Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Artificial Food Colors and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Symptoms: Conclusions to Dye for

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3441937/

  The effect of artificial food colors (AFCs) on child behavior has been studied for more than 35 years, with accumulating evidence from imperfect studies. […] Recent data suggest a small but significant deleterious effect of AFCs on children’s behavior that is not confined to those with diagnosable ADHD. […] AFCs appear to be more of a public health problem than an ADHD problem. […] AFCs are not a major cause of ADHD per se, but seem to affect children regardless of whether or not they have ADHD, and they may have an aggregated effect on classroom climate if most children in the class suffer a small behavioral decrement with additive or synergistic effects. […] The results of these studies led to some significant changes in the field of public health, with the United Kingdom government requesting that food manufacturers avoid these additives in favor of natural food colors and flavors, and the EU asking manufacturers to voluntarily remove several AFCs from foods and beverages or list the following warning on the label: [this AFC] may have an adverse effect on activity and attention in children. […] The current status of evidence is inconclusive but too substantial to dismiss. […] Until safety can be better determined, we suggest minimizing children’s exposure to AFCs.

• #2 5 Foods to Avoid if Your Child Has ADHD

  https://www.everydayhealth.com/adhd-pictures/how-food-can-affect-your-childs-adhd-symptoms.aspx

  Many parents wonder if artificial food additives and colorings contribute to ADHD. Though the causes of ADHD are still unknown, you can try removing the sources of artificial colorings and food additives, including sugar-sweetened drinks, candy, and colorful cereals, and determine if your child’s behavior improves. […] Some frozen brands contain artificial colors, so check all labels carefully. Barnhill says some frozen foods can exacerbate ADHD symptoms for another reason: Foods treated with organophosphates for insect control have been shown to cause neurologic-based behavioral problems that mimic ADHD and many other behavior problems. […] Energy drinks are high on the list of things that cause teens to display behaviors mimicking ADHD, says Barnhill. They have no place in a healthy ADHD diet.

• #3

  https://journals.lww.com/jrnldbp/Fulltext/2004/12000/Do_Artificial_Food_Colors_Promote_Hyperactivity_in.7.aspx?generateEpub=Article%7Cjrnldbp:2004:12000:00007%7C%7C

  Burgeoning estimates of the prevalence of childhood attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) raise the possibility of a widespread risk factor. We seek to assess whether artificial food colorings (AFCs) contribute to the behavioral symptomatology of hyperactive syndromes. […] Meta-analytic modeling determined the overall effect size of AFCs on hyperactivity to be 0.283 (95% CI, 0.079 to 0.488), falling to 0.210 (95% CI, 0.007 to 0.414) when the smallest and lowest quality trials were excluded. Trials screening for responsiveness before enrollment demonstrated the greatest effects. Despite indications of publication bias and other limitations, this study is consistent with accumulating evidence that neurobehavioral toxicity may characterize a variety of widely distributed chemicals. Improvement in the identification of responders is required before strong clinical recommendations can be made.

• #4 Do artificial food colors promote hyperactivity in children with

  https://cdn.greenmedinfo.com/article/artificial-food-colouring-associated-neurobehavioral-toxicity-children-hyperac

  Artificial food colouring is associated with neurobehavioral toxicity in children with hyperactive syndromes. […] We seek to assess whether artificial food colorings (AFCs) contribute to the behavioral symptomatology of hyperactive syndromes. […] Meta-analytic modeling determined the overall effect size of AFCs on hyperactivity to be 0.283 (95% CI, 0.079 to 0.488), falling to 0.210 (95% CI, 0.007 to 0.414) when the smallest and lowest quality trials were excluded. […] Despite indications of publication bias and other limitations, this study is consistent with accumulating evidence that neurobehavioral toxicity may characterize a variety of widely distributed chemicals. Improvement in the identification of responders is required before strong clinical recommendations can be made.

• #5

  https://www.southampton.ac.uk/news/2007/09/hyperactivity-in-children-and-food-additives.page

  A study by researchers at the University of Southampton has shown evidence of increased levels of hyperactivity in young children consuming mixtures of some artificial food colours and the preservative sodium benzoate. […] The results of the Southampton study show that when the children were given the drinks containing the test mixtures, in some cases their behaviour was significantly more hyperactive. […] Professor of Psychology, Jim Stevenson, who led the research, comments: „We now have clear evidence that mixtures of certain food colours and benzoate preservative can adversely influence the behaviour of children. […] We have now shown that for a large group of children in the general population, consumption of certain mixtures of artificial food colours and benzoate preservative can influence their hyperactive behaviour. […] However parents should not think that simply taking these additives out of food will prevent all hyperactive disorders.

