Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Stomach cancer – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/stomach-cancer/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20352443

  Treatment options for stomach cancer depend on the cancer’s location within the stomach and its stage. Your health care provider also thinks about your overall health and your preferences when making a treatment plan. Stomach cancer treatments include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy and palliative care. […] The goal of surgery for stomach cancer, which is also called gastric cancer, is to remove all of the cancer. For small stomach cancers, surgery might be the first treatment. Other treatments might be used first if the stomach cancer grows deeper into the stomach wall or spreads to the lymph nodes. […] Chemotherapy is a drug treatment that uses chemicals to kill cancer cells. Types of chemotherapy include: Chemotherapy that travels through your whole body. The most common type of chemotherapy involves medicines that travel through your whole body, killing cancer cells. This is called systemic chemotherapy. The medicines can be given through a vein or taken in pill form.

• #1 Gastric Cancer Treatment: Treatment – Patient Information [NCI] | The Children’s Hospital at Montefiore

  https://www.cham.org/health-library/article?id=ncicdr0000271446

  Other treatments may be given in addition to surgery: Treatment given before surgery is called preoperative therapy or neoadjuvant therapy. Chemotherapy may be given before surgery to shrink the tumor and reduce the amount of tissue that needs to be removed during surgery. Chemoradiation given before surgery, to shrink the tumor, is being studied. Treatment given after surgery, to lower the risk that the cancer will come back, is called adjuvant therapy. After the doctor removes all the cancer that can be seen, some patients may be given chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or both to kill any cancer cells that are left. […] Gastrectomy, the removal of part or all of the stomach, is the main surgery for stomach cancer: Subtotal gastrectomy is the removal of the part of the stomach that contains cancer, nearby lymph nodes, and parts of other tissues and organs near the tumor. Total gastrectomy is the removal of the entire stomach, nearby lymph nodes, and parts of the esophagus, small intestine, and other tissues near the tumor. The spleen may also be removed. Then the surgeon attaches the esophagus to the small intestine so the patient can continue to eat and swallow.

• #1 Gastric Cancer Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Surgical Care, Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/278744-treatment

  Surgical resection is the principal therapy for gastric cancer, as it offers the only potential for cure. The most common procedures are total, subtotal, or distal gastrectomy. The choice of procedure and the extent of nodal dissection are determined by the ability to obtain clear microscopic margins. In patients who present with regionally advanced disease, removal of involved adjacent organs (eg, the spleen) may be required. […] Neoadjuvant chemotherapy has an established role in the management of gastric cancer. Perioperative chemotherapy, or postoperative chemotherapy plus chemoradiation, are preferred for localized gastric cancer. Because of lower toxicity, two-drug cytotoxic regimens (eg, fluoropyrimidine and oxaliplatin) are preferred for patients with advanced disease. […] D2 dissections are recommended by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) over D1 dissections. A pancreas- and spleen-preserving D2 lymphadenectomy is suggested, as it provides greater staging information, and may provide a survival benefit while avoiding its excess morbidity when possible.

• #1 Gastric Cancer Treatment: Treatment – Patient Information [NCI] | The Children’s Hospital at Montefiore

  https://www.cham.org/health-library/article?id=ncicdr0000271446

  Different types of treatments are available for stomach cancer. You and your cancer care team will work together to decide your treatment plan, which may include more than one type of treatment. Many factors will be considered, such as the stage of the cancer, your overall health, and your preferences. Your plan will include information about your cancer, the goals of treatment, your treatment options and the possible side effects, and the expected length of treatment. […] For treatment by stage, see Stomach Cancer Treatment by Stage. […] Endoscopic mucosal resection is a procedure that uses an endoscope to remove carcinoma in situ and early-stage cancer from the lining of the digestive tract. […] Surgery is a common treatment for stomach cancer. The type of surgery depends on where the cancer is located.

• #1 6 Innovative Stomach Cancer Treatment Options | MD Anderson Cancer Center

  https://www.mdanderson.org/cancer-types/stomach-cancer/stomach-cancer-treatment.html

  At MD Anderson, we customize your stomach cancer treatment to ensure the highest chances for successful treatment while focusing on your quality of life. Our treatments include targeted therapy, immunotherapy, chemotherapy, advanced radiation therapy and state-of-the-art surgery. […] A stomach cancer patients treatment plan often involves more than one type of therapy. […] If you are diagnosed with stomach cancer, your doctor will discuss the best options to treat it. […] One or more of the following therapies may be recommended to treat the cancer or help relieve symptoms. […] Surgery is the most common treatment for stomach cancer. […] However, in some cases of advanced stomach cancer, surgery may be performed to treat symptoms and not necessarily cure the disease. This is known as palliative surgery.

• #1 Treatment of Stomach Cancer – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/types/stomach/treatment

  Different types of treatments are available for stomach cancer. You and your cancer care team will work together to decide your treatment plan, which may include more than one type of treatment. Many factors will be considered, such as the stage of the cancer, your overall health, and your preferences. Your plan will include information about your cancer, the goals of treatment, your treatment options and the possible side effects, and the expected length of treatment. […] Surgery is a common treatment for stomach cancer. The type of surgery depends on where the cancer is located. […] Treatment given before surgery is called preoperative therapy or neoadjuvant therapy. Chemotherapy may be given before surgery to shrink the tumor and reduce the amount of tissue that needs to be removed during surgery.

• #1 Treatment of Stomach Cancer – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/types/stomach/treatment

  Treatment given after surgery, to lower the risk that the cancer will come back, is called adjuvant therapy. After the doctor removes all the cancer that can be seen, some patients may be given chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or both to kill any cancer cells that are left. […] Radiation therapy uses high-energy x-rays or other types of radiation to kill cancer cells or keep them from growing. Stomach cancer is sometimes treated with external radiation therapy. […] Chemotherapy (also called chemo) uses drugs to stop the growth of cancer cells, either by killing the cells or by stopping them from dividing. […] Chemotherapy for stomach cancer is usually systemic, meaning it is injected into a vein or given by mouth. […] Targeted therapy uses drugs or other substances to identify and attack specific cancer cells.

• #1 Current Treatment and Recent Progress in Gastric Cancer

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9927927/

  National guidelines recommend a multidisciplinary team approach for therapeutic decisions for patients with gastric cancer. […] Randomized clinical trials provide evidence that combined modality therapy is effective for patients with non-metastatic gastric and gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma. […] For potentially resectable patients with clinical T2N0 or greater disease, neoadjuvant/perioperative therapy is typically administered rather than upfront surgery followed by adjuvant therapy. […] The MAGIC trial was a seminal study that established the survival benefit of perioperative chemotherapy plus surgery versus surgery alone in patients with operable gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma. […] In patients with gastric cancer who undergo upfront surgery and have pathological T3 or T4 lesions, or node positive disease, adjuvant therapy is recommended.

• #1 Chemotherapy for stomach cancer | Canadian Cancer Society

  https://cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/stomach/treatment/chemotherapy

  Chemotherapy uses anticancer (cytotoxic) drugs to destroy cancer cells. It is usually used to treat stomach cancer. Your healthcare team will consider your personal needs to plan the drugs, doses and schedules of chemotherapy. You may also receive other treatments. […] Chemotherapy is sometimes combined with radiation therapy to treat stomach cancer. This is called chemoradiation. The 2 treatments are given during the same time period. The chemotherapy drugs help make the cancer cells more sensitive to radiation therapy. […] Chemotherapy is given for different reasons. You may have chemotherapy or chemoradiation to: destroy cancer cells in the body, shrink a tumour before other treatments such as surgery or radiation therapy (called neoadjuvant chemotherapy), destroy cancer cells left behind after surgery and reduce the risk that the cancer will come back (recur) (called adjuvant chemotherapy), relieve pain or control other symptoms of advanced stomach cancer (called palliative chemotherapy).

• #1 Gastric Cancer Treatment Protocols: General Treatment Recommendations, Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy Regimens, Perioperative Chemotherapy Regimens

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2005831-overview

  Compared with surgery alone, adjuvant chemotherapy leads to improved overall survival. […] Nivolumab prolonged disease free survival in patients with resected (R0) stage II or III esophageal or gastroesophageal junction cancer who received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and had residual pathological disease. […] Trastuzumab should be added to first-line chemotherapy for HER2-NEU overexpressing adenocarcinomas. Not recommended in regimens containing an anthracycline. […] Two-drug regimens are preferred because of lower toxicity; reserve three-drug regimens for patients who are medically fit and have access to frequent follow-up. Oxaliplatin is generally preferred over cisplatin due to lower toxicity. […] Trastuzumab deruxtecan is approved for locally advanced and metastatic HER2-positive gastric and gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma in adults who have received a prior trastuzumab-based regimen. […] For patients with HER2 positive disease previously treated with trastuzumab plus 1 or more lines of chemotherapy, a phase 2 study showed significant complete and partial response rates with margetuximab plus pembrolizumab.

• #1 Stomach cancer – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/stomach-cancer/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20352443

  Radiation therapy uses high-powered beams of energy to kill cancer cells. The beams can come from X-rays, protons or other sources. During radiation therapy, you lie on a table while a machine gives the radiation treatment to precise points on your body. […] Targeted treatments use medicines that attack specific chemicals present within cancer cells. By blocking these chemicals, targeted treatments can cause cancer cells to die. […] Immunotherapy is a treatment with medicine that helps your body’s immune system to kill cancer cells. […] Palliative care is a special type of health care that helps you feel better when you have a serious illness. If you have cancer, palliative care can help relieve pain and other symptoms.

• #1 Treatment for stomach cancer | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/stomach-cancer/treatment

  Your treatment depends on where your cancer is in the stomach, how big it is, whether it has spread anywhere else in your body and your general health. A team of doctors and other professionals discuss the best treatment and care for you. […] The treatment you have for stomach cancer depends on the stage of your cancer. You might have one or more treatments, including surgery, chemotherapy, targeted cancer drugs or radiotherapy. […] Chemotherapy uses anti cancer drugs to destroy cancer. You might have it before or after surgery for stomach cancer, or as your main treatment if your cancer is advanced. […] Radiotherapy uses high energy waves to kill cancer cells. You usually have it with chemotherapy, or you might have it to help with symptoms of advanced cancer. […] You might have targeted cancer drugs or immunotherapy for stomach cancer that has spread to other parts of the body (advanced stomach cancer).

