Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Dental Caries Overview | Data & Statistics | National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research

  https://www.nidcr.nih.gov/research/data-statistics/dental-caries

  Dental caries (tooth decay) remains the most prevalent chronic disease in both children and adults, even though it is largely preventable. […] Although caries has significantly decreased for most Americans over the past five decades, disparities remain among some population groups. […] The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) has been an important source of information on oral health and dental care in the United States since the early 1970s.

• #2

  https://ibis.utah.gov/epht-view/indicator/view/DenCarExpChi6_8.html

  Tooth decay (dental caries) is ””’largely preventable””’, but it remains the ””’most common chronic disease of children””’ aged 6 to 11 years, and adolescents aged 12 to 19 years. ””’Tooth decay is four times more common than asthma””’ among adolescents aged 14 to 17 years. By first grade most children have already experienced dental disease, and by second grade one fifth have obvious untreated decay. Utah continues to lag behind the U.S. in the percentage of caries-free children. Utah children have more cavities in part because of the lack of fluoridation in Utah community water systems. Community water fluoridation has been implemented in Salt Lake and Davis counties. It is also being implemented in Brigham City and Helper communities. Healthy People Objective: Reduce the proportion of children aged 6 to 9 years with dental caries experience in their primary and permanent teeth.

• #3

  https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/oral-health

  Untreated dental caries (tooth decay) in permanent teeth is the most common health condition according to the Global Burden of Disease 2021. […] Most cases are dental caries (tooth decay), periodontal diseases, tooth loss and oral cancers. […] A continued high intake of free sugars, inadequate exposure to fluoride and a lack of removal of plaque by toothbrushing can lead to caries, pain and sometimes tooth loss and infection. […] There is also a causal link between the high consumption of sugar and diabetes, obesity and dental caries. […] The burden of oral diseases and other noncommunicable diseases can be reduced through public health interventions by addressing common risk factors. […] Adequate exposure to fluoride is an essential factor in the prevention of dental caries.

• #4 Dental Caries Overview | Data & Statistics | National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research

  https://www.nidcr.nih.gov/research/data-statistics/dental-caries

  Dental caries (tooth decay) remains the most prevalent chronic disease in both children and adults, even though it is largely preventable. […] Although caries has significantly decreased for most Americans over the past five decades, disparities remain among some population groups. […] The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) has been an important source of information on oral health and dental care in the United States since the early 1970s.

• #5 Tooth decay – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tooth_decay

  Worldwide, approximately 3.6 billion people have dental caries in their permanent teeth. In baby teeth it affects about 620 million people or 9% of the population. The disease is most common in Latin American countries, countries in the Middle East, and South Asia, and least prevalent in China. In the United States, dental caries is the most common chronic childhood disease, being at least five times more common than asthma. It is the primary pathological cause of tooth loss in children. Between 29% and 59% of adults over the age of 50 experience caries. […] Treating dental cavities costs 5-10% of health-care budgets in industrialized countries, and can easily exceed budgets in lower-income countries. […] The number of cases has decreased in some developed countries, and this decline is usually attributed to increasingly better oral hygiene practices and preventive measures such as fluoride treatment. Nonetheless, countries that have experienced an overall decrease in cases of tooth decay continue to have a disparity in the distribution of the disease. Among children in the United States and Europe, twenty percent of the population endures sixty to eighty percent of cases of dental caries. A similarly skewed distribution of the disease is found throughout the world with some children having none or very few caries and others having a high number.

• #6 Tooth decay – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tooth_decay

  Worldwide, approximately 3.6 billion people have dental caries in their permanent teeth. In baby teeth it affects about 620 million people or 9% of the population. The disease is most common in Latin American countries, countries in the Middle East, and South Asia, and least prevalent in China. In the United States, dental caries is the most common chronic childhood disease, being at least five times more common than asthma. It is the primary pathological cause of tooth loss in children. Between 29% and 59% of adults over the age of 50 experience caries. […] Treating dental cavities costs 5-10% of health-care budgets in industrialized countries, and can easily exceed budgets in lower-income countries. […] The number of cases has decreased in some developed countries, and this decline is usually attributed to increasingly better oral hygiene practices and preventive measures such as fluoride treatment. Nonetheless, countries that have experienced an overall decrease in cases of tooth decay continue to have a disparity in the distribution of the disease. Among children in the United States and Europe, twenty percent of the population endures sixty to eighty percent of cases of dental caries. A similarly skewed distribution of the disease is found throughout the world with some children having none or very few caries and others having a high number.

• #7

  https://www.who.int/data/gho/indicator-metadata-registry/imr-details/3812

  Data type: Count (Indices) Topic: Burden of disease Rationale: This indicator belongs to a set of indicators whose purpose is to measure the dental caries situation/status. […] The Global Burden of Disease Study estimated that oral diseases affected at least 3.58 billion people worldwide in 2016, ranking first for dental caries (decay) of permanent teeth (2.4 billion people) and 17th for dental caries of deciduous teeth (486 million children). […] CAPP presents country oral diseases surveillance, which are based on national oral health surveys, annual publications from national health bulletins, and data retrieved from PubMed, Google and personal communications. […] Commonly used search words for PubMed and other sources are caries epidemiology, caries prevalence and oral health. […] WHO suggests that clinical oral health surveys should be conducted regularly every five to six years in the same community or setting. […] Generally national surveys are recommended to be conducted about every 5 to 6 years.

• #8 Epidemiology of dental caries | PPT

  https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/epidemiology-of-dental-caries-65629107/65629107

  Epidemiology can be defined as the study of the distribution and determinants of health related states or events in specified population and the application of this study to control the health problems. John Last 1988. […] Dental caries is still a major health problem in most industrialized countries, affecting 60-90% of school children vast majority of adults. It is the most prevalent oral disease in several Asian and Latin American countries, while it appears to be less common and less severe in most African countries. The WHO records a Global DMFT of 1.61 for 12 year old in 2004, a reduction of 0.13 as compared to a DMFT of 1.74 in the year 2001. […] Various studies conducted in different countries at different time periods have given evidence that a substantial decrease in caries prevalence in the last decade has been found among western countries whereas in case of developing and underdeveloped countries, prevalence of caries seems to be increasing.

• #9 Epidemiology of dental caries | PPT

  https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/epidemiology-of-dental-caries-240285552/240285552

  Various studies conducted in different countries at different time periods have given evidence that a substantial decrease in caries prevalence in the last decade has been found among western countries whereas in case of developing and underdeveloped countries, prevalence of caries seems to be increasing. […] According to the Nepal National Pathfinder survey 2004, 58% of 5-6 yrs old children suffer from Dental Caries and 45% of 9-11 yrs old children suffer from tooth pain. […] It shows that Nepal has a high incidence of problems in the area of dental health. […] According to the Annual Report (2009/10), 3,92,831 NEPALESE had Dental caries. […] Dental caries is a multifactorial disease in which there is an interaction between three principle factors: AGENT /micro-organism/ cariogenic biofilm, HOST/ tooth surface, and SUBSTRATE.

• #10 Epidemiology of dental caries | PPT

  https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/epidemiology-of-dental-caries-65629107/65629107

  Epidemiology can be defined as the study of the distribution and determinants of health related states or events in specified population and the application of this study to control the health problems. John Last 1988. […] Dental caries is still a major health problem in most industrialized countries, affecting 60-90% of school children vast majority of adults. It is the most prevalent oral disease in several Asian and Latin American countries, while it appears to be less common and less severe in most African countries. The WHO records a Global DMFT of 1.61 for 12 year old in 2004, a reduction of 0.13 as compared to a DMFT of 1.74 in the year 2001. […] Various studies conducted in different countries at different time periods have given evidence that a substantial decrease in caries prevalence in the last decade has been found among western countries whereas in case of developing and underdeveloped countries, prevalence of caries seems to be increasing.

• #11 Tooth decay – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tooth_decay

  Worldwide, approximately 3.6 billion people have dental caries in their permanent teeth. In baby teeth it affects about 620 million people or 9% of the population. The disease is most common in Latin American countries, countries in the Middle East, and South Asia, and least prevalent in China. In the United States, dental caries is the most common chronic childhood disease, being at least five times more common than asthma. It is the primary pathological cause of tooth loss in children. Between 29% and 59% of adults over the age of 50 experience caries. […] Treating dental cavities costs 5-10% of health-care budgets in industrialized countries, and can easily exceed budgets in lower-income countries. […] The number of cases has decreased in some developed countries, and this decline is usually attributed to increasingly better oral hygiene practices and preventive measures such as fluoride treatment. Nonetheless, countries that have experienced an overall decrease in cases of tooth decay continue to have a disparity in the distribution of the disease. Among children in the United States and Europe, twenty percent of the population endures sixty to eighty percent of cases of dental caries. A similarly skewed distribution of the disease is found throughout the world with some children having none or very few caries and others having a high number.

• #12

  https://ibis.utah.gov/epht-view/indicator/view/DenCarExpChi6_8.html

  Tooth decay (dental caries) is ””’largely preventable””’, but it remains the ””’most common chronic disease of children””’ aged 6 to 11 years, and adolescents aged 12 to 19 years. ””’Tooth decay is four times more common than asthma””’ among adolescents aged 14 to 17 years. By first grade most children have already experienced dental disease, and by second grade one fifth have obvious untreated decay. Utah continues to lag behind the U.S. in the percentage of caries-free children. Utah children have more cavities in part because of the lack of fluoridation in Utah community water systems. Community water fluoridation has been implemented in Salt Lake and Davis counties. It is also being implemented in Brigham City and Helper communities. Healthy People Objective: Reduce the proportion of children aged 6 to 9 years with dental caries experience in their primary and permanent teeth.

