Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Herpes – STI Treatment Guidelines

  https://www.cdc.gov/std/treatment-guidelines/herpes.htm

  Genital herpes is a chronic, lifelong viral infection. […] Management of genital HSV should address the chronic nature of the infection rather than focusing solely on treating acute episodes of genital lesions. […] Antiviral medication offers clinical benefits to symptomatic patients and is the mainstay of management. The goals for use of antiviral medications to treat genital herpes infection are to treat or prevent symptomatic genital herpes recurrences and improve quality of life and suppress the virus to prevent transmission to sexual partners. […] Systemic antiviral drugs can partially control the signs and symptoms of genital herpes when used to treat first clinical and recurrent episodes or when used as daily suppressive therapy. […] Randomized trials have indicated that three FDA-approved antiviral medications provide clinical benefit for genital herpes: acyclovir, valacyclovir, and famciclovir.

• #2 Genital Herpes: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Prevention

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/genital-herpes

  Genital herpes is a common infection that causes sores or blisters on your genitals. […] Although there isn’t a cure for herpes, there are ways to prevent its spread and treat outbreaks. […] Taking medication can help your symptoms and lower the risk of spreading the infection. […] Using a condom, taking medication and avoiding sexual intercourse when you have a genital herpes outbreak can prevent you from giving it to your partner. […] There isn’t a cure for genital herpes. But there are ways to treat active genital herpes outbreaks and manage the symptoms it causes. You should avoid sexual contact until genital herpes sores have completely healed. […] Your healthcare provider may prescribe antiviral medications like valacyclovir (Valtrex) or acyclovir (Zovirax) to help manage symptoms of genital herpes. These medications can: Reduce the severity of symptoms in future outbreaks. Lower the frequency of recurrent genital herpes outbreaks. Reduce the risk of spreading genital herpes to others. Help genital herpes sores heal more quickly.

• #3 Herpes – STI Treatment Guidelines

  https://www.cdc.gov/std/treatment-guidelines/herpes.htm

  Genital herpes is a chronic, lifelong viral infection. […] Management of genital HSV should address the chronic nature of the infection rather than focusing solely on treating acute episodes of genital lesions. […] Antiviral medication offers clinical benefits to symptomatic patients and is the mainstay of management. The goals for use of antiviral medications to treat genital herpes infection are to treat or prevent symptomatic genital herpes recurrences and improve quality of life and suppress the virus to prevent transmission to sexual partners. […] Systemic antiviral drugs can partially control the signs and symptoms of genital herpes when used to treat first clinical and recurrent episodes or when used as daily suppressive therapy. […] Randomized trials have indicated that three FDA-approved antiviral medications provide clinical benefit for genital herpes: acyclovir, valacyclovir, and famciclovir.

• #4 Genital herpes – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/genital-herpes/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20356167

  Your health care provider can usually make a diagnosis of genital herpes based on a physical exam and a history of your sexual activity. […] To confirm a diagnosis, your provider will likely take a sample from an active sore. One or more tests of these samples are used to see if you have herpes simplex virus (HSV), infection and show whether the infection is HSV-1 or HSV-2. […] There’s no cure for genital herpes. Treatment with prescription antiviral pills may be used for the following: Help sores heal during a first outbreak, Lower the frequency of recurrent outbreaks, Lessen the severity and duration of symptoms in recurrent outbreaks, Reduce the chance of passing the herpes virus to a partner. […] Commonly prescribed medicines used for genital herpes include: Acyclovir (Zovirax), Famciclovir, Valacyclovir (Valtrex).

• #5 Herpes – STI Treatment Guidelines

  https://www.cdc.gov/std/treatment-guidelines/herpes.htm

  Genital herpes is a chronic, lifelong viral infection. […] Management of genital HSV should address the chronic nature of the infection rather than focusing solely on treating acute episodes of genital lesions. […] Antiviral medication offers clinical benefits to symptomatic patients and is the mainstay of management. The goals for use of antiviral medications to treat genital herpes infection are to treat or prevent symptomatic genital herpes recurrences and improve quality of life and suppress the virus to prevent transmission to sexual partners. […] Systemic antiviral drugs can partially control the signs and symptoms of genital herpes when used to treat first clinical and recurrent episodes or when used as daily suppressive therapy. […] Randomized trials have indicated that three FDA-approved antiviral medications provide clinical benefit for genital herpes: acyclovir, valacyclovir, and famciclovir.

• #6 Patient education: Genital herpes (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/genital-herpes-beyond-the-basics

  Genital herpes treatment can be managed with antiviral drug therapy and self-care measures. […] Three antiviral medications are used to treat genital herpes: acyclovir, famciclovir, and valacyclovir. […] The first episode of genital herpes is generally treated with 7 to 10 days of one antiviral medication, taken by mouth. […] Episodic therapy is a treatment strategy of taking antiviral medicines only when outbreaks occur. […] Suppressive therapy is antiviral treatment that is taken every day to prevent outbreaks. […] The advantage of suppressive therapy is that it decreases the frequency and duration of recurrences, and can reduce the risk of transmitting HSV to an uninfected sex partner. […] It is not necessary to treat a recurrent episode of genital herpes. […] Many people with recurrent herpes are unsure which treatment regimen (episodic or daily suppression) is right for them. […] In addition to antiviral medications, local treatments may be used to relieve the pain of a herpes outbreak.

• #7 Herpes Simplex Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Medical Care, Consultations

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/218580-treatment

  The antivirals (oral, intravenous and topical) acyclovir, valacyclovir, famciclovir and pensiclovir are well established treatments for both HSV-1 and HSV-2. They all act by interfering with the viral DNA polymerase and hence, viral genome replication. […] Overall, medical treatment of herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection is centered around specific antiviral treatment. […] While the same medications are active against HSV-1 and HSV-2, the location of the lesions and the chronicity (primary or reactivation) of the infection dictate the dosage and frequency of medication. Topical treatments do not appear to be as effective as systemic medications. […] Antivirals are effective when taken within 72 hours of lesion appearance in genital herpes. Anticipatory treatment is also recommended in situations where decreasing viral shedding decreases the likelihood of infecting seronegative individuals with the virus. Appropriate wound care is needed, and treatment for secondary bacterial skin infections may be required.

• #8 Genital herpes – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/genital-herpes/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20356167

  Your health care provider will talk to you about the right treatment for you. Treatment depends on the severity of disease, the type of HSV, your sexual activity and other medical factors. The dose will vary depending on whether you currently have symptoms. Long-term use of the antiviral drugs is considered safe.

• #9 Genital herpes: Diagnosis and treatment

  https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/a-z/genital-herpes-treatment

  How is genital herpes treated? There is no cure for genital herpes, but treatment can help. Self-care can relieve symptoms and help sores heal. Medicine can shorten an outbreak and also relieve symptoms. […] To treat genital herpes, your dermatologist may prescribe one of these antiviral medicines: Acyclovir, Famciclovir, Penciclovir, Valacyclovir. Taking medicine is recommended for anyone who has a weakened immune system. With a weakened immune system, your body will likely need help to get rid of sores and symptoms. Without medicine, sores may not clear and symptoms can linger. You should continue taking the medicine until all sores have completely healed. […] Medicine works best when started within 24 hours of getting a herpes sore. […] For some people, taking an antiviral medicine every day works best because they have: Frequent outbreaks, A partner who doesn’t have the virus.

