Materiały źródłowe

• #1 MRSA infection – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/mrsa/symptoms-causes/syc-20375336

  Staph skin infections, including MRSA, generally start as swollen, painful red bumps that might look like pimples or spider bites. The affected area might be: […] These red bumps can quickly turn into deep, painful boils (abscesses) that require surgical draining. Sometimes the bacteria remain confined to the skin. But they can also burrow deep into the body, causing potentially life-threatening infections in bones, joints, surgical wounds, the bloodstream, heart valves and lungs. […] MRSA infections can resist the effects of many common antibiotics, so they’re more difficult to treat. This can allow the infections to spread and sometimes become life-threatening. […] MRSA infections may affect your: Bloodstream, Lungs, Heart, Bones, Joints.

• #2 Skin and Soft Tissue Infections Including MRSA Symptoms | Northwestern Medicine

  https://www.nm.org/conditions-and-care-areas/infectious-disease/skin-and-soft-tissue-infections/symptoms

  Most skin and soft tissue infections are characterized by redness, tenderness, warmth and oozing at the infection site. If the infection is more severe, additional symptoms may include: Fever, Chills, Nausea, Dizziness, Weakness, Dimpling of the skin, Swelling of the tissue, Itching and burning skin, Blisters that crust over. […] Necrotizing soft tissue infection can produce serious and even life-threatening symptoms, including: Intense pain, Rapid heartbeat, Rapidly spreading redness, Gray, foul-smelling drainage, Blisters with a crackling feeling in the underlying tissue, Numbness, The center of the infection area turns black, Shock. […] The MRSA infection: May be mistaken for a spider bite, May resemble a group of small pimples, Is red, swollen and painful to the touch, May have pus draining from the site, Fever, Fatigue. […] Complications of MRSA may include: Meningitis (infection of the brain or spinal cord), Pneumonia, Heart valve infection, Infection surrounding a medical device, such as a pacemaker or IV port, Bone or joint infection.

• #3 Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482221/

  MRSA infection is one of the leading causes of hospital-acquired infections and is commonly associated with significant morbidity, mortality, length of stay, and cost burden. […] MRSA can cause a range of organ-specific infections, the most common being the skin and subcutaneous tissues, followed by invasive infections like osteomyelitis, meningitis, pneumonia, lung abscess, and empyema. […] CA-MRSA is a predominant organism associated with SSTIs like cellulitis, necrotizing fasciitis, and diabetic foot ulcers. […] Staphylococcal pneumonia, historically known, as post-influenza pneumonia, was a distinct clinical entity with a dramatic onset of respiratory symptoms and mortality ranging from 80% to 90% in the pre-antibiotic era. […] MRSA is also a leading cause of hospital-acquired and ventilator-associated pneumonia.

• #4 Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482221/

  Bacteremia due to S. aureus has been reported to be associated with mortality rates of 15% to 60%. […] MRSA is an important cause of bacterial endocarditis which can cause mortality in about a third of the infected patients (30-37%). […] The majority of data indicate that MRSA increases mortality and morbidity in seniors, nursing home patients and those with organ dysfunction. Individuals with end-stage liver disease, renal insufficiency and those admitted to the ICU have high mortality rates when there is an associated MRSA infection. The mortality rates vary from 5-60%, depending on the patient population and site of infection.

• #5 MRSA: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

  https://patient.info/infections/mrsa-leaflet

  Infection with MRSA bacteria mainly occurs in people who are already ill in hospital. […] Many people are carriers of MRSA without even realising it, as MRSA often does not cause symptoms in healthy people. […] MRSA can affect you in two ways: either you are a carrier of MRSA or you have an infection caused by MRSA. […] This occurs when MRSA grows in or on your body with no signs or symptoms of an infection. Many people carry MRSA without it causing any symptoms whatsoever. […] Infections with MRSA are usually associated with high temperatures (fevers) and signs of the infection. […] As mentioned, most commonly these are infections of the skin and soft tissues – like boils and collections of pus (abscesses). Less commonly, MRSA can cause lung infection (pneumonia) and urine infections.

• #6 Learning about MRSA: A guide for Patients – MN Dept. of Health

  https://www.health.state.mn.us/diseases/staph/mrsa/book.html

  Most often, MRSA causes infections on the skin. These infections may look like any one of the following: […] It is also possible to have MRSA in other areas of the body, such as blood, lungs, joints, eyes, and urine. These types of infections are less common, although they can be more serious. […] You can have an active infection. An active infection means you have symptoms. This is usually a boil, a sore, or an infected cut that is red, swollen, or pus-filled. […] Many people with active infections are treated effectively, and no longer have MRSA. […] However, sometimes MRSA goes away after treatment and comes back several times. […] If MRSA infections keep coming back again and again, your doctor can help you figure out the reasons you keep getting them. […] MRSA should always be treated by a doctor. It is important to follow the instructions for treatment that your doctor gives you.

• #7 MRSA early stages: Signs and what to do

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/mrsa-early-stages

  MRSA may enter the body via a break in the skin, such as a cut or scrape. In the early stages, the affected skin typically forms a bump that may be red, swollen, and warm to the touch. It may become painful and may leak pus or drainage. […] According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the symptoms of an MRSA infection may differ depending on the part of the body the bacteria infects. Most infections begin in an area of broken skin, such as a cut or scrape. The infected area may then form a bump or sore, which may be: red, though this may be difficult to see on darker skin; swollen; painful; warm to the touch; leaking pus or drainage. […] In the initial stages, an MRSA infection typically appears as a raised bump on the skin. The bump may appear swollen, feel hot to the touch, and, on lighter skin, may appear red. The bump may then start to feel painful and begin oozing pus or drainage.

• #8 Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Basics | MRSA | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/mrsa/about/index.html

  The symptoms of an S. aureus infection, including MRSA, depend on the part of the body that is infected. Broken skin, such as scrapes or cuts, is often the site of a MRSA infection. Most S. aureus skin infections, including MRSA, appear as a bump or infected area on the skin that might be: […] You cannot tell by looking at the skin if it’s a MRSA infection. People sometimes confuse some MRSA skin infections with a spider bite. However, unless you actually see the spider, the irritation is likely not a spider bite. […] MRSA infections can cause serious problems in and outside of healthcare settings, including: […] Sepsis, the body’s extreme response to an infection (if left untreated). […] Death (if left untreated).

• #9 MRSA: Symptoms, Causes, Treatments, and Your Risk

  https://www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and-treatments/understanding-mrsa

  MRSA most often appears as a skin infection, such as a boil or abscess (a mass that is full of pus). At first, it might look like a pimple, but it can turn into a hard, painful lump that is red and filled with pus. An infection also might look like a skin lesion, or an area of skin thats different from the rest of your skin, like a sore. If there are red streaks branching out from the lesion, that may be a sign that the infection is spreading to your bloodstream. […] The symptoms of a MRSA infection depend on where the infection is. MRSA often gets into a skin injury such as a cut, scrape, or burn. It also might infect a surgical wound. […] The infected area may feel painful and warm to the touch. If its a skin injury, such as a cut, it may hurt more than a typical skin injury would. […] MRSA can cause many other symptoms because it can get into your bloodstream and then settle elsewhere in the body. Along with pain at the site of the infection, the symptoms may include: Fever, Chest pain, Shortness of breath, Fatigue, Muscle or joint pain, A rash.

• #10 MRSA: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment & Prevention

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/11633-methicillin-resistant-staphylococcus-aureus-mrsa

  MRSA symptoms vary by where you’re infected. Some symptoms common to many types of MRSA infections include: […] A rash or area of skin that’s red, discolored, painful, swollen, or filled with pus or fluid. MRSA skin infections can sometimes be mistaken for spider bites. […] If you have a skin infection, your provider will surgically treat and drain your wounds. They might give you topical or oral antibiotics. You’ll need to be treated in the hospital if you have a severe or invasive MRSA infection. […] CA-MRSA, especially skin infections, can be easier to treat than HA-MRSA. But up to 70% of MRSA skin infections come back (recur) after successful treatment. This might be because other people you live with or are around a lot are colonized with MRSA, or because MRSA lives on objects and surfaces for a long time, where it can reinfect you. […] Yes, more than half of all MRSA cases are cured with antibiotics, and providers successfully treat most MRSA skin infections. But serious infections like pneumonia, endocarditis and bacteremia can quickly get worse before a provider can find a treatment that works.

• #11 MRSA infection – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/mrsa/symptoms-causes/syc-20375336

  Staph skin infections, including MRSA, generally start as swollen, painful red bumps that might look like pimples or spider bites. The affected area might be: […] These red bumps can quickly turn into deep, painful boils (abscesses) that require surgical draining. Sometimes the bacteria remain confined to the skin. But they can also burrow deep into the body, causing potentially life-threatening infections in bones, joints, surgical wounds, the bloodstream, heart valves and lungs. […] MRSA infections can resist the effects of many common antibiotics, so they’re more difficult to treat. This can allow the infections to spread and sometimes become life-threatening. […] MRSA infections may affect your: Bloodstream, Lungs, Heart, Bones, Joints.

• #12 MRSA symptoms: What they are, causes, treatment, and more

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/mrsa-symptoms

  Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a bacterium that does not respond to several antibiotics. Depending on which part of the body it affects, symptoms range from skin infections to breathing problems. […] The CDC note that the symptoms will depend on the part of the body that has the infection. […] A 2020 article states that MRSA most commonly affects the skin and soft tissues. […] If the infection spreads further into the body than the skin, a person can experience high fever, chills, confusion, dizziness, aches and pains. […] For skin infections, a person may notice a bump or lesion on the skin that is swollen, warm, inflamed, painful, and full of pus. […] They may also experience a fever. […] MRSA can cause pneumonia, lung abscesses, and empyema. […] Symptoms of pneumonia include shortness of breath, cough, fever and chills, rapid breathing, sharp or stabbing pain in the chest, nausea, vomiting, and confusion.

• #13 Staphylococcus aureus Infections – Infections – MSD Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.msdmanuals.com/home/infections/bacterial-infections-gram-positive-bacteria/staphylococcus-aureus-infections

  Skin infections may cause blisters, abscesses, and redness and swelling in the infected area. […] Skin infections due to Staphylococcus aureus can include the following: Folliculitis is the least serious. A hair root (follicle) is infected, causing a slightly painful, tiny pimple at the base of a hair. […] Abscesses (boils or furuncles) are warm, painful collections of pus just below the skin. […] Cellulitis is infection of skin and the tissue just under it. Cellulitis spreads, causing pain and redness. […] Toxic epidermal necrolysis and, in newborns, scalded skin syndrome are serious infections. Both lead to large-scale peeling of skin. […] Pneumonia often causes a high fever, shortness of breath, and a cough with sputum that may be tinged with blood. Lung abscesses may develop.

• #14 Content – Health Encyclopedia – University of Rochester Medical Center

  https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content?contentTypeid=160&contentid=49

  A MRSA infection is most often limited to the skin. But sometimes the bacteria get through the skin through an open wound. For children, the most common place of infection is through a simple cut or scrape. […] The symptoms of a MRSA skin infection may include any of the below: Bump that is painful, red, leaking fluid, or swollen and may look like a spider bite, pimple, or boil. Bumps under the skin that are swollen or firm. Skin around a sore that is red, warm, or hot. Bump that gets bigger quickly or doesn’t heal. Painful sore along with a fever. Rash or fluid-filled blisters. Boil or sore (abscess) that leaks fluid. […] Signs of a systemic infection include any of the above, plus: Fever, Chills, Severe headache, Sleepiness, Dizziness or fainting. This type of infection needs treatment right away. […] Symptoms include painful, red bumps that leak fluid. A child may also have a fever, chills, and headache.