• #6 Food Dye and ADHD: Food Coloring, Sugar, and Diet

  https://www.webmd.com/add-adhd/childhood-adhd/food-dye-adhd

  A study of nearly 300 children by the United Kingdoms Food Standards Agency in 2007 showed that the consumption of foods containing dyes could increase hyperactive behavior in children. […] The researchers found that hyperactive behavior by the 8- and 9-year-olds increased with both the mixtures containing artificial coloring additives. The hyperactive behavior of 3-year-olds increased with the first beverage but not necessarily with the second. They concluded that the results show an adverse effect on behavior after consumption of the food dyes.

• #7 Are Food Dyes Bad For Your Health? | MedPage Today

  https://www.medpagetoday.com/special-reports/exclusives/112745

  In September, California became the first state in the nation to ban six artificial food dyes from meals served in public schools. […] The move followed a 2021 report from the state’s Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA) that concluded the body of evidence supported a relationship between food dye exposure and adverse behavioral outcomes in some kids. […] „It is primarily based on that human evidence that we have reached this conclusion that food dyes cause behavioral problems in some kids, and that is backed up by the animal evidence and the mechanistic evidence,” Galligan said. […] „I don’t think we need more research. I think the evidence is crystal clear that food dyes are causing behavioral problems in some kids.” […] „What happens with pharmacokinetics? How much is absorbed? How is it metabolized? In children, and I think also examining some of these issues in adults will be beneficial.”

• #7 Are Food Dyes Bad For Your Health? | MedPage Today

  https://www.medpagetoday.com/special-reports/exclusives/112745

  „We decided to do this study because nobody had really looked at young adults,” Holton said. […] „It might be that cognitive behavioral effects are kind of the tip of the iceberg. There may be other things going on underneath that are deleterious to health” — including potential carcinogenicity. […] „I would urge pediatricians, and other healthcare providers, particularly those interacting with children and their families, to really be mindful of the potential impacts that dyes are having.” […] For individuals who are concerned, Holton recommends avoiding foods that contain artificial dyes, which are easy to identify on food labels with a color and number indicating the dye clearly stated, she said. They can then see for themselves if they notice any behavior changes.

• #8 California agency acknowledges synthetic food dyes’ link to hyperactivity and behavioral problems in kids | Environmental Working Group

  https://www.ewg.org/news-insights/news/2021/04/california-agency-acknowledges-synthetic-food-dyes-link-hyperactivity

  Foods containing synthetic food dyes make children vulnerable to hyperactivity and other behavioral problems, according to a new report by California state scientists. […] OEHHAs report concluded that human studies show that dyes are associated with inattentiveness, hyperactivity and restlessness in sensitive children. […] OEHHAs findings concluded that currently allowed levels are not protective of childrens health and need to be much lower. […] The FDA and state health agencies need to act so another generation of children is not at risk of developing serious behavioral problems that will affect them throughout their lives. […] EWG recommends caregivers limit childrens consumption of food dyes and other harmful food additives by: Avoiding food products with these ingredients. Choose fresh, whole foods when possible, and limit packaged foods, especially those that are artificially colored and marketed to kids. Choosing organic foods. The Department of Agriculture does not permit the use of artificial colors in foods it certifies as USDA organic. Reading labels carefully. Food dyes may be in more foods than you think and even in seemingly healthy foods, such as dried food snacks. Avoid products that list FDC dyes or the words artificial color on the label. Let EWGs Food Scores help you find better choices. Speaking up. Join parents and consumer advocacy groups in petitioning for warning labels. Contact food manufacturers to ask them to remove artificial colors from foods marketed directly to children.

• #9 The Link Between Food Colors And Additives And Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): How to Test for Food Color and Additive Reactions

  https://www.rupahealth.com/post/the-link-between-food-colors-and-additives-and-attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder-adhd-how-to-test-for-food-color-and-additive-reactions

  The Food and Drug Administration has over 3000 ingredients listed on its database of additives that are permitted in US food items. Out of this number, nine of them are approved synthetic food coloring. Food colors and additives have been a topic of increasing concern, especially with the rise of neurocognitive conditions among our young. […] A great example was seen in a 6-week trial of 200 kids who went on a synthetic color-free diet. During the study, 150 of the children showed improvements in behavior while on the diet. […] Taking a deeper look into the food coloring and additives that children are exposed to can shed light on areas of nutritional implications and ADHD. […] Pertaining to ADHD, colorants and chemical additives have become a mainstream medical topic for their potential implication on neurocognitive function. When it comes to food coloring, FDC Red 40 is the most scrutinized dye. A 2020 report from the California Environmental Protection Agency expressed that intake of synthetic dyes in some children may be associated with behavioral signs, including inattentiveness, hyperactivity, and restlessness. […] Multiple studies have been geared towards the combo effect of food coloring with the additive Sodium Benzoate. […] Another interesting elimination diet investigation took 26 children who met the diagnosis of ADHD and eliminated multiple food preservatives and food colorings. […] On the placebo days, there was a significant improvement in their symptoms compared to food additive days.