• #10 Genital herpes: Learn More – What are the treatment options for genital herpes? – InformedHealth.org – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK525771/

  Genital herpes may clear up on its own. But the symptoms are often more severe the first time you have an outbreak. These include a painful rash in the genital area, and fever. Most people then use antiviral medication to relieve the symptoms and prevent complications. These medications include acyclovir, famciclovir and valaciclovir. […] Treatment with antiviral medication is a good idea the very first time people have an outbreak of genital herpes. Later outbreaks are often milder, and then medication isn’t always needed. Preventive treatment may be considered if the outbreaks are frequent. […] Antiviral medications can help to control the symptoms and shorten the duration of initial herpes outbreaks by 2 to 4 days. The treatment of an initial outbreak should be started within the first three days the earlier, the better.

• #11 Aciclovir Tablets | Genital Herpes Treatment | LloydsPharmacy Online Doctor UK

  https://onlinedoctor.lloydspharmacy.com/uk/sti-treatments/genital-herpes-treatment

  This genital herpes treatment is an oral antiviral tablet containing the active ingredient Aciclovir. […] Effective in treating genital herpes outbreaks. […] Aciclovir tablets are used to treat genital herpes outbreaks and symptoms. […] Aciclovir is an antiviral that works to prevent the herpes virus from multiplying. This reduces the severity of the infection. Although no treatment will fully cure herpes it can help to manage outbreaks. Making them shorter and less uncomfortable. […] Start taking Aciclovir as soon as you feel an outbreak starting. […] If taken within 5 days of the start of an outbreak, Aciclovir should shorten your outbreak by 1-2 days and make the symptoms less severe. It might even prevent the outbreak if taken early enough. […] This treatment does not affect how often you get future outbreaks, or how severe they will be. However, you can minimise the inconvenience and discomfort of the outbreaks by considering herpes suppression treatment. […] We can prescribe a local anaesthetic gel, Instillagel, which can be used alongside Aciclovir to help reduce the pain of genital herpes outbreaks. […] If you have more than 6 outbreaks of herpes each year, you may be suitable for suppressive treatment.

• #12 Treatment Options for Herpes Infections

  https://www.ashasexualhealth.org/herpes-treatment/

  Treatment for Genital Herpes: While there is no cure for herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections, there are various treatment options available that can help manage symptoms and control outbreaks. There are three antiviral medications that are FDA-approved for the treatment of genital herpes: Acyclovir, Valacyclovir, and Famciclovir. Antiviral medication is commonly prescribed for patients having a first episode of genital herpes, but they can be used for recurrent episodes as well. There are two kinds of treatment regimens: episodic therapy and suppressive therapy. […] Episodic Therapy: In this approach, a person begins taking medication at the first sign of an outbreak and continues taking medication for several days, in order to speed healing or even prevent an outbreak from fully occurring. All three of the antiviral treatments mentioned above have been proven to help shorten the amount of time that a person may experience symptoms of herpes.

• #13 Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV): Types Symptoms, & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22855-herpes-simplex

  Herpes simplex virus (HSV) causes oral herpes, genital herpes and infections in other areas of your body. […] Antiviral medications can treat single outbreaks or help you manage HSV long-term. […] Theres no cure for HSV. But treatments can help make outbreaks more manageable while lowering the chances that youll spread the virus to others. […] Prescription antiviral medications are the main treatment for HSV infections. […] Treatment for oral and genital herpes falls into two categories: episodic therapy and chronic suppressive therapy. […] Episodic therapy can: […] Make symptoms less severe. […] Help pain go away faster. […] Help sores heal faster. […] Lower the amount of virus that sheds from your skin. […] Chronic suppressive therapy can: […] Lower the number of outbreaks you experience by 70% to 80%. […] Make symptoms less severe. […] Reduce viral shedding when you dont have symptoms. This may help protect sexual partners.

• #14 Treatment Options for Herpes Infections

  https://www.ashasexualhealth.org/herpes-treatment/

  Treatment for Genital Herpes: While there is no cure for herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections, there are various treatment options available that can help manage symptoms and control outbreaks. There are three antiviral medications that are FDA-approved for the treatment of genital herpes: Acyclovir, Valacyclovir, and Famciclovir. Antiviral medication is commonly prescribed for patients having a first episode of genital herpes, but they can be used for recurrent episodes as well. There are two kinds of treatment regimens: episodic therapy and suppressive therapy. […] Episodic Therapy: In this approach, a person begins taking medication at the first sign of an outbreak and continues taking medication for several days, in order to speed healing or even prevent an outbreak from fully occurring. All three of the antiviral treatments mentioned above have been proven to help shorten the amount of time that a person may experience symptoms of herpes.

• #15 Treatment Options for Managing Genital Herpes

  https://www.webmd.com/genital-herpes/genital-herpes-treatment-options

  Your doctor may prescribe an antiviral drug for you to keep on hand in case you have another flare-up; this is called intermittent therapy. You can take the pills for two to five days as soon as you notice sores or when you feel an outbreak coming on. […] If you have outbreaks often, you may want to consider taking an antiviral drug every day. Doctors call this suppressive therapy. For someone who has more than six outbreaks a year, suppressive therapy can reduce the number of outbreaks by 70% to 80%. Many people who take the antiviral drugs daily have no outbreaks at all. […] Taking daily suppressive therapy may also reduce the risk of transmitting the virus to a sex partner. Antiviral drugs reduce viral shedding, when the virus makes new copies of itself on the skin’s surface. […] A study published in the New England Journal of Medicine in 2004 found that daily doses of valacyclovir protected sex partners of those with genital herpes from being infected. […] Side effects with these herpes drugs are considered mild, and health experts believe these drugs are safe in the long term. […] People taking suppressive therapy should see their doctor at least once a year to decide if they should continue.

• #16 Genital herpes: Learn More – What are the treatment options for genital herpes? – InformedHealth.org – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK525771/

  But antiviral medication can also shorten the duration of later outbreaks by an average of about two days. If you decide to have treatment, its important to start it within the first 24 hours of the outbreak ideally, as soon as you notice the first symptoms. […] Some people have outbreaks of genital herpes very often or experience especially severe symptoms. Then it may be a good idea to take antiviral medication for a longer time including during symptom-free phases. The goal is to prevent further outbreaks and to keep the symptoms from becoming so severe. […] Research shows that preventive treatment can considerably lower the risk of further outbreaks. […] Antiviral medications are considered to be very safe. They are nearly always well tolerated because the active ingredients only have an effect in cells that have been infected by the virus. […] Topical (externally applied) antiviral treatments such as creams or ointments don’t provide any relief, but they can increase the risk of viral resistance. Experts advise against using topical treatments for genital herpes.

• #17 Genital herpes – self-care: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000653.htm

  It is normal to be worried after finding out that you have genital herpes. But know that you are not alone. Millions of people carry the virus. Although there is no cure, genital herpes can be treated. Follow your health care provider’s instructions for treatment and follow-up. […] Genital herpes cannot be cured. Antiviral medicine (acyclovir and related drugs) may relieve pain and discomfort and help the outbreak go away faster. It may also reduce the number of outbreaks. Follow your provider’s instructions about how to take this medicine if it has been prescribed. There are two ways to take it: […] Consider taking antiviral medicine daily to keep outbreaks from developing. […] You may also want to consider getting your partner tested even if they have never had an outbreak. If you both have the herpes virus, there is no risk for transmission.