• #1 Current Treatment and Recent Progress in Gastric Cancer

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9927927/

  The role of adjuvant radiotherapy is less certain. […] Preoperative chemoradiation is a category 2B treatment option for patients undergoing a preoperative therapy or total neoadjuvant treatment approach. […] Surgical options for gastric cancer are primarily subtotal or total gastrectomy. […] A number of cytotoxic agents are active in advanced gastric cancer including fluoropyrimidines, platinums, taxanes, and irinotecan. […] In the second line treatment for metastatic gastric cancer, cytotoxic chemotherapy agents not already used in the first line can be attempted. […] The role of immunotherapy and targeted therapies in gastric cancer is discussed further below, with an emphasis on recent progress and biomarkers including microsatellite instability high (MSI-H), PD-L1, tumor mutation burden (TMB), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and HER2. […] Trastuzumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that targets the HER2 receptor, inhibits downstream signal activation, and induces antibody-dependent cellular toxicity. […] Immunotherapy has also been successfully added to HER2 directed therapy.

• #1 Gastric Cancer Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Surgical Care, Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/278744-treatment

  Neoadjuvant chemotherapy may allow downstaging of disease to increase resectability, decrease micrometastatic disease burden prior to surgery, allow patient tolerability prior to surgery, determine chemotherapy sensitivity, reduce the rate of local and distant recurrences, and ultimately improve survival. […] A European randomized trial demonstrated survival benefit when patients were treated with three cycles of preoperative chemotherapy (epirubicin, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil) followed by surgery and then three cycles of postoperative chemotherapy compared with surgery alone. […] Adjuvant radiotherapy is associated with improvements in both overall and relapse-free survival and reductions in locoregional failure. […] Numerous randomized clinical trials comparing combination chemotherapy in the postoperative setting to surgery alone did not demonstrate a consistent survival benefit.

• #1 Treatment for stomach cancer | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/stomach-cancer/treatment

  Treatments such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted cancer drugs or a stent can sometimes help reduce symptoms and make you feel better. […] Laser therapy uses hot beams of light to burn away cancer cells. This can help control symptoms of advanced stomach cancer. […] Find out about follow up appointments and tests after treatment for stomach cancer.

• #1 Gastric Cancer Treatment (PDQ®) – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/types/stomach/hp/stomach-treatment-pdq

  The standard form of curative therapy for gastric cancer is radical surgery. However, the incidences of local failure in the tumor bed and regional lymph nodes, and distant failures via hematogenous or peritoneal routes, remain high. […] Comprehensive staging and evaluation with a multidisciplinary team to determine roles of neoadjuvant, perioperative, and adjuvant combination chemotherapy, surgery, and external-beam radiation therapies should be considered. […] In a phase III Intergroup trial (SWOG-9008), 559 patients with completely resected stage IB to stage IV adenocarcinoma of the stomach and gastroesophageal junction were randomly assigned to receive either surgery alone or surgery plus postoperative chemotherapy and concurrent radiation therapy. With a median follow-up of more than 10 years, a significant survival benefit was reported for patients who received adjuvant combined modality therapy.

• #1 Gastric Cancer Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Surgical Care, Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/278744-treatment

  Pembrolizumab is a monoclonal antibody to programmed cell death-1 protein (PD-1); it blocks interaction between PD-1 and its ligands, PD-L1 and PD-L2. […] Trastuzumab, a monoclonal antibody against HER2, was approved in 2010 for the treatment of HER2-overexpressing metastatic gastric or GE junction adenocarcinoma. […] Zolbetuximab, a claudin 18.2 (CLDN18.2)-targeted cytolytic antibody, received FDA approval in October 2024 for use in combination with fluoropyrimidine- and platinum-containing chemotherapy for the first-line treatment of locally advanced unresectable or metastatic HER2-negative gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma that is CLDN 18.2 positive.

• #1 Gastric Cancer Treatment (PDQ®) – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/types/stomach/hp/stomach-treatment-pdq

  Surgical resection including regional lymphadenectomy is the treatment of choice for patients with stage I gastric cancer. […] Patients with node-positive (T1 N1) and muscle-invasive (T2 N0) disease may consider postoperative chemoradiation therapy. […] Patients with stages II and III gastric cancer who have not received neoadjuvant therapy may consider postoperative chemoradiation therapy. […] Treatment options for stage IV, inoperable, and recurrent gastric cancer, including patients with medically or surgically unresectable disease, include a combination of cytotoxic therapies, targeted therapies, immunotherapies, and palliative locoregional therapies. […] Standard chemotherapy versus best supportive care for patients with metastatic gastric cancer has been tested in several clinical trials, and there is general agreement that patients who receive chemotherapy live for several months longer on average than patients who receive supportive care. […] Ramucirumab is an acceptable treatment in patients with cisplatin- or 5-FU-refractory, stage IV, gastric cancer. […] The combination of paclitaxel and ramucirumab is an acceptable second-line chemotherapy regimen in patients with stage IV gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer.

• #1 6 Innovative Stomach Cancer Treatment Options | MD Anderson Cancer Center

  https://www.mdanderson.org/cancer-types/stomach-cancer/stomach-cancer-treatment.html

  Immunotherapy recruits the patients own immune system in the fight against cancer. […] For stomach cancer, patients may be given an immunotherapy known as a checkpoint inhibitor. […] Targeted therapy works by stopping or slowing the growth or spread of cancer on a cellular level. […] This type of testing classifies cancerous tumors by their genetic makeup and can help your doctor identify specific immunotherapies, targeted therapies, or clinical trials that might best treat that specific cancer. […] Since MD Anderson is one of the nations leading research centers, were able to offer top-quality, innovative treatment including clinical trials (research studies) of new treatments for every type and stage of stomach cancer. […] Stomach cancer is treated in our Gastrointestinal Center.

• #1 Gastric cancer treatment: recent progress and future perspectives | Journal of Hematology & Oncology | Full Text

  https://jhoonline.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13045-023-01451-3

  In summary, in first-line treatment for HER2-negative advanced GC, the addition of anti-PD-1 therapy could improve clinical outcomes in patients with high PD-L1 expression. For patients with low PD-L1 expression or unknown PD-L1 status, the survival benefit of adding PD-1 antibodies is still controversial.

• #1 Current Treatment and Recent Progress in Gastric Cancer

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9927927/

  Gastric cancer is not a top ten malignancy in the United States, but represents one of the most common causes of cancer death worldwide. […] Systemic chemotherapy, radiotherapy, surgery, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy all have proven efficacy in gastric adenocarcinoma and therefore multidisciplinary treatment is paramount to treatment selection. […] Triplet chemotherapy for resectable gastric cancer is now accepted and could represent a plateau of standard cytotoxic chemotherapy for localized disease. […] Classification of gastric cancer based on molecular subtypes is providing an opportunity for personalized therapy. […] Biomarkers, in particular microsatellite instability (MSI), programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), tumor mutation burden (TMB), and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), are increasingly driving systemic therapy approaches and allowing for identification of populations most likely to benefit from immunotherapy and targeted therapy.

• #1 Stomach Cancer Treatment Choices by Stage | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/stomach-cancer/treating/by-stage.html

  Treatment of stomach cancer (also known as gastric cancer) depends largely on where the cancer is in the stomach and how far it has spread. […] Surgery to remove the cancer is typically part of treatment if it can be done, as it offers the best chance for long-term survival. But surgery might not be a good option if the cancer has spread widely or if a person isn’t healthy enough for it. Other treatments such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy are often part of treatment as well, either along with or instead of surgery. Newer treatments such as targeted drugs and immunotherapy might be helpful in some situations as well. […] Very early stage cancers can typically be treated by surgery, with either subtotal gastrectomy (removal of part of the stomach) or total gastrectomy (removal of the entire stomach). Nearby lymph nodes are removed as well.

• #1 Gastric Cancer Treatment: Treatment – Patient Information [NCI] | The Children’s Hospital at Montefiore

  https://www.cham.org/health-library/article?id=ncicdr0000271446

  A treatment clinical trial is a research study meant to help improve current treatments or obtain information on new treatments for patients with cancer. For some patients, taking part in a clinical trial may be an option. […] Some tests that were done to diagnose or stage the cancer may be repeated to see how well the treatment is working. Decisions about whether to continue, change, or stop treatment may be based on the results of these tests. These tests are sometimes called follow-up tests or check-ups. […] Cancer stage is an important factor in deciding the best treatment for stomach cancer. Other factors, such as your preferences and overall health, are also important. […] Gastrectomy (surgery to remove all or part of the stomach and nearby lymph nodes) is the main treatment for stage 0 stomach cancer (carcinoma in situ).

• #1 Gastric Cancer Treatment: Treatment – Patient Information [NCI] | The Children’s Hospital at Montefiore

  https://www.cham.org/health-library/article?id=ncicdr0000271446

  Endoscopic mucosal resection uses an endoscope to remove abnormal growths or tissue from the lining of the digestive tract without open surgery. […] Gastrectomy (surgery to remove all or part of the stomach and nearby lymph nodes) is the main treatment for stage I stomach cancer. Some people may receive chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy before or after surgery. […] Gastrectomy (surgery to remove all or part of the stomach and nearby lymph nodes) is the main treatment for stage II stomach cancer and stage III stomach cancer. Some people may receive chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy before or after surgery. […] Treatment of stage IV stomach cancer, any stage of stomach cancer that cannot be removed by surgery, and recurrent stomach cancer is palliative. Palliative therapy is treatment meant to improve the quality of life of people who have a serious or life-threatening disease, such as cancer.

• #1 Treatment options for stomach cancer | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/stomach-cancer/treatment/treatment-decisions

  A team of health professionals will discuss the best treatment for you. This depends on factors such as your cancer stage and grade. You might have one or more treatments. These include surgery, chemotherapy, targeted and immunotherapy cancer drugs and radiotherapy. […] The main treatments are: surgery, chemotherapy, targeted or immunotherapy cancer drugs, radiotherapy. […] You might have surgery if your stomach cancer hasn’t spread. Doctors remove: cancer from the lining of the stomach (endoscopic mucosal resection or endoscopic submucosal dissection), all or part of your stomach (a partial or total gastrectomy). […] Chemotherapy uses anti cancer (cytotoxic) drugs to destroy cancer cells. The drugs circulate throughout the body in your bloodstream. […] You might have chemotherapy before and after surgery. Or you might have chemotherapy as your main treatment if your cancer has spread and you can’t have surgery.

