middle ear should usually be filled with air. The sticky fluid is what causes hearing loss in most adults as this means that the middle ear cant move freely. […] There is no direct cause associated with glue ear in adults but with most patients, glue ear commonly follows after an acute ear infection either a virus or bacteria or following a cold or flu. Other possible causes of glue ear in adults can include problems associated with the Eustachian tube (this is the tube that sits between the middle ear and the back of the throat), certain syndromes such as Downs and Turners syndrome or cleft lip and palate, and enlarged adenoids.

• #13 Glue ear — julianhamann.com

  https://www.julianhamann.com/ear-balance-dizziness/glue-ear

  There are some things that you can do to minimize the risk of glue ear in your child, (although they may not always be practical measures!): avoid exposure to tobacco smoke. It is thought that the smoke from tobacco may cause irritation and inflammation of the Eustachian tube, increasing the risk of glue ear. breast feeding for more than six months reduces the likelihood of glue ear. studies in California and Finland found that children immunized with the pneumococcal vaccination were significantly less likely to need grommets. the use of dummies (pacifiers) has been found to increase middle ear infections, so could be implicated in glue ear. bottle feeding whilst your child is in a horizontal position may increase the risk of the Eustachian tube becoming blocked. children in daycare settings are more at risk of glue ear. This may be because they are more exposed to upper respiratory tract infections, which in turn increase the likelihood of glue ear. However, this added risk needs to balanced against the benefits of daycare. […] Children with other congenital problems such as cleft palate and Downs syndrome are also at greater risk of developing glue ear.

• #14 Vincent Cumberworth – Glue Ear Information

  https://www.ops4ent.com/information/glue-ear/

  In this condition there is a build-up of fluid in the middle ear behind the eardrum, in the absence of infection, and the movement of the ossicles (the bones which transmit sound across the middle ear) and the eardrum itself (the tympanic membrane) is impeded, resulting in a conductive hearing loss. […] Glue ear can occur in adults, following viral illness resulting in Eustachian tube dysfunction, but does not persist commonly and if this is the case review by an ENT specialist is mandatory to exclude and post-nasal pathology, which can sometime be dangerous untreated. […] This problem can cause a hearing loss of 30 40dB. […] Long term Eustachian tube problems can be associated with thinning and atrophy of the drum head, even adhesive otitis media, where the drum remnant is adherent to the medial wall of the middle ear and can partially or completely obliterate the middle ear space.

• #15

• #16 Glue Ear (Otitis Media with Effusion): Symptoms & Causes

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/23523-glue-ear

  The most common symptom of glue ear in children and adults is hearing loss. It can affect one or both ears at the same time. It may seem like youre wearing earplugs, muffling the noises around you. Prolonged hearing loss in your child may cause a speech delay and affect their language development. […] Glue ear frequently occurs after ear infections. This happens when fluid that built up during the infection remains after it has cleared. But glue ear doesnt always occur due to ear infections. A blockage in your childs Eustachian tubes can cause the condition for many reasons. […] Glue ear often goes away naturally without treatment. Your childs healthcare provider will usually wait several months to see if the fluid clears up on its own. If your childs symptoms dont improve naturally, treatment options may include:

• #17 Glue ear — julianhamann.com

  https://www.julianhamann.com/ear-balance-dizziness/glue-ear

  The most common symptom of glue ear is poor hearing. It sometimes follows a middle ear infection (acute otitis media), although it may occur spontaneously. It is common in childhood, with four out of five children developing it at some stage. It is most prevalent in children aged between 6 to 11 months. The incidence gradually decreases, until at age 11, only 1% of children will suffer from glue ear. In most cases, it will resolve itself without treatment. […] Glue ear often occurs in autumn and winter. As it most commonly affects young children, it is often parents and teachers who become aware that a child’s hearing has deteriorated. In persistent cases, this can be accompanied by developmental problems such as speech delay. Parents and carers may also notice a deterioration in behaviour. The child may have trouble concentrating, and may be more tired and frustrated than usual. Occasionally, a child’s sense of balance may be affected, and they may seem unusually clumsy.

• #18 Ear infections and glue ear

  https://www.rch.org.au/kidsinfo/fact_sheets/Ear_infections_and_glue_ear/

  Ear infections and glue ear […] Every time a middle ear infection happens, fluid collects behind the ear drum. This fluid usually slowly clears by itself, but children who get frequent infections may have fluid stay behind the eardrum for longer. This is called glue ear. Glue ear may last for many weeks or months, making it harder for your child to hear. Occasionally, glue ear can temporarily affect language development. […] […] Glue ear is not an infection, but usually follows one or more middle ear infections. Signs and symptoms of glue ear can include: problems hearing children may want to have things repeated, talk loudly or have the television up loud. Parents or teachers may notice this, especially in noisy places such as classrooms. In smaller children, hearing difficulties may delay or stall their language development. […]

• #19 What Are The Symptoms of Glue Ear in Adults and What Causes It | North London Earwax Clinic

  https://northlondonearwaxclinic.com/symptoms-of-glue-ear-in-adults/

  The most common symptom of glue ear is hearing loss. This is due to the build-up of fluid in the middle ear. Other symptoms that you may experience with glue ear include earache and tinnitus (ringing or buzzing noise in the ear). […] Hearing loss is the most common symptom associated with glue ear in both adults and children. Hearing loss can be selective or full and is caused by the build-up of fluid in the middle ear. The fluid reduces the vibrations entering the ear through soundwaves which is why the noise will sound more reduced. […] Although this symptom is not as common as hearing loss many adults still confirm experiencing a ringing or buzzing noise in the ear with glue ear. The noise that you can hear cannot be heard by other people as the noise is caused by an internal problem that only you are aware of.

• #20 Understanding Glue Ear in Adults: Diagnosis and Treatment Options

  https://www.odycy.com/post/understanding-glue-ear-comprehensive-guide-adults

  Adults may develop glue ear due to various factors, including upper respiratory infections, allergies, and anatomical variations that affect Eustachian tube function. […] Adults with glue ear may experience various symptoms, such as hearing loss, a sensation of fullness in the ear, and discomfort. […] Diagnosing glue ear in adults involves a comprehensive evaluation by healthcare professionals, including general practitioners and specialists such as audiologists or ear, nose, and throat (ENT) specialists. […] Key diagnostic tests include: – Otoscopy: An examination where the doctor uses an otoscope to look inside the ear to check for fluid behind the eardrum and any signs of ear infection. – Tympanometry: This test measures the movement of the eardrum in response to changes in air pressure, indicating if there is fluid in the middle ear. – Audiometry: A hearing test to determine the type and degree of hearing loss.

• #21 Glue ear

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/glue-ear/

  Glue ear is where the middle part of the ear canal fills up with fluid. This can cause temporary hearing loss. It usually clears up within 3 months, but see a GP about any hearing problems. […] Glue ear is much more common in children, but adults with glue ear have the same symptoms. […] A GP should be able to tell if it’s glue ear by looking for fluid inside the ear. […] If your child has had glue ear for more than 3 months, they may be referred to a specialist for hearing tests. […] Glue ear is not always treated. The GP will usually wait to see if the symptoms get better on their own. […] Your child may be monitored for up to a year in case their symptoms change or get worse. […] The GP may suggest trying a treatment called autoinflation while waiting for symptoms to improve.

