Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Chronic occupational repetitive strain injury.

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2016244/

  OBJECTIVE: To review common repetitive strain injuries (RSIs) that occur in the workplace, emphasizing diagnosis, treatment, and etiology of these conditions. […] MAIN MESSAGE: Repetitive strain injuries result from repeated stress to the body’s soft tissue structures including muscles, tendons, and nerves. […] Common RSIs include tendon-related disorders, such as rotator cuff tendonitis, and peripheral nerve entrapment disorders, such as carpal tunnel syndrome. […] CONCLUSION: Repetitive strain injury is common; primary care physicians must establish a diagnosis and, more importantly, its relationship to occupation.

• #2 Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI): Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17424-repetitive-strain-injury

  A repetitive strain injury is damage to your muscles, tendons or nerves caused by repetitive motions and constant use. […] Repetitive strain injuries are caused by doing the same motion or activity repeatedly until it starts to hurt your body. […] Any motion or activity that you frequently repeat can cause a repeated strain injury. They happen after your body experiences the same kind of stress and strain over time. Common causes include: […] Federal laws and guidelines require employers to accommodate their employees needs to prevent repetitive strain injuries.

• #3 Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI): Causes, Prevention, and More

  https://www.healthline.com/health/repetitive-strain-injury

  A repetitive strain injury (RSI), sometimes referred to as repetitive stress injury, is a gradual buildup of damage to muscles, tendons, and nerves from repetitive motions. RSIs are common and may be caused by many different types of activities, including: […] RSI can occur when you do repetitive movements. Those movements can cause your muscles and tendons to become damaged over time. […] Some activities that can increase your risk for RSI are: stressing the same muscles through repetition, maintaining the same posture for long periods of time, maintaining an abnormal posture for an extended period of time, such as holding your arms over your head, lifting heavy objects, being in poor physical condition or not exercising enough. […] Previous injuries or conditions, such as a rotator cuff tear or an injury to your wrist, back, or shoulder, can also predispose you to RSI. […] Desk jobs are not the only occupations whose workers are at risk for RSI. Other occupations that involve repetitive movements and may increase your risk include: dental hygienists, construction workers who use power tools, cleaners, cooks, bus drivers, musicians.

• #4 Causes – Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI)

  https://www.rsipain.com/causes.php

  In most cases Repetitive Strain Injury is caused by physical overload, but it can also have a psychological background. Currently known are the following primary causes: 1) Physical overload caused by repetitive motion […] 2) Psychosomatic causes a) Tension Myositis Syndrome b) Fear of RSI. The first time pain often occurs in very stressful situations. However, this stress is often only the trigger, not the cause. The longer the symptoms persist, the more psychological aspects play a role: fear of the future, fear of having to quit your current work, fear of never returning to a 100% healthy state. It does not matter if the primary cause is physical or psychological, after a few painful months these fears play a significant role. Both causes result in limited blood flow whether due to tense and overstretched muscles (physical cause) or directly controlled by the central nervous system (psychosomatic cause). The reduced blood flow means an insufficient supply of oxygen and a lack of removal of waste products.

• #5 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/Causes-of-repetitive-strain-injury-(RSI).aspx

  Repetitive strain injury (RSI) is most commonly related to the overuse and strain on the muscles, tendons and soft tissues of the upper part of the body like the wrists, forearms, shoulders, elbows, back or neck. […] The cause of RSI lies in repetitive microscopic trauma that occurs due to strain on the muscles and joints. This repeated trauma at the microscopic level leads to tendonitis or inflammation of the tendons, tenosynovitis or inflammation of the tendons and synovial sleeve or sheath covering the muscles and tendons. […] Common factors that lead to RSI deep within the muscles and tendons include: Fatigue of the muscles and ligaments, tendons and muscles due to over strain and stretching. […] Strain may lead to lack of blood supply and damage to the nerves. This is called ischemia.

• #6 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/Causes-of-repetitive-strain-injury-(RSI).aspx

  Repetitive strain injury (RSI) is most commonly related to the overuse and strain on the muscles, tendons and soft tissues of the upper part of the body like the wrists, forearms, shoulders, elbows, back or neck. […] The cause of RSI lies in repetitive microscopic trauma that occurs due to strain on the muscles and joints. This repeated trauma at the microscopic level leads to tendonitis or inflammation of the tendons, tenosynovitis or inflammation of the tendons and synovial sleeve or sheath covering the muscles and tendons. […] Common factors that lead to RSI deep within the muscles and tendons include: Fatigue of the muscles and ligaments, tendons and muscles due to over strain and stretching. […] Strain may lead to lack of blood supply and damage to the nerves. This is called ischemia.

• #7 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/Causes-of-repetitive-strain-injury-(RSI).aspx

  Depletion of energy giving adenosine triphosphate (ATP) due to ischemia. […] Psychosocial factors related to work conditions. […] Activities that can raise the risk of RSI include: repetitions, doing the same activity over a long period of time without rest, working with force such as lifting heavy objects, maintaining a poor or awkward posture or position for a long time without rest. […] Working in cold climates, with instruments that vibrate and stress also raises the risk of RSI. […] RSI tends to worsen by pressure related movements like twisting, hammering and pounding, squeezing, pushing, pulling, lifting or reaching. […] Other factors are too fast or excessive workloads, long hours and lack of rest in between. […] Risk of RSI thus can be classified as awkward or static posture, force, repetition of movements, and vibration.

• #8 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/Causes-of-repetitive-strain-injury-(RSI).aspx

  Repetitive strain injury (RSI) is most commonly related to the overuse and strain on the muscles, tendons and soft tissues of the upper part of the body like the wrists, forearms, shoulders, elbows, back or neck. […] The cause of RSI lies in repetitive microscopic trauma that occurs due to strain on the muscles and joints. This repeated trauma at the microscopic level leads to tendonitis or inflammation of the tendons, tenosynovitis or inflammation of the tendons and synovial sleeve or sheath covering the muscles and tendons. […] Common factors that lead to RSI deep within the muscles and tendons include: Fatigue of the muscles and ligaments, tendons and muscles due to over strain and stretching. […] Strain may lead to lack of blood supply and damage to the nerves. This is called ischemia.

• #9 Repetitive strain injury – causes, symptoms, and treatment

  https://www.bauerfeind-group.com/en/health/hand-wrist/wrist-pain-symptoms-causes-treatment/repetitive-strain-injury-causes-symptoms-and-treatment

  Pain, tingling, burning, a stiff wrist: these are the signs of repetitive strain injury. It develops when repetitive movements are carried out constantly over the years. This causes minute injuries (micro traumata) that add up to a condition over time which can significantly restrict those affected. […] Two important factors are involved in the development of repetitive strain injury: micro traumata, i.e. minute injuries that will result in permanent damage if continuously repeated, and learning processes in the pain memory. The injuries develop based on a combination of incorrect posture and constant repetition of the same movements. This leads to tense muscles, impaired circulation, and tendons as well as connective tissue being subjected to excessive strain. Eventually, this results in local swelling, a reduced supply of oxygen and nutrients to the cells, as well as local inflammation.

• #10 Repetitive strain injury – causes, symptoms, and treatment

  https://www.bauerfeind-group.com/en/health/hand-wrist/wrist-pain-symptoms-causes-treatment/repetitive-strain-injury-causes-symptoms-and-treatment

  Pain, tingling, burning, a stiff wrist: these are the signs of repetitive strain injury. It develops when repetitive movements are carried out constantly over the years. This causes minute injuries (micro traumata) that add up to a condition over time which can significantly restrict those affected. […] Two important factors are involved in the development of repetitive strain injury: micro traumata, i.e. minute injuries that will result in permanent damage if continuously repeated, and learning processes in the pain memory. The injuries develop based on a combination of incorrect posture and constant repetition of the same movements. This leads to tense muscles, impaired circulation, and tendons as well as connective tissue being subjected to excessive strain. Eventually, this results in local swelling, a reduced supply of oxygen and nutrients to the cells, as well as local inflammation.

• #11 Repetitive strain injury (RSI) | Definition & Treatment | Britannica

  https://www.britannica.com/science/repetitive-strain-injury

  repetitive strain injury (RSI), any of a broad range of conditions affecting muscles, tendons, tendon sheaths, nerves, or joints that result particularly from excessive and forceful use. Strain, rapid movement, or constrained or constricted posture may be other causes. […] Risk factors for RSI include occupations involving heavy, stressful schedules of repetitive hand use that demand high levels of accuracy and progressive task difficulty. Work or activities involving forceful, rapid, stereotypical, near simultaneous, or alternating movements also increase the risk of RSI. Other risk factors include personal health issues, such as prior injury or disease or poor hydration or fitness, and psychosocial issues, such as emotional state, personality, or anxiety. […] Normally, structural tissue damage post-injury activates a cellular cascade to mediate inflammation and to initiate tissue repair. However, repetitive injury results in repeated tissue microtrauma, which disrupts the normal repair process. In patients with chronic RSIs, cumulative loading can lead to reduced perfusion (blood supply), reduced function of peripheral nerves, excessive tissue inflammation, scarring, cell compression, extracellular matrix degradation, muscle fibre loss, and cell death.

• #12 Repetitive strain injury (RSI) | Definition & Treatment | Britannica

  https://www.britannica.com/science/repetitive-strain-injury

  Repetitive microtrauma can be classified into four stages based on the soft tissue response to injury (without consideration of secondary, aberrant central nervous system degradation). In stage one, the injury may induce inflammation, but it is not associated with pathological alterations in the tissue. In stage two, pathological alterations, such as tendinosis, are observed. In stage three, the injury is associated with structural failure (rupture). In stage four, additional changes are seen, such as osseous (bony) calcification.

• #13 Repetitive strain injury – causes, symptoms, and treatment

  https://www.bauerfeind-group.com/en/health/hand-wrist/wrist-pain-symptoms-causes-treatment/repetitive-strain-injury-causes-symptoms-and-treatment

  If no countermeasures are taken, the condition will become chronic. During this stage, the brain learns that certain movements cause pain. This learning outcome is reinforced by constant repetition. Thats how the pain memory makes a connection between the activity and pain. According to experts, this is exactly why the problems quickly return even after extended breaks from exertion. […] Very frequently, the cause of repetitive strain injury is a lack of ergonomics at work: poor posture, having the chair too high or too low, and a lack of wrist rests as part of the mouse pad and keyboard advance the development of repetitive strain injury. Add to that awkward movements and joint positions (forced postures) that subject the joints, muscles, and tendons to excessive strain.

• #14 Repetitive strain injury (RSI) | EBSCO Research Starters

  https://www.ebsco.com/research-starters/health-and-medicine/repetitive-strain-injury-rsi

  Repetitive strain injury (RSI) is a condition that arises from repetitive motions and activities, commonly seen in professions involving assembly-line work, computer use, and certain sports or crafts. […] The causes of RSI can include awkward postures, mechanical compression, and repetitive tasks, with some individuals being more susceptible than others due to factors that may include workplace stress. […] RSI may be caused by a number of actions, such as awkward or sustained positions, mechanical compression (pressing against hard surfaces), and repetitive tasks. […] Some causes of RSI include overuse of muscles in the arms, back, hands, neck, shoulders, and wrists; repetitious actions, often performed daily for a long time; a cold work environment; vibrating equipment; poorly designed equipment and/or poorly organized work areas; forceful movement; infrequent rest breaks; and awkward posture. […] Researchers are examining psycho-social factors in the workplace, such as stress, to see if they factor into RSI development. One theory is that stress causes tension in the muscles, which might cause pain sensitivity.

• #15 Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI): Causes and Symptoms

  https://patient.info/bones-joints-muscles/tendinopathy-and-tenosynovitis-tendinosis/repetitive-strain-injury

  Repetitive strain injury (RSI) is a condition where pain and other symptoms occur in an area of the body which has done repetitive tasks (often the arms, wrists or hands). Repetitive strain means strain related to actions which are frequently repeated. […] The term repetitive strain injury (RSI) is used to describe a range of painful conditions of the muscles, tendons and other soft tissues. It is mainly caused by repetitive use of part of the body. […] The main cause is frequent and repetitive movements of the same part of the body – for example, typing, using a computer mouse a lot, etc. Other risk factors may contribute, such as poor posture whilst doing the movement, using excessive force whilst doing the movement and not having enough breaks from the task. […] However, the precise reason why repetitive strain injury develops is not clear. In many cases there is no swelling or inflammation and there are no other obvious problems which develop in the muscles and tendons, and yet symptoms develop. […] Research suggests that psychosocial workplace factors (which usually means stress at work) can also contribute to RSI. It may be that stress increases muscle tension and/or affects how the body feels pain in general.

• #16 Repetitive strain injury – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repetitive_strain_injury

  Muscular, skeletal, or nerve injury due to repetitive actions. Poor ergonomic techniques by computer users is one of many causes of repetitive strain injury. A repetitive strain injury (RSI) is an injury to part of the musculoskeletal or nervous system caused by repetitive use, vibrations, compression or long periods in a fixed position. Other common names include repetitive stress injury, repetitive stress disorders, cumulative trauma disorders (CTDs), and overuse syndrome. A general worldwide increase since the 1970s in RSIs of the arms, hands, neck, and shoulder has been attributed to the widespread use in the workplace of keyboard entry devices, such as typewriters and computers, which require long periods of repetitive motions in a fixed posture. Workers in certain fields are at risk of repetitive strains. Most occupational injuries are musculoskeletal disorders, and many of these are caused by cumulative trauma rather than a single event. Jobs that involve repeated motion patterns or prolonged posture within a work cycle, or both, may be repetitive. Age and gender are important risk factors for RSIs. The risk of RSI increases with age. Women are more likely affected than men because of their smaller frame, lower muscle mass and strength, and endocrine influences. In addition, lifestyle choices such as smoking and alcohol consumption are recognizable risk factors for RSI. Recent scientific findings indicate that obesity and diabetes may predispose an individual to RSIs by creating a chronic low grade inflammatory response that prevents the body from effectively healing damaged tissues.

