Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Food Dye and ADHD: Food Coloring, Sugar, and Diet

  https://www.webmd.com/add-adhd/childhood-adhd/food-dye-adhd

  For more than 30 years, scientists have examined the relationship between food coloring and hyperactive behavior in children, but with mixed results. To date, no conclusive evidence has been found to show that food coloring causes ADHD. Some studies, though, have suggested an association between the two. Most likely, ADHD is caused by the combination of changes in brain structure, environmental factors, and heredity. […] A study of nearly 300 children by the United Kingdoms Food Standards Agency in 2007 showed that the consumption of foods containing dyes could increase hyperactive behavior in children. […] The researchers found that hyperactive behavior by the 8- and 9-year-olds increased with both the mixtures containing artificial coloring additives. The hyperactive behavior of 3-year-olds increased with the first beverage but not necessarily with the second. They concluded that the results show an adverse effect on behavior after consumption of the food dyes.

• #2 ADHD diet: Do food additives cause hyperactivity?

  https://www.mymlc.com/health-information/faqs/a/adhd-diet-do-food-additives-cause-hyperactivity/

  Food additives include artificial colors, artificial sweeteners and preservatives. There’s no solid evidence that food additives cause attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, the topic of food additives and their possible effects is controversial. […] Some studies indicate that certain food colorings and preservatives may increase hyperactive behavior in some children. But the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Food Advisory Committee determined that studies to date have not proved there’s a link between food colorings and hyperactivity. […] Better research is needed to find out if limiting certain foods or food additives will help reduce hyperactivity and ADHD symptoms. […] Talk with your child’s doctor about the pros and cons of trying a diet that eliminates food additives to see if it makes a difference in your child’s behavior. Make sure your doctor or a dietitian helps supervise the diet plan. A diet that eliminates too many foods can be unhealthy because it may lack necessary vitamins and nutrients.

• #3 How food dye can affect children | Ohio State Health & Discovery

  https://health.osu.edu/health/mental-health/food-dye

  You might have wondered why your son or daughter became hyper and irritable after having a blue sports drink or eating a colorfully iced cookie or piece of cake. […] Food dyes can make some children and teens hyperactive and moody or irritable, according to available research. […] Though food dyes dont cause disorders such as anxiety or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), they could make those conditions worse. […] Even children and young adults without a mental health condition could become agitated after having food dye. […] Food dyes can make ADHD symptoms worse. […] Children who have a pattern of being angry, irritable and defying parents and other people in authority can experience more of those behaviors after having food or drinks with artificial dyes. […] Food dyes could affect how bacteria in the gut function, making anxiety worse. […] Its best to avoid all artificial food dyes. […] Adequate sleep, exercise and a healthy diet thats free of artificial food dyes can take the edge off ADHD and mood symptoms and possibly enable you or your child to need less medication.

• #4 Food Dyes: Harmless or Harmful?

  https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/food-dyes

  Food dyes can appear in a range of foods, from candies to salad dressing. […] Claims have been made that artificial dyes cause serious side effects, such as hyperactivity in children, as well as cancer and allergies. […] Food dyes may cause hyperactivity in sensitive children. […] Several studies have found that food dyes increase hyperactivity in children with and without ADHD, although some children seem to be more sensitive than others. […] Studies suggest there is a small but significant association between artificial food dyes and hyperactivity in children. Some children seem to be more sensitive to dyes than others. […] If your child has hyperactive or aggressive behavior, it may be beneficial to remove artificial food dyes from their diet. […] There is no conclusive evidence that food dyes are dangerous for most people. […] Nevertheless, they may cause allergic reactions in some people and hyperactivity in sensitive children.

• #5 Red Dye 40, Food Additives and ADHD: Feed Your Child’s FocusFooterLogo

  https://www.additudemag.com/feed-your-childs-focus-adhd-food-nutrition/?srsltid=AfmBOoronVcQiIz5PK9U2mMRB7JhGeOP9yn05uqXWvkUmbTrGs6aJIl7

  Research suggests that artificial food dyes, sugar, and sensitivities may exacerbate symptoms of ADHD in some children. […] Studies published in The Lancet, Pediatrics, and Journal of Pediatrics suggest that food additives adversely affect a population of children with ADHD. Some even indicate that artificial coloring and flavors, as well as the preservative sodium benzoate, can make even some kids without ADHD hyperactive. […] The FDA did admit that a population of children does react adversely to these dyes. […] If you consume orange soda in the U.S., you’re consuming red #40 and yellow #5. […] The results could be very important. It does require careful meal planning, grocery shopping, label reading, and the cooperation of your whole family. […] Avoiding foods with artificial colors and preservatives has another big benefit: It will raise the nutritional value of your family’s diet, since the “junkiest” foods on supermarket shelves tend to be—the most heavily colored and flavored. […] Not all food colors have the potential to make your child hyperactive.

• #6

  https://www.southampton.ac.uk/news/2007/09/hyperactivity-in-children-and-food-additives.page

  A study by researchers at the University of Southampton has shown evidence of increased levels of hyperactivity in young children consuming mixtures of some artificial food colours and the preservative sodium benzoate. […] The results of the Southampton study show that when the children were given the drinks containing the test mixtures, in some cases their behaviour was significantly more hyperactive. […] Professor of Psychology, Jim Stevenson, who led the research, comments: „We now have clear evidence that mixtures of certain food colours and benzoate preservative can adversely influence the behaviour of children. […] We have now shown that for a large group of children in the general population, consumption of certain mixtures of artificial food colours and benzoate preservative can influence their hyperactive behaviour.” […] „However parents should not think that simply taking these additives out of food will prevent all hyperactive disorders.”

• #7 Food additives and hyperactivity | The BMJ

  https://www.bmj.com/content/336/7654/1144

  Evidence supports a trial period of eliminating colourings and preservatives from the diet. […] Whether preservatives and colourings cause or exacerbate hyperactive behaviours is an important question for many paediatricians and parents. […] A recent randomised placebo controlled trial in 297 children aged 3-9 years provides evidence of increased hyperactive behaviour after they ate a mixture of food colourings and a preservative (sodium benzoate). […] The trial found an adverse effect of the mixture on behaviour as measured by a global hyperactivity aggregate score. […] In view of the potential importance of these findings, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) recently provided an opinion that takes other evidence into account.

• #8 FAB: Arnold et al 2012 – Artificial food colors and attention-deficit/hyperactivity symptoms: conclusions to dye for

  https://library.fabresearch.org/viewItem.php?id=9653

  The effect of artificial food colors (AFCs) on child behavior has been studied for more than 35 years, with accumulating evidence from imperfect studies. […] Recent data suggest a small but significant deleterious effect of AFCs on children’s behavior that is not confined to those with diagnosable ADHD. AFCs appear to be more of a public health problem than an ADHD problem. AFCs are not a major cause of ADHD per se, but seem to affect children regardless of whether or not they have ADHD, and they may have an aggregated effect on classroom climate if most children in the class suffer a small behavioral decrement with additive or synergistic effects. […] Professor Arnold provides an expert summary of: the now substantial and compelling evidence that artificial food colourings (AFC) have negative effects on the health and behaviour of children with or without a diagnosis of ADHD. This includes: Meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials in children with ADHD-type behaviour problems, showing that removal of AFC from the diet reduces behavioural problems.