• #1 Treatment options for stomach cancer | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/stomach-cancer/treatment/treatment-decisions

  Radiotherapy uses high energy rays to destroy cancer cells. […] You might have radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy (chemoradiotherapy). Or you might have radiotherapy to control the symptoms of advanced cancer. […] Targeted cancer drugs work by targeting the differences in cancer cells that help them to grow and survive. Other drugs help the immune system to attack cancer. These are called immunotherapy. […] You might have targeted or immunotherapy cancer drugs as part of your treatment for advanced stomach cancer. […] The main treatment is endoscopic surgery to remove the abnormal cells from the lining of the stomach. […] Surgery is the main treatment. […] You might have surgery to remove all or part of the stomach. If your cancer is stage 1B, you might have chemotherapy before and after surgery.

• #1 Stomach Cancer Treatment Choices by Stage | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/stomach-cancer/treating/by-stage.html

  Depending on the location and extent of the cancer, some people might get surgery as their first treatment, with either subtotal gastrectomy (removal of part of the stomach) or total gastrectomy (removal of the entire stomach). Nearby lymph nodes (and possibly parts of nearby organs) are removed as well. Other people might get chemotherapy alone or chemo plus radiation therapy (known as chemoradiation) first to try to shrink the cancer and make the surgery easier. […] Options for the first line of treatment for these cancers might include chemotherapy alone, chemo plus immunotherapy, chemo plus immunotherapy plus the targeted drug trastuzumab (if the cancer tests positive for HER2 and for the PD-L1 protein), or chemo plus radiation therapy (chemoradiation). […] Treatment aimed at controlling the growth of the cancer might include chemotherapy alone, chemotherapy plus immunotherapy, or chemotherapy along with radiation therapy if a person is healthy enough.

• #1 Gastric Cancer Treatment: Treatment – Patient Information [NCI] | The Children’s Hospital at Montefiore

  https://www.cham.org/health-library/article?id=ncicdr0000271446

  The first palliative treatment for HER2-negative tumors might include chemotherapy with or without the immunotherapy drug nivolumab. For HER2-positive tumors, it might include the immunotherapy drug pembrolizumab and the targeted therapy drug trastuzumab combined with chemotherapy. […] Subsequent palliative therapy may include one of the following: chemotherapy, ramucirumab with or without chemotherapy, pembrolizumab for DNA mismatch repair deficiency cancer, microsatellite instability-high cancer, or tumor mutational burden -high cancer, trastuzumab deruxtecan for HER2-positive cancer. […] If you have side effects from the cancer or its treatment, you may be given other treatments to help reduce those side effects so you are more comfortable.

• #1 Stomach Cancer Treatment Choices by Stage | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/stomach-cancer/treating/by-stage.html

  Some types of palliative surgery, such as a gastric bypass (or, less often, a subtotal gastrectomy) might be helpful in some situations to keep the stomach and/or intestines from becoming blocked (obstructed) or to control bleeding. […] Even if treatments do not destroy or shrink the cancer, there are often ways to relieve pain, trouble eating, and other symptoms.

• #1 Treatment of Stomach Cancer – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/types/stomach/treatment

  Immunotherapy helps a person’s immune system fight cancer. […] A type of regional chemotherapy called hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy, or hot chemotherapy, is being studied to treat stomach cancer and may be offered at certain treatment centers. […] A treatment clinical trial is a research study meant to help improve current treatments or obtain information on new treatments for patients with cancer. […] Some tests that were done to diagnose or stage the cancer may be repeated to see how well the treatment is working. Decisions about whether to continue, change, or stop treatment may be based on the results of these tests.

• #1 Treatment for Stomach Cancer | Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center

  https://www.fredhutch.org/en/diseases/stomach-cancer/treatment.html

  Stomach Cancer Treatment, therapy […] Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center experts offer comprehensive care for stomach cancer, including advanced treatments and new options available only through clinical studies. […] We have surgeons, medical oncologists, radiation oncologists and pathologists who specialize in stomach cancer; the most advanced diagnostic, treatment and recovery programs; and extensive support. […] Fred Hutch patients have access to advanced therapies being explored in clinical studies for stomach cancer conducted here and UW Medicine. […] We view treatment as a collaborative effort. Your Fred Hutch physicians will explain all your options and recommend a treatment plan based on the type, location, size and stage of your cancer and your overall health. […] Your personal team includes more than your stomach cancer doctors and nurses. Additional experts who specialize in treating people with cancer will be involved if you need them experts like a registered dietitian, pharmacist, social worker or palliative care professional. […] During and after treatment, your team continues to provide follow-up care on a schedule tailored to you. The Fred Hutch Survivorship Clinic is also here to help you live your healthiest life as a stomach cancer survivor. […] Treatment looks different for different people depending on your diagnosis. We tailor your treatment plan to you. Learn more about the treatment types offered at Fred Hutch. […] Your Fred Hutch team may recommend surgery to remove part or all of your stomach (gastrectomy): To cure your cancer by removing all of the tumor. […] People whose cancer has spread outside of their stomach typically do not have surgery because surgery cannot remove the cancer completely. If your cancer has spread, you have other options to try to control it. […] Stomach cancer surgery for Fred Hutch patients is performed by top surgeons at the Esophageal and Gastric Diseases Clinic at UW Medical Center – Montlake. […] Many Fred Hutch patients who need surgery for stomach cancer can have minimally invasive surgery, done with a fiber-optic camera and small instruments through incisions only one-quarter to one-half inch long. […] Chemotherapy may be part of your treatment: Before surgery to shrink your tumor, After surgery to destroy any remaining cancer cells and prevent or delay cancer coming back, As your main treatment to help control cancer if you dont have surgery. […] Usually chemotherapy medicines are given by infusion into a vein. […] Radiation therapy uses high-energy rays or other types of radiation to kill cancer cells. […] Studies have shown that using a combination of radiation therapy and chemotherapy medicines can delay or prevent cancer recurrence after surgery and may help patients live longer. […] This treatment is for people with stomach cancer that has spread to the abdominal lining (peritoneum). […] CRS-HIPEC may be able to control advanced disease while also giving you good quality of life. It combines two parts in one operation: A surgery to remove all the cancer that surgeons can see, Chemotherapy, in liquid form, that is warmed and then put into your abdomen to kill any cancer cells left behind after surgery.

• #1 Stomach Cancer Treatment | Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center – Buffalo, NY

  https://www.roswellpark.org/cancer/stomach/treatment

  Clinical trials to gain access to the very latest anti-cancer agents and methods. […] We offer additional advanced treatments for metastatic stomach cancer, including: […] Cytoreductive Surgery /Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemoperfusion (CS/HIPEC): This treatment for abdominal metastases begins with surgery to remove as much tumor tissue as possible. Heated chemotherapy drugs are then circulated throughout the abdomen. Because the drugs stay in the abdominal cavity, higher doses can be used, improving effectiveness and reducing side effects. […] Roswell Park offers innovative and advanced therapies unavailable elsewhere in the region that can improve survival and potentially cure the disease.

• #1 Treatment of Stage IV-Metastatic Gastric Cancer | Nebraska Hematology Oncology – Cancer Care Treatment Blood Disorders Clinical Trials Lincoln Nebraska (NE)

  https://www.yourcancercare.com/types-of-cancer/gastric-cancer/treatment-of-stage-iv-metastatic-gastric-cancer

  All patients with advanced gastric cancer should undergo genomic biomarker testing for HER2, PD-1 and other targets in order to determine if they can benefit from treatment with a precision cancer medicine. […] Precision cancer medicine utilizes molecular diagnostic testing, including DNA sequencing, to identify cancer-driving abnormalities in a cancers genome. Once a genetic abnormality is identified, a specific targeted therapy can be used to attack a specific mutation or other cancer-related change in the DNA programming of the cancer cells. Precision cancer medicine uses targeted drugs and immunotherapies engineered to directly attack gastric cancer cells with specific abnormalities, leaving normal cells largely unharmed. […] For patients with HER2-positive, metastatic gastric cancer, treatment with Herceptin can improve overall survival. […] Radiation therapy involves the use of a particular type of energy, known as ionizing radiation, to kill cancer cells. Radiation can play a role in managing the symptoms of advanced gastric cancer and can also help to control problems such as bleeding or blockages.

• #1 Stomach Cancer Treatment | Can You Treat Stomach Cancer? | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/stomach-cancer/treating.html

  Stomach cancer is often treated by a team of doctors with different specialties. Most likely, your treatment team will include a gastroenterologist, a surgical oncologist, a medical oncologist, and a radiation oncologist. […] Its important to discuss all of your treatment options, including their goals and possible side effects, with your treatment team to help make the decision that best fits your needs. […] One of the most important things to discuss is the goal of your treatment, including whether it might be possible to try to cure the cancer, or if treatment should be focused more on keeping the cancer under control for as long as possible and preventing or treating problems such as trouble eating, pain, or bleeding. […] Clinical trials are carefully controlled research studies that are done to get a closer look at promising new treatments or procedures. Clinical trials are one way to get state-of-the-art cancer treatment.

• #1

  https://winshipcancer.emory.edu/cancer-types-and-treatments/stomach-cancer/treatment.php

  Winship researchers are pioneers in stomach cancer treatment, leading clinical trials to develop and study new stomach cancer treatment options each year. […] The Winship gastrointestinal cancer team is currently investigating a number of stomach cancer treatment options, including combination chemotherapy, targeted therapies, proton therapy and immunotherapy. […] At Winship, we offer the most comprehensive array of stomach cancer treatment options in Georgia, and the expertise to treat this complex disease. […] Most patients with stomach cancer will have surgery to treat their disease. […] Nearly all stomach cancer treatment plans will include some form of chemotherapy, which involves the use of medication taken orally or injected to attack cancer cells throughout the body. […] This type of drug therapy is different from chemotherapy in that it targets a cancers specific gene mutations, selectively targeting cancer cells while producing fewer side effects.