• #17 What Are Common Causes of Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI)? – Petro Cohen

  https://petrocohen.com/blog/common-causes-of-repetitive-strain-injury-rsi-petro-cohen/

  According to the National Safety Council (NSC), one-third of all job-related injuries result from overexertion. This includes repetitive strain. Repetitive strain injuries (RSI) can be painful and debilitating, and they can also be extremely costly when they prevent you from doing your job. […] Many different types of job-related activities can cause repetitive strain injuries. If you believe that your injury is related to your employment, you will need to work with your workers’ compensation attorney to prove how you were injured. Some of the most common causes of work-related repetitive strain injuries include: Typing on a desktop computer, laptop, or tablet, Using a computer mouse, Sitting or standing for prolonged periods, Swiping merchandise at the register, Lifting, twisting, and bending, Carrying heavy loads, Driving, Operating heavy machinery, Working with hand tools, Working on an assembly line, Playing sports (as a professional athlete).

• #18 Repetitive Strain Injury and Computer Users – London Pain Clinic

  https://www.londonpainclinic.com/conditions/repetitive-strain-injury-and-computer-users/

  Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI) is basically an umbrella term used to refer to a loose group of conditions characterized by an overuse of specific muscles. […] Also known as Cumulative Trauma Disorder, RSI injuries primarily occur due to overuse of computer, guitar, knife or other similar repetitive motions. […] A recent survey in Great Britain indicated that every year, an estimated 400,000 people suffer from RSI which was either caused or worsened by work, resulting in a loss of around 4 million working days in a year. […] The most prominent cause of this phenomenon is that the concerned muscles are kept tense for extensive periods of time, due to poor posture and repetitive movements. […] Research shows that 60% of IT professionals, who spend more than eight hours a day on the computer, are likely to suffer from the symptoms of RSI at some point.

• #19 Repetitive strain injury (RSI) | nidirect

  https://www.nidirect.gov.uk/conditions/repetitive-strain-injury-rsi

  Repetitive strain injury (RSI) is a general term used to describe the pain in muscles, nerves and tendons caused by repetitive movement and overuse. […] RSI is related to the overuse of muscles and tendons in the upper body. […] Certain things are thought to increase the risk of RSI, including: repetitive activities, doing a high-intensity activity for a long time without rest, poor posture or activities that require you to work in an awkward position. […] Cold temperatures and vibrating equipment are also thought to increase the risk of getting RSI and can make the symptoms worse. Stress can also be a contributing cause. […] A variety of jobs can lead to RSI, such as working at an assembly line, at a supermarket checkout or typing at a computer.

• #20 Causes of Repetitive Strain Injury | Mercury Legal Online

  https://www.repetitive-straininjury.co.uk/causes/

  RSI is related to the overuse of muscles and tendons in the upper body, hands, wrists, forearms, elbows, shoulders, back or neck. […] RSI is usually associated with doing particular activity repeatedly for a long period of time, certain things are thought to increase the risk of RSI, high intense activity, poor posture, stress, cold temperatures. […] Repetitive jobs at work over a long period of time are the main cause of Repetitive Strain Injury. Factory workers, keyboard users and administration or computer programmers are just some jobs that are prone to these repeated movements at work. […] Office jobs based on using a keyboard can cause RSI particularly if the duties include data entry, for example in sales order processing, invoicing etc. This is particularly the case if these duties amount to two hours a day or more especially when the staff member is not able to take regular breaks to rest the affected limb or area.

• #21 Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI): Causes, Prevention, and More

  https://www.healthline.com/health/repetitive-strain-injury

  A repetitive strain injury (RSI), sometimes referred to as repetitive stress injury, is a gradual buildup of damage to muscles, tendons, and nerves from repetitive motions. RSIs are common and may be caused by many different types of activities, including: […] RSI can occur when you do repetitive movements. Those movements can cause your muscles and tendons to become damaged over time. […] Some activities that can increase your risk for RSI are: stressing the same muscles through repetition, maintaining the same posture for long periods of time, maintaining an abnormal posture for an extended period of time, such as holding your arms over your head, lifting heavy objects, being in poor physical condition or not exercising enough. […] Previous injuries or conditions, such as a rotator cuff tear or an injury to your wrist, back, or shoulder, can also predispose you to RSI. […] Desk jobs are not the only occupations whose workers are at risk for RSI. Other occupations that involve repetitive movements and may increase your risk include: dental hygienists, construction workers who use power tools, cleaners, cooks, bus drivers, musicians.

• #22 Repetitive Strain Injury: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment | Apricus Health

  https://www.apricushealth.com.au/repetitive-strain-injury-causes-symptoms-and-treatment/

  While RSIs are most commonly a consequence of poor work environments, it is important to clarify that they can also develop from certain sports or hobbies, such as cycling, video games, gardening and craft. […] RSIs can affect anyone who is not conscious of their daily habits and routines and allows themselves to fall into bad habits whether that’s poor posture or not taking any breaks during work. […] The most common symptoms of a repetitive strain injury are: Persistent or recurring pain, Weakness or numbness, Tenderness and sensitivity, Stiffness and reduced mobility, Throbbing or a tingling sensation. […] The main goal when treating a repetitive strain injury is to alleviate the pain, reduce inflammation, and restore proper, pain-free function. […] While repetitive strain injuries can cause significant pain and discomfort over long periods, they are not usually permanent.

• #23 What Are Common Causes of Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI)? – Petro Cohen

  https://petrocohen.com/blog/common-causes-of-repetitive-strain-injury-rsi-petro-cohen/

  According to the National Safety Council (NSC), one-third of all job-related injuries result from overexertion. This includes repetitive strain. Repetitive strain injuries (RSI) can be painful and debilitating, and they can also be extremely costly when they prevent you from doing your job. […] Many different types of job-related activities can cause repetitive strain injuries. If you believe that your injury is related to your employment, you will need to work with your workers’ compensation attorney to prove how you were injured. Some of the most common causes of work-related repetitive strain injuries include: Typing on a desktop computer, laptop, or tablet, Using a computer mouse, Sitting or standing for prolonged periods, Swiping merchandise at the register, Lifting, twisting, and bending, Carrying heavy loads, Driving, Operating heavy machinery, Working with hand tools, Working on an assembly line, Playing sports (as a professional athlete).

• #24 What are Common Causes of Repetitive Strain Injuries?

  https://www.federalinjurycenters.com/what-are-common-causes-of-repetitive-strain-injury-rsi/

  As the name would imply, a repetitive strain injury is caused over time by repeating the same actions regularly. […] Some of the common causes of repetitive strain injury include: Operating heavy machinery, Driving, Using hand tools, Typing on the computer, Sitting or standing for long periods of time, Lifting, Bending, And more. […] There are a LOT of federal jobs that require employees to perform the same motions over and over daily. […] Twisting, bending, and lifting to pick up packages regularly, whether sorting or delivering, could possibly create an RSI. […] If you suspect you have developed an RSI from your job, call our FIC Trained Federal Work Injury Doctors in Houston for help.

• #25 Repetitive strain injury (RSI)

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/repetitive-strain-injury-rsi/

  Repetitive strain injury (RSI) is caused by repeated use of a body part, such as your shoulder, elbow, forearm, wrist or hand. […] For example, you can get RSI if: you do repetitive activities like hairdressing, decorating, typing or working on an assembly line. […] Pain in a part of the body like the arm is often caused by a combination of things, including aging.

• #26 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/Causes-of-repetitive-strain-injury-(RSI).aspx

  An awkward posture occurs when the body remains at a position different from its neutral position. […] Continuous use of the same set of muscles cause them to develop fatigue. […] All work requires force. However, if the force required to perform the activity overloads the muscles, joints, tendons etc. there may be excessive strain on the tissues leading to RSI. […] These are dangerous when they use the same joints and muscle groups over and over. This leads to muscle fatigue that is unable to rest in between two movements. […] Vibrations responsible for RSI are of two major types: hand or arm vibrations or whole body vibrations.

• #27 RSI in the Workplace inc Work Related Upper Limb Disorder and Computing | AbilityNet

  https://abilitynet.org.uk/factsheets/rsi-in-the-workplace

  Prevention of RSI is far easier than cure. Even if you do not have any symptoms, you should adapt your work to reduce risk: adjusting your workstation to ensure it is set up properly for you to work comfortably, using your computer equipment correctly to reduce potential strain, taking short, regular breaks (every 20-30 minutes) from protracted keyboard / screen work, varying your tasks as much as possible. […] Maintaining a good posture (with a supported back and relaxed shoulders) and adjusting your chair to the correct height that enables you to use the keyboard with your forearms and wrists in a neutral position, parallel with the floor. […] Simple measures using standard equipment that help to prevent RSI are: resting your feet flat on the floor, or on a footrest, sitting central to the curve on any curved desk, placing your screen at eye level and directly in front of you, having your keyboard directly in front of you, with a space at the front of the desk to rest your wrists when you are not typing, positioning your mouse as close to you as possible so you can use it with your wrist in a neutral position, avoiding awkward bending.

• #28 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/Causes-of-repetitive-strain-injury-(RSI).aspx

  An awkward posture occurs when the body remains at a position different from its neutral position. […] Continuous use of the same set of muscles cause them to develop fatigue. […] All work requires force. However, if the force required to perform the activity overloads the muscles, joints, tendons etc. there may be excessive strain on the tissues leading to RSI. […] These are dangerous when they use the same joints and muscle groups over and over. This leads to muscle fatigue that is unable to rest in between two movements. […] Vibrations responsible for RSI are of two major types: hand or arm vibrations or whole body vibrations.

• #29 Repetitive Strain Injury Treatment | Physiomed

  https://www.physiomed.ca/conditions/repetitive-strain-injuries-treatment/

  Awkward Postures: Working with your wrists bent or reaching overhead for long periods puts strain on your muscles and joints. Static postures can also pinch nerves and reduce blood flow. […] Excessive Force: Gripping, pinching, pulling, lifting or carrying heavy objects forces soft tissues beyond their physical limits. […] Localized Pressure: Pressing against hard or sharp edges (like resting wrists on a desk) compresses your nerves and tendons. […] Vibration: Exposure to vibrating hand tools and machinery increases your risk by constricting blood vessels and damaging tissues. […] Cold Exposure: Prolonged exposure to cold air reduces your circulation and makes your tissues more prone to injury. […] Underlying Medical Issues: Conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes and thyroid disorders increase your vulnerability. […] Combinations of these factors along with inadequate rest periods often underlie many RSIs.

• #30 Repetitive strain injury – causes, symptoms, and treatment

  https://www.bauerfeind-group.com/en/health/hand-wrist/wrist-pain-symptoms-causes-treatment/repetitive-strain-injury-causes-symptoms-and-treatment

  If no countermeasures are taken, the condition will become chronic. During this stage, the brain learns that certain movements cause pain. This learning outcome is reinforced by constant repetition. Thats how the pain memory makes a connection between the activity and pain. According to experts, this is exactly why the problems quickly return even after extended breaks from exertion. […] Very frequently, the cause of repetitive strain injury is a lack of ergonomics at work: poor posture, having the chair too high or too low, and a lack of wrist rests as part of the mouse pad and keyboard advance the development of repetitive strain injury. Add to that awkward movements and joint positions (forced postures) that subject the joints, muscles, and tendons to excessive strain.

• #31 Repetitive Strain Injury and Computer Users – London Pain Clinic

  https://www.londonpainclinic.com/conditions/repetitive-strain-injury-and-computer-users/

  Repetitive Strain Injury in computers generally occurs due to a mixture of bad ergonomics, poor posture, stress ad repetitive motion. […] Pain or soreness in the neck, shoulders, upper back, wrists or hands that occurs repetitively Tingling, numbness or coldness in the hands and wrists Partial loss of sensation Loss of grip strength, lack of endurance Weakness and fatigue Pain and numbness while lying in the bed. […] For those who work regularly on computers, especially for longer durations, it is important to adopt the following preventive measures to avoid suffering from repetitive strain injuries. […] Pay adequate attention to pain and fatigue and discontinue computer usage before the onset of symptoms. Maintain good postural habits. Take frequent and proper breaks in your work time. […] In this section, we list a brief set of workstation measures to avoid the symptoms of RSIs.

• #32 Repetitive Strain Injury and Computer Users – London Pain Clinic

  https://www.londonpainclinic.com/conditions/repetitive-strain-injury-and-computer-users/

  Repetitive Strain Injury in computers generally occurs due to a mixture of bad ergonomics, poor posture, stress ad repetitive motion. […] Pain or soreness in the neck, shoulders, upper back, wrists or hands that occurs repetitively Tingling, numbness or coldness in the hands and wrists Partial loss of sensation Loss of grip strength, lack of endurance Weakness and fatigue Pain and numbness while lying in the bed. […] For those who work regularly on computers, especially for longer durations, it is important to adopt the following preventive measures to avoid suffering from repetitive strain injuries. […] Pay adequate attention to pain and fatigue and discontinue computer usage before the onset of symptoms. Maintain good postural habits. Take frequent and proper breaks in your work time. […] In this section, we list a brief set of workstation measures to avoid the symptoms of RSIs.