• #9 FDA panel finds no link between artificial food colorings and hyperactivity in most children – Harvard Health

  https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/fda-panel-finds-no-link-between-artificial-food-colorings-and-hyperactivity-in-most-children-201104012184

  This was similar to the effect size reported in an earlier review by researchers at Columbia University and Harvard University, who estimated that removing artificial food colorings from the diets of children with ADHD would be about one-third to one-half as effective as treatment with methylphenidate (Ritalin). […] For most children with ADHD, there is no evidence that radical diets that eliminate nearly all processed foods and many fruits and vegetables such as the Feingold diet do any good. […] If you are concerned about behavior changes in your child, or yourself, experiment a bit. Try removing the major dietary sources of artificial colors and additives and see if symptoms improve. […] The best advice for anyone with ADHD is to follow a sensible diet. Emphasize fruits and vegetables, whole grains, healthful unsaturated fats, and good proteins. […] Minimizing candy and sugared drinks, eating a truly balanced diet, adding physical activity to the menu these habits will have any number of health benefits (both for the body and the brain).

• #10 Red Food Dye and Its link to Hyperactivity and ADHD Symptoms

  https://poppylifecare.com/red-food-dye-and-its-link-to-hyperactivity-and-adhd-symptoms/

  Red Food Dye 40 is a synthetic dye made from petroleum that has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in food products. […] Extensive research on animals and humans has shown that synthetic color additives such as Red 40 have links to ADHD symptoms and other neurobehavioral conditions. […] According to a report from the state of California conducted in 2021, research indicates that children who consume synthetic food dyes, including Red 40, may experience hyperactivity and other neurobehavioral issues. […] With growing numbers of behavioral disorders among U.S. children, it is becoming increasingly important to protect them from potential exposure to foods that may exacerbate or contribute to their concerns. […] Although food dye sensitivities do vary between individuals, current research has indicated that adverse effects can occur in children with and without preexisting behavioral conditions like ADHD. […] Since the consumption of red food dye has quadrupled in the last 50 years, this can be cause for concern and its consumption should be more carefully monitored, both by the FDA and individual consumers.

• #11 Public Health Professor Shows Food Dye Linked to Childhood Behavior in California EPA Study | Newsroom

  https://news.ucmerced.edu/news/2021/public-health-professor-shows-food-dye-linked-childhood-behavior-california-epa-study

  Public health Professor Asa Bradman conducted research to examine a link between childhood development and food dyes. […] The report, released today by the California Environmental Protection Agency’s Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA), finds that current federal levels for safe intake of synthetic food dyes may not sufficiently protect children’s behavioral health. […] Evidence shows that synthetic food dyes are associated with adverse neurobehavioral outcomes in some children, said OEHHA Director Lauren Zeise. […] The OEHHA findings reveal that consumption of synthetic food dyes can result in hyperactivity and other neurobehavioral problems in some children, and that children vary in their sensitivity to synthetic food dyes. […] Comparisons with newer studies indicate that the current ADIs may not adequately protect children from behavioral effects.

• #12 California agency acknowledges synthetic food dyes’ link to hyperactivity and behavioral problems in kids | Environmental Working Group

  https://www.ewg.org/news-insights/news/2021/04/california-agency-acknowledges-synthetic-food-dyes-link-hyperactivity

  Foods containing synthetic food dyes make children vulnerable to hyperactivity and other behavioral problems, according to a new report by California state scientists. […] OEHHAs report concluded that human studies show that dyes are associated with inattentiveness, hyperactivity and restlessness in sensitive children. […] OEHHAs findings concluded that currently allowed levels are not protective of childrens health and need to be much lower. […] The FDA and state health agencies need to act so another generation of children is not at risk of developing serious behavioral problems that will affect them throughout their lives. […] EWG recommends caregivers limit childrens consumption of food dyes and other harmful food additives by: Avoiding food products with these ingredients. Choose fresh, whole foods when possible, and limit packaged foods, especially those that are artificially colored and marketed to kids.

• #13 Red dye 40 and ADHD: List of foods, symptoms, and more

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/red-dye-40-adhd

  Red 40 and other dyes may worsen the symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in some, but more research is needed. […] Research in both animals and humans has shown synthetic color additives such as red dye 40 to have links to ADHD symptoms and other neurobehavioral conditions. […] According to a 2021 report from the state of California, research does indicate that children who consume synthetic food dyes, including red dye 40, can experience hyperactivity and other neurobehavioral issues. […] Many studies on synthetic color additives look at red dye 40. Although the data vary, the majority of studies report at least some connection between color additives and ADHD symptoms. […] Research indicates that hyperactivity in some children may increase due to exposure to synthetic food dyes, including red dye 40.

• #14 Red Dye 40 and ADHD: Health Risks and Foods to Avoid

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/red-dye-40-adhd-5220957

  Made from petroleum, red dye 40 is a synthetic food dye. Some studies suggest a link between red dye 40 and ADHD behavior; the dye might trigger or exacerbate behavioral changes in sensitive children. […] The dye’s effects vary by individual, but it has been linked to hyperactivity, irritability, and trouble focusing. […] To avoid potential issues, children with ADHD should steer clear of products with red dye 40, including certain candies, soft drinks, and cough medicines. […] Research also shows that eliminating foods with artificial colors may significantly improve behavioral symptoms in children with ADHD and other mental health or behavioral disorders. […] In children with ADHD, red dye 40 may exacerbate symptoms of hyperactivity and irritability. […] Red dye 40 may cause tantrums and other strong emotional responses in children who are sensitive to the dye. Red dye 40 is known to exacerbate symptoms of ADHD.

• #15 FD&C Yellow 5: What It Is, Health Effects, Cancer Risk, and More

  https://www.healthline.com/health/yellow-5

  Yellow 5 is an artificial food dye added to processed pastries, brightly colored soda, and colored candy. Consuming more than the recommended amount may cause hyperactivity in children and other health effects over time. […] Studies have found a possible link between fruit juices containing a mix of AFCs and hyperactive symptoms in children. Research also suggests moderate to high amounts of this AFC over time may have harmful effects. […] Following the release of a groundbreaking 2007 study linking AFCs to hyperactivity in preschool and school-aged children, the Food Standards Agency of the European Union (EU) deemed six AFCs unsafe for kids. […] The EU warning label reads, May have an adverse effect on activity and attention in children. […] In 2011, the advisory committee for the FDA voted against using labels like these in the United States, citing lack of evidence. However, the committee did recommend ongoing research on AFCs and hyperactivity.

• #16 Critical Information About Our Kids’ Food and Artificial Dyes & Colouring | Healthy Eating And Living

  https://www.healthyeatingandliving.ca/post/kids-food-and-artificial-dyes-colouring

  Specific to tartazine (yellow dye), behavioural changes in irritability, restlessness, and sleep disturbance were associated with its ingestion. […] I believe that every parent wants the best for their child, and frequent exposure to these ingredients can make it challenging for your child to thrive. […] Food dyes were originally made from coal tar and now are made from petroleum. Whatttt? Directly from this study: “Red 3 causes cancer in animals, and there is evidence that several other dyes also are carcinogenic. Three dyes (Red 40, Yellow 5, and Yellow 6) have been found to be contaminated with benzidine or other carcinogens. At least four dyes (Blue 1, Red 40, Yellow 5, and Yellow 6) cause hypersensitivity reactions. Toxicity tests on two dyes (Citrus Red 2 and Orange B) also suggest safety concerns.”

