Materiały źródłowe

• #1

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/Pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=custom.ab_positional_plagio_brachycephaly_inst

  Head shape changes are common in babies. A flat area can develop quickly on your babys head in the first 4 months. Most often, flat spots develop from your baby lying with their head in the same position for long periods of time. The 2 most common changes to head shape are plagiocephaly and brachycephaly. […] If your baby has a flat spot on one side of the back of their head, this is called plagiocephaly. You may notice that their ear, forehead, and cheek may be more forward on the same side as the flat spot. […] If your baby has a flat spot across the back of their head, this is called brachycephaly. You may notice widening across the back of the head, or the forehead sloping upward from the front to the back of the head. […] Flat spots can be prevented and treated when caught early. If theres a large head shape change, your doctor may recommend other treatment and more support from a pediatric physiotherapist.

• #1 Cranial Asymmetry | Hanger Clinic

  https://hangerclinic.com/library/cranial-asymmetry/

  Cranial asymmetry, commonly known as plagiocephaly, is becoming increasingly more common due to widespread efforts to reduce the incidence of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) by encouraging parents to place their babies on their backs to sleep instead on their bellies. In fact, up to 46% of otherwise healthy babies are estimated to experience an asymmetrical head shape. […] Plagiocephaly, or “flat head syndrome,” is the most common form of cranial asymmetry and is usually identified by a flattening on one side of the back of the head. It is sometimes referred to as a parallelogram shape, because it looks like one side of the baby’s head has been pushed forward. […] Brachycephaly generally appears as flattening across the back of the head with a prominent forehead, widening above the ears, and the height of the baby’s head may appear taller. […] A noninvasive custom cranial remolding orthosis, also known as a helmet, is recommended for babies with cranial asymmetries to improve the shape of the head.

• #1 Plagiocephaly, Positional Plagiocephaly, Flat Head Syndrome: Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/10691-plagiocephaly-flat-head-syndrome

  Flat head syndrome doesnt cause any brain damage or affect your babys health. However, it may change your babys appearance. It can lead to less hair on the flattened spot or some facial asymmetry (which may cause visual disturbances). The ear on one side of your babys head may look pushed forward or their forehead might bulge. Their neck, jaw and face may look uneven. […] Repositioning is a useful technique to help babies recover from positional plagiocephaly, or flat head syndrome. You should never put your baby to sleep on their stomach or side positions that are associated with sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS).

• #1

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/pages/conditions.aspx?Hwid=custom.ab_positional_plagio_brachycephaly_inst

  Head shape changes are common in babies. A flat area can develop quickly on your babys head in the first 4 months. Most often, flat spots develop from your baby lying with their head in the same position for long periods of time. The 2 most common changes to head shape are plagiocephaly and brachycephaly. […] If your baby has a flat spot on one side of the back of their head, this is called plagiocephaly. […] If your baby has a flat spot across the back of their head, this is called brachycephaly. […] Flat spots can be prevented and treated when caught early. If theres a large head shape change, your doctor may recommend other treatment and more support from a pediatric physiotherapist. […] If your baby has a flat spot that is on one side of the back of their head, this is called plagiocephaly. The goal is to keep the flat spot up and out, away from the pressure of resting on firm surfaces.

• #1 Flat Head Syndrome | Complete Physio

  https://complete-physio.co.uk/services/flat-head-syndrome/

  The journey of parenthood is filled with joys and challenges; having a baby is one of the most incredible experiences in life, and all parents want to make sure that their baby has the best possible start, and remains happy and healthy. […] In this blog we are going to discuss a condition called Flat Head Syndrome. This is a condition that usually develops when your baby is a few months old, as a result of spending a lot of time lying on their back or side of their head. […] This guide aims to explain in more detail what Flat Head Syndrome is and how to identify the problem, as well as giving some proactive and practical information on preventative measures and treatments that are available to help ensure your baby’s healthy development. […] The skull protects the brain, but it is also malleable because of connective tissue between the skull bones known as sutures. This is the reason why the brain can grow/develop and also allow the head to be shaped during delivery, but also make the baby’s skull to be vulnerable to deformation.

• #1 Flat Head Syndrome (Positional Plagiocephaly) (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/positional-plagiocephaly.html

  Flat head syndrome usually happens when a baby sleeps with the head turned to the same side during first months of life. This causes a flat spot, either on one side or the back of the head. […] Caregivers should always place babies on their back to sleep to help prevent sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), even with possibility of flat head syndrome. Avoiding swings, car seats, bouncy chairs, and other devices is safest for sleep and also helps to make sure that babies can move their head freely. […] Most babies with flat head syndrome also have some degree of torticollis. So stretches at home and physical therapy usually are part of treatment. A physical therapist can teach you exercises to do with your baby involving stretching. […] A doctor may prescribe a helmet for flat head syndrome. The helmet is designed to fit a baby loosely where the head is flat and tightly where it is round. In the helmet, the head can’t grow where it is already round. So it grows where it’s flatter. […] Flat head syndrome improves with time and natural growth. As babies grow, they begin to change position themselves during sleep, so their heads aren’t in the same position.

• #1 Positional Plagiocephaly (Flattened Head) | Nationwide Children’s Hospital

  https://www.nationwidechildrens.org/conditions/positional-plagiocephaly-flattened-head

  Positional plagiocephaly (play gee o SEF uh lee) is a flat area on the back or on one side of your babys head due to repeated pressure. […] Plagiocephaly has increased due to the American Academy of Pediatrics Safe Sleeping Guidelines of placing an infant on his or her back when sleeping to reduce the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). […] Plagiocephaly does not affect the potential growth and development of your baby. It does not affect future intellectual ability or brain development. […] The Center for Complex Craniofacial Disorders and Neurosurgery expertly care for children with flattened head. […] Your babys doctor can usually diagnose the cause of flat spots by examining your childs head shape. […] Signs of plagiocephaly are: Head shape that appears flat on one or both sides of the head, Facial asymmetry, Uneven ears, Torticollis (tight neck muscles).

• #1 Plagiocephaly and brachycephaly – misshapen head

  https://www.rch.org.au/kidsinfo/fact_sheets/Plagiocephaly_and_brachycephaly_-_misshapen_head/

  Most babies with a misshapen head do not need any treatment especially if they are active and have plenty of one-on-one interaction. […] Plagiocephaly and brachycephaly usually improve as your baby grows and starts to move their head by themselves. […] If your baby needs treatment for a misshapen head, a doctor may refer you to a specialist clinic. […] Childrens physiotherapists often treat babies with misshapen heads by encouraging active movement. […] A very small number of babies with plagiocephaly and brachycephaly have a severe and persistent deformity and may need helmet therapy. […] Plagiocephaly will often correct itself with the above positioning and play advice as your baby grows. […] A baby with a stiff and tight neck called torticollis may struggle to turn its head and favour one position. This lack of movement can cause a misshapen head, but it may be avoidable when managed early.

• #1 positional plagiocephaly/ flat head syndrome

  https://www.childrensdayton.org/node/3903/printable/print

  Positional plagiocephaly is flattening or molding of an infants skull due to prolonged contact with external surfaces. It often becomes apparent when an infant is two or three months old. Also known as abnormal head shape or flat head. […] Infants with flattening across the entire back of the head have a kind of plagiocephaly called brachycephaly. […] Safe sleep guidelines from the National Institute of Health help reduce your babys risk for Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS). […] In the early 1990s, infant car seats were redesigned to double as an infant carrier or could be used in a stroller. The use of these multi-purpose infant seats was found to be a risk factor for plagiocephaly. This is because the infant no longer needed to be repositioned. The infant stayed in the same position for prolonged periods of time during the day.

• #1 What Is Flat Head Syndrome?

  https://www.babocush.com/blogs/news/flat-head-syndrome-what-is-it?srsltid=AfmBOorFxUPOUF_JhAJlhQyApP9aHar9PPZo-fCVJl0Yj5E7PF0UnzyG

  Have you ever noticed a flat spot on the back or side of your baby’s head? If so, your child may have plagiocephaly or brachycephaly, often known as flat head syndrome, which normally resolves with time and a few simple preventive measures. […] Flat head syndrome is classified into two types: […] When your baby’s head is bowed to one side (plagiocephaly). This causes the head to appear asymmetrical. […] Brachycephaly is a flattening and broadening of the back of the head. […] A baby’s sleep posture is the most common cause of a flattened head. […] Flattened heads are more common in premature newborns as their skulls are softer than full-term babies. […] Flat head syndrome can begin before birth if the mother’s pelvis or a twin puts pressure on the baby’s skull. […] Tight neck muscles make it difficult for babies to turn their heads, resulting in flat head syndrome.