• #9 The Link Between Food Colors And Additives And Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): How to Test for Food Color and Additive Reactions

  https://www.rupahealth.com/post/the-link-between-food-colors-and-additives-and-attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder-adhd-how-to-test-for-food-color-and-additive-reactions

  Many of the other food additives may impact gut health and a child’s microbiome, which can have an effect on brain health. […] Potential impacts on the microbiota have been assessed when it comes to the mentioned categories of food additives. […] Gut-brain connection has a contributory effect on ADHD, as many of our neurotransmitters are made in the gut. […] Dietary implications for ADHD should be considered, as evidence suggests there may be a correlation. […] If you suspect your kid is reacting to dyes or additives in foods, working with a healthcare provider can help you get to the root cause of this issue. Finding answers and providing solutions can assist your child in their symptoms of ADHD and overall health.

• #10 Red Dye 40, Food Additives and ADHD: Feed Your Child’s FocusFooterLogo

  https://www.additudemag.com/feed-your-childs-focus-adhd-food-nutrition/?srsltid=AfmBOoqTCknxn-wNLOPJkg-KHLX_fhDf-TjxZppsLPDyOxKV9TTZpxRE

  Research suggests that artificial food dyes, sugar, and sensitivities may exacerbate symptoms of ADHD in some children. […] Studies published in The Lancet, Pediatrics, and Journal of Pediatrics suggest that food additives adversely affect a population of children with ADHD. […] Some even indicate that artificial coloring and flavors, as well as the preservative sodium benzoate, can make even some kids without ADHD hyperactive. […] Starting in 2010, the European Union required the following warning label for all food that contains artificial dye: “May have adverse effect on activity and attention in children.” […] The Center for Science and the Public Interest petitioned the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to hold a hearing on whether the U.S. should require a similar warning label — or ban artificial colors altogether.

• #10 Red Dye 40, Food Additives and ADHD: Feed Your Child’s FocusFooterLogo

  https://www.additudemag.com/feed-your-childs-focus-adhd-food-nutrition/?srsltid=AfmBOoqTCknxn-wNLOPJkg-KHLX_fhDf-TjxZppsLPDyOxKV9TTZpxRE

  However, the FDA did admit that a population of children does react adversely to these dyes. […] If you consume orange soda in the U.S., you’re consuming red #40 and yellow #5. […] How do you know if food additives are compromising your child’s focus? Conduct a quick test at home. […] When the British researchers tested food dyes and preservatives, 79 percent of the children tested had a reaction to the food dyes. […] When placed on a special elimination diet excluding foods that trigger unwanted behavior, as many as 30 percent of toddlers and preschoolers benefit. […] The benefits for adults with ADHD are less clear. […] Studies failed to uphold Feingold’s claims when he first made them, and most ADHD experts still dismiss the Feingold diet as ineffective. […] Yet some recent research suggests that the Feingold diet may, indeed, benefit the small percent of children with ADHD who seem sensitive to chemicals in food.

• #10 Red Dye 40, Food Additives and ADHD: Feed Your Child’s FocusFooterLogo

  https://www.additudemag.com/feed-your-childs-focus-adhd-food-nutrition/?srsltid=AfmBOoqTCknxn-wNLOPJkg-KHLX_fhDf-TjxZppsLPDyOxKV9TTZpxRE

  The conclusion? Artificial colors do react adversely with ADHD symptoms in some children. […] However, all studies on the effect of elimination diets on ADHD symptoms found statistically significant ADHD symptom reduction when children were given a narrow diet of foods unlikely to cause reactions. […] Avoiding foods with artificial colors and preservatives has another big benefit: It will raise the nutritional value of your family’s diet, since the “junkiest” foods on supermarket shelves tend to be — you guessed it — the most heavily colored and flavored.

