Materiały źródłowe

• #1 HIV surveillance

  https://www.who.int/teams/global-hiv-hepatitis-and-stis-programmes/hiv/strategic-information/hiv-surveillance

  Understanding trends in HIV data is a cornerstone of the public health response to HIV. HIV surveillance brings together information from a range of sources to: estimate how many people are living with HIV; understand who is being infected and why; and assess the impact of HIV prevention, testing, and treatment services across different population groups. […] This ongoing collection, analysis and dissemination of HIV data provides evidence for decision-making. It also tracks national and global progress towards the United Nations target to end the AIDS epidemic by 2030. […] WHO provides support to Member States by characterizing the current epidemiology of HIV, reviewing surveillance approaches and methods, and producing strategic information guidelines. […] These guidelines consolidate guidance on monitoring systems for patients and all cases of HIV as part of public health surveillance. They recommend the integration of related infections into HIV surveillance systems. […] This document is written for national HIV surveillance programme staff responsible for monitoring trends in country HIV epidemics. Its purpose is to describe guidelines for conducting HIV surveillance among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics based on routine programme data.

• #2 National HIV Surveillance System (NHSS) | HIV Data | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/hiv-data/nhss/index.html

  The National HIV Surveillance System (NHSS) is the primary source of HIV data for monitoring cases of HIV infection in the United States and 6 U.S. territories and freely associated states (American Samoa, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, Republic of Palau, U.S. Virgin Islands). […] Surveillance programs of local, territorial, and state health departments gather information on demographic characteristics (sex assigned at birth, gender, race/ethnicity, age, and place of diagnosis), transmission category (mode of exposure), and all test results indicative of HIV infection and for monitoring stage of disease (viral load and CD4 count and percent). […] Data are used to monitor the distribution and transmission of HIV, plan and evaluate prevention and care programs, allocate resources, inform policy development, and identify and respond to rapid transmission of HIV. […] For the most up-to-date technical notes for HIV surveillance and monitoring, see the Technical Notes in the NCHHSTP Atlas Plus. […] Learn about HIV data systems, various HIV data trends in the United States, as well as how data is used to analyze and prevent further HIV transmission.

• #3 HIV data and statistics

  https://www.who.int/teams/global-hiv-hepatitis-and-stis-programmes/hiv/strategic-information/hiv-data-and-statistics

  An estimated 39.9 million [36.144.6 million] people were living with HIV at the end of 2023, of which 1.4 million [1.11.7 million] children (0-14 years old) and 38.6 [34.943.1 million] adults (15+ years old). […] 1.3 million [1.01.7 million] people acquired HIV in 2023. Since 2010, the number of people acquiring HIV has been reduced by 39%, from 2.1 million [1.72.7 million]. […] In 2023, 630 000 [500 000820 000] people died from HIV-related causes globally. Since 2010, HIV-related deaths have been reduced by 51%, from 1.3 million [1.0 million1.7 million]. The global HIV epidemic claimed 69% fewer lives in 2023 since the peak in 2004. […] HIV continues to be a major global public health issue, claiming 42.3 million [35.751.1 million] lives so far. […] In 2023, 86% [6998%] of people living with HIV knew their status. […] In 2023, 30.7 million people, or 77% [6189%] of people living with HIV were receiving antiretroviral therapy globally. […] In 2023, 72% [6580%] of people living with HIV had suppressed viral loads.

• #4 Global HIV & AIDS statistics — Fact sheet | UNAIDS

  https://www.unaids.org/en/resources/fact-sheet

  39.9 million [36.1 million44.6 million] people globally were living with HIV in 2023. […] 1.3 million [1 million1.7 million] people became newly infected with HIV in 2023. […] 630 000 [500 000820 000] people died from AIDS-related illnesses in 2023. […] 30.7 million people [2731.9 million] were accessing antiretroviral therapy in 2023. […] 88.4 million [71.3 million112.8 million] people have become infected with HIV since the start of the epidemic. […] 42.3 million [35.7 million51.1 million] people have died from AIDS-related illnesses since the start of the epidemic. […] In 2023, 1.3 million [1 million1.7 million] people were newly infected with HIV, compared to 3.3 million [2.6 million4.2 million] people in 1995. […] AIDS-related deaths have been reduced by 69% since the peak in 2004 and by 51% since 2010.

• #5 HIV data and statistics

  https://www.who.int/teams/global-hiv-hepatitis-and-stis-programmes/hiv/strategic-information/hiv-data-and-statistics

  An estimated 39.9 million [36.144.6 million] people were living with HIV at the end of 2023, of which 1.4 million [1.11.7 million] children (0-14 years old) and 38.6 [34.943.1 million] adults (15+ years old). […] 1.3 million [1.01.7 million] people acquired HIV in 2023. Since 2010, the number of people acquiring HIV has been reduced by 39%, from 2.1 million [1.72.7 million]. […] In 2023, 630 000 [500 000820 000] people died from HIV-related causes globally. Since 2010, HIV-related deaths have been reduced by 51%, from 1.3 million [1.0 million1.7 million]. The global HIV epidemic claimed 69% fewer lives in 2023 since the peak in 2004. […] HIV continues to be a major global public health issue, claiming 42.3 million [35.751.1 million] lives so far. […] In 2023, 86% [6998%] of people living with HIV knew their status. […] In 2023, 30.7 million people, or 77% [6189%] of people living with HIV were receiving antiretroviral therapy globally. […] In 2023, 72% [6580%] of people living with HIV had suppressed viral loads.

• #6 Global HIV & AIDS statistics — Fact sheet | UNAIDS

  https://www.unaids.org/en/resources/fact-sheet

  39.9 million [36.1 million44.6 million] people globally were living with HIV in 2023. […] 1.3 million [1 million1.7 million] people became newly infected with HIV in 2023. […] 630 000 [500 000820 000] people died from AIDS-related illnesses in 2023. […] 30.7 million people [2731.9 million] were accessing antiretroviral therapy in 2023. […] 88.4 million [71.3 million112.8 million] people have become infected with HIV since the start of the epidemic. […] 42.3 million [35.7 million51.1 million] people have died from AIDS-related illnesses since the start of the epidemic. […] In 2023, 1.3 million [1 million1.7 million] people were newly infected with HIV, compared to 3.3 million [2.6 million4.2 million] people in 1995. […] AIDS-related deaths have been reduced by 69% since the peak in 2004 and by 51% since 2010.

• #7 HIV data and statistics

  https://www.who.int/teams/global-hiv-hepatitis-and-stis-programmes/hiv/strategic-information/hiv-data-and-statistics

  An estimated 39.9 million [36.144.6 million] people were living with HIV at the end of 2023, of which 1.4 million [1.11.7 million] children (0-14 years old) and 38.6 [34.943.1 million] adults (15+ years old). […] 1.3 million [1.01.7 million] people acquired HIV in 2023. Since 2010, the number of people acquiring HIV has been reduced by 39%, from 2.1 million [1.72.7 million]. […] In 2023, 630 000 [500 000820 000] people died from HIV-related causes globally. Since 2010, HIV-related deaths have been reduced by 51%, from 1.3 million [1.0 million1.7 million]. The global HIV epidemic claimed 69% fewer lives in 2023 since the peak in 2004. […] HIV continues to be a major global public health issue, claiming 42.3 million [35.751.1 million] lives so far. […] In 2023, 86% [6998%] of people living with HIV knew their status. […] In 2023, 30.7 million people, or 77% [6189%] of people living with HIV were receiving antiretroviral therapy globally. […] In 2023, 72% [6580%] of people living with HIV had suppressed viral loads.

• #8 Global HIV & AIDS statistics — Fact sheet | UNAIDS

  https://www.unaids.org/en/resources/fact-sheet

  In 2023, around 630 000 [500 000820 000] people died from AIDS-related illnesses worldwide, compared to 2.1 million [1.6 million2.7 million] people in 2004 and 1.3 million [1 million1.7 million] people in 2010. […] The target for 2025 is fewer than 250 000. […] In 2023, someone died of HIV every minute. […] Globally 44% of all new HIV infections were among women and girls (all ages) in 2023. […] In sub-Saharan Africa, women and girls (all ages) accounted for 62% of all new HIV infections. […] Every week, 4000 adolescent girls and young women aged 1524 years became infected with HIV globally in 2023. […] In 2023, 86% [6998%] of all people living with HIV knew their HIV status. […] Among all people living with HIV, 86% [6998%] knew their status, 77% [6189%] were accessing treatment and 72% [6580%] were virally suppressed in 2023.

• #9 U.S. Statistics

  https://www.hiv.gov/hiv-basics/overview/data-and-trends/statistics

  Approximately 1.2 million people in the U.S. have HIV. About 13 percent of them don’t know it and need testing. […] In 2022, an estimated 31,800 people acquired HIV in the U.S. […] Estimated new HIV infections decreased 12% from 36,300 in 2018 to 31,800 in 2022. […] In 2022, 37,981 people aged 13 and older received an HIV diagnosis in the U.S. and 6 territories and freely associated states. […] HIV diagnoses are not evenly distributed across states and regions. The highest rates of new diagnoses continue to occur in the South. […] According to the latest estimates from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), approximately 31,800 people acquired HIV in the United States in 2022. […] CDC estimates show new HIV infections decreased 12% from 2018 (36,200) to 2022 (31,800).

• #10 Core Concepts – Epidemiology of HIV – Screening and Diagnosis – National HIV Curriculum

  https://www.hiv.uw.edu/go/screening-diagnosis/epidemiology/core-concept/all

  The estimated prevalence for the total number of persons with HIV in the United States takes into account the number with diagnosed HIV and the estimated number of persons living with undiagnosed HIV. For year-end 2021, the CDC estimated that approximately 1.2 million people 13 years of age and older were living with HIV in the United States; the exact estimate of 1,212,400 included 1,058,900 persons with diagnosed HIV and 153,500 with undiagnosed HIV. […] The CDC annually provides updated information on new diagnoses of HIV in the United States. Note that new HIV diagnoses describe people diagnosed with HIV during a 1-year period. Thus, new HIV diagnoses are not the same as new HIV infections (HIV incidence), since a significant proportion of persons newly diagnosed with HIV may have acquired HIV years prior to their HIV diagnosis.

• #11 U.S. Statistics

  https://www.hiv.gov/hiv-basics/overview/data-and-trends/statistics

  Approximately 1.2 million people in the U.S. have HIV. About 13 percent of them don’t know it and need testing. […] In 2022, an estimated 31,800 people acquired HIV in the U.S. […] Estimated new HIV infections decreased 12% from 36,300 in 2018 to 31,800 in 2022. […] In 2022, 37,981 people aged 13 and older received an HIV diagnosis in the U.S. and 6 territories and freely associated states. […] HIV diagnoses are not evenly distributed across states and regions. The highest rates of new diagnoses continue to occur in the South. […] According to the latest estimates from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), approximately 31,800 people acquired HIV in the United States in 2022. […] CDC estimates show new HIV infections decreased 12% from 2018 (36,200) to 2022 (31,800).

• #12 CDC Publishes New HIV Surveillance Reports | CDC NCHHSTP

  https://www.cdc.gov/nchhstp/director-letters/cdc-publishes-new-hiv-surveillance-reports.html

  CDC publishes 3 new HIV surveillance reports. […] Today, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) published three new HIV surveillance reports: Estimated HIV Incidence and Prevalence in the United States, 2018-2022; Monitoring Selected National HIV Prevention and Care Objectives by Using HIV Surveillance Data, United States and 6 Territories and Freely Associated States, 2022; and Diagnoses, Deaths, and Prevalence of HIV in the United States and 6 Territories and Freely Associated States, 2022. […] These data can assist HIV prevention partners in focusing prevention efforts, allocating resources, monitoring trends, and determining gaps and successes in HIV prevention. […] The new HIV incidence estimates show that national prevention efforts are continuing to move in the right direction overall, although substantial disparities exist.