• #13 Tooth decay – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tooth_decay

  Worldwide, approximately 3.6 billion people have dental caries in their permanent teeth. In baby teeth it affects about 620 million people or 9% of the population. The disease is most common in Latin American countries, countries in the Middle East, and South Asia, and least prevalent in China. In the United States, dental caries is the most common chronic childhood disease, being at least five times more common than asthma. It is the primary pathological cause of tooth loss in children. Between 29% and 59% of adults over the age of 50 experience caries. […] Treating dental cavities costs 5-10% of health-care budgets in industrialized countries, and can easily exceed budgets in lower-income countries. […] The number of cases has decreased in some developed countries, and this decline is usually attributed to increasingly better oral hygiene practices and preventive measures such as fluoride treatment. Nonetheless, countries that have experienced an overall decrease in cases of tooth decay continue to have a disparity in the distribution of the disease. Among children in the United States and Europe, twenty percent of the population endures sixty to eighty percent of cases of dental caries. A similarly skewed distribution of the disease is found throughout the world with some children having none or very few caries and others having a high number.

• #14 Dental Caries in Adults (Age 20 to 64) | Data & Statistics | National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research

  https://www.nidcr.nih.gov/research/data-statistics/dental-caries/adults

  Dental caries, both treated and untreated, in the permanent teeth of all adults ages 20 to 64 years declined from the early 1970s until the most recent (20112016) National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The decrease was significant in all population subgroups. In spite of this decline, significant disparities are still found in some population groups. […] Nearly 90% of adults ages 20 to 64 years have had decay in their teeth, a percentage that has not changed significantly between the 19992004 and 20112016 NHANES cycles. […] 1 in 4 adults ages 20 to 64 years have had untreated decay in both NHANES cycles. […] Black and Mexican American subgroups and those with lower incomes and less education had more untreated decay compared to their counterparts. […] There was a significant decrease in the severity of tooth decay (DMFT) for nearly all adults of all ages between the two NHANES cycles.

• #15 Dental Caries in Adults (Age 20 to 64) | Data & Statistics | National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research

  https://www.nidcr.nih.gov/research/data-statistics/dental-caries/adults

  Dental caries, both treated and untreated, in the permanent teeth of all adults ages 20 to 64 years declined from the early 1970s until the most recent (20112016) National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The decrease was significant in all population subgroups. In spite of this decline, significant disparities are still found in some population groups. […] Nearly 90% of adults ages 20 to 64 years have had decay in their teeth, a percentage that has not changed significantly between the 19992004 and 20112016 NHANES cycles. […] 1 in 4 adults ages 20 to 64 years have had untreated decay in both NHANES cycles. […] Black and Mexican American subgroups and those with lower incomes and less education had more untreated decay compared to their counterparts. […] There was a significant decrease in the severity of tooth decay (DMFT) for nearly all adults of all ages between the two NHANES cycles.

• #16 Dental Caries in Adults (Age 20 to 64) | Data & Statistics | National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research

  https://www.nidcr.nih.gov/research/data-statistics/dental-caries/adults

  Dental caries, both treated and untreated, in the permanent teeth of all adults ages 20 to 64 years declined from the early 1970s until the most recent (20112016) National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The decrease was significant in all population subgroups. In spite of this decline, significant disparities are still found in some population groups. […] Nearly 90% of adults ages 20 to 64 years have had decay in their teeth, a percentage that has not changed significantly between the 19992004 and 20112016 NHANES cycles. […] 1 in 4 adults ages 20 to 64 years have had untreated decay in both NHANES cycles. […] Black and Mexican American subgroups and those with lower incomes and less education had more untreated decay compared to their counterparts. […] There was a significant decrease in the severity of tooth decay (DMFT) for nearly all adults of all ages between the two NHANES cycles.

• #17 Dental Caries in Adults (Age 20 to 64) | Data & Statistics | National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research

  https://www.nidcr.nih.gov/research/data-statistics/dental-caries/adults

  Dental caries, both treated and untreated, in the permanent teeth of all adults ages 20 to 64 years declined from the early 1970s until the most recent (20112016) National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The decrease was significant in all population subgroups. In spite of this decline, significant disparities are still found in some population groups. […] Nearly 90% of adults ages 20 to 64 years have had decay in their teeth, a percentage that has not changed significantly between the 19992004 and 20112016 NHANES cycles. […] 1 in 4 adults ages 20 to 64 years have had untreated decay in both NHANES cycles. […] Black and Mexican American subgroups and those with lower incomes and less education had more untreated decay compared to their counterparts. […] There was a significant decrease in the severity of tooth decay (DMFT) for nearly all adults of all ages between the two NHANES cycles.

• #18 Dental Caries in Adults (Age 20 to 64) | Data & Statistics | National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research

  https://www.nidcr.nih.gov/research/data-statistics/dental-caries/adults

  Dental caries, both treated and untreated, in the permanent teeth of all adults ages 20 to 64 years declined from the early 1970s until the most recent (20112016) National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The decrease was significant in all population subgroups. In spite of this decline, significant disparities are still found in some population groups. […] Nearly 90% of adults ages 20 to 64 years have had decay in their teeth, a percentage that has not changed significantly between the 19992004 and 20112016 NHANES cycles. […] 1 in 4 adults ages 20 to 64 years have had untreated decay in both NHANES cycles. […] Black and Mexican American subgroups and those with lower incomes and less education had more untreated decay compared to their counterparts. […] There was a significant decrease in the severity of tooth decay (DMFT) for nearly all adults of all ages between the two NHANES cycles.

• #19 Oral Health Surveillance Report, 2019 – Healthy People 2030 | odphp.health.gov

  https://odphp.health.gov/healthypeople/tools-action/browse-evidence-based-resources/oral-health-surveillance-report-2019

  CDC found that: […] In contrast, during 20112016, about 1 in 4 working-age adults and 1 in 6 older adults had untreated tooth decay. […] Reduce the proportion of children and adolescents with lifetime tooth decay OH01 Little or no detectable change. […] Reduce the proportion of children and adolescents with active and untreated tooth decay OH02 Improving. […] Reduce the proportion of adults with active or untreated tooth decay OH03 Improving. […] Reduce the proportion of older adults with untreated root surface decay OH04 Target met or exceeded. […] Reduce the proportion of adults aged 45 years and over who have lost all their teeth OH05 Getting worse. […] Reduce the proportion of adults aged 45 years and over with moderate and severe periodontitis OH06 Baseline only. […] Increase the proportion of oral and pharyngeal cancers detected at the earliest stage OH07 Baseline only.

• #20 Epidemiology and Etiology of Caries and Periodontal Disease in a US Population | A String around Your Finger: Do We Really Need to Floss? | Continuing Education Course on dentalcare.com

  https://www.dentalcare.com/en-us/ce-courses/ce691/epidemiology-and-etiology-of-caries-and-periodontal-disease-in-a-us

  Dental caries is a highly prevalent disease in both children and adults, despite declining rates of both treated and untreated caries since the 1970s. Approximately 13% of US children ages 2-19 years had untreated caries in 2015-2016, and the total incidence of caries (treated and untreated) amongst this group was 48.5%. […] Untreated decay is also highly prevalent among US adults; nearly 32% of US adults ages 20-44 years have untreated caries and 92% of dentate adults have decay in a permanent tooth. […] The average adult has 3.28 decayed, missing, or filled teeth and tooth loss and decay are more prevalent in some groups of individuals, including: children and older adults, individuals with lower socioeconomic status, Hispanic ethnicity, and non-Hispanic blacks. […] Patients quality of life is negatively affected by poor oral health and high caries and edentulism rates with the impact being significant in both children and adults.

• #21 Related Indicators

  https://ibis.utah.gov/ibisph-view/indicator/complete_profile/UntDenDecChi6_8.html

  Percentage of 6- to 9-year-old children with untreated dental caries. […] The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says about 1 of 5 (20%) children aged 5 to 11 years have at least one untreated decayed tooth. […] Untreated dental caries is an important indicator of adequate and timely access to dental care. […] Of the first through fourth grade students screened in Utah in 2015, 19.1% had obvious untreated decay. […] Medicaid and CHIP serve low income children; however, access remains a barrier to treatment. […] Individuals without dental insurance coverage have more untreated decay and were twice as likely to report that they could not access needed dental treatment during the past year. […] Dental disease affects children from poor families five times as much as children from higher income families. […] Minority ethnic populations have a higher incidence of caries experience and untreated caries but a lower rate of sealant placement. […] Oral disease has been linked to several other chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease and diabetes.

• #22 CDC Releases Dental Caries Surveillance Report | Pennsylvania Office of Rural Health

  https://www.porh.psu.edu/cdc-releases-dental-caries-surveillance-report/

  The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) released a new report, the 2024 Oral Health Surveillance Report: Dental Caries, Tooth Retention, and Edentulism, United States, 2018-March 2020. […] This report used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey to provide national estimates for the prevalence and severity of dental caries in primary and permanent teeth for individuals 2 years or older and for tooth retention in adults age 20 years or older. […] Among the findings, the report found that half of children ages 6 to 9 have had cavities in their primary or permanent teeth. […] More than 1 in 7 adults ages 65 and older have lost all of their teeth.

