Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Diagnosis and Treatment of Rumination Syndrome – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29902642/

  Rumination syndrome is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by effortless postprandial regurgitation. […] The main therapy for rumination syndrome is behavioral modification with postprandial diaphragmatic breathing. […] Best Practice Advice 4: Diaphragmatic breathing with or without biofeedback is the first-line therapy in all cases of rumination syndrome. […] Best Practice Advice 5: Instructions for effective diaphragmatic breathing can be given by speech therapists, psychologists, gastroenterologists, and other health practitioners familiar with the technique.

• #2 Rumination Syndrome Symptoms and Causes – Apollo Hospitals Blog

  https://www.apollohospitals.com/diseases-and-conditions/rumination-syndrome

  Rumination is a reflex, not a conscious action. It is a psychological disorder. It might get wrongly diagnosed as nausea or other digestive issues. […] Behavioral therapy might assist you in recognizing and correcting the pattern. By acquiring more positive coping techniques for stressful situations, you may be able to lower your risk of rumination syndrome. […] It may be helpful to limit your risk of rumination disorder by learning more specific adjusting techniques for distressing events. […] Habit reversal behaviour therapy is used for treating people having rumination syndrome without developmental disabilities. People learn to know when rumination occurs and to breathe in and out using abdominal muscles (diaphragmatic breathing) during those times. […] Biofeedback is also a part of the behavioural therapy for rumination syndrome. During biofeedback, imaging may help you or your kid learn diaphragmatic breathing skills to counteract regurgitation.

• #3

  https://journals.lww.com/ajg/fulltext/2019/04000/diagnosis_and_treatment_of_rumination_syndrome__a.12.aspx

  Rumination syndrome is a disorder that is often inaccurately diagnosed or missed, resulting in patients experiencing protracted symptoms and not receiving treatment for long periods. […] Overall, we recommend clinicians recognize the heterogeneous features of RS when considering diagnosis, assess for RS symptoms by clinical history, and treat RS with targeted diaphragmatic breathing while using other methods as augmented intervention or alternative treatment.

• #4 Rumination Disorder – MD Searchlight

  https://mdsearchlight.com/gut-health/rumination-disorder/

  Preventing Rumination Disorder Doctors need to carefully ask about and identify whether a patient is experiencing vomiting or regurgitation. Both might seem similar, but they are different. Rumination syndrome, which involves frequently regurgitating food from the stomach, is often missed because its wrongly confused with vomiting. Spotting the difference can help reach a correct diagnosis faster, sparing the patient from unnecessary discomfort. […] Unfortunately, many patients have to wait for several years to get the proper diagnosis. Its very important then, that patients understand their condition. With rumination syndrome, its not dangerous and can be managed without medications. Practising diaphragmatic breathing, which involves deep breathing using your diaphragm, is a common treatment strategy.

• #5 Frontiers | Rumination Syndrome in Children and Adolescents: A Mini Review

  https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pediatrics/articles/10.3389/fped.2021.709326/full

  Rumination syndrome involves recurrent regurgitation of food and is believed to be underdiagnosed with patients experiencing long delays in diagnosis. […] While diaphragmatic breathing is considered the mainstay of treatment, pediatric data demonstrating efficacy is lacking, especially as an isolated treatment. […] There is a need to determine whether treatment of co-morbid conditions results in improvement of rumination. Diaphragmatic breathing needs to be studied and compared to other competing responses. […] While diaphragmatic breathing results in a significant decrease in rumination episodes, for many or most patients, rumination continues albeit at a lower rate. […] Most patients will be better served by an interdisciplinary team consisting of a medical provider, a mental health provider, and often a dietician, particularly in the setting of weight loss. Treatment begins with confirming the diagnosis, providing reassurance, and educating patients on the pathophysiology of rumination syndrome, including factors which may exacerbate symptoms.

• #6 Rumination Syndrome

  https://encyclopedia.nm.org/Library/Encyclopedia/134,82

  Experts aren’t sure why rumination syndrome starts in the first place. So it’s unclear what can be done to prevent it. […] The best way to stop it is to relearn how to eat and digest food correctly. This requires diaphragmatic breathing training. […] A behavioral psychologist often teaches this, and it’s easy to learn. The method has to be used at the start of every meal to avoid regurgitation. Over time, most people can master the breathing method. This will stop the bad symptoms of rumination syndrome.

• #7 UC San Diego Health Health Library | San Diego Hospital, Healthcare

  https://myhealth.ucsd.edu/Library/DiseasesConditions/Pediatric/134,82

  Experts aren’t sure why rumination syndrome starts in the first place. So it’s unclear what can be done to prevent it. […] Behavioral therapy will help you to notice the pattern and work to fix it.

• #8 Rumination Syndrome | University Hospitals

  https://www.uhhospitals.org/health-information/health-and-wellness-library/article/diseases-and-conditions/rumination-syndrome

  Experts aren’t sure why rumination syndrome starts in the first place. So it’s unclear what can be done to prevent it. […] The best way to stop it is to relearn how to eat and digest food correctly. This requires diaphragmatic breathing training. […] Behavioral therapy will help you to notice the pattern and work to fix it.

• #9 Rumination disorder – UF Health

  https://ufhealth.org/conditions-and-treatments/rumination-disorder

  There is no known prevention. However, normal stimulation and healthy parent-child relationships may help reduce the odds of rumination disorder.

• #10 Rumination disorder – UF Health

  https://ufhealth.org/conditions-and-treatments/rumination-disorder

  There is no known prevention. However, normal stimulation and healthy parent-child relationships may help reduce the odds of rumination disorder.

• #11 Rumination Syndrome: Causes, Signs & Symptoms, Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17981-rumination-syndrome

  The main treatment for rumination syndrome is behavioral therapy to stop regurgitation. […] It may be possible to reduce your risk of rumination syndrome by learning more positive coping strategies for stressful situations.