• #1 Immunotherapy for Stomach Cancer – Cancer Research Institute

  https://www.cancerresearch.org/cancer-types/stomach-cancer

  Immunotherapy for stomach cancer, including checkpoint inhibitors and targeted antibodies, offer promising new treatment options for stomach (gastric) cancer patients. […] Treatment of stomach cancer depends on where the disease initiated and the extent of its spread throughout the body. If diagnosed early, surgery is the first-line treatment for stomach cancer, sometimes in combination with chemotherapy and/or radiation treatment. For advanced stomach cancer, treatment aims to stabilize disease progression and improve patients’ prognosis. […] Immunotherapy is class of treatments that take advantage of a person’s own immune system to help kill cancer cells. There are currently six FDA-approved immunotherapy options for stomach cancer. […] Several other immunotherapies—including checkpoint inhibitors, CAR T cell treatments, and multiple antibody approaches—are also being investigated in clinical trials and could soon provide stomach cancer patients with even more approved immunotherapy options.

• #1 Gastric cancer treatment: recent progress and future perspectives | Journal of Hematology & Oncology | Full Text

  https://jhoonline.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13045-023-01451-3

  Radical surgery is the primary treatment for resectable gastric cancer. Several therapeutic approaches have been established to lower the risk of recurrence and improve long-term survival, including perioperative chemotherapy, adjuvant chemotherapy, and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy. They are listed as the recommended treatments for resectable localized GC in current guidelines. Further, the addition of targeted therapy and/or immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is currently being studied in the neoadjuvant/adjuvant setting. […] Perioperative chemotherapy has become the standard treatment for resectable localized GC. Several clinical trials have demonstrated that perioperative chemotherapy could improve the prognosis of patients with resectable GC compared to surgery alone. […] Adjuvant chemotherapy is recommended for patients who undergo primary surgery and have stage II or stage III disease due to improvement in survival demonstrated by several clinical trials, particularly in Asian patients.

• #1 Stomach Cancer: Symptoms and Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15812-stomach-cancer

  Palliative care helps improve your quality of life as someone with a cancer diagnosis. Palliative care is specialized medical care that may include doctors, nurses and other specialists who can help with symptom relief. They can also provide additional support that complements the care you receive from your regular providers. You can receive palliative care alongside other treatments. […] Stomach cancer can be cured if it’s in the early stages. Often, though, diagnosis happens in later stages once symptoms begin. […] The outlook for stomach cancer depends on the stage of cancer. People in the early stages of stomach cancer have a much better prognosis than those at a later stage. The 5-year survival rate for stomach cancer may be as high as 70% (for little spread) or as low as 6% (for advanced spread).

• #1 Gastric Cancer Treatment: Treatment – Patient Information [NCI] | The Children’s Hospital at Montefiore

  https://www.cham.org/health-library/article?id=ncicdr0000271446

  Endoluminal stent placement may be done when the tumor blocks the passage into or out of the stomach. In this procedure, the surgeon places a stent (a thin, expandable tube) from the esophagus to the stomach or from the stomach to the small intestine to allow the patient to eat normally. […] Endoluminal laser therapy is a procedure in which an endoscope (a thin, lighted tube) with a laser attached is used as a knife to open a gastrointestinal blockage. […] Gastrojejunostomy is the removal of the part of the stomach with cancer that is blocking the opening into the small intestine. Then the surgeon connects the stomach to the jejunum (a part of the small intestine) to allow food and medicine to pass from the stomach into the small intestine. […] Radiation therapy uses high-energy x-rays or other types of radiation to kill cancer cells or keep them from growing. Stomach cancer is sometimes treated with external radiation therapy. This type of radiation therapy uses a machine outside the body to send radiation toward the area of the body with cancer.

• #1 Stomach Cancer (Gastric Cancer) | Symptoms & Treatments | MedStar Health

  https://www.medstarhealth.org/services/stomach-cancer

  If someone in your family carries this mutation, you may benefit from genetic counseling. […] We offer comprehensive rehabilitation services to help you feel like yourself again after treatment. […] We’re here to help ease that transition through help with nutrition, follow-up care, counseling, and other support services that can help you successfully navigate survivorship.

• #1 6 Innovative Stomach Cancer Treatment Options | MD Anderson Cancer Center

  https://www.mdanderson.org/cancer-types/stomach-cancer/stomach-cancer-treatment.html

  Many times, surgery is combined with chemotherapy and radiation. […] If all three therapies are needed, MD Anderson’s standard approach is to give chemotherapy and radiation before surgery (neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy). […] Following stomach cancer surgery, you may need to eat smaller, more frequent meals and avoid sugar. […] Chemotherapy works by killing fast-growing cells, including cancer cells. […] At MD Anderson, chemotherapy for stomach cancer is often given before surgery to shrink the tumor. […] Chemotherapy may also be used (often in conjunction with other therapies) to treat more advanced stomach cancer, especially if the cancer has spread to other parts of the body. […] Radiation therapy uses focused, high-energy beams to kill cancer cells. […] We use the most precise methods of radiation therapy to target the stomach cancer while limiting damage to surrounding areas.

• #1 Stomach cancer | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/cancer/cancer-types-in-adults/stomach-cancer/

  Many cases of stomach cancer cant be completely cured, but its still possible to relieve symptoms and improve quality of life using chemotherapy and in some cases radiotherapy and surgery. […] If operable, surgery can cure stomach cancer as long as all of the cancerous tissue can be removed. […] Surgery to remove some or all of the stomach is known as a gastrectomy. It will still be possible to eat normally after a gastrectomy, but youll probably have to adjust the size of your portions. […] Chemotherapy can also be used before surgery to help shrink the tumour and sometimes after surgery to help prevent the cancer returning. […] The main treatments for stomach cancer are surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. You may have 1 of these treatments or a combination. […] If surgery is recommended, you may have chemotherapy beforehand. If the tumour is in the upper part of your stomach, including the junction between the oesophagus and stomach, you may also have radiotherapy prior to surgery.

• #1 Treatment Options for Stomach Cancer | Compass Oncology

  https://www.compassoncology.com/stomach-cancer/treatment-options

  Immunotherapy medicines may be used to help the patients own immune system find and destroy stomach cancer cells. […] Before treatment begins, a team of doctors will create a plan specific to your needs. […] Proper nutrition is essential to treatment and recovery. […] Some patients may receive nutrition through an IV (intravenous) until they are able to eat on their own.

• #1 Stomach Cancer – UChicago Medicine

  https://www.uchicagomedicine.org/cancer/types-treatments/stomach-cancer

  At UChicago Medicine’s Center for Gastrointestinal Oncology, our stomach cancer treatment team includes an experienced nutritionist who works with patients to develop eating plans tailored to their nutritional needs. […] In addition to treatments designed to destroy cancerous tissue, our physicians offer palliative therapy. […] Our oncologists and anesthesiologists work together to determine the best pain management strategy, from oral medicines to nerve blocks.

• #1 Stomach Cancer

  https://medschool.cuanschutz.edu/colorado-cancer-center/for-patients-families/cancers-we-treat/stomach-cancer

  Stomach cancer prognosis depends on the stage of the cancer when its diagnosed and a persons overall health at the time of diagnosis. […] Stomach cancer is treated by a multidisciplinary team that usually includes a medical oncologist, a surgical oncologist, a gastroenterologist, a radiation oncologist, and a nutritionist. The team may also include nurses, physician assistants, psychologists, social workers, financial specialists, rehabilitation specialists, and others. […] Surgery is a common part of stomach cancer treatment plans and, in conjunction with other treatments, can help a patient achieve no evidence of disease status if the cancer hasnt spread to other parts of the body. […] Chemotherapy may be used as a stomach cancer treatment at different times. […] Radiation therapy uses high-energy rays or particles to kill cancer in targeted parts of the body. […] Targeted therapy drugs may also be used along with chemotherapy. […] Immunotherapies use certain medicines to boost a patients own immune system to fight cancer.

• #1 Stomach Cancer (Gastric Cancer) | Symptoms & Treatments | MedStar Health

  https://www.medstarhealth.org/services/stomach-cancer

  We meet weekly on tumor boards to carefully evaluate your condition and determine the most effective form of treatment for you. […] After diagnosing and determining that it has not spread to other organs, your surgical oncologist will likely recommend that you have surgery. […] The extent of the surgery will depend on where your tumor is located and whether it has spread to the surrounding lymph nodes. […] In very early stages, some patients can undergo an endoscopic mucosal resection. […] Unfortunately, most patients are diagnosed with more invasive cancer in the United States. […] For patients who have cancer in the middle section of the stomach and what we call the distal part of the stomach, we generally remove around 70 percent of the stomach. […] Patients who have cancer in the beginning of the stomach or involving the esophagus may need their entire stomach removed.

• #1 Stomach Cancer | Durham, Raleigh, North Carolina | Duke Health

  https://www.dukehealth.org/treatments/cancer/stomach-cancer

  You may be eligible to participate in our clinical trials, which can give you access to new anti-cancer targeted therapies, new approaches to surgery, and new ways to minimize cancer-related symptoms — before they become widely available. […] We perform many stomach surgeries with a laparoscope, which is inserted through small incisions. This less invasive method is used to identify and sometimes remove cancer. As a result, youll likely have less pain and scarring, lower risk of infection, a shorter hospital stay and quicker recovery. […] Our comprehensive support services range from helping patients minimize the side effects of cancer treatment to coping with the emotional and psychological effects of diagnosis and treatment.

• #1 Stomach Cancer | Durham, Raleigh, North Carolina | Duke Health

  https://www.dukehealth.org/treatments/cancer/stomach-cancer

  Stop tumors from growing by targeting a protein in the cancer called HER2. May be combined with chemotherapy to help extend survival in patients with advanced stomach cancer. […] We use chemotherapy and radiation therapy before surgery to shrink stomach cancer tumors. Our approach has proven to reduce complications and improve outcomes. […] We use drugs that block the growth and spread of cancer for your specific type of stomach cancer. Targeted therapies are often combined with chemotherapy. If you have advanced stomach cancer, this approach may extend your life. […] Our specialists — medical, radiation, and surgical oncologists; gastroenterologists; radiologists; pathologists; geneticists; specially trained nurses; nutritionists; and social workers — meet regularly to discuss your care. We work together to offer you coordinated and advanced surgical, medical, and follow-up care.