• #23 Epidemiology and Etiology of Caries and Periodontal Disease in a US Population | A String around Your Finger: Do We Really Need to Floss? | Continuing Education Course on dentalcare.com

  https://www.dentalcare.com/en-us/ce-courses/ce691/epidemiology-and-etiology-of-caries-and-periodontal-disease-in-a-us

  Dental caries is a highly prevalent disease in both children and adults, despite declining rates of both treated and untreated caries since the 1970s. Approximately 13% of US children ages 2-19 years had untreated caries in 2015-2016, and the total incidence of caries (treated and untreated) amongst this group was 48.5%. […] Untreated decay is also highly prevalent among US adults; nearly 32% of US adults ages 20-44 years have untreated caries and 92% of dentate adults have decay in a permanent tooth. […] The average adult has 3.28 decayed, missing, or filled teeth and tooth loss and decay are more prevalent in some groups of individuals, including: children and older adults, individuals with lower socioeconomic status, Hispanic ethnicity, and non-Hispanic blacks. […] Patients quality of life is negatively affected by poor oral health and high caries and edentulism rates with the impact being significant in both children and adults.

• #24 Tooth decay – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tooth_decay

  Worldwide, approximately 3.6 billion people have dental caries in their permanent teeth. In baby teeth it affects about 620 million people or 9% of the population. The disease is most common in Latin American countries, countries in the Middle East, and South Asia, and least prevalent in China. In the United States, dental caries is the most common chronic childhood disease, being at least five times more common than asthma. It is the primary pathological cause of tooth loss in children. Between 29% and 59% of adults over the age of 50 experience caries. […] Treating dental cavities costs 5-10% of health-care budgets in industrialized countries, and can easily exceed budgets in lower-income countries. […] The number of cases has decreased in some developed countries, and this decline is usually attributed to increasingly better oral hygiene practices and preventive measures such as fluoride treatment. Nonetheless, countries that have experienced an overall decrease in cases of tooth decay continue to have a disparity in the distribution of the disease. Among children in the United States and Europe, twenty percent of the population endures sixty to eighty percent of cases of dental caries. A similarly skewed distribution of the disease is found throughout the world with some children having none or very few caries and others having a high number.

• #25 Related Indicators

  https://ibis.utah.gov/ibisph-view/indicator/complete_profile/UntDenDecChi6_8.html

  Percentage of 6- to 9-year-old children with untreated dental caries. […] The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says about 1 of 5 (20%) children aged 5 to 11 years have at least one untreated decayed tooth. […] Untreated dental caries is an important indicator of adequate and timely access to dental care. […] Of the first through fourth grade students screened in Utah in 2015, 19.1% had obvious untreated decay. […] Medicaid and CHIP serve low income children; however, access remains a barrier to treatment. […] Individuals without dental insurance coverage have more untreated decay and were twice as likely to report that they could not access needed dental treatment during the past year. […] Dental disease affects children from poor families five times as much as children from higher income families. […] Minority ethnic populations have a higher incidence of caries experience and untreated caries but a lower rate of sealant placement. […] Oral disease has been linked to several other chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease and diabetes.

• #26 Related Indicators

  https://ibis.utah.gov/ibisph-view/indicator/complete_profile/UntDenDecChi6_8.html

  Percentage of 6- to 9-year-old children with untreated dental caries. […] The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says about 1 of 5 (20%) children aged 5 to 11 years have at least one untreated decayed tooth. […] Untreated dental caries is an important indicator of adequate and timely access to dental care. […] Of the first through fourth grade students screened in Utah in 2015, 19.1% had obvious untreated decay. […] Medicaid and CHIP serve low income children; however, access remains a barrier to treatment. […] Individuals without dental insurance coverage have more untreated decay and were twice as likely to report that they could not access needed dental treatment during the past year. […] Dental disease affects children from poor families five times as much as children from higher income families. […] Minority ethnic populations have a higher incidence of caries experience and untreated caries but a lower rate of sealant placement. […] Oral disease has been linked to several other chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease and diabetes.

• #27 Survey: Kentucky children’s dental decay rates surpass national average | Research

  https://www.research.uky.edu/news/survey-kentucky-childrens-dental-decay-rates-surpass-national-average

  The University of Kentucky College of Dentistry’s 2023 Kentucky Early Learners Oral Health Surveillance Project survey found dental decay rates for Kentucky children ages 2 through 5 are significantly higher than the national average. […] The project team concluded that dental decay rates for Kentucky children ages 2 through 5 are considerably higher than the national average and were comparable to the highest risk group in the U.S. which is children living at or below 100% poverty. […] Multiple, interconnected demographic, geographic and social factors influence tooth decay rates among the children screened. […] Additional findings show race, ethnicity and fewer economic resources compounded risk for dental decay. […] Although dental decay is a preventable disease, it remains the most common chronic childhood disease, approximately four times more prevalent than childhood asthma.

• #28 Survey: Kentucky children’s dental decay rates surpass national average | Research

  https://www.research.uky.edu/news/survey-kentucky-childrens-dental-decay-rates-surpass-national-average

  The University of Kentucky College of Dentistry’s 2023 Kentucky Early Learners Oral Health Surveillance Project survey found dental decay rates for Kentucky children ages 2 through 5 are significantly higher than the national average. […] The project team concluded that dental decay rates for Kentucky children ages 2 through 5 are considerably higher than the national average and were comparable to the highest risk group in the U.S. which is children living at or below 100% poverty. […] Multiple, interconnected demographic, geographic and social factors influence tooth decay rates among the children screened. […] Additional findings show race, ethnicity and fewer economic resources compounded risk for dental decay. […] Although dental decay is a preventable disease, it remains the most common chronic childhood disease, approximately four times more prevalent than childhood asthma.

• #29

  https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/oral-health-survey-of-5-year-old-schoolchildren-2024/national-dental-epidemiology-programme-ndep-for-england-oral-health-survey-of-5-year-old-schoolchildren-2024

  This report presents the results of the seventh National Dental Epidemiology Programme oral health survey of 5 year old schoolchildren in England in 2024. The data was collected during the 2023 to 2024 school year. This data is the source for the dental indicator (percentage of 5 year olds with visually obvious dentinal decay) included in the Public Health Outcomes Framework. […] In this survey of 5 year olds in England, the national prevalence of children with enamel and/or dentinal decay was 26.9%. Regionally, this ranged from 23.3% in the East of England to 36.8% in the North West. […] Overall, 22.4% of 5 year old schoolchildren in England in this survey had experienced dentinal decay in their primary dentition. […] There had been a decrease in the prevalence of experience of dentinal decay in 5 year old schoolchildren from 30.9% in 2008 to 23.3% in 2017, but there had been no continuation of this improvement in 2019 nor 2022. However, there has been a small decrease in this latest survey from 23.7% in 2022 to 22.4% in 2024.

• #30

  https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/oral-health-survey-of-5-year-old-schoolchildren-2024/national-dental-epidemiology-programme-ndep-for-england-oral-health-survey-of-5-year-old-schoolchildren-2024

  This report presents the results of the seventh National Dental Epidemiology Programme oral health survey of 5 year old schoolchildren in England in 2024. The data was collected during the 2023 to 2024 school year. This data is the source for the dental indicator (percentage of 5 year olds with visually obvious dentinal decay) included in the Public Health Outcomes Framework. […] In this survey of 5 year olds in England, the national prevalence of children with enamel and/or dentinal decay was 26.9%. Regionally, this ranged from 23.3% in the East of England to 36.8% in the North West. […] Overall, 22.4% of 5 year old schoolchildren in England in this survey had experienced dentinal decay in their primary dentition. […] There had been a decrease in the prevalence of experience of dentinal decay in 5 year old schoolchildren from 30.9% in 2008 to 23.3% in 2017, but there had been no continuation of this improvement in 2019 nor 2022. However, there has been a small decrease in this latest survey from 23.7% in 2022 to 22.4% in 2024.

• #31

  https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/oral-health-survey-of-5-year-old-schoolchildren-2024/national-dental-epidemiology-programme-ndep-for-england-oral-health-survey-of-5-year-old-schoolchildren-2024

  Poor oral health impacts on children and families. It affects childrens ability to eat, smile and socialise and causes pain and infection with days missed at school, and parents work, to attend a dental service to receive care. Dental decay is largely a preventable disease. […] The cause of dental decay is well understood and is related to eating and drinking sugary food and drinks. Hence the majority of dental decay is preventable. […] The care index in England was 10.5%. […] In England, 1.8% of 5 year old schoolchildren had a decayed tooth extracted. […] Inequalities in oral health in England have previously been highlighted as a public health problem. In 2023 to 2024 5 year old schoolchildren living in areas categorised as the most deprived fifth of the country were more than twice as likely to have experienced dentinal decay (32.2%) as those in the least deprived fifth of the country (13.6%).