• #12 Rumination Syndrome Symptoms and Causes – Apollo Hospitals Blog

  https://www.apollohospitals.com/diseases-and-conditions/rumination-syndrome

  Rumination is a reflex, not a conscious action. It is a psychological disorder. It might get wrongly diagnosed as nausea or other digestive issues. […] Behavioral therapy might assist you in recognizing and correcting the pattern. By acquiring more positive coping techniques for stressful situations, you may be able to lower your risk of rumination syndrome. […] It may be helpful to limit your risk of rumination disorder by learning more specific adjusting techniques for distressing events. […] Habit reversal behaviour therapy is used for treating people having rumination syndrome without developmental disabilities. People learn to know when rumination occurs and to breathe in and out using abdominal muscles (diaphragmatic breathing) during those times. […] Biofeedback is also a part of the behavioural therapy for rumination syndrome. During biofeedback, imaging may help you or your kid learn diaphragmatic breathing skills to counteract regurgitation.

• #13 Rumination Disorder in Infants and Children

  https://www.webmd.com/children/eating-disorders-in-children-rumination-disorder

  Theres no known way to prevent rumination disorder in babies and children. However, careful attention to a child’s eating habits may help catch the disorder before serious complications can occur.

• #14 Multidisciplinary Treatment Is Effective for Patients With Rumination Syndrome – Pediatrics Nationwide

  https://pediatricsnationwide.org/2023/03/27/multidisciplinary-treatment-for-rumination-syndrome-associates-with-high-rates-of-symptom-improvement/

  Tiered, multidisciplinary behavioral treatment is effective at improving symptoms of rumination syndrome (RS) among children and adolescents, even in the outpatient setting. […] The treatment for RS is primarily behavioral, typically under the guidance of a specialized GI psychologist. […] RS is a disorder that cannot be effectively treated by a GI doctor alone. It really requires a multidisciplinary team. Treatment of RS involves a GI doctor and a GI psychologist, and we oftentimes will involve one of our GI dieticians or more team members as well. I think [RS management] is a good example of how we can adapt, from a medical standpoint, to better serve the patient. It’s just a good example of the importance of multidisciplinary care.

• #15 Rumination Syndrome: An Update on Diagnostic and Treatment Strategies – Practical Gastro

  https://practicalgastro.com/2016/09/02/rumination-syndrome-an-update-on-diagnostic-and-treatment-strategies/

  Rumination syndrome (RS) can occur as a primary disorder or as a conditioned response in the setting of other vomiting disorders, particularly gastroparesis. This article will focus on the importance of history taking to diagnose rumination syndrome and review treatment strategies including breathing and relaxation skills. In addition, we emphasize a new approach, jejunostomy tube placement in patients with the most severe symptoms. […] A multidisciplinary team consisting of the gastroenterologist, nutritionist and mental health specialist is recommended to manage rumination syndrome. These different approaches address breathing techniques, relaxation, meditation, as well as pharmacologic approaches for inducing improvement and, over time, cessation of rumination. […] The mainstay of treatment in RS consists of behavioral therapy focusing on breathing and relaxation techniques. These are more successful when performed by a mental health specialist. Breathing techniques are based on habit reversal and properly creating a competing response to the behaviors of regurgitation thus distracting to reduce the targeted regurgitation events.

• #16 Multidisciplinary Treatment Is Effective for Patients With Rumination Syndrome – Pediatrics Nationwide

  https://pediatricsnationwide.org/2023/03/27/multidisciplinary-treatment-for-rumination-syndrome-associates-with-high-rates-of-symptom-improvement/

  Tiered, multidisciplinary behavioral treatment is effective at improving symptoms of rumination syndrome (RS) among children and adolescents, even in the outpatient setting. […] The treatment for RS is primarily behavioral, typically under the guidance of a specialized GI psychologist. […] RS is a disorder that cannot be effectively treated by a GI doctor alone. It really requires a multidisciplinary team. Treatment of RS involves a GI doctor and a GI psychologist, and we oftentimes will involve one of our GI dieticians or more team members as well. I think [RS management] is a good example of how we can adapt, from a medical standpoint, to better serve the patient. It’s just a good example of the importance of multidisciplinary care.

• #17 Multidisciplinary Treatment Is Effective for Patients With Rumination Syndrome – Pediatrics Nationwide

  https://pediatricsnationwide.org/2023/03/27/multidisciplinary-treatment-for-rumination-syndrome-associates-with-high-rates-of-symptom-improvement/

  Tiered, multidisciplinary behavioral treatment is effective at improving symptoms of rumination syndrome (RS) among children and adolescents, even in the outpatient setting. […] The treatment for RS is primarily behavioral, typically under the guidance of a specialized GI psychologist. […] RS is a disorder that cannot be effectively treated by a GI doctor alone. It really requires a multidisciplinary team. Treatment of RS involves a GI doctor and a GI psychologist, and we oftentimes will involve one of our GI dieticians or more team members as well. I think [RS management] is a good example of how we can adapt, from a medical standpoint, to better serve the patient. It’s just a good example of the importance of multidisciplinary care.

• #18 Rumination Syndrome – Guts UK

  https://gutscharity.org.uk/advice-and-information/conditions/rumination-syndrome/

  Best Practice Advice 4: Diaphragmatic breathing with or without biofeedback is the first-line therapy in all cases of rumination syndrome. […] Best Practice Advice 5: Instructions for effective diaphragmatic breathing can be given by speech therapists, psychologists, gastroenterologists, and other health practitioners familiar with the technique. […] In the early stages after diagnosis, it is important that nutrition, oral intake and weight is monitored as well as hydration status. If there is evidence of weight loss or malnutrition, dehydration, support from a dietetics team and supplementation may be required until the condition is effectively treated.