• #13 U.S. Statistics

  https://www.hiv.gov/hiv-basics/overview/data-and-trends/statistics

  Approximately 1.2 million people in the U.S. have HIV. About 13 percent of them don’t know it and need testing. […] In 2022, an estimated 31,800 people acquired HIV in the U.S. […] Estimated new HIV infections decreased 12% from 36,300 in 2018 to 31,800 in 2022. […] In 2022, 37,981 people aged 13 and older received an HIV diagnosis in the U.S. and 6 territories and freely associated states. […] HIV diagnoses are not evenly distributed across states and regions. The highest rates of new diagnoses continue to occur in the South. […] According to the latest estimates from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), approximately 31,800 people acquired HIV in the United States in 2022. […] CDC estimates show new HIV infections decreased 12% from 2018 (36,200) to 2022 (31,800).

• #14 CDC Publishes New HIV Surveillance Reports | CDC NCHHSTP

  https://www.cdc.gov/nchhstp/director-letters/cdc-publishes-new-hiv-surveillance-reports.html

  In 2022, in the United States and 6 territories and freely associated states, there were 38,043 HIV diagnoses, more than half of which (52%) occurred among people living in the South. […] Overall, data from these reports demonstrate that expanding the reach of HIV testing, PrEP, and treatment have been effective but our reach must extend even further, and progress must be faster, to achieve our national goal of ending new HIV infections in the United States.

• #15 The HIV/AIDS Epidemic in the United States: The Basics | KFF

  https://www.kff.org/hivaids/fact-sheet/the-hiv-aids-epidemic-in-the-united-states-the-basics/

  Number of estimated new HIV infections: 31,800 […] Number of estimated people living with HIV: 1.2 million […] Estimated percent of people with HIV who dont know it: 13% […] Estimated percent of people with HIV virally suppressed: 57% […] The first cases of what would later become known as AIDS were reported in the United States (U.S.) in June of 1981. Today, there are more than 1.2 million people estimated to be living with HIV in the U.S. and there are an estimated 31,800 new infections (cases among people who are both diagnosed and undiagnosed) in 2022. […] HIV continues to have a disproportionate impact on certain populations, particularly people of color, gay and bisexual men and other men who have sex with men, and transgender women. […] HIV testing is important for both treatment and prevention efforts. While knowledge of HIV status is growing, in 2022, an estimated 13% of those with HIV were unaware they were HIV-positive.

• #16 U.S. Statistics

  https://www.hiv.gov/hiv-basics/overview/data-and-trends/statistics

  In 2022, there were 31,800 estimated new HIV infections in the U.S. and the rate was 11.3 (per 100,000 people). […] MSM accounted for 67% (21,400) of the 31,800 estimated new HIV infections in 2022 and 87% of estimated infections among all males. […] In 2022, 37,981 people aged 13 and older received an HIV diagnosis in the U.S. and 6 territories and freely associated states. […] By region of residence, HIV diagnoses are not evenly distributed regionally. In 2022, among all persons newly diagnosed with HIV, 52% (19,793) lived in the South.

• #17 The HIV/AIDS Epidemic in the United States: The Basics | KFF

  https://www.kff.org/hivaids/fact-sheet/the-hiv-aids-epidemic-in-the-united-states-the-basics/

  Yet, there have been some promising trends, as the number of new HIV infections (among those diagnosed and undiagnosed) declined by an estimated 76% between 1984 and 2022 and by 19% more recently (between 2010 and 2022). […] In 2022, most newly diagnosed cases of HIV occurred among gay and bisexual men and other men who have sex with men (67%). […] HIV testing is important for both treatment and prevention efforts and rapid testing is now more widely available. […] PrEP is a safe and highly effective preventive medication that reduces the risk of acquiring HIV through sex by 99% and injection drug use by 74% when taken as prescribed. […] Annual HIV diagnoses have declined by 12% between 2010 and 2022. […] People of color have been disproportionately affected by HIV/AIDS since the beginning of the epidemic, and represent the majority of new HIV diagnoses, people living with HIV disease, and deaths among people with HIV.

• #18 Epidemiology of HIV Infection in the United States: Implications for Linkage to Care

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3106255/

  While blacks/African Americans account for only 12% of the United States (US) population, they represented 46% of all people living with HIV in the United States in 2006, compared with whites (35%), Hispanic/Latino persons (18%), and others (2%). […] Black/African American males also bear the greatest burden of new HIV infection. […] In 2006, the diagnosis rate of new HIV infection for all black males in 22 states was 6 times that for white males, more than twice the rate for Hispanic males, and more than twice the rate for black females. […] The breakdown of incidence by race/ethnicity using the back-calculation model is shown in Figure 2. […] In 2006, men made up three-quarters of the people in the United States living with HIV and women made up one-quarter. […] The distribution of new infections differs for males and females by race.

• #19 The HIV/AIDS Epidemic in the United States: The Basics | KFF

  https://www.kff.org/hivaids/fact-sheet/the-hiv-aids-epidemic-in-the-united-states-the-basics/

  In 2022, Black adults and adolescents also had the highest rate of new HIV diagnoses (41.6 per 100,000), followed by Latino people (23.4). […] In 2022, 22% of all people living with HIV (268,800) were estimated to be women. […] Teens and young adults continue to be at higher risk for HIV than other age groups, with those under 35 accounting for 56% of HIV diagnoses in 2022. […] Male-to-male sexual contact accounts for most HIV diagnoses (71% in 2022) and men who have sex with men account for most people living with HIV (63% in 2022). […] In FY 2022, U.S. federal funding to combat HIV in the U.S. was estimated to be $35.8 billion. […] The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) leads U.S. surveillance and prevention activities, which are carried out in conjunction with state and local health departments.

• #20 The HIV/AIDS Epidemic in the United States: The Basics | KFF

  https://www.kff.org/hivaids/fact-sheet/the-hiv-aids-epidemic-in-the-united-states-the-basics/

  In 2022, Black adults and adolescents also had the highest rate of new HIV diagnoses (41.6 per 100,000), followed by Latino people (23.4). […] In 2022, 22% of all people living with HIV (268,800) were estimated to be women. […] Teens and young adults continue to be at higher risk for HIV than other age groups, with those under 35 accounting for 56% of HIV diagnoses in 2022. […] Male-to-male sexual contact accounts for most HIV diagnoses (71% in 2022) and men who have sex with men account for most people living with HIV (63% in 2022). […] In FY 2022, U.S. federal funding to combat HIV in the U.S. was estimated to be $35.8 billion. […] The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) leads U.S. surveillance and prevention activities, which are carried out in conjunction with state and local health departments.

• #21 Epidemiology of HIV Infection in the United States: Implications for Linkage to Care

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3106255/

  The estimated numbers of new HIV cases diagnosed in the 50 states and the District of Columbia in 2006 stratified by age at time of diagnosis are shown in Table 1. […] Although HIV continues to be an epidemic primarily of young people, in recent years the number of persons aged 50 years living with HIV/AIDS has significantly increased. […] Nearly half of all people living with HIV in the United States in 2006 were men who have sex with men (MSM). […] High-risk heterosexual contact accounted for 31% of estimated new HIV infections in 2006. […] The CDC also updated its estimates of the percentage of individuals infected with HIV who were unaware of their infection. […] This new analysis indicates that 1 in 5 people living with HIV in 2006 were unaware of their infection. […] In summary, the HIV epidemic in the United States has not abated. Contemporary antiretroviral therapy does prolong life, and the prevalence of HIV-infected individuals in the United States is higher than ever before.

• #22 HIV Surveillance

  https://dph.illinois.gov/topics-services/diseases-and-conditions/hiv-aids/hiv-surveillance.html

  Surveillance is the ongoing, systematic collection, analysis, interpretation, and dissemination of data regarding a health-related event. HIV surveillance collects, analyzes, and disseminates information about new and existing cases of HIV infection (regardless of stage of disease and including AIDS). The ultimate goal of the Illinois HIV Surveillance Program is to provide a comprehensive picture of the HIV epidemic in order to support prevention and health service activities delivered by the Department of Public Health and a statewide system of healthcare and social service organizations. […] State regulations identify HIV and AIDS as reportable diseases and mandate that healthcare professionals licensed by the Department report HIV and AIDS cases. Effective January 1, 2006, cases of HIV infection must be reported by name to the HIV Surveillance Program at the Illinois Department of Public Health. AIDS cases have been reported to the Illinois Department of Public Health (IDPH) this way since 1981. Every healthcare professional must report each case in which the healthcare professional has diagnosed or treated a case of AIDS or HIV infection.

• #23 National HIV Surveillance System (NHSS) | HIV Data | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/hiv-data/nhss/index.html

  The National HIV Surveillance System (NHSS) is the primary source of HIV data for monitoring cases of HIV infection in the United States and 6 U.S. territories and freely associated states (American Samoa, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, Republic of Palau, U.S. Virgin Islands). […] Surveillance programs of local, territorial, and state health departments gather information on demographic characteristics (sex assigned at birth, gender, race/ethnicity, age, and place of diagnosis), transmission category (mode of exposure), and all test results indicative of HIV infection and for monitoring stage of disease (viral load and CD4 count and percent). […] Data are used to monitor the distribution and transmission of HIV, plan and evaluate prevention and care programs, allocate resources, inform policy development, and identify and respond to rapid transmission of HIV. […] For the most up-to-date technical notes for HIV surveillance and monitoring, see the Technical Notes in the NCHHSTP Atlas Plus. […] Learn about HIV data systems, various HIV data trends in the United States, as well as how data is used to analyze and prevent further HIV transmission.

• #24 National HIV Surveillance System (NHSS) | HIV Data | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/hiv-data/nhss/index.html

  The National HIV Surveillance System (NHSS) is the primary source of HIV data for monitoring cases of HIV infection in the United States and 6 U.S. territories and freely associated states (American Samoa, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, Republic of Palau, U.S. Virgin Islands). […] Surveillance programs of local, territorial, and state health departments gather information on demographic characteristics (sex assigned at birth, gender, race/ethnicity, age, and place of diagnosis), transmission category (mode of exposure), and all test results indicative of HIV infection and for monitoring stage of disease (viral load and CD4 count and percent). […] Data are used to monitor the distribution and transmission of HIV, plan and evaluate prevention and care programs, allocate resources, inform policy development, and identify and respond to rapid transmission of HIV. […] For the most up-to-date technical notes for HIV surveillance and monitoring, see the Technical Notes in the NCHHSTP Atlas Plus. […] Learn about HIV data systems, various HIV data trends in the United States, as well as how data is used to analyze and prevent further HIV transmission.

