Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Liposarcoma Symptoms, Prognosis & Treatment

  https://www.medicinenet.com/liposarcoma/article.htm

  Is it possible to prevent a liposarcoma? […] Most liposarcomas develop in people with no known risk factors. Consequently, there is no way to prevent liposarcomas other than to avoid exposure to their risk factors listed above.

• #2

  https://winshipcancer.emory.edu/cancer-types-and-treatments/sarcoma/prevention.php

  Prevention is not yet possible for sarcomas, but Winships team of experts continues to work on sarcoma prevention to give you the best outcomes possible. […] The vast majority of sarcomas are sporadic, meaning they occur at random with no known way to prevent them. […] While sarcomas cannot be prevented, there are ways to effectively diagnose and treat them. […] Sarcoma prevention does not yet exist. According to experts, there are no lifestyle-related or environmental causes of sarcoma, which means that there is no determined way to prevent these tumors from forming.

• #3 Soft Tissue Sarcoma Causes, Risk Factors, and Prevention | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/soft-tissue-sarcoma/causes-risks-prevention.html

  The only way to prevent some soft tissue sarcomas is to avoid exposure to risk factors whenever possible. […] At this time, there’s no known way to prevent this cancer.

• #4 Liposarcoma

  https://dermnetnz.org/topics/liposarcoma

  There are no well-established modifiable risk factors for LPS.

• #5 Soft Tissue Sarcoma Prevention | Stanford Health Care

  https://stanfordhealthcare.org/medical-conditions/cancer/soft-tissue-sarcoma/prevention.html

  Because most people who get soft tissue sarcoma do not have any risk factors, doctors have little advice on how you can prevent this very rare form of cancer. […] Remember, you can have all the risk factors and not get soft tissue sarcoma. Or you can have none of them and get this illness. Talk to your doctor if you are concerned about your risk. […] When possible, you should avoid these risk factors. […] Avoid exposure to radiation. (This may not be possible for people who need radiation to treat cancer.) […] Avoid exposure to certain chemicals, especially herbicides and dioxin. […] If you or anyone in your family has had neurofibromatosis, Li-Fraumeni syndrome, retinoblastoma, or soft tissue sarcoma, you may have a slightly elevated risk of this type of cancer. Ask your doctor if you should be tested for inherited genes that might increase your risk of soft tissue sarcoma. It is important to know that there are not a lot of genetic tests to accurately predict your risk for sarcomas.

• #6 Soft Tissue Sarcoma Risk Factors and Prevention Measures

  https://www.hcgoncology.com/types-of-cancers/soft-tissue-sarcoma-prevention/

  Several factors enhance the risk of soft tissue sarcoma. Clinicians must identify those risk factors and provide appropriate preventive measures to lower the risk of developing soft tissue sarcoma. […] Although it is impossible to prevent soft tissue sarcoma, certain soft tissue sarcoma prevention measures lower its risk. Soft tissue sarcoma prevention strategies include minimizing modifiable risk factors and adhering to a healthy lifestyle. Some soft tissue sarcoma prevention measures are: […] Minimizing exposure to ionizing radiation from medical treatments or occupational sources may lower the risk of radiation-induced soft tissue sarcomas. […] Reducing exposure to harmful chemicals in the workplace or the environment, following safety guidelines, and using protective measures while working with harmful chemicals can reduce the risk of soft tissue sarcoma.

• #7 Liposarcoma: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment & Prognosis

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21142-liposarcoma

  Unfortunately, you may not be able to prevent liposarcoma, particularly if you have an inherited condition that increases your risk of developing the condition. You can reduce your risk of soft tissue cancers by avoiding long-term exposure to radiation and toxic chemicals such as vinyl chloride. […] Unfortunately, you can’t prevent liposarcoma from coming back.

• #8 Understanding Your Risks of Sarcoma

  https://www.stjohns.health/blog/2022/june/understanding-your-risks-of-sarcoma/

  Currently, most sarcomas develop in people with no known risk factors which makes prevention vital. There is no sure way to prevent sarcoma, but there are some steps you can take to reduce your risk. […] Quit smoking. Smoking is the most important risk factor for sarcoma, and quitting smoking can greatly reduce your risk. […] Avoid exposure to certain chemicals. Some chemicals, such as dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), have been linked to an increased risk of sarcoma. […] Limit your exposure to radiation. Exposure to radiation, such as from X-rays, cancer treatment, or CT scans, can increase your risk of sarcoma. If you need an imaging test, talk to your doctor about the risks and benefits. […] Know your family history. If sarcoma runs in your family, you may be at an increased risk. Talk to your doctor about your family history and what you can do to reduce your risk.