• #22 Glue Ear: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment, and Prevention

  https://www.healthline.com/health/glue-ear

  Glue ear is diagnosed with an ear exam at your doctor’s office. They’ll use a magnified scope with a light attached to it to look inside your ear. This device can help them see where there’s fluid buildup. […] Most cases of glue ear go away on their own. However, glue ear that turns into a middle ear infection may be treated with antibiotics. […] Severe or chronic cases of glue ear may require treatment from a specialist, such as an ear nose and throat (ENT) doctor. […] Chronic glue ear is sometimes treated with a type of surgery called an adenoidectomy. […] During and after surgery, you’ll need to wear small tubes in your ears called grommets, commonly referred to as ear tubes or pressure equalizer tubes. These keep your eardrum open by allowing fluid to drain away from behind it.

• #23 Glue ear

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/glue-ear/

  Glue ear is where the middle part of the ear canal fills up with fluid. This can cause temporary hearing loss. It usually clears up within 3 months, but see a GP about any hearing problems. […] Glue ear is much more common in children, but adults with glue ear have the same symptoms. […] A GP should be able to tell if it’s glue ear by looking for fluid inside the ear. […] If your child has had glue ear for more than 3 months, they may be referred to a specialist for hearing tests. […] Glue ear is not always treated. The GP will usually wait to see if the symptoms get better on their own. […] Your child may be monitored for up to a year in case their symptoms change or get worse. […] The GP may suggest trying a treatment called autoinflation while waiting for symptoms to improve.

• #24 Deafness and hearing loss toolkit: Paediatric Hearing – Otitis Media with Effusion (Glue Ear) | RCGP Learning

  https://elearning.rcgp.org.uk/mod/book/view.php?id=12532&chapterid=846

  Otitis Media with Effusion (OME), also known as, Glue Ear is a condition characterised by a collection of fluid within the middle ear space without signs of acute infection. OME may be associated with significant hearing loss, especially if it is bilateral and lasts for longer than 1 month. […] For children with OME without hearing loss, provide reassurance that it will often get better over time and that no treatment is necessary. 50% of cases will resolve spontaneously within 6 weeks. […] If OME with hearing loss referral to audiology for formal assessment with tympanometry and hearing testing. […] Treatment can be grommet insertion. […] Children should be followed up periodically by a GP when discharged from ENT or sooner if symptoms re-occur. If any concerns, their hearing should be re-assessed by an audiologist. If symptoms of OME recur, refer the child back to an ENT specialist. […] Support for the child in the environment includes being close to and facing the child when speaking to them, minimising background noise, using visual aids, informing their teacher that the child has OME, and asking if adjustments can be made in school to help.

• #25 Glue ear – Alder Hey Children’s Hospital Trust Glue ear

  https://www.alderhey.nhs.uk/conditions/patient-information-leaflets/glue-ear/

  If the glue ear is having a significant impact on the child’s ability to hear, we can also consider fitting a temporary hearing aid worn on a headband (contact mini bone conduction hearing aid, discussed below). […] Children may have a conductive hearing loss which means that the ear’s ability to conduct sound into the inner ear is blocked or reduced. Although this is often temporary, a child may be fitted with a contact mini bone conduction hearing aid to enable them to hear clearly whilst the problem persists. […] An Audiologist will examine your child’s ears to check the health of the ear canal and ear drum. […] Tympanometry testing will be carried out, which tests how well the ear drum can move. If there is fluid present in the middle ear, the ear drum won’t move properly. The test should only take a minute and is completely painless. […] The Audiologist will explain all the results and answer any questions you may have at the end of the appointment.

• #26 Otitis media with effusion in under 12s – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK595331/

  Advise parents and carers to avoid exposing their child to tobacco smoke because it may increase their risk of developing OME. […] Be aware that children with OME often present with any of the following features: hearing difficulties, delayed speech and language development, ear discomfort, tinnitus. […] Be aware that the following can also be associated with OME: behavioural problems, poor educational progress, balance difficulties. […] If OME is clinically suspected on the basis of the child’s clinical history and assessment of the presenting features, refer for formal assessment. […] Formal assessment should include: clinical examination, focusing on otoscopy, general upper respiratory health, general developmental status, hearing testing, tympanometry. […] Consider air conduction hearing aids or bone conduction devices for children with OME-related hearing loss.

• #27 Glue Ear | Ear Health

  https://www.earhealth.co.nz/glue-ear/

  Glue ear occurs when the Eustachian tube becomes blocked or doesn’t function properly, preventing fluid from draining from the middle ear. Factors that can contribute to Eustachian tube dysfunction include: […] Treatment depends on the severity of symptoms, duration, and impact on quality of life. […] If glue ear is suspected, a healthcare professional may perform the following: […] Glue ear is a common condition impacting hearing and overall development, particularly in young children. Understanding the signs, causes, and treatment options is essential for managing the condition effectively.

• #28 Deafness and hearing loss toolkit: Paediatric Hearing – Otitis Media with Effusion (Glue Ear) | RCGP Learning

  https://elearning.rcgp.org.uk/mod/book/view.php?id=12532&chapterid=846

  Otitis Media with Effusion (OME), also known as, Glue Ear is a condition characterised by a collection of fluid within the middle ear space without signs of acute infection. OME may be associated with significant hearing loss, especially if it is bilateral and lasts for longer than 1 month. […] For children with OME without hearing loss, provide reassurance that it will often get better over time and that no treatment is necessary. 50% of cases will resolve spontaneously within 6 weeks. […] If OME with hearing loss referral to audiology for formal assessment with tympanometry and hearing testing. […] Treatment can be grommet insertion. […] Children should be followed up periodically by a GP when discharged from ENT or sooner if symptoms re-occur. If any concerns, their hearing should be re-assessed by an audiologist. If symptoms of OME recur, refer the child back to an ENT specialist. […] Support for the child in the environment includes being close to and facing the child when speaking to them, minimising background noise, using visual aids, informing their teacher that the child has OME, and asking if adjustments can be made in school to help.

• #29 Otitis Media Effusion – Glue Ear – RefHelp

  https://apps.nhslothian.scot/refhelp/guidelines/paediatrics/paediatric-ent/otitismediaeffusionpaeds/

  OME (glue ear) is very common and at any given time about 30% of 3 year olds have OME. […] It occurs principally in pre- and primary school age children and the natural history is one of spontaneous remission, predominantly between the ages of eight and ten years. Therefore a large proportion of cases can be managed by watchful waiting. […] OME can be asymptomatic but can lead to conductive hearing loss (CHL) and/or recurrent acute otitis media (RAOM). […] Hearing loss in children in the majority of cases will be fluctuating, conductive and due to OME, thus hearing loss in children concurrent and following URTI is very common. This will usually settle and does not require referral. […] If the hearing loss persists over 3 months, refer to audiology only. Should this be sustained, audiology will refer on to ENT for consideration of grommet insertion. […] OME with hearing loss will usually settle within 3 months, but please refer to Audiology, if not. […] If nasal obstruction a 3-month trial of nasal steroids and/or saltwater spray/rinse and an oral antihistamine can be beneficial. […] Parents should be urged to stop smoking.