• #19 Rumination syndrome: pathophysiology, diagnosis and practical management | Frontline Gastroenterology

  https://fg.bmj.com/content/13/5/440

  Recent evidence suggests that diaphragmatic breathing and biofeedback are not only beneficial for treating primary rumination, but may also be effective in treating secondary rumination associated with acid reflux. […] In a similar behavioural vein, there is some evidence from paediatric case reports that chewing gum after meals reduces the frequency of regurgitation. […] Following a positive clinical diagnosis of rumination syndrome, one of the most crucial aspects of treatment is an effective doctor-patient interaction. This should include a detailed explanation to educate the patient on the nature and pathophysiology of the condition with reassurance. […] Prior to receiving a formal diagnosis and treatment plan, patients with suspected rumination syndrome can be at risk of malnutrition. A comprehensive nutritional assessment is required to assess for features of malnutrition.

• #20 Rumination Syndrome – Kidshealth | Akron Children’s

  https://www.akronchildrens.org/kidshealth/en/parents/rumination-syndrome.html

  Rumination syndrome can lead to problems from poor nutrition. Kids may not get enough vitamins, minerals, and protein. They may not grow well or could become dehydrated (have too little water in the body). […] Treatment for rumination syndrome includes teaching kids the right way to eat food and let it digest. They learn how to notice when their belly gets tight and relax the muscles to help prevent food from coming back up. […] Your doctor may suggest seeing a mental health provider, such as a psychologist. They can help your child deal with anxiety or depression and teach behavioral techniques, including: […] If rumination syndrome causes your child to lose weight or not grow properly, your doctor may suggest diet changes. Sometimes kids need enteral (EN-tur-ul) nutrition therapy, which consists of special drinks with vitamins and other nutrients kids need to grow.

• #21 Rumination Syndrome: An Update on Diagnostic and Treatment Strategies – Practical Gastro

  https://practicalgastro.com/2016/09/02/rumination-syndrome-an-update-on-diagnostic-and-treatment-strategies/

  Nutritional support prevents the complications including dehydration, vitamin deficiencies and marked hypokalemia which may require frequent hospitalizations. In patients awaiting response to behavioral therapy, a temporary jejunostomy tube provides enteral nutrition while bypassing the stomach. This aggressive approach improves quality of life, allows patients to concentrate on breathing treatments, return to work and overall become more functional. The jejunostomy tube may be placed laparoscopically, endoscopically or by interventional radiology depending on the center. […] Physicians should also recognize the subset of patients in whom a feeding jejunostomy tube is necessary to maintain nutrition and electrolyte balance while the patient masters the breathing and relaxation approaches, slowly increase oral caloric intake and finally overcome the rumination reflex.

• #22 Rumination syndrome: pathophysiology, diagnosis and practical management | Frontline Gastroenterology

  https://fg.bmj.com/content/13/5/440

  Behavioural therapies including diaphragmatic breathing and biofeedback are effective treatments for rumination syndrome and have the largest evidence bases. […] Following treatment, most patients have large reductions in their frequency of regurgitation. […] Behavioural interventions have the greatest evidence base for the treatment of rumination syndrome. The two interventions most often used are diaphragmatic breathing and biofeedback. […] Diaphragmatic breathing has been shown to significantly reduce the frequency of regurgitation, increase the pressure at the oesophagogastric junction and reduce intragastric pressure. […] When the response to diaphragmatic breathing is incomplete, more advanced behavioural therapy with biofeedback may be an effective tool for rumination syndrome.

• #23 Rumination Syndrome – Guts UK

  https://gutscharity.org.uk/advice-and-information/conditions/rumination-syndrome/

  Best Practice Advice 4: Diaphragmatic breathing with or without biofeedback is the first-line therapy in all cases of rumination syndrome. […] Best Practice Advice 5: Instructions for effective diaphragmatic breathing can be given by speech therapists, psychologists, gastroenterologists, and other health practitioners familiar with the technique. […] In the early stages after diagnosis, it is important that nutrition, oral intake and weight is monitored as well as hydration status. If there is evidence of weight loss or malnutrition, dehydration, support from a dietetics team and supplementation may be required until the condition is effectively treated.

• #24 Rumination syndrome: pathophysiology, diagnosis and practical management | Frontline Gastroenterology

  https://fg.bmj.com/content/13/5/440

  Behavioural therapies including diaphragmatic breathing and biofeedback are effective treatments for rumination syndrome and have the largest evidence bases. […] Following treatment, most patients have large reductions in their frequency of regurgitation. […] Behavioural interventions have the greatest evidence base for the treatment of rumination syndrome. The two interventions most often used are diaphragmatic breathing and biofeedback. […] Diaphragmatic breathing has been shown to significantly reduce the frequency of regurgitation, increase the pressure at the oesophagogastric junction and reduce intragastric pressure. […] When the response to diaphragmatic breathing is incomplete, more advanced behavioural therapy with biofeedback may be an effective tool for rumination syndrome.

• #25 Rumination syndrome: pathophysiology, diagnosis and practical management | Frontline Gastroenterology

  https://fg.bmj.com/content/13/5/440

  Behavioural therapies including diaphragmatic breathing and biofeedback are effective treatments for rumination syndrome and have the largest evidence bases. […] Following treatment, most patients have large reductions in their frequency of regurgitation. […] Behavioural interventions have the greatest evidence base for the treatment of rumination syndrome. The two interventions most often used are diaphragmatic breathing and biofeedback. […] Diaphragmatic breathing has been shown to significantly reduce the frequency of regurgitation, increase the pressure at the oesophagogastric junction and reduce intragastric pressure. […] When the response to diaphragmatic breathing is incomplete, more advanced behavioural therapy with biofeedback may be an effective tool for rumination syndrome.