• #33 RSI in the Workplace inc Work Related Upper Limb Disorder and Computing | AbilityNet

  https://abilitynet.org.uk/factsheets/rsi-in-the-workplace

  Apart from the adjustments you can make to standard input devices, various non-standard keyboards and mice are available that can improve the positioning of your hands and wrist thereby reducing strain. […] The main problem with laptops is that the keyboard is attached to the screen, this tends to create a poor posture. To reduce such risks when working with a laptop for sustained periods, a good practice is to: use a separate keyboard, screen, and mouse, place your laptop on a raiser (so the screen can be raised as close to eye-level as possible), take regular short breaks to relieve upper body tension, sit up straight with your back supported.

• #34 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/Causes-of-repetitive-strain-injury-(RSI).aspx

  Depletion of energy giving adenosine triphosphate (ATP) due to ischemia. […] Psychosocial factors related to work conditions. […] Activities that can raise the risk of RSI include: repetitions, doing the same activity over a long period of time without rest, working with force such as lifting heavy objects, maintaining a poor or awkward posture or position for a long time without rest. […] Working in cold climates, with instruments that vibrate and stress also raises the risk of RSI. […] RSI tends to worsen by pressure related movements like twisting, hammering and pounding, squeezing, pushing, pulling, lifting or reaching. […] Other factors are too fast or excessive workloads, long hours and lack of rest in between. […] Risk of RSI thus can be classified as awkward or static posture, force, repetition of movements, and vibration.

• #35 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/Causes-of-repetitive-strain-injury-(RSI).aspx

  An awkward posture occurs when the body remains at a position different from its neutral position. […] Continuous use of the same set of muscles cause them to develop fatigue. […] All work requires force. However, if the force required to perform the activity overloads the muscles, joints, tendons etc. there may be excessive strain on the tissues leading to RSI. […] These are dangerous when they use the same joints and muscle groups over and over. This leads to muscle fatigue that is unable to rest in between two movements. […] Vibrations responsible for RSI are of two major types: hand or arm vibrations or whole body vibrations.

• #36 Repetitive Strain Injury/Cumulative Trauma Disorder – Golden State Orthopedics & Spine

  https://www.goldenstateortho.com/repetitive-strain-trauma-disorder/

  Repetitive motion or stress injuries affecting the hand and wrist are commonly referred to as Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI) or Cumulative Trauma Disorder (CTD). […] These conditions are characterized by irritation or damage to tendons, nerves, and other soft tissues due to repetitive motions, forceful exertions, vibrations, or sustained or awkward positions. […] Reasons an individual may suffer from symptoms of RSI or CTA include: Continuous and repetitive hand and wrist movements without adequate rest. […] Excessive force applied during activities. […] Prolonged or awkward positions of the hand and wrist. […] Exposure to vibrations, such as using vibrating tools.

• #37

  https://www.carpalrx.com/repetitive-stress-injury

  Repetitive strain injuries of the wrist and hand are often a chronic condition. They develop over time because of excessive forces through the hand and wrist. […] The risk of developing a repetitive stress (or strain) injury is increased with repetitive activities. These include prolonged high-intensity activity without rest, and activities that involve working in an awkward position or with poor posture. […] The term „Repetitive Stress Injury” or RSI means exactly what it’s name implies. That is, injuring yourself by repetitively stressing a joint. […] A number of harmful activities can result in repetitive stress injury of the wrist and hand. The most common are listed below. […] Rapid and forceful movements will cause repetitive stress injury in the hands and arms. In fact, repetitively using the hands is the most commonly cited factor for acquiring this condition.

• #38 Repetitive Strain Injury Treatment | Physiomed

  https://www.physiomed.ca/conditions/repetitive-strain-injuries-treatment/

  Awkward Postures: Working with your wrists bent or reaching overhead for long periods puts strain on your muscles and joints. Static postures can also pinch nerves and reduce blood flow. […] Excessive Force: Gripping, pinching, pulling, lifting or carrying heavy objects forces soft tissues beyond their physical limits. […] Localized Pressure: Pressing against hard or sharp edges (like resting wrists on a desk) compresses your nerves and tendons. […] Vibration: Exposure to vibrating hand tools and machinery increases your risk by constricting blood vessels and damaging tissues. […] Cold Exposure: Prolonged exposure to cold air reduces your circulation and makes your tissues more prone to injury. […] Underlying Medical Issues: Conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes and thyroid disorders increase your vulnerability. […] Combinations of these factors along with inadequate rest periods often underlie many RSIs.

• #39 Avoiding a Repetitive Strain Injury | Mass General Brigham

  https://www.massgeneralbrigham.org/en/about/newsroom/articles/repetitive-motion-injuries

  A repetitive strain injury, or repetitive motion injury, is a condition that results from repeating the same movement during physical activities, like sports or job-related tasks. Repetitive motion can cause injury to your muscles, nerves, and tendons. […] While regular physical activity is vital for our joint (and overall) health, excessive repetitive motion may be harmful to our bodies. Too much repetition, particularly with unnatural movements or those involving strong forces, can wear down cartilage, tighten muscles, and reduce flexibility. This increases your risk of chronic pain or strain. […] Actions that contribute to developing a repetitive strain injury include performing the same motion over and over for extended periods, standing or bending in an unnatural position without rest, leading to poor posture and discomfort, lifting heavy objects that put added stress on muscles and tendons, and using inadequate workplace equipment, such as poorly configured computer setups and non-ergonomic chairs.

• #40 Repetitive Strain Injury Claims (RSI) | Repetitive Strain Compensation Claim

  https://wolferstans.com/knowledge/repetitive-strain-injury/

  Repetitive Strain Injury Claims (RSI) […] The term Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI) is used to describe pain that is felt in muscles, nerves and tendons and is caused by repetitive movement and overuse. RSI is the more commonly used term for work related upper limb disorders or non-specific upper limb pain. […] RSI is caused by the overuse of muscles and tendons in the upper body. The risk of RSI is increased where a person carries out repetitive tasks, does a high intensity activity for long period without rest and/or has to work in an awkward position. Cold temperatures and vibrating equipment may also increase the risk and make symptoms worse as can stress. […] The types of repetitive activity can include twisting, pushing, pulling, lifting, reaching, squeezing and hammering.

• #41 Repetitive strain injury (RSI) | nidirect

  https://www.nidirect.gov.uk/conditions/repetitive-strain-injury-rsi

  Repetitive strain injury (RSI) is a general term used to describe the pain in muscles, nerves and tendons caused by repetitive movement and overuse. […] RSI is related to the overuse of muscles and tendons in the upper body. […] Certain things are thought to increase the risk of RSI, including: repetitive activities, doing a high-intensity activity for a long time without rest, poor posture or activities that require you to work in an awkward position. […] Cold temperatures and vibrating equipment are also thought to increase the risk of getting RSI and can make the symptoms worse. Stress can also be a contributing cause. […] A variety of jobs can lead to RSI, such as working at an assembly line, at a supermarket checkout or typing at a computer.

• #42 What Are Common Causes of Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI)? – Petro Cohen

  https://petrocohen.com/blog/common-causes-of-repetitive-strain-injury-rsi-petro-cohen/

  While a repetitive strain is enough on its own to cause injuries such as carpal tunnel syndrome, bursitis, tendonitis, tenosynovitis, and lower back pain, there are a number of factors that can increase the risk of suffering a work-related RSI. Some examples of the types of factors that can increase the risk of suffering a repetitive strain injury at work include: Working in a cold or hot environment, Working with vibrating tools or equipment, Performing work activities that are particularly forceful or strenuous, Needing to hold the same position for long periods (e.g., while typing, driving, or working at a register), Working under stress (e.g., due to tight deadlines), Working while fatigued (e.g. due to working extra hours or long shifts), Working for extended periods of time without adequate rest in between.

• #43 Repetitive strain injury (RSI) – Causes of repetitive strain injury (RSI) | Clear Chemist

  https://www.clearchemist.co.uk/az-health/repetitive-strain-injury-rsi/causes-of-repetitive-strain-injury-rsi

  Repetitive strain injury (RSI) is related to the overuse of muscles and tendons in the upper body, especially the hands, wrists, forearms, elbows, shoulders, back or neck. […] Things that can put you at risk of RSI include: […] Cold temperatures and vibrating equipment are also thought to increase the risk of getting RSI and can make the symptoms worse. Stress can also be a contributing factor. […] RSI is most commonly caused by a repeated action carried out on a daily basis. A variety of jobs can lead to RSI, such as working at an assembly line, at a supermarket checkout or typing at a computer.

• #44 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/Causes-of-repetitive-strain-injury-(RSI).aspx

  An awkward posture occurs when the body remains at a position different from its neutral position. […] Continuous use of the same set of muscles cause them to develop fatigue. […] All work requires force. However, if the force required to perform the activity overloads the muscles, joints, tendons etc. there may be excessive strain on the tissues leading to RSI. […] These are dangerous when they use the same joints and muscle groups over and over. This leads to muscle fatigue that is unable to rest in between two movements. […] Vibrations responsible for RSI are of two major types: hand or arm vibrations or whole body vibrations.

• #45 Repetitive Strain Injury Treatment | Physiomed

  https://www.physiomed.ca/conditions/repetitive-strain-injuries-treatment/

  Awkward Postures: Working with your wrists bent or reaching overhead for long periods puts strain on your muscles and joints. Static postures can also pinch nerves and reduce blood flow. […] Excessive Force: Gripping, pinching, pulling, lifting or carrying heavy objects forces soft tissues beyond their physical limits. […] Localized Pressure: Pressing against hard or sharp edges (like resting wrists on a desk) compresses your nerves and tendons. […] Vibration: Exposure to vibrating hand tools and machinery increases your risk by constricting blood vessels and damaging tissues. […] Cold Exposure: Prolonged exposure to cold air reduces your circulation and makes your tissues more prone to injury. […] Underlying Medical Issues: Conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes and thyroid disorders increase your vulnerability. […] Combinations of these factors along with inadequate rest periods often underlie many RSIs.

• #46 Arm and hand pain: Repetitive stress injury (RSI) causes – Christina’s Pain Therapy Blog

  https://abbottcenter.com/bostonpaintherapy/2010/04/12/arm-and-hand-pain-repetitive-stress-injury-rsi-causes/

  4) Stretching is extremely important and vastly underrated. […] 5) Water is essential for everything that happens in the body. Without sufficient water the body holds fluids, decreasing the release of damaging wastes and dehydrating the muscles so that more friction can cause inflammation. […] 6) Genetic and systemic factors can increase the risk of injury. Structural asymmetries, underactive thyroid function, circulatory insufficiency, food and environmental allergies, chronic infections and infestations, endocrine imbalances and viral infections are all things to consider. […] 7) Other mechanical stresses can be significant such as furniture that doesn’t support the body, prolonged immobility, compression or constriction, and poor body mechanics. […] 8) Nutritional inadequacies like vitamin deficiencies and poor eating habits are more common sources than you would think.

• #47 Repetitive Strain Injuries | Canadian Union of Public Employees

  https://cupe.ca/repetitive-strain-injuries

  Repetitive strain injuries (RSIs) are injuries that happen when you do the same motion over and over, causing stress to your body. These injuries usually affect parts of your body like muscles, nerves and tendons. Common places for RSIs are your wrists, elbows, neck and shoulders. […] RSIs are often caused by the way we work. For instance, a maintenance worker might experience pain from using force repetitively and working in awkward positions, while an office worker might develop RSIs from using a non-ergonomic keyboard and sitting without proper wrist support. […] Other things that can lead to RSIs are working too much or too quickly, doing the same job all the time, using old or broken equipment, feeling stressed, working extra hours, not having enough training and vibration from tools or machines.

• #48

  https://psacunion.ca/repetitive-strain-injuries

  The causes of repetitive strain injuries can be classified in the following ways: Rapid movement injuries, caused by repeated rapid movements; Forceful movement injuries, caused by exertion of muscle movement; Static loading injuries, caused by fixed positioning with unsupported limbs. Such injuries can be caused by either too little movement or excessive movement while handling either light or heavy loads. Often, repetitive strain injuries have multiple causes. […] Any work that forces a person into an unnatural position can lead to repetitive strain injuries. Regular work activities such as the forceful twisting of screwdrivers, repetitive finger movements without rest, sitting in an uncomfortable position, bending the wrists for long periods, working with arms above shoulder length, gripping tools forcefully, etc. strain tendons, ligaments and muscles, causing injury. Repetitive strain injuries are linked to the type of work activity, the tools used and the design of the work station.

• #49 What Are Common Causes of Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI)? – Petro Cohen

  https://petrocohen.com/blog/common-causes-of-repetitive-strain-injury-rsi-petro-cohen/

  While a repetitive strain is enough on its own to cause injuries such as carpal tunnel syndrome, bursitis, tendonitis, tenosynovitis, and lower back pain, there are a number of factors that can increase the risk of suffering a work-related RSI. Some examples of the types of factors that can increase the risk of suffering a repetitive strain injury at work include: Working in a cold or hot environment, Working with vibrating tools or equipment, Performing work activities that are particularly forceful or strenuous, Needing to hold the same position for long periods (e.g., while typing, driving, or working at a register), Working under stress (e.g., due to tight deadlines), Working while fatigued (e.g. due to working extra hours or long shifts), Working for extended periods of time without adequate rest in between.

• #50

  https://psacunion.ca/repetitive-strain-injuries

  The causes of repetitive strain injuries can be classified in the following ways: Rapid movement injuries, caused by repeated rapid movements; Forceful movement injuries, caused by exertion of muscle movement; Static loading injuries, caused by fixed positioning with unsupported limbs. Such injuries can be caused by either too little movement or excessive movement while handling either light or heavy loads. Often, repetitive strain injuries have multiple causes. […] Any work that forces a person into an unnatural position can lead to repetitive strain injuries. Regular work activities such as the forceful twisting of screwdrivers, repetitive finger movements without rest, sitting in an uncomfortable position, bending the wrists for long periods, working with arms above shoulder length, gripping tools forcefully, etc. strain tendons, ligaments and muscles, causing injury. Repetitive strain injuries are linked to the type of work activity, the tools used and the design of the work station.