• #25 National HIV Surveillance System (NHSS) | HIV Data | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/hiv-data/nhss/index.html

  The National HIV Surveillance System (NHSS) is the primary source of HIV data for monitoring cases of HIV infection in the United States and 6 U.S. territories and freely associated states (American Samoa, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, Republic of Palau, U.S. Virgin Islands). […] Surveillance programs of local, territorial, and state health departments gather information on demographic characteristics (sex assigned at birth, gender, race/ethnicity, age, and place of diagnosis), transmission category (mode of exposure), and all test results indicative of HIV infection and for monitoring stage of disease (viral load and CD4 count and percent). […] Data are used to monitor the distribution and transmission of HIV, plan and evaluate prevention and care programs, allocate resources, inform policy development, and identify and respond to rapid transmission of HIV. […] For the most up-to-date technical notes for HIV surveillance and monitoring, see the Technical Notes in the NCHHSTP Atlas Plus. […] Learn about HIV data systems, various HIV data trends in the United States, as well as how data is used to analyze and prevent further HIV transmission.

• #26 HIV Surveillance

  https://dph.illinois.gov/topics-services/diseases-and-conditions/hiv-aids/hiv-surveillance.html

  Surveillance is the ongoing, systematic collection, analysis, interpretation, and dissemination of data regarding a health-related event. HIV surveillance collects, analyzes, and disseminates information about new and existing cases of HIV infection (regardless of stage of disease and including AIDS). The ultimate goal of the Illinois HIV Surveillance Program is to provide a comprehensive picture of the HIV epidemic in order to support prevention and health service activities delivered by the Department of Public Health and a statewide system of healthcare and social service organizations. […] State regulations identify HIV and AIDS as reportable diseases and mandate that healthcare professionals licensed by the Department report HIV and AIDS cases. Effective January 1, 2006, cases of HIV infection must be reported by name to the HIV Surveillance Program at the Illinois Department of Public Health. AIDS cases have been reported to the Illinois Department of Public Health (IDPH) this way since 1981. Every healthcare professional must report each case in which the healthcare professional has diagnosed or treated a case of AIDS or HIV infection.

• #27 HIV Epidemiology Unit | Georgia Department of Public Health

  https://dph.georgia.gov/epidemiology/georgias-hivaids-epidemiology-section

  The HIV Epidemiology Section at the Georgia Department of Public Health, is responsible for managing the state HIV surveillance system and conducting HIV surveillance, and other HIV-related epidemiologic activities that provide more in depth information on those disproportionately affected by HIV. […] The data collected are used to describe and monitor the epidemic in Georgia, to guide data-driven planning and resource allocation, as well as to evaluate the effectiveness and impact of prevention programs and care treatment services. […] The HIV Epidemiology Section is authorized under Georgia Surveillance Law (O.C.G.A. 31-12-2) to conduct notifiable disease surveillance of HIV. […] Public health surveillance activities are not subject to HIPAA restrictions. […] Georgia has a dual reporting system that legally requires HIV reporting by both health care providers and laboratories.

• #28 National HIV Surveillance System (NHSS) – Healthy People 2030 | odphp.health.gov

  https://odphp.health.gov/healthypeople/objectives-and-data/data-sources-and-methods/data-sources/national-hiv-surveillance-system-nhss

  The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) collects, analyzes, and disseminates surveillance data on HIV infection and AIDS; these data are the nations source of timely information on the burden of HIV infection. […] HIV surveillance data are used by CDCs public health partners in other federal agencies, health departments, nonprofit organizations, and academic institutions to help target prevention efforts, plan for services, and develop policy. […] HIV case surveillance activities allow jurisdictions to monitor HIV disease progression and utilization of care services through the ongoing collection of data on laboratory test results (viral load and CD4 counts), opportunistic infections and illnesses, and vital status. […] Although reporting of HIV cases to CDC is voluntary, it is essential to the nationwide aggregation and monitoring of the burden of disease.

• #29 National HIV Surveillance System (NHSS) – Healthy People 2030 | odphp.health.gov

  https://odphp.health.gov/healthypeople/objectives-and-data/data-sources-and-methods/data-sources/national-hiv-surveillance-system-nhss

  HIV surveillance consists of the reporting of all cases of confirmed HIV infection. […] Based on annual standard evaluation results, the completeness of reporting of HIV infection, as of December 2018, is estimated to be at least 85% in all but 3 jurisdictions. […] Data on diagnoses of HIV infection. HIV surveillance reports may not be representative of all persons with HIV because not all infected persons have been (1) tested or (2) tested at a time when the infection could be detected and diagnosed. […] Monitoring viral suppression and knowledge of status is dependent upon complete death ascertainment conducted by HIV surveillance programs for reporting to CDC.

• #30 CDC Publishes New HIV Surveillance Reports | CDC NCHHSTP

  https://www.cdc.gov/nchhstp/director-letters/cdc-publishes-new-hiv-surveillance-reports.html

  CDC publishes 3 new HIV surveillance reports. […] Today, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) published three new HIV surveillance reports: Estimated HIV Incidence and Prevalence in the United States, 2018-2022; Monitoring Selected National HIV Prevention and Care Objectives by Using HIV Surveillance Data, United States and 6 Territories and Freely Associated States, 2022; and Diagnoses, Deaths, and Prevalence of HIV in the United States and 6 Territories and Freely Associated States, 2022. […] These data can assist HIV prevention partners in focusing prevention efforts, allocating resources, monitoring trends, and determining gaps and successes in HIV prevention. […] The new HIV incidence estimates show that national prevention efforts are continuing to move in the right direction overall, although substantial disparities exist.

• #31 HIV Epidemiology Unit | Georgia Department of Public Health

  https://dph.georgia.gov/epidemiology/georgias-hivaids-epidemiology-section

  All health care providers diagnosing and/or providing care to a patient with HIV have the obligation to report them. […] The main activities conducted by the HIV Epidemiology Section are: Case Surveillance involves ongoing collection of demographic information, HIV care-related tests, and ascertainment of vital status through matches with vital registry data. […] The HIV Care Continuum is a method of estimating the proportion of persons living with HIV in a given area who are actively receiving HIV care and who are virally suppressed based on viral load tests and CD4 counts reported by laboratories. […] The Georgia HIV Behavioral Surveillance (NHBS) is a surveillance system designed to learn more about populations disproportionately affected by HIV.

• #32 HIV data and statistics

  https://www.who.int/teams/global-hiv-hepatitis-and-stis-programmes/hiv/strategic-information/hiv-data-and-statistics

  An estimated 39.9 million [36.144.6 million] people were living with HIV at the end of 2023, of which 1.4 million [1.11.7 million] children (0-14 years old) and 38.6 [34.943.1 million] adults (15+ years old). […] 1.3 million [1.01.7 million] people acquired HIV in 2023. Since 2010, the number of people acquiring HIV has been reduced by 39%, from 2.1 million [1.72.7 million]. […] In 2023, 630 000 [500 000820 000] people died from HIV-related causes globally. Since 2010, HIV-related deaths have been reduced by 51%, from 1.3 million [1.0 million1.7 million]. The global HIV epidemic claimed 69% fewer lives in 2023 since the peak in 2004. […] HIV continues to be a major global public health issue, claiming 42.3 million [35.751.1 million] lives so far. […] In 2023, 86% [6998%] of people living with HIV knew their status. […] In 2023, 30.7 million people, or 77% [6189%] of people living with HIV were receiving antiretroviral therapy globally. […] In 2023, 72% [6580%] of people living with HIV had suppressed viral loads.

• #33 Global HIV & AIDS statistics — Fact sheet | UNAIDS

  https://www.unaids.org/en/resources/fact-sheet

  In 2023, around 630 000 [500 000820 000] people died from AIDS-related illnesses worldwide, compared to 2.1 million [1.6 million2.7 million] people in 2004 and 1.3 million [1 million1.7 million] people in 2010. […] The target for 2025 is fewer than 250 000. […] In 2023, someone died of HIV every minute. […] Globally 44% of all new HIV infections were among women and girls (all ages) in 2023. […] In sub-Saharan Africa, women and girls (all ages) accounted for 62% of all new HIV infections. […] Every week, 4000 adolescent girls and young women aged 1524 years became infected with HIV globally in 2023. […] In 2023, 86% [6998%] of all people living with HIV knew their HIV status. […] Among all people living with HIV, 86% [6998%] knew their status, 77% [6189%] were accessing treatment and 72% [6580%] were virally suppressed in 2023.

• #34 CDC Publishes New HIV Surveillance Reports | CDC NCHHSTP

  https://www.cdc.gov/nchhstp/director-letters/cdc-publishes-new-hiv-surveillance-reports.html

  In 2022, HIV incidence in Ending the HIV Epidemic (EHE) (phase I) jurisdictions decreased 21% among persons aged 13 years, compared with the 2017 EHE baseline year. […] Although data demonstrate continued progress in HIV prevention, longstanding social and economic factors continue to contribute to health inequities particularly among Black/African American (hereafter referred to as Black) persons and Hispanic/Latino persons. […] It is estimated that 1.2 million persons in the United States were living with diagnosed and undiagnosed HIV at the end of 2022. […] Among persons who received diagnoses of HIV infection during 2022, 82% were linked to care within one month of diagnosis. […] To meet national HIV goals and ensure that all persons with diagnosed HIV receive high quality care and treatment, prevention efforts must address the drivers of social inequities and other barriers to care that cause and exacerbate health disparities.

• #35 The HIV/AIDS Epidemic in the United States: The Basics | KFF

  https://www.kff.org/hivaids/fact-sheet/the-hiv-aids-epidemic-in-the-united-states-the-basics/

  Number of estimated new HIV infections: 31,800 […] Number of estimated people living with HIV: 1.2 million […] Estimated percent of people with HIV who dont know it: 13% […] Estimated percent of people with HIV virally suppressed: 57% […] The first cases of what would later become known as AIDS were reported in the United States (U.S.) in June of 1981. Today, there are more than 1.2 million people estimated to be living with HIV in the U.S. and there are an estimated 31,800 new infections (cases among people who are both diagnosed and undiagnosed) in 2022. […] HIV continues to have a disproportionate impact on certain populations, particularly people of color, gay and bisexual men and other men who have sex with men, and transgender women. […] HIV testing is important for both treatment and prevention efforts. While knowledge of HIV status is growing, in 2022, an estimated 13% of those with HIV were unaware they were HIV-positive.

• #36 Epidemiology of HIV Infection in the United States: Implications for Linkage to Care

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3106255/

  The epidemiology of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in the United States has changed significantly over the past 30 years. HIV/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is currently a disease of greater demographic diversity, affecting all ages, sexes, and races, and involving multiple transmission risk behaviors. At least 50,000 new HIV infections will continue to be added each year; however, one-fifth of persons with new infections may not know they are infected, and a substantial proportion of those who know they are infected are not engaged in HIV care. […] The epidemiology of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in the United States has changed significantly from the early 1980s when it began as an epidemic predominantly in young, white, middle-class men who have sex with men (MSM) and who resided principally in a few of the larger West and East Coast cities.

• #37 Epidemiology of HIV Infection in the United States: Implications for Linkage to Care

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3106255/

  The epidemiology of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in the United States has changed significantly over the past 30 years. HIV/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is currently a disease of greater demographic diversity, affecting all ages, sexes, and races, and involving multiple transmission risk behaviors. At least 50,000 new HIV infections will continue to be added each year; however, one-fifth of persons with new infections may not know they are infected, and a substantial proportion of those who know they are infected are not engaged in HIV care. […] The epidemiology of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in the United States has changed significantly from the early 1980s when it began as an epidemic predominantly in young, white, middle-class men who have sex with men (MSM) and who resided principally in a few of the larger West and East Coast cities.