• #1 Plagiocephaly

  https://halo-care.com/collections/plagiocephaly?srsltid=AfmBOoovpTRlXRpSS62H3VbqO_NgHvBA8S8mf9NAfxoiKicvJ-b3oQFY

  Baby flat head syndrome or positional plagiocephaly commonly happens during first few months of life because a baby sleeps with the head turned to the same side for a prolong time. The pressure asserted on the soft skull causes a flat spot, either on the side or the back of the head. […] Plagiocephaly is the most common type of misshapen head, and all the deformities are usually preventable. […] According to NHS data, the likelihood of flat head syndrome occurring is higher for twins and multiple births. As well as premature babies or children who went through a traumatic labour process. Other common causes of a flat spot in babies’ heads can occur more naturally. […] The two main factors of baby flat head are as follows: Sleep Position: Babies staying in the same supine position for prolonged periods is one of the main causes for the appearance of these deformities.

• #1 What is Deformational Plagiocephaly? (Flat Head Syndrome) – Starband

  https://starbandkids.com/blog/what-is-deformational-plagiocephaly-flat-head-syndrome/

  Deformational plagiocephaly (also known as Flat Head Syndrome) is an abnormal shape of a baby’s head caused by external forces. The baby’s head may appear to be misshapen or asymmetrical immediately after birth, or the abnormal shape may become noticeable in the first few months of life. Parents, grandparents, and caregivers are often the first to notice the head’s unusual shape and usually bring it to the pediatrician’s attention during a regular visit. […] The first thing you can do is talk to your pediatrician about your baby’s head. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) suggests that Pediatricians evaluate the baby’s head at each visit from the top, sides, front, and back. The AAP also recommends that the physician talk to families about how to move the baby into many different positions during the day and stress the importance of “tummy time” whenever the baby is awake and supervised.*

• #1 Understanding flat head syndrome (Plagiocephaly) in babies | Braceworks Custom Orthotics

  https://braceworks.ca/2020/04/30/rehab-team/understanding-flat-head-syndrome-plagiocephaly-in-babies/

  Flat head syndrome, or plagiocephaly as the condition is medically known, occurs when a flat spot develops on the back or side of a baby’s head. […] The condition can cause the baby’s head to look asymmetrical. Some describe the head as looking like a parallelogram when observed from above. […] One common cause for flat head syndrome is regularly sleeping or lying in the same position. […] There are two types of plagiocephaly: positional plagiocephaly and congenital plagiocephaly. […] Positional plagiocephaly, also called deformational plagiocephaly, is the most common type of flat head syndrome. […] Signs to look for include: A flattened area on the side or back of the head. Instead of being round, the head may appear slanted in a certain area. […] Putting your baby to sleep in the same position day after day, for example, on their back or with their head facing right or left, puts consistent pressure on the same parts of the skull.

• #1 Plagiocephaly (Flat Head Syndrome): Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://parenting.firstcry.com/articles/plagiocephalyflat-head-syndrome-causessymptomstreatment-and-prevention/

  In this, there is a uniform flattening that covers the entirety of the back of the babys head. The head is hence broader than normal. At times, the forehead of the child seems to bulge out. […] There are many reasons why babies can develop misshapen heads, and though parents of children who develop this condition often find it easy to blame themselves, it is really not the case. […] In order to prevent Sudden Death Syndrome in babies, it is recommended that babies sleep on their backs, but the relationship between back sleeping and Flat Head Syndrome is quite well known. […] The signs of Flat Head Syndrome, or Plagiocephaly, will vary according to the level of severity. Here are the signs and symptoms of flat head syndrome: There will be flattened surfaces on the front, side or back of the babys head.

• #1 Flattened Head Syndrome or Positional Plagiocephaly –

  https://www.boomeranghealth.com/flattened-head-syndrome-positional-plagiocephaly/

  Flattened head syndrome or positional plagiocephaly refers to flattening of the skull in young babies. This can happen on one side (plagiocephaly), or in the middle, causing the head to look high and cone shaped (brachycephaly). […] In more moderate to severe cases, plagiocephaly can cause facial changes; the position of the ears may become misaligned, a bulging of the forehead may be seen, and eye shape can become asymmetrical. […] Positional plagiocephaly is purely a cosmetic concern. There is no evidence to suggest that plagiocephaly can affect the developing brain. […] In moderate to severe cases, a helmet can be prescribed at approximately 6 months of age to help correct head shape. These are worn approximately 23 hours a day and are extremely successful at correcting positional plagiocephaly. If your child is between 4-6 months of age, and you are concerned that your child’s head shape is worsening or not starting to improve, ask if a referral to orthotist is recommended.

• #1 Diagnosis and treatment of positional plagiocephaly

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7206465/

  Positional plagiocephaly is increasing in infants. Positional plagiocephaly is an asymmetric deformation of skull due to various reasons; first birth, assisted labor, multiple pregnancy, prematurity, congenital muscular torticollis and position of head. Positional plagiocephaly can mostly be diagnosed clinically and by physical examinations. The simplest way to assess the severity of plagiocephaly is to use a diagonal caliper during physical examination, which measures the difference between the diagonal lengths on each side of the head. Plagiocephaly can be treated surgically or conservatively. Positional plagiocephaly, which is not accompanied by craniosynostosis, is treated conservatively. Conservative treatments involve a variety of treatments, such as change of positions, physiotherapy, massage therapy, and helmet therapy. Systematic approaches to clinical examination, diagnosis and treatment of positional plagiocephaly can be necessary and the age-appropriate treatment is recommended for patients with positional plagiocephaly.

• #1 Flat head syndrome (positional plagiocephaly and brachycephaly): Treatment with a corrective helmet

  https://www.aboutkidshealth.ca/plagiocephalytreatment

  It is recommended that your child wear the helmet between 22 and 23 hours per day to achieve optimal correction and prevent the helmet from becoming ill-fitting. […] At the first visit, an orthotist will evaluate your babys head shape clinically and use 3D scanning technology to capture a 3D model of the head. […] This visit will be booked two weeks after the first visit and typically lasts an hour to an hour and a half. […] At this visit, your orthotis will ensure a proper fit of the helmet, and you will be taught the proper use and care of the device during treatment. […] You will have a follow-up visit with your orthotist two weeks after the fitting and then every four weeks until the end of treatment. […] Your childs head will be examined for shape changes. […] A 3D scan will be taken every second appointment and will be compared to the previous scan.

• #1 Craniosynostosis | Causes, Symptoms, Types & Treatment | CHOC

  https://choc.org/neuroscience/craniosynostosis/

  As a parent, you know your baby better than anyone. You’re the first to notice if something doesn’t look quite right. Slight imperfections in your baby’s head are normal, especially in the first month after birth. But as your baby grows, a misshapen head could be a sign of something else. The earlier you can get a diagnosis—ideally, before the age of 6 months—the more effective treatment can be. […] Sometimes, a baby’s head will become misshapen when they spend a lot of time on their back, or because of problems with their neck muscles (torticollis). This is called positional plagiocephaly, or “flat head syndrome.” […] Most of the time, the head deformity is simply positional plagiocephaly, a benign condition that does not require surgical intervention. However, some deformities are caused by craniosynostosis. Similar to craniosynostosis, plagiocephaly can cause flat spots and bulging areas on the head and forehead, but it is not craniosynostosis because no fusion of the cranial sutures has happened. It is important to get your child properly diagnosed to avoid getting these two conditions confused.

• #1 Plagiocephaly or flat head in babies | Raising Children Network

  https://raisingchildren.net.au/newborns/health-daily-care/health-concerns/plagiocephaly

  Plagiocephaly is an uneven or asymmetrical head shape a flat head. It can also be a flattened spot on the back or side of a babys head. Plagiocephaly can be mild, moderate or severe. […] Also, newborn skull bones are soft, thin and flexible. This means that the heads of newborn babies can change shape easily. So plagiocephaly sometimes happens when babies lie with their heads in the same position for a long time. […] Your baby might have an uneven head shape, a flat head or flattened sections at the back or side of their head. Your babys ears might look uneven, and their forehead might be more prominent compared to the rest of their head. […] See your GP or child and family health nurse if youre concerned about your babys head shape, or your baby has a strangely shaped head or a flat spot, which hasnt gone back to a typical shape by about 2 months of age.

• #1 How Do I Know If My Baby Has a Severe Flat Head?

  https://www.technologyinmotion.com/blog/severe-flat-head

  In many cases, flat head syndrome will self-correct through repositioning, bringing it within the normal range if carried out correctly. However, where infants have a moderate or a severe flat head, this is unlikely to improve significantly without further intervention. […] Health Visitors and GPs adhere to NHS guidelines and the general advice is that all types of plagiocephaly will self-correct to some degree. With little information provided other than this advice, parents are then left to consider whether their baby has severe flat head syndrome and what other treatment options are available. […] We carry out a visual inspection of all our patients and use diagonal measurements to calculate the Cranial Vault Asymmetry (CVA) in order to determine the severity of plagiocephaly. This takes into account the difference between the diagonal head shape measurements to establish whether the head can be categorised as either mild, moderate or severe plagiocephaly.