• #18 Herpes treatment guidelines – Melbourne Sexual Health Centre (MSHC)

  https://www.mshc.org.au/health-professionals/treatment-guidelines/herpes-treatment-guidelines

  Aciclovir 400 mg PO, 3 times a day for 7-10 days […] Valaciclovir 500 mg PO, twice daily for 7-10 days […] Treatment with antiviral medications is most effective when started early, but there are benefits with initiating treatment well after the onset of symptoms. […] Offer lignocaine 2% jelly or LMX4 cream topically. […] Education and counselling for psychosocial effects of reactivation and reoccurrences. […] Famciclovir 1g PO stat and repeated in 12 hours […] Valaciclovir 500 mg PO, twice daily for 5 days […] Aciclovir 800 mg PO, three times a day for 2 days […] Patients who have frequent recurrences (10 or more per year) may require valaciclovir 500 mg tablets bd or 1g daily. […] All patients should be given information on advantages and disadvantages of suppressive therapy in the context of their overall clinical care.

• #19 Treatment Options for Herpes Infections

  https://www.ashasexualhealth.org/herpes-treatment/

  Suppressive Therapy: People with genital herpes who want to eliminate outbreaks can take antiviral medication daily to hold HSV in check so that it’s less likely to flare up and cause symptoms. For individuals who have frequent recurrences, studies have shown that suppressive therapy can reduce the number of outbreaks by at least 75% while the medication is being taken. […] Suppressive therapy has been studied in thousands of patients and it appears to be both safe and effective.

• #20 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR TREATMENT OF GENITAL HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS – WHO Guidelines for the Treatment of Genital Herpes Simplex Virus – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK396233/

  WHO Guidelines for the Treatment of Genital Herpes Simplex Virus. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2016. […] For adults and adolescents with a first clinical episode of genital HSV infection, the WHO STI guideline recommends treatment over no treatment. […] For adults and adolescents with a first clinical episode of genital HSV infection, the WHO STI guideline suggests a standard dose of aciclovir over valaciclovir or famciclovir. […] For adults and adolescents with a recurrent clinical episode of genital HSV infection, the WHO STI guideline suggests treatment over no treatment. […] For adults and adolescents with a recurrent clinical episode of genital HSV infection, the WHO STI guideline suggests the use of aciclovir over valaciclovir or famciclovir. […] For adults and adolescents with recurrent clinical episodes of genital HSV infection that are frequent, severe or cause distress, the WHO STI guideline suggests suppressive therapy over episodic therapy, and reassessment after one year. […] For adults and adolescents with recurrent clinical episodes of genital HSV infection that are frequent, severe or cause distress, the WHO STI guideline suggests aciclovir over valaciclovir or famciclovir for suppressive therapy.

• #21 Treatment Options for Managing Genital Herpes

  https://www.webmd.com/genital-herpes/genital-herpes-treatment-options

  Your doctor may prescribe an antiviral drug for you to keep on hand in case you have another flare-up; this is called intermittent therapy. You can take the pills for two to five days as soon as you notice sores or when you feel an outbreak coming on. […] If you have outbreaks often, you may want to consider taking an antiviral drug every day. Doctors call this suppressive therapy. For someone who has more than six outbreaks a year, suppressive therapy can reduce the number of outbreaks by 70% to 80%. Many people who take the antiviral drugs daily have no outbreaks at all. […] Taking daily suppressive therapy may also reduce the risk of transmitting the virus to a sex partner. Antiviral drugs reduce viral shedding, when the virus makes new copies of itself on the skin’s surface. […] A study published in the New England Journal of Medicine in 2004 found that daily doses of valacyclovir protected sex partners of those with genital herpes from being infected. […] Side effects with these herpes drugs are considered mild, and health experts believe these drugs are safe in the long term. […] People taking suppressive therapy should see their doctor at least once a year to decide if they should continue.

• #22 Genital herpes: Diagnosis and treatment

  https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/a-z/genital-herpes-treatment

  Taken daily, this medicine can reduce how often you have an outbreak. Studies show it’s safe to take daily and can reduce outbreaks by 70% to 80%. […] If your partner doesn’t have the virus that causes genital herpes, taking an antiviral medicine every day can decrease the risk of passing the virus to your sexual partner. […] If you decide to take medicine daily, you’ll likely take it every day for at least one year. At the end of one year, your dermatologist (or other doctor) should re-evaluate you to see if you still need to take an antiviral every day.

• #23 Treatment options for genital herpes

  https://www.herpes.org.nz/living-with-herpes/treatment-options

  Studies have proven that continuous suppressive antiviral therapy can dramatically reduce the frequency of outbreaks, or prevent them altogether, and reduces the risk of asymptomatic shedding, normally 2% to 5% of days per year, by 75%. […] Suppressive antiviral therapy is suitable for you if any of the following applies to you: You want to reduce the risk of transmission to your sexual partner/s; You are having frequent recurrences; You have less frequent but particularly severe or long lasting outbreaks. […] Valaciclovir is the recommended treatment for suppressive therapy in New Zealand. […] Suppressive antiviral therapy has also been shown to reduce viral shedding between episodes and therefore may help reduce the risk of transmitting the virus to sexual partners. […] Valaciclovir does not eliminate the herpes virus from the body and therefore a course of valaciclovir will not provide a cure, but assists in the management of the infection.

• #24 Treatment Options for Managing Genital Herpes

  https://www.webmd.com/genital-herpes/genital-herpes-treatment-options

  Your doctor may prescribe an antiviral drug for you to keep on hand in case you have another flare-up; this is called intermittent therapy. You can take the pills for two to five days as soon as you notice sores or when you feel an outbreak coming on. […] If you have outbreaks often, you may want to consider taking an antiviral drug every day. Doctors call this suppressive therapy. For someone who has more than six outbreaks a year, suppressive therapy can reduce the number of outbreaks by 70% to 80%. Many people who take the antiviral drugs daily have no outbreaks at all. […] Taking daily suppressive therapy may also reduce the risk of transmitting the virus to a sex partner. Antiviral drugs reduce viral shedding, when the virus makes new copies of itself on the skin’s surface. […] A study published in the New England Journal of Medicine in 2004 found that daily doses of valacyclovir protected sex partners of those with genital herpes from being infected. […] Side effects with these herpes drugs are considered mild, and health experts believe these drugs are safe in the long term. […] People taking suppressive therapy should see their doctor at least once a year to decide if they should continue.

• #25 Treatment of Common Cutaneous Herpes Simplex Virus Infections | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2000/0315/p1697.html

  Acyclovir has been used to suppress recurrences of genital herpes, decreasing the frequency by as much as 80 percent and preventing recurrence by as much as 45 percent of patients. […] Large, randomized, double-blind trials have shown famciclovir and valacyclovir to be as effective as acyclovir in suppressing recurrent genital herpes. Valacyclovir has the advantage of once-daily dosing. Famciclovir, despite its favorable intracellular pharmacokinetics, must be given twice daily to be effective. […] Recurrences of herpes are often mild and infrequent, and most patients do not seek treatment. Drug therapy to prevent recurrences is available and effective, but because of cost and inconvenience issues, it is traditionally reserved for use in patients who have more than six outbreaks per year. Suppressive therapy in these patients is intended to reduce the frequency and severity of herpes symptoms, decrease the transmission of HSV to sexual partners and infants of infected mothers, and decrease the transmission of associated viral diseases (i.e., HIV). Unfortunately, only the first goal has yet proved to be attainable.

