Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Soft Tissues: Liposarcoma: Myxoid liposarcoma

  https://atlasgeneticsoncology.org/solid-tumor/5169/soft-tissues-liposarcoma-myxoid-liposarcoma

  Liposarcoma is the most common soft tissue malignancy in adults accounting for at least 20% of all sarcomas in this age group. […] Myxoid-round cell liposarcoma is a subtype of liposarcoma characterized by the presence of the reciprocal chromosomal translocation t(12;16)(q13;p11). This translocation creates the FUS-DDIT3 chimeric gene. […] Cytogenetics analyses have shown that several lipogenic tumours are characterized by specific chromosomal abnormalities, the best known was the reciprocal translocation t(12;16)(q13;p11) of myxoid-round cell liposarcoma, described about twenty years ago. […] The involvement of a nuclear riboprotein in these processes in vivo indicates that FUS is important in genome maintenance. […] These results provide evidence that the FUS domain of FUS-DDIT3 plays a specific and critical role in the pathogenesis of liposarcoma. […] These results provide genetic evidence that FUS and DDIT3 domains function in trans for the mutual restoration of liposarcoma, and identify a new mechanism of tumour-associated fusion genes which might have impact beyond myxoid liposarcoma.

• #2 Liposarcoma – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/books/NBK538265/

  Liposarcoma, a tumor of lipoblasts, is a rare mesenchymal neoplasm that involves deep soft tissues, including the esophagus, retroperitoneum, and popliteal fossa. […] The cause of liposarcoma is still unknown. The American Cancer Society has identified some apparent risk factors for soft tissue sarcomas; however, multiple cases exist where patients have no apparent risk factors for the disease. The exact genetic mutation leading to these malignancies is still under investigation. Liposarcoma risk factors identified by the American Cancer Society include radiation (especially radiation therapy used to treat other malignancies), certain family cancer syndromes, damage/trauma to the lymphatic system, and exposure to toxic chemicals. It is important to note that liposarcomas do not develop from lipomas, which are completely benign. […] Liposarcoma occurs in patients without any identifiable risk factors or genetic predisposition. There are no known preventive strategies to limit the incidence of this disease thus far.

• #3

  https://content-dev.irisoncology.com/library/liposarcoma

  Liposarcoma is a rare type of cancer that starts in the fat cells. […] It’s not clear what causes liposarcoma. […] Liposarcoma starts when fat cells get changes in their DNA. A cell’s DNA holds the instructions that tell the cell what to do. The changes turn the fat cells into cancer cells. The changes tell the cancer cells to grow quickly and make a lot of extra cells. The cancer cells keep living when healthy cells would die as part of their natural life cycle.

• #4 Liposarcoma – Types, Risk Factors, Diagnosis & Management

  https://www.medindia.net/health/conditions/liposarcoma.htm

  Liposarcoma is a rare cancer arising from fat cells and is considered to be a type of soft tissue tumor. […] In spite of recent advances in cancer and molecular biology, the precise reason for liposarcomas is still not known. In few cases, liposarcomas have been reported following injury but trauma is not considered to be a cause of liposarcoma. […] However, there are several risk factors which have been found to be associated with liposarcomas. […] Mutations in DNA of fat cells are associated with liposarcomas. Usually, these mutations are acquired rather than being inherited and can turn the oncogenes on or turn off the tumor suppressor genes. […] Certain genetic disorders such as tuberous sclerosis, Gorlin syndrome, Gardner syndrome, Retinoblastoma, Li-Fraumeni syndrome and Werner syndrome may heighten the risk of getting liposarcomas.

• #5 Liposarcoma: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

  https://www.tgh.org/institutes-and-services/conditions/liposarcoma

  Liposarcoma Causes: Like all forms of cancer, liposarcoma occurs when healthy cells undergo harmful changes that damage their DNA. The DNA then provides faulty instructions on when the cell should grow, replicate and die, leading to an accumulation of abnormal cells. […] Although the triggers of the DNA changes that lead to the development of liposarcoma are not well understood, researchers have linked the condition to several risk factors, including: Prior radiation therapy, Exposure to certain chemicals, A damaged lymphatic system.

• #6

  https://content-dev.irisoncology.com/library/liposarcoma

  Liposarcoma is a rare type of cancer that starts in the fat cells. […] It’s not clear what causes liposarcoma. […] Liposarcoma starts when fat cells get changes in their DNA. A cell’s DNA holds the instructions that tell the cell what to do. The changes turn the fat cells into cancer cells. The changes tell the cancer cells to grow quickly and make a lot of extra cells. The cancer cells keep living when healthy cells would die as part of their natural life cycle.

• #7 Soft tissue sarcoma – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/soft-tissue-sarcoma/symptoms-causes/syc-20377725

  It’s not clear what causes most soft tissue sarcomas. […] Soft tissue sarcoma starts when a connective tissue cell gets changes in its DNA. A cell’s DNA holds the instructions that tell a cell what to do. The changes turn the connective tissue cells into cancer cells. The changes tell the cancer cells to grow and make more cells. Healthy cells die as part of their natural cycle, but cancer cells keep growing because they do not have instructions to stop. […] The type of cell with DNA changes is what determines the type of soft tissue sarcoma. For example, angiosarcoma begins in cells in the lining of blood vessels, while liposarcoma starts in fat cells.

• #8 Liposarcoma: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment & Prognosis

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21142-liposarcoma

  Liposarcoma happens when certain genes mutate, or change, causing fat cells to multiply uncontrollably and form tumors. Medical researchers have identified at least 20 different genetic mutations that cause liposarcoma. They dont know all the reasons why these genes mutate, but researchers have identified some risk factors that increase your risk of developing liposarcoma: […] Radiation therapy for cancer. […] Exposure to workplace chemicals such as vinyl chloride. […] Certain inherited conditions.

• #9 Liposarcoma: Symptoms, Causes, Stages, Diagnosis and Treatment – OncoDaily

  https://oncodaily.com/oncolibrary/cancer-types/liposarcoma

  Liposarcoma is primarily driven by genetic mutations, though the exact causes of these alterations remain under investigation. Key risk factors include prior exposure to radiation therapy, certain chemicals like vinyl chloride, and inherited genetic conditions. […] A significant number of liposarcomas exhibit amplification of the MDM2 gene, which encodes a protein that regulates the tumor suppressor p53. This amplification leads to increased MDM2 protein levels, resulting in the degradation of p53 and promoting tumor growth. […] Many liposarcomas also show amplification of the CDK4 gene, leading to overexpression of the CDK4 protein, which drives cell cycle progression and contributes to tumor development. […] These genetic alterations are particularly prevalent in well-differentiated and dedifferentiated liposarcomas, underscoring their role in the diseases pathogenesis.

• #10 Retroperitoneal Liposarcoma | Treatment & Management | Point of Care

  https://www.statpearls.com/point-of-care/157242

  Distinct, recurrent genetic abnormalities are estimated to account for 30%40% of sarcomas and have a role in their etiology.[4] […] CDK4 and MDM2 gene amplification is found in over 90% of well-differentiated and de-differentiated liposarcomas.[5] […] Studies suggest that occupational exposure to dioxins or herbicides, such as Agent Orange, may increase the risk of sarcoma.[6] […] Additionally, therapeutic radiation carries a small but measurable long-term risk of developing soft tissue sarcoma, estimated at well below 1% overall.[7]

• #11 Co-expression of MDM2 and CDK4 in transformed human mesenchymal stem cells causes high-grade sarcoma with a dedifferentiated liposarcoma-like morphology | Laboratory Investigation

  https://www.nature.com/articles/s41374-019-0263-4

  Amplification and overexpression of MDM2 and CDK4 are well-known diagnostic criteria for well-differentiated liposarcoma (WDLPS)/dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLPS). […] Despite their potency as driving factors, whether MDM2 and CDK4 induce WDLPS/DDLPS tumorigenesis remains unclear. […] Our results suggest that the co-overexpression of MDM2 and CDK4, along with multiple genetic factors, increases the tendency for high-grade sarcoma with a DDLPS-like morphology in transformed human BMSCs by accelerating their growth and migration and blocking their adipogenic potential. […] However, several other oncogenes, such as HMGA2, c-JUN, ZIC1, etc., have been reported to contribute to the tumorigenesis and progression of WDLPS/DDLP. […] Although amplification and overexpression of MDM2 and CDK4 are hallmark events of WDLPS/DDLPS, whether MDM2 and CDK4 drive WDLPS/DDLPS tumorigenesis remains unclear.