• #51 What Are Common Causes of Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI)? – Petro Cohen

  https://petrocohen.com/blog/common-causes-of-repetitive-strain-injury-rsi-petro-cohen/

  While a repetitive strain is enough on its own to cause injuries such as carpal tunnel syndrome, bursitis, tendonitis, tenosynovitis, and lower back pain, there are a number of factors that can increase the risk of suffering a work-related RSI. Some examples of the types of factors that can increase the risk of suffering a repetitive strain injury at work include: Working in a cold or hot environment, Working with vibrating tools or equipment, Performing work activities that are particularly forceful or strenuous, Needing to hold the same position for long periods (e.g., while typing, driving, or working at a register), Working under stress (e.g., due to tight deadlines), Working while fatigued (e.g. due to working extra hours or long shifts), Working for extended periods of time without adequate rest in between.

• #52 Understanding Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI) – Because Work Shouldn’t Be a Pain | Avetta

  https://www.avetta.com/blog/understanding-repetitive-strain-injury-rsi-because-work-shouldnt-be-a-pain

  Options to preventing RSI include: Focus on eliminating repetitive work through job design which may involve mechanizing certain tasks. Structure jobs so that workers can rotate between different tasks, using different muscles groups. Create a well-designed workstation that is adjusted to fit the worker and allows standing, sitting, or sitting-standing positions. Provide workers with appropriate, carefully maintained tools and equipment to reduce the force needed to complete tasks and prevent muscle strain, and avoid awkward positions. Train workers to understand what causes these injuries, how best to prevent them, and how to recognize the early signs and symptoms of RSI. Educate workers on how to adjust workstations to fit their tasks and individual needs. Encourage workers to take short, frequent rest breaks. […] RSIs are the most frequent type of lost-time injury and the single largest source of lost-time cost, specifically in Canada.

• #53 Repetitive Strain Injuries | Canadian Union of Public Employees

  https://cupe.ca/repetitive-strain-injuries

  Repetitive strain injuries (RSIs) are injuries that happen when you do the same motion over and over, causing stress to your body. These injuries usually affect parts of your body like muscles, nerves and tendons. Common places for RSIs are your wrists, elbows, neck and shoulders. […] RSIs are often caused by the way we work. For instance, a maintenance worker might experience pain from using force repetitively and working in awkward positions, while an office worker might develop RSIs from using a non-ergonomic keyboard and sitting without proper wrist support. […] Other things that can lead to RSIs are working too much or too quickly, doing the same job all the time, using old or broken equipment, feeling stressed, working extra hours, not having enough training and vibration from tools or machines.

• #54 Repetitive Strain Injuries | Canadian Union of Public Employees

  https://cupe.ca/repetitive-strain-injuries

  Repetitive strain injuries (RSIs) are injuries that happen when you do the same motion over and over, causing stress to your body. These injuries usually affect parts of your body like muscles, nerves and tendons. Common places for RSIs are your wrists, elbows, neck and shoulders. […] RSIs are often caused by the way we work. For instance, a maintenance worker might experience pain from using force repetitively and working in awkward positions, while an office worker might develop RSIs from using a non-ergonomic keyboard and sitting without proper wrist support. […] Other things that can lead to RSIs are working too much or too quickly, doing the same job all the time, using old or broken equipment, feeling stressed, working extra hours, not having enough training and vibration from tools or machines.

• #55 Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI): Causes and Symptoms

  https://patient.info/bones-joints-muscles/tendinopathy-and-tenosynovitis-tendinosis/repetitive-strain-injury

  Repetitive strain injury (RSI) is a condition where pain and other symptoms occur in an area of the body which has done repetitive tasks (often the arms, wrists or hands). Repetitive strain means strain related to actions which are frequently repeated. […] The term repetitive strain injury (RSI) is used to describe a range of painful conditions of the muscles, tendons and other soft tissues. It is mainly caused by repetitive use of part of the body. […] The main cause is frequent and repetitive movements of the same part of the body – for example, typing, using a computer mouse a lot, etc. Other risk factors may contribute, such as poor posture whilst doing the movement, using excessive force whilst doing the movement and not having enough breaks from the task. […] However, the precise reason why repetitive strain injury develops is not clear. In many cases there is no swelling or inflammation and there are no other obvious problems which develop in the muscles and tendons, and yet symptoms develop. […] Research suggests that psychosocial workplace factors (which usually means stress at work) can also contribute to RSI. It may be that stress increases muscle tension and/or affects how the body feels pain in general.

• #56 Repetitive strain injury (RSI) | EBSCO Research Starters

  https://www.ebsco.com/research-starters/health-and-medicine/repetitive-strain-injury-rsi

  Repetitive strain injury (RSI) is a condition that arises from repetitive motions and activities, commonly seen in professions involving assembly-line work, computer use, and certain sports or crafts. […] The causes of RSI can include awkward postures, mechanical compression, and repetitive tasks, with some individuals being more susceptible than others due to factors that may include workplace stress. […] RSI may be caused by a number of actions, such as awkward or sustained positions, mechanical compression (pressing against hard surfaces), and repetitive tasks. […] Some causes of RSI include overuse of muscles in the arms, back, hands, neck, shoulders, and wrists; repetitious actions, often performed daily for a long time; a cold work environment; vibrating equipment; poorly designed equipment and/or poorly organized work areas; forceful movement; infrequent rest breaks; and awkward posture. […] Researchers are examining psycho-social factors in the workplace, such as stress, to see if they factor into RSI development. One theory is that stress causes tension in the muscles, which might cause pain sensitivity.

• #57 Repetitive strain injury (RSI) – Causes of repetitive strain injury (RSI) | Clear Chemist

  https://www.clearchemist.co.uk/az-health/repetitive-strain-injury-rsi/causes-of-repetitive-strain-injury-rsi

  Repetitive strain injury (RSI) is related to the overuse of muscles and tendons in the upper body, especially the hands, wrists, forearms, elbows, shoulders, back or neck. […] Things that can put you at risk of RSI include: […] Cold temperatures and vibrating equipment are also thought to increase the risk of getting RSI and can make the symptoms worse. Stress can also be a contributing factor. […] RSI is most commonly caused by a repeated action carried out on a daily basis. A variety of jobs can lead to RSI, such as working at an assembly line, at a supermarket checkout or typing at a computer.

• #58

  https://www.carpalrx.com/repetitive-stress-injury

  Doctors implicate computer overuse, constant text messaging, and prolonged video gaming as among the most prevalent factors in producing new cases of repetitive stress injury. […] Poor posture at your computer workstation has been implicated as one of the major contributors to the surge in repetitive stress injury. Poor posture while sitting at your workstation aggravates any repetitive motions while typing and using the mouse. […] Day to day, these stresses accumulate. Over a period of months or years they can result in severe disability if you don’t begin a good prevention program first. […] Emotional stress, personality, depression, and fatigue also are factors associated with repetitive stress injury. While their contributions are not well understood, the link is nonetheless there.

• #59 Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI) Explained | Hilary King, MSTAT

  https://www.hilaryking.net/alexander-technique/repetitive-strain-injury-rsi

  Poorly designed or badly placed equipment, or a musical instrument that is held in a way that hampers movement, can contribute to the condition. […] Even with good ergonomically designed equipment, many people still have poor posture and general misuse which contracts muscles and reduces the capacity of the body to function properly. […] Over-long working hours and a too-heavy schedule put too many extra demands on people, so that they become exhausted and far less able to take care of their use whilst working and performing. […] High stress levels can result in extra tension and feeling down which can interfere with our poise, restrict our movements, create mis-use and sometimes lead to RSI.

• #60

  https://www.carpalrx.com/repetitive-stress-injury

  Doctors implicate computer overuse, constant text messaging, and prolonged video gaming as among the most prevalent factors in producing new cases of repetitive stress injury. […] Poor posture at your computer workstation has been implicated as one of the major contributors to the surge in repetitive stress injury. Poor posture while sitting at your workstation aggravates any repetitive motions while typing and using the mouse. […] Day to day, these stresses accumulate. Over a period of months or years they can result in severe disability if you don’t begin a good prevention program first. […] Emotional stress, personality, depression, and fatigue also are factors associated with repetitive stress injury. While their contributions are not well understood, the link is nonetheless there.

• #61 Causes – Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI)

  https://www.rsipain.com/causes.php

  As described on the page What is RSI?, a repetitive motion is the leading cause of RSI. Minimal tissue damage is usually repaired during rest periods (e.g. overnight). But if those rest periods are too short or the strain is too high, those small tissue damages add up until eventually a level is reached where your forearms start to ache. „But I’m only moving my fingers, that’s not exhausting?!” Well, it is. Thousands of repetitions do affect muscles, tendons, nerves and joints, even if the pain only becomes apparent after some time. […] RSI is not always a consequence of mere physical overload. As explained in the previous section, in most cases the psyche also plays a role (albeit minor). However, it can also be the main cause for some people! Some sufferers would normally stop reading now: „My pain is real, I am not imagining it!” Of course, your pain is real, but it may not be based on small tissue damage. The brain has the possibility to control the blood flow (and hence the supply of oxygen), so the pain might arise in some parts of the body. With this pain the brain tries to distract you from bad experiences / feelings or stress in the subconscious mind. […] The mere fear of RSI can paradoxically trigger RSI. If you think about the possible dire consequences of your work all the time, you almost automatically tense up and will not move naturally. As a result the blood flow deteriorates and you feel pain – a self-fulfilling prophecy.

• #62 Repetitive strain injury – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repetitive_strain_injury

  Muscular, skeletal, or nerve injury due to repetitive actions. Poor ergonomic techniques by computer users is one of many causes of repetitive strain injury. A repetitive strain injury (RSI) is an injury to part of the musculoskeletal or nervous system caused by repetitive use, vibrations, compression or long periods in a fixed position. Other common names include repetitive stress injury, repetitive stress disorders, cumulative trauma disorders (CTDs), and overuse syndrome. A general worldwide increase since the 1970s in RSIs of the arms, hands, neck, and shoulder has been attributed to the widespread use in the workplace of keyboard entry devices, such as typewriters and computers, which require long periods of repetitive motions in a fixed posture. Workers in certain fields are at risk of repetitive strains. Most occupational injuries are musculoskeletal disorders, and many of these are caused by cumulative trauma rather than a single event. Jobs that involve repeated motion patterns or prolonged posture within a work cycle, or both, may be repetitive. Age and gender are important risk factors for RSIs. The risk of RSI increases with age. Women are more likely affected than men because of their smaller frame, lower muscle mass and strength, and endocrine influences. In addition, lifestyle choices such as smoking and alcohol consumption are recognizable risk factors for RSI. Recent scientific findings indicate that obesity and diabetes may predispose an individual to RSIs by creating a chronic low grade inflammatory response that prevents the body from effectively healing damaged tissues.

• #63 Repetitive strain injury (RSI) | Definition & Treatment | Britannica

  https://www.britannica.com/science/repetitive-strain-injury

  repetitive strain injury (RSI), any of a broad range of conditions affecting muscles, tendons, tendon sheaths, nerves, or joints that result particularly from excessive and forceful use. Strain, rapid movement, or constrained or constricted posture may be other causes. […] Risk factors for RSI include occupations involving heavy, stressful schedules of repetitive hand use that demand high levels of accuracy and progressive task difficulty. Work or activities involving forceful, rapid, stereotypical, near simultaneous, or alternating movements also increase the risk of RSI. Other risk factors include personal health issues, such as prior injury or disease or poor hydration or fitness, and psychosocial issues, such as emotional state, personality, or anxiety. […] Normally, structural tissue damage post-injury activates a cellular cascade to mediate inflammation and to initiate tissue repair. However, repetitive injury results in repeated tissue microtrauma, which disrupts the normal repair process. In patients with chronic RSIs, cumulative loading can lead to reduced perfusion (blood supply), reduced function of peripheral nerves, excessive tissue inflammation, scarring, cell compression, extracellular matrix degradation, muscle fibre loss, and cell death.

• #64 Repetitive strain injury – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repetitive_strain_injury

  Muscular, skeletal, or nerve injury due to repetitive actions. Poor ergonomic techniques by computer users is one of many causes of repetitive strain injury. A repetitive strain injury (RSI) is an injury to part of the musculoskeletal or nervous system caused by repetitive use, vibrations, compression or long periods in a fixed position. Other common names include repetitive stress injury, repetitive stress disorders, cumulative trauma disorders (CTDs), and overuse syndrome. A general worldwide increase since the 1970s in RSIs of the arms, hands, neck, and shoulder has been attributed to the widespread use in the workplace of keyboard entry devices, such as typewriters and computers, which require long periods of repetitive motions in a fixed posture. Workers in certain fields are at risk of repetitive strains. Most occupational injuries are musculoskeletal disorders, and many of these are caused by cumulative trauma rather than a single event. Jobs that involve repeated motion patterns or prolonged posture within a work cycle, or both, may be repetitive. Age and gender are important risk factors for RSIs. The risk of RSI increases with age. Women are more likely affected than men because of their smaller frame, lower muscle mass and strength, and endocrine influences. In addition, lifestyle choices such as smoking and alcohol consumption are recognizable risk factors for RSI. Recent scientific findings indicate that obesity and diabetes may predispose an individual to RSIs by creating a chronic low grade inflammatory response that prevents the body from effectively healing damaged tissues.