• #15 Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) – UF Health

  https://ufhealth.org/conditions-and-treatments/methicillin-resistant-staphylococcus-aureus-mrsa

  It is normal for healthy people to have staph on their skin. Many of us do. Most of the time, it does not cause an infection or any symptoms. This is called „colonization” or „being colonized.” Someone who is colonized with MRSA can spread it to other people. […] A sign of a staph skin infection is a red, swollen, and painful area on the skin. Pus or other fluids may drain from this area. It may look like a boil. These symptoms are more likely to occur if the skin has been cut or rubbed, because this gives the MRSA germ a way to enter your body. Symptoms are also more likely in areas where there is more body hair, because the germ can get into hair follicles. […] MRSA infection in people who are in health care facilities tends to be severe. These infections may be in the bloodstream, heart, lungs or other organs, urine, or in the area of a recent surgery. Some symptoms of these severe infections may include: Chest pain, Cough or shortness of breath, Fatigue, Fever and chills, General ill feeling, Headache, Rash, Wounds that do not heal.

• #16 Symptoms & Treatment For MRSA | NJ’s Infectious Disease Specialists

  https://idcare.com/infection/mrsa/

  MRSA will start as swollen, painful red bumps that look similar to pimples or spider bites and are warm to the touch, full of pus or other drainages, and often accompanied by a fever. […] These bumps can quickly turn into deep, painful abscesses that typically require surgical drainage. […] And while some bacteria remain on the skin, others can burrow deep into your body and cause potentially life-threatening infections.

• #17

  https://111.wales.nhs.uk/encyclopaedia/m/article/mrsa

  MRSA is a type of bacteria that usually lives harmlessly on the skin. But if it gets inside the body, it can cause a serious infection that needs immediate treatment with antibiotics. […] Most people with MRSA bacteria on their skin do not have any symptoms. […] But if you get an MRSA infection under your skin, you may have an area of skin that: is painful and swollen, feels warm when you touch it, leaks pus or liquid, looks red though this may be harder to see on brown or black skin. […] If the infection spreads to your blood or lungs, or another part of your body, symptoms may include: high temperature, difficulty breathing, chills, dizziness, confusion. […] You have a cut or wound that: is painful, swollen or red, feels warm when you touch it, leaks pus or liquid. […] These could be signs of a skin infection such as MRSA. Some skin infections can be serious, so they need to be checked quickly.

• #18

  https://111.wales.nhs.uk/encyclopaedia/m/article/mrsa

  Call 999 or go to AE if somebody: is acting confused, has slurred speech and is not making sense, has difficulty breathing, such as breathlessness or breathing very fast, has blue, grey, pale or blotchy skin, lips or tongue on brown or black skin, this may be easier to see on the palms of the hands or soles of the feet, has a rash that does not fade when you roll a glass over it, the same as meningitis.

• #19 MRSA symptoms: What they are, causes, treatment, and more

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/mrsa-symptoms

  Symptoms of a lung abscess can be similar to those of pneumonia. […] Symptoms may include pain in the affected area, fever, chills, fatigue, and irritability. […] Symptoms include chills and fever. […] The symptoms of endocarditis include fever of 102-104F, chills, fatigue, night sweats, aching joints, fast heart rate, cough, and swelling of the feet, abdomen, or legs. […] If a person develops a skin infection, they may notice a lump, lesion, or abscess that is painful and warm to the touch. […] They may also notice inflamed skin, pus, and a fever.

• #20 Staph infections – symptoms, causes, treatment and prevention | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/staph-infections

  There are many different types of staph infection. Your symptoms will depend on the type of infection that you’ve got. […] The symptoms of staph infections will depend on the type of infection. […] Some staph infections can be serious. […] Symptoms of invasive staph infection can be: a temperature above 38C, a fast heartbeat, trouble breathing, dizziness, confusion or disorientation, feeling sleepy, reduced urination (not weeing as much as normal). […] If you have these symptoms you need to seek medical care as soon as possible. […] Symptoms of a staph skin infection include redness and swelling of the infected area. It can feel painful or hot. Sores are often filled with pus. […] Invasive staph infections are far less common than skin infections. However, they are usually worse.

• #21 MRSA

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/mrsa/

  Most people with MRSA bacteria on their skin do not have any symptoms. […] But if you get an MRSA infection under your skin, you may have an area of skin that: is painful and swollen, feels warm when you touch it, leaks pus or liquid, looks red though this may be harder to see on brown or black skin. […] If the infection spreads to your blood or lungs, or another part of your body, symptoms may include: high temperature, difficulty breathing, chills, dizziness, confusion. […] You have a cut or wound that: is painful, swollen or red, feels warm when you touch it, leaks pus or liquid. […] These could be signs of a skin infection such as MRSA. […] Immediate action required: Call 999 or go to AE if somebody: is acting confused, has slurred speech and is not making sense, has difficulty breathing, such as breathlessness or breathing very fast, has blue, grey, pale or blotchy skin, lips or tongue on brown or black skin, this may be easier to see on the palms of the hands or soles of the feet, has a rash that does not fade when you roll a glass over it, the same as meningitis.

• #22 MRSA | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/coping/physically/mrsa

  The symptoms of an infection with MRSA depend on the part of the body that is infected. […] Common sites where MRSA infections can develop include: broken skin, the bloodstream (bacteraemia and sepsis), joints of the bones, the lungs (pneumonia), heart (endocarditis), urine (wee) infections. […] There are several symptoms you might have when you have an infection: pain, redness, discharge, swelling or heat at the site of a wound or intravenous line such as a central line or PICC line, wounds that are slow to heal, skin changes – redness, feeling hot, swelling or pain, boils or abscesses (pus filled areas), a change in your temperature – 37.5C or higher or below 36C, flu-like symptoms – feeling cold and shivery, headaches, and aching muscles, pain having a wee, going more often, cloudy or foul-smelling wee, pain anywhere in your body that was not there before your treatment, a fast heartbeat, being sick (vomiting), a headache.

• #23 MRSA | Infectious Diseases

  https://health.ucdavis.edu/conditions/mrsa

  MRSA is a serious, potentially fatal, bacterial infection. Get medical care at the first signs of MRSA. […] Not all methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) skin infections will cause severe symptoms, but its important to get medical care at the first signs of MRSA. […] MRSA symptoms may be mild or severe. […] MRSA symptoms might resemble a spider bite or allergic skin reaction at first. Look for: Bump on your skin that is hard, painful or tender, Blister or fluid-filled boil, Pus or drainage from a wound, Red or inflamed skin, Skin that feels warm to the touch, Swelling around a wound or skin bump. […] MRSA can lead to sepsis, a life-threatening medical emergency. Go the nearest emergency room if you have: Confusion, disorientation or slurred speech, High fever, chills or flu-like symptoms, Rapid heart rate or a weak pulse, Shortness of breath, Sweaty, cold or pale skin.

• #24 MRSA Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/diseases-conditions/mrsa

  MRSA infection in people who are in health care facilities tends to be severe. These infections may be in the bloodstream, heart, lungs or other organs, urine, or in the area of a recent surgery. Some symptoms of these severe infections may include: […] A sign of a staph skin infection is a red, swollen, and painful area on the skin. Pus or other fluids may drain from this area. It may look like a boil. These symptoms are more likely to occur if the skin has been cut or rubbed, because this gives the MRSA germ a way to enter your body. Symptoms are also more likely in areas where there is more body hair, because the germ can get into hair follicles. […] Some symptoms of these severe infections may include: Chest pain, Cough or shortness of breath, Fatigue, Fever and chills, General ill feeling, Headache, Rash, Wounds that do not heal.

• #25 How Long Does It Take for MRSA to Heal?

  https://www.healthline.com/health/mrsa-healing-stages

  Depending on how severe your infection is, MRSA wounds can take from a few days to several months to heal. […] MRSA appears as a skin infection but can spread throughout the body. It may progress through stages, and the resulting wounds can take more time to heal. […] Once you start treatment for MRSA, it may take from a few days for a mild infection to a few months to fully heal for a more serious infection. […] The healing stages for MRSA wounds vary based on how severe the infection is and your overall health. […] In general, MRSA wound healing will go through these stages: Hemostasis, Inflammation, Proliferation, Remodeling. […] The progression of MRSA and related wound infection can be categorized as follows: Contamination, Colonization, Local infection, Systemic infection. […] MRSA infection symptoms might look like swelling, redness, warmth, pain, and pus drainage.

• #26 MRSA: Early Stages of Infection and How It’s Treated

  https://www.healthline.com/health/early-mrsa

  MRSA infection may begin as a small bump on the skin. Treating the early signs can help you avoid complications like pneumonia or sepsis. […] The earliest symptoms of MRSA infection include a bump or wound that may look like a bug bite or spider bite. In this early stage, you may also experience: redness, pain, swelling, warmth, discharge, slow wound healing. […] As the infection worsens, you may also have other symptoms like: fever, chills, dizziness, confusion. […] Without treatment, MRSA can spread to other parts of the body and lead to severe infection. In the most severe cases, MRSA can lead to sepsis and death. […] With early identification and prompt treatment, MRSA infections respond well to wound care and antibiotics. […] Speak with your doctor if you have a wound or bump that won’t heal especially if you have a fever. MRSA is the cause of more than 70,000 severe infections and up to 9,000 deaths yearly. Early treatment can stop the infection from spreading and becoming more serious.

• #27 How Long Does It Take for MRSA to Heal?

  https://www.healthline.com/health/mrsa-healing-stages

  Depending on how severe your infection is, MRSA wounds can take from a few days to several months to heal. […] MRSA appears as a skin infection but can spread throughout the body. It may progress through stages, and the resulting wounds can take more time to heal. […] Once you start treatment for MRSA, it may take from a few days for a mild infection to a few months to fully heal for a more serious infection. […] The healing stages for MRSA wounds vary based on how severe the infection is and your overall health. […] In general, MRSA wound healing will go through these stages: Hemostasis, Inflammation, Proliferation, Remodeling. […] The progression of MRSA and related wound infection can be categorized as follows: Contamination, Colonization, Local infection, Systemic infection. […] MRSA infection symptoms might look like swelling, redness, warmth, pain, and pus drainage.

• #28 Staph Infection Stages: Pictures and Symptoms

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/staph-infection-stages-from-start-to-recovery-and-onwards-6823988

  Staph (staphylococcal) infection stages range from mild to extremely serious and even life-threatening. However, if you catch and treat it early, you can keep it from becoming more serious. […] In the early stage, Staphylococcus is confined to a small area, usually discolored and sore. It may look like a small pimple or boil. It could be swollen, and sometimes you’ll have pus or drainage. […] The body can often ward off the infection at this stage. If not, the infection can spread until its treated with antibiotics. […] MRSA is a type of staph infection, but the bacteria that cause don’t go away in response to antibiotics. Antibiotic resistance makes MRSA infections difficult to treat. MRSA is so difficult to treat that the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention considers it a „serious threat.”

• #29 How Long Does It Take for MRSA to Heal?

  https://www.healthline.com/health/mrsa-healing-stages

  Depending on how severe your infection is, MRSA wounds can take from a few days to several months to heal. […] MRSA appears as a skin infection but can spread throughout the body. It may progress through stages, and the resulting wounds can take more time to heal. […] Once you start treatment for MRSA, it may take from a few days for a mild infection to a few months to fully heal for a more serious infection. […] The healing stages for MRSA wounds vary based on how severe the infection is and your overall health. […] In general, MRSA wound healing will go through these stages: Hemostasis, Inflammation, Proliferation, Remodeling. […] The progression of MRSA and related wound infection can be categorized as follows: Contamination, Colonization, Local infection, Systemic infection. […] MRSA infection symptoms might look like swelling, redness, warmth, pain, and pus drainage.

• #30 MRSA early stages: Signs and what to do

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/mrsa-early-stages

  In the early stages, an MRSA infection may cause a raised bump on the skin, which may be swollen and warm to the touch. As the infection develops, the bump may become more painful and ooze pus or drainage. Without appropriate treatment with oral antibiotics, the infection can enter the bloodstream and may infect other organs and tissues. At this stage, IV antibiotics are necessary to help prevent serious complications.