• #17 The Link Between Food Colors And Additives And Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): How to Test for Food Color and Additive Reactions

  https://www.rupahealth.com/post/the-link-between-food-colors-and-additives-and-attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder-adhd-how-to-test-for-food-color-and-additive-reactions

  The Food and Drug Administration has over 3000 ingredients listed on its database of additives that are permitted in US food items. Out of this number, nine of them are approved synthetic food coloring. Food colors and additives have been a topic of increasing concern, especially with the rise of neurocognitive conditions among our young. […] A great example was seen in a 6-week trial of 200 kids who went on a synthetic color-free diet. During the study, 150 of the children showed improvements in behavior while on the diet. […] Taking a deeper look into the food coloring and additives that children are exposed to can shed light on areas of nutritional implications and ADHD. […] Pertaining to ADHD, colorants and chemical additives have become a mainstream medical topic for their potential implication on neurocognitive function. When it comes to food coloring, FDC Red 40 is the most scrutinized dye. A 2020 report from the California Environmental Protection Agency expressed that intake of synthetic dyes in some children may be associated with behavioral signs, including inattentiveness, hyperactivity, and restlessness.

• #18 The Side Effects of Artificial Food Coloring and Dyes: Cancer and ADHD

  https://nutritionfacts.org/video/the-side-effects-of-artificial-food-coloring-and-dyes-cancer-and-adhd/

  Finally, in October 2023, the California Food Safety Act was signed banning Red Dye No. 3 from food and drinks sold throughout the state, while consumer groups, including the Center for Science in the Public Interest, continue to petition the FDA for a national ban to prohibit use of this carcinogen.

• #19 Red dye no. 3: What parents need to know – Children’s Health

  https://www.childrens.com/health-wellness/red-dye-no-3-what-parents-need-to-know

  In 2022, food safety and health organizations petitioned the FDA to ban red dye no. 3. […] They cited studies that: […] Pointed to a link between red dye no. 3 and behavioral issues in kids. […] There are studies that show that red dye no. 3 could be a trigger for hyperactivity in kids who are sensitive or have been diagnosed with ADHD. „But we don’t have evidence that red dye no. 3 is a direct cause of hyperactivity,” Rangel says. […] „Giving kids fewer processed, sugary foods and avoiding artificial colors and additives can make a real difference in how a kid feels and acts day-to-day. And that can make the tough job of parenting a little bit easier.”

• #20 The Impact of Artificial Food Dyes on Autism & ADHD | Autism Dietitian

  https://www.autismdietitian.com/blog/artificial-dyes-autim-adhd

  As a dietitian for children with autism and ADHD, I have always been aware of the connection between artificial ingredients, particularly food dyes, and worsening hyperactivity, focus, sleep, and other symptoms. Removing artificial dyes is often one of the first dietary changes I recommend, as it is beneficial for any individual, regardless if they are on the autism spectrum. […] The most common reported reactions to artificial dyes include ADHD symptoms, anaphylactic reactions, bedwetting, confusion, ear infections, eczema, mood swings, OCD behaviors, sleep disturbances, aggression, lack of concentration, and hyperactivity. […] A meta-analysis linking autism and food colors was published in early 2020 and had some ground-breaking discoveries. It clearly outlined that food colors Blue 1 and 2, Green 3, Red 3, Yellow 5 and 6, Citrus Red 2, and Red 40 can trigger many behaviors in most kids, specifically hyperactivity. They also found there to be a specific correlation between yellow dye and sleep disturbance. […] Avoiding artificial ingredients isn’t great just for your child with autism, it’s great for your whole family!

• #21 Is Red Dye 40 The Cause of Your Child’s Hyperactivity?

  https://hes-extraordinary.com/red-dye-40

  Currently, research is raising more and more concerns regarding red dye 40 and other artificial food colors. […] The National Institute of Health (NIH) believes that current scientific research is too substantial to dismiss, but more research into red dye 40 needs to be conducted to understand its effects fully. […] Research shows that consuming red dye 40 affects the metabolism of other nutrients and affects brain functioning without crossing the blood-brain barrier. Red Dye 40 can cause DNA damage, contribute to colonic inflammation, and negatively affect the microbiome. It also causes pediatric hyperactivity and learning issues. […] The research isn’t suggesting that artificial food colors like red dye 40 are causing ADHD. It’s believed that red dye and other artificial food colors cause pediatric hyperactivity and learning issues. […] Consumption of red dye 40 has quadrupled in the last 50 years. […] Additionally, research shows red dye 40 alters the composition of microorganisms in the gut, leading to increased susceptibility to inflammation.

• #22 The Link Between Food Colors And Additives And Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): How to Test for Food Color and Additive Reactions

  https://www.rupahealth.com/post/the-link-between-food-colors-and-additives-and-attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder-adhd-how-to-test-for-food-color-and-additive-reactions

  Multiple studies have been geared towards the combo effect of food coloring with the additive Sodium Benzoate. […] Another study had an elimination period where three-year-olds had one week with artificial dyes and Sodium Benzoate eliminated from their diet. For the following three weeks, they were given a beverage that contained both additives. Results revealed a significant increase in hyperactivity during the additive weeks. […] On the placebo days, there was a significant improvement in their symptoms compared to food additive days. […] Many of the other food additives may impact gut health and a child’s microbiome, which can have an effect on brain health. […] Potential impacts on the microbiota have been assessed when it comes to the mentioned categories of food additives. […] Gut-brain connection has a contributory effect on ADHD, as many of our neurotransmitters are made in the gut.

• #23 What is Red Dye 40? ADHD And Brain Health | Amen Clinics Amen Clinics

  https://www.amenclinics.com/blog/brain-health-guide-red-dye-40/

  Artificial dyes may also trigger mind-storms, which are issues with the brain’s wiring or electrical activity. […] Abnormal electrical activity can not only change the activity of the brain, but it can also change your mind and cause mind storms that can be associated with temper outbursts, depression, suicidal thoughts, panic attacks, distractibility, and confusion. […] The downsides of Red Dye 40 also include problems with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). […] A 2022 study on mice in Nature Communications found that frequent consumption of artificially colored red foods like Lifesavers, Jell-O, and Gatorade increases the chances of developing an IBD, such as Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis. […] The findings suggest that long-term exposure to the dye in quantities commonly consumed in food products damages gut health and raises the risk of inflammation.

• #24 What is Red Dye 40? ADHD And Brain Health | Amen Clinics Amen Clinics

  https://www.amenclinics.com/blog/brain-health-guide-red-dye-40/

  Red Dye 40 has been linked to a host of physical and mental health issues, including ADD/ADHD, allergies, immune disorders, mind-storms, and even inflammatory bowel diseases. […] Multiple studies published in journals such as Pediatrics, The Lancet, and Journal of Pediatrics demonstrate that some children with ADD/ADHD may be adversely affected by artificial food colors. Other research indicates that artificial coloring and flavors, as well as the preservative sodium benzoate, can make some non-ADD/ADHD kids hyperactive. […] Many parents who notice increased hyperactivity in their children after a sweet snack mistakenly blame a sugar rush for the bad behavior. But often, it’s the artificial food coloring that’s the real culprit. […] Additionally, both adults and children have reported upset stomach, migraines, jitteriness, nervousness, and inability to concentrate after a high intake of Red Dye 40.

• #25 Critical Information About Our Kids’ Food and Artificial Dyes & Colouring | Healthy Eating And Living

  https://www.healthyeatingandliving.ca/post/kids-food-and-artificial-dyes-colouring

  Specific to tartazine (yellow dye), behavioural changes in irritability, restlessness, and sleep disturbance were associated with its ingestion. […] I believe that every parent wants the best for their child, and frequent exposure to these ingredients can make it challenging for your child to thrive. […] Food dyes were originally made from coal tar and now are made from petroleum. Whatttt? Directly from this study: “Red 3 causes cancer in animals, and there is evidence that several other dyes also are carcinogenic. Three dyes (Red 40, Yellow 5, and Yellow 6) have been found to be contaminated with benzidine or other carcinogens. At least four dyes (Blue 1, Red 40, Yellow 5, and Yellow 6) cause hypersensitivity reactions. Toxicity tests on two dyes (Citrus Red 2 and Orange B) also suggest safety concerns.”