• #11 Food Dyes and ADHD | Psychology Today

  https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/helping-kids-through-adhd/202002/food-dyes-and-adhd

  An enduring controversy in the ADHD world is the role of diet and, in particular, synthetic food dyes. […] In contrast, beginning in 2010, European Union countries have added a warning label to foods containing synthetic dyes indicating they may increase inattention or hyperactivity. […] Overall, we confirmed that food dyes increase ADHD symptoms somewhat. […] This suggests that to the extent that food dyes affect ADHD symptoms, this is a public health concern that is not ADHD-specific. […] My own view is that food dyes are not proven safe for children, and certainly may increase symptoms of inattention or hyperactivity. For some children, this may be one too many challenges to their nervous system and contribute to ADHD symptoms. […] Thus, given they have little value, I recommend parents avoid these food dyes if they can.

• #12

  https://www.healthychildren.org/English/news/Pages/AAP-Says-Some-Common-Food-Additives-May-Pose-Health-Risks-to-Children.aspx

  According to the statement in the August 2018 Pediatrics, „Food Additives and Child Health”, some currently allowed chemicals may best be avoided–especially for children. […] Artificial food colors, common in children’s food products, may be associated with worsened attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms. Studies cited in the report found a significant number of children who cut synthetic food colorings from their diets showed decreased ADHD symptoms. […] Potentially harmful effects of food additives are of special concern for children, according to the AAP. Children are more sensitive to chemical exposures because they eat and drink more, relative to body weight, than adults do, and are still growing and developing. […] „Chemicals that affect the endocrine system, for example, can have lasting effects on a child since hormones coordinate complex functions throughout the body,” Dr. Trasande said. „Even small disruptions at key moments during development can have lifelong consequences,” he said.

• #13 Food Coloring and Children with ADHD: Do Dyes Impact Behavior?FooterLogo

  https://www.additudemag.com/food-coloring-dyes-adhd-symptoms/?srsltid=AfmBOorQKxG4kG38G7RzM-9isRpYstjRLwAOHtAqRfUUIaeXM4pTlmIN

  Research suggests that synthetic food coloring affects ADHD symptoms in some children. […] Irritability. Extreme hyperactivity. Explosive anger. Anxiety, or even despondency. If you’ve noticed a spike in undesirable emotions and behaviors after your child eats a bowl of Fruit Loops or a handful of M&Ms — and suspected a link between their ADHD symptoms and diet — you are not alone. […] With growing frequency, parents are noting a connection between their children’s behavior and their consumption of food containing synthetic dyes — namely, red #3, red #40, and yellow #5. […] Based on research, including Nigg’s own review of the literature in 2012, restricting the consumption of synthetic food dyes does benefit some children with ADHD. […] Nigg and the others are now encouraging similar action from the FDA, which has reviewed the research several times since 2011 and decided to take limited action on food dyes.

• #13 Food Coloring and Children with ADHD: Do Dyes Impact Behavior?FooterLogo

  https://www.additudemag.com/food-coloring-dyes-adhd-symptoms/?srsltid=AfmBOorQKxG4kG38G7RzM-9isRpYstjRLwAOHtAqRfUUIaeXM4pTlmIN

  Dr. Nigg: In my opinion, there is enough evidence that food dyes affect behavior in some sensitive children with ADHD (and other children without the condition) to justify warning labels on foods containing synthetic dyes. […] Food dyes have not been proven safe for children, and they may increase symptoms of inattention or hyperactivity. […] Parents are well-advised to remove food dyes from their child’s diet if they can. […] Some children may experience more aggression and hyperactivity, and reduced attention and focus. […] Although many children who are sensitive to food dyes are also sensitive to other elements in food, food dyes are a straightforward target. […] Should parents avoid food dyes? If possible, you can remove one of the many potential negative factors. […] If you feel you want to try to avoid synthetic food dyes, steer clear of most processed and packaged foods. […] Families should also be cautious when buying seemingly “healthy” foods, some of which contain synthetic dyes.

• #14 Red Dye 40 and ADHD: Health Risks and Foods to Avoid

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/red-dye-40-adhd-5220957

  Some studies suggest a link between red dye 40 and ADHD behavior; the dye might trigger or exacerbate behavioral changes in sensitive children. […] The dye’s effects vary by individual, but it has been linked to hyperactivity, irritability, and trouble focusing. […] To avoid potential issues, children with ADHD should steer clear of products with red dye 40, including certain candies, soft drinks, and cough medicines. […] Research also shows that eliminating foods with artificial colors may significantly improve behavioral symptoms in children with ADHD and other mental health or behavioral disorders. […] Regular exposure to food dyes may exacerbate symptoms or contribute to the development of ADHD in children who have a predisposition to the disorder. […] In children with ADHD, red dye 40 may exacerbate symptoms of hyperactivity and irritability.