• #1 Brachycephalie bij baby’s begrijpen: Een gids voor ouders

  https://www.skullycare.com/for-parents/brachycephaly-guide-articles/brachycephaly-guide-for-parents

  Plagiocephaly, often called „flat head syndrome,” is a condition where a babys head becomes flat or uneven in shape. Its quite common in babies under six months old, and usually happens because of pressure on one part of the babys head. […] With early intervention and the right care, the vast majority of babies see their head shape return to normal as they develop and begin moving more. However, if the flattening is severe and left untreated, it can persist into later years, even into adulthood. […] Recognizing plagiocephaly early is important, as timely intervention can help correct the shape of the skull and prevent future complications. […] If you notice any signs of plagiocephaly, its important to consult Skully Care or a pediatric physiotherapist. […] The best time to begin preventing flat head syndrome is right from the startideally as soon as you notice your baby has a preferred head position.

• #1 Preventing and Managing Skull Flatness | Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta

  https://www.choa.org/parent-resources/orthopedics/how-to-prevent-a-flat-head

  It’s no surprise that putting a newborn to sleep on their backan absolute must to prevent sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)can lead to skull flatness over time. Also known as plagiocephaly, flat head syndrome is common (a 2013 study found that almost half of all 2-month-olds have it) but is often preventable with a few good habits. And unlike SIDS, its not life-threatening. […] Skull flatness, called plagiocephaly, may occur when a baby develops a flat spot on the back or side of the head. When the flattened area is mostly straight across the back of the head, its known as brachycephaly. […] Avoiding a flat head in infants is all about changing their positioning. Make the following five techniques part of your babys routine: […] Dont panic. Plagiocephaly or brachycephaly wont hurt your babys brain development, and its usually temporary if you use the repositioning tips outlined above. The best time to correct the shape of your infants head through repositioning is during their first few months, when their skull is growing quickly.

• #1 Deformational Plagiocephaly and Brachycephaly | CHP

  https://www.chp.edu/our-services/plastic-surgery/conditions/deformational-plagiocephaly-and-brachycephaly

  Provide supervised Tummy Time when the baby is awake. Tummy Time is one of the most important ways to care for your baby and make your baby strong. Tummy time should be offered many times per day; even 1-2 minutes at a time will begin to make a difference. […] For mild cases of deformational plagiocephaly or brachycephaly, the only recommended treatment is positioning the baby so that he will not lie on the flattened area of the head. For moderate to severe cases, cranial remolding helmet therapy is recommended at the appropriate age. A custom-made helmet is then worn 23 hours a day for approximately 3-6 months. The helmet works by applying gentle firmness to the protruding areas of the head and plenty of open space where there is flattening. This allows room for improvement by capturing growth spurts to fill in the flattened side of the head as the baby grows.

• #1 Brachycephaly Treating | Flat Head Syndrome – Nabta Health

  https://nabtahealth.com/article/brachycephaly-treating-flat-head-syndrome/?srsltid=AfmBOoreiGtEXEn7ZNfn7BTOaUV6ikEnJ2ql35N7HCYpeck7xb8ZOcgH

  Brachycephaly: Treating Flat Head Syndrome article image A baby with brachycephaly typically has a flat spot on the back of the skull, and the head appears to be widened. It is similar to plagiocephaly, which occurs when only one side of the babys head is flattened. […] Prevention of brachycephaly is easy. Newborns need at least a few minutes of time on their stomachs, while awake, several times a day. This encourages muscle development in the neck and back and takes pressure off the back of the skull. […] Flat Head Syndrome, When holding or feeding your baby, alternate sides so pressure is applied to different sides of the head. When putting your baby in his or her crib, alternate which direction the head is facing to help reduce the pressure on one side. If your baby appears to have a resting head preference meaning they prefer to look to the right or left, or always sleep with the head positioned to the same side there might be a problem with a neck muscle. One side may be tighter than the other, discouraging the infant from rotating his or her head away from the tight side.

• #1 brachycephaly Archives – Acorn Health

  https://acornhealth.org.uk/tag/brachycephaly/

  Tummy time is of the utmost importance. This helps develop shoulder girdle strength which is important for motor milestones such as crawling and eventually walking. In addition, it reduces the time spent lying on their back. […] Repositioning: This is best started as early as possible and is most effective with babies under four months of age. Alternating the position your baby lies in at night can also help. Babies tend to prefer to face outward into the room, and being creatures of habit we may be tempted to always place them the same end of the crib. As such, routinely changing this is important.

• #1 Flat Head Baby Syndrome: Treating & Preventing Plagiocephaly

  https://www.whattoexpect.com/first-year/health/plagiocephaly-flat-head-syndrome/

  You can prevent flat head syndrome at home by having baby spend as much time as possible off of his back. This includes: Giving your baby at least 30 minutes of supervised tummy time every day when he’s awake, starting as soon as he comes home from the hospital. […] Flat head syndrome is most common between the ages of 6 weeks and 2 months old, and almost always resolve completely by age 2, particularly if parents and caregivers regularly work on varying baby’s positions when he’s awake.

• #1 Plagiocephaly, Positional Plagiocephaly, Flat Head Syndrome: Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/10691-plagiocephaly-flat-head-syndrome

  Plagiocephaly treatment starts with changing your babys position. You can do this while your baby is asleep or awake. […] Over time, repositioning shifts pressure more evenly over your babys entire head and strengthens their neck muscles. […] Infant repositioning is one of the best ways to prevent flat head syndrome. Be sure to alternate your babys head position while theyre sleeping. In addition, give your baby plenty of tummy time while theyre awake and youre supervising them. […] Most infants with plagiocephaly grow out of the condition naturally. Others need to correct it with treatment. Talk to your babys healthcare provider about your childs case. […] You should be able to correct or minimize flat head syndrome with infant repositioning techniques. Starting early and staying consistent helps. If repositioning isnt working, or if your babys neck muscles seem tense, call their healthcare provider. Physical therapy or a helmet may help.

• #1 What Is Flat Head Syndrome?

  https://www.babocush.com/blogs/news/flat-head-syndrome-what-is-it?srsltid=AfmBOorFxUPOUF_JhAJlhQyApP9aHar9PPZo-fCVJl0Yj5E7PF0UnzyG

  The flattened shape of the head is the only indication of positional plagiocephaly. […] Caregivers should always position babies to sleep on their backs to help avoid SIDS, especially if flat head syndrome is a possibility. […] Simple techniques like altering a baby’s sleep position, hugging your baby, and offering plenty of „tummy time” can all assist. […] Allow lots of time for your baby to lie on his or her stomach while awake during the day. […] Limit the amount of time your child spends lying on their back or with their head resting against a flat surface. […] When your baby is sleeping on their back, switch the position of their head (from left to right, right to left). […] Torticollis affects the majority of babies with flat head syndrome. […] A helmet can be prescribed by a doctor for flat head syndrome. […] Mild plagiocephaly or brachycephaly is usually harmless, but it’s best to get it checked out as soon as possible to confirm there’s nothing more serious going on and to begin taking steps to keep it from worsening.

• #1 Positional Plagiocephaly (Flattened Head) | Nationwide Children’s Hospital

  https://www.nationwidechildrens.org/conditions/positional-plagiocephaly-flattened-head

  There are several ways to help shape your babys head. Start positioning activities as soon as possible to help re-shape your babys head. […] Plagiocephaly improves as a babys motor skills, such as sitting up and crawling, develop and he or she is spending less time lying on the back. […] Make sure there is no pressure on the flattened part of the head. […] You can also change the side of your body on which you hold your baby for breast or bottle feedings. […] Continue to place your baby on his or her back for safe sleeping. […] If your baby has torticollis, it is important to treat that to help improve plagiocephaly. […] Some infants may need a custom-made helmet or band. Helmets work by applying gentle pressure to certain areas of your babys head.

• #1 Plagiocephaly | Children’s Hospital Colorado

  https://www.childrenscolorado.org/conditions-and-advice/conditions-and-symptoms/conditions/positional-plagiocephaly/

  The first step to treating plagiocephaly is changing your child’s sleeping position. Always place your baby on their back for sleeping, even with plagiocephaly. […] Supervised tummy time when your baby is awake is also very helpful. Spend a lot of time holding and cuddling in a variety of positions. Even if plagiocephaly develops, your baby should continue to sleep on their back for safe sleep. Avoid long periods of time in swings, bouncers or car seats. […] If your child’s condition is very severe or positioning changes dont help by the time they are 6 months old, we may recommend a molding helmet. Children usually wear the helmet 23 hours a day for 2 to 6 months before seeing noticeable improvement and will wear the helmet for up to a year. Providers adjust molding helmets frequently as your baby grows.

• #1 Guide | Physical Therapy Guide to Flat Head Syndrome: Plagiocephaly, Brachycephaly, and Dolichocephaly | Choose PT

  https://www.choosept.com/guide/physical-therapy-guide-to-head-shape-flatness-in-infants-plagiocephaly

  Infant flat head syndrome is an atypical flattening or deformation of the skull that may present as: […] Plagiocephaly, brachycephaly, and dolichocephaly are different types of infant flat head syndrome. […] Physical therapists help determine the cause of the head flattening and the best treatment. […] The sooner a family sees a physical therapist, the better the chances of improving or preventing further head shape deformities. […] Pediatric physical therapists educate caregivers during all phases of infant development during pregnancy, right after birth, or in the first few months. Early caregiver education will include tips for proper positioning and ways to create movement opportunities for your baby. […] The sooner a baby sees a pediatric physical therapist, the more likely it is to prevent further loss of range of motion or a worsening of the flattened skull. Early diagnosis at or shortly after birth provides the quickest and best results to help correct head shape flatness. […] Families and caregivers should seek early screening of their newborns for any neck range of motion problems and a flat spot on the baby’s skull.