• #9 Soft Tissue Sarcoma | Cancer Council

  https://www.cancer.org.au/cancer-information/types-of-cancer/rare-cancers/soft-tissue-sarcoma

  As the causes of most soft tissue sarcomas are not known there is no specific prevention. However, avoiding exposure to certain chemicals such as vinyl chloride or some high-dose herbicides, may reduce your risk.

• #10 Soft Tissue Sarcoma Risk Factors and Prevention Measures

  https://www.hcgoncology.com/types-of-cancers/soft-tissue-sarcoma-prevention/

  Several factors enhance the risk of soft tissue sarcoma. Clinicians must identify those risk factors and provide appropriate preventive measures to lower the risk of developing soft tissue sarcoma. […] Although it is impossible to prevent soft tissue sarcoma, certain soft tissue sarcoma prevention measures lower its risk. Soft tissue sarcoma prevention strategies include minimizing modifiable risk factors and adhering to a healthy lifestyle. Some soft tissue sarcoma prevention measures are: […] Minimizing exposure to ionizing radiation from medical treatments or occupational sources may lower the risk of radiation-induced soft tissue sarcomas. […] Reducing exposure to harmful chemicals in the workplace or the environment, following safety guidelines, and using protective measures while working with harmful chemicals can reduce the risk of soft tissue sarcoma.

• #11 Soft Tissue Sarcoma Risk Factors and Prevention Measures

  https://www.hcgoncology.com/types-of-cancers/soft-tissue-sarcoma-prevention/

  Individuals with a family history of soft tissue sarcoma or those who are suffering from genetic syndromes that enhance the risk of soft tissue sarcoma should be provided genetic counseling. Information should be obtained about their risk of developing soft tissue sarcoma. […] Like other cancers, a healthy lifestyle reduces the risk of soft tissue sarcoma. It helps improve the immune system and enhances the body’s ability to fight against abnormal cells. Engaging in regular physical activity may prevent cancer. A well-balanced diet comprising vegetables, fruits, and whole grains supports a healthy immune system. […] Excessive exposure to solar radiation should be avoided to lower the risk of soft tissue sarcoma. It includes going out in the sun only when necessary and using sunscreen lotions.

• #12 Understanding Your Risks of Sarcoma

  https://www.stjohns.health/blog/2022/june/understanding-your-risks-of-sarcoma/

  Currently, most sarcomas develop in people with no known risk factors which makes prevention vital. There is no sure way to prevent sarcoma, but there are some steps you can take to reduce your risk. […] Quit smoking. Smoking is the most important risk factor for sarcoma, and quitting smoking can greatly reduce your risk. […] Avoid exposure to certain chemicals. Some chemicals, such as dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), have been linked to an increased risk of sarcoma. […] Limit your exposure to radiation. Exposure to radiation, such as from X-rays, cancer treatment, or CT scans, can increase your risk of sarcoma. If you need an imaging test, talk to your doctor about the risks and benefits. […] Know your family history. If sarcoma runs in your family, you may be at an increased risk. Talk to your doctor about your family history and what you can do to reduce your risk.

• #13 Liposarcoma: Symptoms, Causes, Stages, Diagnosis and Treatment – OncoDaily

  https://oncodaily.com/oncolibrary/cancer-types/liposarcoma

  Preventive measures for liposarcoma focus on early detection and minimizing exposure to potential risk factors. Regular medical checkups are essential, as they can help identify unusual lumps or growths early on. While no specific screening tests are recommended for individuals without a family history of sarcoma or other risk factors, promptly reporting any unexplained lumps or symptoms to a healthcare provider is crucial. […] Avoiding exposure to known risk factors is also important. Although the exact cause of liposarcoma is not well understood, certain factors may increase the risk, including prior radiation therapy and exposure to specific chemicals. […] Monitoring for genetic predispositions is vital, especially for individuals with a family history of cancer. Some genetic syndromes can increase the risk of developing soft tissue sarcomas, including liposarcoma. Identifying these genetic factors can lead to increased surveillance and early detection. Early detection of liposarcoma significantly improves treatment outcomes. Detecting the disease at an early stage allows for more effective treatment options and can reduce the risk of metastasis.