• #26 Rumination syndrome: pathophysiology, diagnosis and practical management | Frontline Gastroenterology

  https://fg.bmj.com/content/13/5/440

  Behavioural therapies including diaphragmatic breathing and biofeedback are effective treatments for rumination syndrome and have the largest evidence bases. […] Following treatment, most patients have large reductions in their frequency of regurgitation. […] Behavioural interventions have the greatest evidence base for the treatment of rumination syndrome. The two interventions most often used are diaphragmatic breathing and biofeedback. […] Diaphragmatic breathing has been shown to significantly reduce the frequency of regurgitation, increase the pressure at the oesophagogastric junction and reduce intragastric pressure. […] When the response to diaphragmatic breathing is incomplete, more advanced behavioural therapy with biofeedback may be an effective tool for rumination syndrome.

• #27 What is Rumination Disorder? Signs, Statistics & Causes

  https://breakbingeeating.com/rumination-disorder/

  Preliminary research has shown that certain medical and behavioural treatments may be effective for preventing, addressing, or stopping the regurgitation behaviour that is characteristic of rumination syndrome. […] Diaphragmatic breathing has the most support to date by reports and studies that clearly indicated decreases in regurgitations. […] Diaphragmatic breathing operates as a competing response to habitual abdominal wall contraction by relaxing the abdominal wall. […] There is some evidence showing that various other behavioural strategies may help people with rumination syndrome. […] Some behavioural strategies shown to be effective in case series studies include: Alternate self-soothing strategies, Cognitive strategies to facilitate riding out premonitory urges, Behavioural experiments to test fears (e.g., about using diaphragmatic breathing in public), Behavioral exposures (e.g., systematic exposure to stimuli associated with regurgitations), Gum chewing, Aversion training.

• #28 Rumination Syndrome – Guts UK

  https://gutscharity.org.uk/advice-and-information/conditions/rumination-syndrome/

  Best Practice Advice 4: Diaphragmatic breathing with or without biofeedback is the first-line therapy in all cases of rumination syndrome. […] Best Practice Advice 5: Instructions for effective diaphragmatic breathing can be given by speech therapists, psychologists, gastroenterologists, and other health practitioners familiar with the technique. […] In the early stages after diagnosis, it is important that nutrition, oral intake and weight is monitored as well as hydration status. If there is evidence of weight loss or malnutrition, dehydration, support from a dietetics team and supplementation may be required until the condition is effectively treated.

• #29 Rumination Syndrome

  https://encyclopedia.nm.org/Library/Encyclopedia/134,82

  Experts aren’t sure why rumination syndrome starts in the first place. So it’s unclear what can be done to prevent it. […] The best way to stop it is to relearn how to eat and digest food correctly. This requires diaphragmatic breathing training. […] A behavioral psychologist often teaches this, and it’s easy to learn. The method has to be used at the start of every meal to avoid regurgitation. Over time, most people can master the breathing method. This will stop the bad symptoms of rumination syndrome.

• #30 Rumination syndrome: pathophysiology, diagnosis and practical management | Frontline Gastroenterology

  https://fg.bmj.com/content/13/5/440

  Behavioural therapies including diaphragmatic breathing and biofeedback are effective treatments for rumination syndrome and have the largest evidence bases. […] Following treatment, most patients have large reductions in their frequency of regurgitation. […] Behavioural interventions have the greatest evidence base for the treatment of rumination syndrome. The two interventions most often used are diaphragmatic breathing and biofeedback. […] Diaphragmatic breathing has been shown to significantly reduce the frequency of regurgitation, increase the pressure at the oesophagogastric junction and reduce intragastric pressure. […] When the response to diaphragmatic breathing is incomplete, more advanced behavioural therapy with biofeedback may be an effective tool for rumination syndrome.

• #31 Rumination Syndrome Symptoms and Causes – Apollo Hospitals Blog

  https://www.apollohospitals.com/diseases-and-conditions/rumination-syndrome

  Rumination is a reflex, not a conscious action. It is a psychological disorder. It might get wrongly diagnosed as nausea or other digestive issues. […] Behavioral therapy might assist you in recognizing and correcting the pattern. By acquiring more positive coping techniques for stressful situations, you may be able to lower your risk of rumination syndrome. […] It may be helpful to limit your risk of rumination disorder by learning more specific adjusting techniques for distressing events. […] Habit reversal behaviour therapy is used for treating people having rumination syndrome without developmental disabilities. People learn to know when rumination occurs and to breathe in and out using abdominal muscles (diaphragmatic breathing) during those times. […] Biofeedback is also a part of the behavioural therapy for rumination syndrome. During biofeedback, imaging may help you or your kid learn diaphragmatic breathing skills to counteract regurgitation.

• #32 Biofeedback therapy reduces regurgitation episodes in rumination | Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology

  https://www.nature.com/articles/nrgastro.2014.73

  Biofeedback-guided control of abdomino-thoracic muscular activity can help reduce the number of regurgitation episodes in patients with rumination syndrome, according to the findings of a recent study. […] Elizabeth Barba and colleagues decided to perform a prospective study to investigate whether rumination could be reduced by behavioural treatment.

• #33 Biofeedback therapy reduces regurgitation episodes in rumination | Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology

  https://www.nature.com/articles/nrgastro.2014.73

  Biofeedback-guided control of abdomino-thoracic muscular activity can help reduce the number of regurgitation episodes in patients with rumination syndrome, according to the findings of a recent study. […] Elizabeth Barba and colleagues decided to perform a prospective study to investigate whether rumination could be reduced by behavioural treatment.

• #34 Rumination Disorder: Bobbi’s Story | Children’s Mercy Kansas City

  https://www.childrensmercy.org/departments-and-clinics/gastroenterology/rumination-disorder-bobbis-story/

  Rumination disorder is probably more common than we think, Dr. Schurman said. When there is no medical cause for the problem, we focus on changing the habit or behavior. […] The main treatment for rumination disorder is behavioral therapy. This may involve habit reversal strategies, relaxation, diaphragmatic breathing and biofeedback. […] Dr. Schurman explained that at some point, Bobbi’s esophagus had learned to push food up in response to stress, and that she needed to retrain those muscles to push food down instead. […] She taught Bobbi breathing exercises to help her relax, and recommended she do them daily. […] Dr. Schurman also explained that even though it didn’t make Bobbi feel good, she needed to swallow her food, not spit it out. […] Dr. Schurman used the information gained from the biofeedback sessions to teach Bobbi additional skills to reduce stress, balance her nervous system, and reduce or eliminate physical symptoms.