• #1 Pediatric Physical Therapy For Plagiocephaly | Little Feet Therapy | Pediatric Occupational & Physical Therapy Clinic

  https://littlefeettherapy.com/pediatric-physical-therapy-for-plagiocephaly/

  Plagiocephaly, otherwise known as flat head syndrome, is a common condition that can affect infants. […] This condition causes your baby’s head to be flat on one side, typically due to their positioning as they grow. […] While this can be the source of significant worry for parents, there are preventative measures that may help to avoid and correct plagiocephaly. […] In the event your newborn does have this condition, a pediatric physical therapist can help. […] A pediatric physical therapist can help assess the extent of your baby’s plagiocephaly and provide you with information. […] Physical therapy can be beneficial for the prevention, treatment, and avoidance of worsening plagiocephaly. […] Early intervention is the best way to address your child’s plagiocephaly and to correct and prevent its progression. […] If plagiocephaly is left untreated it can lead to further complications as they grow. […] Speaking with a pediatric physical therapist can help answer your questions and assess their condition.

• #1 Physical Therapy’s Impact on Infant Flat Head SyndromeVisit our FacebookVisit our TwitterVisit our YouTube channelth-listclosechevron-downphonelinkedinfacebookpinterestyoutubersstwitterinstagramfacebook-blankrss-blanklinkedin-blankpinterestyoutubetwitteri

  https://njcraniofacialcenter.com/news/articles/the-role-of-physical-therapy-in-addressing-infant-flat-head-syndrome/

  The human head, like a delicate sculpture, requires proper alignment to develop harmoniously. However, infants are susceptible to a condition known as flat head syndrome or positional plagiocephaly. This condition is characterized by an abnormal flattening of the back or side of the skull due to prolonged pressure on one area. […] Addressing infant flat head syndrome is crucial as it may lead to potential complications including facial asymmetry and developmental delays. Amongst the medical professionals involved in its management, pediatric physical therapists play a significant role in identifying and treating this condition. […] By addressing these complications early on through physical therapy interventions, healthcare professionals aim to minimize long-term effects on both physical appearance and motor development for infants with flat head syndrome.

• #1 Plagiocephaly (Flat Head Syndrome) | OHSU

  https://www.ohsu.edu/doernbecher/plagiocephaly-flat-head-syndrome

  In many babies, the shape of the head will correct itself within two years. Often this happens when your child begins to sit up. Positional or helmet therapy may help. […] Our experts will work with you to create a treatment plan for your child. Positional therapy techniques may include: […] If your babys plagiocephaly is moderate to severe, we may recommend using a helmet or headband to reshape their skull. Helmet therapy may also help if positional therapy hasnt worked. […] We provide complete care for plagiocephaly, including follow-up care with a nurse practitioner and physical therapists who specialize in this condition. If your baby needs ongoing physical therapy, we will help you find a physical therapist close to your home. […] If we recommend positional therapy for your child, you can meet with physical therapists to learn and practice techniques. Our physical therapists are always available to answer questions. […] If your child needs a helmet, our nurse practitioner and a physical therapist will support you in managing this therapy.

• #1 Flat Head Syndrome | Complete Physio

  https://complete-physio.co.uk/services/flat-head-syndrome/

  It is important to stress that your baby will not experience any pain or other symptoms, or any problems with their general development. […] Families are often concerned that positional skull deformity may cause developmental delays. Although there have been no rigorous prospective studies to address this concern, there is currently no evidence to suggest that positional skull deformity causes developmental delays. […] Treatment for Flat Head Syndrome often involves a combination of physiotherapy and positioning advice. Through a comprehensive assessment, physiotherapists can offer personalised strategies aimed at alleviating pressure on the affected areas of the head. […] The most commonly used physiotherapy techniques are exercises to improve motor development, active and passive mobilisation of the cervical spine, flexion and stretching, and manual therapy techniques in joints that have some limitations.

• #1 Flat Head Syndrome: When to Worry & What to Do | Growing Bones

  https://www.growingbones.com.au/my-baby-has-a-flat-spot-when-should-i-be-concerned/

  An osteopathic assessment at Growing Bones includes a full case history, and thorough physical examination of your baby by a Senior Paediatric Osteopath, with more than 10 years experience. […] Your osteopath will re-measure your baby’s head every 2-4 weeks, depending on their head growth to monitor or change your treatment plan. […] Flat Head Syndrome is very common in babies and can resolve with the right advice and support. […] Look for postural preferences early and seek medical advice early (before your baby is 8 weeks old) Don’t wait and see.

• #1 Positional plagiocephaly

  https://www.rch.org.au/clinicalguide/guideline_index/Positional_plagiocephaly/

  Common, benign condition that affects the cosmetic appearance of an infants head. Does not cause developmental delay […] Most resolve without any treatment and will show improvement with counterpositioning measures and physiotherapy intervention […] Plagiocephaly and brachycephaly are present in around 1% of teenagers […] Early identification and management including referral to physiotherapist is beneficial as plagiocephaly will improve once the tight SCM is treated […] Reducing the amount of time the infant spends lying on the flat side of their head will help improve the head shape. This is achieved by counterpositioning measures […] A physiotherapist can provide parent education, recommendations for infant handling, counterpositioning as well as specific exercises if congenital torticollis is present. Exercises for congenital muscular torticollis include passive stretching and strengthening of the opposite SCM muscle

• #1 Physical Therapy’s Impact on Infant Flat Head SyndromeVisit our FacebookVisit our TwitterVisit our YouTube channelth-listclosechevron-downphonelinkedinfacebookpinterestyoutubersstwitterinstagramfacebook-blankrss-blanklinkedin-blankpinterestyoutubetwitteri

  https://njcraniofacialcenter.com/news/articles/the-role-of-physical-therapy-in-addressing-infant-flat-head-syndrome/

  Yes, pediatric physical therapists can effectively correct cranial asymmetry linked with positional plagiocephaly. Physical therapy improves infants’ motor skills, helping rectify skull shape imbalances. […] Physical therapy is a promising solution for infants with flat head syndrome. While we’ve explored its effectiveness, understanding the best time to start therapy is crucial. The earlier the intervention, the better the outcomes. […] For timely evaluation and treatment of cranial asymmetry, make an appointment at the NJ Craniofacial Center. Specializing in flat head syndrome in infants, this center adopts a holistic approach, with physical therapy playing a pivotal role.

• #1 Nonsynostotic plagiocephaly: a child health care intervention in Skaraborg, Sweden | BMC Pediatrics | Full Text

  https://bmcpediatr.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12887-019-1405-y

  The aim was to evaluate the interventions effect on prevention and reversal of nonsynostotic plagiocephaly. […] The intervention contributed to early reversal and reducing infants risk for persistent asymmetry. […] Preventing brachycephaly was difficult. […] Nonsynostotic plagiocephaly falls into three main groups: plagiocephaly – skewed occipital flattening, brachycephaly – symmetric occipital flattening, and combined plagiocephaly/brachycephaly. […] In a study of 129 children diagnosed with NSP in infancy and whose parents had been given information on counter-positioning strategies, 39% had not reverted to the normal range of symmetry at mean age of four years. […] In a randomized controlled trial (RTC), researchers reported that educating parents on unhindered physical movement within 72h postpartum in addition to regular recommendations significantly reduced the prevalence and severity of NSP at three months.

• #1 Flat Head Syndrome: When to Worry & What to Do | Growing Bones

  https://www.growingbones.com.au/my-baby-has-a-flat-spot-when-should-i-be-concerned/

  Plagiocephaly and brachycephaly are two of the most common types of flat head syndrome, affecting 48% of babies. […] The good news is it can be treated by getting the right advice and support early. […] This article can serve as your first line of help. Flat head syndrome can also be prevented, so if you are pregnant, or your baby does not have a flat head yet keep reading! […] If your baby has a flat head, and you are wondering when to worry- If your baby is not responding to repositioning, see an experienced Paediatric Osteopath as soon as possible. […] I always recommend getting early support for a flat spot because of the window of opportunity we have to intervene, when a baby is young, due to the great amount of head growth they have in the first 8-12 months of life. […] Research suggests the best results for plagiocephaly using manual therapy, including osteopathy are found in babies that present for treatment before 8 weeks old.