• #26 Herpes Simplex Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Medical Care, Consultations

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/218580-treatment

  The best approach is to determine the frequency and severity of recurrent infections and the patient’s preference concerning prophylaxis. Options for long-term suppressive therapy include acyclovir 400 mg orally twice daily or valacyclovir 500 mg orally twice daily for up to a year, with reassessment at the end of therapy.

• #27 Genital herpes: Diagnosis and treatment

  https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/a-z/genital-herpes-treatment

  Taken daily, this medicine can reduce how often you have an outbreak. Studies show it’s safe to take daily and can reduce outbreaks by 70% to 80%. […] If your partner doesn’t have the virus that causes genital herpes, taking an antiviral medicine every day can decrease the risk of passing the virus to your sexual partner. […] If you decide to take medicine daily, you’ll likely take it every day for at least one year. At the end of one year, your dermatologist (or other doctor) should re-evaluate you to see if you still need to take an antiviral every day.

• #28 Genital herpes simplex virus (HSV) | STI Guidelines Australia

  https://sti.guidelines.org.au/sexually-transmissible-infections/genital-herpes-simplex-virus-hsv/

  Review the need for suppressive therapy 6 monthly as recurrences usually become less frequent and less severe with time. […] Those with frequent recurrences may require higher doses. […] Ongoing symptoms, despite antiviral treatment, should prompt consideration of other causes of genital symptoms.

• #29 Genital Herpes: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Prevention

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/genital-herpes

  It depends on if it’s your first outbreak or a recurring outbreak. Your first outbreak tends to last longer than recurrent outbreaks. You can expect to have symptoms of a first outbreak for up to four weeks. In subsequent outbreaks, your symptoms may go away after two weeks. […] No. Once you have HSV, the virus that causes genital herpes, you have it for life. […] If you’re pregnant and have genital herpes, you should start a daily antiviral at 36 weeks of pregnancy to prevent outbreaks during delivery. […] Treatment with antiviral medication can ease your symptoms, reduce outbreaks and protect sexual partners from infection.

• #30 Herpes Simplex Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Medical Care, Consultations

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/218580-treatment

  The antivirals (oral, intravenous and topical) acyclovir, valacyclovir, famciclovir and pensiclovir are well established treatments for both HSV-1 and HSV-2. They all act by interfering with the viral DNA polymerase and hence, viral genome replication. […] Overall, medical treatment of herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection is centered around specific antiviral treatment. […] While the same medications are active against HSV-1 and HSV-2, the location of the lesions and the chronicity (primary or reactivation) of the infection dictate the dosage and frequency of medication. Topical treatments do not appear to be as effective as systemic medications. […] Antivirals are effective when taken within 72 hours of lesion appearance in genital herpes. Anticipatory treatment is also recommended in situations where decreasing viral shedding decreases the likelihood of infecting seronegative individuals with the virus. Appropriate wound care is needed, and treatment for secondary bacterial skin infections may be required.

• #31 Genital Herpes: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Prevention

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/genital-herpes

  Genital herpes is a common infection that causes sores or blisters on your genitals. […] Although there isn’t a cure for herpes, there are ways to prevent its spread and treat outbreaks. […] Taking medication can help your symptoms and lower the risk of spreading the infection. […] Using a condom, taking medication and avoiding sexual intercourse when you have a genital herpes outbreak can prevent you from giving it to your partner. […] There isn’t a cure for genital herpes. But there are ways to treat active genital herpes outbreaks and manage the symptoms it causes. You should avoid sexual contact until genital herpes sores have completely healed. […] Your healthcare provider may prescribe antiviral medications like valacyclovir (Valtrex) or acyclovir (Zovirax) to help manage symptoms of genital herpes. These medications can: Reduce the severity of symptoms in future outbreaks. Lower the frequency of recurrent genital herpes outbreaks. Reduce the risk of spreading genital herpes to others. Help genital herpes sores heal more quickly.

• #32 Genital herpes simplex virus (HSV) | STI Guidelines Australia

  https://sti.guidelines.org.au/sexually-transmissible-infections/genital-herpes-simplex-virus-hsv/

  Initial episodes may be severe, and treatment should never be delayed while waiting for a test result. […] Severe and frequent recurrences may be treated with continuous suppressive or episodic antivirals. […] Valaciclovir 500mg PO, BD for 5 -10 days is recommended for the initial episode. […] Recurrence: episodic therapy should be self-initiated at the first hint of symptoms. […] Valaciclovir 500mg PO, daily for 6 months is recommended for suppressive therapy. […] Valaciclovir 500mg PO, BD from 36 weeks until birth is recommended for suppression in pregnancy. […] Treatment should not be delayed for those presenting with moderate-to-severe episodes, particularly initial episodes. […] Initial episodes may require a 10-day course of treatment if symptoms are slow to resolve. […] Choice of suppressive therapy, episodic therapy or no therapy depends on clinical features including frequency and severity of recurrences and psychosexual complications of the diagnosis.

• #33 Herpes Simplex Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Medical Care, Consultations

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/218580-treatment

  Intravenous (IV) acyclovir therapy should be provided for patients who have severe HSV disease or complications that necessitate hospitalization (e.g., disseminated infection, pneumonitis, or hepatitis) or CNS complications (e.g., meningoencephalitis). […] The initiation of high-dose acyclovir therapy as early as possible in the course of the illness provides the best chance for a patient to survive with minimal neurologic damage. HSV encephalitis requires 21 days of intravenous therapy. […] Options for recurrent HSV infections include no treatment (for infrequent episodes) or episodic treatment with topical agents or oral antiviral agents. Oral antiviral drugs are used for short periods when known precipitating factors might otherwise trigger reactivation of disease. Long-term suppressive therapy, which can be continued for up to one year, is also an option. A modest benefit with lower recurrences has been reported using this method.

• #34 Herpes Simplex Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Medical Care, Consultations

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/218580-treatment

  Intravenous (IV) acyclovir therapy should be provided for patients who have severe HSV disease or complications that necessitate hospitalization (e.g., disseminated infection, pneumonitis, or hepatitis) or CNS complications (e.g., meningoencephalitis). […] The initiation of high-dose acyclovir therapy as early as possible in the course of the illness provides the best chance for a patient to survive with minimal neurologic damage. HSV encephalitis requires 21 days of intravenous therapy. […] Options for recurrent HSV infections include no treatment (for infrequent episodes) or episodic treatment with topical agents or oral antiviral agents. Oral antiviral drugs are used for short periods when known precipitating factors might otherwise trigger reactivation of disease. Long-term suppressive therapy, which can be continued for up to one year, is also an option. A modest benefit with lower recurrences has been reported using this method.

• #35 Herpes Simplex Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Medical Care, Consultations

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/218580-treatment

  Intravenous (IV) acyclovir therapy should be provided for patients who have severe HSV disease or complications that necessitate hospitalization (e.g., disseminated infection, pneumonitis, or hepatitis) or CNS complications (e.g., meningoencephalitis). […] The initiation of high-dose acyclovir therapy as early as possible in the course of the illness provides the best chance for a patient to survive with minimal neurologic damage. HSV encephalitis requires 21 days of intravenous therapy. […] Options for recurrent HSV infections include no treatment (for infrequent episodes) or episodic treatment with topical agents or oral antiviral agents. Oral antiviral drugs are used for short periods when known precipitating factors might otherwise trigger reactivation of disease. Long-term suppressive therapy, which can be continued for up to one year, is also an option. A modest benefit with lower recurrences has been reported using this method.