• #12 Soft Tissues: Liposarcoma: Myxoid liposarcoma

  https://atlasgeneticsoncology.org/solid-tumor/5169/soft-tissues-liposarcoma-myxoid-liposarcoma

  Liposarcoma is the most common soft tissue malignancy in adults accounting for at least 20% of all sarcomas in this age group. […] Myxoid-round cell liposarcoma is a subtype of liposarcoma characterized by the presence of the reciprocal chromosomal translocation t(12;16)(q13;p11). This translocation creates the FUS-DDIT3 chimeric gene. […] Cytogenetics analyses have shown that several lipogenic tumours are characterized by specific chromosomal abnormalities, the best known was the reciprocal translocation t(12;16)(q13;p11) of myxoid-round cell liposarcoma, described about twenty years ago. […] The involvement of a nuclear riboprotein in these processes in vivo indicates that FUS is important in genome maintenance. […] These results provide evidence that the FUS domain of FUS-DDIT3 plays a specific and critical role in the pathogenesis of liposarcoma. […] These results provide genetic evidence that FUS and DDIT3 domains function in trans for the mutual restoration of liposarcoma, and identify a new mechanism of tumour-associated fusion genes which might have impact beyond myxoid liposarcoma.

• #13 Liposarcoma

  https://dermnetnz.org/topics/liposarcoma

  LPS arises de novo rather than from a pre-existing lipoma. […] Unlike other soft tissue sarcomas, radiation does not appear to play a role in pathogenesis. […] The genetics of LPS vary based on the type of liposarcoma: WDLPS and DDLPS: characterised by recurrent amplifications within chromosome 12, resulting in over-expression of oncogenic genes; MLPS is characterised by a pathognomonic chromosomal translocation between chromosomes 12 and 16, resulting in an oncogenic fusion protein (FUS-DDIT3); PLPS is karyotypically complex, with a variety of mutations present. […] There are no well-established modifiable risk factors for LPS.

• #14 Myxoid/Round Cell Liposarcoma – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/pediatric-adult-rare-tumor/rare-tumors/rare-soft-tissue-tumors/myxoid-round-cell-liposarcoma

  We do not yet know what causes MRCLS to form. Scientists are always working to understand how cancer forms, but it can be hard to prove. […] In MRCLS, a gene called FUS joins with a gene called CHOP. This happens in almost all cases, so it may be very important for how MRCLS forms.

• #15 Liposarcoma

  https://dermnetnz.org/topics/liposarcoma

  LPS arises de novo rather than from a pre-existing lipoma. […] Unlike other soft tissue sarcomas, radiation does not appear to play a role in pathogenesis. […] The genetics of LPS vary based on the type of liposarcoma: WDLPS and DDLPS: characterised by recurrent amplifications within chromosome 12, resulting in over-expression of oncogenic genes; MLPS is characterised by a pathognomonic chromosomal translocation between chromosomes 12 and 16, resulting in an oncogenic fusion protein (FUS-DDIT3); PLPS is karyotypically complex, with a variety of mutations present. […] There are no well-established modifiable risk factors for LPS.

• #16

  https://www.orthobullets.com/pathology/8068/liposarcoma

  Liposarcomas are a heterogeneous class of sarcomas with differentiation towards adipose tissue that consist of 5 different sub-types: well-differentiated, myxoid, round cell, pleomorphic, and dedifferentiated. […] the lipoblast (signet ring-type cell) is a hallmark of liposarcomas. […] well-differentiated liposarcoma – amplification (MDM2) […] myxoid liposarcoma – translocation (12;16) […] well-differentiated and dedifferentiated liposarcomas have chromosome 12q13-15 amplification […] pleomorphic liposarcoma may have p53 mutation. […] metastasis risk correlates with grade/sub-type of liposarcoma […] low grade (well-differentiated) has a metastasis rate of […] intermediate grade (myxoid) has a metastasis rate of about 10-30% […] high grade has a metastasis rate of 50%.

• #17 Liposarcoma: Symptoms, Causes, Stages, Diagnosis and Treatment – OncoDaily

  https://oncodaily.com/oncolibrary/cancer-types/liposarcoma

  Liposarcoma is primarily driven by genetic mutations, though the exact causes of these alterations remain under investigation. Key risk factors include prior exposure to radiation therapy, certain chemicals like vinyl chloride, and inherited genetic conditions. […] A significant number of liposarcomas exhibit amplification of the MDM2 gene, which encodes a protein that regulates the tumor suppressor p53. This amplification leads to increased MDM2 protein levels, resulting in the degradation of p53 and promoting tumor growth. […] Many liposarcomas also show amplification of the CDK4 gene, leading to overexpression of the CDK4 protein, which drives cell cycle progression and contributes to tumor development. […] These genetic alterations are particularly prevalent in well-differentiated and dedifferentiated liposarcomas, underscoring their role in the diseases pathogenesis.

• #18 Liposarcoma – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liposarcoma

  Liposarcomas arise from the precursor lipoblasts of the adipocytes (i.e. fat cells) in adipose (i.e. fat) tissues. […] The World Health Organization in 2020 reclassified liposarcomas into five more or less distinct forms: 1) atypical lipomatous tumor/well-differentiated liposarcoma (WD-LPS); 2) dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DD-LPS); 3) myxoid liposarcoma; 4) pleomorphic liposarcoma; and 5) myxoid pleomorphic liposarcoma. […] Studies to date find that all five liposarcoma forms, while usually treatable at least initially by surgical resection, are often only marginally responsive to currently used chemotherapy and radiotherapy regimens. […] The neoplastic cells in ALT/WDL tumors contain one or more extra ring-shaped small supernumerary marker chromosome (sSMC) or an abnormal giant marker chromosome (i.e. a formerly normal chromosome that is made abnormal by having a duplication of parts of its own or one or more other chromosome’s genetic material).

• #19 Liposarcoma – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liposarcoma

  The presence of extra copies of these two genes and/or their overproduced protein products is a highly sensitive and specific indicator that a lipomatous tumor is an ALT/WDL or DDL rather than some other type of lipomatous tumor. […] The neoplastic cells in both DDL and ALT/WDL carry similar small supernumerary marker chromosomes (sSMCs) and/or giant marker chromosomes that contain extra parts of chromosome 12’s q arm at bands 13 through 15. […] The alterations in gene copy numbers induced by these abnormalities are similar to those seen in the myxofibrosarcoma type of the histiocytomas.

• #20 Myxoid Liposarcoma: Causes, Treatment & Prognosis

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/24731-myxoid-liposarcoma

  Myxoid liposarcoma is a subtype of liposarcoma, a group of very rare cancers that begin in fat cells. […] Medical researchers arent sure what causes myxoid liposarcoma. They do know most people with this condition carry a genetic mutation that turns normal genes into oncogenes. Oncogenes may turn normal cells into cancerous cells that multiply and develop into tumors. […] While researchers dont know exactly what causes myxoid liposarcoma, studies show that people who have radiation therapy for cancer have an increased risk of developing any kind of sarcoma, including myxoid sarcoma.