• #1 Treatment options | Cancer Australia

  https://www.canceraustralia.gov.au/cancer-types/stomach-cancer/treatment-options

  Targeted therapy refers to treatment with medicines that are designed to specifically attack cancer cells without harming normal cells. […] Immunotherapy is a type of targeted therapy that uses medicines to stimulate the immune system to attack cancer cells. […] After treatment, you might have regular visits with your doctor for physical examinations, blood tests, imaging scans, or an endoscopy, if needed. […] Stomach cancer can recur (come back) after treatment. If stomach cancer has come back, the treatment you have will depend on the type of cancer, where it has spread, the type of treatments you have already had and your general health. Treatment options for recurrent stomach cancer include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy or surgery. Some people have treatment to ease symptoms (called palliative care), which may include radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or other drug therapies.

• #1 Stomach cancer – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/stomach-cancer/symptoms-causes/syc-20352438

  Stomach cancer, which is also called gastric cancer, is a growth of cells that starts in the stomach. […] Treatment often includes surgery to remove the stomach cancer. Other treatments may be used before and after surgery. […] There are five main treatment options for stomach cancer: Surgery to remove all of the cancerous tissue and probably some of the healthy tissue around it. Chemotherapy, which uses drugs that journey throughout the body, destroying any cancer cells in its path. Radiation therapy, which uses high-powered beams of energy to target cancer cells. Targeted drug therapy, focusing on blocking specific weaknesses present within cancer cells. And immunotherapy, a drug treatment that helps your immune system recognize which cells are dangerous and attack them. […] Stomach cancer treatment is most likely to be successful if the cancer is only in the stomach. The prognosis for people with small stomach cancers is quite good. Many can expect to be cured. Most stomach cancers are found when the disease is advanced and a cure is less likely. Stomach cancer that grows through the stomach wall or spreads to other parts of the body is harder to cure.

• #1 Can Stomach Cancer be Cured? Factors for Reversing It

  https://www.healthline.com/health/cancer/can-stomach-cancer-be-cured

  Doctors can potentially cure stomach cancer if its caught early. But it often doesnt cause symptoms until its already in an advanced stage. […] Most stomach cancers diagnosed in stage 3 or 4 arent considered curable. […] Stage 1 stomach cancer is usually contained in your stomach but may have spread to 12 nearby lymph nodes. Its often considered curable. […] Stage 2 cancer is still contained in the stomach but may have spread to up to 15 lymph nodes. It may be considered curable. […] Stage 3 stomach cancer may have spread to other tissues near your stomach. It often isnt considered curable, but about a third of people live at least 5 years. […] Stage 4 stomach cancer has spread to distant organs. Its not considered curable. Treatment is usually palliative, meaning it aims to prolong your life and reduce your symptoms.

• #1 Stomach Cancer | Froedtert & MCW

  https://www.froedtert.com/stomach-cancer

  Overall, the five-year survival rate for stomach cancer is about 36%. […] Physicians develop an individualized treatment plan based on the type and stage of the stomach cancer. […] When all tests confirm that the cancer has not spread beyond the stomach and nearby lymph nodes, treatment can focus on curing the cancer. Treatment usually includes chemotherapy, radiation therapy and surgery. […] For patients whose stomach cancer has spread to other organs, the treatment plan includes chemotherapy. Treatment with immunotherapy drugs may be available through a clinical trial. […] For some patients with advanced stomach cancer, cancer cells have spread to the lining of the abdominal cavity, but it has not spread to any other organs. These patients may be eligible for a newer treatment option that combines cancer surgery with drug therapy.

• #1 Stomach Cancer | Knight Cancer Institute | OHSU

  https://www.ohsu.edu/knight-cancer-institute/stomach-cancer

  It’s important to remember that these figures are averages and can’t predict the outcome for any one patient. […] Survival rates are steadily climbing. Our Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research Center is dedicating hundreds of scientists to finding ways to detect cancer earlier. […] Your team is devoted to helping you live longer and do the things you enjoy.

• #1 Stomach Cancer Treatment | Can You Treat Stomach Cancer? | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/stomach-cancer/treating.html

  If you’ve been diagnosed with stomach cancer (also known as gastric cancer), your cancer care team will discuss your treatment options with you. It’s important to weigh the benefits of each treatment option against the possible risks and side effects. […] The main treatments for stomach cancer are: Surgery for Stomach Cancer, Chemotherapy for Stomach Cancer, Targeted Drug Therapy for Stomach Cancer, Immunotherapy for Stomach Cancer, Radiation Therapy for Stomach Cancer. […] Often the best approach uses 2 or more types of treatment. Your treatment options depend on many factors. The location and the stage (extent of spread) of the cancer are very important. In choosing your treatment plan, you and your cancer care team will also take your age, overall health, and personal preferences into account.

• #2 Treatment of Stomach Cancer – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/types/stomach/treatment

  Different types of treatments are available for stomach cancer. You and your cancer care team will work together to decide your treatment plan, which may include more than one type of treatment. Many factors will be considered, such as the stage of the cancer, your overall health, and your preferences. Your plan will include information about your cancer, the goals of treatment, your treatment options and the possible side effects, and the expected length of treatment. […] Surgery is a common treatment for stomach cancer. The type of surgery depends on where the cancer is located. […] Treatment given before surgery is called preoperative therapy or neoadjuvant therapy. Chemotherapy may be given before surgery to shrink the tumor and reduce the amount of tissue that needs to be removed during surgery.

• #2 Gastric Cancer Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Surgical Care, Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/278744-treatment

  Surgical resection is the principal therapy for gastric cancer, as it offers the only potential for cure. The most common procedures are total, subtotal, or distal gastrectomy. The choice of procedure and the extent of nodal dissection are determined by the ability to obtain clear microscopic margins. In patients who present with regionally advanced disease, removal of involved adjacent organs (eg, the spleen) may be required. […] Neoadjuvant chemotherapy has an established role in the management of gastric cancer. Perioperative chemotherapy, or postoperative chemotherapy plus chemoradiation, are preferred for localized gastric cancer. Because of lower toxicity, two-drug cytotoxic regimens (eg, fluoropyrimidine and oxaliplatin) are preferred for patients with advanced disease. […] D2 dissections are recommended by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) over D1 dissections. A pancreas- and spleen-preserving D2 lymphadenectomy is suggested, as it provides greater staging information, and may provide a survival benefit while avoiding its excess morbidity when possible.

• #2 Stomach Cancer Treatment Choices by Stage | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/stomach-cancer/treating/by-stage.html

  Treatment of stomach cancer (also known as gastric cancer) depends largely on where the cancer is in the stomach and how far it has spread. […] Surgery to remove the cancer is typically part of treatment if it can be done, as it offers the best chance for long-term survival. But surgery might not be a good option if the cancer has spread widely or if a person isn’t healthy enough for it. Other treatments such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy are often part of treatment as well, either along with or instead of surgery. Newer treatments such as targeted drugs and immunotherapy might be helpful in some situations as well. […] Very early stage cancers can typically be treated by surgery, with either subtotal gastrectomy (removal of part of the stomach) or total gastrectomy (removal of the entire stomach). Nearby lymph nodes are removed as well.

• #2 Stomach cancer | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/cancer/cancer-types-in-adults/stomach-cancer/

  Many cases of stomach cancer cant be completely cured, but its still possible to relieve symptoms and improve quality of life using chemotherapy and in some cases radiotherapy and surgery. […] If operable, surgery can cure stomach cancer as long as all of the cancerous tissue can be removed. […] Surgery to remove some or all of the stomach is known as a gastrectomy. It will still be possible to eat normally after a gastrectomy, but youll probably have to adjust the size of your portions. […] Chemotherapy can also be used before surgery to help shrink the tumour and sometimes after surgery to help prevent the cancer returning. […] The main treatments for stomach cancer are surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. You may have 1 of these treatments or a combination. […] If surgery is recommended, you may have chemotherapy beforehand. If the tumour is in the upper part of your stomach, including the junction between the oesophagus and stomach, you may also have radiotherapy prior to surgery.

• #2 Stomach (Gastric) Cancer Treatment Program

  https://www.massgeneral.org/cancer-center/treatments-and-services/gastrointestinal-cancers/stomach-cancer

  The Tucker Gosnell Center for Gastrointestinal Cancers offers a collaborative and caring approach to the diagnosis and treatment of patients with confirmed or suspected stomach cancer. […] We provide the latest, most effective treatments including many innovative approaches to clinical care and promising new therapies, including: […] Expertise in stomach cancer surgery, including proper regional lymph node dissection, minimally invasive laparoscopic approaches, and prophylactic total gastrectomy for those with inherited cancer syndromes. […] Proton beam radiation treatment at the Proton Therapy Center, New England’s only proton radiation facility. […] Innovative endoscopy approaches, including endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) and endomucosal resection (EMR), provided by one of New Englands few Advanced Endoscopy services, in collaboration with Mass Generals Digestive Healthcare Center.

• #2 Gastric Cancer Treatment: Treatment – Patient Information [NCI] | The Children’s Hospital at Montefiore

  https://www.cham.org/health-library/article?id=ncicdr0000271446

  Endoluminal stent placement may be done when the tumor blocks the passage into or out of the stomach. In this procedure, the surgeon places a stent (a thin, expandable tube) from the esophagus to the stomach or from the stomach to the small intestine to allow the patient to eat normally. […] Endoluminal laser therapy is a procedure in which an endoscope (a thin, lighted tube) with a laser attached is used as a knife to open a gastrointestinal blockage. […] Gastrojejunostomy is the removal of the part of the stomach with cancer that is blocking the opening into the small intestine. Then the surgeon connects the stomach to the jejunum (a part of the small intestine) to allow food and medicine to pass from the stomach into the small intestine. […] Radiation therapy uses high-energy x-rays or other types of radiation to kill cancer cells or keep them from growing. Stomach cancer is sometimes treated with external radiation therapy. This type of radiation therapy uses a machine outside the body to send radiation toward the area of the body with cancer.

• #2 Chemotherapy for stomach cancer | Canadian Cancer Society

  https://cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/stomach/treatment/chemotherapy

  Chemotherapy uses anticancer (cytotoxic) drugs to destroy cancer cells. It is usually used to treat stomach cancer. Your healthcare team will consider your personal needs to plan the drugs, doses and schedules of chemotherapy. You may also receive other treatments. […] Chemotherapy is sometimes combined with radiation therapy to treat stomach cancer. This is called chemoradiation. The 2 treatments are given during the same time period. The chemotherapy drugs help make the cancer cells more sensitive to radiation therapy. […] Chemotherapy is given for different reasons. You may have chemotherapy or chemoradiation to: destroy cancer cells in the body, shrink a tumour before other treatments such as surgery or radiation therapy (called neoadjuvant chemotherapy), destroy cancer cells left behind after surgery and reduce the risk that the cancer will come back (recur) (called adjuvant chemotherapy), relieve pain or control other symptoms of advanced stomach cancer (called palliative chemotherapy).