• #36 Herpes simplex – InDepth | Lima Memorial Health System

  https://www.limamemorial.org/health-library/In-Depth%20Reports/10/000052

  Herpes can pose serious risks for a pregnant woman and her baby. The risk is greatest for mothers with a first-time infection because the virus can be transmitted to the infant during childbirth. Guidelines from the American Academy of Pediatrics recommend using specific diagnostic tests for women in labor to determine the risk of transmission. Babies born to mothers infected with genital herpes are often treated with the antiviral drug acyclovir, which can help suppress the virus. […] Three drugs are approved to treat genital herpes: Acyclovir (Zovirax, generic), Valacyclovir (Valtrex, generic), Famciclovir (Famvir, generic). These medications are antiviral drugs called nucleoside analogues. The drugs are used initially to treat a first attack of herpes, and then afterward to either treat recurrent outbreaks (episodic therapy) or reduce frequency of recurrences (suppressive therapy).

• #37 Genital herpes – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/genital-herpes/symptoms-causes/syc-20356161

  There is no cure for genital herpes. Symptoms often show up again after the first outbreak. Medicine can ease symptoms. It also lowers the risk of infecting others. […] There is no cure for genital herpes, but medicine can help limit outbreaks. […] If you are pregnant and know you have genital herpes, tell your health care provider. If you think you might have genital herpes, ask your provider if you can be tested for it. Your provider may recommend that you take herpes antiviral medicines late in pregnancy. This is to try to prevent an outbreak around the time of delivery. If you have an outbreak when you go into labor, your provider may suggest a cesarean section. That is a surgery to remove the baby from your uterus. It lowers the risk of passing the virus to your baby.

• #38 Genital Herpes: A Review | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2016/0601/p928.html

  Genital herpes is a common sexually transmitted disease, affecting more than 400 million persons worldwide. […] Treatment of primary and subsequent outbreaks with nucleoside analogues is well tolerated and reduces duration, severity, and frequency of recurrences. […] During pregnancy, antiviral prophylaxis with acyclovir is recommended from 36 weeks of gestation until delivery in women with a history of genital herpes. […] Suppressive therapy reduces symptom severity, duration, and recurrence in patients with genital herpes. In HIV-negative patients, it is also effective in reducing transmission to at-risk partners. […] Episodic and suppressive treatment of herpes is aimed at reducing the severity, duration, and recurrence of symptoms, and at preventing transmission to uninfected partners.

• #39 Herpes – STI Treatment Guidelines

  https://www.cdc.gov/std/treatment-guidelines/herpes.htm

  Suppressive therapy reduces frequency of genital herpes recurrences by 70%80% among patients who have frequent recurrences. […] Treatment with valacyclovir 500 mg daily decreases the rate of HSV-2 transmission for discordant heterosexual couples in which a partner has a history of genital HSV-2 infection. […] Recommended Regimens for Daily Suppressive Therapy Among Persons with HIV: Acyclovir 400800 mg orally 2-3 times/day OR Famciclovir 500 mg orally 2 times/day OR Valacyclovir 500 mg orally 2 times/day. […] Recommended Regimen for Suppression of Recurrent Genital Herpes Among Pregnant Women: Acyclovir 400 mg orally 3 times/day OR Valacyclovir 500 mg orally 2 times/day.

• #40 Herpes – STI Treatment Guidelines

  https://www.cdc.gov/std/treatment-guidelines/herpes.htm

  Suppressive therapy reduces frequency of genital herpes recurrences by 70%80% among patients who have frequent recurrences. […] Treatment with valacyclovir 500 mg daily decreases the rate of HSV-2 transmission for discordant heterosexual couples in which a partner has a history of genital HSV-2 infection. […] Recommended Regimens for Daily Suppressive Therapy Among Persons with HIV: Acyclovir 400800 mg orally 2-3 times/day OR Famciclovir 500 mg orally 2 times/day OR Valacyclovir 500 mg orally 2 times/day. […] Recommended Regimen for Suppression of Recurrent Genital Herpes Among Pregnant Women: Acyclovir 400 mg orally 3 times/day OR Valacyclovir 500 mg orally 2 times/day.

• #41 Genital herpes simplex virus (HSV) | STI Guidelines Australia

  https://sti.guidelines.org.au/sexually-transmissible-infections/genital-herpes-simplex-virus-hsv/

  Initial episodes may be severe, and treatment should never be delayed while waiting for a test result. […] Severe and frequent recurrences may be treated with continuous suppressive or episodic antivirals. […] Valaciclovir 500mg PO, BD for 5 -10 days is recommended for the initial episode. […] Recurrence: episodic therapy should be self-initiated at the first hint of symptoms. […] Valaciclovir 500mg PO, daily for 6 months is recommended for suppressive therapy. […] Valaciclovir 500mg PO, BD from 36 weeks until birth is recommended for suppression in pregnancy. […] Treatment should not be delayed for those presenting with moderate-to-severe episodes, particularly initial episodes. […] Initial episodes may require a 10-day course of treatment if symptoms are slow to resolve. […] Choice of suppressive therapy, episodic therapy or no therapy depends on clinical features including frequency and severity of recurrences and psychosexual complications of the diagnosis.

• #42 Herpes Simplex Virus: Adult and Adolescent OIs | NIH

  https://clinicalinfo.hiv.gov/en/guidelines/hiv-clinical-guidelines-adult-and-adolescent-opportunistic-infections/herpes-simplex

  Infections with human herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2) are common. […] Genital herpes is typically caused by HSV-2 and is the most common manifestation of HSV-2 infection. […] Patients with HSV infections can be treated with episodic antiviral therapy when symptomatic lesions occur or with daily suppressive therapy to prevent recurrences. Acyclovir, valacyclovir, and famciclovir are effective for suppressive and episodic therapy. […] First episodes of genital HSV should be treated with oral acyclovir, valacyclovir, or famciclovir for 7 days to 10 days; recurrences can be treated for 5 to 10 days. […] Severe mucocutaneous HSV lesions respond best to initial treatment with intravenous (IV) acyclovir. […] Suppressive therapy with oral acyclovir, valacyclovir, or famciclovir is effective in preventing recurrences of HSV lesions and is preferred for patients who have severe or frequent HSV recurrences or who want to minimize the frequency of recurrences.

• #43 Herpes treatment guidelines – Melbourne Sexual Health Centre (MSHC)

  https://www.mshc.org.au/health-professionals/treatment-guidelines/herpes-treatment-guidelines

  Initial or primary infections should be treated with twice the usual dose. […] Suppressive therapy should be given at least twice daily. […] Non-healing lesions may be seen in both severe immunodeficiency and as part of an immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome following commencement of antiretroviral therapy.

• #44 Herpes – STI Treatment Guidelines

  https://www.cdc.gov/std/treatment-guidelines/herpes.htm

  Suppressive therapy reduces frequency of genital herpes recurrences by 70%80% among patients who have frequent recurrences. […] Treatment with valacyclovir 500 mg daily decreases the rate of HSV-2 transmission for discordant heterosexual couples in which a partner has a history of genital HSV-2 infection. […] Recommended Regimens for Daily Suppressive Therapy Among Persons with HIV: Acyclovir 400800 mg orally 2-3 times/day OR Famciclovir 500 mg orally 2 times/day OR Valacyclovir 500 mg orally 2 times/day. […] Recommended Regimen for Suppression of Recurrent Genital Herpes Among Pregnant Women: Acyclovir 400 mg orally 3 times/day OR Valacyclovir 500 mg orally 2 times/day.