• #31 How Long Does It Take for MRSA to Heal?

  https://www.healthline.com/health/mrsa-healing-stages

  Depending on how severe your infection is, MRSA wounds can take from a few days to several months to heal. […] MRSA appears as a skin infection but can spread throughout the body. It may progress through stages, and the resulting wounds can take more time to heal. […] Once you start treatment for MRSA, it may take from a few days for a mild infection to a few months to fully heal for a more serious infection. […] The healing stages for MRSA wounds vary based on how severe the infection is and your overall health. […] In general, MRSA wound healing will go through these stages: Hemostasis, Inflammation, Proliferation, Remodeling. […] The progression of MRSA and related wound infection can be categorized as follows: Contamination, Colonization, Local infection, Systemic infection. […] MRSA infection symptoms might look like swelling, redness, warmth, pain, and pus drainage.

• #32 How Long Does It Take for MRSA to Heal?

  https://www.healthline.com/health/mrsa-healing-stages

  Overall, the healing time for MRSA can vary greatly, depending on the severity of the infection and your overall health. […] The time it takes for a MRSA wound to close can vary depending on the severity of the infection, the location of the wound, and your overall health. […] In general, a mild MRSA skin infection may start to improve within a few days of starting treatment, with the wound beginning to close shortly afterward. […] Deeper or more extensive skin infections, such as abscesses, may take several weeks or more of treatment and wound care. […] Depending on the severity of the infection, MRSA wounds can take from a few days to several months to heal.

• #33 Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482221/

  Bacteremia due to S. aureus has been reported to be associated with mortality rates of 15% to 60%. […] MRSA is an important cause of bacterial endocarditis which can cause mortality in about a third of the infected patients (30-37%). […] The majority of data indicate that MRSA increases mortality and morbidity in seniors, nursing home patients and those with organ dysfunction. Individuals with end-stage liver disease, renal insufficiency and those admitted to the ICU have high mortality rates when there is an associated MRSA infection. The mortality rates vary from 5-60%, depending on the patient population and site of infection.

• #34 Staphylococcal infections

  https://www.rch.org.au/kidsinfo/fact_sheets/staphylococcal_infections/

  Staph generally causes no problems or illness. However, if the bacteria enters the body through a wound, cut or graze, or open skin (e.g. broken skin caused by eczema), it may cause an infection. Staph is one of the most common causes of skin infections and can cause serious wound infections. […] If your child has a staph infection of an existing or new wound, they may have: swelling around the wound, a wound that fails to completely heal, a fever, redness and heat around the wound, yellow-coloured crusting (scabs) and weeping. […] Staph can cause other kinds of illnesses including bone infections, impetigo (school sores), pneumonia and blood stream infections. […] Scalded skin syndrome is caused by staph and is usually seen in children under the age of two years. It can start with a lesion (sore) around the nose or mouth, which then quickly develops into a bright red area. When touched, the affected skin may peel off in sheets; antibiotic therapy is needed.

• #35 Staphylococcal infections

  https://www.rch.org.au/kidsinfo/fact_sheets/staphylococcal_infections/

  Recovery time will depend on the general overall health of your child. If your child has a poor immune system, then a staph infection can be quite serious. Children with lowered immunity or a serious infection would need to be admitted to hospital for intravenous antibiotics. […] Staph infections resistant to some antibiotics are called MRSA or golden staph infections, however they can still be treated by some antibiotics.

• #36 Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482221/

  Bacteremia due to S. aureus has been reported to be associated with mortality rates of 15% to 60%. […] MRSA is an important cause of bacterial endocarditis which can cause mortality in about a third of the infected patients (30-37%). […] The majority of data indicate that MRSA increases mortality and morbidity in seniors, nursing home patients and those with organ dysfunction. Individuals with end-stage liver disease, renal insufficiency and those admitted to the ICU have high mortality rates when there is an associated MRSA infection. The mortality rates vary from 5-60%, depending on the patient population and site of infection.

• #37 MRSA in the Elderly: Symptoms, Causes, and Prevention

  https://www.aplaceformom.com/caregiver-resources/articles/mrsa-in-the-elderly

  MRSA is most common as a skin infection because Staphylococci or staph are common bacteria that live on the skin. They cause infection whenever they enter the skin through a cut or sore. A person can also become infected with MRSA when the bacteria move inside of the body through a catheter, a breathing tube, or another entry point. […] MRSA infections can be minor, such as a mild scratch or a pimple, but can become problematic if left untreated. A typical staph infection normally causes a red, swollen, and painful area on the skin, according to information provided by the National Library of Medicine. Other symptoms may include: A skin abscess, Drainage of pus or other fluids from the site, Fever, Warmth around the infected area. […] Symptoms of a more serious staph infection may include: Rash, Shortness of breath, Fever, Chills, Chest pain, Fatigue, Muscle aches, Malaise, Headache. […] MRSAs deadliness depends on the severity of the infection, but its mortality rates are between 15% and 42%. MRSA infections can be fatal in young people but have higher death rates in elderly patients.

• #38 How Long Does It Take for MRSA to Heal?

  https://www.healthline.com/health/mrsa-healing-stages

  Overall, the healing time for MRSA can vary greatly, depending on the severity of the infection and your overall health. […] The time it takes for a MRSA wound to close can vary depending on the severity of the infection, the location of the wound, and your overall health. […] In general, a mild MRSA skin infection may start to improve within a few days of starting treatment, with the wound beginning to close shortly afterward. […] Deeper or more extensive skin infections, such as abscesses, may take several weeks or more of treatment and wound care. […] Depending on the severity of the infection, MRSA wounds can take from a few days to several months to heal.

• #39 MRSA: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment & Prevention

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/11633-methicillin-resistant-staphylococcus-aureus-mrsa

  MRSA symptoms vary by where you’re infected. Some symptoms common to many types of MRSA infections include: […] A rash or area of skin that’s red, discolored, painful, swollen, or filled with pus or fluid. MRSA skin infections can sometimes be mistaken for spider bites. […] If you have a skin infection, your provider will surgically treat and drain your wounds. They might give you topical or oral antibiotics. You’ll need to be treated in the hospital if you have a severe or invasive MRSA infection. […] CA-MRSA, especially skin infections, can be easier to treat than HA-MRSA. But up to 70% of MRSA skin infections come back (recur) after successful treatment. This might be because other people you live with or are around a lot are colonized with MRSA, or because MRSA lives on objects and surfaces for a long time, where it can reinfect you. […] Yes, more than half of all MRSA cases are cured with antibiotics, and providers successfully treat most MRSA skin infections. But serious infections like pneumonia, endocarditis and bacteremia can quickly get worse before a provider can find a treatment that works.

• #40 How Long Does It Take for MRSA to Heal?

  https://www.healthline.com/health/mrsa-healing-stages

  Overall, the healing time for MRSA can vary greatly, depending on the severity of the infection and your overall health. […] The time it takes for a MRSA wound to close can vary depending on the severity of the infection, the location of the wound, and your overall health. […] In general, a mild MRSA skin infection may start to improve within a few days of starting treatment, with the wound beginning to close shortly afterward. […] Deeper or more extensive skin infections, such as abscesses, may take several weeks or more of treatment and wound care. […] Depending on the severity of the infection, MRSA wounds can take from a few days to several months to heal.

• #41 MRSA: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment & Prevention

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/11633-methicillin-resistant-staphylococcus-aureus-mrsa

  MRSA symptoms vary by where you’re infected. Some symptoms common to many types of MRSA infections include: […] A rash or area of skin that’s red, discolored, painful, swollen, or filled with pus or fluid. MRSA skin infections can sometimes be mistaken for spider bites. […] If you have a skin infection, your provider will surgically treat and drain your wounds. They might give you topical or oral antibiotics. You’ll need to be treated in the hospital if you have a severe or invasive MRSA infection. […] CA-MRSA, especially skin infections, can be easier to treat than HA-MRSA. But up to 70% of MRSA skin infections come back (recur) after successful treatment. This might be because other people you live with or are around a lot are colonized with MRSA, or because MRSA lives on objects and surfaces for a long time, where it can reinfect you. […] Yes, more than half of all MRSA cases are cured with antibiotics, and providers successfully treat most MRSA skin infections. But serious infections like pneumonia, endocarditis and bacteremia can quickly get worse before a provider can find a treatment that works.

• #42 MRSA: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment & Prevention

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/11633-methicillin-resistant-staphylococcus-aureus-mrsa

  MRSA symptoms vary by where you’re infected. Some symptoms common to many types of MRSA infections include: […] A rash or area of skin that’s red, discolored, painful, swollen, or filled with pus or fluid. MRSA skin infections can sometimes be mistaken for spider bites. […] If you have a skin infection, your provider will surgically treat and drain your wounds. They might give you topical or oral antibiotics. You’ll need to be treated in the hospital if you have a severe or invasive MRSA infection. […] CA-MRSA, especially skin infections, can be easier to treat than HA-MRSA. But up to 70% of MRSA skin infections come back (recur) after successful treatment. This might be because other people you live with or are around a lot are colonized with MRSA, or because MRSA lives on objects and surfaces for a long time, where it can reinfect you. […] Yes, more than half of all MRSA cases are cured with antibiotics, and providers successfully treat most MRSA skin infections. But serious infections like pneumonia, endocarditis and bacteremia can quickly get worse before a provider can find a treatment that works.

• #43 Tips to Prevent MRSA in the NICU: Fact Sheet for Families

  https://www.massgeneral.org/children/mrsa

  When a person has an infection with MRSA, they have symptoms, such as a boil, sore or infected cut that is red, swollen or filled with pus. […] If your baby does develop a MRSA infection, the care team will start treatment right away. […] Different people may have MRSA colonization for different lengths of time. About half of people who have a MRSA colonization will get rid of MRSA within a few months without any treatment. For others, it may last longer.

• #44 MRSA infection – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/mrsa/symptoms-causes/syc-20375336

  Staph skin infections, including MRSA, generally start as swollen, painful red bumps that might look like pimples or spider bites. The affected area might be: […] These red bumps can quickly turn into deep, painful boils (abscesses) that require surgical draining. Sometimes the bacteria remain confined to the skin. But they can also burrow deep into the body, causing potentially life-threatening infections in bones, joints, surgical wounds, the bloodstream, heart valves and lungs. […] MRSA infections can resist the effects of many common antibiotics, so they’re more difficult to treat. This can allow the infections to spread and sometimes become life-threatening. […] MRSA infections may affect your: Bloodstream, Lungs, Heart, Bones, Joints.

• #45 MRSA: What It Is, Causes, Symptoms & Treatment – Southern Iowa Mental Health Center

  https://simhcottumwa.org/mrsa-what-it-is-causes-symptoms-treatment/

  MRSA symptoms […] The symptoms of a staph infection of the skin can include: Redness, Inflammation, Pain, Fever, Seeping pus, Fever. […] Internal MRSA infections are more common in hospitals and other health care facilities. They can cause the following symptoms: Coughing, Chest pain, Shortness of breath, Unhealed wounds, Headache, Rash, Fatigue.

• #46 Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482221/

  Bacteremia due to S. aureus has been reported to be associated with mortality rates of 15% to 60%. […] MRSA is an important cause of bacterial endocarditis which can cause mortality in about a third of the infected patients (30-37%). […] The majority of data indicate that MRSA increases mortality and morbidity in seniors, nursing home patients and those with organ dysfunction. Individuals with end-stage liver disease, renal insufficiency and those admitted to the ICU have high mortality rates when there is an associated MRSA infection. The mortality rates vary from 5-60%, depending on the patient population and site of infection.

• #47 Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Basics | MRSA | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/mrsa/about/index.html

  The symptoms of an S. aureus infection, including MRSA, depend on the part of the body that is infected. Broken skin, such as scrapes or cuts, is often the site of a MRSA infection. Most S. aureus skin infections, including MRSA, appear as a bump or infected area on the skin that might be: […] You cannot tell by looking at the skin if it’s a MRSA infection. People sometimes confuse some MRSA skin infections with a spider bite. However, unless you actually see the spider, the irritation is likely not a spider bite. […] MRSA infections can cause serious problems in and outside of healthcare settings, including: […] Sepsis, the body’s extreme response to an infection (if left untreated). […] Death (if left untreated).