• #32

  https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/oral-health-survey-of-5-year-old-schoolchildren-2024/national-dental-epidemiology-programme-ndep-for-england-oral-health-survey-of-5-year-old-schoolchildren-2024

  The prevalence of experience of dentinal decay in 5 year old schoolchildren varied by ethnic group and was significantly higher in the Other ethnic group (45.4%) and the Asian or Asian British ethnic group (37.7%) than for other ethnic groups. […] The prevalence of experience of dentinal decay of incisor teeth was 6.0% in England and varied by region. […] The pufa index reports on the clinical consequences of advanced dental decay. In this survey 1.8% of 5 year old schoolchildren had one or more pufa signs relating to their primary teeth. […] The presence of dental plaque is a consequence of poor oral hygiene and provides a proxy measure of children whose teeth are brushed poorly or rarely. Plaque was recorded in 22.1% of 5 year old schoolchildren. […] Nationally there has been a reduction in the prevalence in experience of dentinal decay of 5 year old schoolchildren from 2022 to 2024 (23.7% and 22.4% respectively), but there was no significant change in the severity of experience of dentinal decay in all children (0.8 and 0.8) and severity of experience of dentinal decay in those children with any decay experience (3.5 and 3.5 teeth).

• #33

  https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/oral-health-survey-of-5-year-old-schoolchildren-2024/national-dental-epidemiology-programme-ndep-for-england-oral-health-survey-of-5-year-old-schoolchildren-2024

  This report presents the results of the seventh National Dental Epidemiology Programme oral health survey of 5 year old schoolchildren in England in 2024. The data was collected during the 2023 to 2024 school year. This data is the source for the dental indicator (percentage of 5 year olds with visually obvious dentinal decay) included in the Public Health Outcomes Framework. […] In this survey of 5 year olds in England, the national prevalence of children with enamel and/or dentinal decay was 26.9%. Regionally, this ranged from 23.3% in the East of England to 36.8% in the North West. […] Overall, 22.4% of 5 year old schoolchildren in England in this survey had experienced dentinal decay in their primary dentition. […] There had been a decrease in the prevalence of experience of dentinal decay in 5 year old schoolchildren from 30.9% in 2008 to 23.3% in 2017, but there had been no continuation of this improvement in 2019 nor 2022. However, there has been a small decrease in this latest survey from 23.7% in 2022 to 22.4% in 2024.

• #34 National dental inspection programme 2022/2023 – National dental inspection programme – Publications – Public Health Scotland

  https://publichealthscotland.scot/publications/national-dental-inspection-programme/national-dental-inspection-programme-20222023/

  More than four out of five Primary 7 children (81.9%) who received a detailed inspection in 2023 had no obvious decay experience in their permanent teeth. This is a large improvement since 2005 (52.9%). […] The average number of teeth reported to be affected by obvious decay experience in 2023 was 0.36. This is less than a third of the average number of teeth affected in 2005 (1.29). In those children with obvious decay experience, the mean number of teeth affected was 2.01, a reduction from 2.73 in 2005. […] There has been an improvement in the inequality metrics, but dental health inequalities persist. Only 71.9% (49.9% in 2009) of P7 children living in the most deprived quintile have no obvious decay experience compared to 88.0% (76.2% in 2009) living in the least deprived quintile.

• #35 News & Publications – Oral Health – Division of Disease Prevention – Maine CDC: DHHS Maine

  https://www.maine.gov/dhhs/mecdc/population-health/odh/news.shtml

  The CDC Division of Oral Health has released a new surveillance report, Trends in Dental Caries and Sealants, Tooth Retention, and Edentulism, United States, 1999-2004 to 2011-2016. This new report uses data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and provides national estimates for selected oral health measures during 2011-2016, examines changes since 1999-2004, and highlights disparities in oral health by certain sociodemographic characteristics. […] Measures include the prevalence and severity of dental caries, prevalence of dental sealants in children and adolescents, and tooth retention and edentulism among adults and older adults. […] Key takeaways: Prevalence of untreated tooth decay in young children has dropped from 21% to 10%; Sealant prevalence increased by 35% among children; Some groups of adults were more than 2x more likely to have untreated tooth decay; and Total tooth loss decreased in adults over 65, but people who currently smoke cigarettes are 3x more likely to lose all of their teeth than people who don’t smoke.

• #36 Priority Area: Healthy Mothers, Healthy Babies, Healthy Children – Dental Caries Disease among New York State’s Children

  https://www.health.ny.gov/prevention/prevention_agenda/healthy_mothers/dental_health.htm

  Among children, the prevalence of tooth decay (dental caries disease) in primary teeth is high. Many children continue to suffer unnecessarily from untreated tooth decay. Nationally, 28% of children ages two to five years have already experienced tooth decay. […] Despite overall improvements in oral health across age groups, a slight increase in dental caries among children ages two to five years was observed in the last national survey. […] Surveys also show that disparities are apparent with respect to poverty, race and ethnicity. Those at high risk tend to be minority children, the poor, older people, the chronically ill, and those who are institutionalized. Among 3rd grade children in NYS, 60% of those in low-income families and 48% in high-income families had tooth decay. […] In a recent survey of children enrolled in Early Head Start and Head Start Programs in NYS, 41% were found to have early childhood caries with over 7 in 10 still having untreated decay.

• #37 Tooth decay among five-year-olds continues decline | BDJ Team

  https://www.nature.com/articles/bdjteam201696

  The number of five-year-olds suffering from tooth decay has dropped to its lowest level in almost a decade, according to the latest oral health survey published by Public Health England (PHE). Less than 25% of the cohort suffers from tooth decay, a 20% drop since 2008. […] This continues the downward trend seen since 2008, the first oral health survey of five-year-olds asking parents to opt-in. In 2008 31% of five-year-olds suffered tooth decay; in 2012 it was 27%. The pattern of dental health improvement among the age group shows the impact parents and carers can have in establishing good dental care habits from an early age. […] There is still a great deal of regional variation. In the North West, a third (33.4%) of five-year-olds suffer from tooth decay, whereas only a fifth (20.1%) do in the in the South East. As with the two previous surveys, areas with higher levels of deprivation tend to have higher levels of tooth decay.

• #38 Dental Caries in Adults (Age 20 to 64) | Data & Statistics | National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research

  https://www.nidcr.nih.gov/research/data-statistics/dental-caries/adults

  Dental caries, both treated and untreated, in the permanent teeth of all adults ages 20 to 64 years declined from the early 1970s until the most recent (20112016) National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The decrease was significant in all population subgroups. In spite of this decline, significant disparities are still found in some population groups. […] Nearly 90% of adults ages 20 to 64 years have had decay in their teeth, a percentage that has not changed significantly between the 19992004 and 20112016 NHANES cycles. […] 1 in 4 adults ages 20 to 64 years have had untreated decay in both NHANES cycles. […] Black and Mexican American subgroups and those with lower incomes and less education had more untreated decay compared to their counterparts. […] There was a significant decrease in the severity of tooth decay (DMFT) for nearly all adults of all ages between the two NHANES cycles.

• #39

  https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/oral-health-survey-of-5-year-old-schoolchildren-2024/national-dental-epidemiology-programme-ndep-for-england-oral-health-survey-of-5-year-old-schoolchildren-2024

  Poor oral health impacts on children and families. It affects childrens ability to eat, smile and socialise and causes pain and infection with days missed at school, and parents work, to attend a dental service to receive care. Dental decay is largely a preventable disease. […] The cause of dental decay is well understood and is related to eating and drinking sugary food and drinks. Hence the majority of dental decay is preventable. […] The care index in England was 10.5%. […] In England, 1.8% of 5 year old schoolchildren had a decayed tooth extracted. […] Inequalities in oral health in England have previously been highlighted as a public health problem. In 2023 to 2024 5 year old schoolchildren living in areas categorised as the most deprived fifth of the country were more than twice as likely to have experienced dentinal decay (32.2%) as those in the least deprived fifth of the country (13.6%).

• #40 Related Indicators

  https://ibis.utah.gov/ibisph-view/indicator/complete_profile/UntDenDecChi6_8.html

  Percentage of 6- to 9-year-old children with untreated dental caries. […] The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says about 1 of 5 (20%) children aged 5 to 11 years have at least one untreated decayed tooth. […] Untreated dental caries is an important indicator of adequate and timely access to dental care. […] Of the first through fourth grade students screened in Utah in 2015, 19.1% had obvious untreated decay. […] Medicaid and CHIP serve low income children; however, access remains a barrier to treatment. […] Individuals without dental insurance coverage have more untreated decay and were twice as likely to report that they could not access needed dental treatment during the past year. […] Dental disease affects children from poor families five times as much as children from higher income families. […] Minority ethnic populations have a higher incidence of caries experience and untreated caries but a lower rate of sealant placement. […] Oral disease has been linked to several other chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease and diabetes.

• #41 Related Indicators

  https://ibis.utah.gov/ibisph-view/indicator/complete_profile/UntDenDecChi6_8.html

  Percentage of 6- to 9-year-old children with untreated dental caries. […] The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says about 1 of 5 (20%) children aged 5 to 11 years have at least one untreated decayed tooth. […] Untreated dental caries is an important indicator of adequate and timely access to dental care. […] Of the first through fourth grade students screened in Utah in 2015, 19.1% had obvious untreated decay. […] Medicaid and CHIP serve low income children; however, access remains a barrier to treatment. […] Individuals without dental insurance coverage have more untreated decay and were twice as likely to report that they could not access needed dental treatment during the past year. […] Dental disease affects children from poor families five times as much as children from higher income families. […] Minority ethnic populations have a higher incidence of caries experience and untreated caries but a lower rate of sealant placement. […] Oral disease has been linked to several other chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease and diabetes.