• #45 Newer trends in the management of genital herpes – Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology

  https://ijdvl.com/newer-trends-in-the-management-of-genital-herpes/

  Management of genital herpes is complex. Apart from using the standard antivirals, an ideal management protocol also needs to address various aspects of the disease, including the psychological morbidity. Oral acyclovir, valacyclovir or famciclovir are recommended for routine use. Long-term suppressive therapy is effective in reducing the number of recurrences and the risk of transmission to others. Severe or disseminated disease may require intravenous therapy. Resistant cases are managed with foscarnet or cidofovir. Genital herpes in human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals usually needs a longer duration of antiviral therapy along with continuation of highly active anti retroviral therapy (HAART). Antiviral chemotherapy offers clinical benefits to the majority of symptomatic patients and is the mainstay of management. Currently, three drugs are approved for the treatment of genital herpes: acyclovir, valacyclovir and famciclovir. Acyclovir is highly active against HSV-1 but slightly less active against HSV-2. Valacyclovir and famciclovir are prodrugs of acyclovir and penciclovir, respectively. They have enhanced absorption after oral administration and higher oral bioavailability, thereby allowing for lower dosage and lesser frequency of administration. Acyclovir resistance is most commonly due to mutation in the viral thymidine kinase and rarely due to mutation in viral DNA polymerase. In acyclovir resistance, valacyclovir and famciclovir are also ineffective. Forcarnet inhibits viral DNA polymerase directly without requiring activation by viral thymidine kinase. Therefore, it is effective in acyclovir-resistant HSV infections. Cidofovir, after activation by cellular kinases, inhibits viral DNA polymerase and is useful in acyclovir- and foscarnet-resistant cases. Suppressive therapy is indicated when recurrent genital herpes is frequent ( 6 recurrences in 1 year), severe, distressing or associated with distressing prodromes. Long-term antiviral prophylaxis may be started any time and continued for an unspecified duration. Valacyclovir appears to be somewhat better than famciclovir for the suppression of genital herpes and associated shedding. IV acyclovir therapy is recommended in patients who have severe HSV disease or complications that necessitate hospitalization. Antiretroviral therapy reduces the severity and frequency of symptomatic genital herpes, but frequent subclinical shedding still occurs. Antiviral (acyclovir 400 mg tid for 7-14 days or valacyclovir 1 g bid for 7-14 days) therapy is recommended for women with symptomatic primary or first-episode HSV infection during pregnancy. Symptomatic recurrent HSV should be treated with acyclovir 400 mg tid for 5 days or valacyclovir 500 mg bid for 5 days. Prevention of neonatal herpes involves one or more of the following measures: serology for identifying those women at risk of acquiring new infection, recommendation of abstinence or protective condoms or antiviral prophylaxis in the context of a HSV-2-seropositive man and HSV-2-seronegative woman. If lesions persist or recur in a patient receiving antiviral treatment, HSV resistance should be suspected and a viral isolate should be obtained for sensitivity testing. Foscarnet, 40 mg/kg body weight IV every 8 h until clinical resolution is attained is frequently effective for the treatment of acyclovir-resistant genital herpes.

• #46 Newer trends in the management of genital herpes – Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology

  https://ijdvl.com/newer-trends-in-the-management-of-genital-herpes/

  Management of genital herpes is complex. Apart from using the standard antivirals, an ideal management protocol also needs to address various aspects of the disease, including the psychological morbidity. Oral acyclovir, valacyclovir or famciclovir are recommended for routine use. Long-term suppressive therapy is effective in reducing the number of recurrences and the risk of transmission to others. Severe or disseminated disease may require intravenous therapy. Resistant cases are managed with foscarnet or cidofovir. Genital herpes in human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals usually needs a longer duration of antiviral therapy along with continuation of highly active anti retroviral therapy (HAART). Antiviral chemotherapy offers clinical benefits to the majority of symptomatic patients and is the mainstay of management. Currently, three drugs are approved for the treatment of genital herpes: acyclovir, valacyclovir and famciclovir. Acyclovir is highly active against HSV-1 but slightly less active against HSV-2. Valacyclovir and famciclovir are prodrugs of acyclovir and penciclovir, respectively. They have enhanced absorption after oral administration and higher oral bioavailability, thereby allowing for lower dosage and lesser frequency of administration. Acyclovir resistance is most commonly due to mutation in the viral thymidine kinase and rarely due to mutation in viral DNA polymerase. In acyclovir resistance, valacyclovir and famciclovir are also ineffective. Forcarnet inhibits viral DNA polymerase directly without requiring activation by viral thymidine kinase. Therefore, it is effective in acyclovir-resistant HSV infections. Cidofovir, after activation by cellular kinases, inhibits viral DNA polymerase and is useful in acyclovir- and foscarnet-resistant cases. Suppressive therapy is indicated when recurrent genital herpes is frequent ( 6 recurrences in 1 year), severe, distressing or associated with distressing prodromes. Long-term antiviral prophylaxis may be started any time and continued for an unspecified duration. Valacyclovir appears to be somewhat better than famciclovir for the suppression of genital herpes and associated shedding. IV acyclovir therapy is recommended in patients who have severe HSV disease or complications that necessitate hospitalization. Antiretroviral therapy reduces the severity and frequency of symptomatic genital herpes, but frequent subclinical shedding still occurs. Antiviral (acyclovir 400 mg tid for 7-14 days or valacyclovir 1 g bid for 7-14 days) therapy is recommended for women with symptomatic primary or first-episode HSV infection during pregnancy. Symptomatic recurrent HSV should be treated with acyclovir 400 mg tid for 5 days or valacyclovir 500 mg bid for 5 days. Prevention of neonatal herpes involves one or more of the following measures: serology for identifying those women at risk of acquiring new infection, recommendation of abstinence or protective condoms or antiviral prophylaxis in the context of a HSV-2-seropositive man and HSV-2-seronegative woman. If lesions persist or recur in a patient receiving antiviral treatment, HSV resistance should be suspected and a viral isolate should be obtained for sensitivity testing. Foscarnet, 40 mg/kg body weight IV every 8 h until clinical resolution is attained is frequently effective for the treatment of acyclovir-resistant genital herpes.

• #47 Herpes Simplex Virus: Adult and Adolescent OIs | NIH

  https://clinicalinfo.hiv.gov/en/guidelines/hiv-clinical-guidelines-adult-and-adolescent-opportunistic-infections/herpes-simplex

  For patients with severe recurrences, or patients who want to minimize the frequency of recurrences, including pregnant women, or to reduce the risk of genital ulcer disease in patients with CD4 counts 250 cells/mm3 who are starting ART, chronic suppressive therapy is indicated. […] The treatment of choice for acyclovir-resistant HSV is IV foscarnet.