• #2 Chemotherapy for stomach cancer | Canadian Cancer Society

  https://cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/stomach/treatment/chemotherapy

  Chemotherapy is usually a systemic therapy. This means that the drugs travel through the blood to reach and destroy cancer cells all over the body, including those that may have broken away from the primary tumour in the stomach. […] Chemotherapy for stomach cancer is usually given by a needle into a vein (intravenously). It is usually given every 2 to 4 weeks. How often and how long chemotherapy is given depends on the type of drug or drug combination used and if radiation therapy is used at the same time. It is usually given for several months (up to 8 cycles).

• #2 Stomach Cancer Treatment Options | Targeting Cancer AU & NZ

  https://www.targetingcancer.com.au/treatment-by-cancer-type/stomach-cancer/

  If the cancer is more advanced, doctors may use drug treatment, radiation therapy and surgery. […] If surgery is not an option, doctors use drug treatments, with or without radiation therapy, to slow the cancer down, reduce bleeding and stop it spreading. […] Radiation therapy is the best treatment for people having trouble swallowing. Its also helpful for people who cant have other treatments and for those who have cancer that has spread. […] Palliative radiation therapy is also good for managing bleeding from tumours. […] External Beam Radiation Therapy (EBRT) is the most common type of radiation therapy used in gastric cancer. […] Radiation oncologists often use Volumetric Arc Therapy (VMAT) or stereotactic radiotherapy which are advanced types of External Beam Radiation Therapy (EBRT), to carefully deliver radiation to the areas that need to be treated.

• #2 Treatment of Stomach Cancer – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/types/stomach/treatment

  Treatment given after surgery, to lower the risk that the cancer will come back, is called adjuvant therapy. After the doctor removes all the cancer that can be seen, some patients may be given chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or both to kill any cancer cells that are left. […] Radiation therapy uses high-energy x-rays or other types of radiation to kill cancer cells or keep them from growing. Stomach cancer is sometimes treated with external radiation therapy. […] Chemotherapy (also called chemo) uses drugs to stop the growth of cancer cells, either by killing the cells or by stopping them from dividing. […] Chemotherapy for stomach cancer is usually systemic, meaning it is injected into a vein or given by mouth. […] Targeted therapy uses drugs or other substances to identify and attack specific cancer cells.

• #2 Targeted Therapy for Stomach Cancer | Cancer Council NSW

  https://www.cancercouncil.com.au/stomach-cancer/treatment/targeted-therapy/

  Targeted therapy for stomach cancer is a type of drug treatment that attacks specific features of cancer cells to stop the cancer growing and spreading. […] If you have HER2-positive advanced stomach or gastro-oesophageal junction cancer, you may be given a targeted therapy drug called trastuzumab. This drug destroys the HER2-positive cancer cells or slows their growth. Trastuzumab is given with chemotherapy every 2–3 weeks through a drip into a vein. […] Another targeted therapy drug called ramucirumab aims to reduce the blood supply to a tumour to slow or stop its growth. It has been approved to treat advanced stomach or gastro-oesophageal junction cancer that has not responded to chemotherapy, but is not subsidised by the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS). […] Possible side effects of trastuzumab include fever and nausea. In some people, trastuzumab can affect the way the heart works. Possible side effects of ramucirumab include stomach cramps, diarrhoea and high blood pressure. […] You may be able to access other new drugs to treat stomach cancer through clinical trials.

• #2 Targeted Therapy for Stomach Cancer | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/stomach-cancer/treatments/targeted-therapy-for-stomach-cancer

  Trastuzumab targets a protein called human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). Some people with stomach cancer have high levels of HER2, which helps tumors grow. […] Ramucirumab is another monoclonal antibody used to treat stomach cancer. This drug, which is given through a vein with IV infusion, targets a substance on the surface of cancer cells called vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2. The substance binds with a protein called vascular endothelial growth factor, which signals tumor cells to make new blood vessels, helping them to grow. Ramucirumab prevents this from occurring, effectively starving the tumor and slowing or stopping its growth. […] Common side effects of targeted drugs include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and mouth sores. To manage them, doctors adjust the dosage or use other medications to treat symptoms.

• #2 A New Targeted Treatment Shows Promise for Select Patients with Stomach Cancer | Newsroom | Weill Cornell Medicine

  https://news.weill.cornell.edu/news/2023/08/a-new-targeted-treatment-shows-promise-for-select-patients-with-stomach-cancer

  An international phase 3 clinical trial, done in participation with Weill Cornell Medicine and NewYork-Presbyterian, found that a new targeted treatment called zolbetuximab, given in combination with a standard chemotherapy, extended survival for patients with advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer that overexpressed a specific biomarker. […] If approved, zolbetuximab will be the first targeted therapy in the U.S. for patients with previously untreated advanced gastric or esophageal junction cancer that is human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative and overexpresses the protein claudin-18 isoform 2 (CLDN 18.2). […] Currently, standard chemotherapy regimens are the only treatment options for many patients with HER2-negative and low PD-L1 gastric and gastroesophageal cancer, and survival is about 12 months, said lead study author and trial co-principal investigator Dr. Manish Shah.

• #2 Targeted Therapy for Stomach Cancer | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/stomach-cancer/treatments/targeted-therapy-for-stomach-cancer

  Targeted therapy for stomach cancer involves prescribing drugs that target the genes, proteins, or tissue environment that contribute to a stomach cancer’s growth and survival. This type of treatment blocks the growth and spread of cancer cells while limiting damage to healthy cells. […] To find the most effective medication, doctors may run laboratory tests to identify a tumor’s genes, proteins, and other characteristics. This can usually be done with a blood test or tumor tissue sample. […] Trastuzumab is a monoclonal antibody given through a vein with intravenous (IV) infusion. It may be added to a chemotherapy regimen. The drug is composed of antibodies, immune system proteins that recognize and attack foreign substances in the body. These antibodies attach to proteins on the surface of cancer cells, interfering with their ability to grow and function.

• #2 Treatment for stomach cancer | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/stomach-cancer/treatment

  Your treatment depends on where your cancer is in the stomach, how big it is, whether it has spread anywhere else in your body and your general health. A team of doctors and other professionals discuss the best treatment and care for you. […] The treatment you have for stomach cancer depends on the stage of your cancer. You might have one or more treatments, including surgery, chemotherapy, targeted cancer drugs or radiotherapy. […] Chemotherapy uses anti cancer drugs to destroy cancer. You might have it before or after surgery for stomach cancer, or as your main treatment if your cancer is advanced. […] Radiotherapy uses high energy waves to kill cancer cells. You usually have it with chemotherapy, or you might have it to help with symptoms of advanced cancer. […] You might have targeted cancer drugs or immunotherapy for stomach cancer that has spread to other parts of the body (advanced stomach cancer).

• #2 Immunotherapy for Stomach Cancer – Cancer Research Institute

  https://www.cancerresearch.org/cancer-types/stomach-cancer

  Immunotherapy for stomach cancer, including checkpoint inhibitors and targeted antibodies, offer promising new treatment options for stomach (gastric) cancer patients. […] Treatment of stomach cancer depends on where the disease initiated and the extent of its spread throughout the body. If diagnosed early, surgery is the first-line treatment for stomach cancer, sometimes in combination with chemotherapy and/or radiation treatment. For advanced stomach cancer, treatment aims to stabilize disease progression and improve patients’ prognosis. […] Immunotherapy is class of treatments that take advantage of a person’s own immune system to help kill cancer cells. There are currently six FDA-approved immunotherapy options for stomach cancer. […] Several other immunotherapies—including checkpoint inhibitors, CAR T cell treatments, and multiple antibody approaches—are also being investigated in clinical trials and could soon provide stomach cancer patients with even more approved immunotherapy options.

• #2 Gastric Cancer Treatment: Treatment – Patient Information [NCI] | The Children’s Hospital at Montefiore

  https://www.cham.org/health-library/article?id=ncicdr0000271446

  The first palliative treatment for HER2-negative tumors might include chemotherapy with or without the immunotherapy drug nivolumab. For HER2-positive tumors, it might include the immunotherapy drug pembrolizumab and the targeted therapy drug trastuzumab combined with chemotherapy. […] Subsequent palliative therapy may include one of the following: chemotherapy, ramucirumab with or without chemotherapy, pembrolizumab for DNA mismatch repair deficiency cancer, microsatellite instability-high cancer, or tumor mutational burden -high cancer, trastuzumab deruxtecan for HER2-positive cancer. […] If you have side effects from the cancer or its treatment, you may be given other treatments to help reduce those side effects so you are more comfortable.

• #2 Stomach Cancer Treatment | Can You Treat Stomach Cancer? | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/stomach-cancer/treating.html

  If you’ve been diagnosed with stomach cancer (also known as gastric cancer), your cancer care team will discuss your treatment options with you. It’s important to weigh the benefits of each treatment option against the possible risks and side effects. […] The main treatments for stomach cancer are: Surgery for Stomach Cancer, Chemotherapy for Stomach Cancer, Targeted Drug Therapy for Stomach Cancer, Immunotherapy for Stomach Cancer, Radiation Therapy for Stomach Cancer. […] Often the best approach uses 2 or more types of treatment. Your treatment options depend on many factors. The location and the stage (extent of spread) of the cancer are very important. In choosing your treatment plan, you and your cancer care team will also take your age, overall health, and personal preferences into account.

• #2 Stomach Cancer Treatment | Sarah Cannon

  https://sarahcannon.com/for-patients/learn-about-cancer/stomach-cancer/treatment.dot

  Stomach cancer treatment depends on where the cancer started in the stomach and how far it spread. The treatment for each stage is different. […] The most common treatments for stomach cancer include: Gastrectomy, Chemotherapy, Radiation. […] Stage 0 cancers can be treated by surgery alone. Chemotherapy and radiation are usually not needed. […] In Stage I stomach cancers, surgery removes: All or part of the stomach, The omentum, Some nearby lymph nodes. […] The main treatment for stage II stomach cancer is surgery to remove all or part of the stomach, the omentum, and nearby lymph nodes. […] Surgery is the main treatment for stage III stomach cancer. […] Stage IV is stomach cancer that has spread to distant parts of the body. Although a cure is usually not possible, you may receive palliative surgery.