• #42

  https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/oral-health-survey-of-5-year-old-children-2022/national-dental-epidemiology-programme-ndep-for-england-oral-health-survey-of-5-year-old-children-2022

  In 2021 to 2022 5 year olds in the most deprived 20% of areas of the country (35.1%) were 2.5 times as likely to have experience of dentinal decay as those in the least deprived 20% of areas (13.5%). […] The prevalence of experience of dentinal decay in 5 year olds varied by ethnic group and was significantly higher in the other ethnic group (44.8%) and the Asian or Asian British ethnic group (37.7%) than for other groups. […] The prevalence of experience of dentinal decay of incisor teeth was 6.6% in England and varied by region. […] The pufa index measures the clinical consequences of advanced decay. In the survey 2.0% of 5 year olds had one or more pufa signs. […] The presence of dental plaque is a consequence of poor oral hygiene and provides a proxy measure of children whose teeth are brushed poorly or rarely.

• #43 National dental inspection programme 2022/2023 – National dental inspection programme – Publications – Public Health Scotland

  https://publichealthscotland.scot/publications/national-dental-inspection-programme/national-dental-inspection-programme-20222023/

  More than four out of five Primary 7 children (81.9%) who received a detailed inspection in 2023 had no obvious decay experience in their permanent teeth. This is a large improvement since 2005 (52.9%). […] The average number of teeth reported to be affected by obvious decay experience in 2023 was 0.36. This is less than a third of the average number of teeth affected in 2005 (1.29). In those children with obvious decay experience, the mean number of teeth affected was 2.01, a reduction from 2.73 in 2005. […] There has been an improvement in the inequality metrics, but dental health inequalities persist. Only 71.9% (49.9% in 2009) of P7 children living in the most deprived quintile have no obvious decay experience compared to 88.0% (76.2% in 2009) living in the least deprived quintile.

• #44 Epidemiology of dental root caries: a review of risk factors – Zhang – Frontiers of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine

  https://fomm.amegroups.org/article/view/37409/html

  Root surface caries is a common disease among the older adults worldwide. […] This paper reports on two recent systematic reviews which were conducted to identify the risk factors of root caries, one on risk indicators and one on risk predictors, and to describe their relationship with the prevalence and incidence of root caries. […] Epidemiological studies conducted on general populations and investigated at least one risk factor of root caries were included in the systematic reviews. […] There were positive correlations between dental root caries and age, past root caries experience, exposure of root surfaces and use of tobacco. […] Negative correlations with socio-economic status and oral hygiene were found. […] Higher risk of having or developing new root caries were found among the older adults, people with lower socio-economic status, tobacco users, and those with greater root caries experience, more gingival recession and more dental plaque.

• #45 Epidemiology of dental root caries: a review of risk factors – Zhang – Frontiers of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine

  https://fomm.amegroups.org/article/view/37409/html

  Root surface caries is a common disease among the older adults worldwide. […] This paper reports on two recent systematic reviews which were conducted to identify the risk factors of root caries, one on risk indicators and one on risk predictors, and to describe their relationship with the prevalence and incidence of root caries. […] Epidemiological studies conducted on general populations and investigated at least one risk factor of root caries were included in the systematic reviews. […] There were positive correlations between dental root caries and age, past root caries experience, exposure of root surfaces and use of tobacco. […] Negative correlations with socio-economic status and oral hygiene were found. […] Higher risk of having or developing new root caries were found among the older adults, people with lower socio-economic status, tobacco users, and those with greater root caries experience, more gingival recession and more dental plaque.

• #46 Epidemiology of dental root caries: a review of risk factors – Zhang – Frontiers of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine

  https://fomm.amegroups.org/article/view/37409/html

  Root surface caries is a common disease among the older adults worldwide. […] This paper reports on two recent systematic reviews which were conducted to identify the risk factors of root caries, one on risk indicators and one on risk predictors, and to describe their relationship with the prevalence and incidence of root caries. […] Epidemiological studies conducted on general populations and investigated at least one risk factor of root caries were included in the systematic reviews. […] There were positive correlations between dental root caries and age, past root caries experience, exposure of root surfaces and use of tobacco. […] Negative correlations with socio-economic status and oral hygiene were found. […] Higher risk of having or developing new root caries were found among the older adults, people with lower socio-economic status, tobacco users, and those with greater root caries experience, more gingival recession and more dental plaque.

• #47 Epidemiology of dental root caries: a review of risk factors – Zhang – Frontiers of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine

  https://fomm.amegroups.org/article/view/37409/html

  Root surface caries is a common disease among the older adults worldwide. […] This paper reports on two recent systematic reviews which were conducted to identify the risk factors of root caries, one on risk indicators and one on risk predictors, and to describe their relationship with the prevalence and incidence of root caries. […] Epidemiological studies conducted on general populations and investigated at least one risk factor of root caries were included in the systematic reviews. […] There were positive correlations between dental root caries and age, past root caries experience, exposure of root surfaces and use of tobacco. […] Negative correlations with socio-economic status and oral hygiene were found. […] Higher risk of having or developing new root caries were found among the older adults, people with lower socio-economic status, tobacco users, and those with greater root caries experience, more gingival recession and more dental plaque.

• #48 Tooth decay – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tooth_decay

  Worldwide, approximately 3.6 billion people have dental caries in their permanent teeth. In baby teeth it affects about 620 million people or 9% of the population. The disease is most common in Latin American countries, countries in the Middle East, and South Asia, and least prevalent in China. In the United States, dental caries is the most common chronic childhood disease, being at least five times more common than asthma. It is the primary pathological cause of tooth loss in children. Between 29% and 59% of adults over the age of 50 experience caries. […] Treating dental cavities costs 5-10% of health-care budgets in industrialized countries, and can easily exceed budgets in lower-income countries. […] The number of cases has decreased in some developed countries, and this decline is usually attributed to increasingly better oral hygiene practices and preventive measures such as fluoride treatment. Nonetheless, countries that have experienced an overall decrease in cases of tooth decay continue to have a disparity in the distribution of the disease. Among children in the United States and Europe, twenty percent of the population endures sixty to eighty percent of cases of dental caries. A similarly skewed distribution of the disease is found throughout the world with some children having none or very few caries and others having a high number.

• #49 Epidemiology and Etiology of Caries and Periodontal Disease in a US Population | A String around Your Finger: Do We Really Need to Floss? | Continuing Education Course on dentalcare.com

  https://www.dentalcare.com/en-us/ce-courses/ce691/epidemiology-and-etiology-of-caries-and-periodontal-disease-in-a-us

  It has been reported that dental caries result in 5 million restricted activity days, more than 1.6 million days in bed, and more than 1.7 million missed school days in children under 18 years old. […] Additionally, children with poor oral health demonstrated higher levels of dental pain and lower scholastic performance than children with higher levels of oral wellness. […] It is also well-established that disability due to dental caries is not limited to children. […] In fact, a recent survey reported that US adults miss more than 243 million hours of work productivity annually due to oral health problems and that such lost productivity results in a loss of $45 Billion each year. […] The impact of this lost time and its impact on decreased worker productivity, impacted scholastic achievement, and emotional well-being highlights the critical importance of professional dental care and adequately delivered oral hygiene and home care for the management and prevention of dental caries.

• #50 Epidemiology and Etiology of Caries and Periodontal Disease in a US Population | A String around Your Finger: Do We Really Need to Floss? | Continuing Education Course on dentalcare.com

  https://www.dentalcare.com/en-us/ce-courses/ce691/epidemiology-and-etiology-of-caries-and-periodontal-disease-in-a-us

  It has been reported that dental caries result in 5 million restricted activity days, more than 1.6 million days in bed, and more than 1.7 million missed school days in children under 18 years old. […] Additionally, children with poor oral health demonstrated higher levels of dental pain and lower scholastic performance than children with higher levels of oral wellness. […] It is also well-established that disability due to dental caries is not limited to children. […] In fact, a recent survey reported that US adults miss more than 243 million hours of work productivity annually due to oral health problems and that such lost productivity results in a loss of $45 Billion each year. […] The impact of this lost time and its impact on decreased worker productivity, impacted scholastic achievement, and emotional well-being highlights the critical importance of professional dental care and adequately delivered oral hygiene and home care for the management and prevention of dental caries.

• #51 Priority Area: Healthy Mothers, Healthy Babies, Healthy Children – Dental Caries Disease among New York State’s Children

  https://www.health.ny.gov/prevention/prevention_agenda/healthy_mothers/dental_health.htm

  About 94% of Medicaid-eligible children in NYS under 3 years of age, and 62% of those between 3 and 5 years of age, did not receive any dental care during 2009. […] In 2008, approximately 4,700 children ages 3-5 years were treated for tooth decay in emergency departments and ambulatory surgery settings in New York State. […] According to the Surgeon General, children with oral disease miss over 51 million hours of school each year. […] The longer the delay in the treatment of dental disease, the more extensive and costly it becomes. […] Many children and adults who are Medicaid-eligible are unable to access needed care and treatment. […] The cost of this treatment is approximately $4,500 per child. […] The cost of two fluoride varnish applications, a preventive strategy to control early childhood caries, is approximately $60 per year per child under the New York State Medicaid Program.