• #26 Critical Information About Our Kids’ Food and Artificial Dyes & Colouring | Healthy Eating And Living

  https://www.healthyeatingandliving.ca/post/kids-food-and-artificial-dyes-colouring

  Building off the behavioural issues mentioned above, tartazine was studied in mice and rats to evaluate the toxic effect of tartrazine on the learning and memory functions in mice and rats and showed adverse effects in learning and memory functions in the animals. […] Red 40, Yellow 5 and Yellow 6 are considered to be the most allergenic dyes; tartazine sensitivity is thought to manifest the most as asthma and hives. Over 50% of people with chronic hives showed allergic reactions to food dyes. […] […] […] In conclusion, there’s so much more to say about this topic, but I’ll leave it here for today. I hope you feel empowered by this information.

• #27 What is Red Dye 40? ADHD And Brain Health | Amen Clinics Amen Clinics

  https://www.amenclinics.com/blog/brain-health-guide-red-dye-40/

  Artificial dyes may also trigger mind-storms, which are issues with the brain’s wiring or electrical activity. […] Abnormal electrical activity can not only change the activity of the brain, but it can also change your mind and cause mind storms that can be associated with temper outbursts, depression, suicidal thoughts, panic attacks, distractibility, and confusion. […] The downsides of Red Dye 40 also include problems with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). […] A 2022 study on mice in Nature Communications found that frequent consumption of artificially colored red foods like Lifesavers, Jell-O, and Gatorade increases the chances of developing an IBD, such as Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis. […] The findings suggest that long-term exposure to the dye in quantities commonly consumed in food products damages gut health and raises the risk of inflammation.

• #28 Health Implications of Artificial Food Dyes: do they cause hyperactivity, cancer, and IBD?

  https://dietitiansuccesscenter.com/health-implications-of-artificial-food-dyes-do-they-cause-hyperactivity-cancer-and-ibd/

  Artificial food dyes (like Red 40, Blue 1, Yellow 5 and Yellow 6) are commonly used in processed foods and beverages to enhance their appearance and appeal to consumers. […] Hyperactivity in children is one of the most prominent ties with artificial food dyes. […] Since then, numerous studies have looked at the potential link between artificial food dyes and hyperactivity in children. […] Studies in 2004 and 2007, commissioned by the British Food Standards Agency (FSA) found a possible link between the consumption of six types of food colorings and hyperactivity in children. […] The 2007 randomized controlled trial found a significant adverse effect of juice with added artificial food dye on hyperactive behavior compared to placebo. […] Overall, there needs to be more high-quality research to infer a direct link between hyperactivity and food dyes. Artificial food dyes are unlikely to cause generalized adverse effects in all children but may affect some sensitive children.

• #29 Artificial Food Dyes & Behavior – Smart Kids

  https://www.smartkidswithld.org/getting-help/adhd/artificial-food-dyes-behavior/

  The link between artificial food dyes and hyperactivity in kids is a hot topic for researchers, regulators, policymakers, and consumer advocates Anecdotally, parents, too, attest to the harmful effect food dyes have on their childs behavior as well as on school performance […] Although the evidence is still considered inconclusive, numerous studies have shown that food dyes can worsen behavior in some children. […] Dr. Nigg suggests minimizing childrens exposure to AFCs until their safety can be better determined. […] Many children are sensitive to synthetic dyes. According to Dr. Nigg, food dyes cause symptoms in up to eight percent of children with ADHD nationwideor over 500,000 kids. […] Artificial dyes are more of a public health problem than an ADHD problem. While AFCs are not a main cause of ADHD or hyperactivity, they may contribute significantly to some cases, and may additionally push a youngster over the diagnostic threshold.

• #30 FD&C Yellow 5: What It Is, Health Effects, Cancer Risk, and More

  https://www.healthline.com/health/yellow-5

  Some studies suggest that 50 milligrams (mg) of AFCs per day is enough to cause behavior changes in children. […] Between 2004 and 2007, three landmark studies revealed a relationship between fruit juices flavored with AFCs and hyperactive behavior in kids. […] Results of one study showed that those preschoolers who were given Mix A, containing yellow 5, demonstrated a much higher global hyperactivity score compared to preschoolers who were given the placebo. […] In fact, researchers found that all children in the experimental group showed slight increases in hyperactive behavior. […] But children with ADHD may be extremely sensitive. […] More research is needed. […] The FDA and top researchers have reviewed the evidence and concluded that yellow 5 doesn’t pose an immediate threat to human health. However, research does suggest that this dye may harm cells over time, especially when cells are exposed to greater amounts than the recommended intake.

• #31 FDA panel finds no link between artificial food colorings and hyperactivity in most children – Harvard Health

  https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/fda-panel-finds-no-link-between-artificial-food-colorings-and-hyperactivity-in-most-children-201104012184

  FDA panel finds no link between artificial food colorings and hyperactivity in most children. […] However, the panel wrote that certain children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may be uniquely vulnerable, not just to food colorings, but to any number of food additives. […] The FDA committees vote today is in line with the consensus view among scientists, that diet alone is probably not the driving force behind ADHD symptoms such as inattention, hyperactivity, or impulsive behavior. […] At the same time, the FDAs ruling and several recent studies suggest that food additives could contribute to symptoms in some children. […] In 2007, for example, a well-designed study in Britain found that preschoolers and elementary school students became slightly more hyperactive when they consumed drinks containing artificial colors.

• #32 Red Dye 40, Food Additives and ADHD: Feed Your Child’s FocusFooterLogo

  https://www.additudemag.com/feed-your-childs-focus-adhd-food-nutrition/?srsltid=AfmBOoronVcQiIz5PK9U2mMRB7JhGeOP9yn05uqXWvkUmbTrGs6aJIl7

  Research suggests that artificial food dyes, sugar, and sensitivities may exacerbate symptoms of ADHD in some children. […] Studies published in The Lancet, Pediatrics, and Journal of Pediatrics suggest that food additives adversely affect a population of children with ADHD. Some even indicate that artificial coloring and flavors, as well as the preservative sodium benzoate, can make even some kids without ADHD hyperactive. […] The FDA did admit that a population of children does react adversely to these dyes. […] If you consume orange soda in the U.S., you’re consuming red #40 and yellow #5. […] The results could be very important. It does require careful meal planning, grocery shopping, label reading, and the cooperation of your whole family. […] Avoiding foods with artificial colors and preservatives has another big benefit: It will raise the nutritional value of your family’s diet, since the “junkiest” foods on supermarket shelves tend to be—the most heavily colored and flavored. […] Not all food colors have the potential to make your child hyperactive.

• #33 The Impact of Artificial Food Dyes on Autism & ADHD | Autism Dietitian

  https://www.autismdietitian.com/blog/artificial-dyes-autim-adhd

  As a dietitian for children with autism and ADHD, I have always been aware of the connection between artificial ingredients, particularly food dyes, and worsening hyperactivity, focus, sleep, and other symptoms. Removing artificial dyes is often one of the first dietary changes I recommend, as it is beneficial for any individual, regardless if they are on the autism spectrum. […] The most common reported reactions to artificial dyes include ADHD symptoms, anaphylactic reactions, bedwetting, confusion, ear infections, eczema, mood swings, OCD behaviors, sleep disturbances, aggression, lack of concentration, and hyperactivity. […] A meta-analysis linking autism and food colors was published in early 2020 and had some ground-breaking discoveries. It clearly outlined that food colors Blue 1 and 2, Green 3, Red 3, Yellow 5 and 6, Citrus Red 2, and Red 40 can trigger many behaviors in most kids, specifically hyperactivity. They also found there to be a specific correlation between yellow dye and sleep disturbance. […] Avoiding artificial ingredients isn’t great just for your child with autism, it’s great for your whole family!