• #21 Content – Health Encyclopedia – University of Rochester Medical Center

  https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content?ContentTypeID=134&ContentID=221

  Experts arent exactly sure what causes liposarcoma. But it occurs when cells in the body change and grow out of control. […] Certain genetic syndromes, such as neurofibromatosis and Li-Fraumeni syndrome […] Exposure to radiation as treatment for another cancer […] Working with certain chemicals, but this link to liposarcoma isnt clear.

• #22 Liposarcoma Causes: Genetics, Radiation, Vinyl Chloride

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/liposarcoma-causes-5202910

  There are some inherited genetic conditions that are known to increase a person’s predisposition for developing cancer. Some of these conditions can increase the risk of liposarcoma, including: […] Certain risk factors, including being male, having prior exposure to radiation (such as during treatment for an earlier cancer), occupational exposure to industrial chemicals (particularly vinyl chloride), and having a familial cancer syndrome, may raise your likelihood of developing liposarcoma.

• #23 Risk Factors for Soft Tissue Sarcomas | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/soft-tissue-sarcoma/causes-risks-prevention/risk-factors.html

  Radiation exposure accounts for less than 5% of sarcomas. But patients might develop sarcomas from radiation given to treat other cancers, like breast cancer or lymphoma. The sarcoma often starts in the part of the body that was treated with radiation. The average time between the radiation treatments and the diagnosis of a sarcoma is about 10 years. […] Family cancer syndromes are disorders caused by gene defects (mutations) that people are born with (often inherited from a parent) that are linked to a high risk of getting certain cancers. Some family cancer syndromes increase a person’s risk of developing soft tissue sarcomas. […] About 5% of people with neurofibromatosis will develop a sarcoma in a neurofibroma. […] People affected by Li-Fraumeni syndrome have a high risk of cancer, such as breast cancer, brain tumors, leukemia, and sarcomas. Still, only 10 to 20 out of 100 people with Li-Fraumeni syndrome will develop a soft tissue sarcoma.

• #24 Risk Factors for Soft Tissue Sarcomas | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/soft-tissue-sarcoma/causes-risks-prevention/risk-factors.html

  Radiation exposure accounts for less than 5% of sarcomas. But patients might develop sarcomas from radiation given to treat other cancers, like breast cancer or lymphoma. The sarcoma often starts in the part of the body that was treated with radiation. The average time between the radiation treatments and the diagnosis of a sarcoma is about 10 years. […] Family cancer syndromes are disorders caused by gene defects (mutations) that people are born with (often inherited from a parent) that are linked to a high risk of getting certain cancers. Some family cancer syndromes increase a person’s risk of developing soft tissue sarcomas. […] About 5% of people with neurofibromatosis will develop a sarcoma in a neurofibroma. […] People affected by Li-Fraumeni syndrome have a high risk of cancer, such as breast cancer, brain tumors, leukemia, and sarcomas. Still, only 10 to 20 out of 100 people with Li-Fraumeni syndrome will develop a soft tissue sarcoma.

• #25 Risks and causes | Soft tissue sarcoma | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/soft-tissue-sarcoma/risks-causes

  We don’t know what causes most soft tissue sarcomas. But some factors may increase your risk of developing it. […] Several chemicals are thought to possibly increase the risk of some types of sarcoma. This might be in situations where people were exposed to high levels in their job over many years. […] The International Agency for Research on Cancer looks at the evidence for substances and their links with causing cancer. They say the following chemicals have limited evidence for causing soft tissue sarcoma: radioiodines, including iodine-131, polychlorophenols, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-para-dioxin. […] Some types of rare genetic conditions can increase your risk of getting a sarcoma. […] Families with Li Fraumeni syndrome have a higher risk of developing: soft tissue sarcoma, other cancers.

• #26 Risk Factors for Soft Tissue Sarcomas | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/soft-tissue-sarcoma/causes-risks-prevention/risk-factors.html

  Radiation exposure accounts for less than 5% of sarcomas. But patients might develop sarcomas from radiation given to treat other cancers, like breast cancer or lymphoma. The sarcoma often starts in the part of the body that was treated with radiation. The average time between the radiation treatments and the diagnosis of a sarcoma is about 10 years. […] Family cancer syndromes are disorders caused by gene defects (mutations) that people are born with (often inherited from a parent) that are linked to a high risk of getting certain cancers. Some family cancer syndromes increase a person’s risk of developing soft tissue sarcomas. […] About 5% of people with neurofibromatosis will develop a sarcoma in a neurofibroma. […] People affected by Li-Fraumeni syndrome have a high risk of cancer, such as breast cancer, brain tumors, leukemia, and sarcomas. Still, only 10 to 20 out of 100 people with Li-Fraumeni syndrome will develop a soft tissue sarcoma.

• #27 Liposarcoma – Ortho MediSys

  https://orthomedisys.org/oncologic-surgery/liposarcoma/

  Liposarcoma tends to appear in people aged 50 to 65. Genetic syndromes, radiation exposure via cancer treatment, exposure to certain chemicals, and damage to your lymph system are all potential risk factors.

• #28 Liposarcoma: Types, Symptoms, and Causes

  https://www.webmd.com/cancer/liposarcoma-what-is

  Doctors don’t know exactly what causes liposarcomas to grow. Like other cancers, changes to DNA allow cells to multiply out of control and form tumors. […] Some things can raise the chances that you get liposarcoma. You may be more likely to get this cancer if you: Had radiation treatment for another type of cancer, such as breast cancer or lymphoma; Are between ages 50 and 65; Have an inherited condition such as neurofibromatosis, Werner syndrome, or Li-Fraumeni syndrome. […] Just because you have one or more of them doesn’t mean that you will get liposarcoma. This cancer is rare. And some people get liposarcoma without having any risks.

• #29 Liposarcoma | Oncology | Bon Secours

  https://www.bonsecours.com/health-care-services/cancer-care-oncology/conditions/liposarcoma

  Liposarcoma is caused when mutations (changes) occur in the fat cells, and then those cells grow and multiply quickly. […] The following factors may increase your risk for developing liposarcoma: Having specific inherited genetic syndromes, including: Li-Fraumeni syndrome, Familial adenomatous polyposis, Neurofibromatosis, Tuberous sclerosis, Werner syndrome. […] Having been exposed to certain harmful chemicals, including herbicides, dioxin or arsenic. […] Having undergone radiation therapy.

• #30 Risk Factors for Soft Tissue Sarcomas | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/soft-tissue-sarcoma/causes-risks-prevention/risk-factors.html

  Children with this gene defect also have a higher risk of developing bone or soft tissue sarcomas, especially if the retinoblastoma was treated with radiation. […] They also have an increased risk of cancer, including soft tissue sarcomas. […] Exposure to vinyl chloride (a chemical used in making plastics) is a risk factor for developing sarcomas of the liver, but it hasn’t been proven to cause soft tissue sarcomas. Arsenic has also been linked to a type of liver sarcoma but not soft tissue sarcoma. Exposure to dioxin and to herbicides that contain phenoxyacetic acid at high doses (such as might occur in people who work on farms) may also be risk factors, but this isn’t known for certain.