• #65 Repetitive strain injury – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repetitive_strain_injury

  Muscular, skeletal, or nerve injury due to repetitive actions. Poor ergonomic techniques by computer users is one of many causes of repetitive strain injury. A repetitive strain injury (RSI) is an injury to part of the musculoskeletal or nervous system caused by repetitive use, vibrations, compression or long periods in a fixed position. Other common names include repetitive stress injury, repetitive stress disorders, cumulative trauma disorders (CTDs), and overuse syndrome. A general worldwide increase since the 1970s in RSIs of the arms, hands, neck, and shoulder has been attributed to the widespread use in the workplace of keyboard entry devices, such as typewriters and computers, which require long periods of repetitive motions in a fixed posture. Workers in certain fields are at risk of repetitive strains. Most occupational injuries are musculoskeletal disorders, and many of these are caused by cumulative trauma rather than a single event. Jobs that involve repeated motion patterns or prolonged posture within a work cycle, or both, may be repetitive. Age and gender are important risk factors for RSIs. The risk of RSI increases with age. Women are more likely affected than men because of their smaller frame, lower muscle mass and strength, and endocrine influences. In addition, lifestyle choices such as smoking and alcohol consumption are recognizable risk factors for RSI. Recent scientific findings indicate that obesity and diabetes may predispose an individual to RSIs by creating a chronic low grade inflammatory response that prevents the body from effectively healing damaged tissues.

• #66 [Repetitive strain injury (RSI): occurrence, etiology, therapy and prevention] – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12420421/

  In the Netherlands, work related upper-limb disorders are called Repetitive Strain Injuries (RSI). RSI is not a diagnosis but a catch-all term for symptoms and signs located in the neck, upper back, shoulder, arm, elbow, hand, wrist and fingers. These symptoms may include pain, stiffness, tingling, clumsiness, loss of co-ordination, loss of strength, skin discoloration and temperature differences. Each year, 8% of working Dutch citizens take time off work due to RSI symptoms. […] There is consensus that repetitive work at a high frequency and possibly accompanied by exertion of force is accompanied by RSI symptoms. There are indications of a relation between visual display unit use and these symptoms. […] High perceived job stress and a high workload are thought to be related to RSI, and women report more symptoms than men.

• #67 Repetitive Strain Injuries | Canadian Union of Public Employees

  https://cupe.ca/repetitive-strain-injuries

  Some physicians have suggested that women are more prone to RSIs. Its more likely that women receive these injuries because they more commonly work in roles with repetitive tasks (like typing or cleaning). Also, the tools in these jobs are often designed for the average mans hand size, not considering the smaller grip size of many women, which can lead to more injuries.

• #68 Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI): Causes, Prevention, and More

  https://www.healthline.com/health/repetitive-strain-injury

  A repetitive strain injury (RSI), sometimes referred to as repetitive stress injury, is a gradual buildup of damage to muscles, tendons, and nerves from repetitive motions. RSIs are common and may be caused by many different types of activities, including: […] RSI can occur when you do repetitive movements. Those movements can cause your muscles and tendons to become damaged over time. […] Some activities that can increase your risk for RSI are: stressing the same muscles through repetition, maintaining the same posture for long periods of time, maintaining an abnormal posture for an extended period of time, such as holding your arms over your head, lifting heavy objects, being in poor physical condition or not exercising enough. […] Previous injuries or conditions, such as a rotator cuff tear or an injury to your wrist, back, or shoulder, can also predispose you to RSI. […] Desk jobs are not the only occupations whose workers are at risk for RSI. Other occupations that involve repetitive movements and may increase your risk include: dental hygienists, construction workers who use power tools, cleaners, cooks, bus drivers, musicians.

• #69 Repetitive Strain Injury

  https://web.eecs.umich.edu/~cscott/rsi.html

  Repetitive strain injury (RSI) is defined as a cumulative trauma disorder (CTD) stemming from prolonged repetitive, forceful, or awkward hand movements. The result is damage to muscles, tendons, and nerves of the neck, shoulder, forearm, and hand, which can cause pain, weakness, numbness, or impairment of motor control. […] Fine hand movements, repeated hour after hour, day after day, thousands upon thousands of times, eventually strain the muscles and tendons of the forearms, wrists, and fingers, causing microscopic tears. […] The three primary risk factors are poor posture, poor technique, and overuse. […] You may be at risk for developing an RSI if you: Have poor posture, Have poor technique, Use a computer more than two to four hours a day, Have a job that requires constant computer use, especially heavy input, Don’t take frequent breaks, Are loose-jointed, Don’t exercise regularly, Work in a high-pressure environment, Have arthritis, diabetes, or another serious medical condition, Keep your fingernails long, Have an unhealthy, stressful, or sedentary lifestyle, Weigh more than you should, Don’t sleep well, Are afraid to ask for better accommodations, Won’t accept that you are at risk when you really are.

• #70 Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI): Causes, Prevention, and More

  https://www.healthline.com/health/repetitive-strain-injury

  A repetitive strain injury (RSI), sometimes referred to as repetitive stress injury, is a gradual buildup of damage to muscles, tendons, and nerves from repetitive motions. RSIs are common and may be caused by many different types of activities, including: […] RSI can occur when you do repetitive movements. Those movements can cause your muscles and tendons to become damaged over time. […] Some activities that can increase your risk for RSI are: stressing the same muscles through repetition, maintaining the same posture for long periods of time, maintaining an abnormal posture for an extended period of time, such as holding your arms over your head, lifting heavy objects, being in poor physical condition or not exercising enough. […] Previous injuries or conditions, such as a rotator cuff tear or an injury to your wrist, back, or shoulder, can also predispose you to RSI. […] Desk jobs are not the only occupations whose workers are at risk for RSI. Other occupations that involve repetitive movements and may increase your risk include: dental hygienists, construction workers who use power tools, cleaners, cooks, bus drivers, musicians.

• #71 Repetitive strain injury (RSI) | Definition & Treatment | Britannica

  https://www.britannica.com/science/repetitive-strain-injury

  repetitive strain injury (RSI), any of a broad range of conditions affecting muscles, tendons, tendon sheaths, nerves, or joints that result particularly from excessive and forceful use. Strain, rapid movement, or constrained or constricted posture may be other causes. […] Risk factors for RSI include occupations involving heavy, stressful schedules of repetitive hand use that demand high levels of accuracy and progressive task difficulty. Work or activities involving forceful, rapid, stereotypical, near simultaneous, or alternating movements also increase the risk of RSI. Other risk factors include personal health issues, such as prior injury or disease or poor hydration or fitness, and psychosocial issues, such as emotional state, personality, or anxiety. […] Normally, structural tissue damage post-injury activates a cellular cascade to mediate inflammation and to initiate tissue repair. However, repetitive injury results in repeated tissue microtrauma, which disrupts the normal repair process. In patients with chronic RSIs, cumulative loading can lead to reduced perfusion (blood supply), reduced function of peripheral nerves, excessive tissue inflammation, scarring, cell compression, extracellular matrix degradation, muscle fibre loss, and cell death.

• #72 Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI): Causes, Prevention, and More

  https://www.healthline.com/health/repetitive-strain-injury

  A repetitive strain injury (RSI), sometimes referred to as repetitive stress injury, is a gradual buildup of damage to muscles, tendons, and nerves from repetitive motions. RSIs are common and may be caused by many different types of activities, including: […] RSI can occur when you do repetitive movements. Those movements can cause your muscles and tendons to become damaged over time. […] Some activities that can increase your risk for RSI are: stressing the same muscles through repetition, maintaining the same posture for long periods of time, maintaining an abnormal posture for an extended period of time, such as holding your arms over your head, lifting heavy objects, being in poor physical condition or not exercising enough. […] Previous injuries or conditions, such as a rotator cuff tear or an injury to your wrist, back, or shoulder, can also predispose you to RSI. […] Desk jobs are not the only occupations whose workers are at risk for RSI. Other occupations that involve repetitive movements and may increase your risk include: dental hygienists, construction workers who use power tools, cleaners, cooks, bus drivers, musicians.

• #73 What is Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI)? – Carl Todd Clinic

  https://thecarltoddclinic.com/insights/what-is-repetitive-strain-injury/

  Repetitive Strain Injury, or RSI, is a term used to describe a range of problems that affect tendons, muscles, nerves and joints. Repeated strain damages these tissues, causing pain and loss of strength. […] The common cause of RSI issues is the repetitive overuse of a set of muscles. The reason for this can be varied, but common examples include; Repetitive sports actions. Continuous use of vibrating equipment. Working for extended periods of time in cold temperatures. Poor posture. Working in a non-ergonomically designed environment. Activities that exert a lot of force, for example lifting heavy objects. Holding the same posture for prolonged periods. […] Previous injuries can make an individual more likely to suffer from RSI in the future.

• #74 Repetitive Strain Injury Treatment | Physiomed

  https://www.physiomed.ca/conditions/repetitive-strain-injuries-treatment/

  Awkward Postures: Working with your wrists bent or reaching overhead for long periods puts strain on your muscles and joints. Static postures can also pinch nerves and reduce blood flow. […] Excessive Force: Gripping, pinching, pulling, lifting or carrying heavy objects forces soft tissues beyond their physical limits. […] Localized Pressure: Pressing against hard or sharp edges (like resting wrists on a desk) compresses your nerves and tendons. […] Vibration: Exposure to vibrating hand tools and machinery increases your risk by constricting blood vessels and damaging tissues. […] Cold Exposure: Prolonged exposure to cold air reduces your circulation and makes your tissues more prone to injury. […] Underlying Medical Issues: Conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes and thyroid disorders increase your vulnerability. […] Combinations of these factors along with inadequate rest periods often underlie many RSIs.

• #75 Repetitive strain injury – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repetitive_strain_injury

  Muscular, skeletal, or nerve injury due to repetitive actions. Poor ergonomic techniques by computer users is one of many causes of repetitive strain injury. A repetitive strain injury (RSI) is an injury to part of the musculoskeletal or nervous system caused by repetitive use, vibrations, compression or long periods in a fixed position. Other common names include repetitive stress injury, repetitive stress disorders, cumulative trauma disorders (CTDs), and overuse syndrome. A general worldwide increase since the 1970s in RSIs of the arms, hands, neck, and shoulder has been attributed to the widespread use in the workplace of keyboard entry devices, such as typewriters and computers, which require long periods of repetitive motions in a fixed posture. Workers in certain fields are at risk of repetitive strains. Most occupational injuries are musculoskeletal disorders, and many of these are caused by cumulative trauma rather than a single event. Jobs that involve repeated motion patterns or prolonged posture within a work cycle, or both, may be repetitive. Age and gender are important risk factors for RSIs. The risk of RSI increases with age. Women are more likely affected than men because of their smaller frame, lower muscle mass and strength, and endocrine influences. In addition, lifestyle choices such as smoking and alcohol consumption are recognizable risk factors for RSI. Recent scientific findings indicate that obesity and diabetes may predispose an individual to RSIs by creating a chronic low grade inflammatory response that prevents the body from effectively healing damaged tissues.

• #76 Repetitive strain injury – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repetitive_strain_injury

  Muscular, skeletal, or nerve injury due to repetitive actions. Poor ergonomic techniques by computer users is one of many causes of repetitive strain injury. A repetitive strain injury (RSI) is an injury to part of the musculoskeletal or nervous system caused by repetitive use, vibrations, compression or long periods in a fixed position. Other common names include repetitive stress injury, repetitive stress disorders, cumulative trauma disorders (CTDs), and overuse syndrome. A general worldwide increase since the 1970s in RSIs of the arms, hands, neck, and shoulder has been attributed to the widespread use in the workplace of keyboard entry devices, such as typewriters and computers, which require long periods of repetitive motions in a fixed posture. Workers in certain fields are at risk of repetitive strains. Most occupational injuries are musculoskeletal disorders, and many of these are caused by cumulative trauma rather than a single event. Jobs that involve repeated motion patterns or prolonged posture within a work cycle, or both, may be repetitive. Age and gender are important risk factors for RSIs. The risk of RSI increases with age. Women are more likely affected than men because of their smaller frame, lower muscle mass and strength, and endocrine influences. In addition, lifestyle choices such as smoking and alcohol consumption are recognizable risk factors for RSI. Recent scientific findings indicate that obesity and diabetes may predispose an individual to RSIs by creating a chronic low grade inflammatory response that prevents the body from effectively healing damaged tissues.

• #77 Arm and hand pain: Repetitive stress injury (RSI) causes – Christina’s Pain Therapy Blog

  https://abbottcenter.com/bostonpaintherapy/2010/04/12/arm-and-hand-pain-repetitive-stress-injury-rsi-causes/

  4) Stretching is extremely important and vastly underrated. […] 5) Water is essential for everything that happens in the body. Without sufficient water the body holds fluids, decreasing the release of damaging wastes and dehydrating the muscles so that more friction can cause inflammation. […] 6) Genetic and systemic factors can increase the risk of injury. Structural asymmetries, underactive thyroid function, circulatory insufficiency, food and environmental allergies, chronic infections and infestations, endocrine imbalances and viral infections are all things to consider. […] 7) Other mechanical stresses can be significant such as furniture that doesn’t support the body, prolonged immobility, compression or constriction, and poor body mechanics. […] 8) Nutritional inadequacies like vitamin deficiencies and poor eating habits are more common sources than you would think.

• #78 Arm and hand pain: Repetitive stress injury (RSI) causes – Christina’s Pain Therapy Blog

  https://abbottcenter.com/bostonpaintherapy/2010/04/12/arm-and-hand-pain-repetitive-stress-injury-rsi-causes/

  4) Stretching is extremely important and vastly underrated. […] 5) Water is essential for everything that happens in the body. Without sufficient water the body holds fluids, decreasing the release of damaging wastes and dehydrating the muscles so that more friction can cause inflammation. […] 6) Genetic and systemic factors can increase the risk of injury. Structural asymmetries, underactive thyroid function, circulatory insufficiency, food and environmental allergies, chronic infections and infestations, endocrine imbalances and viral infections are all things to consider. […] 7) Other mechanical stresses can be significant such as furniture that doesn’t support the body, prolonged immobility, compression or constriction, and poor body mechanics. […] 8) Nutritional inadequacies like vitamin deficiencies and poor eating habits are more common sources than you would think.