• #48 Staph infections – symptoms, causes, treatment and prevention | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/staph-infections

  There are many different types of staph infection. Your symptoms will depend on the type of infection that you’ve got. […] The symptoms of staph infections will depend on the type of infection. […] Some staph infections can be serious. […] Symptoms of invasive staph infection can be: a temperature above 38C, a fast heartbeat, trouble breathing, dizziness, confusion or disorientation, feeling sleepy, reduced urination (not weeing as much as normal). […] If you have these symptoms you need to seek medical care as soon as possible. […] Symptoms of a staph skin infection include redness and swelling of the infected area. It can feel painful or hot. Sores are often filled with pus. […] Invasive staph infections are far less common than skin infections. However, they are usually worse.

• #49 MRSA in Nursing Homes | Symptoms of MRSA in Elderly Residents, Complications & Proper MRSA Precautions in Nursing Homes – Berman & Riedel, LLPenvelope-ocloseplay-circle-ochevron-upchevron-downphonetwitterfacebookbarsenvelopelinkedinyoutube-playyelp

  https://bermanlawyers.com/mrsa-in-nursing-homes/

  A MRSA UTI can lead to a MRSA bloodstream infection with far more serious symptoms and a higher mortality rate. […] MRSA infection can lead to pneumonia, empyema, and lung abscesses. Common pneumonia symptoms may include: Unproductive cough; Rapid breathing; Stabbing or sharp chest pain; Shortness of breath; Fever; Chills; Vomiting or nausea; Confusion. […] If MRSA enters the blood, it can lead to a systemic bloodstream infection known as bacteremia. This can trigger sepsis, a seriously life-threatening condition that can cause acute organ damage, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), low blood pressure, decreased urination, and altered mental status. […] The first signs of MRSA are usually small, red bumps that become painful and deep abscesses of the skin. They may resemble a spider bite. The skin may be warm to the touch, tender, or swollen.

• #50 MRSA | Infectious Diseases

  https://health.ucdavis.edu/conditions/mrsa

  MRSA is a serious, potentially fatal, bacterial infection. Get medical care at the first signs of MRSA. […] Not all methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) skin infections will cause severe symptoms, but its important to get medical care at the first signs of MRSA. […] MRSA symptoms may be mild or severe. […] MRSA symptoms might resemble a spider bite or allergic skin reaction at first. Look for: Bump on your skin that is hard, painful or tender, Blister or fluid-filled boil, Pus or drainage from a wound, Red or inflamed skin, Skin that feels warm to the touch, Swelling around a wound or skin bump. […] MRSA can lead to sepsis, a life-threatening medical emergency. Go the nearest emergency room if you have: Confusion, disorientation or slurred speech, High fever, chills or flu-like symptoms, Rapid heart rate or a weak pulse, Shortness of breath, Sweaty, cold or pale skin.

• #51 MRSA | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/coping/physically/mrsa

  Call your 24 hour advice line or NHS 111 straight away if you have any of these symptoms. It’s very important to treat an infection early to stop it becoming a more serious problem. […] An infection can develop into a more serious condition called sepsis which can be life threatening. Call 999 or go to your local Accident and Emergency (AE) immediately if you have any of the following: slurred speech or confusion, extreme shivering or muscle pain, passing no urine (in a day), severe breathlessness, skin mottled or discoloured.

• #52 Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482221/

  MRSA infection is one of the leading causes of hospital-acquired infections and is commonly associated with significant morbidity, mortality, length of stay, and cost burden. […] MRSA can cause a range of organ-specific infections, the most common being the skin and subcutaneous tissues, followed by invasive infections like osteomyelitis, meningitis, pneumonia, lung abscess, and empyema. […] CA-MRSA is a predominant organism associated with SSTIs like cellulitis, necrotizing fasciitis, and diabetic foot ulcers. […] Staphylococcal pneumonia, historically known, as post-influenza pneumonia, was a distinct clinical entity with a dramatic onset of respiratory symptoms and mortality ranging from 80% to 90% in the pre-antibiotic era. […] MRSA is also a leading cause of hospital-acquired and ventilator-associated pneumonia.

• #53 MRSA symptoms: What they are, causes, treatment, and more

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/mrsa-symptoms

  Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a bacterium that does not respond to several antibiotics. Depending on which part of the body it affects, symptoms range from skin infections to breathing problems. […] The CDC note that the symptoms will depend on the part of the body that has the infection. […] A 2020 article states that MRSA most commonly affects the skin and soft tissues. […] If the infection spreads further into the body than the skin, a person can experience high fever, chills, confusion, dizziness, aches and pains. […] For skin infections, a person may notice a bump or lesion on the skin that is swollen, warm, inflamed, painful, and full of pus. […] They may also experience a fever. […] MRSA can cause pneumonia, lung abscesses, and empyema. […] Symptoms of pneumonia include shortness of breath, cough, fever and chills, rapid breathing, sharp or stabbing pain in the chest, nausea, vomiting, and confusion.

• #54 MRSA: Symptoms, Causes, Treatments, and Your Risk

  https://www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and-treatments/understanding-mrsa

  If staph infects your lungs and causes pneumonia, you may have: Shortness of breath, Fever, Chills. […] MRSA can also cause an abscess in your spleen, kidney, or spine. It can cause endocarditis (heart valve infections), osteomyelitis (bone infections), joint infections, mastitis (infection in the breast), and infections of implanted prosthetic devices (such as those used in a knee replacement, for instance). […] Very rarely, staph can result in necrotizing fasciitis, or „flesh-eating” bacterial infections. These are serious skin infections that spread quickly. While frightening, very few necrotizing fasciitis cases have been reported.

• #55 MRSA symptoms: What they are, causes, treatment, and more

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/mrsa-symptoms

  Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a bacterium that does not respond to several antibiotics. Depending on which part of the body it affects, symptoms range from skin infections to breathing problems. […] The CDC note that the symptoms will depend on the part of the body that has the infection. […] A 2020 article states that MRSA most commonly affects the skin and soft tissues. […] If the infection spreads further into the body than the skin, a person can experience high fever, chills, confusion, dizziness, aches and pains. […] For skin infections, a person may notice a bump or lesion on the skin that is swollen, warm, inflamed, painful, and full of pus. […] They may also experience a fever. […] MRSA can cause pneumonia, lung abscesses, and empyema. […] Symptoms of pneumonia include shortness of breath, cough, fever and chills, rapid breathing, sharp or stabbing pain in the chest, nausea, vomiting, and confusion.

• #56 MRSA | University Health Center | Nebraska

  https://health.unl.edu/mrsa/

  MRSA stands for methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus. It is a type of bacteria that is resistant to many antibiotics. The bacteria causes an infection. Most of the time it is a skin infection, soft tissue infection, lung infection, or others. If it is untreated, it can become very severe and cause sepsis. […] Appears as a bump or infected area on the skin that might be: Red, Swollen, Painful, Warm to touch, Full of pus or other drainage, Accompanied by a fever. […] Symptoms if the MRSA infection is in the blood or deep tissue: A fever of 100.4 F or higher, or a temperature below 96.8, Chills, Feeling faint, Dizziness, Confusion, Muscle pain, Swelling and tenderness in the affected body part, Chest pain possible if infective endocarditis or lung infection as the primary source, but not a likely symptom if the source is skin/soft tissue, Elevated heart rate, Increases respiratory rate. […] Symptoms if in the lungs: Cough, Shortness of breath, Blood-tinged sputum, High fever. […] Call your doctor if you have signs of active infection. Most likely, the skin will be spreading, painful, red rash or abscess.

• #57 Staphylococcus aureus Infections – Infections – MSD Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.msdmanuals.com/home/infections/bacterial-infections-gram-positive-bacteria/staphylococcus-aureus-infections

  Skin infections may cause blisters, abscesses, and redness and swelling in the infected area. […] Skin infections due to Staphylococcus aureus can include the following: Folliculitis is the least serious. A hair root (follicle) is infected, causing a slightly painful, tiny pimple at the base of a hair. […] Abscesses (boils or furuncles) are warm, painful collections of pus just below the skin. […] Cellulitis is infection of skin and the tissue just under it. Cellulitis spreads, causing pain and redness. […] Toxic epidermal necrolysis and, in newborns, scalded skin syndrome are serious infections. Both lead to large-scale peeling of skin. […] Pneumonia often causes a high fever, shortness of breath, and a cough with sputum that may be tinged with blood. Lung abscesses may develop.

• #58 Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482221/

  MRSA infection is one of the leading causes of hospital-acquired infections and is commonly associated with significant morbidity, mortality, length of stay, and cost burden. […] MRSA can cause a range of organ-specific infections, the most common being the skin and subcutaneous tissues, followed by invasive infections like osteomyelitis, meningitis, pneumonia, lung abscess, and empyema. […] CA-MRSA is a predominant organism associated with SSTIs like cellulitis, necrotizing fasciitis, and diabetic foot ulcers. […] Staphylococcal pneumonia, historically known, as post-influenza pneumonia, was a distinct clinical entity with a dramatic onset of respiratory symptoms and mortality ranging from 80% to 90% in the pre-antibiotic era. […] MRSA is also a leading cause of hospital-acquired and ventilator-associated pneumonia.

• #59 MRSA Infections in Elders From Nursing Home Neglect

  https://www.nursinghomeabusecenter.com/nursing-home-neglect/mrsa/

  MRSA starts out as a warm, red bump on the skin, just like any other staph infection. […] As the infection grows, other symptoms may include: Fever, Filling with pus or other drainages, Pain, Swelling. […] Early detection and treatment are critical to slowing the spread of MRSA, but the bacteria are typically not identified until it becomes more serious. More often, what starts as treating an ordinary infection takes a serious turn when the nursing home resident begins showing certain warning signs. […] These warning signs include: Chills, Fatigue, Headache, Malaise, Muscle aches, Rash, Shortness of breath. […] By this stage, the MRSA has become entrenched in the bloodstream and infection site and will require serious treatment. […] More serious complications may include: MRSA Osteomyelitis occurs when infection spreads into the bone. This can cause part of the bone to die or pus to infect the joint instead of leaking from the skin. Both are very painful and limit mobility. Pneumonia is a dangerous infection of the lungs. This becomes even more hazardous when a treatment-resistant MRSA causes the infection. If left unchecked, MRSA can enter the bloodstream from the original infection site. This causes serious health complications as the MRSA spreads throughout the body. […] Death is a possible result of all of these complications. If left untreated, for instance, a lung infection can fill the lungs with pus until breathing becomes impossible.

• #60 Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482221/

  Bacteremia due to S. aureus has been reported to be associated with mortality rates of 15% to 60%. […] MRSA is an important cause of bacterial endocarditis which can cause mortality in about a third of the infected patients (30-37%). […] The majority of data indicate that MRSA increases mortality and morbidity in seniors, nursing home patients and those with organ dysfunction. Individuals with end-stage liver disease, renal insufficiency and those admitted to the ICU have high mortality rates when there is an associated MRSA infection. The mortality rates vary from 5-60%, depending on the patient population and site of infection.

• #61 MRSA symptoms: What they are, causes, treatment, and more

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/mrsa-symptoms

  Symptoms of a lung abscess can be similar to those of pneumonia. […] Symptoms may include pain in the affected area, fever, chills, fatigue, and irritability. […] Symptoms include chills and fever. […] The symptoms of endocarditis include fever of 102-104F, chills, fatigue, night sweats, aching joints, fast heart rate, cough, and swelling of the feet, abdomen, or legs. […] If a person develops a skin infection, they may notice a lump, lesion, or abscess that is painful and warm to the touch. […] They may also notice inflamed skin, pus, and a fever.

• #62 Staphylococcus aureus Infections – Infections – MSD Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.msdmanuals.com/home/infections/bacterial-infections-gram-positive-bacteria/staphylococcus-aureus-infections

  Bloodstream infection is a common cause of death in people with severe burns. Symptoms typically include a persistent high fever and sometimes shock. […] Endocarditis can quickly damage heart valves, leading to heart failure (with difficulty breathing) and possibly death. […] Osteomyelitis causes chills, fever, and bone pain. The skin and soft tissues over the infected bone become red and swollen, and fluid may accumulate in nearby joints.