• #1 Flat head syndrome (positional plagiocephaly and brachycephaly)

  https://www.aboutkidshealth.ca/plagiocephaly

  Flat head syndrome describes an atypical head shape that develops during a babys first year of life. The medical terms positional plagiocephaly and brachycephaly describe the location of the flatness. […] If your baby has flat head syndrome, your doctor may recommend using a technique called counter-positioning to help correct the problem. In cases of significant flattening, you may be referred to a clinic that offers corrective helmet therapy. […] If your baby has an asymmetric flattening, you should talk to your doctor about repositioning your baby while they are awake. This is called counter-positioning. […] A corrective helmet may be recommended if there is no change in your baby’s head shape with repositioning or if there is a high degree of flattening. A corrective helmet uses gentle holding pressures to reshape the skull over time as it redirects the heads growth into the areas that are flat. […] To prevent your baby from developing a flattened skull, change their position often. Put your baby on their tummy to play several times a day. Use a firm play surface such as a carpeted floor or an activity mat on the floor.

• #1

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/pages/conditions.aspx?Hwid=custom.ab_positional_plagio_brachycephaly_inst

  If your baby has a flat spot across the back of their head, this is called brachycephaly. The goal for treatment is to take pressure off the back of the head. […] Its important to make sure to get advice from your doctor and a physiotherapist if you notice changes in your babys head shape. Your baby will have the best results if you notice changes early and deal with them right away. […] See your doctor and a physiotherapist for more help if youve been using these positioning strategies consistently and your baby is 5 months or older and still has changes in their head shape.

• #1 Plagiocephaly (condition page) | London Orthotic Consultancy

  https://www.londonorthotics.co.uk/condition/plagiocephaly/

  Common causes include: spending a lot of time lying on their back, preferring to turn their head one way, torticollis (tight neck muscles that make it harder to move their head), premature birth: Premature babies have even softer skulls and often spend more time lying down in hospital care. […] If your baby has a flat head, the first thing to try is repositioning. Until around four to five months old, repositioning and tummy time can help their head shape round out naturally. […] If these techniques do not work, cranial remoulding therapy using a specially designed baby helmet is an effective treatment option. […] Backed by clinical research, our cranial remoulding helmet offers excellent results and a pain-free, non-invasive solution to correct your babys head shape.

• #1 Flat head syndrome (positional plagiocephaly and brachycephaly): Treatment with a corrective helmet

  https://www.aboutkidshealth.ca/plagiocephalytreatment

  A corrective helmet can help treat your baby’s flat head syndrome. […] The helmet, also called a cranial remolding orthosis (CRO), is designed to gently correct the shape of your child’s skull over time. […] Your child will likely need to wear the helmet for three to five months. […] You and your child will need to visit the orthotist several times to measure, 3D scan and fit your child’s helmet. […] A corrective helmet, or CRO, is a custom-made medical device used to address positional flattening of the skull in children. […] The helmet uses gentle holding pressures to reshape the skull over time as it redirects the heads growth into the areas that are flat. […] The helmet does not affect the neurological development of a child. […] Your child will likely need to wear the helmet for three to five months or more, depending on your child’s rate of growth.

• #1 Ottobock | About Plagiocephaly (“Flat Head Syndrome”)

  https://www.ottobock.com/en-us/plagiocephaly

  Sometimes called a baby helmet, these specialized medical devices are used to help gently reshape a baby’s head over time. […] These special orthoses are designed to help adjust the shape of an infant’s skull. They can be produced in several different ways, including traditional foam helmets and lightweight, 3D-printed devices. […] CROs treat plagiocephaly using a combination of design features: contact zones that define gentle limits for growth and growth zones that leave space in areas needed to form a natural head shape. To deliver that result, a CRO typically needs to be worn 23 hours a day for 3 to 6 months.

• #1 Diagnosis and treatment of positional plagiocephaly

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7206465/

  Conservative treatments involve a variety of treatments, such as change of positions, physiotherapy, massage therapy, and helmet therapy. Promising outcomes can be achieved from conservative treatments when the treatments are initiated at an early stage of the disease due to the plasticity of the cranium and cranial sutures of the infants. […] Many studies have reported the use of external braces for the treatment of positional plagiocephaly. External braces include helmet orthosis, cranial orthosis, cranial orthotic device, and orthotic headbands, which are known to be very effective for the correction of the asymmetrical shape of the head. […] The minimum age of patients eligible for helmet treatment is not defined, and helmet treatment should be initiated before the infants can control their head movements. Helmet treatment is more effective if it is performed at an early stage of development of the head, and the treatment should begin when the skull is rapidly growing.

• #1 Helmet Treatment for Babies: Why the Controversy?

  https://www.technologyinmotion.com/blog/helmet-treatment-for-babies-why-the-controversy

  By contrast, 94.4% of infants using a helmet as first-line therapy achieved correction, as did 96.1% of those who received helmets after failed repositioning. […] If the deformity progresses or fails to improve after a month of repositioning, or if the child is over 5 months of age, it is doubtful that it will spontaneously resolve later. […] Baby helmet therapy requires active growth to bring about correction and 4 to 7 months is the ideal age to start treatment. […] If there is a deformity and it is not self-correcting after five months, it won’t significantly improve spontaneously. Helmet therapy is indicated if the parents are concerned. […] Once the infant reaches 14 months of age, it is too late to intervene with baby helmet therapy. Any remaining deformity becomes permanent and surgery is the only option to remedy this.

• #1

  https://www.healthychildren.org/English/health-issues/conditions/Cleft-Craniofacial/Pages/Positional-Skull-Deformities-and-Torticollis.aspx

  Physical therapy. Your pediatrician may refer your baby for early intervention services and an evaluation from a pediatric physical therapist. […] Helmet therapy. If your baby has moderate or severe head flattening that does not respond to treatment by 5 or 6 months of age, they may benefit from helmet therapy. […] Surgery should only be considered when all other options have been exhausted.

• #1 Redressiehelmen gids | Skully Care

  https://www.skullycare.com/for-parents/cranial-helmet-guide-for-parents/baby-helmets-for-flat-head-syndrome-guide

  Flat head syndrome, medically known as plagiocephaly, brachycephaly or scaphocephaly, affects approximately 15% of infants about 102,000 babies annually in the US alone. […] The most common types of flat head syndrome are: Plagiocephaly: Flattening on one side of the head. […] Brachycephaly: Flattening across the back of the head, making it appear wider than usual. […] While this is primarily a cosmetic condition, addressing it early is essential to support your babys overall development and prevent long-term cosmetic concerns. […] Baby helmets, or cranial orthoses, are custom-fitted devices designed to gently reshape your babys head as they grow. […] Helmet therapy typically begins between 4 to 6 months of age when the skull is most malleable. […] In some cases, despite your best efforts, flat head syndrome may not improve naturally. Helmet therapy might be recommended if: The flattening is severe: CVAI of 11% or higher or CI of 100% or higher at the age of 4 months or older, especially if the baby hasnt started rolling over or isnt expected to soon.

• #1 Preventing and Managing Skull Flatness | Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta

  https://www.choa.org/parent-resources/orthopedics/how-to-prevent-a-flat-head

  If a few months of repositioning doesnt improve the shape of their head, your pediatrician may recommend a cranial remolding orthosis, also called a helmet or a band. […] The specialized clinicians in our Cranial Remolding Program can help determine if a helmet is right for them or if continued repositioning, tummy time andin some casesphysical therapy will allow the baby to self-correct.

• #1 Infant and toddler health

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/infant-and-toddler-health/in-depth/healthy-baby/art-20045964

  A baby’s head can look uneven due to: […] The medical name for uneven head shape due to a baby lying in one position depends on the head shape. […] Plagiocephaly, when the back of the baby’s head is flattened on one side. […] Brachycephaly, when the back of the baby’s head is flattened making the skull wider than typical. […] Because a baby’s skull is malleable, a tendency to rest the head in the same position can result in an uneven head shape. The back of the head might look flatter on one side than on the other. This is known as positional plagiocephaly. […] If your baby’s head shape is still uneven by age 5 months, your baby’s healthcare team might suggest a molding helmet or band. These are custom-fitted devices adjusted weekly as the skull shape changes. […] Molding helmets seem to work best for babies ages 3 to 6 months old. At this age, changing the shape of the head may take about 12 weeks. Changing head shape in children up to age 18 months is possible, but the process may take longer.

• #1

• #1

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/Pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=custom.ab_positional_plagio_brachycephaly_inst

  If your baby has a flat spot that is on one side of the back of their head, this is called plagiocephaly. The goal is to keep the flat spot up and out, away from the pressure of resting on firm surfaces. […] If your baby has a flat spot across the back of their head, this is called brachycephaly. The goal for treatment is to take pressure off the back of the head. […] Its important to make sure to get advice from your doctor and a physiotherapist if you notice changes in your babys head shape. Your baby will have the best results if you notice changes early and deal with them right away. […] See your doctor and a physiotherapist for more help if youve been using these positioning strategies consistently and your baby is 5 months or older and still has changes in their head shape.

• #1 Plagiocephaly and brachycephaly – misshapen head

  https://www.rch.org.au/kidsinfo/fact_sheets/Plagiocephaly_and_brachycephaly_-_misshapen_head/

  Plagiocephaly and brachycephaly are common conditions where a babys head is misshapen. […] Some babies are born with a misshapen head; others develop a misshapen head after birth. […] Plagiocephaly and brachycephaly may change a babys physical appearance, but they do not affect brain growth. […] To prevent or help a misshapen head during sleep, lie your baby on its back and alternate its head position. Do not use pillows in the cot. […] If you are worried about your baby’s head shape, talk to your maternal-child health nurse, children’s physiotherapist, or a doctor. […] Plagiocephaly usually improves without treatment if your baby is active and has lots of one-on-one interaction. […] A baby’s head position should change while they are awake and asleep to prevent plagiocephaly and brachycephaly.