• #52 Priority Area: Healthy Mothers, Healthy Babies, Healthy Children – Dental Caries Disease among New York State’s Children

  https://www.health.ny.gov/prevention/prevention_agenda/healthy_mothers/dental_health.htm

  About 94% of Medicaid-eligible children in NYS under 3 years of age, and 62% of those between 3 and 5 years of age, did not receive any dental care during 2009. […] In 2008, approximately 4,700 children ages 3-5 years were treated for tooth decay in emergency departments and ambulatory surgery settings in New York State. […] According to the Surgeon General, children with oral disease miss over 51 million hours of school each year. […] The longer the delay in the treatment of dental disease, the more extensive and costly it becomes. […] Many children and adults who are Medicaid-eligible are unable to access needed care and treatment. […] The cost of this treatment is approximately $4,500 per child. […] The cost of two fluoride varnish applications, a preventive strategy to control early childhood caries, is approximately $60 per year per child under the New York State Medicaid Program.

• #53 Priority Area: Healthy Mothers, Healthy Babies, Healthy Children – Dental Caries Disease among New York State’s Children

  https://www.health.ny.gov/prevention/prevention_agenda/healthy_mothers/dental_health.htm

  About 94% of Medicaid-eligible children in NYS under 3 years of age, and 62% of those between 3 and 5 years of age, did not receive any dental care during 2009. […] In 2008, approximately 4,700 children ages 3-5 years were treated for tooth decay in emergency departments and ambulatory surgery settings in New York State. […] According to the Surgeon General, children with oral disease miss over 51 million hours of school each year. […] The longer the delay in the treatment of dental disease, the more extensive and costly it becomes. […] Many children and adults who are Medicaid-eligible are unable to access needed care and treatment. […] The cost of this treatment is approximately $4,500 per child. […] The cost of two fluoride varnish applications, a preventive strategy to control early childhood caries, is approximately $60 per year per child under the New York State Medicaid Program.

• #54 Dental Caries Overview | Data & Statistics | National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research

  https://www.nidcr.nih.gov/research/data-statistics/dental-caries

  Dental caries (tooth decay) remains the most prevalent chronic disease in both children and adults, even though it is largely preventable. […] Although caries has significantly decreased for most Americans over the past five decades, disparities remain among some population groups. […] The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) has been an important source of information on oral health and dental care in the United States since the early 1970s.

• #55 CDC Releases Dental Caries Surveillance Report | Pennsylvania Office of Rural Health

  https://www.porh.psu.edu/cdc-releases-dental-caries-surveillance-report/

  The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) released a new report, the 2024 Oral Health Surveillance Report: Dental Caries, Tooth Retention, and Edentulism, United States, 2018-March 2020. […] This report used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey to provide national estimates for the prevalence and severity of dental caries in primary and permanent teeth for individuals 2 years or older and for tooth retention in adults age 20 years or older. […] Among the findings, the report found that half of children ages 6 to 9 have had cavities in their primary or permanent teeth. […] More than 1 in 7 adults ages 65 and older have lost all of their teeth.

• #56 CDC Releases Dental Caries Surveillance Report | Pennsylvania Office of Rural Health

  https://www.porh.psu.edu/cdc-releases-dental-caries-surveillance-report/

  The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) released a new report, the 2024 Oral Health Surveillance Report: Dental Caries, Tooth Retention, and Edentulism, United States, 2018-March 2020. […] This report used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey to provide national estimates for the prevalence and severity of dental caries in primary and permanent teeth for individuals 2 years or older and for tooth retention in adults age 20 years or older. […] Among the findings, the report found that half of children ages 6 to 9 have had cavities in their primary or permanent teeth. […] More than 1 in 7 adults ages 65 and older have lost all of their teeth.

• #57

  https://www.oregon.gov/oha/ph/preventionwellness/oralhealth/pages/surveillance.aspx

  The Oregon Oral Health Surveillance System Report is a compilation of data designed to inform policy and program development by providing an overview of health outcomes, behaviors and capacity related to oral health. […] Cavities in children and adolescents are preventable and treatable, however, 14.2% of children in 2020 had one or more oral health problems in the past year (toothache, decayed teeth, unfilled cavities). […] Since 2002, the percentage of children ages 6-9 with dental decay (including cavities, untreated decay, and rampant decay) has decreased across the board. […] More children in Oregon are covered by Medicaid and have dental coverage, but accessing dental care remains a challenge. Many dental clinics do not accept Medicaid covered patients. […] Community Water Fluoridation is an essential part of oral health infrastructure, however, Oregon has fewer water sources treated with fluoride than any other state. Only 22.5% of Oregonians had access to fluoridated water in 2020.

• #58 Oral Health Data | Florida Department of Health

  https://www.floridahealth.gov/programs-and-services/community-health/dental-health/reports/

  The Public Health Dental Program collects and analyzes statewide and county data on the oral health status and access to dental services of Florida’s residents. […] The Public Health Dental Program has conducted several basic screening surveys among various populations to monitor oral health status, risk factors, and access to dental services. […] The Public Health Dental Program has developed a biennial workforce survey for Florida’s dentists and dental hygienists to obtain information concerning the dental workforce and its changing landscape which would better inform health care policymakers and shape oral healthcare policy development. […] Association of State and Territorial Dental Directors contains many resources on oral health data and surveillance. […] Oral Health Data contains state level data for select indicators from the National Oral Health Surveillance System.

• #59 What’s New

  https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CCDPHP/DCDIC/CDCB/Pages/OralHealthProgram/DataStatistics.aspx

  California Oral Health Surveillance Plan- 20192023 (PDF): The California Oral Health Surveillance Plan 20192023 (CA OH Surveillance Plan) describes the development and implementation of Californias first oral health surveillance system. It is responsive to the California Oral Health Plan 2018-2028 and Healthy People 2020 Oral Health Objective 16 – Increase the number of States and the District of Columbia that have an oral and craniofacial health surveillance system. […] California 2019 3rd Grade Smile Survey (PDF) In 20182019, the CDPH conducted an assessment of tooth decay in third grade children across the state, the first statewide assessment of tooth decay in children since 20042005. It was completed in partnership with the California Department of Education and the LA CDPH. This assessment found that 61% of third grade children in California have had tooth decay. This document reports the results of this assessment, documents disparities present in tooth decay, and presents the programs and activities CDPH is working on to address tooth decay in California.

• #60 Oral Health Data

  https://dph.illinois.gov/topics-services/prevention-wellness/oral-health/oral-health-data.html

  Division of Oral Health is placing a priority on a state-based oral health surveillance system. […] Surveillance is the ongoing, systematic collection, analysis, interpretation, and dissemination of data regarding a health-related event for use in public health action to reduce morbidity and mortality, and to improve health. […] Three key aspects of a surveillance system highlight its importance: data collection, timely dissemination of findings, and putting data to action. […] Data disseminated by a public health surveillance system can be used for immediate public health action, program planning and evaluation, and formulating research hypotheses. […] Surveillance data can be a valuable tool to help target scarce resources, show progress of stated objectives and is a key public health assessment activity.

• #61 Oral Health Surveillance Plan 2021-2025

  https://dph.illinois.gov/topics-services/prevention-wellness/oral-health/oral-health-plans/oral-health-surveillance-plan-2021-2025.html

  The goal of the surveillance system is to monitor state-specific, populationbased oral disease burden and trends, measure changes in program capacity and community water fluoridation quality. […] According to the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (CSTE), a state oral health surveillance system (OHSS) should provide information necessary for public health decision making by routinely collecting data on oral health outcomes, access to care, risk factors and intervention strategies for the whole population, representative samples of the population, or priority subpopulations. […] Oral health surveillance system is needed to identify population needs, protect and promote population-wide oral health, and monitor the impact of those efforts.

• #62

  https://www.who.int/data/gho/indicator-metadata-registry/imr-details/3812

  Data type: Count (Indices) Topic: Burden of disease Rationale: This indicator belongs to a set of indicators whose purpose is to measure the dental caries situation/status. […] The Global Burden of Disease Study estimated that oral diseases affected at least 3.58 billion people worldwide in 2016, ranking first for dental caries (decay) of permanent teeth (2.4 billion people) and 17th for dental caries of deciduous teeth (486 million children). […] CAPP presents country oral diseases surveillance, which are based on national oral health surveys, annual publications from national health bulletins, and data retrieved from PubMed, Google and personal communications. […] Commonly used search words for PubMed and other sources are caries epidemiology, caries prevalence and oral health. […] WHO suggests that clinical oral health surveys should be conducted regularly every five to six years in the same community or setting. […] Generally national surveys are recommended to be conducted about every 5 to 6 years.

• #63

  https://www.who.int/data/gho/indicator-metadata-registry/imr-details/3812

  Data type: Count (Indices) Topic: Burden of disease Rationale: This indicator belongs to a set of indicators whose purpose is to measure the dental caries situation/status. […] The Global Burden of Disease Study estimated that oral diseases affected at least 3.58 billion people worldwide in 2016, ranking first for dental caries (decay) of permanent teeth (2.4 billion people) and 17th for dental caries of deciduous teeth (486 million children). […] CAPP presents country oral diseases surveillance, which are based on national oral health surveys, annual publications from national health bulletins, and data retrieved from PubMed, Google and personal communications. […] Commonly used search words for PubMed and other sources are caries epidemiology, caries prevalence and oral health. […] WHO suggests that clinical oral health surveys should be conducted regularly every five to six years in the same community or setting. […] Generally national surveys are recommended to be conducted about every 5 to 6 years.