• #31 Well-Differentiated Liposarcoma – Sarcoma Oncology Center

  https://sarcomaoncology.com/types-of-sarcoma/soft-tissue-sarcomas/liposarcoma/well-differentiated-liposarcoma/

  Well-differentiated liposarcoma is characterized by significant changes in chromosomes. The most notable change is the amplification of the chromosomal region 12q13-15, which occurs in approximately 90% of cases. This means the number of copies of genes in the 12q13-15 region of a genome increases, leading to uncontrolled cell growth and tumor development. […] Inherited genetic conditions, such as hereditary retinoblastoma or LiFraumeni syndrome, can increase the risk of WDLS. Other factors that may increase the risk of developing this type of liposarcoma include: […] Exposure to certain chemicals […] Past history of radiation therapy for cancer […] Damaged lymphatic system.

• #32 Liposarcoma – Types, Risk Factors, Diagnosis & Management

  https://www.medindia.net/health/conditions/liposarcoma.htm

  Liposarcoma is a rare cancer arising from fat cells and is considered to be a type of soft tissue tumor. […] In spite of recent advances in cancer and molecular biology, the precise reason for liposarcomas is still not known. In few cases, liposarcomas have been reported following injury but trauma is not considered to be a cause of liposarcoma. […] However, there are several risk factors which have been found to be associated with liposarcomas. […] Mutations in DNA of fat cells are associated with liposarcomas. Usually, these mutations are acquired rather than being inherited and can turn the oncogenes on or turn off the tumor suppressor genes. […] Certain genetic disorders such as tuberous sclerosis, Gorlin syndrome, Gardner syndrome, Retinoblastoma, Li-Fraumeni syndrome and Werner syndrome may heighten the risk of getting liposarcomas.

• #33 Liposarcoma | Oncology | Bon Secours

  https://www.bonsecours.com/health-care-services/cancer-care-oncology/conditions/liposarcoma

  Liposarcoma is caused when mutations (changes) occur in the fat cells, and then those cells grow and multiply quickly. […] The following factors may increase your risk for developing liposarcoma: Having specific inherited genetic syndromes, including: Li-Fraumeni syndrome, Familial adenomatous polyposis, Neurofibromatosis, Tuberous sclerosis, Werner syndrome. […] Having been exposed to certain harmful chemicals, including herbicides, dioxin or arsenic. […] Having undergone radiation therapy.

• #34 Liposarcoma – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/books/NBK538265/

  Liposarcoma, a tumor of lipoblasts, is a rare mesenchymal neoplasm that involves deep soft tissues, including the esophagus, retroperitoneum, and popliteal fossa. […] The cause of liposarcoma is still unknown. The American Cancer Society has identified some apparent risk factors for soft tissue sarcomas; however, multiple cases exist where patients have no apparent risk factors for the disease. The exact genetic mutation leading to these malignancies is still under investigation. Liposarcoma risk factors identified by the American Cancer Society include radiation (especially radiation therapy used to treat other malignancies), certain family cancer syndromes, damage/trauma to the lymphatic system, and exposure to toxic chemicals. It is important to note that liposarcomas do not develop from lipomas, which are completely benign. […] Liposarcoma occurs in patients without any identifiable risk factors or genetic predisposition. There are no known preventive strategies to limit the incidence of this disease thus far.

• #35 Liposarcoma Causes: Genetics, Radiation, Vinyl Chloride

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/liposarcoma-causes-5202910

  There is no known cause of liposarcoma. Researchers have discovered certain risk factors that may increase a person’s chances of developing this type of cancer, including genetics and previous exposure to radiation or toxic chemicals. […] There are no known causes of liposarcoma, but some risk factors have been identified for liposarcoma, including: […] Radiation given to treat other cancers has been shown to increase the risk of developing soft tissue sarcoma, such as liposarcoma. […] Occupational exposure to the industrial compound vinyl chloride, which is used to make plastic, has been associated with an increased risk of developing liposarcoma. […] Some familial cancer genes may increase the risk of liposarcoma. […] Liposarcoma is believed to be triggered by mutations (changes) to genes within fat cells that cause cells to grow uncontrollably.

• #36 Risk Factors for Soft Tissue Sarcomas | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/soft-tissue-sarcoma/causes-risks-prevention/risk-factors.html

  Radiation exposure accounts for less than 5% of sarcomas. But patients might develop sarcomas from radiation given to treat other cancers, like breast cancer or lymphoma. The sarcoma often starts in the part of the body that was treated with radiation. The average time between the radiation treatments and the diagnosis of a sarcoma is about 10 years. […] Family cancer syndromes are disorders caused by gene defects (mutations) that people are born with (often inherited from a parent) that are linked to a high risk of getting certain cancers. Some family cancer syndromes increase a person’s risk of developing soft tissue sarcomas. […] About 5% of people with neurofibromatosis will develop a sarcoma in a neurofibroma. […] People affected by Li-Fraumeni syndrome have a high risk of cancer, such as breast cancer, brain tumors, leukemia, and sarcomas. Still, only 10 to 20 out of 100 people with Li-Fraumeni syndrome will develop a soft tissue sarcoma.

• #37 Risk Factors for Soft Tissue Sarcomas | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/soft-tissue-sarcoma/causes-risks-prevention/risk-factors.html

  Radiation exposure accounts for less than 5% of sarcomas. But patients might develop sarcomas from radiation given to treat other cancers, like breast cancer or lymphoma. The sarcoma often starts in the part of the body that was treated with radiation. The average time between the radiation treatments and the diagnosis of a sarcoma is about 10 years. […] Family cancer syndromes are disorders caused by gene defects (mutations) that people are born with (often inherited from a parent) that are linked to a high risk of getting certain cancers. Some family cancer syndromes increase a person’s risk of developing soft tissue sarcomas. […] About 5% of people with neurofibromatosis will develop a sarcoma in a neurofibroma. […] People affected by Li-Fraumeni syndrome have a high risk of cancer, such as breast cancer, brain tumors, leukemia, and sarcomas. Still, only 10 to 20 out of 100 people with Li-Fraumeni syndrome will develop a soft tissue sarcoma.

• #38 Liposarcoma: Understanding Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment

  https://sehathub.com/liposarcoma

  Liposarcoma Causes: The exact cause of the uncontrolled growth of fat cells is unknown. However, according to experts, genetic mutations are the main cause of liposarcoma. Numerous mutations are linked to the cancer. Experts believe that as many as 20 different genetic mutations can lead to liposarcoma development. Recently, alterations in new driver genes have been identified in well-differentiated retroperitoneal liposarcoma. […] Moreover, researchers have noted a high incidence of pleomorphic myxoid liposarcoma in cases of Li-Frameni syndrome (an inherited genetic mutation disorder). […] Radiation exposure can also serve as a contributing factor for liposarcomas. Studies indicate that women undergoing radiation therapy for breast carcinoma are at a greater risk of developing soft tissue carcinomas like liposarcoma. […] Exposure to workplace chemicals like vinyl chloride, arsenic compounds, and alkylators can also increase your chances of falling prey to liposarcoma.

• #39 Liposarcoma

  https://dermnetnz.org/topics/liposarcoma

  LPS arises de novo rather than from a pre-existing lipoma. […] Unlike other soft tissue sarcomas, radiation does not appear to play a role in pathogenesis. […] The genetics of LPS vary based on the type of liposarcoma: WDLPS and DDLPS: characterised by recurrent amplifications within chromosome 12, resulting in over-expression of oncogenic genes; MLPS is characterised by a pathognomonic chromosomal translocation between chromosomes 12 and 16, resulting in an oncogenic fusion protein (FUS-DDIT3); PLPS is karyotypically complex, with a variety of mutations present. […] There are no well-established modifiable risk factors for LPS.