• #79 Repetitive strain injury – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repetitive_strain_injury

  Muscular, skeletal, or nerve injury due to repetitive actions. Poor ergonomic techniques by computer users is one of many causes of repetitive strain injury. A repetitive strain injury (RSI) is an injury to part of the musculoskeletal or nervous system caused by repetitive use, vibrations, compression or long periods in a fixed position. Other common names include repetitive stress injury, repetitive stress disorders, cumulative trauma disorders (CTDs), and overuse syndrome. A general worldwide increase since the 1970s in RSIs of the arms, hands, neck, and shoulder has been attributed to the widespread use in the workplace of keyboard entry devices, such as typewriters and computers, which require long periods of repetitive motions in a fixed posture. Workers in certain fields are at risk of repetitive strains. Most occupational injuries are musculoskeletal disorders, and many of these are caused by cumulative trauma rather than a single event. Jobs that involve repeated motion patterns or prolonged posture within a work cycle, or both, may be repetitive. Age and gender are important risk factors for RSIs. The risk of RSI increases with age. Women are more likely affected than men because of their smaller frame, lower muscle mass and strength, and endocrine influences. In addition, lifestyle choices such as smoking and alcohol consumption are recognizable risk factors for RSI. Recent scientific findings indicate that obesity and diabetes may predispose an individual to RSIs by creating a chronic low grade inflammatory response that prevents the body from effectively healing damaged tissues.

• #80 Arm and hand pain: Repetitive stress injury (RSI) causes – Christina’s Pain Therapy Blog

  https://abbottcenter.com/bostonpaintherapy/2010/04/12/arm-and-hand-pain-repetitive-stress-injury-rsi-causes/

  Arm pain, Hand pain, Repetitive strain, Repetitive strain injury (RSI) / Monday, April 12th, 2010 […] This entry is a list of 8 factors that can cause or perpetuate pain. Treating RSI pain is a specialty at The Abbott Center for Neuromuscular Therapy near Boston. […] 1) Poor upper body posture and workstation position. Our slouched cool American posture increases tension in the chest which blocks vital conduits from transporting signals, nutrients, oxygen, waste products and water to and from the arms. […] 2) Stress is a huge factor. The effects of stress are well known in medical circles and are becoming more well known in our culture, newly oriented toward wellness. […] 3) Lack of sufficient exercise. This can be as elementary as getting up from your immobile position at your computer and walking to the bathroom.

• #81 Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI): Symptoms, Treatment & More – The Orthopedic Clinic

  https://orthotoc.com/repetitive-strain-injury/

  When you overwork a body part, youll feel it. […] If you are constantly doing the same types of movements due to work duties or hobbies, you could end up with a repetitive strain injury. […] A repetitive strain injury (RSI) can occur from performing repetitive motions, such as manual labor, gardening, using vibrating tools, secretarial work, or playing video games. […] Repetitive strain injury, as the name implies, is caused by performing the same motion repeatedly. […] The condition can be exacerbated by not having ergonomic equipment, such as a chair or desk that helps to maintain good posture, arm support for those working in a laboratory, headsets for people who are required to be on the phone for hours, and wrist rests for people who work on computers all day. […] For people who work manual labor, RSI could result from tendonitis, bursitis, or Dupuytrens contracture. […] Risk factors include any job or task that requires repetitive movements for extended periods of time and failing to take adequate breaks between tasks. […] Smoking puts you at a higher risk of RSI since it reduces blood flow throughout the body.

• #82 Repetitive strain injury – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repetitive_strain_injury

  Muscular, skeletal, or nerve injury due to repetitive actions. Poor ergonomic techniques by computer users is one of many causes of repetitive strain injury. A repetitive strain injury (RSI) is an injury to part of the musculoskeletal or nervous system caused by repetitive use, vibrations, compression or long periods in a fixed position. Other common names include repetitive stress injury, repetitive stress disorders, cumulative trauma disorders (CTDs), and overuse syndrome. A general worldwide increase since the 1970s in RSIs of the arms, hands, neck, and shoulder has been attributed to the widespread use in the workplace of keyboard entry devices, such as typewriters and computers, which require long periods of repetitive motions in a fixed posture. Workers in certain fields are at risk of repetitive strains. Most occupational injuries are musculoskeletal disorders, and many of these are caused by cumulative trauma rather than a single event. Jobs that involve repeated motion patterns or prolonged posture within a work cycle, or both, may be repetitive. Age and gender are important risk factors for RSIs. The risk of RSI increases with age. Women are more likely affected than men because of their smaller frame, lower muscle mass and strength, and endocrine influences. In addition, lifestyle choices such as smoking and alcohol consumption are recognizable risk factors for RSI. Recent scientific findings indicate that obesity and diabetes may predispose an individual to RSIs by creating a chronic low grade inflammatory response that prevents the body from effectively healing damaged tissues.

• #83 Arm and hand pain: Repetitive stress injury (RSI) causes – Christina’s Pain Therapy Blog

  https://abbottcenter.com/bostonpaintherapy/2010/04/12/arm-and-hand-pain-repetitive-stress-injury-rsi-causes/

  4) Stretching is extremely important and vastly underrated. […] 5) Water is essential for everything that happens in the body. Without sufficient water the body holds fluids, decreasing the release of damaging wastes and dehydrating the muscles so that more friction can cause inflammation. […] 6) Genetic and systemic factors can increase the risk of injury. Structural asymmetries, underactive thyroid function, circulatory insufficiency, food and environmental allergies, chronic infections and infestations, endocrine imbalances and viral infections are all things to consider. […] 7) Other mechanical stresses can be significant such as furniture that doesn’t support the body, prolonged immobility, compression or constriction, and poor body mechanics. […] 8) Nutritional inadequacies like vitamin deficiencies and poor eating habits are more common sources than you would think.

• #84 Repetitive Strain Injury RSI – Conversation – Window Cleaning Resource | Community

  https://community.windowcleaner.com/t/repetitive-strain-injury-rsi/42944

  Repetitive strain injury (RSI) is a condition where pain and other symptoms occur in an area of the body which has done repetitive tasks. […] Other factors may contribute, such as poor posture whilst doing the movement, using excessive force whilst doing the movement. […] I discovered that it was much worse when I wasn’t drinking enough water. […] They also taught us the need to be stronger than our work and encouraged us to exercise in addition to the physical labor we were doing. […] With window cleaning I’m trying to apply those lessons along with principles of ergonomics like maintaining good posture, switching sides, not using excessive force, and keeping the body in a more neutral position as much as possible. […] It mentioned that most carpal tunnel diagnosis are not really carpal tunnel at all, but instead referred trigger point pain. If you find and relieve the trigger point, you can eliminate the pain. […] I was so thankful I got it rested over the next weekend. […] I try to focus on erect posture, full ranges of motion and working ambidextrously. […] Yes it was a build up of fluid due to cleaning windows.

• #85 Arm and hand pain: Repetitive stress injury (RSI) causes – Christina’s Pain Therapy Blog

  https://abbottcenter.com/bostonpaintherapy/2010/04/12/arm-and-hand-pain-repetitive-stress-injury-rsi-causes/

  4) Stretching is extremely important and vastly underrated. […] 5) Water is essential for everything that happens in the body. Without sufficient water the body holds fluids, decreasing the release of damaging wastes and dehydrating the muscles so that more friction can cause inflammation. […] 6) Genetic and systemic factors can increase the risk of injury. Structural asymmetries, underactive thyroid function, circulatory insufficiency, food and environmental allergies, chronic infections and infestations, endocrine imbalances and viral infections are all things to consider. […] 7) Other mechanical stresses can be significant such as furniture that doesn’t support the body, prolonged immobility, compression or constriction, and poor body mechanics. […] 8) Nutritional inadequacies like vitamin deficiencies and poor eating habits are more common sources than you would think.

• #86 Repetitive Strain Injury

  https://web.eecs.umich.edu/~cscott/rsi.html

  Repetitive strain injury (RSI) is defined as a cumulative trauma disorder (CTD) stemming from prolonged repetitive, forceful, or awkward hand movements. The result is damage to muscles, tendons, and nerves of the neck, shoulder, forearm, and hand, which can cause pain, weakness, numbness, or impairment of motor control. […] Fine hand movements, repeated hour after hour, day after day, thousands upon thousands of times, eventually strain the muscles and tendons of the forearms, wrists, and fingers, causing microscopic tears. […] The three primary risk factors are poor posture, poor technique, and overuse. […] You may be at risk for developing an RSI if you: Have poor posture, Have poor technique, Use a computer more than two to four hours a day, Have a job that requires constant computer use, especially heavy input, Don’t take frequent breaks, Are loose-jointed, Don’t exercise regularly, Work in a high-pressure environment, Have arthritis, diabetes, or another serious medical condition, Keep your fingernails long, Have an unhealthy, stressful, or sedentary lifestyle, Weigh more than you should, Don’t sleep well, Are afraid to ask for better accommodations, Won’t accept that you are at risk when you really are.

• #87 Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI) Symptoms & Treatments | Ada

  https://ada.com/conditions/repetitive-strain-injury/

  Tendinopathy describes when tendons, which connect muscles to bone or other body parts, become injured. […] Tenosynovitis can be caused by injury, infection and/or overuse. When tenosynovitis is caused by overuse and strain, it can be considered an RSI. […] Stenosing tenosynovitis occurs when the sheath surrounding tendons in the fingers become damaged. […] Bursitis occurs when a bursa becomes inflamed. The affected area can become swollen and painful. […] Tennis elbow, also known as lateral epicondylitis, is a form of tendinosis that affects the tendons attached to the outside of the elbow. […] Cubital tunnel syndrome is a form of repetitive strain injury where the ulnar nerve, which travels from the neck to the hand, becomes compressed or irritated at the elbow. […] Ulnar tunnel syndrome, also known as Guyons canal syndrome, is a form of repetitive strain injury where the ulnar nerve becomes compressed at the wrist. […] Repetitive movements are the main cause of repetitive strain injuries, so taking steps to prevent the injury or stopping it getting worse is important.

• #88 Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI) – Hempstead Therapy Centre

  https://hempsteadtherapycentre.co.uk/repetitive-strain-injury-rsi/

  The most common cause of an RSI nowadays is using a computer or sitting at a desk. […] Examples of RSIs include: Intervertebral Disc Protrusions, Bursitis, Tendonitis, Tendinosis, Carpal tunnel syndrome, Raynauds disease, Cubital tunnel syndrome, De Quervain syndrome, Thoracic outlet syndrome, Intersection syndrome, Dupuytrens contracture, Some types of Rotator cuff Sub-acromial Impingement Syndromes, Medial epicondylitis, or golfers elbow, Lateral epicondylitis, or tennis elbow, Stenosing tenosynovitis, or trigger finger.

• #89 Repetitive Strain Injury: Types, Causes and How to Treat Them | Brown University Health

  https://www.brownhealth.org/be-well/repetitive-strain-injury-types-causes-and-how-treat-them

  A repetitive strain injury (RSI), sometimes called repetitive stress injury, affects muscles, tendons and nerves that undergo repetitive motion or prolonged overuse. […] These injuries are common in the workplace, especially in people who spend hours typing or performing repetitive manual tasks. […] Tendons can become inflamed by repetitive motions, which is known as tendinitis. […] Bursae can become inflamed through repetitive motions or prolonged pressure or trauma to the joint, known as bursitis. […] RSI symptoms can generally improve on their own with easy at-home remedies, but if left untreated, they can lead to chronic pain and long-term disability. […] Treating a repetitive strain injury depends on the type of injury and its severity. […] Many RSI cases respond well to basic at-home treatments, including stopping or limiting the activity that caused the injury to give the muscles and tendons time to heal. […] If you’re experiencing long-term pain from repetitive strain injury or other joint pain, the Brown University Health Orthopedics Institute can help.

• #90 Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI) Symptoms & Treatments | Ada

  https://ada.com/conditions/repetitive-strain-injury/

  Tendinopathy describes when tendons, which connect muscles to bone or other body parts, become injured. […] Tenosynovitis can be caused by injury, infection and/or overuse. When tenosynovitis is caused by overuse and strain, it can be considered an RSI. […] Stenosing tenosynovitis occurs when the sheath surrounding tendons in the fingers become damaged. […] Bursitis occurs when a bursa becomes inflamed. The affected area can become swollen and painful. […] Tennis elbow, also known as lateral epicondylitis, is a form of tendinosis that affects the tendons attached to the outside of the elbow. […] Cubital tunnel syndrome is a form of repetitive strain injury where the ulnar nerve, which travels from the neck to the hand, becomes compressed or irritated at the elbow. […] Ulnar tunnel syndrome, also known as Guyons canal syndrome, is a form of repetitive strain injury where the ulnar nerve becomes compressed at the wrist. […] Repetitive movements are the main cause of repetitive strain injuries, so taking steps to prevent the injury or stopping it getting worse is important.