• #38 Epidemiology of HIV/AIDS – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epidemiology_of_HIV/AIDS

  The global pandemic of HIV/AIDS (human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) began in 1981, and is an ongoing worldwide public health issue. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), by 2023, HIV/AIDS had killed approximately 40.4 million people, and approximately 39 million people were infected with HIV globally. Of these, 29.8 million people (75%) are receiving antiretroviral treatment. There were about 630,000 deaths from HIV/AIDS in 2022. The 2015 Global Burden of Disease Study estimated that the global incidence of HIV infection peaked in 1997 at 3.3 million per year. Global incidence fell rapidly from 1997 to 2005, to about 2.6 million per year. Incidence of HIV has continued to fall, decreasing by 23% from 2010 to 2020, with progress dominated by decreases in Eastern Africa and Southern Africa. As of 2023, there are about 1.3 million new infections of HIV per year globally.

• #39 1. Origin and Epidemiology of HIV/AIDS | ATrain Education

  https://www.atrainceu.com/content/1-origin-and-epidemiology-hivaids

  UNAIDS reports that reaching Fast-Track Targets will avert nearly 28 million new HIV infections and end the AIDS epidemic as a global health threat by 2030. […] Clinically, AIDS was first recognized in the United States in 1981. In 1983 HIV was discovered to be the cause of AIDS. Since then, the number of AIDS cases has continued to increase both in the United States and in other countries. […] HIV and AIDS cases are reportable; each state has its own laws and healthcare workers must be familiar with those of the state in which they are licensed. […] The discovery of combination antiviral drug therapies in 1996 resulted in a dramatic decrease in the number of deaths due to AIDS among people given the drug therapies. […] The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimate that 1.2 million people aged 13 years and older are living with HIV infection, including 168,000 (14%) who are unaware of their infection.

• #40 Epidemiology of HIV/AIDS – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epidemiology_of_HIV/AIDS

  In some countries, HIV disproportionately affects certain key populations (sex workers and their clients, men who have sex with men, people who inject drugs, and transgender people) and their sexual partners. In Sub-Saharan Africa, 63% of new infections are women, with young women (aged 15 to 24 years) twice as likely as men of the same age to be living with HIV. In Western Europe and North America, men who have sex with men account for almost two thirds of new HIV infections. […] According to the WHO, the prevalence of HIV in the Africa Region was estimated at 1.1 million people as of 2018. The African Region accounts for two thirds of the incidence of HIV around the world. Sub-Saharan Africa is the region most affected by HIV. As of 2020, more than two thirds of those living with HIV are living in Africa. HIV rates have been decreasing in the region: From 2010 to 2020, new infections in eastern and southern Africa fell by 38%. Still, South Africa has the largest population of people with HIV of any country in the world, at 8.45 million, 13.9% of the population as of 2022. […] Most people in North America and western and central Europe with HIV are able to access treatment and live long and healthy lives. Annual AIDS deaths have been continually declining since 2005 as antiretroviral therapy has become more widely available.

• #41 Epidemiology of HIV/AIDS – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epidemiology_of_HIV/AIDS

  In some countries, HIV disproportionately affects certain key populations (sex workers and their clients, men who have sex with men, people who inject drugs, and transgender people) and their sexual partners. In Sub-Saharan Africa, 63% of new infections are women, with young women (aged 15 to 24 years) twice as likely as men of the same age to be living with HIV. In Western Europe and North America, men who have sex with men account for almost two thirds of new HIV infections. […] According to the WHO, the prevalence of HIV in the Africa Region was estimated at 1.1 million people as of 2018. The African Region accounts for two thirds of the incidence of HIV around the world. Sub-Saharan Africa is the region most affected by HIV. As of 2020, more than two thirds of those living with HIV are living in Africa. HIV rates have been decreasing in the region: From 2010 to 2020, new infections in eastern and southern Africa fell by 38%. Still, South Africa has the largest population of people with HIV of any country in the world, at 8.45 million, 13.9% of the population as of 2022. […] Most people in North America and western and central Europe with HIV are able to access treatment and live long and healthy lives. Annual AIDS deaths have been continually declining since 2005 as antiretroviral therapy has become more widely available.

• #42 Epidemiology of HIV/AIDS – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epidemiology_of_HIV/AIDS

  In some countries, HIV disproportionately affects certain key populations (sex workers and their clients, men who have sex with men, people who inject drugs, and transgender people) and their sexual partners. In Sub-Saharan Africa, 63% of new infections are women, with young women (aged 15 to 24 years) twice as likely as men of the same age to be living with HIV. In Western Europe and North America, men who have sex with men account for almost two thirds of new HIV infections. […] According to the WHO, the prevalence of HIV in the Africa Region was estimated at 1.1 million people as of 2018. The African Region accounts for two thirds of the incidence of HIV around the world. Sub-Saharan Africa is the region most affected by HIV. As of 2020, more than two thirds of those living with HIV are living in Africa. HIV rates have been decreasing in the region: From 2010 to 2020, new infections in eastern and southern Africa fell by 38%. Still, South Africa has the largest population of people with HIV of any country in the world, at 8.45 million, 13.9% of the population as of 2022. […] Most people in North America and western and central Europe with HIV are able to access treatment and live long and healthy lives. Annual AIDS deaths have been continually declining since 2005 as antiretroviral therapy has become more widely available.

• #43 HIV surveillance

  https://www.who.int/teams/global-hiv-hepatitis-and-stis-programmes/hiv/strategic-information/hiv-surveillance

  Understanding trends in HIV data is a cornerstone of the public health response to HIV. HIV surveillance brings together information from a range of sources to: estimate how many people are living with HIV; understand who is being infected and why; and assess the impact of HIV prevention, testing, and treatment services across different population groups. […] This ongoing collection, analysis and dissemination of HIV data provides evidence for decision-making. It also tracks national and global progress towards the United Nations target to end the AIDS epidemic by 2030. […] WHO provides support to Member States by characterizing the current epidemiology of HIV, reviewing surveillance approaches and methods, and producing strategic information guidelines. […] These guidelines consolidate guidance on monitoring systems for patients and all cases of HIV as part of public health surveillance. They recommend the integration of related infections into HIV surveillance systems. […] This document is written for national HIV surveillance programme staff responsible for monitoring trends in country HIV epidemics. Its purpose is to describe guidelines for conducting HIV surveillance among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics based on routine programme data.

• #44 HIV surveillance

  https://www.who.int/teams/global-hiv-hepatitis-and-stis-programmes/hiv/strategic-information/hiv-surveillance

  Understanding trends in HIV data is a cornerstone of the public health response to HIV. HIV surveillance brings together information from a range of sources to: estimate how many people are living with HIV; understand who is being infected and why; and assess the impact of HIV prevention, testing, and treatment services across different population groups. […] This ongoing collection, analysis and dissemination of HIV data provides evidence for decision-making. It also tracks national and global progress towards the United Nations target to end the AIDS epidemic by 2030. […] WHO provides support to Member States by characterizing the current epidemiology of HIV, reviewing surveillance approaches and methods, and producing strategic information guidelines. […] These guidelines consolidate guidance on monitoring systems for patients and all cases of HIV as part of public health surveillance. They recommend the integration of related infections into HIV surveillance systems. […] This document is written for national HIV surveillance programme staff responsible for monitoring trends in country HIV epidemics. Its purpose is to describe guidelines for conducting HIV surveillance among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics based on routine programme data.

• #45 HIV surveillance

  https://www.who.int/teams/global-hiv-hepatitis-and-stis-programmes/hiv/strategic-information/hiv-surveillance

  Understanding trends in HIV data is a cornerstone of the public health response to HIV. HIV surveillance brings together information from a range of sources to: estimate how many people are living with HIV; understand who is being infected and why; and assess the impact of HIV prevention, testing, and treatment services across different population groups. […] This ongoing collection, analysis and dissemination of HIV data provides evidence for decision-making. It also tracks national and global progress towards the United Nations target to end the AIDS epidemic by 2030. […] WHO provides support to Member States by characterizing the current epidemiology of HIV, reviewing surveillance approaches and methods, and producing strategic information guidelines. […] These guidelines consolidate guidance on monitoring systems for patients and all cases of HIV as part of public health surveillance. They recommend the integration of related infections into HIV surveillance systems. […] This document is written for national HIV surveillance programme staff responsible for monitoring trends in country HIV epidemics. Its purpose is to describe guidelines for conducting HIV surveillance among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics based on routine programme data.

• #46 3 Public Health and HIV/AIDS Surveillance | Measuring What Matters: Allocation, Planning, and Quality Assessment for the Ryan White CARE Act | The National Academies Press

  https://nap.nationalacademies.org/read/10855/chapter/5

  This chapter reviews public health surveillance, and HIV and AIDS case reporting, to provide context for the use of such information in Ryan White CARE Act (RWCA) funding formulas. […] This chapter focuses its discussion of HIV/AIDS surveillance on HIV/AIDS case reporting, because it is the predominant method of surveillance used by states to collect information about HIV infection and because it is the most relevant to the RWCA formulas. […] AIDS case reporting has been the cornerstone of efforts to monitor and track the HIV epidemic. […] By the end of 1983 most states required AIDS cases to be reported to public health officials. […] The system of AIDS reporting evolved over time, primarily through changes in the case definition to reflect growing clinical understanding of the disease and development of appropriate laboratory tests.

• #47 3 Public Health and HIV/AIDS Surveillance | Measuring What Matters: Allocation, Planning, and Quality Assessment for the Ryan White CARE Act | The National Academies Press

  https://nap.nationalacademies.org/read/10855/chapter/5

  This chapter reviews public health surveillance, and HIV and AIDS case reporting, to provide context for the use of such information in Ryan White CARE Act (RWCA) funding formulas. […] This chapter focuses its discussion of HIV/AIDS surveillance on HIV/AIDS case reporting, because it is the predominant method of surveillance used by states to collect information about HIV infection and because it is the most relevant to the RWCA formulas. […] AIDS case reporting has been the cornerstone of efforts to monitor and track the HIV epidemic. […] By the end of 1983 most states required AIDS cases to be reported to public health officials. […] The system of AIDS reporting evolved over time, primarily through changes in the case definition to reflect growing clinical understanding of the disease and development of appropriate laboratory tests.

• #48 3 Public Health and HIV/AIDS Surveillance | Measuring What Matters: Allocation, Planning, and Quality Assessment for the Ryan White CARE Act | The National Academies Press

  https://nap.nationalacademies.org/read/10855/chapter/5

  AIDS surveillance has been broadly accepted by the community of individuals living with HIV and AIDS. […] Due in large part to federal investments in state and local surveillance and strong active surveillance efforts, AIDS case reporting is among the most complete of all reportable diseases and conditions. […] Following the development of the first antibody test for HIV in 1985, states began to initiate reporting of HIV infection. […] Public health authorities justified reporting of HIV infection on several grounds. […] In the following years, CDC continued to press for name-based reporting of HIV cases, supported by a growing number of public health officials. […] As of October 2003, all states, territories, and cities except Georgia and Philadelphia have implemented a confidential HIV case-reporting system. […] As with any surveillance system, HIV and AIDS case reporting fulfills a number of purposes. […] The allocation of resources appropriated through the RWCA is an example of how information collected from a case-reporting system has been used for different purposes.