• #40 Liposarcoma – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/books/NBK538265/

  Liposarcoma, a tumor of lipoblasts, is a rare mesenchymal neoplasm that involves deep soft tissues, including the esophagus, retroperitoneum, and popliteal fossa. […] The cause of liposarcoma is still unknown. The American Cancer Society has identified some apparent risk factors for soft tissue sarcomas; however, multiple cases exist where patients have no apparent risk factors for the disease. The exact genetic mutation leading to these malignancies is still under investigation. Liposarcoma risk factors identified by the American Cancer Society include radiation (especially radiation therapy used to treat other malignancies), certain family cancer syndromes, damage/trauma to the lymphatic system, and exposure to toxic chemicals. It is important to note that liposarcomas do not develop from lipomas, which are completely benign. […] Liposarcoma occurs in patients without any identifiable risk factors or genetic predisposition. There are no known preventive strategies to limit the incidence of this disease thus far.

• #41 Liposarcoma Causes: Genetics, Radiation, Vinyl Chloride

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/liposarcoma-causes-5202910

  There is no known cause of liposarcoma. Researchers have discovered certain risk factors that may increase a person’s chances of developing this type of cancer, including genetics and previous exposure to radiation or toxic chemicals. […] There are no known causes of liposarcoma, but some risk factors have been identified for liposarcoma, including: […] Radiation given to treat other cancers has been shown to increase the risk of developing soft tissue sarcoma, such as liposarcoma. […] Occupational exposure to the industrial compound vinyl chloride, which is used to make plastic, has been associated with an increased risk of developing liposarcoma. […] Some familial cancer genes may increase the risk of liposarcoma. […] Liposarcoma is believed to be triggered by mutations (changes) to genes within fat cells that cause cells to grow uncontrollably.

• #42 Liposarcoma Causes: Genetics, Radiation, Vinyl Chloride

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/liposarcoma-causes-5202910

  There is no known cause of liposarcoma. Researchers have discovered certain risk factors that may increase a person’s chances of developing this type of cancer, including genetics and previous exposure to radiation or toxic chemicals. […] There are no known causes of liposarcoma, but some risk factors have been identified for liposarcoma, including: […] Radiation given to treat other cancers has been shown to increase the risk of developing soft tissue sarcoma, such as liposarcoma. […] Occupational exposure to the industrial compound vinyl chloride, which is used to make plastic, has been associated with an increased risk of developing liposarcoma. […] Some familial cancer genes may increase the risk of liposarcoma. […] Liposarcoma is believed to be triggered by mutations (changes) to genes within fat cells that cause cells to grow uncontrollably.

• #43 Liposarcoma: Symptoms, Types, Treatment, Prognosis

  https://www.healthline.com/health/liposarcoma

  Liposarcoma begins when genetic changes occur in fat cells, causing them to grow out of control. Exactly what triggers those changes isnt clear. […] Risk factors include: prior radiation treatment, personal or family history of cancer, damage to the lymph system, long-term exposure to toxic chemicals such as vinyl chloride.

• #44 Risks and causes | Soft tissue sarcoma | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/soft-tissue-sarcoma/risks-causes

  We don’t know what causes most soft tissue sarcomas. But some factors may increase your risk of developing it. […] Several chemicals are thought to possibly increase the risk of some types of sarcoma. This might be in situations where people were exposed to high levels in their job over many years. […] The International Agency for Research on Cancer looks at the evidence for substances and their links with causing cancer. They say the following chemicals have limited evidence for causing soft tissue sarcoma: radioiodines, including iodine-131, polychlorophenols, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-para-dioxin. […] Some types of rare genetic conditions can increase your risk of getting a sarcoma. […] Families with Li Fraumeni syndrome have a higher risk of developing: soft tissue sarcoma, other cancers.

• #45 Liposarcoma – Types, Risk Factors, Diagnosis & Management

  https://www.medindia.net/health/conditions/liposarcoma.htm

  Exposure to high doses of radiation such as given during a previous cancer therapy, diagnosis or accidentally can also give rise to liposarcomas. […] Increased risks of liposarcoma have also been observed in relation to exposure to certain chemicals, including dioxins, vinyl chloride and phenoxyacetic herbicides. […] Sometimes, an association has been observed between liposarcomas and Epstein-Barr virus infection.

• #46 Risks and causes | Soft tissue sarcoma | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/soft-tissue-sarcoma/risks-causes

  We don’t know what causes most soft tissue sarcomas. But some factors may increase your risk of developing it. […] Several chemicals are thought to possibly increase the risk of some types of sarcoma. This might be in situations where people were exposed to high levels in their job over many years. […] The International Agency for Research on Cancer looks at the evidence for substances and their links with causing cancer. They say the following chemicals have limited evidence for causing soft tissue sarcoma: radioiodines, including iodine-131, polychlorophenols, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-para-dioxin. […] Some types of rare genetic conditions can increase your risk of getting a sarcoma. […] Families with Li Fraumeni syndrome have a higher risk of developing: soft tissue sarcoma, other cancers.

• #47 Risk Factors for Soft Tissue Sarcomas | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/soft-tissue-sarcoma/causes-risks-prevention/risk-factors.html

  Children with this gene defect also have a higher risk of developing bone or soft tissue sarcomas, especially if the retinoblastoma was treated with radiation. […] They also have an increased risk of cancer, including soft tissue sarcomas. […] Exposure to vinyl chloride (a chemical used in making plastics) is a risk factor for developing sarcomas of the liver, but it hasn’t been proven to cause soft tissue sarcomas. Arsenic has also been linked to a type of liver sarcoma but not soft tissue sarcoma. Exposure to dioxin and to herbicides that contain phenoxyacetic acid at high doses (such as might occur in people who work on farms) may also be risk factors, but this isn’t known for certain.

• #48 Retroperitoneal Liposarcoma | Treatment & Management | Point of Care

  https://www.statpearls.com/point-of-care/157242

  Distinct, recurrent genetic abnormalities are estimated to account for 30%40% of sarcomas and have a role in their etiology.[4] […] CDK4 and MDM2 gene amplification is found in over 90% of well-differentiated and de-differentiated liposarcomas.[5] […] Studies suggest that occupational exposure to dioxins or herbicides, such as Agent Orange, may increase the risk of sarcoma.[6] […] Additionally, therapeutic radiation carries a small but measurable long-term risk of developing soft tissue sarcoma, estimated at well below 1% overall.[7]

• #49 Risk Factors for Soft Tissue Sarcomas | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/soft-tissue-sarcoma/causes-risks-prevention/risk-factors.html

  Children with this gene defect also have a higher risk of developing bone or soft tissue sarcomas, especially if the retinoblastoma was treated with radiation. […] They also have an increased risk of cancer, including soft tissue sarcomas. […] Exposure to vinyl chloride (a chemical used in making plastics) is a risk factor for developing sarcomas of the liver, but it hasn’t been proven to cause soft tissue sarcomas. Arsenic has also been linked to a type of liver sarcoma but not soft tissue sarcoma. Exposure to dioxin and to herbicides that contain phenoxyacetic acid at high doses (such as might occur in people who work on farms) may also be risk factors, but this isn’t known for certain.

• #50 Liposarcoma | Oncology | Bon Secours

  https://www.bonsecours.com/health-care-services/cancer-care-oncology/conditions/liposarcoma

  Liposarcoma is caused when mutations (changes) occur in the fat cells, and then those cells grow and multiply quickly. […] The following factors may increase your risk for developing liposarcoma: Having specific inherited genetic syndromes, including: Li-Fraumeni syndrome, Familial adenomatous polyposis, Neurofibromatosis, Tuberous sclerosis, Werner syndrome. […] Having been exposed to certain harmful chemicals, including herbicides, dioxin or arsenic. […] Having undergone radiation therapy.