• #48 Genital Herpes: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Prevention

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/genital-herpes

  The benefits vary according to how often you take the medication. Treating a single outbreak doesn’t have any effect on the severity or frequency of future outbreaks. But your provider may prescribe chronic suppressive therapy (taking medication every day) to help you have less severe and less frequent outbreaks in the future. […] If you have mild symptoms or infrequent outbreaks, you might not need or want treatment. […] During an outbreak, these steps can ease your symptoms: Apply an ice pack to your genitals. Wrap the ice pack in a washcloth or apply it over your underwear. Keep your genitals dry. Wear cotton or other nonsynthetic underpants and avoid tight-fitting clothes. Moist sores take longer to heal. Soak in a warm bath. Take nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to relieve pain. Wear loose-fitting clothing. Apply topical 1% or 2% lidocaine to numb the area.

• #49 Genital herpes | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/genital-herpes

  Genital herpes treatment […] Although there is no cure for genital herpes, medication can help manage and reduce the severity of symptoms. […] Medication can also reduce the frequency of further infections and spreading the virus. […] Genital herpes symptoms can be improved by: salt baths, ice packs to the affected area, pain-relieving medication (such as paracetamol), antiviral medications (such as acyclovir, famciclovir and valaciclovir). These reduce the severity of an episode if taken early (as soon as any symptoms appear). […] If you get herpes frequently, taking a daily antiviral medication can reduce the likelihood of symptoms recurring. This is called suppressive therapy. It has the added advantage of reducing the risk of spreading the virus to your sexual partners.

• #50 Genital herpes: Learn More – What are the treatment options for genital herpes? – InformedHealth.org – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK525771/

  But antiviral medication can also shorten the duration of later outbreaks by an average of about two days. If you decide to have treatment, its important to start it within the first 24 hours of the outbreak ideally, as soon as you notice the first symptoms. […] Some people have outbreaks of genital herpes very often or experience especially severe symptoms. Then it may be a good idea to take antiviral medication for a longer time including during symptom-free phases. The goal is to prevent further outbreaks and to keep the symptoms from becoming so severe. […] Research shows that preventive treatment can considerably lower the risk of further outbreaks. […] Antiviral medications are considered to be very safe. They are nearly always well tolerated because the active ingredients only have an effect in cells that have been infected by the virus. […] Topical (externally applied) antiviral treatments such as creams or ointments don’t provide any relief, but they can increase the risk of viral resistance. Experts advise against using topical treatments for genital herpes.

• #51 Genital herpes | Healthify

  https://healthify.nz/health-a-z/g/genital-herpes

  Genital herpes is best treated with antiviral tablets, which stop the herpes virus from multiplying. […] Antiviral medicines taken by mouth, such as valaciclovir or aciclovir, are the most effective for symptoms. The medicine only works while you’re taking it. The infection can come back when you stop taking it. These medicines don’t cure genital herpes. […] Antiviral tablets are used in 2 ways: To treat flare-ups as they happen (episodic treatment): The aim is to shorten the time each flare-up lasts and to relieve symptoms. They work best when taken as soon as you get symptoms and before the blisters appear. Your healthcare provider can give you a prescription for a supply to keep at home. […] To prevent or reduce recurrences (preventative or suppressive therapy): If you get frequent or severe flare-ups, your healthcare provider may recommend that you take antiviral tablets every day to help prevent these. Suppressive therapy is taken continuously, every day for at least 6 months. Suppressive antiviral therapy may help reduce viral shedding, which lowers the chance of passing the virus to sexual partners. […] Antiviral creams bought over the counter from the pharmacy aren’t recommended as they don’t work well.

• #52 Genital Herpes: A Review | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2016/0601/p928.html

  Three nucleoside analogues, which work by inhibiting viral DNA, are approved and well tolerated: acyclovir, famciclovir (Famvir), and valacyclovir (Valtrex). […] In patients who have both HSV-2 and HIV infections, anti-HSV suppressive therapy does not reduce the risk of HSV transmission to uninfected partners. […] Treatment should be based on the patient’s disease profile, sexual practices, and psychosocial needs. […] There are no approved vaccines for the treatment or prevention of genital herpes. […] Antiviral prophylaxis with acyclovir is recommended from 36 weeks’ gestation until delivery in women with a history of genital herpes to minimize active recurrence at the time of delivery.

• #53 New Treatments in the Pipeline for Genital Herpes

  https://www.webmd.com/genital-herpes/genital-herpes-new-treatments

  Researchers are hard at work on new treatments to fight genital herpes, otherwise known as herpes simplex virus 2. […] Microbicides are one option scientists are exploring in the search for new genital herpes treatments. Microbicides are chemicals that protect against infection by killing microbes (small organisms such as bacteria and viruses) before they enter the body. […] Pritelivir is a new class of drugs that targets the DNA of the virus and stops it from replicating. It has received FDA approval and is taken orally each day. […] Scientists also are working on other new drugs that keep the herpes virus from replicating. […] Everyone would like a vaccine that protects against HSV-2, but experimental products have had mixed and somewhat discouraging results. […] Although these new genital herpes treatments are just on the horizon, it may be years before any are available to consumers.

• #54 New Treatments in the Pipeline for Genital Herpes

  https://www.webmd.com/genital-herpes/genital-herpes-new-treatments

  Researchers are hard at work on new treatments to fight genital herpes, otherwise known as herpes simplex virus 2. […] Microbicides are one option scientists are exploring in the search for new genital herpes treatments. Microbicides are chemicals that protect against infection by killing microbes (small organisms such as bacteria and viruses) before they enter the body. […] Pritelivir is a new class of drugs that targets the DNA of the virus and stops it from replicating. It has received FDA approval and is taken orally each day. […] Scientists also are working on other new drugs that keep the herpes virus from replicating. […] Everyone would like a vaccine that protects against HSV-2, but experimental products have had mixed and somewhat discouraging results. […] Although these new genital herpes treatments are just on the horizon, it may be years before any are available to consumers.

• #55 Herpes Treatments — Vax-Before-Travel

  https://www.vax-before-travel.com/herpes-treatments

  The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) says there is no cure for herpes simplex virus (HSV) as of March 2025. However, the use of antiviral medicine shortens herpes outbreaks. […] Acyclovir is U.S. FDA-approved to decrease pain and speed the healing of sores or blisters in people with varicella, herpes zoster, and first-time or repeat genital herpes outbreaks. Acyclovir is also sometimes used to prevent outbreaks of genital herpes in people who are infected with HSV. […] Aurobindo Pharma Ltd. offers Valtrex Tablets with 500mg base and 1g base for adults. However, it does not cure HSV. […] AiCuris’s Pritelivir (AIC316) is a potent inhibitor of HSV replication that belongs to a new chemical class and acts via a novel mechanism of action. […] However, Pritelivir does not cure herpes. […] A study published in May 2023 found that a molecule can effectively treat the lesions accompanying shingles and suggests the molecule may also work against the viruses that cause oral and genital herpes. […] As of 2025, the U.S. FDA has not approved a herpes vaccine candidate.

• #56 Herpes cure with gene editing makes progress in laboratory studies | Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center

  https://www.fredhutch.org/en/news/releases/2024/05/herpes-cure-with-gene-editing-makes-progress-in-laboratory-studi.html

  Fred Hutch virologists eliminated at least 90% of HSV-1 in preclinical models of oral and genital herpes and reduced viral shedding in a study published in Nature Communications […] Researchers at Fred Hutch Cancer Center have found in pre-clinical studies that an experimental gene therapy for genital and oral herpes removed 90% or more of the infection and suppressed how much virus can be released from an infected individual, which suggests that the therapy would also reduce the spread of the virus. […] Using mouse models of the infection, the experimental therapy eliminated 90% of herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) after facial infection, also known as oral herpes, and 97% of herpes HSV-1 after genital infection. […] In addition, the researchers found that the HSV-1 gene therapy had a significant reduction in both the frequency and amount of viral shedding.