• #30 Otitis media with effusion in under 12s – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK595331/

  For children with OME without hearing loss, provide reassurance to them, their parents and carers that it will often get better on its own over time and explain that no treatment is necessary and the reasons for this. […] Discuss management options with children with confirmed OME and hearing loss, and their parents and carers. Use the OME decision table to guide and inform the conversation, and cover: the benefits, risks and practical considerations of each option (for example, monitoring and support, auto-inflation, hearing aids, and grommets [ventilation tubes]). […] Advise parents and carers about ways they can support their child with OME and hearing loss, including in educational settings. […] Ensure parents and carers are informed that management decisions may need to be reviewed, including the option of no active treatment, according to the changing needs of the child.

• #31 Glue ear » Whānau Āwhina PlunketPlunket Logo

  https://www.plunket.org.nz/child-health-concerns-and-symptoms/ears-and-eyes/glue-ear/

  Glue ear is usually painless, so the main symptom you may notice in your child is hearing issues. […] If you think your child may have glue ear, or you are worried about their hearing or language development, see your family doctor. […] There are no medications to treat glue ear – usually it will improve on its own. It can take weeks or months to clear up. […] In some cases, glue ear will have to be treated with the insertion of ventilation tubes, called grommets. […] Your child may also need support with speech and language, if they’ve been affected by hearing loss. […] The biggest challenge for your child with glue ear is hearing. Below are a few tips to help make sure you continue to communicate well with your child: get your child’s attention before you speak to them, minimise background noise, if possible, make sure your child can see your face when you are speaking, look at your child when you speak, and speak slowly, clearly and slightly louder than normal, know that having hearing problems may cause changes in your child’s behaviour, if your child goes to day care or preschool, let their teacher know about the glue ear and hearing problems – they can help by seating your child at the front of the class.

• #32 Oral steroids do not help hearing for children with glue ear

  https://evidence.nihr.ac.uk/alert/oral-steroids-do-not-help-hearing-for-children-with-glue-ear/

  The findings confirm the high rate of spontaneous resolution of glue ear at six months and one year. The small seven percentage point increase in acceptable hearing at five weeks was not statistically significant or clinically important and suggests that steroids do not have a worthwhile effect on hearing. Quality of life did not differ between groups, and this supports current guidance that oral steroids should not be prescribed for glue ear in children. […] Grommets remain an option for those with bilateral effusion and persistent hearing loss.

• #33 Glue ear

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/glue-ear/

  Glue ear is where the middle part of the ear canal fills up with fluid. This can cause temporary hearing loss. It usually clears up within 3 months, but see a GP about any hearing problems. […] Glue ear is much more common in children, but adults with glue ear have the same symptoms. […] A GP should be able to tell if it’s glue ear by looking for fluid inside the ear. […] If your child has had glue ear for more than 3 months, they may be referred to a specialist for hearing tests. […] Glue ear is not always treated. The GP will usually wait to see if the symptoms get better on their own. […] Your child may be monitored for up to a year in case their symptoms change or get worse. […] The GP may suggest trying a treatment called autoinflation while waiting for symptoms to improve.

• #34 Nasal balloon autoinflation for glue ear in primary care: a qualitative interview study | British Journal of General Practice

  https://bjgp.org/content/69/678/e24

  Nasal balloon autoinflation is an effective, non-surgical treatment for symptomatic children with glue ear, although uptake is variable and evidence about acceptability and feasibility is limited. […] To explore parent and healthcare professional views and experiences of nasal balloon autoinflation for children with glue ear in primary care. […] Parents described the nasal balloon as a natural, holistic treatment that was both acceptable and appealing to children. GPs and nurses perceived the method to be a low-cost, low-risk strategy, applicable to the primary care setting. […] Nasal balloon autoinflation is an acceptable, low-cost treatment option for children with glue ear in primary care. Provision of educational materials and demonstration of the method are likely to promote uptake and compliance.

• #35 Blowing balloons treats glue ear — Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford

  https://www.phc.ox.ac.uk/news/blowing-balloons-treats-glue-ear

  Autoinflation is a simple, low-cost procedure that can be taught to young children in a primary care setting with a reasonable expectation of compliance. […] We have found use of autoinflation in young, school-aged children with otitis media with effusion to be feasible, safe and effective in clearing effusions, and in improving important ear symptoms, concerns and related quality of life over a three-month watch-and-wait period.

• #36 Blowing up a balloon with the nose helps restore hearing in children with glue ear

  https://evidence.nihr.ac.uk/alert/blowing-up-a-balloon-with-the-nose-helps-restore-hearing-in-children-with-glue-ear/

  The use of a simple nasal balloon can help restore hearing in children aged 4 to 11 with glue ear. After 3 months, this non-surgical treatment restored normal hearing to 49.6% of children with glue ear compared with 38.3% receiving usual care. […] Few non-surgical treatments exist for children with glue ear. […] The nasal balloon device a simple, low cost non-surgical treatment that can be taught by nurses in general practice restored normal hearing in up to half of children with glue ear by three months so should be considered a treatment option during this time. […] If you have a prescription for a child less than 16 years of age the treatment is free on the NHS. […] As there is evidence that drugs are not effective for glue ear the introduction of this treatment will reduce the unnecessary use of antibiotics in primary care. […] This treatment could potentially reduce the number of surgical interventions required as a higher proportion of children will have restored hearing within three months. […] However it may not be suitable for very young children as they might not be able to use the nasal balloon device.

• #37

  https://www.racgp.org.au/clinical-resources/clinical-guidelines/handi/handi-interventions/procedures/autoinflation-for-glue-ear-in-children

  Use of an inflation device to open the eustachian tube (by raising intranasal pressure) and restore hearing. […] Glue ear is the most common chronic condition of childhood, with 80% of children affected at some point. […] For children with deafness due to glue ear, autoinflation can avoid the need for tympanoplasty tubes (grommets). […] The balloon-based device Otovent is available from chemists and online for around $30. […] The air-pump device EarPopper is available online for $240. […] The device is used two to three times daily. During each session, the child inflates the balloon once via each nostril. […] Treatment may be repeated twice in each nostril, twice daily, and continued until symptoms resolve. […] In approximately one-third of affected children, symptoms will resolve without any treatment. […] Further training of parents/children on how to use the device could be provided by a GP or practice nurse during a single consultation.

• #38

  https://www.racgp.org.au/clinical-resources/clinical-guidelines/handi/handi-interventions/procedures/autoinflation-for-glue-ear-in-children

  Use of an inflation device to open the eustachian tube (by raising intranasal pressure) and restore hearing. […] Glue ear is the most common chronic condition of childhood, with 80% of children affected at some point. […] For children with deafness due to glue ear, autoinflation can avoid the need for tympanoplasty tubes (grommets). […] The balloon-based device Otovent is available from chemists and online for around $30. […] The air-pump device EarPopper is available online for $240. […] The device is used two to three times daily. During each session, the child inflates the balloon once via each nostril. […] Treatment may be repeated twice in each nostril, twice daily, and continued until symptoms resolve. […] In approximately one-third of affected children, symptoms will resolve without any treatment. […] Further training of parents/children on how to use the device could be provided by a GP or practice nurse during a single consultation.

• #39 Nasal balloon autoinflation for glue ear in primary care: a qualitative interview study | British Journal of General Practice

  https://bjgp.org/content/69/678/e24

  Treatment with the nasal balloon is ideally 3 months a reasonable watchful waiting period and thus requires an element of remembering to use it and persevering with treatment. […] This study suggests nasal balloon autoinflation is an acceptable treatment for early school-aged children with glue ear in primary care, and is feasible during a recommended 3-month monitoring period.