• #63 MRSA | University Health Center | Nebraska

  https://health.unl.edu/mrsa/

  MRSA stands for methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus. It is a type of bacteria that is resistant to many antibiotics. The bacteria causes an infection. Most of the time it is a skin infection, soft tissue infection, lung infection, or others. If it is untreated, it can become very severe and cause sepsis. […] Appears as a bump or infected area on the skin that might be: Red, Swollen, Painful, Warm to touch, Full of pus or other drainage, Accompanied by a fever. […] Symptoms if the MRSA infection is in the blood or deep tissue: A fever of 100.4 F or higher, or a temperature below 96.8, Chills, Feeling faint, Dizziness, Confusion, Muscle pain, Swelling and tenderness in the affected body part, Chest pain possible if infective endocarditis or lung infection as the primary source, but not a likely symptom if the source is skin/soft tissue, Elevated heart rate, Increases respiratory rate. […] Symptoms if in the lungs: Cough, Shortness of breath, Blood-tinged sputum, High fever. […] Call your doctor if you have signs of active infection. Most likely, the skin will be spreading, painful, red rash or abscess.

• #64 MRSA | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/coping/physically/mrsa

  The symptoms of an infection with MRSA depend on the part of the body that is infected. […] Common sites where MRSA infections can develop include: broken skin, the bloodstream (bacteraemia and sepsis), joints of the bones, the lungs (pneumonia), heart (endocarditis), urine (wee) infections. […] There are several symptoms you might have when you have an infection: pain, redness, discharge, swelling or heat at the site of a wound or intravenous line such as a central line or PICC line, wounds that are slow to heal, skin changes – redness, feeling hot, swelling or pain, boils or abscesses (pus filled areas), a change in your temperature – 37.5C or higher or below 36C, flu-like symptoms – feeling cold and shivery, headaches, and aching muscles, pain having a wee, going more often, cloudy or foul-smelling wee, pain anywhere in your body that was not there before your treatment, a fast heartbeat, being sick (vomiting), a headache.

• #65 MRSA: Symptoms, Causes, Treatments, and Your Risk

  https://www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and-treatments/understanding-mrsa

  If staph infects your lungs and causes pneumonia, you may have: Shortness of breath, Fever, Chills. […] MRSA can also cause an abscess in your spleen, kidney, or spine. It can cause endocarditis (heart valve infections), osteomyelitis (bone infections), joint infections, mastitis (infection in the breast), and infections of implanted prosthetic devices (such as those used in a knee replacement, for instance). […] Very rarely, staph can result in necrotizing fasciitis, or „flesh-eating” bacterial infections. These are serious skin infections that spread quickly. While frightening, very few necrotizing fasciitis cases have been reported.

• #66 MRSA Infections in Elders From Nursing Home Neglect

  https://www.nursinghomeabusecenter.com/nursing-home-neglect/mrsa/

  MRSA starts out as a warm, red bump on the skin, just like any other staph infection. […] As the infection grows, other symptoms may include: Fever, Filling with pus or other drainages, Pain, Swelling. […] Early detection and treatment are critical to slowing the spread of MRSA, but the bacteria are typically not identified until it becomes more serious. More often, what starts as treating an ordinary infection takes a serious turn when the nursing home resident begins showing certain warning signs. […] These warning signs include: Chills, Fatigue, Headache, Malaise, Muscle aches, Rash, Shortness of breath. […] By this stage, the MRSA has become entrenched in the bloodstream and infection site and will require serious treatment. […] More serious complications may include: MRSA Osteomyelitis occurs when infection spreads into the bone. This can cause part of the bone to die or pus to infect the joint instead of leaking from the skin. Both are very painful and limit mobility. Pneumonia is a dangerous infection of the lungs. This becomes even more hazardous when a treatment-resistant MRSA causes the infection. If left unchecked, MRSA can enter the bloodstream from the original infection site. This causes serious health complications as the MRSA spreads throughout the body. […] Death is a possible result of all of these complications. If left untreated, for instance, a lung infection can fill the lungs with pus until breathing becomes impossible.

• #67 MRSA symptoms: What they are, causes, treatment, and more

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/mrsa-symptoms

  Symptoms of a lung abscess can be similar to those of pneumonia. […] Symptoms may include pain in the affected area, fever, chills, fatigue, and irritability. […] Symptoms include chills and fever. […] The symptoms of endocarditis include fever of 102-104F, chills, fatigue, night sweats, aching joints, fast heart rate, cough, and swelling of the feet, abdomen, or legs. […] If a person develops a skin infection, they may notice a lump, lesion, or abscess that is painful and warm to the touch. […] They may also notice inflamed skin, pus, and a fever.

• #68 Staphylococcus aureus Infections – Infections – MSD Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.msdmanuals.com/home/infections/bacterial-infections-gram-positive-bacteria/staphylococcus-aureus-infections

  Bloodstream infection is a common cause of death in people with severe burns. Symptoms typically include a persistent high fever and sometimes shock. […] Endocarditis can quickly damage heart valves, leading to heart failure (with difficulty breathing) and possibly death. […] Osteomyelitis causes chills, fever, and bone pain. The skin and soft tissues over the infected bone become red and swollen, and fluid may accumulate in nearby joints.

• #69 Patient education: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/methicillin-resistant-staphylococcus-aureus-mrsa-beyond-the-basics/print

  Some people infected with community-associated MRSA (CA-MRSA) have signs of a skin infection. Such skin infections may appear spontaneously and, in some cases, may be mistaken for a spider bite. The skin may have a single raised red lump that is tender, a cluster of „pimples,” or a large, tender lump that drains pus (called a carbuncle). The area may enlarge and become progressively more tender, red, and swollen. The center of the raised area may ooze pus. […] It is also possible to develop an infection in areas other than the skin if the bacteria enter the bloodstream through an opening in the skin. Infection can then develop on a heart valve, in a bone, joint, or the lungs, or around devices (such as an intravenous [IV] line, pacemaker, or replacement joint). In these situations, symptoms may include fever and fatigue as well as pain or swelling in the infected area.

• #70 Pediatric Staph and MRSA Infection – Conditions and Treatments | Children’s National Hospital

  https://www.childrensnational.org/get-care/health-library/skin-and-soft-tissue-infections-staph-and-mrsa

  MRSA is usually limited to the skin. It can be life-threatening if it spreads to the lungs, the bloodstream or other organs. […] Symptoms include painful red bumps that leak fluid. A child may also have a fever, chills, and headache. […] The symptoms of a MRSA skin infection may include any of the below: Bump that is painful, red, leaking fluid or swollen. It may look like a spider bite, pimple or boil. Bumps under the skin that are swollen or firm. Skin around a sore that is warm or hot. Bump that gets bigger quickly or doesn’t heal. Painful sore along with a fever. Rash or fluid-filled blisters. Boil or sore (abscess) that leaks fluid. […] Signs of a systemic infection include any of the above, plus: Fever, Chills, Severe headache, Sleepiness, Dizziness or fainting. […] A MRSA infection is most often a skin infection. But sometimes the bacteria get through the skin through an open wound. For children, the most common place of infection is through a simple cut or scrape. […] If not treated, a MRSA skin infection may: Damage nearby tissue, Infect other people through physical contact or contact with contaminated items, Turn into an infection that spreads through the body. This may cause blood poisoning, pneumonia, flesh-eating disease, life-threatening shock and death.

• #71 MRSA | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/coping/physically/mrsa

  The symptoms of an infection with MRSA depend on the part of the body that is infected. […] Common sites where MRSA infections can develop include: broken skin, the bloodstream (bacteraemia and sepsis), joints of the bones, the lungs (pneumonia), heart (endocarditis), urine (wee) infections. […] There are several symptoms you might have when you have an infection: pain, redness, discharge, swelling or heat at the site of a wound or intravenous line such as a central line or PICC line, wounds that are slow to heal, skin changes – redness, feeling hot, swelling or pain, boils or abscesses (pus filled areas), a change in your temperature – 37.5C or higher or below 36C, flu-like symptoms – feeling cold and shivery, headaches, and aching muscles, pain having a wee, going more often, cloudy or foul-smelling wee, pain anywhere in your body that was not there before your treatment, a fast heartbeat, being sick (vomiting), a headache.

• #72 MRSA in Nursing Homes | Symptoms of MRSA in Elderly Residents, Complications & Proper MRSA Precautions in Nursing Homes – Berman & Riedel, LLPenvelope-ocloseplay-circle-ochevron-upchevron-downphonetwitterfacebookbarsenvelopelinkedinyoutube-playyelp

  https://bermanlawyers.com/mrsa-in-nursing-homes/

  MRSA symptoms depend greatly on the site of infection. A staph infection in elderly people may involve the skin, lungs, heart, bloodstream, urinary tract, surgical site, or other organs. […] The typical MRSA skin infection may cause a range of symptoms: Swollen, red, and painful area on the skin known as a “MRSA rash”; A small abscess or boil that resembles a pimple known as a “MRSA bump”; Area that is warm to the touch; Drainage of fluids or pus from a bump or rash; Fever. […] More serious MRSA symptoms include: Fatigue; Shortness of breath; Chills; Chest pain; Muscle ache; Headaches. […] MRSA can also result in a bladder infection or urinary tract infection (UTI). UTIs are one of the most common infections in nursing homes, often underdiagnosed, and may even lead to sepsis in elderly residents.

• #73 MRSA | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/coping/physically/mrsa

  The symptoms of an infection with MRSA depend on the part of the body that is infected. […] Common sites where MRSA infections can develop include: broken skin, the bloodstream (bacteraemia and sepsis), joints of the bones, the lungs (pneumonia), heart (endocarditis), urine (wee) infections. […] There are several symptoms you might have when you have an infection: pain, redness, discharge, swelling or heat at the site of a wound or intravenous line such as a central line or PICC line, wounds that are slow to heal, skin changes – redness, feeling hot, swelling or pain, boils or abscesses (pus filled areas), a change in your temperature – 37.5C or higher or below 36C, flu-like symptoms – feeling cold and shivery, headaches, and aching muscles, pain having a wee, going more often, cloudy or foul-smelling wee, pain anywhere in your body that was not there before your treatment, a fast heartbeat, being sick (vomiting), a headache.

• #74 Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Basics | MRSA | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/mrsa/about/index.html

  The symptoms of an S. aureus infection, including MRSA, depend on the part of the body that is infected. Broken skin, such as scrapes or cuts, is often the site of a MRSA infection. Most S. aureus skin infections, including MRSA, appear as a bump or infected area on the skin that might be: […] You cannot tell by looking at the skin if it’s a MRSA infection. People sometimes confuse some MRSA skin infections with a spider bite. However, unless you actually see the spider, the irritation is likely not a spider bite. […] MRSA infections can cause serious problems in and outside of healthcare settings, including: […] Sepsis, the body’s extreme response to an infection (if left untreated). […] Death (if left untreated).

• #75 MRSA: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment & Prevention

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/11633-methicillin-resistant-staphylococcus-aureus-mrsa

  MRSA symptoms vary by where you’re infected. Some symptoms common to many types of MRSA infections include: […] A rash or area of skin that’s red, discolored, painful, swollen, or filled with pus or fluid. MRSA skin infections can sometimes be mistaken for spider bites. […] If you have a skin infection, your provider will surgically treat and drain your wounds. They might give you topical or oral antibiotics. You’ll need to be treated in the hospital if you have a severe or invasive MRSA infection. […] CA-MRSA, especially skin infections, can be easier to treat than HA-MRSA. But up to 70% of MRSA skin infections come back (recur) after successful treatment. This might be because other people you live with or are around a lot are colonized with MRSA, or because MRSA lives on objects and surfaces for a long time, where it can reinfect you. […] Yes, more than half of all MRSA cases are cured with antibiotics, and providers successfully treat most MRSA skin infections. But serious infections like pneumonia, endocarditis and bacteremia can quickly get worse before a provider can find a treatment that works.