• #57 A cure for herpes? There is progress to report | Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center

  https://www.fredhutch.org/en/news/center-news/2020/08/herpes-simplex-gene-therapy.html

  Dr. Keith Jerome began exploring the idea that lifelong infections with herpes viruses might be cured by using the DNA-cutting tools of gene therapy. […] On Aug. 18, the team led by Jerome and Aubert published a paper in Nature Communications showing that, through a series of incremental improvements on their original method, they had destroyed up to 95% of herpes virus lurking in certain nerve clusters of mice. […] It is a completely different approach to herpes therapy than anybody’s ever had before. […] Whereas most research on herpes has focused on suppressing the recurrence of painful symptoms, the Fred Hutch gene therapy work addresses the root cause of reactivation: the presence of latent virus in infected nerve cells. […] I hope that this study changes the dialogue around herpes research and opens up the idea that we can start thinking about cure, rather than just control of the virus, Jerome said.

• #58 Herpes cure with gene editing makes progress in laboratory studies | Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center

  https://www.fredhutch.org/en/news/releases/2024/05/herpes-cure-with-gene-editing-makes-progress-in-laboratory-studi.html

  Our streamlined gene editing approach is effective at eliminating the herpes virus and has less side effects to the liver and nerves, Jerome said. This suggests that the therapy will be safer for people and easier to make, since it has fewer ingredients. […] They also noted that though the current study examined HSV-1 infections, they are working on adapting the gene editing technology to target HSV-2 infections.

• #59 A cure for herpes? There is progress to report | Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center

  https://www.fredhutch.org/en/news/center-news/2020/08/herpes-simplex-gene-therapy.html

  It will still take a long time before these experiments lead to the first human trials of gene therapy to cure herpes. Jerome estimates that will be at least three years away. […] The Jerome Labs herpes research thus far involves only HSV-1, but the scientists are now working on ways to extend their success to HSV-2. […] It gets us closer to really considering this as a curative approach. It gives us the green light. […] The researchers also refined their methods of transporting the molecular scissors to targeted nerve cells. […] As the Jerome Lab prepares to see if its gene therapy can block genital herpes, they are also reshuffling their selection of vector viruses and meganucleases to target nerve cells infected by HSV-2. […] Experience has shown, however, that the Jerome Lab is endowed with patience. Their 10-year trek has proven the potential of gene therapy for erasing herpes, yet the road ahead will undoubtedly require deep reserves of patience and persistence.

• #60 Genital Herpes Treatment

  https://www.everydayhealth.com/genital-herpes/guide/treatment/

  Daily therapy also lowers the odds of infecting other people if you have multiple sex partners or if you are a man who has sex with men. […] Your doctor will probably give you a prescription you can fill and keep handy for timely use, and tell you to start taking the drugs just as soon as symptoms begin. […] The main ways to avoid transmitting herpes are: Learn to recognize how you feel when an outbreak is on the way, and stop having sex immediately, Don’t have sex during active outbreaks, Always use condoms but don’t rely on them during outbreaks. […] If you have genital herpes, it’s important for you to get educated about herpes and have the opportunity to ask questions in a supportive environment. […] Researchers are working on new treatments for genital herpes and strategies to prevent transmission. […] Although there have been several clinical trials that tested vaccines against genital herpes, there is no vaccine currently available to prevent infection.

• #61 Is there a role for chronic suppressive therapy in herpes simplex virus infection? | Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine

  https://www.ccjm.org/content/91/3/151

  Yes. The primary role of chronic suppressive therapy in herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection is to decrease the frequency, severity, and duration of outbreaks, and to reduce the risk of transmitting the virus to others. It is indicated in patients with recurrent oral and genital HSV-2 infection and oral HSV-1 infection. However, there is no clear proven benefit in providing chronic suppressive therapy in recurrent genital HSV-1 infection. […] Chronic suppressive therapy has been found to reduce the frequency of genital herpes recurrences by 70% to 80%. […] Currently recommended agents for chronic suppressive therapy include acyclovir, valacyclovir, and famciclovir. […] Chronic suppressive therapy is recommended for patients with recurrent genital HSV infection. It is effective in decreasing the frequency and severity of symptoms, and can decrease viral shedding and transmission from HSV-2-infected patients to sexual partners. HSV-1 is associated with a lower risk of recurrent infection. Current available data do not show a clear benefit of chronic suppressive therapy in patients with recurrent HSV-1 infection.

• #62 Genital Herpes: A Review | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2016/0601/p928.html

  Three nucleoside analogues, which work by inhibiting viral DNA, are approved and well tolerated: acyclovir, famciclovir (Famvir), and valacyclovir (Valtrex). […] In patients who have both HSV-2 and HIV infections, anti-HSV suppressive therapy does not reduce the risk of HSV transmission to uninfected partners. […] Treatment should be based on the patient’s disease profile, sexual practices, and psychosocial needs. […] There are no approved vaccines for the treatment or prevention of genital herpes. […] Antiviral prophylaxis with acyclovir is recommended from 36 weeks’ gestation until delivery in women with a history of genital herpes to minimize active recurrence at the time of delivery.

• #63 Genital Herpes Treatment and Care – Lemonaid Health – Healthaid

  https://healthaid.lemonaidhealth.com/general-health/genital-herpes-treatment-lemonaid/

  Managing genital herpes requires addressing common concerns about treatment and combining medical intervention with lifestyle adjustments. […] Managing genital herpes can be challenging and sensitive. However, it is possible to manage it effectively with the right medical advice and treatment options. […] There are several antiviral medications approved by the FDA that help to treat genital herpes and lessen the frequency and severity of outbreaks. […] Antiviral medications used for treating herpes virus infection work by disrupting the virus’s ability to multiply and spread within the body. […] Preventive measures and lifestyle tips play a crucial role in managing genital herpes and reducing the frequency of outbreaks. […] Embracing these lifestyle changes can significantly improve the quality of life and disease management for those living with genital herpes. […] Addressing common concerns about genital herpes treatment is vital for those managing the condition. […] Treating genital herpes effectively requires a comprehensive approach that combines medical intervention with lifestyle adjustments.

• #64 Genital Herpes Treatment

  https://health.amazon.com/onemedical/Genital-herpes-treatment/dp/B0BVCXXNTT

  The most effective way to prevent the spread of genital herpes is to abstain from sexual activity. If you choose to be sexually active, make sure sexual contact includes a latex barrier like a condom or a dental dam. These precautions also reduce your risk of getting HIV, which is three times more likely to infect someone who already has HSV-2. Your body can transmit the virus even when you’re not having an outbreak. This is called „shedding.” Your body sheds more virus during an outbreak, so it’s best to avoid sexual contact at that time. If your sexual partner doesn’t have genital herpes, taking daily antiviral medicine can help prevent you from giving herpes to your partner, even if you dont have symptoms. […] Because recurring genital herpes outbreaks are caused by the reactivation of a virus, you can help prevent outbreaks by taking care of your immune system. Getting the recommended amounts of sleep and exercise, eating healthy food, and keeping your stress levels down can help defend your body against all kinds of illness, including HSV-2.

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