• #40 Glue ear

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/glue-ear/

  Antibiotics may be prescribed if glue ear causes an ear infection. […] Your child may be referred to a specialist in hospital if glue ear symptoms are affecting their learning and development. […] The 2 main treatments are temporary hearing aids or grommets (small tubes implanted in the ear). […] A grommet is a small tube that’s placed in your child’s ear during surgery. It drains fluid away and keeps the eardrum open.

• #41 Ear infections and glue ear

  https://www.rch.org.au/kidsinfo/fact_sheets/Ear_infections_and_glue_ear/

  If your child is not bothered by the glue ear, no treatment is needed. It usually goes away by itself over time. Sometimes antibiotics are prescribed to kill any germs left in the middle ear, and this may help the fluid to clear. If the glue ear still persists and is affecting your child’s hearing over many months, your doctor or ENT specialist may suggest surgery. This is a quick operation during which small tubes (called grommets) are put into your child’s ear. These tubes help fluid drain from the middle ear. […] […] If your child has hearing troubles that don’t improve in the weeks following a middle ear infection, or continues to be irritable, go back to the GP as your child may have glue ear. […] […] Most children outgrow middle ear problems (including glue ear), and have perfect and undamaged ears with normal hearing when they get older. […] […] Hearing and speech development can be affected if glue ear is persistent.

• #42 Treatment of glue ear with grommets | Great Ormond Street Hospital

  https://www.gosh.nhs.uk/conditions-and-treatments/procedures-and-treatments/treatment-glue-ear-grommets/

  Glue ear tends to affect children under the age of seven, most commonly between the ages of two and five. […] If your child has a single case of glue ear, it may clear up by itself. However, if it continues and starts to affect their speech, language or schooling, the doctor may suggest treatment using grommets, which are inserted during an operation. […] Grommets are tiny tubes inserted into the eardrum. They allow air to pass through the eardrum, keeping the air pressure on either side equal. […] For persistent glue ear, grommets are the treatment of choice. […] After the operation, your child will return to the ward to fully wake up from the anaesthetic. […] Your child will need to come back to the hospital for a check up appointment six weeks after the operation. We will send you details of this appointment. […] Once we’ve diagnosed and treated glue ear, the outlook is good. Most children with speech and language delays catch up and go on to have a normal school life.

• #43 GLUE EAR AND OTITIS MEDIA – a patient’s guide – Family Doctor

  https://familydoctor.co.nz/categories/ear-nose-and-throat-problems/glue-ear-and-otitis-media-a-patients-guide/

  Grommets eliminate middle ear fluid by allowing air in to the middle ear from the outside – they are not „drains”. Allowing air in from the outside through the grommet enables mucus and fluid to drain in the normal way down the Eustachian tube. There is usually improvement in hearing and reduction in frequency of acute otitis media episodes. Parents often report improvement in balance and walking ability, and an improvement in well being and happiness of the child. Many times, there is an improvement in sleeping at night. […] Grommets are tiny plastic flanged tubes, which are inserted through a small nick in the eardrum to allow air into the middle ear until the Eustachian Tube begins to function normally. They come in various different sizes, which last in the eardrum for different durations depending on the size of the flange inserted into the middle ear. The most common ventilation tubes last between 6-9 months and 12-15 months. This may vary considerably in individual children. Tube selection is sometimes dependent on personal preference of the surgeon, influenced by the season at time of insertion and the desired duration of action.

• #44 Ear Infections, Glue Ear and Grommets – Dr Murali Mahadevan – ENT Surgeon

  https://www.entdoctor.co.nz/pages/glue.htm

  Middle ear effusion when persists more three month period requires attention especially if it is causing hearing loss, changes on the tympanic membrane which may be irreversible such as scarring, speech and language developmental delay. […] In most instances ventilation tubes (grommets) are necessary as other options have already been tried and failed. […] These are a small plastic tube which is in the shape of small cotton reels. They are very small and are placed on the drum under a general anaesthetic, with a small incision on the tympanic membrane. One flange sits in the middle ear, the other on the external surface of the tympanic membrane. This helps to equalise the pressure, drain the fluid and restores the tympanic membrane to be in its normal position. […] The surgery for insertion of grommets is performed under general anaesthetic, with mask anaesthesia, and takes about ten minutes. It is a day procedure where the child is in hospital for approximately four hours. Post operatively the child usually requires Paracetamol and often some ear drops to keep the hole of the grommet patent for a few days.

• #45 Otitis media with effusion in under 12s – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK595331/

  Perform a postoperative hearing test 6 weeks after surgery for OME. […] If the hearing loss has resolved, discharge and advise parents and carers to seek a reassessment by the audiology service involved in their child’s care if they are concerned about a possible recurrence of OME-related hearing loss at a later date.

• #46 Glue ear in children: risk factors, symptoms and treatment | Spire Healthcare

  https://www.spirehealthcare.com/health-hub/specialties/ear-nose-and-throat/glue-ear-in-children-risk-factors-symptoms-and-treatment/

  There are two main options for treatment: grommet surgery and hearing aids. […] Grommet surgery is a quick surgery, performed under general anaesthesia, as a day case. It involves placing a tiny, hollow, plastic tube inside the ear drum. This allows air to circulate into the middle part of the ear. […] Around 70% of children who have grommet surgery are cured of glue ear by the time the grommet falls out. […] If you don’t want your child to have surgery, hearing aids can be fitted. However, hearing loss due to glue ear often varies through the day, which makes it difficult to apply settings on the hearing aids that will consistently provide the level of hearing needed. […] It is, therefore, important to see your GP if you suspect your child has persistent glue ear.

• #47 Glue Ear (Otitis Media with Effusion): Symptoms & Causes

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/23523-glue-ear

  Your childs specialist may perform a surgery called myringotomy. During this procedure, the specialist will make a small cut in your childs eardrum to allow fluid to drain from their middle ear. […] If enlarged adenoids are the cause of your childs glue ear, their specialist may perform an adenoidectomy. […] Hearing aids are devices that make sounds louder. To help with temporary hearing loss, your childs healthcare provider may recommend hearing aids. […] Glue ear is a very common condition that usually resolves on its own. But if symptoms continue for several months, your child may experience hearing loss. This can affect their speech and language development. […] Most cases of glue ear go away on their own within two to three weeks. Sometimes, the condition persists for several months. If it hasnt resolved on its own within three months, speak with your childs healthcare provider about appropriate treatment.

• #48 Glue ear — julianhamann.com

  https://www.julianhamann.com/ear-balance-dizziness/glue-ear

  Often, glue ear requires no treatment as it resolves with time. However, in cases of prolonged or recurrent glue ear, treatment options include: Autoinflation devices: these can be used in mild cases of glue ear. A device, such as the Otovent balloon, can be used to encourage the child to push air through the Eustachian tube and pop their ears. […] Grommets: Grommets are small plastic tubes, inserted under a short general anaesthetic, that bypass the Eustachian tube. They are placed through the eardrum, and stay in place for about six months to a year. The fluid is also drained from the middle ear during the procedure. […] Adenoidectomy: the adenoids are sometimes involved in the development of glue ear. They may be removed in persistent cases, or where other symptoms, such as snoring, indicate that this would be beneficial.