• #1

  https://111.wales.nhs.uk/plagiocephalyandbrachycephaly(flatheadsyndrome)/

  Babies sometimes develop a flattened head when they’re a few months old, usually as a result of them spending a lot of time lying on their back. […] In most cases they are not a major cause for concern, as they do not have any effect on the brain and the head shape will often improve by itself over time. […] Speak to your health visitor or GP if you’re concerned about the shape of your baby’s head or think they may have problems turning their head. […] The shape of your baby’s head should improve naturally over time as their skull develops and they start moving their head, rolling around, and crawling. […] If your baby has difficulty turning their head, physiotherapy may help loosen and strengthen their neck muscles. […] Mild flattening of the head will usually improve if you use the simple measures described on this page, although it may be a couple of months before you start to notice an improvement.

• #1 Does your baby need helmet therapy? 5 facts about flat head syndrome | UCLA Health

  https://www.uclahealth.org/news/article/does-your-baby-need-helmet-therapy-5-facts-about-flat-head-syndrome

  In most cases, a flattened head does not affect brain growth or mental development. […] There are several ways to treat flat head syndrome: […] Always consult with your pediatrician before trying any products or techniques claiming to prevent or treat plagiocephaly. […] If you are concerned that your infant may have flat head syndrome, reach out to your childs pediatrician.

• #1 Craniosynostosis | Causes, Symptoms, Types & Treatment | CHOC

  https://choc.org/neuroscience/craniosynostosis/

  Positional plagiocephaly can often be treated by repositioning your baby’s head when they’re laying down. For some babies, physical therapy may be prescribed to help their neck muscles. […] If this does not reverse your baby’s plagiocephaly, a custom helmet may be recommended. Helmet therapy is most effective before 6 months of age, so the earlier treatment can start, the more effective it can be. […] At CHOC, we will assess your baby’s head using a 2-second laser analysis called the STARscanner™, which is eye-safe and radiation-free. You’ll see a pediatric neurosurgeon and a cranial specialist in a single appointment, and we will form a treatment plan with you.

• #1 Plagiocephaly | Boston Children’s Hospital

  https://www.childrenshospital.org/conditions/plagiocephaly

  The Plagiocephaly Clinic at Boston Children’s Hospital is at the forefront of diagnosing and treating plagiocephaly and other craniofacial conditions through our collaborative, multidisciplinary approach to care. […] Plagiocephaly is a treatable condition that causes cosmetic changes in a baby’s skull shape. Plagiocephaly responds well to non-surgical treatments, such as: […] Changes in sleep position […] Offering tummy time during the day […] Exercises or physical therapy […] Helmeting.

• #1 Plagiocephaly | Children’s Hospital Colorado

  https://www.childrenscolorado.org/conditions-and-advice/conditions-and-symptoms/conditions/positional-plagiocephaly/

  Plagiocephaly tends to improve with positioning changes and as babies become more active. Crawling, sitting and pulling to a stand are activities that can help with plagiocephaly. By 14 to 16 months of age, the skull shape usually significantly improves. […] Patients may be referred to our Plagiocephaly Clinic for evaluation, diagnosis and education from providers with specialized training in caring for plagiocephaly. Here, your child will receive specialist consultation, physical therapy or molding helmets. […] Your childs health is at the center of everything we do. Our care and advice are tailored to your childs individual symptoms and your familys needs. You have the support of pediatric experts from multiple specialties, all with training and experience treating plagiocephaly.

• #1 brachycephaly Archives – Acorn Health

  https://acornhealth.org.uk/tag/brachycephaly/

  It’s not just about appearance. Most advice seems to be that once baby’s hair grows out, skull deformities will be “hardly noticeable.” There is a growing body of research which suggests that children with plagiocephaly or brachycephaly need to be monitored for developmental delays or deficits. One study states that “Infants with deformational plagiocephaly comprise a high-risk group for developmental difficulties presenting as subtle problems of cerebral dysfunction during the school-age years.” […] In addition, skull deformities may contribute to headaches, migraines, painful teething, jaw and dental problems. It is therefore recommended that treatment takes place as early as possible, in order to restore normal head shape. […] There are numerous treatment options available, and if you are looking for gentle, non-invasive options for your little one there are several to consider. Hands-on treatment and exercises will help to alleviate the strain to the sternocleidomastoid muscle causing the torticollis and encourage normal neck movement in addition to helping to correct the skull deformation. Monitoring for neurodevelopment problems helps to ensure your baby achieves all their developmental milestones.

• #1 Ottobock | About Plagiocephaly (“Flat Head Syndrome”)

  https://www.ottobock.com/en-us/plagiocephaly

  Plagiocephaly, or flat head syndrome, is when a baby develops a flat area on the front, back, or side of their head. This condition is common in infants, and can be readily treated in several different ways. […] Many infants with positional plagiocephaly will grow out of the condition as they try new sleeping positions and become more active. But in some more severe or untreated cases, flat head syndrome can impact a baby’s body and health in several ways: […] Plagiocephaly can give a child abnormal facial features or an uneven head shape, including bulged eyes or misaligned eyes, ears, teeth, or cheekbones. […] Left uncorrected, an abnormal head or face shape may make it difficult for some children to wear glasses, some sportswear, or protective gear they may need later in life. […] Children with an unusual head shape or facial features may be more at risk for teasing, bullying, or other negative social experiences that may affect their self-esteem, confidence, or emotional wellbeing.

• #1 Brachycephalie bij baby’s begrijpen: Een gids voor ouders

  https://www.skullycare.com/for-parents/brachycephaly-guide-articles/brachycephaly-guide-for-parents

  If you have already tried the three steps and the preference or flatness persists by the time your baby reaches 6 weeks, it may be time to seek professional help. Consult a pediatric physiotherapist specializing in infant care, who can assess your babys head shape and provide targeted exercises or tips to help correct it. […] Early intervention is key to achieving the best outcome. It needs to grow to improve the shape of your babys head, and the most significant growth occurs during the first year. […] With early and consistent attention, many babies can avoid needing helmet therapy altogether. By adjusting their sleeping and resting positions, offering tummy time, and monitoring progress with tools like the Skully Care app, you can help your babys head shape improve naturally.

• #1 Diagnosis and treatment of positional plagiocephaly

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7206465/

  Positional plagiocephaly is increasing in infants for various reasons. It can mostly be diagnosed clinically and by physical examinations, and treated surgically or conservatively. Most of positional plagiocephaly, which is not accompanied by craniosynostosis, is treated conservatively. The helmet therapy has controversy as to when to start and how long to maintain the therapy. However, for the patients with positional plagiocephaly, appropriate helmet therapy, in accordance with their ages, is a very effective treatment to change the shape and position of their head.

• #1 Diagnosis and treatment of positional plagiocephaly

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7206465/

  Plagiocephaly can be classified into two types, plagiocephaly that is followed by craniosynostosis and positional plagiocephaly in the absence of craniosynostosis. In case of plagiocephaly not accompanied by craniosynostosis, the sutures of the skull are normal, and the growth of the skull is often not hindered. However, the skull becomes asymmetrically distorted due to various reasons. The most common shape of the head is flattened on one side on the posterior part of the head. […] Positional plagiocephaly can be defined as deformation and flattening of one side of the head by continuous application of an external force. Such deformation and flattening processes mostly occur in the first few months after birth and are mainly affected by the position of the head. […] Studies have reported that educating the parents on the posture and environment of the infant after birth is beneficial for the prevention of positional plagiocephaly. If positional plagiocephaly is detected at a very early stage (before 2 months after birth) with congenital muscular torticollis, early physical therapy for congenital muscular torticollis is very effective in correcting positional plagiocephaly.

• #1 Plagiocephaly | Boston Children’s Hospital

  https://www.childrenshospital.org/conditions/plagiocephaly

  Plagiocephaly isn’t painful and doesn’t affect a baby’s day-to-day life or abilities. […] Plagiocephaly is treated through non-surgical methods, including: […] Changing your baby’s sleeping and resting positions can help reduce pressure on their skull, which is highly malleable during the first few months of life. […] Many infants with plagiocephaly — especially those born with an imbalance of the neck muscles, such as muscular torticollis — will benefit from exercises to increase neck range of motion. […] Corrective helmets are most effective in infants from 4 to 8 months with moderate to severe head flattening. […] Most babies need to wear the helmet 22 to 23 hours a day for an average of three months but potentially up to their first birthday to benefit most from the treatment.