• #35 Rumination Disorder: Bobbi’s Story | Children’s Mercy Kansas City

  https://www.childrensmercy.org/departments-and-clinics/gastroenterology/rumination-disorder-bobbis-story/

  Rumination disorder is probably more common than we think, Dr. Schurman said. When there is no medical cause for the problem, we focus on changing the habit or behavior. […] The main treatment for rumination disorder is behavioral therapy. This may involve habit reversal strategies, relaxation, diaphragmatic breathing and biofeedback. […] Dr. Schurman explained that at some point, Bobbi’s esophagus had learned to push food up in response to stress, and that she needed to retrain those muscles to push food down instead. […] She taught Bobbi breathing exercises to help her relax, and recommended she do them daily. […] Dr. Schurman also explained that even though it didn’t make Bobbi feel good, she needed to swallow her food, not spit it out. […] Dr. Schurman used the information gained from the biofeedback sessions to teach Bobbi additional skills to reduce stress, balance her nervous system, and reduce or eliminate physical symptoms.

• #36 Rumination Disorder: Bobbi’s Story | Children’s Mercy Kansas City

  https://www.childrensmercy.org/departments-and-clinics/gastroenterology/rumination-disorder-bobbis-story/

  Rumination disorder is probably more common than we think, Dr. Schurman said. When there is no medical cause for the problem, we focus on changing the habit or behavior. […] The main treatment for rumination disorder is behavioral therapy. This may involve habit reversal strategies, relaxation, diaphragmatic breathing and biofeedback. […] Dr. Schurman explained that at some point, Bobbi’s esophagus had learned to push food up in response to stress, and that she needed to retrain those muscles to push food down instead. […] She taught Bobbi breathing exercises to help her relax, and recommended she do them daily. […] Dr. Schurman also explained that even though it didn’t make Bobbi feel good, she needed to swallow her food, not spit it out. […] Dr. Schurman used the information gained from the biofeedback sessions to teach Bobbi additional skills to reduce stress, balance her nervous system, and reduce or eliminate physical symptoms.

• #37 What is Rumination Disorder? Signs, Statistics & Causes

  https://breakbingeeating.com/rumination-disorder/

  Preliminary research has shown that certain medical and behavioural treatments may be effective for preventing, addressing, or stopping the regurgitation behaviour that is characteristic of rumination syndrome. […] Diaphragmatic breathing has the most support to date by reports and studies that clearly indicated decreases in regurgitations. […] Diaphragmatic breathing operates as a competing response to habitual abdominal wall contraction by relaxing the abdominal wall. […] There is some evidence showing that various other behavioural strategies may help people with rumination syndrome. […] Some behavioural strategies shown to be effective in case series studies include: Alternate self-soothing strategies, Cognitive strategies to facilitate riding out premonitory urges, Behavioural experiments to test fears (e.g., about using diaphragmatic breathing in public), Behavioral exposures (e.g., systematic exposure to stimuli associated with regurgitations), Gum chewing, Aversion training.

• #38 What is Rumination Disorder? Signs, Statistics & Causes

  https://breakbingeeating.com/rumination-disorder/

  Preliminary research has shown that certain medical and behavioural treatments may be effective for preventing, addressing, or stopping the regurgitation behaviour that is characteristic of rumination syndrome. […] Diaphragmatic breathing has the most support to date by reports and studies that clearly indicated decreases in regurgitations. […] Diaphragmatic breathing operates as a competing response to habitual abdominal wall contraction by relaxing the abdominal wall. […] There is some evidence showing that various other behavioural strategies may help people with rumination syndrome. […] Some behavioural strategies shown to be effective in case series studies include: Alternate self-soothing strategies, Cognitive strategies to facilitate riding out premonitory urges, Behavioural experiments to test fears (e.g., about using diaphragmatic breathing in public), Behavioral exposures (e.g., systematic exposure to stimuli associated with regurgitations), Gum chewing, Aversion training.

• #39 What is Rumination Disorder? Signs, Statistics & Causes

  https://breakbingeeating.com/rumination-disorder/

  Preliminary research has shown that certain medical and behavioural treatments may be effective for preventing, addressing, or stopping the regurgitation behaviour that is characteristic of rumination syndrome. […] Diaphragmatic breathing has the most support to date by reports and studies that clearly indicated decreases in regurgitations. […] Diaphragmatic breathing operates as a competing response to habitual abdominal wall contraction by relaxing the abdominal wall. […] There is some evidence showing that various other behavioural strategies may help people with rumination syndrome. […] Some behavioural strategies shown to be effective in case series studies include: Alternate self-soothing strategies, Cognitive strategies to facilitate riding out premonitory urges, Behavioural experiments to test fears (e.g., about using diaphragmatic breathing in public), Behavioral exposures (e.g., systematic exposure to stimuli associated with regurgitations), Gum chewing, Aversion training.

• #40 What is Rumination Disorder? Signs, Statistics & Causes

  https://breakbingeeating.com/rumination-disorder/

  Preliminary research has shown that certain medical and behavioural treatments may be effective for preventing, addressing, or stopping the regurgitation behaviour that is characteristic of rumination syndrome. […] Diaphragmatic breathing has the most support to date by reports and studies that clearly indicated decreases in regurgitations. […] Diaphragmatic breathing operates as a competing response to habitual abdominal wall contraction by relaxing the abdominal wall. […] There is some evidence showing that various other behavioural strategies may help people with rumination syndrome. […] Some behavioural strategies shown to be effective in case series studies include: Alternate self-soothing strategies, Cognitive strategies to facilitate riding out premonitory urges, Behavioural experiments to test fears (e.g., about using diaphragmatic breathing in public), Behavioral exposures (e.g., systematic exposure to stimuli associated with regurgitations), Gum chewing, Aversion training.