• #34 The Health Risks Of Artificial Food Dyes | Henry Ford Health – Detroit, MI

  https://www.henryford.com/blog/2025/01/health-risks-of-artificial-food-dyes

  Artificial dyes have been linked to a number of possible health problems including: […] Behavioral changes that food dyes may contribute to include: Hyperactivity […] A review of the existing research, published in 2022, found evidence from both animal and human studies that suggested artificial food dyes can affect behavior in children. […] However, it can cause hyperactivity and might make ADHD symptoms worse. […] Sometimes symptoms take a day or two to show up, Saperstein says. […] Theres also research that shows when you remove dye from a childs diet, they have fewer symptoms like restlessness or hyperactivity.

• #35 How food dye can affect children | Ohio State Health & Discovery

  https://health.osu.edu/health/mental-health/food-dye

  You might have wondered why your son or daughter became hyper and irritable after having a blue sports drink or eating a colorfully iced cookie or piece of cake. […] Food dyes can make some children and teens hyperactive and moody or irritable, according to available research. […] Though food dyes dont cause disorders such as anxiety or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), they could make those conditions worse. […] Even children and young adults without a mental health condition could become agitated after having food dye. […] Food dyes can make ADHD symptoms worse. […] Children who have a pattern of being angry, irritable and defying parents and other people in authority can experience more of those behaviors after having food or drinks with artificial dyes. […] Food dyes could affect how bacteria in the gut function, making anxiety worse. […] Its best to avoid all artificial food dyes. […] Adequate sleep, exercise and a healthy diet thats free of artificial food dyes can take the edge off ADHD and mood symptoms and possibly enable you or your child to need less medication.

• #36 Food Coloring and Children with ADHD: Do Dyes Impact Behavior?FooterLogo

  https://www.additudemag.com/food-coloring-dyes-adhd-symptoms/?srsltid=AfmBOooxnURNcXPvF0ERbsgYRPUSDQE1D9AH02qxvYdkgtZQePvzvFtk

  Research suggests that synthetic food coloring affects ADHD symptoms in some children. […] Irritability. Extreme hyperactivity. Explosive anger. Anxiety, or even despondency. If you’ve noticed a spike in undesirable emotions and behaviors after your child eats a bowl of Fruit Loops or a handful of M&Ms — and suspected a link between their ADHD symptoms and diet — you are not alone. […] Joining the CSPI in its crusade is the American Academy of Pediatrics and ADHD experts like Joel Nigg, Ph.D., director of the ADHD Research Program at Oregon Health and Science University. Nigg and many of his colleagues in science are calling on the FDA to either ban food dyes completely or require a warning label about their effects on hyperactivity to increase awareness. […] Based on research, including Nigg’s own review of the literature in 2012, restricting the consumption of synthetic food dyes does benefit some children with ADHD.

• #37 What is Red Dye 40? ADHD And Brain Health | Amen Clinics Amen Clinics

  https://www.amenclinics.com/blog/brain-health-guide-red-dye-40/

  What we have found is striking and alarming, as this common synthetic food dye is a possible dietary trigger for IBDs. […] The brain imaging work at Amen Clinics demonstrates that Red Dye 40 can dramatically affect brain function. […] After removing Red Dye 40 from his diet, Robert’s behavior improved dramatically. […] A new field called nutritional psychiatry shows how important food is for mental health, emotional well-being, cognitive function, and behavioral stability. […] To rid this dye from your family’s diet, you need to learn to scour nutrition labels. […] An elimination diet can help you determine if artificial food dyes may be contributing to bothersome symptoms. […] ADD/ADHD, behavioral problems, and other mental health issues can’t wait.

• #38 How food coloring and additives affect behavior | baby gooroo

  https://babygooroo.com/articles/how-food-coloring-and-additives-affect-behavior

  Fast forward to 2010, when the debate continued, but it was now centered around the effect of food colorings on child behavior specifically, whether artificial food colorings make children hyperactive. […] A growing body of research suggests a connection between food dyes and children’s behavior. […] For too long, studies have raised questions about the impact food dyes are having on the development of children and the possible link between dyes and behavior. […] In April 2011, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) convened a panel to study the possible link between food dyes and behavior issues, after scientists suggested that food dyes may negatively affect children with existing behavioral issues. […] If your child has behavior problems especially if you notice an increase in the intensity of these problems within an hour or two after eating food containing artificial dye try eliminating foods with coloring for a week or two and see if your child’s behavior improves.

• #39 Could Food Dyes Disrupt Children’s Behavior and Learning? – VEGGIEMAN

  https://veggieman.com/could-food-dyes-disrupt-childrens-behavior-and-learning/

  If your children struggle with hyperactivity, schoolwork, or mood swings, you may wonder if what theyre eating could be a factor. Studies suggest artificial food dyes are a major dietary culprit that could impact some childrens behavior and learning. […] Dr. Feingold had observed that certain food additives, including food dyes, seemed to increase the risk of hyperactivity and other behavior problems. […] For example, in a study of 200 hyperactive children, 150 of them (75%) experienced improved behavior when artificial food dyes were eliminated from their diet for six weeks. […] All three studies showed a small but significant effect of the dyes on the childrens behavior. […] According to the Feingold Association and scientific studies, artificial food dyes (as well as some other food additives) have been linked with significant hyperactivity, impulsive actions, compulsive behaviors, emotional concerns, difficulty thinking, short attention span, nerve/muscle symptoms, and sleep issues.

• #40

  https://hiyahealth.com/blogs/evidence-based-essentials/the-impact-of-artificial-food-coloring-on-children-s-health

  Another study found that removing artificial food dyes and a preservative called sodium benzoate from the diet significantly improved hyperactive symptoms in children. […] A recent analysis, reviewing 20 studies conducted between 2000 and 2022, focused on the link between blue food coloring and hyperactivity. The findings suggest that diets containing artificial food dyes are associated with notable increases in ADHD symptoms in children. […] As shown, several studies suggest that artificial food dyes could increase hyperactivity in children, with some individuals being more sensitive than others.

• #41 Food Coloring and Children with ADHD: Do Dyes Impact Behavior?FooterLogo

  https://www.additudemag.com/food-coloring-dyes-adhd-symptoms/?srsltid=AfmBOooxnURNcXPvF0ERbsgYRPUSDQE1D9AH02qxvYdkgtZQePvzvFtk

  Food dyes appear to be one of them. Although many children who are sensitive to food dyes are also sensitive to other elements in food, food dyes are a straightforward target. Should parents avoid food dyes? If possible, you can remove one of the many potential negative factors. […] Parents are well-advised to remove food dyes from their child’s diet if they can. […] Some children may experience more aggression and hyperactivity, and reduced attention and focus. […] Food dyes probably make children with and without ADHD more irritable. […] Although overall effects are small, it appears that food dyes trigger and/or worsen ADHD symptoms in some children. […] The FDA appears to acknowledge this in its 2011 findings. […] If you see improvement in behavior, reintroduce foods one at a time for a few days to see if problems re-emerge. […] If you don’t see a change, give her a second glass and look for hyperactivity. […] If you see only a subtle change in behavior after avoiding food dyes, it may not be worth the effort and cost to continue.