• #49 Otitis media with effusion in under 12s – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK595331/

  Do not offer antibiotics to treat OME. […] Do not offer oral or nasal corticosteroids for OME or OME-related hearing loss. […] Do not use the following treatments for management of OME: homeopathy, cranial osteopathy, acupuncture, dietary modification, including probiotics, massage. […] Consider grommets for the management of OME-related hearing loss in children. […] Discuss the benefits and risks of grommets with the child and their parents and carers, and make a shared decision on their use. […] When planning grommets for management of OME, consider adjuvant adenoidectomy unless assessment indicates an abnormality with the palate. […] Advise that water precautions should be taken to keep the ear dry for 2 weeks after grommet surgery. […] If there is isolated otorrhoea after grommet insertion, advise water precautions should be taken to keep the ear dry.

• #50 Ear Infections and “Glue Ear”: Healthy Ears, Happy Child – Adelaide ENT SpecialistsAdelaide ENT Specialists

  https://www.adelaideentspecialists.com.au/2015/12/ear-infections-and-glue-ear-healthy-ears-happy-child/

  Placement of middle ear ventilation tubes (grommets) is a relatively simple procedure to treat chronic glue ear. Small plastic tubes with approximately a 1 mm hole through the middle are placed in the ear drum via a small incision. The tube allows for drainage of fluid and ventilation of the middle ear, to equalise pressure and prevent bacterial overgrowth. Placement of grommets reduces the frequency of acute infection by about 80%, and corrects the hearing loss associated with glue ear. Grommets are naturally shed from the ear drum over about 9-12 months, and about one third of children will need them replaced at this time. The likelihood of requiring more than one set of grommets is increased if the first set is needed at a young age ( 2 years), and if the child attends child care. […] Adenoidectomy is sometimes advocated as an adjunctive (and occasionally as an alternative) procedure to grommets. Adenoids can become chronically inflamed and be a reservoir of bacteria, causing protracted inflammation of the Eustachian tubes. Removal of the adenoids is a relatively straightforward procedure that can help address this problem. Both procedures are usually performed as day procedures.

• #51 Glue Ear: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

  https://patient.info/ears-nose-throat-mouth/hearing-problems/glue-ear

  A small operation may be advised by an ear specialist if your child’s glue ear persists, or is severe. This involves inserting small tubes called grommets. The operation isn’t done as often as it used to be because it is now realised that most cases of glue ear get better without treatment. […] Hearing aids are an option instead of an operation to insert grommets in children with hearing loss who have glue ear in both ears. The hearing aids would usually only be used for the time until the glue ear clears away. There are different types of hearing aids that can be used mainly depending on whether the hearing is fluctuating or not.

• #52 Otitis media with effusion in under 12s – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK595331/

  Advise parents and carers to avoid exposing their child to tobacco smoke because it may increase their risk of developing OME. […] Be aware that children with OME often present with any of the following features: hearing difficulties, delayed speech and language development, ear discomfort, tinnitus. […] Be aware that the following can also be associated with OME: behavioural problems, poor educational progress, balance difficulties. […] If OME is clinically suspected on the basis of the child’s clinical history and assessment of the presenting features, refer for formal assessment. […] Formal assessment should include: clinical examination, focusing on otoscopy, general upper respiratory health, general developmental status, hearing testing, tympanometry. […] Consider air conduction hearing aids or bone conduction devices for children with OME-related hearing loss.

• #53 How to treat temporary deafness caused by glue ear | Glue ear

  https://www.ndcs.org.uk/information-and-support/childhood-deafness/causes-of-deafness/glue-ear/treat-glue-ear/

  Hearing aids are devices designed to make sounds louder. They are used on a temporary basis for glue ear while waiting either for the glue ear to resolve or for grommet surgery. For children who have repeated problems with glue ear or are unable to have grommet surgery, hearing aids can be very helpful. […] In 2023, the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) published guidance about glue ear for the NHS in England and Wales. Having studied all the research evidence available, they made recommendations on the use of various treatments for glue ear based on which treatments effectively treated the greatest number of children. NICE currently recommends grommets or hearing aids as effective treatments for glue ear. […] We are here for all children and young people who are deaf or experience temporary hearing loss, including glue ear.

• #54 How to treat temporary deafness caused by glue ear | Glue ear

  https://www.ndcs.org.uk/information-and-support/childhood-deafness/causes-of-deafness/glue-ear/treat-glue-ear/

  Hearing aids are devices designed to make sounds louder. They are used on a temporary basis for glue ear while waiting either for the glue ear to resolve or for grommet surgery. For children who have repeated problems with glue ear or are unable to have grommet surgery, hearing aids can be very helpful. […] In 2023, the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) published guidance about glue ear for the NHS in England and Wales. Having studied all the research evidence available, they made recommendations on the use of various treatments for glue ear based on which treatments effectively treated the greatest number of children. NICE currently recommends grommets or hearing aids as effective treatments for glue ear. […] We are here for all children and young people who are deaf or experience temporary hearing loss, including glue ear.

• #55 Otitis media with effusion in under 12s – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK595331/

  Do not offer antibiotics to treat OME. […] Do not offer oral or nasal corticosteroids for OME or OME-related hearing loss. […] Do not use the following treatments for management of OME: homeopathy, cranial osteopathy, acupuncture, dietary modification, including probiotics, massage. […] Consider grommets for the management of OME-related hearing loss in children. […] Discuss the benefits and risks of grommets with the child and their parents and carers, and make a shared decision on their use. […] When planning grommets for management of OME, consider adjuvant adenoidectomy unless assessment indicates an abnormality with the palate. […] Advise that water precautions should be taken to keep the ear dry for 2 weeks after grommet surgery. […] If there is isolated otorrhoea after grommet insertion, advise water precautions should be taken to keep the ear dry.

• #56 Ear infections, earache and glue ear – HE1414

  https://healthed.govt.nz/products/ear-infections-earache-and-glue-ear

  Once the air can get back into the middle ear, hearing usually returns to normal. […] There are no medicines which effectively treat or prevent glue ear, but vaccination with the pneumococcal vaccine can help prevent ear infections and glue ear. […] Look at your child when you speak, and speak slowly, clearly and slightly louder than normal. […] If your child’s behaviour changes, it may be caused by the hearing problem. […] If your child goes to school or preschool, tell the teacher about their glue ear and hearing problems. The teacher can help by seating your child at the front of the class.

• #57 Glue ear

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/glue-ear/

  Antibiotics may be prescribed if glue ear causes an ear infection. […] Your child may be referred to a specialist in hospital if glue ear symptoms are affecting their learning and development. […] The 2 main treatments are temporary hearing aids or grommets (small tubes implanted in the ear). […] A grommet is a small tube that’s placed in your child’s ear during surgery. It drains fluid away and keeps the eardrum open.