• #41 Rumination syndrome: pathophysiology, diagnosis and practical management | Frontline Gastroenterology

  https://fg.bmj.com/content/13/5/440

  Recent evidence suggests that diaphragmatic breathing and biofeedback are not only beneficial for treating primary rumination, but may also be effective in treating secondary rumination associated with acid reflux. […] In a similar behavioural vein, there is some evidence from paediatric case reports that chewing gum after meals reduces the frequency of regurgitation. […] Following a positive clinical diagnosis of rumination syndrome, one of the most crucial aspects of treatment is an effective doctor-patient interaction. This should include a detailed explanation to educate the patient on the nature and pathophysiology of the condition with reassurance. […] Prior to receiving a formal diagnosis and treatment plan, patients with suspected rumination syndrome can be at risk of malnutrition. A comprehensive nutritional assessment is required to assess for features of malnutrition.

• #42 What is Rumination Disorder? Signs, Statistics & Causes

  https://breakbingeeating.com/rumination-disorder/

  Preliminary research has shown that certain medical and behavioural treatments may be effective for preventing, addressing, or stopping the regurgitation behaviour that is characteristic of rumination syndrome. […] Diaphragmatic breathing has the most support to date by reports and studies that clearly indicated decreases in regurgitations. […] Diaphragmatic breathing operates as a competing response to habitual abdominal wall contraction by relaxing the abdominal wall. […] There is some evidence showing that various other behavioural strategies may help people with rumination syndrome. […] Some behavioural strategies shown to be effective in case series studies include: Alternate self-soothing strategies, Cognitive strategies to facilitate riding out premonitory urges, Behavioural experiments to test fears (e.g., about using diaphragmatic breathing in public), Behavioral exposures (e.g., systematic exposure to stimuli associated with regurgitations), Gum chewing, Aversion training.

• #43 What is Rumination Disorder? Signs, Statistics & Causes

  https://breakbingeeating.com/rumination-disorder/

  Preliminary research has shown that certain medical and behavioural treatments may be effective for preventing, addressing, or stopping the regurgitation behaviour that is characteristic of rumination syndrome. […] Diaphragmatic breathing has the most support to date by reports and studies that clearly indicated decreases in regurgitations. […] Diaphragmatic breathing operates as a competing response to habitual abdominal wall contraction by relaxing the abdominal wall. […] There is some evidence showing that various other behavioural strategies may help people with rumination syndrome. […] Some behavioural strategies shown to be effective in case series studies include: Alternate self-soothing strategies, Cognitive strategies to facilitate riding out premonitory urges, Behavioural experiments to test fears (e.g., about using diaphragmatic breathing in public), Behavioral exposures (e.g., systematic exposure to stimuli associated with regurgitations), Gum chewing, Aversion training.

• #44

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11938-020-00272-4

  Rumination syndrome is defined as effortless postprandial regurgitation that patients may characterize as vomiting. […] Treatment is primarily diaphragmatic breathing; however, baclofen has also showed nominal benefit.

• #45 Baclofen Does Not Significantly Improve Rumination Syndrome Symptoms in Children

  https://www.hcplive.com/view/baclofen-does-not-significantly-improve-rumination-syndrome-symptoms-children

  Baclofen was found safe for children with rumination syndrome but did not significantly outperform placebo in symptom improvement. […] Despite limited statistical significance, baclofen is recommended as an adjunct to behavioral therapy due to its safety and potential benefits. […] Given the improvement we observed with baclofen and limited side effect profile, we recommend considering the addition of baclofen to behavioral treatment for children with rumination syndrome.

• #46 Rumination syndrome | Beacon Health System

  https://www.beaconhealthsystem.org/library/diseases-and-conditions/rumination-syndrome?content_id=CON-20377320

  Treatment may include behavioral therapy or medicine. […] Behavioral therapy typically involves teaching people to breathe from the diaphragm. […] Habit-reversal behavior therapy is used to treat people without developmental disabilities who have rumination syndrome. First, you learn to recognize when rumination happens. When rumination starts, you use the abdominal muscles to breathe in and out. This technique is called diaphragmatic breathing. Diaphragmatic breathing prevents abdominal contractions and regurgitation. […] Biofeedback is part of behavior therapy for rumination syndrome. During biofeedback, imaging can help you or your child learn diaphragmatic breathing skills to counteract regurgitation. […] Some people with rumination syndrome may benefit from treatment with medicine that helps relax the stomach after eating. […] If frequent rumination is damaging the esophagus, proton pump inhibitors such as esomeprazole (Nexium) or omeprazole (Prilosec) may be prescribed. These medicines can protect the lining of the esophagus until behavior therapy reduces the frequency and severity of regurgitation.

• #47 Rumination syndrome | Altru Health System

  https://www.altru.org/health-library/conditions/rumination-syndrome

  Habit-reversal behavior therapy is used to treat people without developmental disabilities who have rumination syndrome. […] Diaphragmatic breathing prevents abdominal contractions and regurgitation. […] Some people with rumination syndrome may benefit from treatment with medicine that helps relax the stomach after eating. […] If frequent rumination is damaging the esophagus, proton pump inhibitors such as esomeprazole (Nexium) or omeprazole (Prilosec) may be prescribed. These medicines can protect the lining of the esophagus until behavior therapy reduces the frequency and severity of regurgitation.