• #49 HIV Statistics and Research | Washington State Department of Health

  https://doh.wa.gov/data-and-statistical-reports/diseases-and-chronic-conditions/hiv-data

  The Washington State Department of Health works closely with local health jurisdictions to obtain demographic, behavioral, laboratory, clinical, as well as other service and referral information. This information is used to characterize PLWDH, including health and well-being, identify risk factors, calculate HIV diagnosis rates, monitor state and local HIV trends, and develop HIV-related estimates. […] Molecular HIV Surveillance (MHS) is an expanded surveillance activity funded by the CDC in 27 areas across the country, including Washington. […] HIV Incidence Surveillance (HIS) is an expanded HIV surveillance activity funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in 25 areas across the country, including Washington. […] The Medical Monitoring Project (MMP) is a supplemental surveillance activity funded by the CDC in 23 areas across the country, including Washington.

• #50 HIV Statistics and Research | Washington State Department of Health

  https://doh.wa.gov/data-and-statistical-reports/diseases-and-chronic-conditions/hiv-data

  The Washington State Department of Health works closely with local health jurisdictions to obtain demographic, behavioral, laboratory, clinical, as well as other service and referral information. This information is used to characterize PLWDH, including health and well-being, identify risk factors, calculate HIV diagnosis rates, monitor state and local HIV trends, and develop HIV-related estimates. […] Molecular HIV Surveillance (MHS) is an expanded surveillance activity funded by the CDC in 27 areas across the country, including Washington. […] HIV Incidence Surveillance (HIS) is an expanded HIV surveillance activity funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in 25 areas across the country, including Washington. […] The Medical Monitoring Project (MMP) is a supplemental surveillance activity funded by the CDC in 23 areas across the country, including Washington.

• #51 HIV/AIDS Statistics – MN Dept. of Health

  https://www.health.state.mn.us/diseases/hiv/stats/index.html

  HIV/AIDS Statistics – 2023 […] As part of the National HIV/AIDS Strategy for the United States, MDH has calculated an HIV care continuum using HIV surveillance data. These calculations help us better understand the HIV epidemic and the disparities that exist in the delivery of care among people living with HIV in Minnesota. […] State health departments are now required to collect HIV genetic sequences, analyze them to identify transmission clusters, and respond to prevent new infections. Molecular data involves using genetic sequences of HIV viruses to identify communities where HIV is spreading more quickly. […] Presentation summarizing surveillance data on mother-to-child HIV transmission in Minnesota. […] Provides an annual review of communicable disease occurrence in Minnesota, including STDs, HIV, and AIDS.

• #52 HIV Statistics and Research | Washington State Department of Health

  https://doh.wa.gov/data-and-statistical-reports/diseases-and-chronic-conditions/hiv-data

  The Washington State Department of Health works closely with local health jurisdictions to obtain demographic, behavioral, laboratory, clinical, as well as other service and referral information. This information is used to characterize PLWDH, including health and well-being, identify risk factors, calculate HIV diagnosis rates, monitor state and local HIV trends, and develop HIV-related estimates. […] Molecular HIV Surveillance (MHS) is an expanded surveillance activity funded by the CDC in 27 areas across the country, including Washington. […] HIV Incidence Surveillance (HIS) is an expanded HIV surveillance activity funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in 25 areas across the country, including Washington. […] The Medical Monitoring Project (MMP) is a supplemental surveillance activity funded by the CDC in 23 areas across the country, including Washington.

• #53 HIV Surveillance

  https://dph.illinois.gov/topics-services/diseases-and-conditions/hiv-aids/hiv-surveillance.html

  MMP provides valuable state and national estimates of healthcare utilization, quality of care, severity of need, and effectiveness of prevention messages. MMP data may help estimate resource needs for treatment and services for people living with HIV/AIDS. To be effective, programs must meet the current needs of the population. MMP data provide contextual information on prevention, care-seeking, treatment, and risk behaviors that can aid in the design and improvement of HIV programs. Information gathered for MMP will be used to help people living with HIV/AIDS. Results will be shared with HIV prevention community planning groups, Ryan White CARE Act advisory and planning councils, and with facilities that provide care for people living with HIV/AIDS. This information will be used to make evidence-based policy and funding decisions and to guide treatment services for people living with HIV/AIDS in Illinois and across the nation.

• #54 HIV Statistics and Research | Washington State Department of Health

  https://doh.wa.gov/data-and-statistical-reports/diseases-and-chronic-conditions/hiv-data

  The Washington State Department of Health works closely with local health jurisdictions to obtain demographic, behavioral, laboratory, clinical, as well as other service and referral information. This information is used to characterize PLWDH, including health and well-being, identify risk factors, calculate HIV diagnosis rates, monitor state and local HIV trends, and develop HIV-related estimates. […] Molecular HIV Surveillance (MHS) is an expanded surveillance activity funded by the CDC in 27 areas across the country, including Washington. […] HIV Incidence Surveillance (HIS) is an expanded HIV surveillance activity funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in 25 areas across the country, including Washington. […] The Medical Monitoring Project (MMP) is a supplemental surveillance activity funded by the CDC in 23 areas across the country, including Washington.

• #55 What’s New

  https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CID/DOA/Pages/OAsre.aspx

  The National HIV Behavioral Surveillance (NHBS) System is a national health survey that collects information on sexual risk, drug use, HIV testing behaviors, and HIV seroprevalence from populations at highest risk for HIV infectionmen who have sex with men, people who inject drugs and low-income heterosexual people. NHBS collects data from these populations each year on a rotating basis. NHBS is designed, coordinated, and funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

• #56 HIV Epidemiology Unit | Georgia Department of Public Health

  https://dph.georgia.gov/epidemiology/georgias-hivaids-epidemiology-section

  All health care providers diagnosing and/or providing care to a patient with HIV have the obligation to report them. […] The main activities conducted by the HIV Epidemiology Section are: Case Surveillance involves ongoing collection of demographic information, HIV care-related tests, and ascertainment of vital status through matches with vital registry data. […] The HIV Care Continuum is a method of estimating the proportion of persons living with HIV in a given area who are actively receiving HIV care and who are virally suppressed based on viral load tests and CD4 counts reported by laboratories. […] The Georgia HIV Behavioral Surveillance (NHBS) is a surveillance system designed to learn more about populations disproportionately affected by HIV.

• #57 National HIV Surveillance System (NHSS) – Healthy People 2030 | odphp.health.gov

  https://odphp.health.gov/healthypeople/objectives-and-data/data-sources-and-methods/data-sources/national-hiv-surveillance-system-nhss

  The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) collects, analyzes, and disseminates surveillance data on HIV infection and AIDS; these data are the nations source of timely information on the burden of HIV infection. […] HIV surveillance data are used by CDCs public health partners in other federal agencies, health departments, nonprofit organizations, and academic institutions to help target prevention efforts, plan for services, and develop policy. […] HIV case surveillance activities allow jurisdictions to monitor HIV disease progression and utilization of care services through the ongoing collection of data on laboratory test results (viral load and CD4 counts), opportunistic infections and illnesses, and vital status. […] Although reporting of HIV cases to CDC is voluntary, it is essential to the nationwide aggregation and monitoring of the burden of disease.

• #58 HIV Epidemiology Unit | Georgia Department of Public Health

  https://dph.georgia.gov/epidemiology/georgias-hivaids-epidemiology-section

  All health care providers diagnosing and/or providing care to a patient with HIV have the obligation to report them. […] The main activities conducted by the HIV Epidemiology Section are: Case Surveillance involves ongoing collection of demographic information, HIV care-related tests, and ascertainment of vital status through matches with vital registry data. […] The HIV Care Continuum is a method of estimating the proportion of persons living with HIV in a given area who are actively receiving HIV care and who are virally suppressed based on viral load tests and CD4 counts reported by laboratories. […] The Georgia HIV Behavioral Surveillance (NHBS) is a surveillance system designed to learn more about populations disproportionately affected by HIV.

• #59 HIV/AIDS Statistics – MN Dept. of Health

  https://www.health.state.mn.us/diseases/hiv/stats/index.html

  HIV/AIDS Statistics – 2023 […] As part of the National HIV/AIDS Strategy for the United States, MDH has calculated an HIV care continuum using HIV surveillance data. These calculations help us better understand the HIV epidemic and the disparities that exist in the delivery of care among people living with HIV in Minnesota. […] State health departments are now required to collect HIV genetic sequences, analyze them to identify transmission clusters, and respond to prevent new infections. Molecular data involves using genetic sequences of HIV viruses to identify communities where HIV is spreading more quickly. […] Presentation summarizing surveillance data on mother-to-child HIV transmission in Minnesota. […] Provides an annual review of communicable disease occurrence in Minnesota, including STDs, HIV, and AIDS.

• #60 National HIV Surveillance System (NHSS) – Healthy People 2030 | odphp.health.gov

  https://odphp.health.gov/healthypeople/objectives-and-data/data-sources-and-methods/data-sources/national-hiv-surveillance-system-nhss

  HIV surveillance consists of the reporting of all cases of confirmed HIV infection. […] Based on annual standard evaluation results, the completeness of reporting of HIV infection, as of December 2018, is estimated to be at least 85% in all but 3 jurisdictions. […] Data on diagnoses of HIV infection. HIV surveillance reports may not be representative of all persons with HIV because not all infected persons have been (1) tested or (2) tested at a time when the infection could be detected and diagnosed. […] Monitoring viral suppression and knowledge of status is dependent upon complete death ascertainment conducted by HIV surveillance programs for reporting to CDC.

• #61 National HIV Surveillance System (NHSS) – Healthy People 2030 | odphp.health.gov

  https://odphp.health.gov/healthypeople/objectives-and-data/data-sources-and-methods/data-sources/national-hiv-surveillance-system-nhss

  HIV surveillance consists of the reporting of all cases of confirmed HIV infection. […] Based on annual standard evaluation results, the completeness of reporting of HIV infection, as of December 2018, is estimated to be at least 85% in all but 3 jurisdictions. […] Data on diagnoses of HIV infection. HIV surveillance reports may not be representative of all persons with HIV because not all infected persons have been (1) tested or (2) tested at a time when the infection could be detected and diagnosed. […] Monitoring viral suppression and knowledge of status is dependent upon complete death ascertainment conducted by HIV surveillance programs for reporting to CDC.

• #62 Epidemiology of HIV Infection in the United States: Implications for Linkage to Care

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3106255/

  The new estimate does not reflect an increase in HIV incidence. In fact, the annual number of new HIV infections has been roughly stable since the late 1990s. […] High-risk behaviors among members of different risk groups, lack of awareness of HIV serostatus, and delay in presentation for HIV care may all be barriers to further decline in the incidence of new infections. […] Unlike the incidence, the overall HIV prevalence in the United States cannot be measured directly because an estimated 21% of persons infected with HIV have not been diagnosed. […] Based on 80% of states reporting name-based HIV diagnoses as of January 2006, the extended back-calculation method described above was used to estimate a prevalence of 1,106,400 persons in the United States living with HIV infection (prevalence rate, 447.8 per 100,000 population).

• #63 HIV surveillance

  https://www.who.int/teams/global-hiv-hepatitis-and-stis-programmes/hiv/strategic-information/hiv-surveillance

  Understanding trends in HIV data is a cornerstone of the public health response to HIV. HIV surveillance brings together information from a range of sources to: estimate how many people are living with HIV; understand who is being infected and why; and assess the impact of HIV prevention, testing, and treatment services across different population groups. […] This ongoing collection, analysis and dissemination of HIV data provides evidence for decision-making. It also tracks national and global progress towards the United Nations target to end the AIDS epidemic by 2030. […] WHO provides support to Member States by characterizing the current epidemiology of HIV, reviewing surveillance approaches and methods, and producing strategic information guidelines. […] These guidelines consolidate guidance on monitoring systems for patients and all cases of HIV as part of public health surveillance. They recommend the integration of related infections into HIV surveillance systems. […] This document is written for national HIV surveillance programme staff responsible for monitoring trends in country HIV epidemics. Its purpose is to describe guidelines for conducting HIV surveillance among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics based on routine programme data.