• #51 Risks and causes | Soft tissue sarcoma | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/soft-tissue-sarcoma/risks-causes

  We don’t know what causes most soft tissue sarcomas. But some factors may increase your risk of developing it. […] Several chemicals are thought to possibly increase the risk of some types of sarcoma. This might be in situations where people were exposed to high levels in their job over many years. […] The International Agency for Research on Cancer looks at the evidence for substances and their links with causing cancer. They say the following chemicals have limited evidence for causing soft tissue sarcoma: radioiodines, including iodine-131, polychlorophenols, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-para-dioxin. […] Some types of rare genetic conditions can increase your risk of getting a sarcoma. […] Families with Li Fraumeni syndrome have a higher risk of developing: soft tissue sarcoma, other cancers.

• #52 Liposarcoma – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/books/NBK538265/

  Liposarcoma, a tumor of lipoblasts, is a rare mesenchymal neoplasm that involves deep soft tissues, including the esophagus, retroperitoneum, and popliteal fossa. […] The cause of liposarcoma is still unknown. The American Cancer Society has identified some apparent risk factors for soft tissue sarcomas; however, multiple cases exist where patients have no apparent risk factors for the disease. The exact genetic mutation leading to these malignancies is still under investigation. Liposarcoma risk factors identified by the American Cancer Society include radiation (especially radiation therapy used to treat other malignancies), certain family cancer syndromes, damage/trauma to the lymphatic system, and exposure to toxic chemicals. It is important to note that liposarcomas do not develop from lipomas, which are completely benign. […] Liposarcoma occurs in patients without any identifiable risk factors or genetic predisposition. There are no known preventive strategies to limit the incidence of this disease thus far.

• #53 Liposarcoma Symptoms, Prognosis & Treatment

  https://www.medicinenet.com/liposarcoma/article.htm

  Liposarcoma cancer cells are similar to fat cells but are thought to develop from deeper fat tissues instead of superficial fat cells beneath the skin or mucous membranes. […] Although it is not known what triggers the development of liposarcomas, they are usually noted after trauma when a „hard lump” develops and remains but trauma or injury is not a risk factor. […] Risk factors for liposarcomas may include radiation, certain family cancer syndromes (for example, neurofibromatosis, Gardner syndrome), a damaged lymph system, and/or exposure to certain chemicals (for example, vinyl chloride, dioxin). […] Most liposarcomas develop in people with no known risk factors. Consequently, there is no way to prevent liposarcomas other than to avoid exposure to their risk factors listed above.

• #54 Liposarcoma – Diagnosis & Disease Information

  https://www.cancertherapyadvisor.com/ddi/liposarcoma/

  Although the exact etiology of liposarcoma remains unclear, several factors are believed to contribute to its development. Certain genetic mutations and alterations, such as amplification of the MDM2 gene, are commonly associated with liposarcoma. These genetic changes disrupt normal cell growth regulation, leading to uncontrolled proliferation of fat cells and tumor formation. Environmental factors such as exposure to radiation or certain chemicals may play a role in predisposing individuals to develop liposarcoma. Research continues to explore these genetic and environmental factors to better understand the underlying mechanisms driving the development and progression of liposarcoma. […] Age is a significant risk factor for developing liposarcoma. The incidence increases after age 50 and is highest in adults ages 70 to 80 years. Genetic factors, including gene mutations/alterations and inherited conditions such as Li-Fraumeni syndrome, also increase the risk of developing liposarcoma. Exposure to radiation, particularly radiation affecting soft tissue areas, is another notable risk factor. These factors collectively contribute to the complexity of liposarcomas etiology and highlight the importance of understanding individual patient risks for effective diagnosis and treatment.

• #55 Liposarcoma – Ortho MediSys

  https://orthomedisys.org/oncologic-surgery/liposarcoma/

  Liposarcoma tends to appear in people aged 50 to 65. Genetic syndromes, radiation exposure via cancer treatment, exposure to certain chemicals, and damage to your lymph system are all potential risk factors.

• #56 Liposarcoma – Diagnosis & Disease Information

  https://www.cancertherapyadvisor.com/ddi/liposarcoma/

  Although the exact etiology of liposarcoma remains unclear, several factors are believed to contribute to its development. Certain genetic mutations and alterations, such as amplification of the MDM2 gene, are commonly associated with liposarcoma. These genetic changes disrupt normal cell growth regulation, leading to uncontrolled proliferation of fat cells and tumor formation. Environmental factors such as exposure to radiation or certain chemicals may play a role in predisposing individuals to develop liposarcoma. Research continues to explore these genetic and environmental factors to better understand the underlying mechanisms driving the development and progression of liposarcoma. […] Age is a significant risk factor for developing liposarcoma. The incidence increases after age 50 and is highest in adults ages 70 to 80 years. Genetic factors, including gene mutations/alterations and inherited conditions such as Li-Fraumeni syndrome, also increase the risk of developing liposarcoma. Exposure to radiation, particularly radiation affecting soft tissue areas, is another notable risk factor. These factors collectively contribute to the complexity of liposarcomas etiology and highlight the importance of understanding individual patient risks for effective diagnosis and treatment.

• #57 Liposarcoma: Symptoms, Diagnosis, & Treatment Options

  https://sarcomaoncology.com/types-of-sarcoma/soft-tissue-sarcomas/liposarcoma/

  Liposarcoma is a rare form of soft tissue sarcoma that develops in the fat cells of your stomach and limbs. […] No specific genetic causes have been identified for liposarcoma and there is no visible sign of it in the initial stage. Symptoms are only visible once the tumor is large enough. […] The exact cause of liposarcoma is still unknown. Soft tissue tumors typically form because of changes in your fat cells. A series of abnormalities in these genes, like mutations or DNA alterations, can lead to the uncontrollable growth of cancer cells. […] Factors that may increase your risk of developing liposarcoma may include: Certain genetic syndromes, such as hereditary retinoblastoma and LiFraumeni syndrome; Exposure to some chemicals; Damaged lymph system; Exposure to radiation during treatment for another cancer; Being in the 20-40 years old age group; Men are at higher risk than women; Presence of atypical lipoma.

• #58 What is Liposarcoma? Symptoms, Types and Treatment Methods – Doç.Dr. Özgür Erdoğan

  https://www.docdrozgurerdogan.com/en/blog/what-is-liposarcoma

  Liposarcoma is a rare type of cancer that originates from fat cells in the body. […] The exact cause of liposarcoma is unknown. However, certain factors may increase the risk of developing this cancer: […] Some genetic disorders, such as Li-Fraumeni syndrome or Gardner syndrome, may increase the risk of liposarcoma. […] High doses of radiation therapy received in the past may lead to the development of malignant tumors like liposarcoma. […] Liposarcoma can occur at any age, but it is more commonly seen in individuals aged 50 and above. It may also be slightly more common in men than in women.

• #59 Dedifferentiated Liposarcoma – SFA

  https://curesarcoma.org/sarcoma-subtypes/dedifferentiated-liposarcoma/

  Dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLPS) arises from atypical lipomatous tumor/well-differentiated liposarcoma (ALT/WDLPS) and progresses to a high-grade, non-lipogenic sarcoma. […] DDLPS is a frequent type of liposarcoma, representing the majority of pleomorphic sarcomas found in the retroperitoneum. […] Dedifferentiation happens in approximately 10% of WDLPS cases, with a higher risk in deep-seated tumors (particularly those in the retroperitoneum) and a lower risk in the limbs. […] DDLPS affects the same population as ALT/WDLPS, with equal incidence in males and females. […] About 90% of cases develop de novo (new), and 10% arise in recurrent tumors. […] Etiology: Unknown.

• #60 Liposarcoma: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1102007-overview

  No well-established causative factor has been identified, although trauma has been implicated. […] The development of a liposarcoma from a preexisting benign lipoma is rare. Most cases arise de novo. Liposarcomas most frequently arise from the deep-seated stroma rather than the submucosal or subcutaneous fat.