• #15 Reddit – The heart of the internet

  https://www.reddit.com/r/adhdwomen/comments/137ryb2/thoughts_on_food_dyes/

  I recently watched a TED talk given by a woman who noticed her son’s behavior change drastically based on whether or not he had consumed any food containing food dyes, the most prevalent being Red 40 Yellow 5 or Allura Red in Canada, Tartrazine in Canada. He became hyperactive and irritable and she recorded how long each symptom would last. […] I don’t really think food dye can CAUSE ADHD, but I do think it can exasperate the symptoms. […] I personally feel like it heightens my symptoms.

• #16 Banning Artificial Food Dyes: Health Risk or Overreaction? – Sarah Hormachea

  https://www.sarahhormachea.com/2024/12/17/banning-artificial-food-dyes-health-risk-or-overreaction/

  Some studies suggest a link between artificial food dyes and hyperactivity, especially in children with ADHD. A 2021 report from the California Environmental Protection Agency’s Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment found evidence that synthetic food dyes are associated with adverse neurobehavioral outcomes in some children. […] Certain dyes, like Red 40 and Yellow 5, have been linked to exacerbating symptoms of hyperactivity. A 2022 systematic review highlighted the need to re-evaluate exposure to these dyes in children and called for additional research to create a more comprehensive database for establishing acceptable daily intakes.

• #17

  https://www.prevention.com/health/a45509044/what-is-red-dye-no-3-cancer-risk/

  Red dye No. 3 has been linked to hyperactivity in kids and cancer. […] Red dye No. 3 has been connected to hyperactivity and behavioral issues in children, too. A 2021 report from the California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment found that kids who have food dyes, including red dye No. 3, can become more hyper than usual and have difficulty focusing. […] The potential issue with food additives like red dye No. 3 is their association with health concerns, including potential links to hyperactivity in children, says Daniel Ganjian, M.D., a pediatrician at Providence Saint Johns Health Center in Santa Monica, Calif. If children ingest this dye, adverse effects may include hyperactivity, allergic reactions, and behavioral issues. Ganjian says hes personally witnessed children act out after having the food dye.

• #18 Artificial Food Dyes and ADD/ADHD – Functional Medicine Denver – Integrated Health Systems

  https://integratedbraincenters.com/artificial-food-addadhd/

  ADD and ADHD are among the most commonly diagnosed psychiatric disorders among children and adolescents in the US. […] Many studies have linked food-coloring agents to hyperactivity in ADD/ADHD children, as well as increases in hyperactive and disruptive behavior in children not diagnosed ADD/ADHD. […] Numerous studies have linked artificial food dyes to increased hyperactivity, nervous/restless behavior, anxiety, irritability and poor sleep. […] Eliminating food colorings from the diet appears to be an effective and simple measure both for prevention and treatment of ADHD behavior.

• #19 Do Artificial Food Colors Cause ADHD Symptoms? – CHADD

  https://chadd.org/adhd-weekly/do-artificial-food-colors-cause-adhd-symptoms/

  Do Artificial Food Colors Cause ADHD Symptoms? […] The idea that artificial food colorings and preservatives are somehow related to ADHD has been floated around since the 1970s. […] Research, however, does not support the view that ADHD is caused by food additives or coloring. The research does show that these ingredients can make symptoms worse for some people affected by ADHD. […] If someone has ADHD and a sensitivity to these ingredients, it may be wise to choose foods that dont contain artificial colors and preservatives as part of an overall lifestyle management of ADHD. […] If your childs behavior or inattention gets worse after eating foods with artificial food dyes, then consider avoiding them, former CHADD CEO Ruth Hughes, PhD, said to parents following the FDA review of the research. This will probably not make the symptoms of ADHD disappear, but it may reduce the severity.

• #19 Do Artificial Food Colors Cause ADHD Symptoms? – CHADD

  https://chadd.org/adhd-weekly/do-artificial-food-colors-cause-adhd-symptoms/

  Dr. Arnold and colleagues also reviewed multiple studies about artificial food colors and preservatives in Artificial Food Colors and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Symptoms: Conclusions to Dye for. He again urged additional research that was more targeted in figuring out if there is a role played by artificial colors in childrens behavior. […] Artificial food colors are not a main cause of ADHD, but they may contribute significantly to some cases, and in some cases may additively push a youngster over the diagnostic threshold. […] The current status of evidence is inconclusive but too substantial to dismiss. Until safety can be better determined, Dr. Arnold and colleagues suggest minimizing childrens exposure to artificial food colors. […] If you are concerned your daughter may have a sensitivity to artificial food colors or preservatives, discuss it with her doctor. […] Focusing meals and snacks on whole and minimally processed foods is beneficial for all your family members; it is also a good way to avoid some of those ingredients that may aggravate your daughters ADHD symptoms.