• #91 Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI) Symptoms & Treatments | Ada

  https://ada.com/conditions/repetitive-strain-injury/

  Tendinopathy describes when tendons, which connect muscles to bone or other body parts, become injured. […] Tenosynovitis can be caused by injury, infection and/or overuse. When tenosynovitis is caused by overuse and strain, it can be considered an RSI. […] Stenosing tenosynovitis occurs when the sheath surrounding tendons in the fingers become damaged. […] Bursitis occurs when a bursa becomes inflamed. The affected area can become swollen and painful. […] Tennis elbow, also known as lateral epicondylitis, is a form of tendinosis that affects the tendons attached to the outside of the elbow. […] Cubital tunnel syndrome is a form of repetitive strain injury where the ulnar nerve, which travels from the neck to the hand, becomes compressed or irritated at the elbow. […] Ulnar tunnel syndrome, also known as Guyons canal syndrome, is a form of repetitive strain injury where the ulnar nerve becomes compressed at the wrist. […] Repetitive movements are the main cause of repetitive strain injuries, so taking steps to prevent the injury or stopping it getting worse is important.

• #92 Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI) Symptoms & Treatments | Ada

  https://ada.com/conditions/repetitive-strain-injury/

  Tendinopathy describes when tendons, which connect muscles to bone or other body parts, become injured. […] Tenosynovitis can be caused by injury, infection and/or overuse. When tenosynovitis is caused by overuse and strain, it can be considered an RSI. […] Stenosing tenosynovitis occurs when the sheath surrounding tendons in the fingers become damaged. […] Bursitis occurs when a bursa becomes inflamed. The affected area can become swollen and painful. […] Tennis elbow, also known as lateral epicondylitis, is a form of tendinosis that affects the tendons attached to the outside of the elbow. […] Cubital tunnel syndrome is a form of repetitive strain injury where the ulnar nerve, which travels from the neck to the hand, becomes compressed or irritated at the elbow. […] Ulnar tunnel syndrome, also known as Guyons canal syndrome, is a form of repetitive strain injury where the ulnar nerve becomes compressed at the wrist. […] Repetitive movements are the main cause of repetitive strain injuries, so taking steps to prevent the injury or stopping it getting worse is important.

• #93 Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI) – Hempstead Therapy Centre

  https://hempsteadtherapycentre.co.uk/repetitive-strain-injury-rsi/

  The most common cause of an RSI nowadays is using a computer or sitting at a desk. […] Examples of RSIs include: Intervertebral Disc Protrusions, Bursitis, Tendonitis, Tendinosis, Carpal tunnel syndrome, Raynauds disease, Cubital tunnel syndrome, De Quervain syndrome, Thoracic outlet syndrome, Intersection syndrome, Dupuytrens contracture, Some types of Rotator cuff Sub-acromial Impingement Syndromes, Medial epicondylitis, or golfers elbow, Lateral epicondylitis, or tennis elbow, Stenosing tenosynovitis, or trigger finger.

• #94 Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI) Symptoms & Treatments | Ada

  https://ada.com/conditions/repetitive-strain-injury/

  Repetitive strain injury, also known as RSI and repetitive motion disorder, is a term for damage to tissues caused by repeated physical actions. […] The common factor in all types of repetitive strain injuries is repetitive movements causing injury to body parts. The tissues in these body parts, usually limbs in the upper body, gradually become worn and damaged with overuse. Repeated stresses and strains cause small tears and signs of degeneration which, over time, create symptoms in the person with the condition. […] Repetitive strain injuries can be caused by: Small, frequent movements, vigorous movements containing a lot of force, a lack of movement, such as holding a limb in an unnatural position. […] Repetitive strain injury is one possible cause of carpal tunnel syndrome. Repeated hand and wrist movements can irritate the wrist tendons.

• #95 Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI) Symptoms & Treatments | Ada

  https://ada.com/conditions/repetitive-strain-injury/

  Tendinopathy describes when tendons, which connect muscles to bone or other body parts, become injured. […] Tenosynovitis can be caused by injury, infection and/or overuse. When tenosynovitis is caused by overuse and strain, it can be considered an RSI. […] Stenosing tenosynovitis occurs when the sheath surrounding tendons in the fingers become damaged. […] Bursitis occurs when a bursa becomes inflamed. The affected area can become swollen and painful. […] Tennis elbow, also known as lateral epicondylitis, is a form of tendinosis that affects the tendons attached to the outside of the elbow. […] Cubital tunnel syndrome is a form of repetitive strain injury where the ulnar nerve, which travels from the neck to the hand, becomes compressed or irritated at the elbow. […] Ulnar tunnel syndrome, also known as Guyons canal syndrome, is a form of repetitive strain injury where the ulnar nerve becomes compressed at the wrist. […] Repetitive movements are the main cause of repetitive strain injuries, so taking steps to prevent the injury or stopping it getting worse is important.

• #96 Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI) Symptoms & Treatments | Ada

  https://ada.com/conditions/repetitive-strain-injury/

  Tendinopathy describes when tendons, which connect muscles to bone or other body parts, become injured. […] Tenosynovitis can be caused by injury, infection and/or overuse. When tenosynovitis is caused by overuse and strain, it can be considered an RSI. […] Stenosing tenosynovitis occurs when the sheath surrounding tendons in the fingers become damaged. […] Bursitis occurs when a bursa becomes inflamed. The affected area can become swollen and painful. […] Tennis elbow, also known as lateral epicondylitis, is a form of tendinosis that affects the tendons attached to the outside of the elbow. […] Cubital tunnel syndrome is a form of repetitive strain injury where the ulnar nerve, which travels from the neck to the hand, becomes compressed or irritated at the elbow. […] Ulnar tunnel syndrome, also known as Guyons canal syndrome, is a form of repetitive strain injury where the ulnar nerve becomes compressed at the wrist. […] Repetitive movements are the main cause of repetitive strain injuries, so taking steps to prevent the injury or stopping it getting worse is important.

• #97

  https://psacunion.ca/repetitive-strain-injuries

  Other factors contributing to RSI include excessive work rates, lack of job variation, increasing speed, poorly maintained equipment, constant or frequent vibration, stress, excessive overtime and inadequate training. RSIs can be caused by overwork. Our bodies are simply not designed to work faster, more vigorously, endlessly or without rest. They break down, just like machines that are overworked. Rapid and repetitive motions with insufficient rest can cause RSIs. […] The various names for RSIs reflect the fact that different tendons, joints or muscles may become damaged depending on which movements are overdone. RSIs include: Tendonitis, Peritendonitis, Trigger finger, Tenosynovitis, De Quervains disease, Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, Epicondylitis, Bursitis, Dupuytrens Contracture, Ganglion, Rotator cuff strain, Tension neck syndrome, Shoulder, Thoracic outlet syndrome, Digital neuritis, Radial nerve entrapment.

• #98 Repetitive Strain Injury: Types, Causes and How to Treat Them | Brown University Health

  https://www.brownhealth.org/be-well/repetitive-strain-injury-types-causes-and-how-treat-them

  A repetitive strain injury (RSI), sometimes called repetitive stress injury, affects muscles, tendons and nerves that undergo repetitive motion or prolonged overuse. […] These injuries are common in the workplace, especially in people who spend hours typing or performing repetitive manual tasks. […] Tendons can become inflamed by repetitive motions, which is known as tendinitis. […] Bursae can become inflamed through repetitive motions or prolonged pressure or trauma to the joint, known as bursitis. […] RSI symptoms can generally improve on their own with easy at-home remedies, but if left untreated, they can lead to chronic pain and long-term disability. […] Treating a repetitive strain injury depends on the type of injury and its severity. […] Many RSI cases respond well to basic at-home treatments, including stopping or limiting the activity that caused the injury to give the muscles and tendons time to heal. […] If you’re experiencing long-term pain from repetitive strain injury or other joint pain, the Brown University Health Orthopedics Institute can help.

• #99 Avoiding a Repetitive Strain Injury | Mass General Brigham

  https://www.massgeneralbrigham.org/en/about/newsroom/articles/repetitive-motion-injuries

  Specific activities and professions can put you at greater risk of an RSI injury. For example, a career involving repetitive movements at work can lead to injuries. […] Repetitive motion can lead to inflammation of the fluid-filled sacs that cushion and protect your joints and surrounding structures, also known as bursitis. […] This condition is an inflammation of the tendons that connect muscles to bones. Repeating the same body movements puts stress on your tendons, causing swelling and pain. […] Carpal tunnel syndrome is a common repetitive strain injury to the wrists, fingers, and forearms. […] A repetitive strain injury to the elbow can occur from any activity involving repeated gripping or arm movements. […] Shin splints cause inflammation in the muscles and tendons along the shinbone due to repetitive running and jumping movements.

• #100

  https://psacunion.ca/repetitive-strain-injuries

  Other factors contributing to RSI include excessive work rates, lack of job variation, increasing speed, poorly maintained equipment, constant or frequent vibration, stress, excessive overtime and inadequate training. RSIs can be caused by overwork. Our bodies are simply not designed to work faster, more vigorously, endlessly or without rest. They break down, just like machines that are overworked. Rapid and repetitive motions with insufficient rest can cause RSIs. […] The various names for RSIs reflect the fact that different tendons, joints or muscles may become damaged depending on which movements are overdone. RSIs include: Tendonitis, Peritendonitis, Trigger finger, Tenosynovitis, De Quervains disease, Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, Epicondylitis, Bursitis, Dupuytrens Contracture, Ganglion, Rotator cuff strain, Tension neck syndrome, Shoulder, Thoracic outlet syndrome, Digital neuritis, Radial nerve entrapment.

• #101

  https://psacunion.ca/repetitive-strain-injuries

  Other factors contributing to RSI include excessive work rates, lack of job variation, increasing speed, poorly maintained equipment, constant or frequent vibration, stress, excessive overtime and inadequate training. RSIs can be caused by overwork. Our bodies are simply not designed to work faster, more vigorously, endlessly or without rest. They break down, just like machines that are overworked. Rapid and repetitive motions with insufficient rest can cause RSIs. […] The various names for RSIs reflect the fact that different tendons, joints or muscles may become damaged depending on which movements are overdone. RSIs include: Tendonitis, Peritendonitis, Trigger finger, Tenosynovitis, De Quervains disease, Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, Epicondylitis, Bursitis, Dupuytrens Contracture, Ganglion, Rotator cuff strain, Tension neck syndrome, Shoulder, Thoracic outlet syndrome, Digital neuritis, Radial nerve entrapment.

• #102 Avoiding a Repetitive Strain Injury | Mass General Brigham

  https://www.massgeneralbrigham.org/en/about/newsroom/articles/repetitive-motion-injuries

  Specific activities and professions can put you at greater risk of an RSI injury. For example, a career involving repetitive movements at work can lead to injuries. […] Repetitive motion can lead to inflammation of the fluid-filled sacs that cushion and protect your joints and surrounding structures, also known as bursitis. […] This condition is an inflammation of the tendons that connect muscles to bones. Repeating the same body movements puts stress on your tendons, causing swelling and pain. […] Carpal tunnel syndrome is a common repetitive strain injury to the wrists, fingers, and forearms. […] A repetitive strain injury to the elbow can occur from any activity involving repeated gripping or arm movements. […] Shin splints cause inflammation in the muscles and tendons along the shinbone due to repetitive running and jumping movements.

• #103 RSI in the Workplace inc Work Related Upper Limb Disorder and Computing | AbilityNet

  https://abilitynet.org.uk/factsheets/rsi-in-the-workplace

  Prevention of RSI is far easier than cure. Even if you do not have any symptoms, you should adapt your work to reduce risk: adjusting your workstation to ensure it is set up properly for you to work comfortably, using your computer equipment correctly to reduce potential strain, taking short, regular breaks (every 20-30 minutes) from protracted keyboard / screen work, varying your tasks as much as possible. […] Maintaining a good posture (with a supported back and relaxed shoulders) and adjusting your chair to the correct height that enables you to use the keyboard with your forearms and wrists in a neutral position, parallel with the floor. […] Simple measures using standard equipment that help to prevent RSI are: resting your feet flat on the floor, or on a footrest, sitting central to the curve on any curved desk, placing your screen at eye level and directly in front of you, having your keyboard directly in front of you, with a space at the front of the desk to rest your wrists when you are not typing, positioning your mouse as close to you as possible so you can use it with your wrist in a neutral position, avoiding awkward bending.

• #104 [Repetitive strain injury (RSI): occurrence, etiology, therapy and prevention] – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12420421/

  There is little information on the underlying mechanisms in the development of RSI, the diagnostics, therapy and prevention. […] In terms of prevention, an integrated approach aimed at improving the working posture, reduction of static load and job stress and at individual factors is assumed to be the most effective.

• #105 RSI in the Workplace inc Work Related Upper Limb Disorder and Computing | AbilityNet

  https://abilitynet.org.uk/factsheets/rsi-in-the-workplace

  Prevention of RSI is far easier than cure. Even if you do not have any symptoms, you should adapt your work to reduce risk: adjusting your workstation to ensure it is set up properly for you to work comfortably, using your computer equipment correctly to reduce potential strain, taking short, regular breaks (every 20-30 minutes) from protracted keyboard / screen work, varying your tasks as much as possible. […] Maintaining a good posture (with a supported back and relaxed shoulders) and adjusting your chair to the correct height that enables you to use the keyboard with your forearms and wrists in a neutral position, parallel with the floor. […] Simple measures using standard equipment that help to prevent RSI are: resting your feet flat on the floor, or on a footrest, sitting central to the curve on any curved desk, placing your screen at eye level and directly in front of you, having your keyboard directly in front of you, with a space at the front of the desk to rest your wrists when you are not typing, positioning your mouse as close to you as possible so you can use it with your wrist in a neutral position, avoiding awkward bending.