• #64 National HIV Surveillance System (NHSS) – Healthy People 2030 | odphp.health.gov

  https://odphp.health.gov/healthypeople/objectives-and-data/data-sources-and-methods/data-sources/national-hiv-surveillance-system-nhss

  The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) collects, analyzes, and disseminates surveillance data on HIV infection and AIDS; these data are the nations source of timely information on the burden of HIV infection. […] HIV surveillance data are used by CDCs public health partners in other federal agencies, health departments, nonprofit organizations, and academic institutions to help target prevention efforts, plan for services, and develop policy. […] HIV case surveillance activities allow jurisdictions to monitor HIV disease progression and utilization of care services through the ongoing collection of data on laboratory test results (viral load and CD4 counts), opportunistic infections and illnesses, and vital status. […] Although reporting of HIV cases to CDC is voluntary, it is essential to the nationwide aggregation and monitoring of the burden of disease.

• #65 National HIV Surveillance System (NHSS) – Healthy People 2030 | odphp.health.gov

  https://odphp.health.gov/healthypeople/objectives-and-data/data-sources-and-methods/data-sources/national-hiv-surveillance-system-nhss

  The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) collects, analyzes, and disseminates surveillance data on HIV infection and AIDS; these data are the nations source of timely information on the burden of HIV infection. […] HIV surveillance data are used by CDCs public health partners in other federal agencies, health departments, nonprofit organizations, and academic institutions to help target prevention efforts, plan for services, and develop policy. […] HIV case surveillance activities allow jurisdictions to monitor HIV disease progression and utilization of care services through the ongoing collection of data on laboratory test results (viral load and CD4 counts), opportunistic infections and illnesses, and vital status. […] Although reporting of HIV cases to CDC is voluntary, it is essential to the nationwide aggregation and monitoring of the burden of disease.

• #66 3 Public Health and HIV/AIDS Surveillance | Measuring What Matters: Allocation, Planning, and Quality Assessment for the Ryan White CARE Act | The National Academies Press

  https://nap.nationalacademies.org/read/10855/chapter/5

  AIDS surveillance has been broadly accepted by the community of individuals living with HIV and AIDS. […] Due in large part to federal investments in state and local surveillance and strong active surveillance efforts, AIDS case reporting is among the most complete of all reportable diseases and conditions. […] Following the development of the first antibody test for HIV in 1985, states began to initiate reporting of HIV infection. […] Public health authorities justified reporting of HIV infection on several grounds. […] In the following years, CDC continued to press for name-based reporting of HIV cases, supported by a growing number of public health officials. […] As of October 2003, all states, territories, and cities except Georgia and Philadelphia have implemented a confidential HIV case-reporting system. […] As with any surveillance system, HIV and AIDS case reporting fulfills a number of purposes. […] The allocation of resources appropriated through the RWCA is an example of how information collected from a case-reporting system has been used for different purposes.

• #67 HIV/STD Surveillance | Bucks County, PAArrow LeftArrow RightSlideshow Left ArrowSlideshow Right Arrow

  https://www.buckscounty.gov/322/HIVSTD-Surveillance

  Timely and accurate HIV and AIDS case reporting provides a better understanding of the epidemic on local levels. Epidemiologists can monitor trends in populations being affected by HIV infection; project future numbers of cases and provide information for those responsible for planning for future health care needs, prevention and educational activities. […] Failure to report in a timely manner may have an impact on current and projected funding needs. Funding formulas using data that represents under-reporting of HIV or AIDS cases may translate into under-funded programs and services for those with HIV infection. Collecting information about HIV will help us to get a better understanding of HIV in our state. We need to know if people with HIV are getting the care they need. HIV information is also used to obtain funds for HIV prevention and treatment services.

• #68 HIV Epidemiology Unit | Georgia Department of Public Health

  https://dph.georgia.gov/epidemiology/georgias-hivaids-epidemiology-section

  The HIV Epidemiology Section at the Georgia Department of Public Health, is responsible for managing the state HIV surveillance system and conducting HIV surveillance, and other HIV-related epidemiologic activities that provide more in depth information on those disproportionately affected by HIV. […] The data collected are used to describe and monitor the epidemic in Georgia, to guide data-driven planning and resource allocation, as well as to evaluate the effectiveness and impact of prevention programs and care treatment services. […] The HIV Epidemiology Section is authorized under Georgia Surveillance Law (O.C.G.A. 31-12-2) to conduct notifiable disease surveillance of HIV. […] Public health surveillance activities are not subject to HIPAA restrictions. […] Georgia has a dual reporting system that legally requires HIV reporting by both health care providers and laboratories.

• #69 HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS (HIV) AND ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME (AIDS)

  https://oeps.wv.gov/hiv-aids/Pages/default.aspx

  Since January 2018, the West Virginia Bureau for Public Health (WV BPH) has been monitoring increased diagnoses of HIV across the state, especially among people who inject drugs (PWID). […] The West Virginia Bureau for Public Health (WVBPH) has been monitoring a rise in HIV diagnoses statewide since 2018, particularly among PWID. […] In January 2021, WVBPH surveillance Staff identified a surge in new HIV diagnoses among PWID in Kanawha County. […] Since May 2023, there has been an increase in new HIV diagnoses among men who have sex with men in Monongalia County. […] Diagnoses, laboratory reports, initial care events, and perinatal exposure of HIV infection and AIDS are reportable conditions in accordance with the Bureau for Public Healths rule, Reportable Diseases, Events, and Conditions 64CSR7 and pursuant to WV Legislative Rule 64 CSR 64.

• #70 HIV/AIDS data and research | Department of Public Health | City of Philadelphia

  https://www.phila.gov/documents/hiv-aids-data-and-research/

  People Who Inject Drugs: Fact sheet from 2018 NHBS PDF This 2021 analysis reviews the latest figures from the NHBS as they pertain to people who inject drugs (PWID) and HIV. […] People Who Inject Drugs: Practice Implications from 2018 NHBS PDF This 2021 analysis provides practice implications or recommendations for providers regarding HIV treatment and prevention and people who inject drugs (PWID). […] Qualitative Evaluation of HIV Outbreak Response in Philadelphia (June 2024) PDF Since 2018, the Philadelphia Department of Public Health and community partners have responded to an HIV outbreak among people who inject drugs. This qualitative evaluation engaged Health Department staff and community partners to identify successes with response activities, note challenges, and inform future directions.

• #71 HIV surveillance

  https://www.who.int/teams/global-hiv-hepatitis-and-stis-programmes/hiv/strategic-information/hiv-surveillance

  Understanding trends in HIV data is a cornerstone of the public health response to HIV. HIV surveillance brings together information from a range of sources to: estimate how many people are living with HIV; understand who is being infected and why; and assess the impact of HIV prevention, testing, and treatment services across different population groups. […] This ongoing collection, analysis and dissemination of HIV data provides evidence for decision-making. It also tracks national and global progress towards the United Nations target to end the AIDS epidemic by 2030. […] WHO provides support to Member States by characterizing the current epidemiology of HIV, reviewing surveillance approaches and methods, and producing strategic information guidelines. […] These guidelines consolidate guidance on monitoring systems for patients and all cases of HIV as part of public health surveillance. They recommend the integration of related infections into HIV surveillance systems. […] This document is written for national HIV surveillance programme staff responsible for monitoring trends in country HIV epidemics. Its purpose is to describe guidelines for conducting HIV surveillance among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics based on routine programme data.

• #72 CDC Publishes New HIV Surveillance Reports | CDC NCHHSTP

  https://www.cdc.gov/nchhstp/director-letters/cdc-publishes-new-hiv-surveillance-reports.html

  In 2022, HIV incidence in Ending the HIV Epidemic (EHE) (phase I) jurisdictions decreased 21% among persons aged 13 years, compared with the 2017 EHE baseline year. […] Although data demonstrate continued progress in HIV prevention, longstanding social and economic factors continue to contribute to health inequities particularly among Black/African American (hereafter referred to as Black) persons and Hispanic/Latino persons. […] It is estimated that 1.2 million persons in the United States were living with diagnosed and undiagnosed HIV at the end of 2022. […] Among persons who received diagnoses of HIV infection during 2022, 82% were linked to care within one month of diagnosis. […] To meet national HIV goals and ensure that all persons with diagnosed HIV receive high quality care and treatment, prevention efforts must address the drivers of social inequities and other barriers to care that cause and exacerbate health disparities.

• #73 AIDS United on the Newly Released CDC HIV Surveillance Report – AIDS United

  https://aidsunited.org/aids-united-on-the-newly-released-cdc-hiv-surveillance-report/

  In 2022, the highest incidence of HIV is still among Black/African American (34.1), multiracial (21.6), and Hispanic/Latinx (20.7) persons. […] New HIV infections are overwhelmingly still stemming from men who have sex with men (MSM), accounting for 67% of estimated new infections, and Hispanic/Latinx men account for 39% of estimated new HIV infections among gay, bisexual and other MSM in 2022: roughly the same as their 2018 numbers. […] Overall, HIV infections attributed to injection drug use rose by 4.5% between 2018 and 2022, with a significant 7% increases in new HIV diagnoses among cisgender men who inject drugs and who do not have sexual contact with other men. […] Data from these reports detail how HIV testing, PrEP, and treatment are effective and are working, but there is still much more work to be done.

• #74 Epidemiology of HIV Infection in the United States: Implications for Linkage to Care

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3106255/

  The challenges of early diagnosis of HIV infection and early engagement in HIV care are multiple, and a number of barriers must be overcome. […] Some barriers may be specific to a demographic group. […] Fear of stigma associated with a diagnosis of HIV infection also puts many African American communities at a high risk of HIV infection and prevents infected individuals from identifying and seeking HIV care. […] Many of the same barriers that affect blacks/African Americans also affect Latinos in the United States.

• #75 Epidemiology of HIV Infection in the United States: Implications for Linkage to Care

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3106255/

  The challenges of early diagnosis of HIV infection and early engagement in HIV care are multiple, and a number of barriers must be overcome. […] Some barriers may be specific to a demographic group. […] Fear of stigma associated with a diagnosis of HIV infection also puts many African American communities at a high risk of HIV infection and prevents infected individuals from identifying and seeking HIV care. […] Many of the same barriers that affect blacks/African Americans also affect Latinos in the United States.

• #76 Epidemiology of HIV Infection in the United States: Implications for Linkage to Care

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3106255/

  The challenges of early diagnosis of HIV infection and early engagement in HIV care are multiple, and a number of barriers must be overcome. […] Some barriers may be specific to a demographic group. […] Fear of stigma associated with a diagnosis of HIV infection also puts many African American communities at a high risk of HIV infection and prevents infected individuals from identifying and seeking HIV care. […] Many of the same barriers that affect blacks/African Americans also affect Latinos in the United States.

• #77 Epidemiology of HIV Infection in the United States: Implications for Linkage to Care

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3106255/

  The challenges of early diagnosis of HIV infection and early engagement in HIV care are multiple, and a number of barriers must be overcome. […] Some barriers may be specific to a demographic group. […] Fear of stigma associated with a diagnosis of HIV infection also puts many African American communities at a high risk of HIV infection and prevents infected individuals from identifying and seeking HIV care. […] Many of the same barriers that affect blacks/African Americans also affect Latinos in the United States.