• #2 Stomach Cancer Treatment Choices by Stage | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/stomach-cancer/treating/by-stage.html

  Depending on the location and extent of the cancer, some people might get surgery as their first treatment, with either subtotal gastrectomy (removal of part of the stomach) or total gastrectomy (removal of the entire stomach). Nearby lymph nodes (and possibly parts of nearby organs) are removed as well. Other people might get chemotherapy alone or chemo plus radiation therapy (known as chemoradiation) first to try to shrink the cancer and make the surgery easier. […] Options for the first line of treatment for these cancers might include chemotherapy alone, chemo plus immunotherapy, chemo plus immunotherapy plus the targeted drug trastuzumab (if the cancer tests positive for HER2 and for the PD-L1 protein), or chemo plus radiation therapy (chemoradiation). […] Treatment aimed at controlling the growth of the cancer might include chemotherapy alone, chemotherapy plus immunotherapy, or chemotherapy along with radiation therapy if a person is healthy enough.

• #2 Gastric Cancer Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Surgical Care, Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/278744-treatment

  Neoadjuvant chemotherapy may allow downstaging of disease to increase resectability, decrease micrometastatic disease burden prior to surgery, allow patient tolerability prior to surgery, determine chemotherapy sensitivity, reduce the rate of local and distant recurrences, and ultimately improve survival. […] A European randomized trial demonstrated survival benefit when patients were treated with three cycles of preoperative chemotherapy (epirubicin, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil) followed by surgery and then three cycles of postoperative chemotherapy compared with surgery alone. […] Adjuvant radiotherapy is associated with improvements in both overall and relapse-free survival and reductions in locoregional failure. […] Numerous randomized clinical trials comparing combination chemotherapy in the postoperative setting to surgery alone did not demonstrate a consistent survival benefit.

• #2 Gastric Cancer Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Surgical Care, Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/278744-treatment

  A postoperative chemoradiation study was prompted in part by the patterns of local failure often preceding systemic spread. A randomized phase III study performed in the United States, Intergroup 0116, demonstrated a survival benefit associated with postoperative chemoradiotherapy compared with surgery alone (en bloc resection). […] Many patients present with distant metastases, carcinomatosis, unresectable hepatic metastases, pulmonary metastases, or direct infiltration into organs that cannot be resected completely. […] Platinum-based chemotherapy, in combinations such as epirubicin/cisplatin/5-FU or docetaxel/cisplatin/5-FU, represents the current first-line regimen. […] The angiogenesis inhibitor ramucirumab (Cyramza) is approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of advanced stomach cancer or gastroesophageal (GE) junction adenocarcinoma in patients with unresectable or metastatic disease following therapy with a fluoropyrimidine- or platinum-containing regimen.

• #2 Gastric Cancer Treatment & Pharmacologic Management

  https://www.cancertherapyadvisor.com/ddi/gastric-cancer-pharmacologic-treatment/

  The standard-of-care chemotherapy treatment of patients with gastric cancer consists of fluoropyrimidine (ie, 5-FU or capecitabine) with a platinum-based agent (ie, cisplatin or oxaliplatin), with or without a third chemotherapy, targeted therapy (ie, trastuzumab), or immunotherapy agent (ie, nivolumab), which is determined based on specific tumor and patient characteristics. […] Targeted therapy agents directed against biomarkers found in tumor cells and/or involved in tumorigenesis have increased the treatment options for patients with gastric cancer. […] Current immunotherapy options for gastric cancer consist of programmed death-1 (PD-1) inhibitors, which are immune checkpoint inhibitors that target checkpoint proteins to circumvent the cancer cells immune escape and initiate an immune response against them, leading to their cell death.

• #2 Treatment of Stage IV-Metastatic Gastric Cancer | Nebraska Hematology Oncology – Cancer Care Treatment Blood Disorders Clinical Trials Lincoln Nebraska (NE)

  https://www.yourcancercare.com/types-of-cancer/gastric-cancer/treatment-of-stage-iv-metastatic-gastric-cancer

  All patients with advanced gastric cancer should undergo genomic biomarker testing for HER2, PD-1 and other targets in order to determine if they can benefit from treatment with a precision cancer medicine. […] Precision cancer medicine utilizes molecular diagnostic testing, including DNA sequencing, to identify cancer-driving abnormalities in a cancers genome. Once a genetic abnormality is identified, a specific targeted therapy can be used to attack a specific mutation or other cancer-related change in the DNA programming of the cancer cells. Precision cancer medicine uses targeted drugs and immunotherapies engineered to directly attack gastric cancer cells with specific abnormalities, leaving normal cells largely unharmed. […] For patients with HER2-positive, metastatic gastric cancer, treatment with Herceptin can improve overall survival. […] Radiation therapy involves the use of a particular type of energy, known as ionizing radiation, to kill cancer cells. Radiation can play a role in managing the symptoms of advanced gastric cancer and can also help to control problems such as bleeding or blockages.

• #2 Treatment for Stomach Cancer | Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center

  https://www.fredhutch.org/en/diseases/stomach-cancer/treatment.html

  Stomach Cancer Treatment, therapy […] Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center experts offer comprehensive care for stomach cancer, including advanced treatments and new options available only through clinical studies. […] We have surgeons, medical oncologists, radiation oncologists and pathologists who specialize in stomach cancer; the most advanced diagnostic, treatment and recovery programs; and extensive support. […] Fred Hutch patients have access to advanced therapies being explored in clinical studies for stomach cancer conducted here and UW Medicine. […] We view treatment as a collaborative effort. Your Fred Hutch physicians will explain all your options and recommend a treatment plan based on the type, location, size and stage of your cancer and your overall health. […] Your personal team includes more than your stomach cancer doctors and nurses. Additional experts who specialize in treating people with cancer will be involved if you need them experts like a registered dietitian, pharmacist, social worker or palliative care professional. […] During and after treatment, your team continues to provide follow-up care on a schedule tailored to you. The Fred Hutch Survivorship Clinic is also here to help you live your healthiest life as a stomach cancer survivor. […] Treatment looks different for different people depending on your diagnosis. We tailor your treatment plan to you. Learn more about the treatment types offered at Fred Hutch. […] Your Fred Hutch team may recommend surgery to remove part or all of your stomach (gastrectomy): To cure your cancer by removing all of the tumor. […] People whose cancer has spread outside of their stomach typically do not have surgery because surgery cannot remove the cancer completely. If your cancer has spread, you have other options to try to control it. […] Stomach cancer surgery for Fred Hutch patients is performed by top surgeons at the Esophageal and Gastric Diseases Clinic at UW Medical Center – Montlake. […] Many Fred Hutch patients who need surgery for stomach cancer can have minimally invasive surgery, done with a fiber-optic camera and small instruments through incisions only one-quarter to one-half inch long. […] Chemotherapy may be part of your treatment: Before surgery to shrink your tumor, After surgery to destroy any remaining cancer cells and prevent or delay cancer coming back, As your main treatment to help control cancer if you dont have surgery. […] Usually chemotherapy medicines are given by infusion into a vein. […] Radiation therapy uses high-energy rays or other types of radiation to kill cancer cells. […] Studies have shown that using a combination of radiation therapy and chemotherapy medicines can delay or prevent cancer recurrence after surgery and may help patients live longer. […] This treatment is for people with stomach cancer that has spread to the abdominal lining (peritoneum). […] CRS-HIPEC may be able to control advanced disease while also giving you good quality of life. It combines two parts in one operation: A surgery to remove all the cancer that surgeons can see, Chemotherapy, in liquid form, that is warmed and then put into your abdomen to kill any cancer cells left behind after surgery.

• #2 6 Innovative Stomach Cancer Treatment Options | MD Anderson Cancer Center

  https://www.mdanderson.org/cancer-types/stomach-cancer/stomach-cancer-treatment.html

  Immunotherapy recruits the patients own immune system in the fight against cancer. […] For stomach cancer, patients may be given an immunotherapy known as a checkpoint inhibitor. […] Targeted therapy works by stopping or slowing the growth or spread of cancer on a cellular level. […] This type of testing classifies cancerous tumors by their genetic makeup and can help your doctor identify specific immunotherapies, targeted therapies, or clinical trials that might best treat that specific cancer. […] Since MD Anderson is one of the nations leading research centers, were able to offer top-quality, innovative treatment including clinical trials (research studies) of new treatments for every type and stage of stomach cancer. […] Stomach cancer is treated in our Gastrointestinal Center.

• #2 Stomach Cancer Treatment | Can You Treat Stomach Cancer? | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/stomach-cancer/treating.html

  You may hear about alternative or complementary methods to relieve symptoms or treat your cancer that your doctors haven’t mentioned. These methods can include vitamins, herbs, and special diets, or other methods such as acupuncture or massage, to name a few. […] Be sure to talk to your cancer care team about any method you are thinking about using. They can help you learn what is known (or not known) about the method, which can help you make an informed decision. […] People with cancer need support and information, no matter what stage of illness they may be in. Knowing all of your options and finding the resources you need will help you make informed decisions about your care. […] Whether you are thinking about treatment, getting treatment, or not being treated at all, you can still get supportive care to help with pain or other symptoms.

• #2 Stomach Cancer Treatment | Can You Treat Stomach Cancer? | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/stomach-cancer/treating.html

  For some people, when treatments have been tried and are no longer controlling the cancer, it could be time to weigh the benefits and risks of continuing to try new treatments. […] People who have advanced cancer and who are expected to live less than 6 months may want to consider hospice care. Hospice care is designed to provide the best possible quality of life for people who are near the end of life.

• #2 Stomach Cancer (Gastric Cancer) | Symptoms & Treatments | MedStar Health

  https://www.medstarhealth.org/services/stomach-cancer

  Following surgery, our dietitian will continue to support you as you make necessary changes in your diet and eating habits, such as eating smaller, more frequent meals. […] Major studies suggest that chemotherapy either with or without radiation may add to the benefits of surgery. […] Depending on your cancer’s size, stage, and location, chemotherapy may be given at different times. […] Your cancer team will carefully evaluate the most effective form of treatment for you. […] Tumor molecular profiling, or tumor genomic and protein analysis, is increasingly important to consider when treating cancers. […] Emerging therapies use targeted agents that can attack cancer cells in tumors with certain proteins or gene alterations. […] Radiation therapy uses intense energy beams or particles to kill cancer cells.