• #42 Hidden Colors: Answering Top Food Dye & Additive Questions | ThedaCare

  https://thedacare.org/hidden-colors-answering-top-food-dye-additive-questions/

  Parents and caregivers who are concerned should know they can take steps to avoid dyes and other additives in kids diets, Dr. Smolcich says. […] Some groups, including the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), have stated that food dyes and additives may pose health risks to children. In particular, some experts say that artificial food colorings can worsen symptoms for some kids with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). […] Studies [cited in the AAPs Food Additives and Child Health Report] found a significant number of children who cut synthetic food colorings from their diets showed decreased ADHD symptoms, the group stated.

• #43 California agency acknowledges synthetic food dyes’ link to hyperactivity and behavioral problems in kids | Environmental Working Group

  https://www.ewg.org/news-insights/news/2021/04/california-agency-acknowledges-synthetic-food-dyes-link-hyperactivity

  Foods containing synthetic food dyes make children vulnerable to hyperactivity and other behavioral problems, according to a new report by California state scientists. […] OEHHAs report concluded that human studies show that dyes are associated with inattentiveness, hyperactivity and restlessness in sensitive children. […] OEHHAs findings concluded that currently allowed levels are not protective of childrens health and need to be much lower. […] The FDA and state health agencies need to act so another generation of children is not at risk of developing serious behavioral problems that will affect them throughout their lives. […] EWG recommends caregivers limit childrens consumption of food dyes and other harmful food additives by: Avoiding food products with these ingredients. Choose fresh, whole foods when possible, and limit packaged foods, especially those that are artificially colored and marketed to kids.

• #44 Food colours and hyperactivity | Health Information from Mediclinic Pharmacy

  https://mediclinicpharmacy.com/nhs_conditions_food-colours-and-hyperactivity

  Research has found a possible link between certain artificial colours used in food and problems with hyperactivity in children. […] If your child is hyperactive, or has attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), there’s some evidence to suggest that avoiding these 6 food colours may help. […] hyperactivity can have many different causes, including genetics, and food colours are probably only a small part of the problem. […] removing food colours from your child’s diet will not necessarily lead to an improvement in their behaviour. […] the link between food colours and hyperactivity is not completely certain; more research is needed to confirm it. […] If you think your child’s diet may be affecting their behaviour, it might help to keep a diary of what they eat and how their behaviour changes, so you can see any patterns. […] If you notice a possible link between food colours and their behaviour, you may want to see if avoiding these colours helps. But do not make changes to your child’s diet without getting advice from their GP first.

• #45 Do Artificial Food Colors Cause ADHD Symptoms? – CHADD

  https://chadd.org/adhd-weekly/do-artificial-food-colors-cause-adhd-symptoms/

  Dr. Arnold and colleagues also reviewed multiple studies about artificial food colors and preservatives in Artificial Food Colors and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Symptoms: Conclusions to Dye for. He again urged additional research that was more targeted in figuring out if there is a role played by artificial colors in children’s behavior. […] Artificial food colors are not a main cause of ADHD, but they may contribute significantly to some cases, and in some cases may additively push a youngster over the diagnostic threshold. […] The harmful effect of artificial food colors does not appear to be confined to people diagnosed with ADHD. […] Until safety can be better determined, Dr. Arnold and colleagues suggest minimizing children’s exposure to artificial food colors. […] If you are concerned your daughter may have a sensitivity to artificial food colors or preservatives, discuss it with her doctor. […] Focusing meals and snacks on whole and minimally processed foods is beneficial for all your family members; it is also a good way to avoid some of those ingredients that may aggravate your daughter’s ADHD symptoms.

• #46 Red Dye 40 Side Effects and Food List

  https://health.clevelandclinic.org/red-dye-40

  The color additive found in many pre-packaged foods may affect those with ADHD or allergies. […] But some studies have linked artificial food dyes like red dye 40 to hyperactivity, including ADHD. […] Some studies show a link between dyes and increased ADHD or hyperactivity in children. […] Potential side effects may include: Hyperactivity, including ADHD. […] I recommend minimizing food dyes in your kids diets, reiterates Zumpano. […] If you have to frost something, try making the frosting from scratch and stick to chocolate or cream frosting or choose dyes from natural food sources. […] And Zumpano stresses you should avoid giving your kids processed foods for as long as possible and limit the frequency to only times that it may be difficult to control such as a birthday party or school party.

• #47 What the Current Science Says About Hyperactivity and Food Colors – Food Insight

  https://foodinsight.org/what-the-current-science-says-about-hyperactivity-and-food-colors/

  In 2011, the FDA Food Advisory Committee convened to help answer researchers burning questions around the topic of food colors and hyperactivity. […] the FDA again concluded that there is not sufficient evidence that shows that food color additives increase hyperactivity and/or ADHD in children. […] currently scientists and regulatory agencies agree that there is not sufficient scientific evidence that links ADHD with food color additives and that more research is needed.

• #48 Food Colours and Hyperactivity in Children

  https://www.cfs.gov.hk/english/multimedia/multimedia_pub/multimedia_pub_fsf_48_01.html

  From 20 July 2010, foods to be sold in member countries of the European Union are required to put up a warning statement „may have an adverse effect on activity and attention in children” if they contain certain artificial food colours. […] Based on the changes on activity and attention of these children, the researchers concluded that exposure to food colour mixtures in the diet result in increased hyperactivity in children. […] The Expert Committee, while agreed that the matter deserved close observation, observed a number of inherent limitations in the study and scientific uncertainties such that a causal link between food colours and behavioural changes in children could not be established. […] Experts opined that the Southampton study had a number of limitations and uncertainties, in which a link between food colours and behavioural changes in children could not be established.

• #49 Food colouring – what’s all the hype about? — Angela Berrill

  https://www.angelaberrill.com/blog/food-colouring

  Despite these expert reports, whether artificial colours have any impact on hyperactivity or childrens behaviour remains a contentious issue. […] Changes in behaviour may also occur in a small number (8%) of children who already have ADHD, and who are more sensitive to food colours than their peers. […] Tartrazine is a bright lemon yellow synthetic food colour that has been linked to adverse reactions like asthma, rashes, itching/hives and headaches in a small number of people. […] The Southampton Six are six food colours that were linked to hyperactivity in children in a study funded by the UK Food Standards Agency in 2007. […] The study found that there was supporting evidence suggesting that certain mixtures of artificial food colours, together with the preservative sodium benzoate, are associated with an increase in hyperactivity in children from the general population.

• #50 Food colouring – what’s all the hype about? — Angela Berrill

  https://www.angelaberrill.com/blog/food-colouring

  However, in a precautionary approach, the EFSA does now require that all products containing any of the Southampton six colours, must clearly be labelled with the following statement: may have an adverse effect on activity and attention in children. […] In addition, the ADIs for three of the Southampton Six colours (E104, E124 and E110) have subsequently been lowered by EFSA. […] The FDA (2011) also reviewed the evidence and found that there was still no evidence to support a link between food colouring causing hyperactivity.

• #51 EFSA evaluates Southampton study on food additives and child behaviour | EFSA

  https://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/news/efsa-evaluates-southampton-study-food-additives-and-child-behaviour

  The Panel assisted by behavioural experts considered that the significance of the effects on the behaviour of the children was unclear since it was not known if the small changes in attention and activity observed would interfere with schoolwork or other intellectual functioning. […] The AFC Panel is currently re-evaluating the safety of all food colours authorised in the European Union on a case-by-case basis and the colours used in the McCann et al study are included in EFSAs review.