• #64

  https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/oral-health-survey-of-5-year-old-schoolchildren-2024/national-dental-epidemiology-programme-ndep-for-england-oral-health-survey-of-5-year-old-schoolchildren-2024

  This report presents the results of the seventh National Dental Epidemiology Programme oral health survey of 5 year old schoolchildren in England in 2024. The data was collected during the 2023 to 2024 school year. This data is the source for the dental indicator (percentage of 5 year olds with visually obvious dentinal decay) included in the Public Health Outcomes Framework. […] In this survey of 5 year olds in England, the national prevalence of children with enamel and/or dentinal decay was 26.9%. Regionally, this ranged from 23.3% in the East of England to 36.8% in the North West. […] Overall, 22.4% of 5 year old schoolchildren in England in this survey had experienced dentinal decay in their primary dentition. […] There had been a decrease in the prevalence of experience of dentinal decay in 5 year old schoolchildren from 30.9% in 2008 to 23.3% in 2017, but there had been no continuation of this improvement in 2019 nor 2022. However, there has been a small decrease in this latest survey from 23.7% in 2022 to 22.4% in 2024.

• #65

  https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/oral-health-survey-of-5-year-old-schoolchildren-2024/national-dental-epidemiology-programme-ndep-for-england-oral-health-survey-of-5-year-old-schoolchildren-2024

  This report presents the results of the seventh National Dental Epidemiology Programme oral health survey of 5 year old schoolchildren in England in 2024. The data was collected during the 2023 to 2024 school year. This data is the source for the dental indicator (percentage of 5 year olds with visually obvious dentinal decay) included in the Public Health Outcomes Framework. […] In this survey of 5 year olds in England, the national prevalence of children with enamel and/or dentinal decay was 26.9%. Regionally, this ranged from 23.3% in the East of England to 36.8% in the North West. […] Overall, 22.4% of 5 year old schoolchildren in England in this survey had experienced dentinal decay in their primary dentition. […] There had been a decrease in the prevalence of experience of dentinal decay in 5 year old schoolchildren from 30.9% in 2008 to 23.3% in 2017, but there had been no continuation of this improvement in 2019 nor 2022. However, there has been a small decrease in this latest survey from 23.7% in 2022 to 22.4% in 2024.

• #66 National dental inspection programme 2022/2023 – National dental inspection programme – Publications – Public Health Scotland

  https://publichealthscotland.scot/publications/national-dental-inspection-programme/national-dental-inspection-programme-20222023/

  More than four out of five Primary 7 children (81.9%) who received a detailed inspection in 2023 had no obvious decay experience in their permanent teeth. This is a large improvement since 2005 (52.9%). […] The average number of teeth reported to be affected by obvious decay experience in 2023 was 0.36. This is less than a third of the average number of teeth affected in 2005 (1.29). In those children with obvious decay experience, the mean number of teeth affected was 2.01, a reduction from 2.73 in 2005. […] There has been an improvement in the inequality metrics, but dental health inequalities persist. Only 71.9% (49.9% in 2009) of P7 children living in the most deprived quintile have no obvious decay experience compared to 88.0% (76.2% in 2009) living in the least deprived quintile.

• #67 Oral Health Data

  https://dph.illinois.gov/topics-services/prevention-wellness/oral-health/oral-health-data.html

  Division of Oral Health is placing a priority on a state-based oral health surveillance system. […] Surveillance is the ongoing, systematic collection, analysis, interpretation, and dissemination of data regarding a health-related event for use in public health action to reduce morbidity and mortality, and to improve health. […] Three key aspects of a surveillance system highlight its importance: data collection, timely dissemination of findings, and putting data to action. […] Data disseminated by a public health surveillance system can be used for immediate public health action, program planning and evaluation, and formulating research hypotheses. […] Surveillance data can be a valuable tool to help target scarce resources, show progress of stated objectives and is a key public health assessment activity.

• #68 Oral Health Data

  https://dph.illinois.gov/topics-services/prevention-wellness/oral-health/oral-health-data.html

  Division of Oral Health is placing a priority on a state-based oral health surveillance system. […] Surveillance is the ongoing, systematic collection, analysis, interpretation, and dissemination of data regarding a health-related event for use in public health action to reduce morbidity and mortality, and to improve health. […] Three key aspects of a surveillance system highlight its importance: data collection, timely dissemination of findings, and putting data to action. […] Data disseminated by a public health surveillance system can be used for immediate public health action, program planning and evaluation, and formulating research hypotheses. […] Surveillance data can be a valuable tool to help target scarce resources, show progress of stated objectives and is a key public health assessment activity.

• #69 Oral Health Surveillance Plan 2021-2025

  https://dph.illinois.gov/topics-services/prevention-wellness/oral-health/oral-health-plans/oral-health-surveillance-plan-2021-2025.html

  The goal of the surveillance system is to monitor state-specific, populationbased oral disease burden and trends, measure changes in program capacity and community water fluoridation quality. […] According to the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (CSTE), a state oral health surveillance system (OHSS) should provide information necessary for public health decision making by routinely collecting data on oral health outcomes, access to care, risk factors and intervention strategies for the whole population, representative samples of the population, or priority subpopulations. […] Oral health surveillance system is needed to identify population needs, protect and promote population-wide oral health, and monitor the impact of those efforts.

• #70

  https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/oral-health-survey-of-5-year-old-children-2022/national-dental-epidemiology-programme-ndep-for-england-oral-health-survey-of-5-year-old-children-2022

  The oral health of 5 year olds did not change significantly from 2019 to 2022 in terms of prevalence (23.4% and 23.7% respectively), severity of experience of dentinal decay in all children (0.8 and 0.8) and severity of experience of dentinal decay in those children with any decay experience (3.4 and 3.5 teeth). […] The care index had worsened from 10.3% to 7.4%. […] The strong link between dental decay and deprivation is well established. […] Data from this survey will be used to update the dental indicator (percentage of 5 year olds with visually obvious dentinal decay) in the Public Health Outcomes Framework.

• #71 Survey finds dental decay in KY kids higher than national average

  https://www.lex18.com/news/covering-kentucky/survey-finds-dental-decay-in-kentucky-kids-higher-than-national-average

  Informal reports from Kentucky dentists pointed to growing dental decay numbers among Kentucky kids since the COVID-19 pandemic. Through a recent state-funded survey, the University of Kentucky College of Dentistry found data to back up these claims. For the first time since 2001, the College of Dentistry partnered with the Kentucky Department of Public Health in the 2023 Kentucky Early Learners Oral Health Surveillance Project. The survey found that the dental decay rate for all kids across Kentucky ages two through five is 35%. That compares to a 23% national average. The study split Kentucky into eight regions, showing the highest decay rates in eastern and south-central Kentucky. Along with these planned focus groups, data from this survey has given dental and health leaders across Kentucky a foundation to begin building better dental health habits. Dental decay is completely preventable, and its not hard to prevent it, and its not expensive to prevent it.

• #72

  https://ibis.utah.gov/epht-view/indicator/view/DenCarExpChi6_8.html

  Tooth decay (dental caries) is ””’largely preventable””’, but it remains the ””’most common chronic disease of children””’ aged 6 to 11 years, and adolescents aged 12 to 19 years. ””’Tooth decay is four times more common than asthma””’ among adolescents aged 14 to 17 years. By first grade most children have already experienced dental disease, and by second grade one fifth have obvious untreated decay. Utah continues to lag behind the U.S. in the percentage of caries-free children. Utah children have more cavities in part because of the lack of fluoridation in Utah community water systems. Community water fluoridation has been implemented in Salt Lake and Davis counties. It is also being implemented in Brigham City and Helper communities. Healthy People Objective: Reduce the proportion of children aged 6 to 9 years with dental caries experience in their primary and permanent teeth.

• #73

  https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/oral-health

  Untreated dental caries (tooth decay) in permanent teeth is the most common health condition according to the Global Burden of Disease 2021. […] Most cases are dental caries (tooth decay), periodontal diseases, tooth loss and oral cancers. […] A continued high intake of free sugars, inadequate exposure to fluoride and a lack of removal of plaque by toothbrushing can lead to caries, pain and sometimes tooth loss and infection. […] There is also a causal link between the high consumption of sugar and diabetes, obesity and dental caries. […] The burden of oral diseases and other noncommunicable diseases can be reduced through public health interventions by addressing common risk factors. […] Adequate exposure to fluoride is an essential factor in the prevention of dental caries.

• #74 Fluoride: Risks, uses, and side effects

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/154164

  Water authorities add fluoride to the municipal water supply, because studies have shown that adding it in areas where fluoride levels in the water are low can reduce the prevalence of tooth decay in the local population. […] Fluoride is present in natural water. Adding fluoride, says the ADA, is like fortifying milk with vitamin D, orange juice with calcium, or cereals with B vitamins and folic acid. […] Studies continue to show that adding fluoride to water supports dental health. […] A Cochrane review published in 2015 found that when fluoride was introduced to water: Children had 35 percent fewer decayed, missing, or filled baby teeth. […] The American Dental Association (ADA) says fluoride in water benefits communities because it reduces tooth decay by 20 to 40 percent. […] Most public health authorities and medical associations worldwide recommend that children and adults receive some fluoride, to protect their teeth from decay.