• #61 Myxoid Liposarcoma – DoveMed

  https://www.dovemed.com/diseases-conditions/myxoid-liposarcoma

  The cause of development of these tumors is unknown, but some genetic mutations have been observed […] The exact cause and mechanism of formation of Myxoid Liposarcoma is unknown […] It is thought to occur spontaneously due to certain genetic mutations (chromosomal abnormalities) […] Contrary to some beliefs, trauma does not contribute to the formation of liposarcomas. Current studies also do not support that liposarcomas arise from lipomas (very common, benign fatty tumors).

• #62 Liposarcoma Symptoms, Prognosis & Treatment

  https://www.medicinenet.com/liposarcoma/article.htm

  Liposarcoma cancer cells are similar to fat cells but are thought to develop from deeper fat tissues instead of superficial fat cells beneath the skin or mucous membranes. […] Although it is not known what triggers the development of liposarcomas, they are usually noted after trauma when a „hard lump” develops and remains but trauma or injury is not a risk factor. […] Risk factors for liposarcomas may include radiation, certain family cancer syndromes (for example, neurofibromatosis, Gardner syndrome), a damaged lymph system, and/or exposure to certain chemicals (for example, vinyl chloride, dioxin). […] Most liposarcomas develop in people with no known risk factors. Consequently, there is no way to prevent liposarcomas other than to avoid exposure to their risk factors listed above.

• #63 Myxoid Liposarcoma – DoveMed

  https://www.dovemed.com/diseases-conditions/myxoid-liposarcoma

  The cause of development of these tumors is unknown, but some genetic mutations have been observed […] The exact cause and mechanism of formation of Myxoid Liposarcoma is unknown […] It is thought to occur spontaneously due to certain genetic mutations (chromosomal abnormalities) […] Contrary to some beliefs, trauma does not contribute to the formation of liposarcomas. Current studies also do not support that liposarcomas arise from lipomas (very common, benign fatty tumors).

• #64 Risks and causes | Soft tissue sarcoma | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/soft-tissue-sarcoma/risks-causes

  Children who have had retinoblastoma have an increased risk of developing a soft tissue sarcoma in the future. […] Kaposi’s sarcoma is caused by Human Herpes Virus 8 infection (HHV8). […] An infection called Epstein Barr virus (EBV) has been linked with leiomyosarcoma. […] There’s no evidence that an injury of any kind can cause a sarcoma.

• #65 Liposarcoma: Symptoms, pictures, causes, and treatment

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/318771

  Liposarcomas occur when previously healthy cells develop errors in their genetic code, or DNA, and start to multiply quickly. […] While the exact cause for this change is unclear, liposarcoma typically develops in males from 50-65 years of age. […] Risk factors for all types of soft tissue sarcomas include: a history of radiation to the abdomen or another body part, a history of genetically related cancer, exposure to cancer causing chemicals, damage to the lymphatic system. […] Doctors have not linked lifestyle choices, such as smoking or poor diet, to a heightened risk for liposarcomas.

• #66 Understanding Liposarcoma: A Comprehensive Guide – BeatCancer

  https://beatcancer.eu/liposarcoma/

  Liposarcomas exact causes remain unknown, but certain genetic mutations have been associated with the disease. […] Some environmental factors like radiation exposure have been suspected too. […] Lifestyle factors like obesity could potentially facilitate the disease, although no conclusive evidence supports this. […] It does appear, however, that some families could have a higher propensity for the illness as a result of inherited genetic traits.

• #67 Epistatic interaction between the lipase-encoding genes Pnpla2 and Lipe causes liposarcoma in mice | PLOS Genetics

  https://journals.plos.org/plosgenetics/article?id=10.1371/journal.pgen.1006716

  Liposarcoma is an often fatal cancer of fat cells. Mechanisms of liposarcoma development are incompletely understood. […] All DAKO mice developed liposarcoma between 11 and 14 months of age. […] These results show that a previously-unknown, fully penetrant epistatic interaction between Pnpla2 and Lipe can cause liposarcoma in mice. […] Our study reveals a novel epistatic interaction in fat cells between these two lipase genes and that causes a unique form of liposarcoma in mice. […] Our study showed that the combined deficiency of the two major lipases of adipose tissue, ATGL and HSL, causes a unique form of liposarcoma with complete penetrance in mice. This clearly reveals a positive synergistic epistatic interaction between the Pnpla2 and Lipe genes, because neither single lipase deficiency causes liposarcoma. […] Therefore, tissue specific inactivation of Pnpla2 and Lipe causes liposarcoma in mice, and down-regulation of PNPLA2 and LIPE expression occurs in human DDLS.

• #68 Co-expression of MDM2 and CDK4 in transformed human mesenchymal stem cells causes high-grade sarcoma with a dedifferentiated liposarcoma-like morphology | Laboratory Investigation

  https://www.nature.com/articles/s41374-019-0263-4

  MDM2 and CDK4 overexpression through gene amplification is an early event in liposarcoma tumorigenesis. […] Therefore, co-expression of MDM2 and CDK4 blocks the differentiation of adipogenesis from the early to late stages. […] Co-overexpression of MDM2 and CDK4 causes high-grade sarcoma with a DDLLPS-like morphology in transformed human BMSCs by accelerating cell growth and migration, and the blockage of adipogenic potential, after cooperation with multiple genetic factors.

• #69 Co-expression of MDM2 and CDK4 in transformed human mesenchymal stem cells causes high-grade sarcoma with a dedifferentiated liposarcoma-like morphology | Laboratory Investigation

  https://www.nature.com/articles/s41374-019-0263-4

  Amplification and overexpression of MDM2 and CDK4 are well-known diagnostic criteria for well-differentiated liposarcoma (WDLPS)/dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLPS). […] Despite their potency as driving factors, whether MDM2 and CDK4 induce WDLPS/DDLPS tumorigenesis remains unclear. […] Our results suggest that the co-overexpression of MDM2 and CDK4, along with multiple genetic factors, increases the tendency for high-grade sarcoma with a DDLPS-like morphology in transformed human BMSCs by accelerating their growth and migration and blocking their adipogenic potential. […] However, several other oncogenes, such as HMGA2, c-JUN, ZIC1, etc., have been reported to contribute to the tumorigenesis and progression of WDLPS/DDLP. […] Although amplification and overexpression of MDM2 and CDK4 are hallmark events of WDLPS/DDLPS, whether MDM2 and CDK4 drive WDLPS/DDLPS tumorigenesis remains unclear.

• #70 Second Primary Malignancies in Patients with Well-differentiated/Dedifferentiated Liposarcoma | Anticancer Research

  https://ar.iiarjournals.org/content/38/6/3535

  Well-differentiated/dedifferentiated (WD/DD) liposarcoma is a rare malignancy of putative adipocyte origin. […] There are no known risk factors (e.g. no association with any lifestyle, environmental, or socioeconomic factors) and to date, a genetic predisposition has not been reported. […] Previous unpublished data from one of the authors (WWT) of our group suggested a higher frequency of second primary malignancies in patients with WD/DD liposarcoma. […] This study raises questions regarding the etiology of second primary cancer in patients with WD/DD liposarcoma. […] While there are no known genetic cancer syndromes associated with 12q13-15 amplification, liposarcoma has been infrequently reported in select patients with Li-Fraumeni syndrome and neurofibromatosis. […] Interestingly, a recent study by Ballinger et al. found that in a large combined cohort of 1,162 patients with sarcoma, using targeted exon sequencing, more than half were actually found to have an excess of pathogenic germline monogenic and polygenic variants.