• #2 Plagiocephaly, Positional Plagiocephaly, Flat Head Syndrome: Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/10691-plagiocephaly-flat-head-syndrome

  Plagiocephaly is an umbrella term used to describe different types of skull deformations, including flat head syndrome, or positional plagiocephaly. Flat head syndrome is a condition in which your babys head is misshapen or develops a flat spot, making their head look like a parallelogram from above. […] Positional plagiocephaly, or flat head syndrome, is a condition in which your infants head develops a flat spot or is misshapen. It usually affects one side of your babys head. This can make your babys head look abnormal or asymmetrical. […] Parents and caregivers should always put babies to sleep on their backs to prevent sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). But when infants spend a lot of time on their backs, they may develop flat head syndrome. Repositioning techniques can help reduce the appearance and effects of flat head syndrome.

• #2 Plagiocephaly (Flat Head Syndrome): Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://parenting.firstcry.com/articles/plagiocephalyflat-head-syndrome-causessymptomstreatment-and-prevention/

  Babies are soft and vulnerable when they are born, and there is still a lot that needs to develop. One of the crucial body parts that need a lot of care is your babys skull. It is known for the babys head to become misshapen during birth because it is not fully developed yet. If this happens to your baby, do not blame yourself! This is called plagiocephaly and is quite common. […] More commonly known as Flat Head Syndrome, plagiocephaly appears as a flattened surface on the back or side of your babys head. It can negatively affect the alignment of the ears, jaws and eyes in severe cases. This usually disappears by the time your baby starts to sit up, at around four months of age. […] Plagiocephaly is the blanket term that is used to cover several different types of Flat Head Syndrome, though it really only refers to the condition where there is a flattening of the side of the head (making the head appear like a parallelogram when viewed from the top).

• #2 Brachycephaly: What It Is, Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/brachycephaly

  Brachycephaly makes the back of your babys head look flat. Its common and most often happens from your baby lying on their back too frequently. Most cases are temporary and go away on their own. But some cases of brachycephaly require surgical treatment. […] Brachycephaly is a type of positional plagiocephaly (flat head syndrome). Its common and usually doesnt cause long-lasting health or developmental issues. Most cases improve naturally or with simple management strategies. […] The main complication of untreated positional brachycephaly is differences in how your babys head looks (aesthetic concerns). This type rarely affects your babys brain development. […] Brachycephaly treatment depends on the type. It could range from changing your babys position to surgery. […] Most cases of positional brachycephaly improve naturally over time as your babys skull develops and they start moving around more. […] Surgery is a necessary treatment for synostotic brachycephaly. It wont go away without it. Surgery usually happens before your childs first birthday. […] After surgery, your baby will likely need helmet therapy. They may need to wear a specially fitted helmet for up to a year after the surgery.

• #2 brachycephaly Archives – Acorn Health

  https://acornhealth.org.uk/tag/brachycephaly/

  Tummy time is of the utmost importance. This helps develop shoulder girdle strength which is important for motor milestones such as crawling and eventually walking. In addition, it reduces the time spent lying on their back. […] Repositioning: This is best started as early as possible and is most effective with babies under four months of age. Alternating the position your baby lies in at night can also help. Babies tend to prefer to face outward into the room, and being creatures of habit we may be tempted to always place them the same end of the crib. As such, routinely changing this is important.

• #2 brachycephaly Archives – Acorn Health

  https://acornhealth.org.uk/tag/brachycephaly/

  Flat head syndrome is a name commonly used to refer to brachycephaly and plagiocephaly- both conditions can also be referred to as “positional skull deformity”. Plagiocephaly is where one side of the back of the head becomes flattened, which may result in the front of the head protruding on the opposite side, and the ears positioned asymmetrically. Brachycephaly is symmetric flattening of the back of the head, which can cause the ears to appear prominent and the head appear wide. […] There has been a significant increase in the number of babies presenting with flat head syndrome possibly due to the introduction of the “Back to Sleep” (now known as “Safe to Sleep”) positioning recommendations aimed at reducing the risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome. Since the early 1990’s parents have been advised to let babies sleep on their backs, and whilst this has been successful in reducing the number of cot deaths, it has lead to an increase in the number of babies with deformational plagiocephaly and brachycephaly.

• #2 Wondering If Your Baby Has a Flat Head? Here’s What You Need To Know About Flat Head Syndrome | Blooming Littles

  https://bloominglittles.com/wondering-if-your-baby-has-a-flat-head-heres-what-you-need-to-know-about-flat-head-syndrome/

  Are you worried your baby has a flat head? Learn exactly how to assess your babys current head shape, plus specific positioning strategies to round it out. You can start rounding it out TODAY with proactive positioning recommendations! Plus, get a free positioning guide that breaks it all down. Wondering about a baby helmet? We cover that too! […] There are several variations of flat head syndrome including plagiocephaly, scaphocephaly, and brachycephaly. […] For the purpose of this post, I want to discuss the more common conditions seen among babies, which are plagiocephaly and brachycephaly. […] Flat head syndrome is all about pressure! […] The development of flat head syndrome among babies today relates to factors in your control AND factors outside of your control like: […] Optimal timing for starting these strategies is between 6 weeks and 6 months old, but there are definitely benefits to starting at birth by being aware of how you position your newborn.

• #2 How Do I Know If My Baby Has a Severe Flat Head?

  https://www.technologyinmotion.com/blog/severe-flat-head

  Argenta has also classified a wide head shape, known as brachycephaly and it is not uncommon to see a combination of plagiocephaly and brachycephaly appearing at the same time. […] As the normal standard deviation chart below demonstrates, treatment is recommended for the most severe five percent of infants, who fall within the moderate and severe ranges. […] If you think your baby may fall into the moderate or severe plagiocephaly scale or would like a professional observation and diagnosis, Technology in Motion is here to help.

• #2 Deformational Plagiocephaly and Brachycephaly | CHP

  https://www.chp.edu/our-services/plastic-surgery/conditions/deformational-plagiocephaly-and-brachycephaly

  Provide supervised Tummy Time when the baby is awake. Tummy Time is one of the most important ways to care for your baby and make your baby strong. Tummy time should be offered many times per day; even 1-2 minutes at a time will begin to make a difference. […] For mild cases of deformational plagiocephaly or brachycephaly, the only recommended treatment is positioning the baby so that he will not lie on the flattened area of the head. For moderate to severe cases, cranial remolding helmet therapy is recommended at the appropriate age. A custom-made helmet is then worn 23 hours a day for approximately 3-6 months. The helmet works by applying gentle firmness to the protruding areas of the head and plenty of open space where there is flattening. This allows room for improvement by capturing growth spurts to fill in the flattened side of the head as the baby grows.

• #2 Plagiocephaly or flat head in babies | Raising Children Network

  https://raisingchildren.net.au/newborns/health-daily-care/health-concerns/plagiocephaly

  Often, mild plagiocephaly doesnt need treatment. Its likely to fix itself as your baby grows. […] If your baby needs treatment, your GP or nurse might recommend you see a paediatric physiotherapist, paediatrician or plastic surgeon, wholl develop a treatment plan. […] For severe plagiocephaly, your specialist might recommend that your child wears a specially fitted helmet, which takes the pressure off the flat spot and allows your childs head shape to change as their head grows. […] There are several things you can do to prevent your baby from developing plagiocephaly: Try to alternate your babys head position between right and left when theyre sleeping on their back. […] When your baby is awake, give them tummy time or time on their side during supervised play.

• #2 Brachycephaly Treating | Flat Head Syndrome – Nabta Health

  https://nabtahealth.com/article/brachycephaly-treating-flat-head-syndrome/?srsltid=AfmBOoreiGtEXEn7ZNfn7BTOaUV6ikEnJ2ql35N7HCYpeck7xb8ZOcgH

  Your pediatrician will examine for positional skull deformities. They will notice head shape and any head tilt preference. A baby with early brachycephaly will respond well to positioning changes. Limiting time spent in car seats and bouncers can also help. Tight neck muscles can be gently stretched with mild exercises suggested by a doctor. At times, pediatricians refer children to a physical therapist to assess the neck and work with the family to improve head shape. When brachycephaly is noted early, treatment is very effective. […] In severe cases where the features of the face or ears are affected, helmet therapy may be indicated. However, this is much less common today than in the past. Rarely, babies with brachycephaly caused by premature fusion of the sutures of the head (craniosynostosis) require surgery.

• #2 Brachycephalie bij baby’s begrijpen: Een gids voor ouders

  https://www.skullycare.com/for-parents/brachycephaly-guide-articles/brachycephaly-guide-for-parents

  If you have already tried the three steps and the preference or flatness persists by the time your baby reaches 6 weeks, it may be time to seek professional help. Consult a pediatric physiotherapist specializing in infant care, who can assess your babys head shape and provide targeted exercises or tips to help correct it. […] Early intervention is key to achieving the best outcome. It needs to grow to improve the shape of your babys head, and the most significant growth occurs during the first year. […] With early and consistent attention, many babies can avoid needing helmet therapy altogether. By adjusting their sleeping and resting positions, offering tummy time, and monitoring progress with tools like the Skully Care app, you can help your babys head shape improve naturally.