• #58 What is Glue Ear and How is it Treated? | Palmetto ENT & Allergy | Blog

  https://palmettoentallergy.com/what-is-glue-ear-and-how-is-it-treated/

  Glue ear occurs when your middle ear fills with a thick, glue-like fluid. It is much more common in children than in adults. While it often clears up on its own, glue ear has the potential to lead to complications like infection and even hearing loss. […] When it becomes an infection, glue ear is also known as otitis media with effusion (OME). OME is one of the most frequent infectious diseases in children and is the most common cause of acquired hearing loss in childhood. […] Depending on factors like symptoms, severity and duration, several treatment options are available. These include: […] Observation. Glue ear often goes away on its own in a few months. Active observation is a common first step in children whose prognosis is good. […] Antibiotics. Medication will likely be given if your child has an infection to prevent complications.

• #59 Otitis Media Nursing Care Planning and Management: Study Guide

  https://nurseslabs.com/otitis-media/

  Most infants and children with otitis media are cared for at home; therefore, a primary responsibility of the nurse is to teach the family caregivers about prevention and the care of the child. […] Assessment of a child with otitis media include the following: […] Based on the assessment data, the major nursing diagnoses are: […] The major goals for the child with otitis media are: […] Nursing care for the child with otitis media include: […] Goals are met as evidenced by: […] Documentation in a child with otitis media include the following:

• #60 Glue Ear: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

  https://patient.info/ears-nose-throat-mouth/hearing-problems/glue-ear

  Glue ear is a condition where the middle ear fills with glue-like fluid instead of air. This causes dulled hearing. In most cases it clears without any treatment. An operation to clear the fluid and to insert ventilation tubes (grommets) or temporary use of hearing aids may be advised if glue ear persists. […] The main thing is to be aware that your child may have dulled hearing until the condition goes away or is treated. The following are some tips: Talk clearly and more loudly than usual (but you don’t have to shout). Attract your child’s attention before speaking to him or her. Talk directly face to face and at their level. Cut out background noise when you talk to your child (for example, turn off the TV). Understand that your child’s frustration or bad behaviour may be due to dulled hearing. Discuss the problem with the teacher if your child is at school or nursery. Sitting your child near to the teacher may help. Often in a class there are several children with glue ear and raising awareness of glue ear with teachers is helpful. Don’t let anybody smoke in the presence of your child.

• #61 Ear infections, earache and glue ear – HE1414

  https://healthed.govt.nz/products/ear-infections-earache-and-glue-ear

  Once the air can get back into the middle ear, hearing usually returns to normal. […] There are no medicines which effectively treat or prevent glue ear, but vaccination with the pneumococcal vaccine can help prevent ear infections and glue ear. […] Look at your child when you speak, and speak slowly, clearly and slightly louder than normal. […] If your child’s behaviour changes, it may be caused by the hearing problem. […] If your child goes to school or preschool, tell the teacher about their glue ear and hearing problems. The teacher can help by seating your child at the front of the class.

• #62 Glue Ear: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment | Ventura ENT Clinic

  https://venturaent.com/glue-ear/

  A hearing aid can sometimes be used to treat the poor hearing and speech problems that are caused by glue ear. This would mean that your child would not need an operation and are an option for those in whom a general anesthetic is a significant risk. […] Basic communication tips can help to make listening easier for your child. It is important to get your child’s attention before you start talking. Make sure you face your child as much as possible, and keep eye contact. Check that background noise is kept to a minimum. Speak clearly, without shouting and maintain your normal rhythm of speech. […] It is important that you tell the teacher about your child’s hearing so that arrangements can be made in school to help. It is important that your child is able to sit near the teacher in the classroom, that they understand what is said and that they are not made to feel awkward about asking for things to be repeated.

• #63 Glue ear » Whānau Āwhina PlunketPlunket Logo

  https://www.plunket.org.nz/child-health-concerns-and-symptoms/ears-and-eyes/glue-ear/

  Glue ear is usually painless, so the main symptom you may notice in your child is hearing issues. […] If you think your child may have glue ear, or you are worried about their hearing or language development, see your family doctor. […] There are no medications to treat glue ear – usually it will improve on its own. It can take weeks or months to clear up. […] In some cases, glue ear will have to be treated with the insertion of ventilation tubes, called grommets. […] Your child may also need support with speech and language, if they’ve been affected by hearing loss. […] The biggest challenge for your child with glue ear is hearing. Below are a few tips to help make sure you continue to communicate well with your child: get your child’s attention before you speak to them, minimise background noise, if possible, make sure your child can see your face when you are speaking, look at your child when you speak, and speak slowly, clearly and slightly louder than normal, know that having hearing problems may cause changes in your child’s behaviour, if your child goes to day care or preschool, let their teacher know about the glue ear and hearing problems – they can help by seating your child at the front of the class.

• #64 Otitis media with effusion in under 12s – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK595331/

  Do not offer antibiotics to treat OME. […] Do not offer oral or nasal corticosteroids for OME or OME-related hearing loss. […] Do not use the following treatments for management of OME: homeopathy, cranial osteopathy, acupuncture, dietary modification, including probiotics, massage. […] Consider grommets for the management of OME-related hearing loss in children. […] Discuss the benefits and risks of grommets with the child and their parents and carers, and make a shared decision on their use. […] When planning grommets for management of OME, consider adjuvant adenoidectomy unless assessment indicates an abnormality with the palate. […] Advise that water precautions should be taken to keep the ear dry for 2 weeks after grommet surgery. […] If there is isolated otorrhoea after grommet insertion, advise water precautions should be taken to keep the ear dry.

• #65 Ear Infections and Ear Grommets – ENT Clinic

  https://ent-surgery.com.au/ent-resources/childrens-ent/ear-infections-and-ear-grommets/

  Fluid may drain from the ear following insertion of grommets. […] Jumping and diving into water is best avoided unless earplugs and a swim cap are worn. […] Usually the presence of grommets causes no pain and ear pain is one of the first signs of infection – another sign of infection is drainage from the ear. […] If this occurs concerns you should visit your local doctor who will contact your surgeon.

• #66 Glue ear (otitis media with effusion) | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/glue-ear

  While glue ear can be caused by ear infections, it’s hard to prevent colds that can lead to ear infections. Good hygiene can help lower your chance of catching a cold. […] There are some things you can do to lower your or your child’s risk of glue ear: Keep away from cigarette smoke. […] If glue ear does not resolve on its own, there are a few treatment options your doctor may suggest: hearing aids if glue ear persists and affects hearing; grommets (ventilation tubes) if the fluid doesn’t go away and is causing hearing loss. These are inserted into the eardrums during a minor surgical procedure to help drain the fluid.

• #67 Glue ear — julianhamann.com

  https://www.julianhamann.com/ear-balance-dizziness/glue-ear

  There are some things that you can do to minimize the risk of glue ear in your child, (although they may not always be practical measures!): avoid exposure to tobacco smoke. It is thought that the smoke from tobacco may cause irritation and inflammation of the Eustachian tube, increasing the risk of glue ear. breast feeding for more than six months reduces the likelihood of glue ear. studies in California and Finland found that children immunized with the pneumococcal vaccination were significantly less likely to need grommets. the use of dummies (pacifiers) has been found to increase middle ear infections, so could be implicated in glue ear. bottle feeding whilst your child is in a horizontal position may increase the risk of the Eustachian tube becoming blocked. children in daycare settings are more at risk of glue ear. This may be because they are more exposed to upper respiratory tract infections, which in turn increase the likelihood of glue ear. However, this added risk needs to balanced against the benefits of daycare. […] Children with other congenital problems such as cleft palate and Downs syndrome are also at greater risk of developing glue ear.