• #78 HIV surveillance

  https://www.who.int/teams/global-hiv-hepatitis-and-stis-programmes/hiv/strategic-information/hiv-surveillance

  Understanding trends in HIV data is a cornerstone of the public health response to HIV. HIV surveillance brings together information from a range of sources to: estimate how many people are living with HIV; understand who is being infected and why; and assess the impact of HIV prevention, testing, and treatment services across different population groups. […] This ongoing collection, analysis and dissemination of HIV data provides evidence for decision-making. It also tracks national and global progress towards the United Nations target to end the AIDS epidemic by 2030. […] WHO provides support to Member States by characterizing the current epidemiology of HIV, reviewing surveillance approaches and methods, and producing strategic information guidelines. […] These guidelines consolidate guidance on monitoring systems for patients and all cases of HIV as part of public health surveillance. They recommend the integration of related infections into HIV surveillance systems. […] This document is written for national HIV surveillance programme staff responsible for monitoring trends in country HIV epidemics. Its purpose is to describe guidelines for conducting HIV surveillance among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics based on routine programme data.

• #79 HIV/STI Surveillance and Monitoring – PAHO/WHO | Pan American Health Organization

  https://www.paho.org/en/topics/hivsti-surveillance-and-monitoring

  Public health surveillance is the continuous, systematic collection, analysis, interpretation and dissemination of health-related data needed for the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice. […] HIV surveillance, monitoring and evaluation are essential for program managers to assess the impact and effectiveness of interventions and linkages between services along the cascade of prevention, treatment and care for HIV and associated conditions. […] PAHO is working with countries to improve strategic information regarding services for key populations and HIV surveillance, supporting countries to calculate the HIV cascade of care and HIV prevention cascade. […] In 2020, WHO published the Consolidated HIV strategic information guideline. […] These guidelines an update to the World Health Organizations 2015 publication Consolidated strategic information guidelines present a set of essential aggregate indicators and guidance on choosing, collecting and systematically analysing strategic information to manage and monitor the national health sector response to HIV.

• #80 1. Origin and Epidemiology of HIV/AIDS | ATrain Education

  https://www.atrainceu.com/content/1-origin-and-epidemiology-hivaids

  UNAIDS reports that reaching Fast-Track Targets will avert nearly 28 million new HIV infections and end the AIDS epidemic as a global health threat by 2030. […] Clinically, AIDS was first recognized in the United States in 1981. In 1983 HIV was discovered to be the cause of AIDS. Since then, the number of AIDS cases has continued to increase both in the United States and in other countries. […] HIV and AIDS cases are reportable; each state has its own laws and healthcare workers must be familiar with those of the state in which they are licensed. […] The discovery of combination antiviral drug therapies in 1996 resulted in a dramatic decrease in the number of deaths due to AIDS among people given the drug therapies. […] The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimate that 1.2 million people aged 13 years and older are living with HIV infection, including 168,000 (14%) who are unaware of their infection.

• #81 1. Origin and Epidemiology of HIV/AIDS | ATrain Education

  https://www.atrainceu.com/content/1-origin-and-epidemiology-hivaids

  Even though Sub-Saharan Africa bears the biggest burden of HIV/AIDS, countries in South and Southeast Asia, Eastern Europe and Central Asia, and those in Latin America are significantly affected by HIV and AIDS. […] In 2014 UNAIDS set forth the goal known as 90-90-90, which means that, by 2020, 90% of people living with HIV will know their HIV status.

• #82 HIV/AIDS data and research | Department of Public Health | City of Philadelphia

  https://www.phila.gov/documents/hiv-aids-data-and-research/

  A Community Plan to End the HIV Epidemic in Philadelphia (December 2020) PDF This plan relies on public health science to accomplish a specific, measurable goal: reducing new HIV infections by 75 percent in five years. […] Health Advisory: HIV Outbreak Among People Who Inject Drugs (October 16, 2019) PDF This health advisory provides an update on the ongoing HIV outbreak among people who inject drugs in Philadelphia. […] Health Advisory: Increase in New HIV Diagnoses among People who Inject Drugs (June 7, 2022) PDF This health advisory reviews the impact of syringe exchange, its role in addressing the public health consequences of substance use disorder in the city, and next steps in tackling the continued epidemic of infectious diseases related to drug use and overdose deaths in Philadelphia.

• #83 HIV | Health and Human Services North Dakota

  https://www.hhs.nd.gov/health/diseases-conditions-and-immunization/HIV

  Monitor the incidence and estimated prevalence of HIV/AIDS in the state […] The NDHHS, along with ND communities and partners, are working towards Ending the HIV Epidemic. […] Ending the HIV Epidemic in the U.S. (EHE) is a bold plan announced in 2019 that aims to end the HIV epidemic in the United States by 2030.

• #84 HIV Data Center | Florida Department of Health

  https://www.floridahealth.gov/diseases-and-conditions/aids/surveillance/index.html

  Data for 2020 and 2021 should be interpreted with caution due to the impact of COVID-19 on HIV testing, care-related services, and case surveillance activities. […] Florida tracks HIV/AIDS cases by the year they were diagnosed and by the year they were reported. […] The year of diagnosis and the year of report may be different for each case because there are specific requirements set by the CDC for when an HIV/AIDS case is considered reportable, even though the person has been diagnosed. […] While it is important to understand the number of new HIV cases in Florida, it is also important to be aware of the overall number of people living with HIV in the state. […] We track this data because it informs decisions related to resource allocation to ensure all PWH in Florida have access to the care they need.

• #85 HIV/AIDS Surveillance in Europe 2024 – 2023 data

  https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/hiv-aids-surveillance-europe-2024-2023-data

  HIV infection continues to affect the health and well-being of nearly 2.6 million people in the WHO European Region, particularly in the eastern part of the Region. This report is the latest in a series published jointly by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) and the WHO Regional Office for Europe that has been reporting data on HIV and AIDS in the WHO European Region and in the European Union and European Economic Area (EU/EEA) since 2007. It finds that while epidemic patterns and trends vary widely across European countries, nearly 113 000 people were diagnosed with HIV in the European Region in 2023, including around 25 000 in the EU/EEA. […] This report presents HIV/AIDS surveillance data for 2023, which show significant variation in epidemic patterns and trends across the WHO European Region. In 2023, 112 883 HIV diagnoses were reported in 47 of the 53 countries in the Region, including 24 731 from the countries of the European Union/European Economic Area (EU/EEA). This corresponds to a crude rate of 12.7 HIV diagnoses per 100 000 population in the Region overall, a slight (2.4%) increase compared with the 2022 rate (12.4 per 100 000 population) but still a 19.6% decrease compared to the 2019 rate (15.8 per 100 000 population): the period before the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. In all, 21 out of 47 countries reported an increase in HIV diagnoses in 2023 compared to 2022. Several countries, including Azerbaijan, Finland, Iceland, Ireland, Kazakhstan, Lithuania, Malta and Montenegro, recorded the highest number of HIV diagnoses in a single year over the past decade.

• #86 The Epidemiology of HIV and AIDS – Preventing HIV Transmission – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK232349/

  The sharing of contaminated needles is responsible for a substantial proportion of HIV infection among injection drug users. […] The panel supports the creation of more active epidemiologic surveillance of HIV prevalence and incidence so that the current progress of the epidemic can be accurately monitored. […] The spread of HIV among injection drug users, their sexual partners, and offspring accounts for a major proportion of new HIV infections in the United States, and the resultant propagation of the AIDS epidemic. […] Throughout the United States, the epidemiology of HIV and AIDS differs, depending on geography, inherent differences in the population at risk, and the distribution of risk behaviors associated with transmission. […] Injection drug use with contaminated injecting equipment contributes significantly to the spread of HIV infection and thereby to the AIDS epidemic.

• #87 HIV/AIDS Surveillance in Europe 2024 – 2023 data

  https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/hiv-aids-surveillance-europe-2024-2023-data

  HIV infection continues to affect the health and well-being of nearly 2.6 million people in the WHO European Region, particularly in the eastern part of the Region. This report is the latest in a series published jointly by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) and the WHO Regional Office for Europe that has been reporting data on HIV and AIDS in the WHO European Region and in the European Union and European Economic Area (EU/EEA) since 2007. It finds that while epidemic patterns and trends vary widely across European countries, nearly 113 000 people were diagnosed with HIV in the European Region in 2023, including around 25 000 in the EU/EEA. […] This report presents HIV/AIDS surveillance data for 2023, which show significant variation in epidemic patterns and trends across the WHO European Region. In 2023, 112 883 HIV diagnoses were reported in 47 of the 53 countries in the Region, including 24 731 from the countries of the European Union/European Economic Area (EU/EEA). This corresponds to a crude rate of 12.7 HIV diagnoses per 100 000 population in the Region overall, a slight (2.4%) increase compared with the 2022 rate (12.4 per 100 000 population) but still a 19.6% decrease compared to the 2019 rate (15.8 per 100 000 population): the period before the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. In all, 21 out of 47 countries reported an increase in HIV diagnoses in 2023 compared to 2022. Several countries, including Azerbaijan, Finland, Iceland, Ireland, Kazakhstan, Lithuania, Malta and Montenegro, recorded the highest number of HIV diagnoses in a single year over the past decade.

• #88 HIV/AIDS Surveillance in Europe 2024 – 2023 data

  https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/hiv-aids-surveillance-europe-2024-2023-data

  HIV infection continues to affect the health and well-being of nearly 2.6 million people in the WHO European Region, particularly in the eastern part of the Region. This report is the latest in a series published jointly by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) and the WHO Regional Office for Europe that has been reporting data on HIV and AIDS in the WHO European Region and in the European Union and European Economic Area (EU/EEA) since 2007. It finds that while epidemic patterns and trends vary widely across European countries, nearly 113 000 people were diagnosed with HIV in the European Region in 2023, including around 25 000 in the EU/EEA. […] This report presents HIV/AIDS surveillance data for 2023, which show significant variation in epidemic patterns and trends across the WHO European Region. In 2023, 112 883 HIV diagnoses were reported in 47 of the 53 countries in the Region, including 24 731 from the countries of the European Union/European Economic Area (EU/EEA). This corresponds to a crude rate of 12.7 HIV diagnoses per 100 000 population in the Region overall, a slight (2.4%) increase compared with the 2022 rate (12.4 per 100 000 population) but still a 19.6% decrease compared to the 2019 rate (15.8 per 100 000 population): the period before the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. In all, 21 out of 47 countries reported an increase in HIV diagnoses in 2023 compared to 2022. Several countries, including Azerbaijan, Finland, Iceland, Ireland, Kazakhstan, Lithuania, Malta and Montenegro, recorded the highest number of HIV diagnoses in a single year over the past decade.

• #89 HIV/AIDS Surveillance in Europe 2024 – 2023 data

  https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/hiv-aids-surveillance-europe-2024-2023-data

  When comparing the number of HIV diagnoses made to the estimated number of new HIV infections acquired over the past decade, it is evident that an increasingly larger number of individuals are acquiring HIV infection than are being diagnosed. This indicates a growing number of people living with undiagnosed HIV in the Region. In the EU/EEA, the trend differs from that of the wider Region with slightly more diagnoses reported than estimated new infections. […] The increase in HIV diagnoses in 2023 can be attributed to various factors across different subregions. In the east of the WHO European Region, countries reported a rebound in HIV testing and case detection since the COVID-19 pandemic subsided, focusing on increasing case detection and introducing new testing policies to close the gap on undiagnosed individuals. In the EU/EEA and the west of the Region, the increase may be a result of increased diagnoses among migrants, particularly from high-prevalence countries, and expanded HIV testing services. In contrast, the number of HIV diagnoses in the centre of the Region decreased in 2023 compared to 2022, mainly due to a reduction in previous positive diagnoses. However, six out of 15 countries in the centre still reported an increase in 2023 compared to 2022.