• #20 FDA panel finds no link between artificial food colorings and hyperactivity in most children – Harvard Health

  https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/fda-panel-finds-no-link-between-artificial-food-colorings-and-hyperactivity-in-most-children-201104012184

  In 2007, for example, a well-designed study in Britain found that preschoolers and elementary school students became slightly more hyperactive when they consumed drinks containing artificial colors. […] This was similar to the effect size reported in an earlier review by researchers at Columbia University and Harvard University, who estimated that removing artificial food colorings from the diets of children with ADHD would be about one-third to one-half as effective as treatment with methylphenidate (Ritalin). […] For most children with ADHD, there is no evidence that radical diets that eliminate nearly all processed foods and many fruits and vegetablessuch as the Feingold dietdo any good. […] If you are concerned about behavior changes in your child, or yourself, experiment a bit. Try removing the major dietary sources of artificial colors and additives and see if symptoms improve.

• #20 FDA panel finds no link between artificial food colorings and hyperactivity in most children – Harvard Health

  https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/fda-panel-finds-no-link-between-artificial-food-colorings-and-hyperactivity-in-most-children-201104012184

  The best advice for anyone with ADHD is to follow a sensible diet. Emphasize fruits and vegetables, whole grains, healthful unsaturated fats, and good proteins. […] Minimizing candy and sugared drinks, eating a truly balanced diet, adding physical activity to the menuthese habits will have any number of health benefits (both for the body and the brain).

• #21 FAB: Arnold et al 2012 – Artificial food colors and attention-deficit/hyperactivity symptoms: conclusions to dye for

  https://library.fabresearch.org/viewItem.php?id=9653

  The effect of artificial food colors (AFCs) on child behavior has been studied for more than 35 years, with accumulating evidence from imperfect studies. […] Recent data suggest a small but significant deleterious effect of AFCs on children’s behavior that is not confined to those with diagnosable ADHD. AFCs appear to be more of a public health problem than an ADHD problem. AFCs are not a major cause of ADHD per se, but seem to affect children regardless of whether or not they have ADHD, and they may have an aggregated effect on classroom climate if most children in the class suffer a small behavioral decrement with additive or synergistic effects. […] the now substantial and compelling evidence that artificial food colourings (AFC) have negative effects on the health and behaviour of children with or without a diagnosis of ADHD. This includes: Meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials in children with ADHD-type behaviour problems, showing that removal of AFC from the diet reduces behavioural problems.

• #22 5 Food Items to Avoid with ADHD

  https://www.healthline.com/health/adhd/foods-to-avoid

  Like salicylates, allergens can be found in healthy foods. But they might affect brain functions and trigger hyperactivity or inattentiveness if your body is sensitive to them. […] The sooner you control your symptoms, the better your quality of life. So work with your doctor and behavioral health professional, and consider cutting chemicals, curbing your sweet tooth, and taking special precautions with food allergies.

• #22 5 Food Items to Avoid with ADHD

  https://www.healthline.com/health/adhd/foods-to-avoid

  Some researchers have found that there may be a link between synthetic food dyes and hyperactivity. […] When an influential study combined synthetic food dyes with the preservative sodium benzoate, it found increased hyperactivity in 3-year-old children. […] Although some evidence suggests that artificial food dyes may negatively impact those with ADHD, recent reviews of research have concluded that the effects of artificial food elimination diets on people with ADHD remain unclear. […] A recent review of 14 studies found that diets high in refined sugar may increase the risk of ADHD in children. […] Dr. Benjamin Feingold eliminated artificial dyes and flavors and salicylates from the diets of his hyperactive patients in the 1970s. He claimed 30 to 50 percent of them improved. […] However, there is a lack of research on the effects of salicylate elimination on ADHD symptoms and it is not currently recommended as a treatment method for ADHD.

• #23 Red Dye 40 Side Effects and Food List

  https://health.clevelandclinic.org/red-dye-40

  The color additive found in many pre-packaged foods may affect those with ADHD or allergies. […] But some studies have linked artificial food dyes like red dye 40 to hyperactivity, including ADHD. […] Some studies show a link between dyes and increased ADHD or hyperactivity in children. And other studies show an improvement in behavior and attention once the dyes were eliminated. […] Potential side effects may include: Hyperactivity, including ADHD. […] I recommend minimizing food dyes in your kids diets, reiterates Zumpano. And if there is a cancer risk in your family, I would encourage you to be even more vigilant in avoiding artificial dyes. […] It’s important to note that child medications (think liquid cough syrups or chewable tablets) can also contain food dyes, so look for dye-free versions.