• #71 Liposarcoma – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/books/NBK538265/

  Liposarcoma, a tumor of lipoblasts, is a rare mesenchymal neoplasm that involves deep soft tissues, including the esophagus, retroperitoneum, and popliteal fossa. […] The cause of liposarcoma is still unknown. The American Cancer Society has identified some apparent risk factors for soft tissue sarcomas; however, multiple cases exist where patients have no apparent risk factors for the disease. The exact genetic mutation leading to these malignancies is still under investigation. Liposarcoma risk factors identified by the American Cancer Society include radiation (especially radiation therapy used to treat other malignancies), certain family cancer syndromes, damage/trauma to the lymphatic system, and exposure to toxic chemicals. It is important to note that liposarcomas do not develop from lipomas, which are completely benign. […] Liposarcoma occurs in patients without any identifiable risk factors or genetic predisposition. There are no known preventive strategies to limit the incidence of this disease thus far.

• #72 Liposarcoma Symptoms, Prognosis & Treatment

  https://www.medicinenet.com/liposarcoma/article.htm

  Liposarcoma cancer cells are similar to fat cells but are thought to develop from deeper fat tissues instead of superficial fat cells beneath the skin or mucous membranes. […] Although it is not known what triggers the development of liposarcomas, they are usually noted after trauma when a „hard lump” develops and remains but trauma or injury is not a risk factor. […] Risk factors for liposarcomas may include radiation, certain family cancer syndromes (for example, neurofibromatosis, Gardner syndrome), a damaged lymph system, and/or exposure to certain chemicals (for example, vinyl chloride, dioxin). […] Most liposarcomas develop in people with no known risk factors. Consequently, there is no way to prevent liposarcomas other than to avoid exposure to their risk factors listed above.

• #73 Liposarcoma – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/books/NBK538265/

  Liposarcoma, a tumor of lipoblasts, is a rare mesenchymal neoplasm that involves deep soft tissues, including the esophagus, retroperitoneum, and popliteal fossa. […] The cause of liposarcoma is still unknown. The American Cancer Society has identified some apparent risk factors for soft tissue sarcomas; however, multiple cases exist where patients have no apparent risk factors for the disease. The exact genetic mutation leading to these malignancies is still under investigation. Liposarcoma risk factors identified by the American Cancer Society include radiation (especially radiation therapy used to treat other malignancies), certain family cancer syndromes, damage/trauma to the lymphatic system, and exposure to toxic chemicals. It is important to note that liposarcomas do not develop from lipomas, which are completely benign. […] Liposarcoma occurs in patients without any identifiable risk factors or genetic predisposition. There are no known preventive strategies to limit the incidence of this disease thus far.

• #74 Liposarcoma – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liposarcoma

  The presence of extra copies of these two genes and/or their overproduced protein products is a highly sensitive and specific indicator that a lipomatous tumor is an ALT/WDL or DDL rather than some other type of lipomatous tumor. […] The neoplastic cells in both DDL and ALT/WDL carry similar small supernumerary marker chromosomes (sSMCs) and/or giant marker chromosomes that contain extra parts of chromosome 12’s q arm at bands 13 through 15. […] The alterations in gene copy numbers induced by these abnormalities are similar to those seen in the myxofibrosarcoma type of the histiocytomas.

• #75 Liposarcoma – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liposarcoma

  Liposarcomas arise from the precursor lipoblasts of the adipocytes (i.e. fat cells) in adipose (i.e. fat) tissues. […] The World Health Organization in 2020 reclassified liposarcomas into five more or less distinct forms: 1) atypical lipomatous tumor/well-differentiated liposarcoma (WD-LPS); 2) dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DD-LPS); 3) myxoid liposarcoma; 4) pleomorphic liposarcoma; and 5) myxoid pleomorphic liposarcoma. […] Studies to date find that all five liposarcoma forms, while usually treatable at least initially by surgical resection, are often only marginally responsive to currently used chemotherapy and radiotherapy regimens. […] The neoplastic cells in ALT/WDL tumors contain one or more extra ring-shaped small supernumerary marker chromosome (sSMC) or an abnormal giant marker chromosome (i.e. a formerly normal chromosome that is made abnormal by having a duplication of parts of its own or one or more other chromosome’s genetic material).

• #76 Second Primary Malignancies in Patients with Well-differentiated/Dedifferentiated Liposarcoma | Anticancer Research

  https://ar.iiarjournals.org/content/38/6/3535

  It is also possible that the occurrence of a second cancer in patients with WD/DD liposarcoma may have another etiology. […] The amplified locus at 12q13-15 contains several genes overexpression of which may account for the development of some of the secondary cancers. […] Overall, the findings reported in the current study are intended to increase awareness of this occurrence and stimulate deeper investigation through research into this rare disease. […] Ultimately, if our observations are validated, surveillance algorithms may need to be specifically modified to incorporate this risk. […] Further validation is needed and laboratory-based investigation is warranted to provide insight into etiology.

• #77 Liposarcoma – Diagnosis & Disease Information

  https://www.cancertherapyadvisor.com/ddi/liposarcoma/

  Although the exact etiology of liposarcoma remains unclear, several factors are believed to contribute to its development. Certain genetic mutations and alterations, such as amplification of the MDM2 gene, are commonly associated with liposarcoma. These genetic changes disrupt normal cell growth regulation, leading to uncontrolled proliferation of fat cells and tumor formation. Environmental factors such as exposure to radiation or certain chemicals may play a role in predisposing individuals to develop liposarcoma. Research continues to explore these genetic and environmental factors to better understand the underlying mechanisms driving the development and progression of liposarcoma. […] Age is a significant risk factor for developing liposarcoma. The incidence increases after age 50 and is highest in adults ages 70 to 80 years. Genetic factors, including gene mutations/alterations and inherited conditions such as Li-Fraumeni syndrome, also increase the risk of developing liposarcoma. Exposure to radiation, particularly radiation affecting soft tissue areas, is another notable risk factor. These factors collectively contribute to the complexity of liposarcomas etiology and highlight the importance of understanding individual patient risks for effective diagnosis and treatment.

• #78 Second Primary Malignancies in Patients with Well-differentiated/Dedifferentiated Liposarcoma | Anticancer Research

  https://ar.iiarjournals.org/content/38/6/3535

  It is also possible that the occurrence of a second cancer in patients with WD/DD liposarcoma may have another etiology. […] The amplified locus at 12q13-15 contains several genes overexpression of which may account for the development of some of the secondary cancers. […] Overall, the findings reported in the current study are intended to increase awareness of this occurrence and stimulate deeper investigation through research into this rare disease. […] Ultimately, if our observations are validated, surveillance algorithms may need to be specifically modified to incorporate this risk. […] Further validation is needed and laboratory-based investigation is warranted to provide insight into etiology.

• #79 Liposarcoma – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/books/NBK538265/

  Liposarcoma, a tumor of lipoblasts, is a rare mesenchymal neoplasm that involves deep soft tissues, including the esophagus, retroperitoneum, and popliteal fossa. […] The cause of liposarcoma is still unknown. The American Cancer Society has identified some apparent risk factors for soft tissue sarcomas; however, multiple cases exist where patients have no apparent risk factors for the disease. The exact genetic mutation leading to these malignancies is still under investigation. Liposarcoma risk factors identified by the American Cancer Society include radiation (especially radiation therapy used to treat other malignancies), certain family cancer syndromes, damage/trauma to the lymphatic system, and exposure to toxic chemicals. It is important to note that liposarcomas do not develop from lipomas, which are completely benign. […] Liposarcoma occurs in patients without any identifiable risk factors or genetic predisposition. There are no known preventive strategies to limit the incidence of this disease thus far.

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