• #14 Soft Tissue Sarcoma Prevention | Stanford Health Care

  https://stanfordhealthcare.org/medical-conditions/cancer/soft-tissue-sarcoma/prevention.html

  Because most people who get soft tissue sarcoma do not have any risk factors, doctors have little advice on how you can prevent this very rare form of cancer. […] Remember, you can have all the risk factors and not get soft tissue sarcoma. Or you can have none of them and get this illness. Talk to your doctor if you are concerned about your risk. […] When possible, you should avoid these risk factors. […] Avoid exposure to radiation. (This may not be possible for people who need radiation to treat cancer.) […] Avoid exposure to certain chemicals, especially herbicides and dioxin. […] If you or anyone in your family has had neurofibromatosis, Li-Fraumeni syndrome, retinoblastoma, or soft tissue sarcoma, you may have a slightly elevated risk of this type of cancer. Ask your doctor if you should be tested for inherited genes that might increase your risk of soft tissue sarcoma. It is important to know that there are not a lot of genetic tests to accurately predict your risk for sarcomas.

• #15 Soft Tissue Sarcoma Risk Factors and Prevention Measures

  https://www.hcgoncology.com/types-of-cancers/soft-tissue-sarcoma-prevention/

  Individuals with a family history of soft tissue sarcoma or those who are suffering from genetic syndromes that enhance the risk of soft tissue sarcoma should be provided genetic counseling. Information should be obtained about their risk of developing soft tissue sarcoma. […] Like other cancers, a healthy lifestyle reduces the risk of soft tissue sarcoma. It helps improve the immune system and enhances the body’s ability to fight against abnormal cells. Engaging in regular physical activity may prevent cancer. A well-balanced diet comprising vegetables, fruits, and whole grains supports a healthy immune system. […] Excessive exposure to solar radiation should be avoided to lower the risk of soft tissue sarcoma. It includes going out in the sun only when necessary and using sunscreen lotions.

• #16 Soft Tissue Sarcoma Risk Factors and Prevention Measures

  https://www.hcgoncology.com/types-of-cancers/soft-tissue-sarcoma-prevention/

  Individuals with a family history of soft tissue sarcoma or those who are suffering from genetic syndromes that enhance the risk of soft tissue sarcoma should be provided genetic counseling. Information should be obtained about their risk of developing soft tissue sarcoma. […] Like other cancers, a healthy lifestyle reduces the risk of soft tissue sarcoma. It helps improve the immune system and enhances the body’s ability to fight against abnormal cells. Engaging in regular physical activity may prevent cancer. A well-balanced diet comprising vegetables, fruits, and whole grains supports a healthy immune system. […] Excessive exposure to solar radiation should be avoided to lower the risk of soft tissue sarcoma. It includes going out in the sun only when necessary and using sunscreen lotions.

• #17 Liposarcoma: Symptoms, Causes, Stages, Diagnosis and Treatment – OncoDaily

  https://oncodaily.com/oncolibrary/cancer-types/liposarcoma

  Preventive measures for liposarcoma focus on early detection and minimizing exposure to potential risk factors. Regular medical checkups are essential, as they can help identify unusual lumps or growths early on. While no specific screening tests are recommended for individuals without a family history of sarcoma or other risk factors, promptly reporting any unexplained lumps or symptoms to a healthcare provider is crucial. […] Avoiding exposure to known risk factors is also important. Although the exact cause of liposarcoma is not well understood, certain factors may increase the risk, including prior radiation therapy and exposure to specific chemicals. […] Monitoring for genetic predispositions is vital, especially for individuals with a family history of cancer. Some genetic syndromes can increase the risk of developing soft tissue sarcomas, including liposarcoma. Identifying these genetic factors can lead to increased surveillance and early detection. Early detection of liposarcoma significantly improves treatment outcomes. Detecting the disease at an early stage allows for more effective treatment options and can reduce the risk of metastasis.