• #76 Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Basics | MRSA | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/mrsa/about/index.html

  The symptoms of an S. aureus infection, including MRSA, depend on the part of the body that is infected. Broken skin, such as scrapes or cuts, is often the site of a MRSA infection. Most S. aureus skin infections, including MRSA, appear as a bump or infected area on the skin that might be: […] You cannot tell by looking at the skin if it’s a MRSA infection. People sometimes confuse some MRSA skin infections with a spider bite. However, unless you actually see the spider, the irritation is likely not a spider bite. […] MRSA infections can cause serious problems in and outside of healthcare settings, including: […] Sepsis, the body’s extreme response to an infection (if left untreated). […] Death (if left untreated).

• #77 MRSA in Nursing Homes | Symptoms of MRSA in Elderly Residents, Complications & Proper MRSA Precautions in Nursing Homes – Berman & Riedel, LLPenvelope-ocloseplay-circle-ochevron-upchevron-downphonetwitterfacebookbarsenvelopelinkedinyoutube-playyelp

  https://bermanlawyers.com/mrsa-in-nursing-homes/

  A MRSA UTI can lead to a MRSA bloodstream infection with far more serious symptoms and a higher mortality rate. […] MRSA infection can lead to pneumonia, empyema, and lung abscesses. Common pneumonia symptoms may include: Unproductive cough; Rapid breathing; Stabbing or sharp chest pain; Shortness of breath; Fever; Chills; Vomiting or nausea; Confusion. […] If MRSA enters the blood, it can lead to a systemic bloodstream infection known as bacteremia. This can trigger sepsis, a seriously life-threatening condition that can cause acute organ damage, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), low blood pressure, decreased urination, and altered mental status. […] The first signs of MRSA are usually small, red bumps that become painful and deep abscesses of the skin. They may resemble a spider bite. The skin may be warm to the touch, tender, or swollen.

• #78 MRSA | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/coping/physically/mrsa

  Call your 24 hour advice line or NHS 111 straight away if you have any of these symptoms. It’s very important to treat an infection early to stop it becoming a more serious problem. […] An infection can develop into a more serious condition called sepsis which can be life threatening. Call 999 or go to your local Accident and Emergency (AE) immediately if you have any of the following: slurred speech or confusion, extreme shivering or muscle pain, passing no urine (in a day), severe breathlessness, skin mottled or discoloured.

• #79

  https://111.wales.nhs.uk/encyclopaedia/m/article/mrsa

  Call 999 or go to AE if somebody: is acting confused, has slurred speech and is not making sense, has difficulty breathing, such as breathlessness or breathing very fast, has blue, grey, pale or blotchy skin, lips or tongue on brown or black skin, this may be easier to see on the palms of the hands or soles of the feet, has a rash that does not fade when you roll a glass over it, the same as meningitis.

• #80 MRSA | Sepsis Alliance

  https://www.sepsis.org/sepsisand/mrsa/

  MRSA infections usually appear as a bump or infected area on the skin that might be: […] Red […] Swollen […] Painful […] Warm to the touch […] Full of pus or other drainage […] Accompanied by a fever […] For effective MRSA treatment, the infection must be caught and treated as early as possible.

• #81 MRSA | Infectious Diseases

  https://health.ucdavis.edu/conditions/mrsa

  MRSA is a serious, potentially fatal, bacterial infection. Get medical care at the first signs of MRSA. […] Not all methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) skin infections will cause severe symptoms, but its important to get medical care at the first signs of MRSA. […] MRSA symptoms may be mild or severe. […] MRSA symptoms might resemble a spider bite or allergic skin reaction at first. Look for: Bump on your skin that is hard, painful or tender, Blister or fluid-filled boil, Pus or drainage from a wound, Red or inflamed skin, Skin that feels warm to the touch, Swelling around a wound or skin bump. […] MRSA can lead to sepsis, a life-threatening medical emergency. Go the nearest emergency room if you have: Confusion, disorientation or slurred speech, High fever, chills or flu-like symptoms, Rapid heart rate or a weak pulse, Shortness of breath, Sweaty, cold or pale skin.

• #82 Skin and Soft Tissue Infections Including MRSA Symptoms | Northwestern Medicine

  https://www.nm.org/conditions-and-care-areas/infectious-disease/skin-and-soft-tissue-infections/symptoms

  Most skin and soft tissue infections are characterized by redness, tenderness, warmth and oozing at the infection site. If the infection is more severe, additional symptoms may include: Fever, Chills, Nausea, Dizziness, Weakness, Dimpling of the skin, Swelling of the tissue, Itching and burning skin, Blisters that crust over. […] Necrotizing soft tissue infection can produce serious and even life-threatening symptoms, including: Intense pain, Rapid heartbeat, Rapidly spreading redness, Gray, foul-smelling drainage, Blisters with a crackling feeling in the underlying tissue, Numbness, The center of the infection area turns black, Shock. […] The MRSA infection: May be mistaken for a spider bite, May resemble a group of small pimples, Is red, swollen and painful to the touch, May have pus draining from the site, Fever, Fatigue. […] Complications of MRSA may include: Meningitis (infection of the brain or spinal cord), Pneumonia, Heart valve infection, Infection surrounding a medical device, such as a pacemaker or IV port, Bone or joint infection.

• #83 MRSA: Symptoms, Causes, Treatments, and Your Risk

  https://www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and-treatments/understanding-mrsa

  If staph infects your lungs and causes pneumonia, you may have: Shortness of breath, Fever, Chills. […] MRSA can also cause an abscess in your spleen, kidney, or spine. It can cause endocarditis (heart valve infections), osteomyelitis (bone infections), joint infections, mastitis (infection in the breast), and infections of implanted prosthetic devices (such as those used in a knee replacement, for instance). […] Very rarely, staph can result in necrotizing fasciitis, or „flesh-eating” bacterial infections. These are serious skin infections that spread quickly. While frightening, very few necrotizing fasciitis cases have been reported.

• #84 Skin and Soft Tissue Infections Including MRSA Symptoms | Northwestern Medicine

  https://www.nm.org/conditions-and-care-areas/infectious-disease/skin-and-soft-tissue-infections/symptoms

  Most skin and soft tissue infections are characterized by redness, tenderness, warmth and oozing at the infection site. If the infection is more severe, additional symptoms may include: Fever, Chills, Nausea, Dizziness, Weakness, Dimpling of the skin, Swelling of the tissue, Itching and burning skin, Blisters that crust over. […] Necrotizing soft tissue infection can produce serious and even life-threatening symptoms, including: Intense pain, Rapid heartbeat, Rapidly spreading redness, Gray, foul-smelling drainage, Blisters with a crackling feeling in the underlying tissue, Numbness, The center of the infection area turns black, Shock. […] The MRSA infection: May be mistaken for a spider bite, May resemble a group of small pimples, Is red, swollen and painful to the touch, May have pus draining from the site, Fever, Fatigue. […] Complications of MRSA may include: Meningitis (infection of the brain or spinal cord), Pneumonia, Heart valve infection, Infection surrounding a medical device, such as a pacemaker or IV port, Bone or joint infection.

• #85 How to Identify Symptoms of MRSA: 13 Steps (with Pictures)

  https://www.wikihow.com/Identify-Symptoms-of-MRSA

  If your doctor has diagnosed you with staph infection and given you antibiotics, your condition should improve within two to three days. If you do not see any improvement, there is a chance that you have MRSA. […] Watch out for headaches, fever, and fatigue. Any of these symptoms might indicate a serious infection when coupled with a staph or MRSA diagnosis. The combination may feel similar to flu symptoms. You may also experience some dizziness and confusion. […] As the infection spreads through your body, it can choke the lungs; inflame your urinary tract; and even begin to eat your flesh. Untreated MRSA can result in necrotizing fasciitis, a rare but horrific flesh-eating disease. […] If you think that you’re infected with any stage of MRSA, act as quickly as possible before the bacteria eats its way any deeper into your system. Even if you aren’t sure: ask a doctor. MRSA can be a serious and life-threatening condition, and it isn’t worth it to take any chances.

• #86 MRSA: Types, Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment and More

  https://www.health.com/mrsa-overview-7482931

  MRSA infections have similar symptoms to other bacterial infections, including swelling, redness, or fever, and depend on where the infection is in the body. […] MRSA symptoms will differ from person to person depending on where in the body the infection is located. When someone gets it outside of a healthcare setting, MRSA most often shows up as a skin infection. Sometimes, MRSA may confused at first for a spider bite, especially if there is no obvious injury that is the source of the infection. Signs of MRSA in the skin include: A single, tender, red, raised lump, A group of small, raised lumps that look like pimples, A large lump that is tender and drains pus (sometimes called a carbuncle). […] CA MRSA infection most commonly causes these issues, which include: Cellulitis: This is a common infection that causes red, painful, and swollen areas of the skin. Necrotizing fasciitis: A rarer, severe, and quickly spreading infection, necrotizing fasciitis causes blisters on the skin, unhealing wounds, and pain, alongside fever; this condition can be fatal. Foot ulcers: Another skin symptom is the development of persistent open sores and wounds that dont heal on the feet.

• #87 Skin and Soft Tissue Infections Including MRSA Symptoms | Northwestern Medicine

  https://www.nm.org/conditions-and-care-areas/infectious-disease/skin-and-soft-tissue-infections/symptoms

  Most skin and soft tissue infections are characterized by redness, tenderness, warmth and oozing at the infection site. If the infection is more severe, additional symptoms may include: Fever, Chills, Nausea, Dizziness, Weakness, Dimpling of the skin, Swelling of the tissue, Itching and burning skin, Blisters that crust over. […] Necrotizing soft tissue infection can produce serious and even life-threatening symptoms, including: Intense pain, Rapid heartbeat, Rapidly spreading redness, Gray, foul-smelling drainage, Blisters with a crackling feeling in the underlying tissue, Numbness, The center of the infection area turns black, Shock. […] The MRSA infection: May be mistaken for a spider bite, May resemble a group of small pimples, Is red, swollen and painful to the touch, May have pus draining from the site, Fever, Fatigue. […] Complications of MRSA may include: Meningitis (infection of the brain or spinal cord), Pneumonia, Heart valve infection, Infection surrounding a medical device, such as a pacemaker or IV port, Bone or joint infection.

• #88 Staph Infection in Cats | Veterinarian in LAS VEGAS, NV | Siena Animal Hospital

  https://sienaanimalhospital.com/articles/415939-staph-infection-in-cats

  It was once thought that MRSA only infected people, but now veterinarians have reported infections in cats, dogs, pet birds, horses, cattle and pigs. […] However, not every person or animal that is exposed to MRSA will develop symptoms. Some are able to fight off the organism without the need for treatment. […] Sometimes, cats can carry MRSA but not have an active infection. They are referred to as being colonized with the bacteria. Colonized cats do not have any symptoms. They usually rid themselves of the infection after a few weeks. […] Symptoms of MRSA infection in people include: Minor skin problems, such as boils, pimples and infections; Severe wound infections after surgery; Pneumonia; Swelling of the tissues around the spinal cord and brain (meningitis); Infections in the blood; Heart problems.

• #89

  https://111.wales.nhs.uk/encyclopaedia/m/article/mrsa

  MRSA is a type of bacteria that usually lives harmlessly on the skin. But if it gets inside the body, it can cause a serious infection that needs immediate treatment with antibiotics. […] Most people with MRSA bacteria on their skin do not have any symptoms. […] But if you get an MRSA infection under your skin, you may have an area of skin that: is painful and swollen, feels warm when you touch it, leaks pus or liquid, looks red though this may be harder to see on brown or black skin. […] If the infection spreads to your blood or lungs, or another part of your body, symptoms may include: high temperature, difficulty breathing, chills, dizziness, confusion. […] You have a cut or wound that: is painful, swollen or red, feels warm when you touch it, leaks pus or liquid. […] These could be signs of a skin infection such as MRSA. Some skin infections can be serious, so they need to be checked quickly.