• #52 FDA panel finds no link between artificial food colorings and hyperactivity in most children – Harvard Health

  https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/fda-panel-finds-no-link-between-artificial-food-colorings-and-hyperactivity-in-most-children-201104012184

  FDA panel finds no link between artificial food colorings and hyperactivity in most children. […] However, the panel wrote that certain children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may be uniquely vulnerable, not just to food colorings, but to any number of food additives. […] The FDA committees vote today is in line with the consensus view among scientists, that diet alone is probably not the driving force behind ADHD symptoms such as inattention, hyperactivity, or impulsive behavior. […] At the same time, the FDAs ruling and several recent studies suggest that food additives could contribute to symptoms in some children. […] In 2007, for example, a well-designed study in Britain found that preschoolers and elementary school students became slightly more hyperactive when they consumed drinks containing artificial colors.

• #53 Gray Area — Jury’s Still Out on Link Between Artificial Colors and Hyperactivity

  https://www.todaysdietitian.com/newarchives/082510p8.shtml

  Almost two years after authorities in the United Kingdom initiated a ban on six artificial food colors in response to research linking the consumption of those additives and hyperactive behavior, the debate in the United States continues as to whether there is a link and, if so, whether it is significant enough to warrant action. […] The study demonstrated adverse effects of food additives in healthy, nonhyperactive children without a diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). […] For these reasons, the FDA maintains that the nine certified food color additives currently approved for use in the United States are safe for consumption and that the link between these ingredients and hyperactive behavior is inconsistent and weak at best. It does recognize, however, that for certain children diagnosed with ADHD and food sensitivities, there may be some improvement in behavior with the restriction or elimination of specific artificial colors.

• #54 Artificial Food Colors and ADHD

  https://nutritionfacts.org/video/artificial-food-colors-and-adhd/

  In response to definitive evidence showing artificial colors may increase inattentiveness, impulsivity, and hyperactivity among young children, a call has been made by consumer groups to ban food dyes. […] Years ago, I featured this landmark studya randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenge, published in perhaps the most prestigious medical journal in the world, showing artificial colors increased inattentiveness, impulsivity, and hyperactivity among young children. […] Well, the FDA put together a committee that looked at that same landmark study, and conceded that the food additives may have resulted in changes in behavior. But, the type of treatment effects reported in this study, even though the investigators referred to increases in levels of hyperactivity, were not the disruptive excessive hyperactivity behaviors of ADHD but more likely the type of overactivity exhibited occasionally by the general population of preschool and school age children. […] Anyway, the CSPI continues to call on the FDA to ban food dyes, and for food companies to voluntarily stop using them. Good luck with that.

• #55

  https://www.healthychildren.org/English/healthy-living/nutrition/Pages/Food-Additives.aspx

  Do artificial food colors cause childhood hyperactivity? […] More research is needed to better understand how artificial food colors (AFCs) may or may not impact a child’s behavior. This is because much of the original research on these additives were animal studies that did not include behavioral effects. For some children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and other problem behaviors, the AAP says that until we know more, it may be helpful to eliminate AFCs from their diet if they seem to worsen symptoms.

• #56 Food Coloring and Children with ADHD: Do Dyes Impact Behavior?FooterLogo

  https://www.additudemag.com/food-coloring-dyes-adhd-symptoms/?srsltid=AfmBOooxnURNcXPvF0ERbsgYRPUSDQE1D9AH02qxvYdkgtZQePvzvFtk

  Research suggests that synthetic food coloring affects ADHD symptoms in some children. […] Irritability. Extreme hyperactivity. Explosive anger. Anxiety, or even despondency. If you’ve noticed a spike in undesirable emotions and behaviors after your child eats a bowl of Fruit Loops or a handful of M&Ms — and suspected a link between their ADHD symptoms and diet — you are not alone. […] Joining the CSPI in its crusade is the American Academy of Pediatrics and ADHD experts like Joel Nigg, Ph.D., director of the ADHD Research Program at Oregon Health and Science University. Nigg and many of his colleagues in science are calling on the FDA to either ban food dyes completely or require a warning label about their effects on hyperactivity to increase awareness. […] Based on research, including Nigg’s own review of the literature in 2012, restricting the consumption of synthetic food dyes does benefit some children with ADHD.

• #57 Does Artificial Food Coloring Contribute to ADHD in Children? | Scientific American

  https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/does-artificial-food-coloring-contribute-to-adhd-in-children/

  Studies have also shown removing foods containing artificial dyes via restriction diets can successfully decrease hyperactivity but Nigg says this is likely because removing processed foods in general is healthier and results in better behavioral outcomes for children with ADHD. […] Weiss supports banning artificial colors until companies have evidence that they cause no harm. Like most other scientists in this field, he thinks more research, particularly investigating dyes’ effects on the developing brain, is imperative. […] Nigg says the FDA should require manufacturers to include a label saying artificial colors could affect hyperactivity in some children, like the E.U. does.

• #58 The Link Between Food Colors And Additives And Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): How to Test for Food Color and Additive Reactions

  https://www.rupahealth.com/post/the-link-between-food-colors-and-additives-and-attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder-adhd-how-to-test-for-food-color-and-additive-reactions

  Dietary implications for ADHD should be considered, as evidence suggests there may be a correlation. […] If you suspect your kid is reacting to dyes or additives in foods, working with a healthcare provider can help you get to the root cause of this issue. Finding answers and providing solutions can assist your child in their symptoms of ADHD and overall health.

• #59 Do Artificial Food Colors Cause ADHD Symptoms? – CHADD

  https://chadd.org/adhd-weekly/do-artificial-food-colors-cause-adhd-symptoms/

  Do Artificial Food Colors Cause ADHD Symptoms? […] The idea that artificial food colorings and preservatives are somehow related to ADHD has been floated around since the 1970s. […] Research, however, does not support the view that ADHD is caused by food additives or coloring. The research does show that these ingredients can make symptoms worse for some people affected by ADHD. […] If someone has ADHD and a sensitivity to these ingredients, it may be wise to choose foods that dont contain artificial colors and preservatives as part of an overall lifestyle management of ADHD. […] If your child’s behavior or inattention gets worse after eating foods with artificial food dyes, then consider avoiding them, former CHADD CEO Ruth Hughes, PhD, said to parents following the FDA review of the research. This will probably not make the symptoms of ADHD disappear, but it may reduce the severity.

• #60 Do Artificial Food Colors Cause ADHD Symptoms? – CHADD

  https://chadd.org/adhd-weekly/do-artificial-food-colors-cause-adhd-symptoms/

  Dr. Arnold and colleagues also reviewed multiple studies about artificial food colors and preservatives in Artificial Food Colors and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Symptoms: Conclusions to Dye for. He again urged additional research that was more targeted in figuring out if there is a role played by artificial colors in children’s behavior. […] Artificial food colors are not a main cause of ADHD, but they may contribute significantly to some cases, and in some cases may additively push a youngster over the diagnostic threshold. […] The harmful effect of artificial food colors does not appear to be confined to people diagnosed with ADHD. […] Until safety can be better determined, Dr. Arnold and colleagues suggest minimizing children’s exposure to artificial food colors. […] If you are concerned your daughter may have a sensitivity to artificial food colors or preservatives, discuss it with her doctor. […] Focusing meals and snacks on whole and minimally processed foods is beneficial for all your family members; it is also a good way to avoid some of those ingredients that may aggravate your daughter’s ADHD symptoms.