• #18 Soft Tissue Sarcoma Risk Factors and Prevention Measures

  https://www.hcgoncology.com/types-of-cancers/soft-tissue-sarcoma-prevention/

  It is important to consult the oncologists immediately if any symptom may cause concern, especially in people with a high risk for soft tissue sarcoma or individuals with a history of soft tissue sarcoma. Early detection helps with appropriate intervention and improves overall outcomes. […] Soft tissue sarcoma prevention may be achieved through minimizing radiation exposure, safeguarding against chemical exposure, and maintaining a healthy lifestyle.

• #19 Sarcoma Risk Factors & Prevention | Banner MD Anderson

  https://www.bannerhealth.com/services/cancer/cancer-type/sarcoma/risk-factors-and-prevention

  Currently, there is no known way to prevent sarcoma. Avoiding exposure to risk factors whenever possible is an option, but most sarcomas develop in people with no known risk factors. […] Not everyone with these risk factors develop sarcoma. If you have any risk factors, discuss them with your doctor at Banner MD Anderson.

• #20 Soft Tissue Sarcoma Prevention | Stanford Health Care

  https://stanfordhealthcare.org/medical-conditions/cancer/soft-tissue-sarcoma/prevention.html

  Because most people who get soft tissue sarcoma do not have any risk factors, doctors have little advice on how you can prevent this very rare form of cancer. […] Remember, you can have all the risk factors and not get soft tissue sarcoma. Or you can have none of them and get this illness. Talk to your doctor if you are concerned about your risk. […] When possible, you should avoid these risk factors. […] Avoid exposure to radiation. (This may not be possible for people who need radiation to treat cancer.) […] Avoid exposure to certain chemicals, especially herbicides and dioxin. […] If you or anyone in your family has had neurofibromatosis, Li-Fraumeni syndrome, retinoblastoma, or soft tissue sarcoma, you may have a slightly elevated risk of this type of cancer. Ask your doctor if you should be tested for inherited genes that might increase your risk of soft tissue sarcoma. It is important to know that there are not a lot of genetic tests to accurately predict your risk for sarcomas.

• #21 Liposarcoma: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment & Prognosis

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21142-liposarcoma

  Unfortunately, you may not be able to prevent liposarcoma, particularly if you have an inherited condition that increases your risk of developing the condition. You can reduce your risk of soft tissue cancers by avoiding long-term exposure to radiation and toxic chemicals such as vinyl chloride. […] Unfortunately, you can’t prevent liposarcoma from coming back.

• #22 Management and Prevention of Recurrent Paratesticular Liposarcoma

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3773360/

  Paratesticular liposarcoma is a rare entity. […] Optimal management of the tumour recurrence includes complete re-excision and radiotherapy to the area of recurrence. […] Our discussion focused on the therapeutic strategy to prevent tumour recurrence. […] The use of adjuvant therapy to prevent recurrence remains debatable. […] Our discussion focused on its management and the therapeutic measures that can be taken to help reduce tumour recurrence. […] A less than 10% risk of recurrence was found when a wide local excision with a margin of 10 mm or greater was used. […] Surgical resection with a margin less than 10 mm, or cases involving residual tumour cells, will benefit from radiotherapy and help in the prevention of local recurrence. […] Distilled water lavage after tumour resection minimises contamination and reduces tumour cell spillage. […] Adjuvant radiation therapy post-surgery is recommended to reduce the locoregional failure. […] It was found that adjuvant radiotherapy reduced local tumour recurrence while adjuvant chemotherapy is controversial.

• #23 Management and Prevention of Recurrent Paratesticular Liposarcoma

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3773360/

  Paratesticular liposarcoma is a rare entity. […] Optimal management of the tumour recurrence includes complete re-excision and radiotherapy to the area of recurrence. […] Our discussion focused on the therapeutic strategy to prevent tumour recurrence. […] The use of adjuvant therapy to prevent recurrence remains debatable. […] Our discussion focused on its management and the therapeutic measures that can be taken to help reduce tumour recurrence. […] A less than 10% risk of recurrence was found when a wide local excision with a margin of 10 mm or greater was used. […] Surgical resection with a margin less than 10 mm, or cases involving residual tumour cells, will benefit from radiotherapy and help in the prevention of local recurrence. […] Distilled water lavage after tumour resection minimises contamination and reduces tumour cell spillage. […] Adjuvant radiation therapy post-surgery is recommended to reduce the locoregional failure. […] It was found that adjuvant radiotherapy reduced local tumour recurrence while adjuvant chemotherapy is controversial.