• #48 Rumination syndrome | Beacon Health System

  https://www.beaconhealthsystem.org/library/diseases-and-conditions/rumination-syndrome?content_id=CON-20377320

  Treatment may include behavioral therapy or medicine. […] Behavioral therapy typically involves teaching people to breathe from the diaphragm. […] Habit-reversal behavior therapy is used to treat people without developmental disabilities who have rumination syndrome. First, you learn to recognize when rumination happens. When rumination starts, you use the abdominal muscles to breathe in and out. This technique is called diaphragmatic breathing. Diaphragmatic breathing prevents abdominal contractions and regurgitation. […] Biofeedback is part of behavior therapy for rumination syndrome. During biofeedback, imaging can help you or your child learn diaphragmatic breathing skills to counteract regurgitation. […] Some people with rumination syndrome may benefit from treatment with medicine that helps relax the stomach after eating. […] If frequent rumination is damaging the esophagus, proton pump inhibitors such as esomeprazole (Nexium) or omeprazole (Prilosec) may be prescribed. These medicines can protect the lining of the esophagus until behavior therapy reduces the frequency and severity of regurgitation.

• #49 Rumination syndrome | Altru Health System

  https://www.altru.org/health-library/conditions/rumination-syndrome

  Habit-reversal behavior therapy is used to treat people without developmental disabilities who have rumination syndrome. […] Diaphragmatic breathing prevents abdominal contractions and regurgitation. […] Some people with rumination syndrome may benefit from treatment with medicine that helps relax the stomach after eating. […] If frequent rumination is damaging the esophagus, proton pump inhibitors such as esomeprazole (Nexium) or omeprazole (Prilosec) may be prescribed. These medicines can protect the lining of the esophagus until behavior therapy reduces the frequency and severity of regurgitation.

• #50 Rumination syndrome: pathophysiology, diagnosis and practical management | Frontline Gastroenterology

  https://fg.bmj.com/content/13/5/440

  Recent evidence suggests that diaphragmatic breathing and biofeedback are not only beneficial for treating primary rumination, but may also be effective in treating secondary rumination associated with acid reflux. […] In a similar behavioural vein, there is some evidence from paediatric case reports that chewing gum after meals reduces the frequency of regurgitation. […] Following a positive clinical diagnosis of rumination syndrome, one of the most crucial aspects of treatment is an effective doctor-patient interaction. This should include a detailed explanation to educate the patient on the nature and pathophysiology of the condition with reassurance. […] Prior to receiving a formal diagnosis and treatment plan, patients with suspected rumination syndrome can be at risk of malnutrition. A comprehensive nutritional assessment is required to assess for features of malnutrition.

• #51 Treatment Options For Rumination Disorder: Medications, Therapies, & More

  https://www.therecoveryvillage.com/mental-health/rumination-disorder/treatment/

  Currently, the most effective treatment strategies in rumination disorder consist of behavioral therapy focusing on breathing and relaxation techniques. Breathing techniques use habit reversal to create a competing behavior (or a distraction) to reduce the regurgitation episodes. […] Relaxation techniques combined with diaphragmatic breathing and music help the patient relax, which reduces the likelihood that they will ruminate. […] Education and realistic expectations during times of stress are additional tools a person can use to avoid setbacks. […] Rumination disorder strategies must include education for both the parents and child, rebonding of the parent and child, counseling, support groups, stress reduction and treating underlying psychopathologies like depression or anxiety.

• #52 Treatment Options For Rumination Disorder: Medications, Therapies, & More

  https://www.therecoveryvillage.com/mental-health/rumination-disorder/treatment/

  Currently, the most effective treatment strategies in rumination disorder consist of behavioral therapy focusing on breathing and relaxation techniques. Breathing techniques use habit reversal to create a competing behavior (or a distraction) to reduce the regurgitation episodes. […] Relaxation techniques combined with diaphragmatic breathing and music help the patient relax, which reduces the likelihood that they will ruminate. […] Education and realistic expectations during times of stress are additional tools a person can use to avoid setbacks. […] Rumination disorder strategies must include education for both the parents and child, rebonding of the parent and child, counseling, support groups, stress reduction and treating underlying psychopathologies like depression or anxiety.

• #53 Treatment Options For Rumination Disorder: Medications, Therapies, & More

  https://www.therecoveryvillage.com/mental-health/rumination-disorder/treatment/

  Currently, the most effective treatment strategies in rumination disorder consist of behavioral therapy focusing on breathing and relaxation techniques. Breathing techniques use habit reversal to create a competing behavior (or a distraction) to reduce the regurgitation episodes. […] Relaxation techniques combined with diaphragmatic breathing and music help the patient relax, which reduces the likelihood that they will ruminate. […] Education and realistic expectations during times of stress are additional tools a person can use to avoid setbacks. […] Rumination disorder strategies must include education for both the parents and child, rebonding of the parent and child, counseling, support groups, stress reduction and treating underlying psychopathologies like depression or anxiety.

• #54 Treatment Options For Rumination Disorder: Medications, Therapies, & More

  https://www.therecoveryvillage.com/mental-health/rumination-disorder/treatment/

  Currently, the most effective treatment strategies in rumination disorder consist of behavioral therapy focusing on breathing and relaxation techniques. Breathing techniques use habit reversal to create a competing behavior (or a distraction) to reduce the regurgitation episodes. […] Relaxation techniques combined with diaphragmatic breathing and music help the patient relax, which reduces the likelihood that they will ruminate. […] Education and realistic expectations during times of stress are additional tools a person can use to avoid setbacks. […] Rumination disorder strategies must include education for both the parents and child, rebonding of the parent and child, counseling, support groups, stress reduction and treating underlying psychopathologies like depression or anxiety.

• #55 Treatment Options For Rumination Disorder: Medications, Therapies, & More

  https://www.therecoveryvillage.com/mental-health/rumination-disorder/treatment/

  Currently, the most effective treatment strategies in rumination disorder consist of behavioral therapy focusing on breathing and relaxation techniques. Breathing techniques use habit reversal to create a competing behavior (or a distraction) to reduce the regurgitation episodes. […] Relaxation techniques combined with diaphragmatic breathing and music help the patient relax, which reduces the likelihood that they will ruminate. […] Education and realistic expectations during times of stress are additional tools a person can use to avoid setbacks. […] Rumination disorder strategies must include education for both the parents and child, rebonding of the parent and child, counseling, support groups, stress reduction and treating underlying psychopathologies like depression or anxiety.