• #2 Stomach Cancer Treatment | Can You Treat Stomach Cancer? | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/stomach-cancer/treating.html

  Stomach cancer is often treated by a team of doctors with different specialties. Most likely, your treatment team will include a gastroenterologist, a surgical oncologist, a medical oncologist, and a radiation oncologist. […] Its important to discuss all of your treatment options, including their goals and possible side effects, with your treatment team to help make the decision that best fits your needs. […] One of the most important things to discuss is the goal of your treatment, including whether it might be possible to try to cure the cancer, or if treatment should be focused more on keeping the cancer under control for as long as possible and preventing or treating problems such as trouble eating, pain, or bleeding. […] Clinical trials are carefully controlled research studies that are done to get a closer look at promising new treatments or procedures. Clinical trials are one way to get state-of-the-art cancer treatment.

• #2 Current Treatment and Recent Progress in Gastric Cancer

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9927927/

  National guidelines recommend a multidisciplinary team approach for therapeutic decisions for patients with gastric cancer. […] Randomized clinical trials provide evidence that combined modality therapy is effective for patients with non-metastatic gastric and gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma. […] For potentially resectable patients with clinical T2N0 or greater disease, neoadjuvant/perioperative therapy is typically administered rather than upfront surgery followed by adjuvant therapy. […] The MAGIC trial was a seminal study that established the survival benefit of perioperative chemotherapy plus surgery versus surgery alone in patients with operable gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma. […] In patients with gastric cancer who undergo upfront surgery and have pathological T3 or T4 lesions, or node positive disease, adjuvant therapy is recommended.

• #2 Stomach Cancer (Gastric Cancer) | Symptoms & Treatments | MedStar Health

  https://www.medstarhealth.org/services/stomach-cancer

  Whether or not your treatment includes this type of therapy depends on the stage of your cancer and whether or not it can be removed with surgery. […] Some patients benefit from radiation in combination with chemotherapy or by itself following surgery. […] Clinical trials are research studies that test new options that may prolong survival or improve quality of life. […] We offer numerous opportunities for patients to receive the latest therapies before they become the standard of care, including novel targeted therapies, immunotherapy drugs, and combinations of chemotherapy and radiation. […] We’re part of The Ruesch Center for the Cure of Gastrointestinal Cancers at the region’s only comprehensive cancer center designated by the National Cancer Institute. […] We provide comprehensive services and programs designed to care for your physical, emotional, mental, and spiritual needs so you can focus on healing.

• #2 Treatment options | Cancer Australia

  https://www.canceraustralia.gov.au/cancer-types/stomach-cancer/treatment-options

  Targeted therapy refers to treatment with medicines that are designed to specifically attack cancer cells without harming normal cells. […] Immunotherapy is a type of targeted therapy that uses medicines to stimulate the immune system to attack cancer cells. […] After treatment, you might have regular visits with your doctor for physical examinations, blood tests, imaging scans, or an endoscopy, if needed. […] Stomach cancer can recur (come back) after treatment. If stomach cancer has come back, the treatment you have will depend on the type of cancer, where it has spread, the type of treatments you have already had and your general health. Treatment options for recurrent stomach cancer include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy or surgery. Some people have treatment to ease symptoms (called palliative care), which may include radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or other drug therapies.

• #2 Gastric Cancer Treatment: Treatment – Patient Information [NCI] | The Children’s Hospital at Montefiore

  https://www.cham.org/health-library/article?id=ncicdr0000271446

  A treatment clinical trial is a research study meant to help improve current treatments or obtain information on new treatments for patients with cancer. For some patients, taking part in a clinical trial may be an option. […] Some tests that were done to diagnose or stage the cancer may be repeated to see how well the treatment is working. Decisions about whether to continue, change, or stop treatment may be based on the results of these tests. These tests are sometimes called follow-up tests or check-ups. […] Cancer stage is an important factor in deciding the best treatment for stomach cancer. Other factors, such as your preferences and overall health, are also important. […] Gastrectomy (surgery to remove all or part of the stomach and nearby lymph nodes) is the main treatment for stage 0 stomach cancer (carcinoma in situ).

• #2 Stomach Cancer: Symptoms and Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15812-stomach-cancer

  Palliative care helps improve your quality of life as someone with a cancer diagnosis. Palliative care is specialized medical care that may include doctors, nurses and other specialists who can help with symptom relief. They can also provide additional support that complements the care you receive from your regular providers. You can receive palliative care alongside other treatments. […] Stomach cancer can be cured if it’s in the early stages. Often, though, diagnosis happens in later stages once symptoms begin. […] The outlook for stomach cancer depends on the stage of cancer. People in the early stages of stomach cancer have a much better prognosis than those at a later stage. The 5-year survival rate for stomach cancer may be as high as 70% (for little spread) or as low as 6% (for advanced spread).

• #2 Can Stomach Cancer be Cured? Factors for Reversing It

  https://www.healthline.com/health/cancer/can-stomach-cancer-be-cured

  Doctors can potentially cure stomach cancer if its caught early. But it often doesnt cause symptoms until its already in an advanced stage. […] Most stomach cancers diagnosed in stage 3 or 4 arent considered curable. […] Stage 1 stomach cancer is usually contained in your stomach but may have spread to 12 nearby lymph nodes. Its often considered curable. […] Stage 2 cancer is still contained in the stomach but may have spread to up to 15 lymph nodes. It may be considered curable. […] Stage 3 stomach cancer may have spread to other tissues near your stomach. It often isnt considered curable, but about a third of people live at least 5 years. […] Stage 4 stomach cancer has spread to distant organs. Its not considered curable. Treatment is usually palliative, meaning it aims to prolong your life and reduce your symptoms.

• #2 Stomach Cancer | Knight Cancer Institute | OHSU

  https://www.ohsu.edu/knight-cancer-institute/stomach-cancer

  Types of stomach cancer surgery include: […] Chemotherapy uses medications, usually given in a slow IV drip, to attack cancer cells nearly anywhere in your body. Sometimes its combined with radiation therapy. With stomach cancer, it may be used: […] Radiation therapy uses beams of energy to target cancer cells. For stomach cancer patients, radiation is most often delivered using external beam radiation therapy, with the equipment outside your body. […] Targeted therapies are drugs that lock onto receptors on cancer cells and shut them down. […] The key to successful treatment is early detection. If stomach cancer is found before it has spread, the five-year relative survival rate is 75%. […] Unfortunately, stomach cancer often isnt found until after it has spread, so overall survival rates remain discouraging.

• #2 Stomach Cancer | Knight Cancer Institute | OHSU

  https://www.ohsu.edu/knight-cancer-institute/stomach-cancer

  It’s important to remember that these figures are averages and can’t predict the outcome for any one patient. […] Survival rates are steadily climbing. Our Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research Center is dedicating hundreds of scientists to finding ways to detect cancer earlier. […] Your team is devoted to helping you live longer and do the things you enjoy.

• #2 Stomach Cancer Treatment | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center

  https://www.mskcc.org/cancer-care/types/stomach-gastric/treatment

  Stomach Cancer Treatment […] In recent years, cancer doctors have been better able to find and then treat stomach cancer at an earlier stage. That means more people are surviving stomach cancer. […] When the cancer is still at stages 1 to 3, surgery is the most common treatment. A gastrectomy is a surgery to remove part or all of the stomach. […] At MSK, we’re always working to improve stomach cancer treatments. We have better ways to describe the stage of the disease. We also have better ways of matching treatments to the type of gastric cancer. […] There also are many improvements in surgery technology. Minimally invasive surgery offers benefits over open surgery, the usual method for surgery. Minimally invasive methods cause less harm to the body. They cause less pain and can lower the risk cancer will come back.

• #3 Stomach Cancer Treatment | Can You Treat Stomach Cancer? | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/stomach-cancer/treating.html

  If you’ve been diagnosed with stomach cancer (also known as gastric cancer), your cancer care team will discuss your treatment options with you. It’s important to weigh the benefits of each treatment option against the possible risks and side effects. […] The main treatments for stomach cancer are: Surgery for Stomach Cancer, Chemotherapy for Stomach Cancer, Targeted Drug Therapy for Stomach Cancer, Immunotherapy for Stomach Cancer, Radiation Therapy for Stomach Cancer. […] Often the best approach uses 2 or more types of treatment. Your treatment options depend on many factors. The location and the stage (extent of spread) of the cancer are very important. In choosing your treatment plan, you and your cancer care team will also take your age, overall health, and personal preferences into account.

• #3 Gastric Cancer Treatment & Pharmacologic Management

  https://www.cancertherapyadvisor.com/ddi/gastric-cancer-pharmacologic-treatment/

  The standard-of-care chemotherapy treatment of patients with gastric cancer consists of fluoropyrimidine (ie, 5-FU or capecitabine) with a platinum-based agent (ie, cisplatin or oxaliplatin), with or without a third chemotherapy, targeted therapy (ie, trastuzumab), or immunotherapy agent (ie, nivolumab), which is determined based on specific tumor and patient characteristics. […] Targeted therapy agents directed against biomarkers found in tumor cells and/or involved in tumorigenesis have increased the treatment options for patients with gastric cancer. […] Current immunotherapy options for gastric cancer consist of programmed death-1 (PD-1) inhibitors, which are immune checkpoint inhibitors that target checkpoint proteins to circumvent the cancer cells immune escape and initiate an immune response against them, leading to their cell death.

• #3 Current Treatment and Recent Progress in Gastric Cancer

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9927927/

  National guidelines recommend a multidisciplinary team approach for therapeutic decisions for patients with gastric cancer. […] Randomized clinical trials provide evidence that combined modality therapy is effective for patients with non-metastatic gastric and gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma. […] For potentially resectable patients with clinical T2N0 or greater disease, neoadjuvant/perioperative therapy is typically administered rather than upfront surgery followed by adjuvant therapy. […] The MAGIC trial was a seminal study that established the survival benefit of perioperative chemotherapy plus surgery versus surgery alone in patients with operable gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma. […] In patients with gastric cancer who undergo upfront surgery and have pathological T3 or T4 lesions, or node positive disease, adjuvant therapy is recommended.

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