• #61 Food Dyes and ADHD | Psychology Today

  https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/helping-kids-through-adhd/202002/food-dyes-and-adhd

  My own view is that food dyes are not proven safe for children, and certainly may increase symptoms of inattention or hyperactivity. For some children, this may be one too many challenges to their nervous system and contribute to ADHD symptoms. […] Thus, given they have little value, I recommend parents avoid these food dyes if they can.

• #62 FDA panel finds no link between artificial food colorings and hyperactivity in most children – Harvard Health

  https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/fda-panel-finds-no-link-between-artificial-food-colorings-and-hyperactivity-in-most-children-201104012184

  This was similar to the effect size reported in an earlier review by researchers at Columbia University and Harvard University, who estimated that removing artificial food colorings from the diets of children with ADHD would be about one-third to one-half as effective as treatment with methylphenidate (Ritalin). […] For most children with ADHD, there is no evidence that radical diets that eliminate nearly all processed foods and many fruits and vegetables such as the Feingold diet do any good. […] If you are concerned about behavior changes in your child, or yourself, experiment a bit. Try removing the major dietary sources of artificial colors and additives and see if symptoms improve. […] The best advice for anyone with ADHD is to follow a sensible diet. Emphasize fruits and vegetables, whole grains, healthful unsaturated fats, and good proteins. […] Minimizing candy and sugared drinks, eating a truly balanced diet, adding physical activity to the menu these habits will have any number of health benefits (both for the body and the brain).

• #63 FDA panel finds no link between artificial food colorings and hyperactivity in most children – Harvard Health

  https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/fda-panel-finds-no-link-between-artificial-food-colorings-and-hyperactivity-in-most-children-201104012184

  This was similar to the effect size reported in an earlier review by researchers at Columbia University and Harvard University, who estimated that removing artificial food colorings from the diets of children with ADHD would be about one-third to one-half as effective as treatment with methylphenidate (Ritalin). […] For most children with ADHD, there is no evidence that radical diets that eliminate nearly all processed foods and many fruits and vegetables such as the Feingold diet do any good. […] If you are concerned about behavior changes in your child, or yourself, experiment a bit. Try removing the major dietary sources of artificial colors and additives and see if symptoms improve. […] The best advice for anyone with ADHD is to follow a sensible diet. Emphasize fruits and vegetables, whole grains, healthful unsaturated fats, and good proteins. […] Minimizing candy and sugared drinks, eating a truly balanced diet, adding physical activity to the menu these habits will have any number of health benefits (both for the body and the brain).

• #64 Food colours and hyperactivity | Health Information from Mediclinic Pharmacy

  https://mediclinicpharmacy.com/nhs_conditions_food-colours-and-hyperactivity

  Research has found a possible link between certain artificial colours used in food and problems with hyperactivity in children. […] If your child is hyperactive, or has attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), there’s some evidence to suggest that avoiding these 6 food colours may help. […] hyperactivity can have many different causes, including genetics, and food colours are probably only a small part of the problem. […] removing food colours from your child’s diet will not necessarily lead to an improvement in their behaviour. […] the link between food colours and hyperactivity is not completely certain; more research is needed to confirm it. […] If you think your child’s diet may be affecting their behaviour, it might help to keep a diary of what they eat and how their behaviour changes, so you can see any patterns. […] If you notice a possible link between food colours and their behaviour, you may want to see if avoiding these colours helps. But do not make changes to your child’s diet without getting advice from their GP first.

• #65 Red dye 40 and ADHD: List of foods, symptoms, and more

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/red-dye-40-adhd

  Although there is a need for more studies to determine the effects of sugar on ADHD symptoms, most research suggests that there is a link between food dyes and hyperactivity. This is especially true of the widely studied food dyes, including red no. 3, red dye 40, and yellow no. 5. […] Red dye 40 is a synthetic food dye made from petroleum. Research has shown that it is linked to certain ADHD symptoms, such as hyperactivity, and may also cause other neurobehavioral effects in children.

• #66 Do Food Dyes Affect Behavior? | Wellness Mama

  https://wellnessmama.com/health/do-food-dyes-affect-behavior/

  Artificial food dyes have been linked to behavioral problems, various types of cancers and other problems. […] In the EU, foods containing artificial food dyes are required to carry a warning that: Consumption may have an adverse effect on activity and attention in children. […] The FDA currently holds the position that they have not found any conclusive evidence that food dyes cause behavior problems in children but that some children who are susceptible will notice increased symptoms of ADHD from consumption of food dyes. […] The Center for Science in the Public Interest (CSPI) released a 68-page report detailing the potential of artificial food dyes to contribute to hyperactivity in children, increase cancer risk and lead to other health problems. […] Research suggests that some children may be susceptible to even tiny amounts of artificial dyes but that a significant number of children were affected by amounts over 35 mg per day.

• #67 How Harmful Are Artificial Food Colours For Children | OnlyMyHealth

  https://www.onlymyhealth.com/how-harmful-are-artificial-food-colours-for-children-12977818919

  While the short-term effects of food dyes on children’s health are relatively minor, their long-term impact remains a subject of ongoing research. Some studies have suggested potential links between certain food dyes and allergic reactions, asthma, and behavioural issues. […] A previous study (2012) published in the journal Neurotherapeutics suggested that while artificial food colours may not be a primary cause of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), which is a mental health condition that affects a person’s ability to focus, control their impulses, and sit still, they can contribute to behavioural problems in children, both with and without the disorder. […] Hence, it is generally recommended to limit your child’s intake of processed foods containing artificial dyes and to opt for healthier, whole food options. […] In children, these artificial food colours have been linked to behavioural issues, and therefore, experts recommend switching to natural and healthy alternatives.

• #68 FAB: Arnold et al 2012 – Artificial food colors and attention-deficit/hyperactivity symptoms: conclusions to dye for

  https://library.fabresearch.org/viewItem.php?id=9653

  The effect of artificial food colors (AFCs) on child behavior has been studied for more than 35 years, with accumulating evidence from imperfect studies. […] Recent data suggest a small but significant deleterious effect of AFCs on children’s behavior that is not confined to those with diagnosable ADHD. AFCs appear to be more of a public health problem than an ADHD problem. AFCs are not a major cause of ADHD per se, but seem to affect children regardless of whether or not they have ADHD, and they may have an aggregated effect on classroom climate if most children in the class suffer a small behavioral decrement with additive or synergistic effects. […] Professor Arnold provides an expert summary of: the now substantial and compelling evidence that artificial food colourings (AFC) have negative effects on the health and behaviour of children with or without a diagnosis of ADHD. This includes: Meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials in children with ADHD-type behaviour problems, showing that removal of AFC from the diet reduces behavioural problems.

• #69 How food dye can affect children | Ohio State Health & Discovery

  https://health.osu.edu/health/mental-health/food-dye

  You might have wondered why your son or daughter became hyper and irritable after having a blue sports drink or eating a colorfully iced cookie or piece of cake. […] Food dyes can make some children and teens hyperactive and moody or irritable, according to available research. […] Though food dyes dont cause disorders such as anxiety or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), they could make those conditions worse. […] Even children and young adults without a mental health condition could become agitated after having food dye. […] Food dyes can make ADHD symptoms worse. […] Children who have a pattern of being angry, irritable and defying parents and other people in authority can experience more of those behaviors after having food or drinks with artificial dyes. […] Food dyes could affect how bacteria in the gut function, making anxiety worse. […] Its best to avoid all artificial food dyes. […] Adequate sleep, exercise and a healthy diet thats free of artificial food dyes can take the edge off ADHD and mood symptoms and possibly enable you or your child to need less medication.

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