• #68 Otitis media with effusion in under 12s – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK595331/

  Advise parents and carers to avoid exposing their child to tobacco smoke because it may increase their risk of developing OME. […] Be aware that children with OME often present with any of the following features: hearing difficulties, delayed speech and language development, ear discomfort, tinnitus. […] Be aware that the following can also be associated with OME: behavioural problems, poor educational progress, balance difficulties. […] If OME is clinically suspected on the basis of the child’s clinical history and assessment of the presenting features, refer for formal assessment. […] Formal assessment should include: clinical examination, focusing on otoscopy, general upper respiratory health, general developmental status, hearing testing, tympanometry. […] Consider air conduction hearing aids or bone conduction devices for children with OME-related hearing loss.

• #69 Glue ear — julianhamann.com

  https://www.julianhamann.com/ear-balance-dizziness/glue-ear

  There are some things that you can do to minimize the risk of glue ear in your child, (although they may not always be practical measures!): avoid exposure to tobacco smoke. It is thought that the smoke from tobacco may cause irritation and inflammation of the Eustachian tube, increasing the risk of glue ear. breast feeding for more than six months reduces the likelihood of glue ear. studies in California and Finland found that children immunized with the pneumococcal vaccination were significantly less likely to need grommets. the use of dummies (pacifiers) has been found to increase middle ear infections, so could be implicated in glue ear. bottle feeding whilst your child is in a horizontal position may increase the risk of the Eustachian tube becoming blocked. children in daycare settings are more at risk of glue ear. This may be because they are more exposed to upper respiratory tract infections, which in turn increase the likelihood of glue ear. However, this added risk needs to balanced against the benefits of daycare. […] Children with other congenital problems such as cleft palate and Downs syndrome are also at greater risk of developing glue ear.

• #70 Glue ear — julianhamann.com

  https://www.julianhamann.com/ear-balance-dizziness/glue-ear

  There are some things that you can do to minimize the risk of glue ear in your child, (although they may not always be practical measures!): avoid exposure to tobacco smoke. It is thought that the smoke from tobacco may cause irritation and inflammation of the Eustachian tube, increasing the risk of glue ear. breast feeding for more than six months reduces the likelihood of glue ear. studies in California and Finland found that children immunized with the pneumococcal vaccination were significantly less likely to need grommets. the use of dummies (pacifiers) has been found to increase middle ear infections, so could be implicated in glue ear. bottle feeding whilst your child is in a horizontal position may increase the risk of the Eustachian tube becoming blocked. children in daycare settings are more at risk of glue ear. This may be because they are more exposed to upper respiratory tract infections, which in turn increase the likelihood of glue ear. However, this added risk needs to balanced against the benefits of daycare. […] Children with other congenital problems such as cleft palate and Downs syndrome are also at greater risk of developing glue ear.

• #71 Glue ear — julianhamann.com

  https://www.julianhamann.com/ear-balance-dizziness/glue-ear

  There are some things that you can do to minimize the risk of glue ear in your child, (although they may not always be practical measures!): avoid exposure to tobacco smoke. It is thought that the smoke from tobacco may cause irritation and inflammation of the Eustachian tube, increasing the risk of glue ear. breast feeding for more than six months reduces the likelihood of glue ear. studies in California and Finland found that children immunized with the pneumococcal vaccination were significantly less likely to need grommets. the use of dummies (pacifiers) has been found to increase middle ear infections, so could be implicated in glue ear. bottle feeding whilst your child is in a horizontal position may increase the risk of the Eustachian tube becoming blocked. children in daycare settings are more at risk of glue ear. This may be because they are more exposed to upper respiratory tract infections, which in turn increase the likelihood of glue ear. However, this added risk needs to balanced against the benefits of daycare. […] Children with other congenital problems such as cleft palate and Downs syndrome are also at greater risk of developing glue ear.

• #72 Otitis media (middle ear infection) – symptoms, treatment and causes | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/otitis-media

  Otitis media often comes from catching a cold. While it may be hard to prevent a cold, good hygiene can help lower your chance of getting sick. […] To lower your child’s chances of getting otitis media: keep them away from cigarette smoke; if your child uses a dummy, try to stop them from using it or try to limit dummy use; breastfeed your baby if you can; hold your baby upright when feeding them and don’t give them a bottle in bed. […] It’s also important to ensure your child has all their vaccinations on time, to help prevent illness.

• #73 Otitis Media – Glue Ear – Advanced Functional Medicine

  https://advancedfunctionalmedicine.com.au/otitis-media-glue-ear-symptoms-causes-natural-treatment/

  Chronic otitis media also known as glue ear occurs when fluid accumulates in the middle ear as a result of poor drainage of the Eustachian tubes. It often occurs in children after recurrent bouts of acute ear infections where the mucous membrane continues to produce fluid. […] Glue ear affects 20-40% of children under 6 and is often associated with food or environmental allergies (85-93% of these children have allergies). […] Glue ear is more common in children due to anatomy of Eustachian tubes, which is narrower and more horizontal than in adults. […] Identify / eliminate food and environmental triggers […] Reduce inflammation and mucous production […] Balance immune system […] Improve digestive function and optimise gut flora. […] Identify/remove allergenic foods: wheat and dairy are major factors

• #74 Glue ear | Healthylife

  https://www.healthylife.com.au/learn/glue-ear?srsltid=AfmBOorMVLGQ874MtGbTN1JpoM1PgmxSF0GZYg5vj59qHkFXyhVbq-Ch

  Whether the cause be from allergy or immunity, support the body with the following suggestions. […] Avoid known allergens. Gluten containing foods, dairy products, nuts are some foods eaten regularly which your child might be allergic to contributing to chronic ear infections. An IgG food sensitivity test can show any food allergy, food intolerance or food sensitivity. Replacing cows milk with goats milk will often show positive results.

• #75 Ear infections, earache and glue ear – HE1414

  https://healthed.govt.nz/products/ear-infections-earache-and-glue-ear

  Once the air can get back into the middle ear, hearing usually returns to normal. […] There are no medicines which effectively treat or prevent glue ear, but vaccination with the pneumococcal vaccine can help prevent ear infections and glue ear. […] Look at your child when you speak, and speak slowly, clearly and slightly louder than normal. […] If your child’s behaviour changes, it may be caused by the hearing problem. […] If your child goes to school or preschool, tell the teacher about their glue ear and hearing problems. The teacher can help by seating your child at the front of the class.

• #76 Otitis media (middle ear infection) – symptoms, treatment and causes | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/otitis-media

  Otitis media often comes from catching a cold. While it may be hard to prevent a cold, good hygiene can help lower your chance of getting sick. […] To lower your child’s chances of getting otitis media: keep them away from cigarette smoke; if your child uses a dummy, try to stop them from using it or try to limit dummy use; breastfeed your baby if you can; hold your baby upright when feeding them and don’t give them a bottle in bed. […] It’s also important to ensure your child has all their vaccinations on time, to help prevent illness.

• #77 Glue Ear (Otitis Media with Effusion): Symptoms & Causes

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/23523-glue-ear

  Glue ear, or otitis media with effusion, is a common condition in children. Most cases resolve on their own. But fluid buildup in your childs ears can cause hearing loss, which can lead to speech delay and language issues. So if you notice any signs of the condition, make an appointment with your childs healthcare provider. They can diagnose your child and provide proper treatment. The good news is most children dont have any long-term hearing loss or speech issues from this condition.