• #2

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/Pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=custom.ab_positional_plagio_brachycephaly_inst

  If your baby has a flat spot that is on one side of the back of their head, this is called plagiocephaly. The goal is to keep the flat spot up and out, away from the pressure of resting on firm surfaces. […] If your baby has a flat spot across the back of their head, this is called brachycephaly. The goal for treatment is to take pressure off the back of the head. […] Its important to make sure to get advice from your doctor and a physiotherapist if you notice changes in your babys head shape. Your baby will have the best results if you notice changes early and deal with them right away. […] See your doctor and a physiotherapist for more help if youve been using these positioning strategies consistently and your baby is 5 months or older and still has changes in their head shape.

• #2 Helmet Treatment for Babies: Why the Controversy?

  https://www.technologyinmotion.com/blog/helmet-treatment-for-babies-why-the-controversy

  By contrast, 94.4% of infants using a helmet as first-line therapy achieved correction, as did 96.1% of those who received helmets after failed repositioning. […] If the deformity progresses or fails to improve after a month of repositioning, or if the child is over 5 months of age, it is doubtful that it will spontaneously resolve later. […] Baby helmet therapy requires active growth to bring about correction and 4 to 7 months is the ideal age to start treatment. […] If there is a deformity and it is not self-correcting after five months, it won’t significantly improve spontaneously. Helmet therapy is indicated if the parents are concerned. […] Once the infant reaches 14 months of age, it is too late to intervene with baby helmet therapy. Any remaining deformity becomes permanent and surgery is the only option to remedy this.

• #2 Redressiehelmen gids | Skully Care

  https://www.skullycare.com/for-parents/cranial-helmet-guide-for-parents/baby-helmets-for-flat-head-syndrome-guide

  Flat head syndrome, medically known as plagiocephaly, brachycephaly or scaphocephaly, affects approximately 15% of infants about 102,000 babies annually in the US alone. […] The most common types of flat head syndrome are: Plagiocephaly: Flattening on one side of the head. […] Brachycephaly: Flattening across the back of the head, making it appear wider than usual. […] While this is primarily a cosmetic condition, addressing it early is essential to support your babys overall development and prevent long-term cosmetic concerns. […] Baby helmets, or cranial orthoses, are custom-fitted devices designed to gently reshape your babys head as they grow. […] Helmet therapy typically begins between 4 to 6 months of age when the skull is most malleable. […] In some cases, despite your best efforts, flat head syndrome may not improve naturally. Helmet therapy might be recommended if: The flattening is severe: CVAI of 11% or higher or CI of 100% or higher at the age of 4 months or older, especially if the baby hasnt started rolling over or isnt expected to soon.

• #2 Plagiocephaly (Flat Head Syndrome) | OHSU

  https://www.ohsu.edu/doernbecher/plagiocephaly-flat-head-syndrome

  In many babies, the shape of the head will correct itself within two years. Often this happens when your child begins to sit up. Positional or helmet therapy may help. […] Our experts will work with you to create a treatment plan for your child. Positional therapy techniques may include: […] If your babys plagiocephaly is moderate to severe, we may recommend using a helmet or headband to reshape their skull. Helmet therapy may also help if positional therapy hasnt worked. […] We provide complete care for plagiocephaly, including follow-up care with a nurse practitioner and physical therapists who specialize in this condition. If your baby needs ongoing physical therapy, we will help you find a physical therapist close to your home. […] If we recommend positional therapy for your child, you can meet with physical therapists to learn and practice techniques. Our physical therapists are always available to answer questions. […] If your child needs a helmet, our nurse practitioner and a physical therapist will support you in managing this therapy.

• #2 Flat head syndrome (positional plagiocephaly and brachycephaly): Treatment with a corrective helmet

  https://www.aboutkidshealth.ca/plagiocephalytreatment

  The Childrens Orthotics Clinic is proud to offer both thermo-molded and 3D-printed orthotic helmets. […] Your orthotist will discuss the benefits of each and which style may best suit your child and their head shape presentation. […] In Ontario, OHIP does not cover any of the cost of the corrective helmet; however, most extended health insurance plans may cover all or a portion depending on your coverage.

• #2 Nonsynostotic plagiocephaly: a child health care intervention in Skaraborg, Sweden | BMC Pediatrics | Full Text

  https://bmcpediatr.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12887-019-1405-y

  The aim was to evaluate the interventions effect on prevention and reversal of nonsynostotic plagiocephaly. […] The intervention contributed to early reversal and reducing infants risk for persistent asymmetry. […] Preventing brachycephaly was difficult. […] Nonsynostotic plagiocephaly falls into three main groups: plagiocephaly – skewed occipital flattening, brachycephaly – symmetric occipital flattening, and combined plagiocephaly/brachycephaly. […] In a study of 129 children diagnosed with NSP in infancy and whose parents had been given information on counter-positioning strategies, 39% had not reverted to the normal range of symmetry at mean age of four years. […] In a randomized controlled trial (RTC), researchers reported that educating parents on unhindered physical movement within 72h postpartum in addition to regular recommendations significantly reduced the prevalence and severity of NSP at three months.

• #2

  https://111.wales.nhs.uk/plagiocephalyandbrachycephaly(flatheadsyndrome)/

  Babies sometimes develop a flattened head when they’re a few months old, usually as a result of them spending a lot of time lying on their back. […] In most cases they are not a major cause for concern, as they do not have any effect on the brain and the head shape will often improve by itself over time. […] Speak to your health visitor or GP if you’re concerned about the shape of your baby’s head or think they may have problems turning their head. […] The shape of your baby’s head should improve naturally over time as their skull develops and they start moving their head, rolling around, and crawling. […] If your baby has difficulty turning their head, physiotherapy may help loosen and strengthen their neck muscles. […] Mild flattening of the head will usually improve if you use the simple measures described on this page, although it may be a couple of months before you start to notice an improvement.

• #2 Positional plagiocephaly in babies: signs, causes & indian tips

  https://heloa.app/en-in/blog/0-12-months/health/positional-plagiocephaly

  The vast majority of cases are cosmetic, not functional. A minority, when left untreated and accompanied by other physical issues (like stubborn neck stiffness), might show slight delays in rolling, crawling, or balance. Worries about brain development or intelligence? To date, extensive research reassures positional plagiocephaly does not impact cognitive, language, or intellectual progress. […] Is prevention possible? Absolutely. Even simple changes ripple towards a rounder head shape: Back-sleeping remains essential for SIDS prevention. But alternate which way your babys head faces during each nap. […] Simple, persistent at-home measures unlock progress in the majority of cases. Coupled with routine tummy time and position changes during sleep and play, the head gradually rounds out as motor milestones are reached.

• #2 Diagnosis and treatment of positional plagiocephaly

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7206465/

  Conservative treatments involve a variety of treatments, such as change of positions, physiotherapy, massage therapy, and helmet therapy. Promising outcomes can be achieved from conservative treatments when the treatments are initiated at an early stage of the disease due to the plasticity of the cranium and cranial sutures of the infants. […] Many studies have reported the use of external braces for the treatment of positional plagiocephaly. External braces include helmet orthosis, cranial orthosis, cranial orthotic device, and orthotic headbands, which are known to be very effective for the correction of the asymmetrical shape of the head. […] The minimum age of patients eligible for helmet treatment is not defined, and helmet treatment should be initiated before the infants can control their head movements. Helmet treatment is more effective if it is performed at an early stage of development of the head, and the treatment should begin when the skull is rapidly growing.

• #2 Diagnosis and treatment of positional plagiocephaly

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7206465/

  However, most studies report that better results are obtained when helmet therapy begins sooner. In particular, many studies also report that the effect of helmet therapy is stronger when helmet therapy is performed in combination with posture changing and physiotherapy for congenital torticollis. Therefore, age-appropriate treatment is recommended for patients with positional plagiocephaly. […] The complications of helmet therapy, although very rare, include (1) inadequate correction due to a poorly fitting helmet, (2) damage to the skin at the site of application of pressure by the helmet, (3) damage to the scalp and temporary hair loss at the site of application of pressure by the helmet, (4) contact allergic reaction of the skin depending on the material of the helmet. […] Surgical treatment is very effective in cases of plagiocephaly with craniosynostosis, and various surgical methods are available. However, many studies report that, since there are many cases of recurrence and changes in the shape of the skull after surgery, helmet treatment after surgical treatment, such as craniotomy and distraction osteogenesis of the cranium, is beneficial.

• #2 Plagiocephaly | Children’s Hospital Colorado

  https://www.childrenscolorado.org/conditions-and-advice/conditions-and-symptoms/conditions/positional-plagiocephaly/

  Plagiocephaly tends to improve with positioning changes and as babies become more active. Crawling, sitting and pulling to a stand are activities that can help with plagiocephaly. By 14 to 16 months of age, the skull shape usually significantly improves. […] Patients may be referred to our Plagiocephaly Clinic for evaluation, diagnosis and education from providers with specialized training in caring for plagiocephaly. Here, your child will receive specialist consultation, physical therapy or molding helmets. […] Your childs health is at the center of everything we do. Our care and advice are tailored to your childs individual symptoms and your familys needs. You have the support of pediatric experts from multiple specialties, all with training and experience treating plagiocephaly.

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