• #56 Treatment Options For Rumination Disorder: Medications, Therapies, & More

  https://www.therecoveryvillage.com/mental-health/rumination-disorder/treatment/

  Currently, the most effective treatment strategies in rumination disorder consist of behavioral therapy focusing on breathing and relaxation techniques. Breathing techniques use habit reversal to create a competing behavior (or a distraction) to reduce the regurgitation episodes. […] Relaxation techniques combined with diaphragmatic breathing and music help the patient relax, which reduces the likelihood that they will ruminate. […] Education and realistic expectations during times of stress are additional tools a person can use to avoid setbacks. […] Rumination disorder strategies must include education for both the parents and child, rebonding of the parent and child, counseling, support groups, stress reduction and treating underlying psychopathologies like depression or anxiety.

• #57 Treatment Options For Rumination Disorder: Medications, Therapies, & More

  https://www.therecoveryvillage.com/mental-health/rumination-disorder/treatment/

  Currently, the most effective treatment strategies in rumination disorder consist of behavioral therapy focusing on breathing and relaxation techniques. Breathing techniques use habit reversal to create a competing behavior (or a distraction) to reduce the regurgitation episodes. […] Relaxation techniques combined with diaphragmatic breathing and music help the patient relax, which reduces the likelihood that they will ruminate. […] Education and realistic expectations during times of stress are additional tools a person can use to avoid setbacks. […] Rumination disorder strategies must include education for both the parents and child, rebonding of the parent and child, counseling, support groups, stress reduction and treating underlying psychopathologies like depression or anxiety.

• #58 Rumination Disorder – MD Searchlight

  https://mdsearchlight.com/gut-health/rumination-disorder/

  However, to effectively manage this condition, patients often need to undergo intensive cognitive-behavioral therapy. This essentially means learning new ways to think and behave to improve their medical condition. They also need thorough, repeated training to practice diaphragmatic breathing properly. […] Continuously educating the patient about their disease and the importance of these behavioral changes can significantly reduce their symptoms and improve their wellbeing.

• #59 Rumination Syndrome | 5-Minute Clinical Consult

  https://www.unboundmedicine.com/5minute/view/5-Minute-Clinical-Consult/1688626/all/Rumination_Syndrome?q=Dysphagia

  Rumination syndrome is associated with dental erosions in children; consider early dental referral for children with rumination syndrome (3)[B]. […] General prevention strategies may include early dental referral for affected children to mitigate dental erosions associated with the condition.

• #60 Treatment Options For Rumination Disorder: Medications, Therapies, & More

  https://www.therecoveryvillage.com/mental-health/rumination-disorder/treatment/

  Rumination disorder can be treated through behavior modification, habit reversal training and diaphragmatic breathing exercises. […] Treatment for rumination disorder depends on accurate diagnosis and finding the underlying cause of the disorder. It also encompasses managing symptoms and reducing complications that may arise as a result of regurgitating food, rechewing it and swallowing it again. Rumination disorder treatment is primarily psychosocial or psychodynamic and consists of non-punishing behavioral strategies. […] According to the Nationwide Childrens Hospital, the goals for treating rumination disorder are: Education, Treating the trigger symptoms, Treating symptoms such as nausea or bloating, Undoing newly learned habits, Learning new behaviors for abdominal muscles, Retraining the stomach to hold food again, Teaching self-regulation, Identifying and addressing other problems like depression, anxiety and stress.

• #61 Frontiers | Rumination Syndrome in Children and Adolescents: A Mini Review

  https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pediatrics/articles/10.3389/fped.2021.709326/full

  Rumination syndrome involves recurrent regurgitation of food and is believed to be underdiagnosed with patients experiencing long delays in diagnosis. […] While diaphragmatic breathing is considered the mainstay of treatment, pediatric data demonstrating efficacy is lacking, especially as an isolated treatment. […] There is a need to determine whether treatment of co-morbid conditions results in improvement of rumination. Diaphragmatic breathing needs to be studied and compared to other competing responses. […] While diaphragmatic breathing results in a significant decrease in rumination episodes, for many or most patients, rumination continues albeit at a lower rate. […] Most patients will be better served by an interdisciplinary team consisting of a medical provider, a mental health provider, and often a dietician, particularly in the setting of weight loss. Treatment begins with confirming the diagnosis, providing reassurance, and educating patients on the pathophysiology of rumination syndrome, including factors which may exacerbate symptoms.

• #62 Rumination syndrome: pathophysiology, diagnosis and practical management | Frontline Gastroenterology

  https://fg.bmj.com/content/13/5/440

  Recent evidence suggests that diaphragmatic breathing and biofeedback are not only beneficial for treating primary rumination, but may also be effective in treating secondary rumination associated with acid reflux. […] In a similar behavioural vein, there is some evidence from paediatric case reports that chewing gum after meals reduces the frequency of regurgitation. […] Following a positive clinical diagnosis of rumination syndrome, one of the most crucial aspects of treatment is an effective doctor-patient interaction. This should include a detailed explanation to educate the patient on the nature and pathophysiology of the condition with reassurance. […] Prior to receiving a formal diagnosis and treatment plan, patients with suspected rumination syndrome can be at risk of malnutrition. A comprehensive nutritional assessment is required to assess for features of malnutrition.

• #63

  https://journals.lww.com/ajg/fulltext/2019/04000/diagnosis_and_treatment_of_rumination_syndrome__a.12.aspx

  Rumination syndrome is a disorder that is often inaccurately diagnosed or missed, resulting in patients experiencing protracted symptoms and not receiving treatment for long periods. […] Overall, we recommend clinicians recognize the heterogeneous features of RS when considering diagnosis, assess for RS symptoms by clinical history, and treat RS with targeted diaphragmatic breathing while using other methods as augmented intervention or alternative treatment.

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