• #90

  https://111.wales.nhs.uk/encyclopaedia/m/article/mrsa

  Call 999 or go to AE if somebody: is acting confused, has slurred speech and is not making sense, has difficulty breathing, such as breathlessness or breathing very fast, has blue, grey, pale or blotchy skin, lips or tongue on brown or black skin, this may be easier to see on the palms of the hands or soles of the feet, has a rash that does not fade when you roll a glass over it, the same as meningitis.

• #91 Skin and Soft Tissue Infections Including MRSA Symptoms | Northwestern Medicine

  https://www.nm.org/conditions-and-care-areas/infectious-disease/skin-and-soft-tissue-infections/symptoms

  Most skin and soft tissue infections are characterized by redness, tenderness, warmth and oozing at the infection site. If the infection is more severe, additional symptoms may include: Fever, Chills, Nausea, Dizziness, Weakness, Dimpling of the skin, Swelling of the tissue, Itching and burning skin, Blisters that crust over. […] Necrotizing soft tissue infection can produce serious and even life-threatening symptoms, including: Intense pain, Rapid heartbeat, Rapidly spreading redness, Gray, foul-smelling drainage, Blisters with a crackling feeling in the underlying tissue, Numbness, The center of the infection area turns black, Shock. […] The MRSA infection: May be mistaken for a spider bite, May resemble a group of small pimples, Is red, swollen and painful to the touch, May have pus draining from the site, Fever, Fatigue. […] Complications of MRSA may include: Meningitis (infection of the brain or spinal cord), Pneumonia, Heart valve infection, Infection surrounding a medical device, such as a pacemaker or IV port, Bone or joint infection.

• #92 MRSA: Types, Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment and More

  https://www.health.com/mrsa-overview-7482931

  MRSA can cause pneumonia, an infection that causes the lungs to fill with fluid or pus. It can also cause issues with the bone and joints; this includes osteomyelitis, which is characterized by inflammation and swelling of the bones, including the spine or the longer bones of the arms or legs; and arthritis, which causes painful swelling and loss of mobility in the joints. […] Once it gets to the blood, the infection can spread to areas such as heart valves or medical devices like pacemakers or replacement joints. In these cases, symptoms can include swelling and pain in the infected area as well as more general signs of infection like fatigue and fever. […] Occasionally, people may have a MRSA infection but not have any symptoms. They can still transmit the bacterium to another person who could become infected. […] If a MRSA infection goes untreated it may spread and progress to serious complications like sepsis and death.

• #93 Patient education: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/methicillin-resistant-staphylococcus-aureus-mrsa-beyond-the-basics/print

  Some people infected with community-associated MRSA (CA-MRSA) have signs of a skin infection. Such skin infections may appear spontaneously and, in some cases, may be mistaken for a spider bite. The skin may have a single raised red lump that is tender, a cluster of „pimples,” or a large, tender lump that drains pus (called a carbuncle). The area may enlarge and become progressively more tender, red, and swollen. The center of the raised area may ooze pus. […] It is also possible to develop an infection in areas other than the skin if the bacteria enter the bloodstream through an opening in the skin. Infection can then develop on a heart valve, in a bone, joint, or the lungs, or around devices (such as an intravenous [IV] line, pacemaker, or replacement joint). In these situations, symptoms may include fever and fatigue as well as pain or swelling in the infected area.

• #94 MRSA | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/coping/physically/mrsa

  The symptoms of an infection with MRSA depend on the part of the body that is infected. […] Common sites where MRSA infections can develop include: broken skin, the bloodstream (bacteraemia and sepsis), joints of the bones, the lungs (pneumonia), heart (endocarditis), urine (wee) infections. […] There are several symptoms you might have when you have an infection: pain, redness, discharge, swelling or heat at the site of a wound or intravenous line such as a central line or PICC line, wounds that are slow to heal, skin changes – redness, feeling hot, swelling or pain, boils or abscesses (pus filled areas), a change in your temperature – 37.5C or higher or below 36C, flu-like symptoms – feeling cold and shivery, headaches, and aching muscles, pain having a wee, going more often, cloudy or foul-smelling wee, pain anywhere in your body that was not there before your treatment, a fast heartbeat, being sick (vomiting), a headache.

• #95 MRSA: Types, Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment and More

  https://www.health.com/mrsa-overview-7482931

  MRSA can cause pneumonia, an infection that causes the lungs to fill with fluid or pus. It can also cause issues with the bone and joints; this includes osteomyelitis, which is characterized by inflammation and swelling of the bones, including the spine or the longer bones of the arms or legs; and arthritis, which causes painful swelling and loss of mobility in the joints. […] Once it gets to the blood, the infection can spread to areas such as heart valves or medical devices like pacemakers or replacement joints. In these cases, symptoms can include swelling and pain in the infected area as well as more general signs of infection like fatigue and fever. […] Occasionally, people may have a MRSA infection but not have any symptoms. They can still transmit the bacterium to another person who could become infected. […] If a MRSA infection goes untreated it may spread and progress to serious complications like sepsis and death.

• #96 MRSA: Types, Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment and More

  https://www.health.com/mrsa-overview-7482931

  MRSA can cause pneumonia, an infection that causes the lungs to fill with fluid or pus. It can also cause issues with the bone and joints; this includes osteomyelitis, which is characterized by inflammation and swelling of the bones, including the spine or the longer bones of the arms or legs; and arthritis, which causes painful swelling and loss of mobility in the joints. […] Once it gets to the blood, the infection can spread to areas such as heart valves or medical devices like pacemakers or replacement joints. In these cases, symptoms can include swelling and pain in the infected area as well as more general signs of infection like fatigue and fever. […] Occasionally, people may have a MRSA infection but not have any symptoms. They can still transmit the bacterium to another person who could become infected. […] If a MRSA infection goes untreated it may spread and progress to serious complications like sepsis and death.

• #97 MRSA: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment & Prevention

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/11633-methicillin-resistant-staphylococcus-aureus-mrsa

  MRSA symptoms vary by where you’re infected. Some symptoms common to many types of MRSA infections include: […] A rash or area of skin that’s red, discolored, painful, swollen, or filled with pus or fluid. MRSA skin infections can sometimes be mistaken for spider bites. […] If you have a skin infection, your provider will surgically treat and drain your wounds. They might give you topical or oral antibiotics. You’ll need to be treated in the hospital if you have a severe or invasive MRSA infection. […] CA-MRSA, especially skin infections, can be easier to treat than HA-MRSA. But up to 70% of MRSA skin infections come back (recur) after successful treatment. This might be because other people you live with or are around a lot are colonized with MRSA, or because MRSA lives on objects and surfaces for a long time, where it can reinfect you. […] Yes, more than half of all MRSA cases are cured with antibiotics, and providers successfully treat most MRSA skin infections. But serious infections like pneumonia, endocarditis and bacteremia can quickly get worse before a provider can find a treatment that works.

• #98 Patient education: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/methicillin-resistant-staphylococcus-aureus-mrsa-beyond-the-basics/print

  Some people infected with community-associated MRSA (CA-MRSA) have signs of a skin infection. Such skin infections may appear spontaneously and, in some cases, may be mistaken for a spider bite. The skin may have a single raised red lump that is tender, a cluster of „pimples,” or a large, tender lump that drains pus (called a carbuncle). The area may enlarge and become progressively more tender, red, and swollen. The center of the raised area may ooze pus. […] It is also possible to develop an infection in areas other than the skin if the bacteria enter the bloodstream through an opening in the skin. Infection can then develop on a heart valve, in a bone, joint, or the lungs, or around devices (such as an intravenous [IV] line, pacemaker, or replacement joint). In these situations, symptoms may include fever and fatigue as well as pain or swelling in the infected area.

• #99 Patient education: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/methicillin-resistant-staphylococcus-aureus-mrsa-beyond-the-basics/print

  Some people infected with community-associated MRSA (CA-MRSA) have signs of a skin infection. Such skin infections may appear spontaneously and, in some cases, may be mistaken for a spider bite. The skin may have a single raised red lump that is tender, a cluster of „pimples,” or a large, tender lump that drains pus (called a carbuncle). The area may enlarge and become progressively more tender, red, and swollen. The center of the raised area may ooze pus. […] It is also possible to develop an infection in areas other than the skin if the bacteria enter the bloodstream through an opening in the skin. Infection can then develop on a heart valve, in a bone, joint, or the lungs, or around devices (such as an intravenous [IV] line, pacemaker, or replacement joint). In these situations, symptoms may include fever and fatigue as well as pain or swelling in the infected area.

• #100 Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (CA-MRSA) – Fact Sheet

  https://www.health.ny.gov/diseases/communicable/staphylococcus_aureus/methicillin_resistant/community_associated/fact_sheet.htm

  CA-MRSA infections typically begin as skin infections. They first appear as reddened areas on the skin, or can resemble pimples that develop into skin abscesses or boils causing fever, pus, swelling, or pain. […] When left untreated, CA-MRSA infections can progress to serious complications. Visit your health care provider if you think you might have a MRSA infection.

• #101 Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) | BCM

  https://www.bcm.edu/departments/molecular-virology-and-microbiology/emerging-infections-and-biodefense/specific-agents/mrsa

  CA-MRSA usually enters the body though a cut or scrape. The first sign of infection is commonly described as resembling a spider bite a spot on the skin that is red, swollen, and painful. The site may produce pus. Infrequently, CA-MRSA infection can progress to a more serious disease, such as bloodstream infection or pneumonia. CA-MRSA can, in rare cases, lead to death. […] The incidence of disease caused by MRSA bacteria is increasing worldwide. […] The majority of MRSA cases, 85 percent, were associated with healthcare facilities, while approximately 14 percent occurred in individuals with no known exposure to healthcare. […] The rising problem of resistance of staph bacteria to methicillin and other antibiotics is part of a larger issue that greatly concerns healthcare professionals. […] Infection with drug-resistant organisms can lead to increased and longer hospital stays, more complicated treatment, more deaths, and higher healthcare costs.

• #102 MRSA: Types, Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment and More

  https://www.health.com/mrsa-overview-7482931

  MRSA infections have similar symptoms to other bacterial infections, including swelling, redness, or fever, and depend on where the infection is in the body. […] MRSA symptoms will differ from person to person depending on where in the body the infection is located. When someone gets it outside of a healthcare setting, MRSA most often shows up as a skin infection. Sometimes, MRSA may confused at first for a spider bite, especially if there is no obvious injury that is the source of the infection. Signs of MRSA in the skin include: A single, tender, red, raised lump, A group of small, raised lumps that look like pimples, A large lump that is tender and drains pus (sometimes called a carbuncle). […] CA MRSA infection most commonly causes these issues, which include: Cellulitis: This is a common infection that causes red, painful, and swollen areas of the skin. Necrotizing fasciitis: A rarer, severe, and quickly spreading infection, necrotizing fasciitis causes blisters on the skin, unhealing wounds, and pain, alongside fever; this condition can be fatal. Foot ulcers: Another skin symptom is the development of persistent open sores and wounds that dont heal on the feet.

• #103 MRSA: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment & Prevention

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/11633-methicillin-resistant-staphylococcus-aureus-mrsa

  MRSA symptoms vary by where you’re infected. Some symptoms common to many types of MRSA infections include: […] A rash or area of skin that’s red, discolored, painful, swollen, or filled with pus or fluid. MRSA skin infections can sometimes be mistaken for spider bites. […] If you have a skin infection, your provider will surgically treat and drain your wounds. They might give you topical or oral antibiotics. You’ll need to be treated in the hospital if you have a severe or invasive MRSA infection. […] CA-MRSA, especially skin infections, can be easier to treat than HA-MRSA. But up to 70% of MRSA skin infections come back (recur) after successful treatment. This might be because other people you live with or are around a lot are colonized with MRSA, or because MRSA lives on objects and surfaces for a long time, where it can reinfect you. […] Yes, more than half of all MRSA cases are cured with antibiotics, and providers successfully treat most MRSA skin infections. But serious infections like pneumonia, endocarditis and bacteremia can quickly get worse before a provider can find a treatment that works.