• #24 Management and Prevention of Recurrent Paratesticular Liposarcoma

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3773360/

  Paratesticular liposarcoma is a rare entity. […] Optimal management of the tumour recurrence includes complete re-excision and radiotherapy to the area of recurrence. […] Our discussion focused on the therapeutic strategy to prevent tumour recurrence. […] The use of adjuvant therapy to prevent recurrence remains debatable. […] Our discussion focused on its management and the therapeutic measures that can be taken to help reduce tumour recurrence. […] A less than 10% risk of recurrence was found when a wide local excision with a margin of 10 mm or greater was used. […] Surgical resection with a margin less than 10 mm, or cases involving residual tumour cells, will benefit from radiotherapy and help in the prevention of local recurrence. […] Distilled water lavage after tumour resection minimises contamination and reduces tumour cell spillage. […] Adjuvant radiation therapy post-surgery is recommended to reduce the locoregional failure. […] It was found that adjuvant radiotherapy reduced local tumour recurrence while adjuvant chemotherapy is controversial.

• #25 Management and Prevention of Recurrent Paratesticular Liposarcoma

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3773360/

  Paratesticular liposarcoma is a rare entity. […] Optimal management of the tumour recurrence includes complete re-excision and radiotherapy to the area of recurrence. […] Our discussion focused on the therapeutic strategy to prevent tumour recurrence. […] The use of adjuvant therapy to prevent recurrence remains debatable. […] Our discussion focused on its management and the therapeutic measures that can be taken to help reduce tumour recurrence. […] A less than 10% risk of recurrence was found when a wide local excision with a margin of 10 mm or greater was used. […] Surgical resection with a margin less than 10 mm, or cases involving residual tumour cells, will benefit from radiotherapy and help in the prevention of local recurrence. […] Distilled water lavage after tumour resection minimises contamination and reduces tumour cell spillage. […] Adjuvant radiation therapy post-surgery is recommended to reduce the locoregional failure. […] It was found that adjuvant radiotherapy reduced local tumour recurrence while adjuvant chemotherapy is controversial.

• #26 Soft Tissue Sarcoma Risk Factors and Prevention Measures

  https://www.hcgoncology.com/types-of-cancers/soft-tissue-sarcoma-prevention/

  Individuals with a family history of soft tissue sarcoma or those who are suffering from genetic syndromes that enhance the risk of soft tissue sarcoma should be provided genetic counseling. Information should be obtained about their risk of developing soft tissue sarcoma. […] Like other cancers, a healthy lifestyle reduces the risk of soft tissue sarcoma. It helps improve the immune system and enhances the body’s ability to fight against abnormal cells. Engaging in regular physical activity may prevent cancer. A well-balanced diet comprising vegetables, fruits, and whole grains supports a healthy immune system. […] Excessive exposure to solar radiation should be avoided to lower the risk of soft tissue sarcoma. It includes going out in the sun only when necessary and using sunscreen lotions.

• #27 Liposarcoma: Symptoms, Causes, Stages, Diagnosis and Treatment – OncoDaily

  https://oncodaily.com/oncolibrary/cancer-types/liposarcoma

  Preventive measures for liposarcoma focus on early detection and minimizing exposure to potential risk factors. Regular medical checkups are essential, as they can help identify unusual lumps or growths early on. While no specific screening tests are recommended for individuals without a family history of sarcoma or other risk factors, promptly reporting any unexplained lumps or symptoms to a healthcare provider is crucial. […] Avoiding exposure to known risk factors is also important. Although the exact cause of liposarcoma is not well understood, certain factors may increase the risk, including prior radiation therapy and exposure to specific chemicals. […] Monitoring for genetic predispositions is vital, especially for individuals with a family history of cancer. Some genetic syndromes can increase the risk of developing soft tissue sarcomas, including liposarcoma. Identifying these genetic factors can lead to increased surveillance and early detection. Early detection of liposarcoma significantly improves treatment outcomes. Detecting the disease at an early stage allows for more effective treatment options and can reduce the risk of metastasis.