• #106 RSI in the Workplace inc Work Related Upper Limb Disorder and Computing | AbilityNet

  https://abilitynet.org.uk/factsheets/rsi-in-the-workplace

  Prevention of RSI is far easier than cure. Even if you do not have any symptoms, you should adapt your work to reduce risk: adjusting your workstation to ensure it is set up properly for you to work comfortably, using your computer equipment correctly to reduce potential strain, taking short, regular breaks (every 20-30 minutes) from protracted keyboard / screen work, varying your tasks as much as possible. […] Maintaining a good posture (with a supported back and relaxed shoulders) and adjusting your chair to the correct height that enables you to use the keyboard with your forearms and wrists in a neutral position, parallel with the floor. […] Simple measures using standard equipment that help to prevent RSI are: resting your feet flat on the floor, or on a footrest, sitting central to the curve on any curved desk, placing your screen at eye level and directly in front of you, having your keyboard directly in front of you, with a space at the front of the desk to rest your wrists when you are not typing, positioning your mouse as close to you as possible so you can use it with your wrist in a neutral position, avoiding awkward bending.

• #107 RSI in the Workplace inc Work Related Upper Limb Disorder and Computing | AbilityNet

  https://abilitynet.org.uk/factsheets/rsi-in-the-workplace

  Prevention of RSI is far easier than cure. Even if you do not have any symptoms, you should adapt your work to reduce risk: adjusting your workstation to ensure it is set up properly for you to work comfortably, using your computer equipment correctly to reduce potential strain, taking short, regular breaks (every 20-30 minutes) from protracted keyboard / screen work, varying your tasks as much as possible. […] Maintaining a good posture (with a supported back and relaxed shoulders) and adjusting your chair to the correct height that enables you to use the keyboard with your forearms and wrists in a neutral position, parallel with the floor. […] Simple measures using standard equipment that help to prevent RSI are: resting your feet flat on the floor, or on a footrest, sitting central to the curve on any curved desk, placing your screen at eye level and directly in front of you, having your keyboard directly in front of you, with a space at the front of the desk to rest your wrists when you are not typing, positioning your mouse as close to you as possible so you can use it with your wrist in a neutral position, avoiding awkward bending.

• #108 RSI in the Workplace inc Work Related Upper Limb Disorder and Computing | AbilityNet

  https://abilitynet.org.uk/factsheets/rsi-in-the-workplace

  Apart from the adjustments you can make to standard input devices, various non-standard keyboards and mice are available that can improve the positioning of your hands and wrist thereby reducing strain. […] The main problem with laptops is that the keyboard is attached to the screen, this tends to create a poor posture. To reduce such risks when working with a laptop for sustained periods, a good practice is to: use a separate keyboard, screen, and mouse, place your laptop on a raiser (so the screen can be raised as close to eye-level as possible), take regular short breaks to relieve upper body tension, sit up straight with your back supported.

• #109 RSI in the Workplace inc Work Related Upper Limb Disorder and Computing | AbilityNet

  https://abilitynet.org.uk/factsheets/rsi-in-the-workplace

  Prevention of RSI is far easier than cure. Even if you do not have any symptoms, you should adapt your work to reduce risk: adjusting your workstation to ensure it is set up properly for you to work comfortably, using your computer equipment correctly to reduce potential strain, taking short, regular breaks (every 20-30 minutes) from protracted keyboard / screen work, varying your tasks as much as possible. […] Maintaining a good posture (with a supported back and relaxed shoulders) and adjusting your chair to the correct height that enables you to use the keyboard with your forearms and wrists in a neutral position, parallel with the floor. […] Simple measures using standard equipment that help to prevent RSI are: resting your feet flat on the floor, or on a footrest, sitting central to the curve on any curved desk, placing your screen at eye level and directly in front of you, having your keyboard directly in front of you, with a space at the front of the desk to rest your wrists when you are not typing, positioning your mouse as close to you as possible so you can use it with your wrist in a neutral position, avoiding awkward bending.

• #110 Understanding Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI) – Because Work Shouldn’t Be a Pain | Avetta

  https://www.avetta.com/blog/understanding-repetitive-strain-injury-rsi-because-work-shouldnt-be-a-pain

  Options to preventing RSI include: Focus on eliminating repetitive work through job design which may involve mechanizing certain tasks. Structure jobs so that workers can rotate between different tasks, using different muscles groups. Create a well-designed workstation that is adjusted to fit the worker and allows standing, sitting, or sitting-standing positions. Provide workers with appropriate, carefully maintained tools and equipment to reduce the force needed to complete tasks and prevent muscle strain, and avoid awkward positions. Train workers to understand what causes these injuries, how best to prevent them, and how to recognize the early signs and symptoms of RSI. Educate workers on how to adjust workstations to fit their tasks and individual needs. Encourage workers to take short, frequent rest breaks. […] RSIs are the most frequent type of lost-time injury and the single largest source of lost-time cost, specifically in Canada.

• #111 Repetitive Strain Injury | RSI Treatment & Prevention

  https://stretchcoach.com/articles/repetitive-strain/?srsltid=AfmBOopmNfsY3MjB2tp-SbIf7zuR9MN9_P_gtOJUSCDuhqV7_QQZu61B

  Repetitive strain injury (RSI) is not a specific injury, but instead a loose grouping of similar injuries. These injuries are also called repetitive stress injuries, cumulative trauma disorder (CTD), repetitive motion disorders, and overuse syndromes. These are soft tissue injuries associated with long-term repetitive stress on an area of the body. […] Repetitive strain injuries are usually a result of prolonged repetitions of a movement without adequate rest. […] An overload of stress on muscles, tendons or joints over a period of time without adequate rest may lead to RSI. Movements done in an incorrect or poor posture, or misalignment of the joints involved can also lead to an RSI. […] Any movement done in an awkward or unnatural manner for multiple repetitions or long duration can cause an injury as well.

• #112 Repetitive Strain Injury: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment | Apricus Health

  https://www.apricushealth.com.au/repetitive-strain-injury-causes-symptoms-and-treatment/

  However, if you ignore the symptoms, do not change your behaviour, and do not seek professional help this can lead to chronic problems, requiring more drastic remedies such as surgery. […] Prevention and early action is always the best way to avoid permanent damage. Effective prevention techniques include: Taking regular breaks at work, Maintaining good posture, Using ergonomically designed equipment, Following a tailored strength programme to develop key muscles and remove any muscle imbalances, Minimising psychological stress.

• #113 Repetitive Strain Injury: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment | Apricus Health

  https://www.apricushealth.com.au/repetitive-strain-injury-causes-symptoms-and-treatment/

  However, if you ignore the symptoms, do not change your behaviour, and do not seek professional help this can lead to chronic problems, requiring more drastic remedies such as surgery. […] Prevention and early action is always the best way to avoid permanent damage. Effective prevention techniques include: Taking regular breaks at work, Maintaining good posture, Using ergonomically designed equipment, Following a tailored strength programme to develop key muscles and remove any muscle imbalances, Minimising psychological stress.

• #114 Repetitive Strain Injury

  https://web.eecs.umich.edu/~cscott/rsi.html

  The primary warning sign of RSI is pain in the upper extremities (fingers, palms, wrists, forearms, shoulders). The pain may be burning, aching, or shooting. […] If you develop RSI, and do not take steps to correct the problem, there may be serious repercussions. […] RSI can limit your ability to perform at work. […] When you first notice symptoms of RSI, you have already done substantial damage to yourself. RSI can take months, even years to develop, and you can expect it to take at least twice as long to heal. […] The above exercises are primarily geared toward relieving/preventing the symptoms of RSI. If you want to eliminate the root causes of RSI, you must focus more on stretching, strengthening, and re-educating the core muscles of your body responsible for maintaining proper alignment and posture.

• #115 Arm and hand pain: Repetitive stress injury (RSI) causes – Christina’s Pain Therapy Blog

  https://abbottcenter.com/bostonpaintherapy/2010/04/12/arm-and-hand-pain-repetitive-stress-injury-rsi-causes/

  4) Stretching is extremely important and vastly underrated. […] 5) Water is essential for everything that happens in the body. Without sufficient water the body holds fluids, decreasing the release of damaging wastes and dehydrating the muscles so that more friction can cause inflammation. […] 6) Genetic and systemic factors can increase the risk of injury. Structural asymmetries, underactive thyroid function, circulatory insufficiency, food and environmental allergies, chronic infections and infestations, endocrine imbalances and viral infections are all things to consider. […] 7) Other mechanical stresses can be significant such as furniture that doesn’t support the body, prolonged immobility, compression or constriction, and poor body mechanics. […] 8) Nutritional inadequacies like vitamin deficiencies and poor eating habits are more common sources than you would think.

• #116 Repetitive Strain Injury: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment | Apricus Health

  https://www.apricushealth.com.au/repetitive-strain-injury-causes-symptoms-and-treatment/

  However, if you ignore the symptoms, do not change your behaviour, and do not seek professional help this can lead to chronic problems, requiring more drastic remedies such as surgery. […] Prevention and early action is always the best way to avoid permanent damage. Effective prevention techniques include: Taking regular breaks at work, Maintaining good posture, Using ergonomically designed equipment, Following a tailored strength programme to develop key muscles and remove any muscle imbalances, Minimising psychological stress.

• #117 Repetitive Strain Injury

  https://web.eecs.umich.edu/~cscott/rsi.html

  Repetitive strain injury (RSI) is defined as a cumulative trauma disorder (CTD) stemming from prolonged repetitive, forceful, or awkward hand movements. The result is damage to muscles, tendons, and nerves of the neck, shoulder, forearm, and hand, which can cause pain, weakness, numbness, or impairment of motor control. […] Fine hand movements, repeated hour after hour, day after day, thousands upon thousands of times, eventually strain the muscles and tendons of the forearms, wrists, and fingers, causing microscopic tears. […] The three primary risk factors are poor posture, poor technique, and overuse. […] You may be at risk for developing an RSI if you: Have poor posture, Have poor technique, Use a computer more than two to four hours a day, Have a job that requires constant computer use, especially heavy input, Don’t take frequent breaks, Are loose-jointed, Don’t exercise regularly, Work in a high-pressure environment, Have arthritis, diabetes, or another serious medical condition, Keep your fingernails long, Have an unhealthy, stressful, or sedentary lifestyle, Weigh more than you should, Don’t sleep well, Are afraid to ask for better accommodations, Won’t accept that you are at risk when you really are.

• #118 Repetitive Strain Injury: Causes, Prevention & Therapies

  https://www.hansaplastindia.com/articles/health-and-protection/repetitive-strain-injury-diving-deep-into-its-causes-prevention-and-treatment

  Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI) also called repetitive motion injury is a musculoskeletal disorder resulting from prolonged and repetitive movements, commonly associated with activities like typing, gaming, or assembly line work. The mechanism of RSI development revolves around the consistent stress and strain imposed on muscles, tendons, and nerves. Over time, these tissues undergo micro-traumas due to repetitive actions, leading to inflammation, swelling, and tissue damage. […] Understanding the intricate causes of Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI) is paramount in developing effective prevention strategies and fostering healthier work and lifestyle habits. RSI arises from a combination of factors, predominantly stemming from repetitive tasks and suboptimal ergonomic practices. […] Repetitive Movements Tasks that entail repeated motions, such as typing on a keyboard or operating machinery, place continual strain on specific muscles and tendons. The repetition leads to overuse injuries, where tissues are subjected to prolonged stress without adequate time to recover.

• #119

  https://psacunion.ca/repetitive-strain-injuries

  Workers with a repetitive strain injury in one part of the body may develop problems in other areas at the same time. When feeling discomfort or pain from doing work in one particular way, they may try and compensate through movements that cause other strain injuries. Thus, pain in wrists or hands can be followed by pains in the forearms and shoulders. […] Because RSIs have numerous causes affecting a variety of areas, eliminating them demands a comprehensive prevention program. The cornerstone of such a program must be to make the job fit the person rather than make the person fit the job.

• #120 Understanding Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI) – Because Work Shouldn’t Be a Pain | Avetta

  https://www.avetta.com/blog/understanding-repetitive-strain-injury-rsi-because-work-shouldnt-be-a-pain

  Options to preventing RSI include: Focus on eliminating repetitive work through job design which may involve mechanizing certain tasks. Structure jobs so that workers can rotate between different tasks, using different muscles groups. Create a well-designed workstation that is adjusted to fit the worker and allows standing, sitting, or sitting-standing positions. Provide workers with appropriate, carefully maintained tools and equipment to reduce the force needed to complete tasks and prevent muscle strain, and avoid awkward positions. Train workers to understand what causes these injuries, how best to prevent them, and how to recognize the early signs and symptoms of RSI. Educate workers on how to adjust workstations to fit their tasks and individual needs. Encourage workers to take short, frequent rest breaks. […] RSIs are the most frequent type of lost-time injury and the single largest source of lost-time cost, specifically in Canada.

• #121 RSI in the Workplace inc Work Related Upper Limb Disorder and Computing | AbilityNet

  https://abilitynet.org.uk/factsheets/rsi-in-the-workplace

  In addition to the pain and discomfort experienced by individual workers, RSI also carries significant costs for employers. […] The Health and Safety Executive (HSE) estimates that 2.6 million working days were lost in 2017/18 due to ULDs with an average of 14 days lost for each case. […] Employers have a legal duty to provide safe working conditions, employers also have a common law duty of care towards their staff. […] Under the Health and Safety Act, employers must carry out a risk assessment of any task or equipment that may cause injury. This includes the setup of computer equipment and workstations. […] To reduce the risk of RSI or any other harm or injury, employers should also: consult employees on potential risks arising from their work, consider changing the way work is organised, provide clear instructions, information and training on any measures being taken to control the risks, help sufferers when they come back to work.

• #122 [Repetitive strain injury (RSI): occurrence, etiology, therapy and prevention] – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12420421/

  There is little information on the underlying mechanisms in the development of RSI, the diagnostics, therapy and prevention. […] In terms of prevention, an integrated approach aimed at improving the working posture, reduction of static load and job stress and at individual factors is assumed to be the most effective.

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