• #75 Fluoride: Risks, uses, and side effects

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/154164

  Water authorities add fluoride to the municipal water supply, because studies have shown that adding it in areas where fluoride levels in the water are low can reduce the prevalence of tooth decay in the local population. […] Fluoride is present in natural water. Adding fluoride, says the ADA, is like fortifying milk with vitamin D, orange juice with calcium, or cereals with B vitamins and folic acid. […] Studies continue to show that adding fluoride to water supports dental health. […] A Cochrane review published in 2015 found that when fluoride was introduced to water: Children had 35 percent fewer decayed, missing, or filled baby teeth. […] The American Dental Association (ADA) says fluoride in water benefits communities because it reduces tooth decay by 20 to 40 percent. […] Most public health authorities and medical associations worldwide recommend that children and adults receive some fluoride, to protect their teeth from decay.

• #76 Fluoride: Risks, uses, and side effects

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/154164

  Water authorities add fluoride to the municipal water supply, because studies have shown that adding it in areas where fluoride levels in the water are low can reduce the prevalence of tooth decay in the local population. […] Fluoride is present in natural water. Adding fluoride, says the ADA, is like fortifying milk with vitamin D, orange juice with calcium, or cereals with B vitamins and folic acid. […] Studies continue to show that adding fluoride to water supports dental health. […] A Cochrane review published in 2015 found that when fluoride was introduced to water: Children had 35 percent fewer decayed, missing, or filled baby teeth. […] The American Dental Association (ADA) says fluoride in water benefits communities because it reduces tooth decay by 20 to 40 percent. […] Most public health authorities and medical associations worldwide recommend that children and adults receive some fluoride, to protect their teeth from decay.

• #77 Two cities stopped adding fluoride to water. Science reveals what happened

  https://www.sciencenews.org/article/fluoride-drinking-water-dental-health

  In cities that have stopped adding fluoride to drinking water, children experience more tooth decay, studies have shown. […] Over the last decade, he says, tooth decay in children hes seen has become more common, more aggressive and more severe. […] Several studies have shown that fluoride is a safe and effective way to prevent tooth decay. […] In Calgary, the team surveyed 2,649 second-graders around seven years after fluoridation ended, meaning they had likely never been exposed to fluoride in their drinking water. Of those, 65 percent had tooth decay. […] In 2024, another study found a higher rate of tooth decay-related treatments for which a child was placed under general anesthesia in Calgary than in Edmonton. […] They found that the average number of procedures to treat tooth decay rose in children under age 6, from 1.5 treatments per child in 2003 to 2.5 treatments per child in 2012.

• #78 Two cities stopped adding fluoride to water. Science reveals what happened

  https://www.sciencenews.org/article/fluoride-drinking-water-dental-health

  In cities that have stopped adding fluoride to drinking water, children experience more tooth decay, studies have shown. […] Over the last decade, he says, tooth decay in children hes seen has become more common, more aggressive and more severe. […] Several studies have shown that fluoride is a safe and effective way to prevent tooth decay. […] In Calgary, the team surveyed 2,649 second-graders around seven years after fluoridation ended, meaning they had likely never been exposed to fluoride in their drinking water. Of those, 65 percent had tooth decay. […] In 2024, another study found a higher rate of tooth decay-related treatments for which a child was placed under general anesthesia in Calgary than in Edmonton. […] They found that the average number of procedures to treat tooth decay rose in children under age 6, from 1.5 treatments per child in 2003 to 2.5 treatments per child in 2012.

• #79 “No-drill” dentistry stops tooth decay – new research – The University of Sydney

  https://www.sydney.edu.au/news-opinion/news/2015/12/07/_no-drill_-dentistry-stops-tooth-decay—new-research.html

  A University of Sydney study has revealed that tooth decay (dental caries) can be stopped, reversed, and prevented without the need for the traditional 'fill and drill’ approach that has dominated dental care for decades. […] The results of the seven year study, published today in Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology, found that the need for fillings was reduced by 30 to 50 per cent through preventative oral care. […] This research signals the need for a major shift in the way tooth decay is managed by dentists dental practice in Australia needs to change. Our study shows that a preventative approach has major benefits compared to current practice. […] However, 50 years of research studies have shown that decay is not always progressive and develops more slowly than was previously believed.

• #80 “No-drill” dentistry stops tooth decay – new research – The University of Sydney

  https://www.sydney.edu.au/news-opinion/news/2015/12/07/_no-drill_-dentistry-stops-tooth-decay—new-research.html

  A University of Sydney study has revealed that tooth decay (dental caries) can be stopped, reversed, and prevented without the need for the traditional 'fill and drill’ approach that has dominated dental care for decades. […] The results of the seven year study, published today in Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology, found that the need for fillings was reduced by 30 to 50 per cent through preventative oral care. […] This research signals the need for a major shift in the way tooth decay is managed by dentists dental practice in Australia needs to change. Our study shows that a preventative approach has major benefits compared to current practice. […] However, 50 years of research studies have shown that decay is not always progressive and develops more slowly than was previously believed.

• #81 “No-drill” dentistry stops tooth decay – new research – The University of Sydney

  https://www.sydney.edu.au/news-opinion/news/2015/12/07/_no-drill_-dentistry-stops-tooth-decay—new-research.html

  The CMS was first tested on high risk patients at Westmead Hospital with great success, said Professor Evans. […] The Monitor Practice Program (MPP), funded by the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia (NHMRC), confirmed that after seven years, decay risk was substantially reduced among the CMS patients and their need for fillings was reduced by 30 to 50 per cent compared to the control group. […] The reduced decay risk and reduced need for fillings was understandably welcomed by patients, Professor Evans said.

• #82 Minnesota Oral Health Data – MN Dept. of Health

  https://www.health.state.mn.us/people/oralhealth/data/oralhealthmn.html

  A dental sealant is a plastic material applied to the biting surfaces of molars and premolars (back teeth) to prevent tooth decay, one of the most common chronic diseases among children ages 6-9. […] Drinking fluoridated tap water can prevent tooth decay. […] A visit to the dentist at least once a year can prevent tooth decay and identify dental diseases and oral conditions early. Early treatment is usually less painful and less expensive.

• #83 News & Publications – Oral Health – Division of Disease Prevention – Maine CDC: DHHS Maine

  https://www.maine.gov/dhhs/mecdc/population-health/odh/news.shtml

  The CDC Division of Oral Health has released a new surveillance report, Trends in Dental Caries and Sealants, Tooth Retention, and Edentulism, United States, 1999-2004 to 2011-2016. This new report uses data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and provides national estimates for selected oral health measures during 2011-2016, examines changes since 1999-2004, and highlights disparities in oral health by certain sociodemographic characteristics. […] Measures include the prevalence and severity of dental caries, prevalence of dental sealants in children and adolescents, and tooth retention and edentulism among adults and older adults. […] Key takeaways: Prevalence of untreated tooth decay in young children has dropped from 21% to 10%; Sealant prevalence increased by 35% among children; Some groups of adults were more than 2x more likely to have untreated tooth decay; and Total tooth loss decreased in adults over 65, but people who currently smoke cigarettes are 3x more likely to lose all of their teeth than people who don’t smoke.

• #84

  https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/oral-health

  Untreated dental caries (tooth decay) in permanent teeth is the most common health condition according to the Global Burden of Disease 2021. […] Most cases are dental caries (tooth decay), periodontal diseases, tooth loss and oral cancers. […] A continued high intake of free sugars, inadequate exposure to fluoride and a lack of removal of plaque by toothbrushing can lead to caries, pain and sometimes tooth loss and infection. […] There is also a causal link between the high consumption of sugar and diabetes, obesity and dental caries. […] The burden of oral diseases and other noncommunicable diseases can be reduced through public health interventions by addressing common risk factors. […] Adequate exposure to fluoride is an essential factor in the prevention of dental caries.

• #85

  https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/oral-health

  Untreated dental caries (tooth decay) in permanent teeth is the most common health condition according to the Global Burden of Disease 2021. […] Most cases are dental caries (tooth decay), periodontal diseases, tooth loss and oral cancers. […] A continued high intake of free sugars, inadequate exposure to fluoride and a lack of removal of plaque by toothbrushing can lead to caries, pain and sometimes tooth loss and infection. […] There is also a causal link between the high consumption of sugar and diabetes, obesity and dental caries. […] The burden of oral diseases and other noncommunicable diseases can be reduced through public health interventions by addressing common risk factors. […] Adequate exposure to fluoride is an essential factor in the prevention of dental caries.

• #86 Epidemiology of dental caries | PPT

  https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/epidemiology-of-dental-caries-65629107/65629107

  The etiology of dental caries is a complex problem. There is no universally accepted opinion of the etiology of dental caries. […] The classic germ free animal studies of Orland et al(1954), firmly established principal evidence that had been debated for more than a century that dental caries is a bacterial infection. […] An increase in carbohydrate mainly sugar definitely increase caries activity. Risk of caries is greater if the sugar is sticky in nature. The caries activity is greatest, if the sugar is consumed between meals.

Zobacz więcej