• #28 Soft Tissue Sarcoma Risk Factors and Prevention Measures

  https://www.hcgoncology.com/types-of-cancers/soft-tissue-sarcoma-prevention/

  It is important to consult the oncologists immediately if any symptom may cause concern, especially in people with a high risk for soft tissue sarcoma or individuals with a history of soft tissue sarcoma. Early detection helps with appropriate intervention and improves overall outcomes. […] Soft tissue sarcoma prevention may be achieved through minimizing radiation exposure, safeguarding against chemical exposure, and maintaining a healthy lifestyle.

• #29 Myxoid Liposarcoma: Causes, Treatment & Prognosis

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/24731-myxoid-liposarcoma

  Can I prevent myxoid liposarcoma? Unfortunately, no. Most people develop myxoid liposarcoma because they had radiation therapy for other types of cancer, including lymphoma, breast cancer or prostate cancer. Radiation therapy increases your risk, but its essential treatment for other cancers.

• #30 Liposarcoma: Symptoms, Causes, Stages, Diagnosis and Treatment – OncoDaily

  https://oncodaily.com/oncolibrary/cancer-types/liposarcoma

  Preventive measures for liposarcoma focus on early detection and minimizing exposure to potential risk factors. Regular medical checkups are essential, as they can help identify unusual lumps or growths early on. While no specific screening tests are recommended for individuals without a family history of sarcoma or other risk factors, promptly reporting any unexplained lumps or symptoms to a healthcare provider is crucial. […] Avoiding exposure to known risk factors is also important. Although the exact cause of liposarcoma is not well understood, certain factors may increase the risk, including prior radiation therapy and exposure to specific chemicals. […] Monitoring for genetic predispositions is vital, especially for individuals with a family history of cancer. Some genetic syndromes can increase the risk of developing soft tissue sarcomas, including liposarcoma. Identifying these genetic factors can lead to increased surveillance and early detection. Early detection of liposarcoma significantly improves treatment outcomes. Detecting the disease at an early stage allows for more effective treatment options and can reduce the risk of metastasis.

• #31

  https://winshipcancer.emory.edu/cancer-types-and-treatments/sarcoma/prevention.php

  Prevention is not yet possible for sarcomas, but Winships team of experts continues to work on sarcoma prevention to give you the best outcomes possible. […] The vast majority of sarcomas are sporadic, meaning they occur at random with no known way to prevent them. […] While sarcomas cannot be prevented, there are ways to effectively diagnose and treat them. […] Sarcoma prevention does not yet exist. According to experts, there are no lifestyle-related or environmental causes of sarcoma, which means that there is no determined way to prevent these tumors from forming.

• #32 Soft Tissue Sarcoma Risk Factors and Prevention Measures

  https://www.hcgoncology.com/types-of-cancers/soft-tissue-sarcoma-prevention/

  It is important to consult the oncologists immediately if any symptom may cause concern, especially in people with a high risk for soft tissue sarcoma or individuals with a history of soft tissue sarcoma. Early detection helps with appropriate intervention and improves overall outcomes. […] Soft tissue sarcoma prevention may be achieved through minimizing radiation exposure, safeguarding against chemical exposure, and maintaining a healthy lifestyle.

• #33 Management and Prevention of Recurrent Paratesticular Liposarcoma

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3773360/

  Paratesticular liposarcoma is a rare entity. […] Optimal management of the tumour recurrence includes complete re-excision and radiotherapy to the area of recurrence. […] Our discussion focused on the therapeutic strategy to prevent tumour recurrence. […] The use of adjuvant therapy to prevent recurrence remains debatable. […] Our discussion focused on its management and the therapeutic measures that can be taken to help reduce tumour recurrence. […] A less than 10% risk of recurrence was found when a wide local excision with a margin of 10 mm or greater was used. […] Surgical resection with a margin less than 10 mm, or cases involving residual tumour cells, will benefit from radiotherapy and help in the prevention of local recurrence. […] Distilled water lavage after tumour resection minimises contamination and reduces tumour cell spillage. […] Adjuvant radiation therapy post-surgery is recommended to reduce the locoregional failure. […] It was found that adjuvant radiotherapy reduced local tumour recurrence while adjuvant chemotherapy is controversial.

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