• #104 Learning about MRSA: A guide for Patients – MN Dept. of Health

  https://www.health.state.mn.us/diseases/staph/mrsa/book.html

  If you have an active MRSA infection, your doctor may choose one or more of the following treatments: Give antibiotics, Drain the infection, Reduce the amount of staph on your skin and in your nose. […] MRSA is resistant to many antibiotics so it can be difficult to treat. However, there are antibiotics that can treat MRSA and make the infection go away. […] Contact your doctor if: you have any new symptoms during or after treatment for a MRSA skin infection such as a new fever or a fever that wont go away, the infection gets worse, the infection is not healing, the infection comes back, you have questions. […] MRSA can cause serious infections that can become life-threatening if left untreated. […] MRSA may cause physical pain and emotional stress, but keep in mind that it can be managed.

• #105 MRSA Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/diseases-conditions/mrsa

  MRSA infection in people who are in health care facilities tends to be severe. These infections may be in the bloodstream, heart, lungs or other organs, urine, or in the area of a recent surgery. Some symptoms of these severe infections may include: […] A sign of a staph skin infection is a red, swollen, and painful area on the skin. Pus or other fluids may drain from this area. It may look like a boil. These symptoms are more likely to occur if the skin has been cut or rubbed, because this gives the MRSA germ a way to enter your body. Symptoms are also more likely in areas where there is more body hair, because the germ can get into hair follicles. […] Some symptoms of these severe infections may include: Chest pain, Cough or shortness of breath, Fatigue, Fever and chills, General ill feeling, Headache, Rash, Wounds that do not heal.

• #106 MRSA: What It Is, Causes, Symptoms & Treatment – Southern Iowa Mental Health Center

  https://simhcottumwa.org/mrsa-what-it-is-causes-symptoms-treatment/

  MRSA symptoms […] The symptoms of a staph infection of the skin can include: Redness, Inflammation, Pain, Fever, Seeping pus, Fever. […] Internal MRSA infections are more common in hospitals and other health care facilities. They can cause the following symptoms: Coughing, Chest pain, Shortness of breath, Unhealed wounds, Headache, Rash, Fatigue.

• #107 Facts About Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus | CloroxPro

  https://www.cloroxpro.com/resource-center/mrsa/

  People who have symptoms associated with MRSA or S. aureus colonization are considered to have a MRSA or S. aureus infection. […] Skin infections caused by CA-MRSA typically start as reddened and inflamed patches, pimples or bumps on the skin that may be painful, swollen or warm to the touch. If left untreated, these can develop into abscesses that drain pus and other fluids, or cellulitis (an infection of the tissues beneath the skin), or can cause fever. […] In healthcare settings, MRSA is one of the leading causes of surgical site infections, bloodstream infections and pneumonia. These can occur in patients who have breaks in the skin that can allow the bacteria to enter the tissues or bloodstream, or in patients taking antibiotics, which can reduce the normal flora on the skin, giving MRSA an advantage. The symptoms of these infections are varied depending on the site of the infection but may include fever, chills, the draining of pus or other fluids, pain and swelling, a mucus-filled cough and stabbing pains in the chest. Life-threatening sepsis resulting from the body’s natural response to fighting infection may occur if left untreated.

• #108 Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482221/

  MRSA infection is one of the leading causes of hospital-acquired infections and is commonly associated with significant morbidity, mortality, length of stay, and cost burden. […] MRSA can cause a range of organ-specific infections, the most common being the skin and subcutaneous tissues, followed by invasive infections like osteomyelitis, meningitis, pneumonia, lung abscess, and empyema. […] CA-MRSA is a predominant organism associated with SSTIs like cellulitis, necrotizing fasciitis, and diabetic foot ulcers. […] Staphylococcal pneumonia, historically known, as post-influenza pneumonia, was a distinct clinical entity with a dramatic onset of respiratory symptoms and mortality ranging from 80% to 90% in the pre-antibiotic era. […] MRSA is also a leading cause of hospital-acquired and ventilator-associated pneumonia.

• #109 Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482221/

  MRSA infection is one of the leading causes of hospital-acquired infections and is commonly associated with significant morbidity, mortality, length of stay, and cost burden. […] MRSA can cause a range of organ-specific infections, the most common being the skin and subcutaneous tissues, followed by invasive infections like osteomyelitis, meningitis, pneumonia, lung abscess, and empyema. […] CA-MRSA is a predominant organism associated with SSTIs like cellulitis, necrotizing fasciitis, and diabetic foot ulcers. […] Staphylococcal pneumonia, historically known, as post-influenza pneumonia, was a distinct clinical entity with a dramatic onset of respiratory symptoms and mortality ranging from 80% to 90% in the pre-antibiotic era. […] MRSA is also a leading cause of hospital-acquired and ventilator-associated pneumonia.

• #110 Staph infections – symptoms, causes, treatment and prevention | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/staph-infections

  The most common staph infection is caused by bacteria called Staph aureus. If these bacteria are resistant to an antibiotic called methicillin they are called Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). […] As the normal antibiotics used to treat MRSA don’t work, an MRSA infection is harder to treat.

• #111

  https://111.wales.nhs.uk/encyclopaedia/m/article/mrsa

  Call 999 or go to AE if somebody: is acting confused, has slurred speech and is not making sense, has difficulty breathing, such as breathlessness or breathing very fast, has blue, grey, pale or blotchy skin, lips or tongue on brown or black skin, this may be easier to see on the palms of the hands or soles of the feet, has a rash that does not fade when you roll a glass over it, the same as meningitis.

• #112 MRSA | Infectious Diseases

  https://health.ucdavis.edu/conditions/mrsa

  MRSA is a serious, potentially fatal, bacterial infection. Get medical care at the first signs of MRSA. […] Not all methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) skin infections will cause severe symptoms, but its important to get medical care at the first signs of MRSA. […] MRSA symptoms may be mild or severe. […] MRSA symptoms might resemble a spider bite or allergic skin reaction at first. Look for: Bump on your skin that is hard, painful or tender, Blister or fluid-filled boil, Pus or drainage from a wound, Red or inflamed skin, Skin that feels warm to the touch, Swelling around a wound or skin bump. […] MRSA can lead to sepsis, a life-threatening medical emergency. Go the nearest emergency room if you have: Confusion, disorientation or slurred speech, High fever, chills or flu-like symptoms, Rapid heart rate or a weak pulse, Shortness of breath, Sweaty, cold or pale skin.

• #113 MRSA | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/coping/physically/mrsa

  Call your 24 hour advice line or NHS 111 straight away if you have any of these symptoms. It’s very important to treat an infection early to stop it becoming a more serious problem. […] An infection can develop into a more serious condition called sepsis which can be life threatening. Call 999 or go to your local Accident and Emergency (AE) immediately if you have any of the following: slurred speech or confusion, extreme shivering or muscle pain, passing no urine (in a day), severe breathlessness, skin mottled or discoloured.

• #114

  https://111.wales.nhs.uk/encyclopaedia/m/article/mrsa

  Call 999 or go to AE if somebody: is acting confused, has slurred speech and is not making sense, has difficulty breathing, such as breathlessness or breathing very fast, has blue, grey, pale or blotchy skin, lips or tongue on brown or black skin, this may be easier to see on the palms of the hands or soles of the feet, has a rash that does not fade when you roll a glass over it, the same as meningitis.

• #115 Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) – familydoctor.org

  https://familydoctor.org/condition/methicillin-resistant-staphylococcus-aureus-mrsa/

  If you or a family member experiences MRSA symptoms, it is important to call your family doctor immediately. This is especially important if the symptoms include fever. Do not pick at the infected skin or try to treat it yourself. Be sure to cover the area with a bandage. Wash your hands with soap before and after bandaging the wound.

• #116 Diagnosing and Treating Staph Infections and MRSA | Banner

  https://www.bannerhealth.com/services/infectious-disease/treatment/staph-infections-and-mrsa

  Staph infections, especially MRSA, are common in health care settings. […] If you have a staph infection, you may notice: Red, swollen bumps that can look like pimples, boils or abscesses. They may be painful to the touch. Color changes may be harder to notice on darker skin. […] Pain that seems worse than you would expect for a skin injury. […] Warmth, pus or drainage in infected areas. […] Skin infections that don’t improve with regular antibiotics. […] Fever, chills and low blood pressure if the infection spreads. […] Seek medical attention right away if you have symptoms like fever, confusion, weakness, dizziness, fainting or rapidly spreading redness. Staph infections can quickly become serious. […] If you have fever, chills, confusion or redness that is spreading quickly get medical care right away. Staph infections can get serious in a short time.

• #117 MRSA: Early Stages of Infection and How It’s Treated

  https://www.healthline.com/health/early-mrsa

  MRSA infection may begin as a small bump on the skin. Treating the early signs can help you avoid complications like pneumonia or sepsis. […] The earliest symptoms of MRSA infection include a bump or wound that may look like a bug bite or spider bite. In this early stage, you may also experience: redness, pain, swelling, warmth, discharge, slow wound healing. […] As the infection worsens, you may also have other symptoms like: fever, chills, dizziness, confusion. […] Without treatment, MRSA can spread to other parts of the body and lead to severe infection. In the most severe cases, MRSA can lead to sepsis and death. […] With early identification and prompt treatment, MRSA infections respond well to wound care and antibiotics. […] Speak with your doctor if you have a wound or bump that won’t heal especially if you have a fever. MRSA is the cause of more than 70,000 severe infections and up to 9,000 deaths yearly. Early treatment can stop the infection from spreading and becoming more serious.

• #118 MRSA Tests: MedlinePlus Medical TestLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/mrsa-tests/

  MRSA is not spread through the air like a cold or flu virus, but it can live on surfaces for a long time. […] If it’s not treated, a MRSA infection may become more serious. If the bacteria spreads to your bloodstream, it can be dangerous, and you need to get quick medical treatment. Untreated MRSA can also spread to other people. […] You may need this test if you have symptoms of a MRSA infection. Your symptoms will depend on where the infection is located. […] A MRSA infection on the skin may look like a type of rash. A MRSA rash looks like red, swollen bumps on the skin. The bumps may be filled with fluid or pus. Some people may mistake a MRSA rash for a spider bite. However, unless you actually see the spider, the bumps are probably not from a spider bite. With MRSA, the infected area may also be: […] Symptoms of a MRSA infection in the bloodstream or other parts of the body include: […] Fever […] Chills […] Headache […] MRSA rash.

• #119 Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482221/

  Bacteremia due to S. aureus has been reported to be associated with mortality rates of 15% to 60%. […] MRSA is an important cause of bacterial endocarditis which can cause mortality in about a third of the infected patients (30-37%). […] The majority of data indicate that MRSA increases mortality and morbidity in seniors, nursing home patients and those with organ dysfunction. Individuals with end-stage liver disease, renal insufficiency and those admitted to the ICU have high mortality rates when there is an associated MRSA infection. The mortality rates vary from 5-60%, depending on the patient population and site of infection.

• #120 MRSA in the Elderly: Symptoms, Causes, and Prevention

  https://www.aplaceformom.com/caregiver-resources/articles/mrsa-in-the-elderly

  MRSA is most common as a skin infection because Staphylococci or staph are common bacteria that live on the skin. They cause infection whenever they enter the skin through a cut or sore. A person can also become infected with MRSA when the bacteria move inside of the body through a catheter, a breathing tube, or another entry point. […] MRSA infections can be minor, such as a mild scratch or a pimple, but can become problematic if left untreated. A typical staph infection normally causes a red, swollen, and painful area on the skin, according to information provided by the National Library of Medicine. Other symptoms may include: A skin abscess, Drainage of pus or other fluids from the site, Fever, Warmth around the infected area. […] Symptoms of a more serious staph infection may include: Rash, Shortness of breath, Fever, Chills, Chest pain, Fatigue, Muscle aches, Malaise, Headache. […] MRSAs deadliness depends on the severity of the infection, but its mortality rates are between 15% and 42%. MRSA infections can be fatal in young people but have higher death rates in elderly patients.

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