• #24 Food Dyes: Harmless or Harmful?

  https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/food-dyes

  Food dyes may cause hyperactivity in sensitive children. […] Studies suggest there is a small but significant association between artificial food dyes and hyperactivity in children. Some children seem to be more sensitive to dyes than others. […] If your child has hyperactive or aggressive behavior, it may be beneficial to remove artificial food dyes from their diet.

• #25 How food dye can affect children | Ohio State Health & Discovery

  https://health.osu.edu/health/mental-health/food-dye

  You might have wondered why your son or daughter became hyper and irritable after having a blue sports drink or eating a colorfully iced cookie or piece of cake. […] Food dyes can make some children and teens hyperactive and moody or irritable, according to available research. […] Though food dyes dont cause disorders such as anxiety or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), they could make those conditions worse. […] Food dyes and some other additives are a public health concern. Even children and young adults without a mental health condition could become agitated after having food dye. […] Its best to avoid all artificial food dyes. They offer no nutrition. Food dyes dont preserve food or prevent it from spoiling. They also dont make it more nutritious. Bright colors in foods only make the foods most often desserts or junk food more attractive.

• #26 Red dye 40 and ADHD: List of foods, symptoms, and more

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/red-dye-40-adhd

  Red 40 and other dyes may worsen the symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in some, but more research is needed. […] Research in both animals and humans has shown synthetic color additives such as red dye 40 to have links to ADHD symptoms and other neurobehavioral conditions. […] According to a 2021 report from the state of California, research does indicate that children who consume synthetic food dyes, including red dye 40, can experience hyperactivity and other neurobehavioral issues. […] Many studies on synthetic color additives look at red dye 40. Although the data vary, the majority of studies report at least some connection between color additives and ADHD symptoms. […] Research indicates that hyperactivity in some children may increase due to exposure to synthetic food dyes, including red dye 40.

• #27 How food dye can affect children | Ohio State Health & Discovery

  https://health.osu.edu/health/mental-health/food-dye

  Younger children seem to be more susceptible than adults. The children and teens most likely to react to food dyes include those with the following diagnoses: […] Food dyes can make ADHD symptoms worse. […] Children who have a pattern of being angry, irritable and defying parents and other people in authority can experience more of those behaviors after having food or drinks with artificial dyes. […] Bacteria in your gut can affect your mood and anxiety, and food dyes could affect how bacteria in the gut function, making anxiety worse. […] Adequate sleep, exercise and a healthy diet thats free of artificial food dyes can take the edge off ADHD and mood symptoms and possibly enable you or your child to need less medication.

• #28 Artificial food dyes and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21729092/

  Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common behavioral disorders in children. Symptoms of ADHD include hyperactivity, low frustration tolerance, impulsivity, and inattention. […] In the early 1970s, research conducted by Dr. Benjamin Feingold found that when hyperactive children were given a diet free of artificial food additives and dyes, symptoms of hyperactivity were reduced. […] In response to more recent research and public petitions, in December 2009 the British government requested that food manufacturers remove most artificial food dyes from their products. While these strictures could have positive effects on behavior, the removal of food dyes is not a panacea for ADHD, which is a multifaceted disorder with both biological and environmental underpinnings.

• #29 Food Coloring and Mental Health: Is There A Link?

  https://www.mentalhealth.com/library/food-coloring-and-mental-health

  For decades, the potential connection between food dyes and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been a topic of heated debate. […] Many experts have agreed that removing food dye from a child’s diet may help reduce the symptoms of ADHD. However, it has been deduced that it is unlikely to be the primary cause of the disorder. […] By staying informed and making mindful food choices, consumers can take the steps needed to protect their mental well-being while still enjoying the occasional colorful treat—using natural alternatives, of course.

• #30 Color Additives in Food Connected to ADHD in Children

  https://www.ambrosiatc.com/adhd-caused-by-food-coloring-additives/

  Research has illustrated a notable connection between food additives, particularly artificial colorings, and the escalation of hyperactive behaviors in children diagnosed with ADHD. […] Ambrosia Behavioral Health adopts a holistic approach to meal planning and dietary management. […] By prioritizing the elimination of artificial food colorings and additives, promoting nutrient-rich foods, fostering a positive eating environment, and equipping patients with knowledge, Ambrosia Behavioral Health reinforces its commitment to holistic care. […] In conclusion, while the relationship between color additives in food and ADHD in children remains an evolving field of research, current evidence suggests a potential link that warrants attention.