• #90 HIV in Canada, Surveillance Report to December 31, 2022 – Canada.ca

  https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/services/publications/diseases-conditions/hiv-canada-surveillance-report-december-31-2022.html

  The HIV in Canada, Surveillance Report to December 31, 2022, published by the Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC) presents and describes national epidemiological trends on Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) diagnoses in Canada by geographic region, age at diagnosis, sex, race and/or ethnicity, and exposure category between 2013 and 2022. This surveillance report presents information on first-time diagnoses from all thirteen provinces and territories (PT), and provides robust evidence for the planning, evaluation, and implementation of HIV prevention and care programs and education. […] In 2022, 1,833 newly diagnosed cases (i.e., no previous evidence of a positive test) of HIV were reported in Canada. This is an increase of 24.9% compared with 2021 (1,468 reported cases). This increase may be due, in part, to renewed access to HIV testing services in the later stages of the COVID-19 pandemic and increasing immigration volumes from across the globe (after pandemic restrictions were lifted) as noted by Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada.

• #91 HIV in Canada, Surveillance Report to December 31, 2022 – Canada.ca

  https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/services/publications/diseases-conditions/hiv-canada-surveillance-report-december-31-2022.html

  The HIV in Canada, Surveillance Report to December 31, 2022, published by the Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC) presents and describes national epidemiological trends on Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) diagnoses in Canada by geographic region, age at diagnosis, sex, race and/or ethnicity, and exposure category between 2013 and 2022. This surveillance report presents information on first-time diagnoses from all thirteen provinces and territories (PT), and provides robust evidence for the planning, evaluation, and implementation of HIV prevention and care programs and education. […] In 2022, 1,833 newly diagnosed cases (i.e., no previous evidence of a positive test) of HIV were reported in Canada. This is an increase of 24.9% compared with 2021 (1,468 reported cases). This increase may be due, in part, to renewed access to HIV testing services in the later stages of the COVID-19 pandemic and increasing immigration volumes from across the globe (after pandemic restrictions were lifted) as noted by Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada.

• #92 AIDSinfo | UNAIDS

  https://aidsinfo.unaids.org/

  UNAIDS leads the world’s most extensive data collection on HIV epidemiology, programme coverage and finance and publishes the most authoritative and up-to-date information on the HIV epidemic. […] HIV epidemiological estimates and country-reported data on their national AIDS response. […] HIV-related laws and policies data in countries, reported by both national authorities and civil society to UNAIDS and WHO, aimed at promoting accountability and support joint analysis of policy information with other relevant data to inform national AIDS response. […] Global, regional, and country key facts and figures on HIV AIDS.

• #93 HIV/STI Surveillance and Monitoring – PAHO/WHO | Pan American Health Organization

  https://www.paho.org/en/topics/hivsti-surveillance-and-monitoring

  Public health surveillance is the continuous, systematic collection, analysis, interpretation and dissemination of health-related data needed for the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice. […] HIV surveillance, monitoring and evaluation are essential for program managers to assess the impact and effectiveness of interventions and linkages between services along the cascade of prevention, treatment and care for HIV and associated conditions. […] PAHO is working with countries to improve strategic information regarding services for key populations and HIV surveillance, supporting countries to calculate the HIV cascade of care and HIV prevention cascade. […] In 2020, WHO published the Consolidated HIV strategic information guideline. […] These guidelines an update to the World Health Organizations 2015 publication Consolidated strategic information guidelines present a set of essential aggregate indicators and guidance on choosing, collecting and systematically analysing strategic information to manage and monitor the national health sector response to HIV.

• #94 HIV surveillance

  https://www.who.int/teams/global-hiv-hepatitis-and-stis-programmes/hiv/strategic-information/hiv-surveillance

  Understanding trends in HIV data is a cornerstone of the public health response to HIV. HIV surveillance brings together information from a range of sources to: estimate how many people are living with HIV; understand who is being infected and why; and assess the impact of HIV prevention, testing, and treatment services across different population groups. […] This ongoing collection, analysis and dissemination of HIV data provides evidence for decision-making. It also tracks national and global progress towards the United Nations target to end the AIDS epidemic by 2030. […] WHO provides support to Member States by characterizing the current epidemiology of HIV, reviewing surveillance approaches and methods, and producing strategic information guidelines. […] These guidelines consolidate guidance on monitoring systems for patients and all cases of HIV as part of public health surveillance. They recommend the integration of related infections into HIV surveillance systems. […] This document is written for national HIV surveillance programme staff responsible for monitoring trends in country HIV epidemics. Its purpose is to describe guidelines for conducting HIV surveillance among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics based on routine programme data.

• #95 HIV/AIDS Surveillance | Global Health eLearning Center

  https://www.globalhealthlearning.org/course/hiv-aids-surveillance

  Surveillance plays a fundamental role in public health. HIV surveillance systems monitor the magnitude and trends in the prevalence of infection and risk behavior. Data from HIV surveillance systems are used for evidence-based program planning. […] List the core elements of HIV/AIDS surveillance. […] Understand the importance of methods involved in carrying out HIV/AIDS surveillance.

• #96 HIV data and statistics

  https://www.who.int/teams/global-hiv-hepatitis-and-stis-programmes/hiv/strategic-information/hiv-data-and-statistics

  An estimated 39.9 million [36.144.6 million] people were living with HIV at the end of 2023, of which 1.4 million [1.11.7 million] children (0-14 years old) and 38.6 [34.943.1 million] adults (15+ years old). […] 1.3 million [1.01.7 million] people acquired HIV in 2023. Since 2010, the number of people acquiring HIV has been reduced by 39%, from 2.1 million [1.72.7 million]. […] In 2023, 630 000 [500 000820 000] people died from HIV-related causes globally. Since 2010, HIV-related deaths have been reduced by 51%, from 1.3 million [1.0 million1.7 million]. The global HIV epidemic claimed 69% fewer lives in 2023 since the peak in 2004. […] HIV continues to be a major global public health issue, claiming 42.3 million [35.751.1 million] lives so far. […] In 2023, 86% [6998%] of people living with HIV knew their status. […] In 2023, 30.7 million people, or 77% [6189%] of people living with HIV were receiving antiretroviral therapy globally. […] In 2023, 72% [6580%] of people living with HIV had suppressed viral loads.

• #97 Global HIV & AIDS statistics — Fact sheet | UNAIDS

  https://www.unaids.org/en/resources/fact-sheet

  39.9 million [36.1 million44.6 million] people globally were living with HIV in 2023. […] 1.3 million [1 million1.7 million] people became newly infected with HIV in 2023. […] 630 000 [500 000820 000] people died from AIDS-related illnesses in 2023. […] 30.7 million people [2731.9 million] were accessing antiretroviral therapy in 2023. […] 88.4 million [71.3 million112.8 million] people have become infected with HIV since the start of the epidemic. […] 42.3 million [35.7 million51.1 million] people have died from AIDS-related illnesses since the start of the epidemic. […] In 2023, 1.3 million [1 million1.7 million] people were newly infected with HIV, compared to 3.3 million [2.6 million4.2 million] people in 1995. […] AIDS-related deaths have been reduced by 69% since the peak in 2004 and by 51% since 2010.

• #98 CDC Publishes New HIV Surveillance Reports | CDC NCHHSTP

  https://www.cdc.gov/nchhstp/director-letters/cdc-publishes-new-hiv-surveillance-reports.html

  In 2022, HIV incidence in Ending the HIV Epidemic (EHE) (phase I) jurisdictions decreased 21% among persons aged 13 years, compared with the 2017 EHE baseline year. […] Although data demonstrate continued progress in HIV prevention, longstanding social and economic factors continue to contribute to health inequities particularly among Black/African American (hereafter referred to as Black) persons and Hispanic/Latino persons. […] It is estimated that 1.2 million persons in the United States were living with diagnosed and undiagnosed HIV at the end of 2022. […] Among persons who received diagnoses of HIV infection during 2022, 82% were linked to care within one month of diagnosis. […] To meet national HIV goals and ensure that all persons with diagnosed HIV receive high quality care and treatment, prevention efforts must address the drivers of social inequities and other barriers to care that cause and exacerbate health disparities.

• #99 1. Origin and Epidemiology of HIV/AIDS | ATrain Education

  https://www.atrainceu.com/content/1-origin-and-epidemiology-hivaids

  UNAIDS reports that reaching Fast-Track Targets will avert nearly 28 million new HIV infections and end the AIDS epidemic as a global health threat by 2030. […] Clinically, AIDS was first recognized in the United States in 1981. In 1983 HIV was discovered to be the cause of AIDS. Since then, the number of AIDS cases has continued to increase both in the United States and in other countries. […] HIV and AIDS cases are reportable; each state has its own laws and healthcare workers must be familiar with those of the state in which they are licensed. […] The discovery of combination antiviral drug therapies in 1996 resulted in a dramatic decrease in the number of deaths due to AIDS among people given the drug therapies. […] The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimate that 1.2 million people aged 13 years and older are living with HIV infection, including 168,000 (14%) who are unaware of their infection.

• #100 HIV/STD Program Reports | Texas DSHS

  https://www.dshs.texas.gov/hivstd/reports

  HIV, STDs, and TB in the Texas-Mexico Border Region A summary of HIV, STD, and TB cases for counties within 100 miles of the Texas-Mexico border. […] Emerging Technologies and Advancements in HIV and AIDS Surveillance and Testing to Enhance Surveillance, Prevention, and Treatment of HIV and AIDS Infection This DSHS report addresses emerging technologies and advancements in HIV and AIDS disease surveillance and epidemiology, including the use of technologies and advancements to improve testing and reporting of AIDS and HIV infection. […] Interagency Coordinating Council for HIV and Hepatitis Legislative Report An overview of available epidemiologic data, service resources, federal and state funding sources, and a description of the gaps and barriers related to the prevention and care, and treatment of AIDS, HIV, and hepatitis in Texas.

• #101 HIV surveillance

  https://www.who.int/teams/global-hiv-hepatitis-and-stis-programmes/hiv/strategic-information/hiv-surveillance

  Understanding trends in HIV data is a cornerstone of the public health response to HIV. HIV surveillance brings together information from a range of sources to: estimate how many people are living with HIV; understand who is being infected and why; and assess the impact of HIV prevention, testing, and treatment services across different population groups. […] This ongoing collection, analysis and dissemination of HIV data provides evidence for decision-making. It also tracks national and global progress towards the United Nations target to end the AIDS epidemic by 2030. […] WHO provides support to Member States by characterizing the current epidemiology of HIV, reviewing surveillance approaches and methods, and producing strategic information guidelines. […] These guidelines consolidate guidance on monitoring systems for patients and all cases of HIV as part of public health surveillance. They recommend the integration of related infections into HIV surveillance systems. […] This document is written for national HIV surveillance programme staff responsible for monitoring trends in country HIV epidemics. Its purpose is to describe guidelines for conducting HIV surveillance among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics based on routine programme data.

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