• #78 Treatment of glue ear with grommets | Great Ormond Street Hospital

  https://www.gosh.nhs.uk/conditions-and-treatments/procedures-and-treatments/treatment-glue-ear-grommets/

  Glue ear tends to affect children under the age of seven, most commonly between the ages of two and five. […] If your child has a single case of glue ear, it may clear up by itself. However, if it continues and starts to affect their speech, language or schooling, the doctor may suggest treatment using grommets, which are inserted during an operation. […] Grommets are tiny tubes inserted into the eardrum. They allow air to pass through the eardrum, keeping the air pressure on either side equal. […] For persistent glue ear, grommets are the treatment of choice. […] After the operation, your child will return to the ward to fully wake up from the anaesthetic. […] Your child will need to come back to the hospital for a check up appointment six weeks after the operation. We will send you details of this appointment. […] Once we’ve diagnosed and treated glue ear, the outlook is good. Most children with speech and language delays catch up and go on to have a normal school life.

• #79 Ear infections and glue ear

  https://www.rch.org.au/kidsinfo/fact_sheets/Ear_infections_and_glue_ear/

  If your child is not bothered by the glue ear, no treatment is needed. It usually goes away by itself over time. Sometimes antibiotics are prescribed to kill any germs left in the middle ear, and this may help the fluid to clear. If the glue ear still persists and is affecting your child’s hearing over many months, your doctor or ENT specialist may suggest surgery. This is a quick operation during which small tubes (called grommets) are put into your child’s ear. These tubes help fluid drain from the middle ear. […] […] If your child has hearing troubles that don’t improve in the weeks following a middle ear infection, or continues to be irritable, go back to the GP as your child may have glue ear. […] […] Most children outgrow middle ear problems (including glue ear), and have perfect and undamaged ears with normal hearing when they get older. […] […] Hearing and speech development can be affected if glue ear is persistent.

• #80 Ear Infections, Glue Ear and Grommets – Dr Murali Mahadevan – ENT Surgeon

  https://www.entdoctor.co.nz/pages/glue.htm

  Middle ear effusion when persists more three month period requires attention especially if it is causing hearing loss, changes on the tympanic membrane which may be irreversible such as scarring, speech and language developmental delay. […] In most instances ventilation tubes (grommets) are necessary as other options have already been tried and failed. […] These are a small plastic tube which is in the shape of small cotton reels. They are very small and are placed on the drum under a general anaesthetic, with a small incision on the tympanic membrane. One flange sits in the middle ear, the other on the external surface of the tympanic membrane. This helps to equalise the pressure, drain the fluid and restores the tympanic membrane to be in its normal position. […] The surgery for insertion of grommets is performed under general anaesthetic, with mask anaesthesia, and takes about ten minutes. It is a day procedure where the child is in hospital for approximately four hours. Post operatively the child usually requires Paracetamol and often some ear drops to keep the hole of the grommet patent for a few days.

• #81 Treatment of glue ear with grommets | Great Ormond Street Hospital

  https://www.gosh.nhs.uk/conditions-and-treatments/procedures-and-treatments/treatment-glue-ear-grommets/

  Glue ear tends to affect children under the age of seven, most commonly between the ages of two and five. […] If your child has a single case of glue ear, it may clear up by itself. However, if it continues and starts to affect their speech, language or schooling, the doctor may suggest treatment using grommets, which are inserted during an operation. […] Grommets are tiny tubes inserted into the eardrum. They allow air to pass through the eardrum, keeping the air pressure on either side equal. […] For persistent glue ear, grommets are the treatment of choice. […] After the operation, your child will return to the ward to fully wake up from the anaesthetic. […] Your child will need to come back to the hospital for a check up appointment six weeks after the operation. We will send you details of this appointment. […] Once we’ve diagnosed and treated glue ear, the outlook is good. Most children with speech and language delays catch up and go on to have a normal school life.

• #82 Ear infections and glue ear factsheet | The Sydney Children’s Hospitals Network

  https://www.schn.health.nsw.gov.au/ear-infections-and-glue-ear-factsheet

  Glue ear is a condition where the liquid made by the middle ear becomes thick and sticky, like glue. […] When the liquid becomes too thick, it cannot drain through the eustachian tube properly and builds up in the middle ear. This can cause infection and hearing loss. […] Glue ear will usually get better on its own. Your child’s doctor may recommend grommet treatment if it lasts over three months. […] Grommets are small tubes inserted into the ear to help fluid drain. Early treatment of glue ear is important, as it can lead to hearing loss and issues with learning, communication, and development.

• #83 Otitis Media Nursing Care Planning and Management: Study Guide

  https://nurseslabs.com/otitis-media/

  Most infants and children with otitis media are cared for at home; therefore, a primary responsibility of the nurse is to teach the family caregivers about prevention and the care of the child. […] Assessment of a child with otitis media include the following: […] Based on the assessment data, the major nursing diagnoses are: […] The major goals for the child with otitis media are: […] Nursing care for the child with otitis media include: […] Goals are met as evidenced by: […] Documentation in a child with otitis media include the following:

• #84 Balloon offers novel treatment option for ‘glue ear’ | Nursing Times

  https://www.nursingtimes.net/roles/practice-nurses/balloon-offers-novel-treatment-option-for-glue-ear-28-07-2015/

  A simple procedure using a nasal balloon can help treat hearing loss caused by otitis media with effusion in children, according to UK researchers. […] For children with a common middle-ear problem, inflating a nasal balloon can reduce the impact of hearing loss and avoid the use of antibiotics, according to trial results. […] The study authors suggested that the treatment should be used more widely in children over the age of four to manage otitis media with effusion and help treat the associated hearing loss. […] Auto-inflation is a simple, low-cost procedure that can be taught to young children in a primary care setting. […] The study authors said: Auto-inflation is a simple, low-cost procedure that can be taught to young children in a primary care setting with a reasonable expectation of compliance.

• #85

  https://www.independentnurse.co.uk/content/clinical/glue-ear/

  Glue ear or otitis media with effusion (OME) is an increasingly frequent presentation in primary care and the most common reason for childhood surgery; however, there are presently no proven effective medical treatments. […] Glue ear is a common cause of ill health in children but the absence of specific signs makes it difficult to diagnose. […] The recommended management is active monitoring for three months before referral for surgery. […] Impact on quality of life is emerging as an important factor to influence referral rates.

• #86 Balloon offers novel treatment option for ‘glue ear’ | Nursing Times

  https://www.nursingtimes.net/roles/practice-nurses/balloon-offers-novel-treatment-option-for-glue-ear-28-07-2015/

  We have found use of auto-inflation in young, school-aged children with otitis media with effusion to be feasible, safe and effective in clearing effusions, and in improving important ear symptoms, concerns and related quality of life over a three-month watch-and-wait period, they said in the Canadian Medical Association Journal. […] Unfortunately, all available medical treatments for otitis media with effusion such as antibiotics, antihistamines, decongestants and intranasal steroids are ineffective and have unwanted effects, he said. […] However, the authors noted that for the balloon therapy to be widely adopted in practice clinicians would need to know about the techniques effectiveness, how it was done and also be able to instruct patients.

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