• #31 Let’s Get Clear On Colors – Guiding StarsSearch iconFacebook iconYoutube iconPinterest iconInstagram iconRSS icon

  https://guidingstars.com/guiding-stars-news/lets-get-clear-on-colors/

  In response to the growing evidence demonstrating the negative effects of artificial colors on children, the Guiding Stars Scientific Advisory Panel recently decided to debit foods containing artificial colors by 1 star rating. There is no need for artificial colors to be in foods: they are there strictly for cosmetic purposes.

• #32 Food colours and hyperactivity

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/food-colours-and-hyperactivity/

  Research has found a possible link between certain artificial colours used in food and problems with hyperactivity in children. […] If your child is hyperactive, or has attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), there’s some evidence to suggest that avoiding these 6 food colours may help. […] The link between food colours and hyperactivity is not completely certain; more research is needed to confirm it.

• #33

  https://www.healthychildren.org/English/healthy-living/nutrition/Pages/Food-Additives.aspx

  Do artificial food colors cause childhood hyperactivity? […] More research is needed to better understand how artificial food colors (AFCs) may or may not impact a child’s behavior. This is because much of the original research on these additives were animal studies that did not include behavioral effects. For some children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and other problem behaviors, the AAP says that until we know more, it may be helpful to eliminate AFCs from their diet if they seem to worsen symptoms.

• #34 New report shows artificial food coloring causes hyperactivity in some kids | UC Berkeley Public Health

  https://publichealth.berkeley.edu/news-media/research-highlights/new-report-shows-artificial-food-coloring-causes-hyperactivity-in-some-kids

  A report released in April 2021 by the state of California with contributors from UC Berkeley and UC Davis confirmed the long-suspected belief that the consumption of synthetic food dyes can cause hyperactivity and other neurobehavioral issues for some children. […] The report also found that federal rules for safe amounts of consumption of synthetic food dyes do not reflect the most current research and may not be protecting children’s behavioral health. […] Evidence shows that synthetic food dyes are associated with adverse neurobehavioral outcomes in some children, said OEHHA Director Lauren Zeise. […] Researchers found that all of the FDA’s Acceptable Daily Intake levels (ADIs) for synthetic food dyes are based on 35- to 70-year-old studies that were not designed to detect the types of behavioral effects that have been observed in children. Comparisons with newer studies indicate that the current ADIs may not adequately protect children from behavioral effects. […] We found that children tended to have higher exposures than adults, and some exposures might exceed regulatory guidelines, said UC Berkeley Environmental Health Sciences Professor Asa Bradman, who contributed to the report.

• #35 Food dye facts from a dietitian | MD Anderson Cancer Center

  https://www.mdanderson.org/cancerwise/are-food-dyes-unhealthy.h00-159775656.html

  Research is exploring the link between artificial food dyes and hyperactivity and neurobehavioral issues in children. So far, there isn’t evidence that artificial food dyes have caused these issues, Wohlford notes. […] Food dye from artificial sources has been linked to health concerns like cancer risk, as well as hyperactivity and neurobehavioral issues in children. This research is ongoing. […] Current research indicates that consuming ultra-processed foods regularly increases a person’s risk for chronic diseases like diabetes, cardiovascular disease, obesity, and cancer, as well as other adverse health outcomes, she says.

• #36 Harmless or harmful? The truth about artificial food dyes

  https://www.bswhealth.com/blog/harmless-or-harmful-the-truth-about-artificial-food-dyes

  Artificial food dyes are consumed in higher amounts than they were when research was conducted to help the FDA make its decision, Alessandra said. Many people are concerned that children and adults are now consuming food dyes in excess and if this is harming our population. […] There have long been discussions about food dye and its relationship with hyperactivity in kids. Despite concerns, no research can prove food dyes cause this. […] The strongest research seems to be related to ADHD, Alessandra said. But because these studies have looked at multiple ingredients, it’s hard to pinpoint if the food dyes were the single ingredient causing hyperactivity in children with ADHD.

• #37 Synthetic Colors in Food: A Warning for Children’s Health

  https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/21/6/682

  This study addressed the harmful effects of artificial colors in pediatric populations, including children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), as well as those without behavioral disorders. […] The harms of synthetic dyes in children with or without comorbidities are worrying and require a careful and proactive approach from parents, caregivers and public authorities. […] A warning has been issued about the use of synthetic dyes, especially aimed at parents and caregivers of children with ASD and ADHD. […] The studies presented in this review demonstrate an association between the consumption of these additives and a variety of adverse health effects, ranging from hyperactivity and behavioral disorders to allergic reactions and more serious health problems.

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